About: Macrophages and cytokines in the early defence against herpes simplex virus

Facets (new session)
Description
Metadata
Settings
- owl:sameAs
- Inference Rule:

About: Macrophages and cytokines in the early defence against herpes simplex virus Goto Sponge NotDistinct Permalink

An Entity of Type : schema:ScholarlyArticle, within Data Space : wasabi.inria.fr associated with source document(s)

Attributes	Values
type	Academic Article research paper schema:ScholarlyArticle
isDefinedBy	Covid-on-the-Web dataset
has title	Macrophages and cytokines in the early defence against herpes simplex virus
Creator	Ellermann-Eriksen, Svend
Source	Medline; PMC
abstract	Herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 and 2 are old viruses, with a history of evolution shared with humans. Thus, it is generally well-adapted viruses, infecting many of us without doing much harm, and with the capacity to hide in our neurons for life. In rare situations, however, the primary infection becomes generalized or involves the brain. Normally, the primary HSV infection is asymptomatic, and a crucial element in the early restriction of virus replication and thus avoidance of symptoms from the infection is the concerted action of different arms of the innate immune response. An early and light struggle inhibiting some HSV replication will spare the host from the real war against huge amounts of virus later in infection. As far as such a war will jeopardize the life of the host, it will be in both interests, including the virus, to settle the conflict amicably. Some important weapons of the unspecific defence and the early strikes and beginning battle during the first days of a HSV infection are discussed in this review. Generally, macrophages are orchestrating a multitude of anti-herpetic actions during the first hours of the attack. In a first wave of responses, cytokines, primarily type I interferons (IFN) and tumour necrosis factor are produced and exert a direct antiviral effect and activate the macrophages themselves. In the next wave, interleukin (IL)-12 together with the above and other cytokines induce production of IFN-γ in mainly NK cells. Many positive feed-back mechanisms and synergistic interactions intensify these systems and give rise to heavy antiviral weapons such as reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide. This results in the generation of an alliance against the viral enemy. However, these heavy weapons have to be controlled to avoid too much harm to the host. By IL-4 and others, these reactions are hampered, but they are still allowed in foci of HSV replication, thus focusing the activity to only relevant sites. So, no hero does it alone. Rather, an alliance of cytokines, macrophages and other cells seems to play a central role. Implications of this for future treatment modalities are shortly considered.
has issue date	2005-08-03(xsd:dateTime)
bibo:doi	10.1186/1743-422x-2-59
bibo:pmid	16076403
has license	cc-by
sha1sum (hex)	33f0a6576216e3c8ff02dcb1affaa66c9f08e30b
schema:url	https://doi.org/10.1186/1743-422x-2-59
resource representing a document's title	Macrophages and cytokines in the early defence against herpes simplex virus
has PubMed Central identifier	PMC1215526
has PubMed identifier	16076403
schema:publication	Virol J
resource representing a document's body	covid:33f0a6576216e3c8ff02dcb1affaa66c9f08e30b#body_text
is schema:about of	named entity 'history' named entity 'HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS' named entity 'MACROPHAGES' named entity 'CAPACITY' named entity 'PRIMARY INFECTION' named entity 'MUCH' named entity 'VIRUSES' named entity 'HISTORY OF' named entity 'NEURONS' named entity 'GENERALIZED' named entity 'DOING' named entity 'TYPE 1' named entity 'HUMANS' named entity 'HARM' named entity 'OUR' named entity 'HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS' named entity 'THE BRAIN' named entity 'EARLY' named entity 'CYTOKINES' named entity 'VIROLOGY' named entity 'GENERALLY' named entity 'LIFE' named entity 'INFECTING' named entity 'SHARED' named entity 'JOURNAL ' named entity 'RARE' named entity 'EVOLUTION' named entity 'ADAPTED' named entity 'HIDE' named entity 'OLD' named entity 'humans' named entity 'infection' named entity 'shared' named entity 'passive immunotherapy' named entity 'lungs' named entity 'phosphorylates' named entity 'cytokine' named entity 'alveolar' named entity 'dsRNA' named entity 'IgE' named entity 'IL-13Rα1' named entity 'nuclear factor κB' named entity 'subcutaneous' named entity 'herpes virus entry mediator' named entity 'JAK/STAT pathway' named entity 'IFN-γ' named entity 'IFN-γ' named entity 'viruses' named entity 'IFN-α/β' named entity 'latent state' named entity 'iNOS' named entity 'basophils' named entity 'viruses' named entity 'immunoregulatory' named entity 'assay' named entity 'monocytes' named entity 'NK cells' named entity 'transcriptional repressor' named entity 'type I IFNs' named entity 'IL-12' named entity 'IFN-γ' named entity 'toxic substance' named entity 'Th1' named entity 'virus' named entity 'enzyme' named entity 'IFN-γ' named entity 'HSV' named entity 'kbp' named entity 'necrosis' named entity 'STAT6' named entity 'ganglia' named entity 'antiviral' named entity 'nuclear membrane' named entity 'Langerhans cells' named entity 'IL-12' named entity 'angiogenesis' named entity 'membrane fusion' named entity 'IFN-α/β' named entity 'IFN-α/β' named entity 'virus' named entity 'viral infection'

Faceted Search & Find service v1.13.91 as of Mar 24 2020

Alternative Linked Data Documents: Sponger | ODE Content Formats:

RDF

ODATA

Microdata

About

OpenLink Virtuoso version 07.20.3229 as of Jul 10 2020, on Linux (x86_64-pc-linux-gnu), Single-Server Edition (94 GB total memory)
Data on this page belongs to its respective rights holders.
Virtuoso Faceted Browser Copyright © 2009-2024 OpenLink Software