About: Role of Autophagy in Lung Inflammation

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type	Academic Article research paper schema:ScholarlyArticle
isDefinedBy	Covid-on-the-Web dataset
title	Role of Autophagy in Lung Inflammation
Creator	Akbari, Omid Galle-Treger, Lauriane Painter, Jacob Hirahara, Kiyoshi Hirose, Koichi Shinoda, Kenta Tumes, Damon
source	Medline; PMC
abstract	Autophagy is a cellular recycling system found in almost all types of eukaryotic organisms. The system is made up of a variety of proteins which function to deliver intracellular cargo to lysosomes for formation of autophagosomes in which the contents are degraded. The maintenance of cellular homeostasis is key in the survival and function of a variety of human cell populations. The interconnection between metabolism and autophagy is extensive, therefore it has a role in a variety of different cell functions. The disruption or dysfunction of autophagy in these cell types have been implicated in the development of a variety of inflammatory diseases including asthma. The role of autophagy in non-immune and immune cells both lead to the pathogenesis of lung inflammation. Autophagy in pulmonary non-immune cells leads to tissue remodeling which can develop into chronic asthma cases with long term effects. The role autophagy in the lymphoid and myeloid lineages in the pathology of asthma differ in their functions. Impaired autophagy in lymphoid populations have been shown, in general, to decrease inflammation in both asthma and inflammatory disease models. Many lymphoid cells rely on autophagy for effector function and maintained inflammation. In stark contrast, autophagy deficient antigen presenting cells have been shown to have an activated inflammasome. This is largely characterized by a T(H)17 response that is accompanied with a much worse prognosis including granulocyte mediated inflammation and steroid resistance. The cell specificity associated with changes in autophagic flux complicates its targeting for amelioration of asthmatic symptoms. Differing asthmatic phenotypes between T(H)2 and T(H)17 mediated disease may require different autophagic modulations. Therefore, treatments call for a more cell specific and personalized approach when looking at chronic asthma cases. Viral-induced lung inflammation, such as that caused by SARS-CoV-2, also may involve autophagic modulation leading to inflammation mediated by lung resident cells. In this review, we will be discussing the role of autophagy in non-immune cells, myeloid cells, and lymphoid cells for their implications into lung inflammation and asthma. Finally, we will discuss autophagy's role viral pathogenesis, immunometabolism, and asthma with insights into autophagic modulators for amelioration of lung inflammation.
has issue date	2020-07-07(xsd:dateTime)
bibo:doi	10.3389/fimmu.2020.01337
bibo:pmid	32733448
has license	cc-by
sha1sum (hex)	af39449382cba0dc1ce2fe401109f1f183d42602
schema:url	https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.01337
resource representing a document's title	Role of Autophagy in Lung Inflammation
has PubMed Central identifier	PMC7358431
has PubMed identifier	32733448
schema:publication	Front Immunol
resource representing a document's body	covid:af39449382cba0dc1ce2fe401109f1f183d42602#body_text
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