About: Identification and validation of suitable endogenous reference genes for gene expression studies in human peripheral blood

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About: Identification and validation of suitable endogenous reference genes for gene expression studies in human peripheral blood Goto Sponge NotDistinct Permalink

An Entity of Type : schema:ScholarlyArticle, within Data Space : wasabi.inria.fr associated with source document(s)

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type	Academic Article research paper schema:ScholarlyArticle
isDefinedBy	Covid-on-the-Web dataset
title	Identification and validation of suitable endogenous reference genes for gene expression studies in human peripheral blood
Creator	Adamczy, Peter Apperson, Michelle Jickling, Glen Lit, Lisa Liu, Da-Zhi Tian, Yingfang Xu, Huichun Zhan, Xinhua Ander, Bradley Gregg, Jeffrey Liao, Isaac Sharp, Frank Stamova, Boryana Turner, Renee Walker, Wynn
source	Medline; PMC
abstract	BACKGROUND: Gene expression studies require appropriate normalization methods. One such method uses stably expressed reference genes. Since suitable reference genes appear to be unique for each tissue, we have identified an optimal set of the most stably expressed genes in human blood that can be used for normalization. METHODS: Whole-genome Affymetrix Human 2.0 Plus arrays were examined from 526 samples of males and females ages 2 to 78, including control subjects and patients with Tourette syndrome, stroke, migraine, muscular dystrophy, and autism. The top 100 most stably expressed genes with a broad range of expression levels were identified. To validate the best candidate genes, we performed quantitative RT-PCR on a subset of 10 genes (TRAP1, DECR1, FPGS, FARP1, MAPRE2, PEX16, GINS2, CRY2, CSNK1G2 and A4GALT), 4 commonly employed reference genes (GAPDH, ACTB, B2M and HMBS) and PPIB, previously reported to be stably expressed in blood. Expression stability and ranking analysis were performed using GeNorm and NormFinder algorithms. RESULTS: Reference genes were ranked based on their expression stability and the minimum number of genes needed for nomalization as calculated using GeNorm showed that the fewest, most stably expressed genes needed for acurate normalization in RNA expression studies of human whole blood is a combination of TRAP1, FPGS, DECR1 and PPIB. We confirmed the ranking of the best candidate control genes by using an alternative algorithm (NormFinder). CONCLUSION: The reference genes identified in this study are stably expressed in whole blood of humans of both genders with multiple disease conditions and ages 2 to 78. Importantly, they also have different functions within cells and thus should be expressed independently of each other. These genes should be useful as normalization genes for microarray and RT-PCR whole blood studies of human physiology, metabolism and disease.
has issue date	2009-08-05(xsd:dateTime)
bibo:doi	10.1186/1755-8794-2-49
bibo:pmid	19656400
has license	cc-by
sha1sum (hex)	4d7ed140eb8fb2b02900f7ed3ad33e99dc438989
schema:url	https://doi.org/10.1186/1755-8794-2-49
resource representing a document's title	Identification and validation of suitable endogenous reference genes for gene expression studies in human peripheral blood
has PubMed Central identifier	PMC2736983
has PubMed identifier	19656400
schema:publication	BMC Med Genomics
resource representing a document's body	covid:4d7ed140eb8fb2b02900f7ed3ad33e99dc438989#body_text
is schema:about of	named entity 'ENDOGENOUS' named entity 'GENE EXPRESSION' named entity 'Genomics' named entity 'BMC' named entity 'SUITABLE' named entity 'GENES' named entity 'VALIDATION' named entity 'METHODS' named entity 'USES' named entity 'SUITABLE' named entity 'UNIQUE' named entity 'APPEAR' named entity 'HUMAN BLOOD' named entity 'USED' named entity 'EXPRESSED' named entity 'OPTIMAL' named entity 'SET' named entity 'REFERENCE' named entity 'PERIPHERAL BLOOD' named entity 'GENOMICS' named entity 'NORMALIZATION' covid:arg/4d7ed140eb8fb2b02900f7ed3ad33e99dc438989 named entity 'STUDIES' named entity 'GENES' named entity 'METHOD' named entity 'REFERENCE' named entity 'IDENTIFICATION' named entity 'HUMAN' named entity 'BMC' named entity 'TISSUE' named entity 'IDENTIFIED' named entity 'HAVE' named entity 'BACKGROUND' named entity 'MEDICAL' named entity 'GENE EXPRESSION' named entity 'STUDIES' named entity 'APPROPRIATE' named entity 'normalization' named entity 'normalization' named entity 'expression' named entity 'normalization methods' named entity 'human blood' named entity 'endogenous' named entity 'peripheral blood' named entity 'PPIB' named entity 'leukocytes' named entity 'gene' named entity 'expression levels' named entity 'reference genes' named entity 'University of California, Davis' named entity 'autism' named entity 'qRT-PCR' named entity 'reference genes' named entity 'reference genes' named entity 'physiological condition' named entity 'exon' named entity 'SDs' named entity 'FARP1' named entity 'PEX16' named entity 'ACTB' named entity 'HMBS' named entity 'Standard Deviation' named entity 'TRAP1' named entity 'PPIB' named entity 'stroke' named entity 'Affymetrix' named entity 'qRT-PCR'

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