About: Etiology and Incidence of Viral and Bacterial Acute Respiratory Illness among Older Children and Adults in Rural Western Kenya, 2007

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About: Etiology and Incidence of Viral and Bacterial Acute Respiratory Illness among Older Children and Adults in Rural Western Kenya, 2007–2010 Goto Sponge NotDistinct Permalink

An Entity of Type : schema:ScholarlyArticle, within Data Space : wasabi.inria.fr associated with source document(s)

Attributes	Values
type	Academic Article research paper schema:ScholarlyArticle
isDefinedBy	Covid-on-the-Web dataset
has title	Etiology and Incidence of Viral and Bacterial Acute Respiratory Illness among Older Children and Adults in Rural Western Kenya, 2007–2010
Creator	Bigogo, Godfrey Feikin, Daniel Schneider, Eileen Erdman, Dean Balish, Amanda Katz, Mark Breiman, Robert Oberste, M Winchell, Jonas Kariuki Njenga, M Gikunju, Stella Nderitu, Leonard Aol, George Audi, Allan Aura, Barrack Jagero, Geoffrey Muluare, Peter
Source	Medline; PMC
abstract	BACKGROUND: Few comprehensive data exist on disease incidence for specific etiologies of acute respiratory illness (ARI) in older children and adults in Africa. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: From March 1, 2007, to February 28, 2010, among a surveillance population of 21,420 persons >5 years old in rural western Kenya, we collected blood for culture and malaria smears, nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs for quantitative real-time PCR for ten viruses and three atypical bacteria, and urine for pneumococcal antigen testing on outpatients and inpatients meeting a ARI case definition (cough or difficulty breathing or chest pain and temperature >38.0°C or oxygen saturation <90% or hospitalization). We also collected swabs from asymptomatic controls, from which we calculated pathogen-attributable fractions, adjusting for age, season, and HIV-status, in logistic regression. We calculated incidence by pathogen, adjusting for health-seeking for ARI and pathogen-attributable fractions. Among 3,406 ARI patients >5 years old (adjusted annual incidence 12.0 per 100 person-years), influenza A virus was the most common virus (22% overall; 11% inpatients, 27% outpatients) and Streptococcus pneumoniae was the most common bacteria (16% overall; 23% inpatients, 14% outpatients), yielding annual incidences of 2.6 and 1.7 episodes per 100 person-years, respectively. Influenza A virus, influenza B virus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and human metapneumovirus were more prevalent in swabs among cases (22%, 6%, 8% and 5%, respectively) than controls. Adenovirus, parainfluenza viruses, rhinovirus/enterovirus, parechovirus, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae were not more prevalent among cases than controls. Pneumococcus and non-typhi Salmonella were more prevalent among HIV-infected adults, but prevalence of viruses was similar among HIV-infected and HIV-negative individuals. ARI incidence was highest during peak malaria season. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNFICANCE: Vaccination against influenza and pneumococcus (by potential herd immunity from childhood vaccination or of HIV-infected adults) might prevent much of the substantial ARI incidence among persons >5 years old in similar rural African settings.
has issue date	2012-08-24(xsd:dateTime)
bibo:doi	10.1371/journal.pone.0043656
bibo:pmid	22937071
has license	cc0
sha1sum (hex)	0576fedbc002ef14350cf14e180a4d6a7acede37
schema:url	https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0043656
resource representing a document's title	Etiology and Incidence of Viral and Bacterial Acute Respiratory Illness among Older Children and Adults in Rural Western Kenya, 2007–2010
has PubMed Central identifier	PMC3427162
has PubMed identifier	22937071
schema:publication	PLoS One
resource representing a document's body	covid:0576fedbc002ef14350cf14e180a4d6a7acede37#body_text
is schema:about of	named entity 'inpatients' named entity 'adults' named entity 'Adenovirus' named entity 'swabs' named entity 'common' named entity 'collected' named entity 'Illness' named entity 'cases' named entity 'comprehensive' named entity 'malaria' named entity 'antigen' named entity 'individuals' named entity 'influenza A virus' named entity 'Pneumococcus' named entity 'annual' named entity 'outpatients' named entity 'incidence' named entity 'parechovirus' named entity 'urine' named entity 'Salmonella' named entity 'incidences' named entity 'collected' named entity 'ARI' named entity 'age' named entity 'prevalent' named entity 'patients' named entity 'Etiology' named entity 'oxygen saturation' named entity 'oropharyngeal' named entity 'malaria' named entity 'parainfluenza' named entity 'pneumococcal' named entity 'parechovirus' named entity 'virus' named entity 'HIV-negative' named entity 'pathogen' named entity 'Influenza A virus' named entity 'asymptomatic' named entity 'difficulty breathing' named entity 'controls' named entity 'health facility' named entity 'influenza' named entity 'pneumonia' named entity 'Nairobi' named entity 'medical care' named entity 'chi-square test' named entity 'KEMRI' named entity 'pathogen' named entity 'pneumococcus' named entity 'etiology' named entity 'urine' named entity 'Influenza B virus' named entity 'rhinovirus' named entity 'Belgium' named entity 'qRT-PCR' named entity 'coinfection' named entity 'HIV' named entity 'oropharynx' named entity 'Nyanza Province' named entity 'malaria' named entity 'RSV' named entity 'influenza' named entity 'KEMRI' named entity 'urine' named entity 'respiratory infections'

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