About: The Novel Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Directly Decimates Human Spleens and Lymph Nodes

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About: The Novel Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Directly Decimates Human Spleens and Lymph Nodes Goto Sponge NotDistinct Permalink

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Attributes	Values
type	Academic Article research paper schema:ScholarlyArticle
isDefinedBy	Covid-on-the-Web dataset
title	The Novel Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Directly Decimates Human Spleens and Lymph Nodes
Creator	Liu, Ying Chen, Yongwen Wang, Gang Liu, Liang Diao, Bo Feng, Zeqing Liang, Ren Liu, Yueping Tan, Yingjun Wang, Changsong Wang, Chenhui Wang, Rongshuai Wu, Yuan, Zilin
topic	covid:9c6258d66bbfea263cc00d0b939361e4958b7f5f#this
source	MedRxiv
abstract	While lymphocytopenia is a common characteristic of patients infected by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the mechanisms responsible for this depletion are unclear. Through careful inspection of the spleens and lymph nodes (LNs) from six cases with postmortem examinations, we observed that SARS-CoV-2 could directly infect secondary lymphoid organs to induce cell death. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated ACE2 (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2), the potential receptor of SARS-CoV-2, expresses on tissue-resident CD169+ macrophages in spleens and LNs. Immunofluorescent staining confirmed that viral nucleocaspid protein (NP) can be found in ACE2+ cells, CD169+ macrophages, but not in CD3+ T cells or B220+ B cells in spleens and LNs. SARS-CoV-2 infection induces severe tissue damage including lymph follicle depletion, splenic nodule atrophy, histiocyte hyperplasia and lymphocyte reductions. Moreover, in situ TUNEL staining illustrated that viral infection leads to severe lymphocyte apoptosis, which might be mediated by viral antigens inducing Fas upregulation. Furthermore, SARS-CoV-2 also triggers macrophages to produce IL-6, a proinflammatory cytokine that directly promotes lymphocyte necrosis. Collectively, these results demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2 directly neutralizes human spleens and LNs through infecting tissue- resident CD169+ macrophages.
has issue date	2020-03-31(xsd:dateTime)
bibo:doi	10.1101/2020.03.27.20045427
has license	medrxiv
sha1sum (hex)	9c6258d66bbfea263cc00d0b939361e4958b7f5f
schema:url	https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.27.20045427
resource representing a document's title	The Novel Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Directly Decimates Human Spleens and Lymph Nodes
resource representing a document's body	covid:9c6258d66bbfea263cc00d0b939361e4958b7f5f#body_text
is http://vocab.deri.ie/void#inDataset of	https://covidontheweb.inria.fr:4443/about/id/http/ns.inria.fr/covid19/9c6258d66bbfea263cc00d0b939361e4958b7f5f
is schema:about of	named entity 'infection' named entity 'protein' named entity 'reductions' named entity 'atrophy' named entity 'human' named entity 'Novel' named entity 'SARS-CoV-2' named entity 'CHARACTERISTIC' named entity 'MECHANISMS' named entity 'LYMPH NODES' named entity 'B220' named entity 'CD169' named entity 'FOUND' named entity 'HISTIOCYTE' named entity 'ATROPHY' named entity 'TISSUE DAMAGE' named entity 'LYMPHOCYTE' named entity 'SPLEENS' named entity 'CONVERTING' named entity 'induces' named entity 'While' named entity 'viral' named entity 'SARS-CoV-2' named entity 'LNs' named entity 'lymphocytopenia' named entity 'lymph nodes' named entity 'spleens' named entity 'receptor' named entity 'severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2' named entity 'histiocyte' named entity 'spleens' named entity 'LNs' named entity 'protein' named entity 'macrophages' named entity 'angiotensin-converting enzyme 2' named entity 'infection' named entity 'tissue damage' named entity 'cell death' named entity 'CD3' named entity 'Lymph Nodes' named entity 'potential' named entity 'lymph' named entity 'March 31' named entity 'activation-induced cell death' named entity 'poly-L-lysine' named entity 'etiology' named entity 'alcohol' named entity 'amino acid sequence' named entity 'subcapsular sinus' named entity 'hyperplasia' named entity 'macrophages' named entity 'serum' named entity 'World Health Organization' named entity 'lymphocyte' named entity 'SARS-CoV-2' named entity 'tissue damage' named entity 'SARS-CoV-2' named entity 'cytokines' named entity 'immune surveillance' named entity 'Fas' named entity 'spleens' named entity 'ACE2' named entity 'gene transcription' named entity 'macrophages' named entity 'receptor' named entity 'Fas' named entity 'virus' named entity 'apoptosis' named entity 'subcapsular sinus' named entity 'Endogenous'

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