Abstract, AB Meta-properties ABSTRACT is RIGID (+R). ABSTRACT is NOT CARRYING AN IDENTITY CRITERION (-I). ABSTRACT is NOT CARRYING A COMMON UNITY CRITERION (-U). ABSTRACT is NON-EXTERNALLY-DEPENDENT (-D). ABSTRACT is NONEMPTY. Properties [EP/SL] An ABSTRACT is a dolce-particular. [Ad3a’; EP/VR] An ABSTRACT has for parts only ABSTRACTS. [Ad3b; EP/VR] An ABSTRACT is a part of only ABSTRACTS. [Ad5a; EP/NMC] Every ABSTRACT is part of itself. [Ad8a’; EP/NMC] Every ABSTRACT1 which is not a part of an ABSTRACT2 is such that at least one ABSTRACT3 exists which is a part of ABSTRACT1 and which does not overlap with ABSTRACT2. Comment [CIT] [Masolo et al., 2003, p. 10] “Abstracts possess no causal power while concretes do.” [CIT] [Masolo et al., 2003, p. 18] “The main characteristic of abstract entities is that they do not have spatial nor temporal qualities, and they are not qualities themselves.”