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RNase MRP (also called RMRP) is an enzymatically active ribonucleoprotein with two distinct roles in eukaryotes. RNAse MRP stands for RNAse for mitochondrial RNA processing. In mitochondria it plays a direct role in the initiation of mitochondrial DNA replication. In the nucleus it is involved in precursor rRNA processing, where it cleaves the internal transcribed spacer 1 between 18S and 5.8S rRNAs. Despite distinct functions, RNase MRP has been shown to be evolutionarily related to RNase P. Like eukaryotic RNase P, RNase MRP is not catalytically active without associated protein subunits.

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  • RNase MRP
  • RNA酶MRP
  • リボヌクレアーゼMRP
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  • RNase MRP (also called RMRP) is an enzymatically active ribonucleoprotein with two distinct roles in eukaryotes. RNAse MRP stands for RNAse for mitochondrial RNA processing. In mitochondria it plays a direct role in the initiation of mitochondrial DNA replication. In the nucleus it is involved in precursor rRNA processing, where it cleaves the internal transcribed spacer 1 between 18S and 5.8S rRNAs. Despite distinct functions, RNase MRP has been shown to be evolutionarily related to RNase P. Like eukaryotic RNase P, RNase MRP is not catalytically active without associated protein subunits.
  • リボヌクレアーゼMRP(ribonuclease MRP、略称:RNase MRP、RMRP)は酵素活性を持つリボヌクレオタンパク質であり、真核生物で2つの異なる役割を持つ。RNase MRPは"ribonuclease for mitochondrial RNA processing"すなわちミトコンドリアのRNAのプロセシングを担うリボヌクレアーゼを意味する。ミトコンドリアでは、DNA複製の開始に直接的に関与している。核ではrRNA前駆体のプロセシングに関与し、18S rRNAと5.8S rRNAの間に位置するスペーサー領域(internal transcribed spacer 1、ITS1)を切断する。機能は異なるものの、RNase MRPはRNase Pと進化的に関係していることが示されている。真核生物のRNase Pと同様、RNase MRPはタンパク質サブユニットが結合していなければ触媒活性を持たない。 RNase MRPのRNA要素の変異は、多面発現的な疾患であるを引き起こす。RNase MRPのRNAの遺伝子(RMRP)は、疾患を引き起こすことが判明した最初のノンコーディングRNA遺伝子である。
  • RNA酶MRP(RNase MRP,簡稱RMRP)是真核生物的一種RNA酶,屬核糖核酸蛋白,其切割活性來自其中的RNA(即屬於核酶),但需與蛋白結合才具有活性。此RNA酶得名自「剪切粒線體RNA的RNA酶」(RNAse for mitochondrial RNA processing)之首字縮寫,在細胞中主要有兩個功能,一為在粒線體DNA的過程中,將複製起始區轉錄產生的RNA切割成為DNA複製所需引物;另一功能則是在細胞核的核仁中參與rRNA前驅物(35S rRNA)的剪切,切割18S rRNA與5.8S rRNA之間的序列。此外還有研究顯示RNA酶MRP可切割特定mRNA的5′ UTR而促使其被降解。 RNA酶MRP與RNA酶P(另一種核酶)雖功能不同,但兩者特定區域的結構與序列相似,可能是由同一共祖蛋白演化而來。 RNA酶MRP中RNA的一個位點突變可能與相關。
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