About: Otitis Media and Sinusitis

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Attributes	Values
type	Academic Article research paper schema:ScholarlyArticle
isDefinedBy	Covid-on-the-Web dataset
has title	Otitis Media and Sinusitis
Creator	Gentile, Deborah Schad, Christine Schaffner, Timothy Skoner, David
Source	PMC
abstract	Otitis media (OM) and sinusitis are common and costly maladies that are often preceded by the development of a viral upper respiratory infection (vURI). Although antibiotics have been shown to be somewhat effective in the treatment of these disorders, increasing concern over the emergence of pathogen resistence to these agents underscores the need for the development of other treatment options, including agents to treat and/or prevent vURIs. Earlier research implicated roles for cytopathology, cellular infiltration, and inflammatory mediators such as bradykinin, in the pathogenesis of vURIs and its complications, including OM and sinusitis, but these factors are now recognized as late events with specific and limited contributions to disease expression. Current therapies are relatively ineffective and aimed at reducing symptoms rather than moderating underlying mechanisms. Nasal elevations of proinflammatory cytokines and leukotrienes track symptom expression during vURIs, and it is hypothesized that these chemicals orchestrate a common response to infection with many different viruses causing vURIs. Moreover, recent evidence demonstrates that specific cytokine gene polymorphisms may modulate the severity of illness and incidence of complications during episodes of vURI. Additionally, other evidence supports a role for neurogenic inflammation in the development of complications. Future studies should dissect the role of proinflammatory cytokines, leukotrienes, and neuropeptides in the expression of symptoms, signs, pathophysiologies, and complications of vURIs.
has issue date	2009-01-01(xsd:dateTime)
bibo:doi	10.1007/978-4-431-88317-3_7
has license	no-cc
sha1sum (hex)	05967c268b33979123c9508cb67bc42066dbcc41
schema:url	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-88317-3_7
resource representing a document's title	Otitis Media and Sinusitis
has PubMed Central identifier	PMC7121333
schema:publication	Allergy Frontiers: Clinical Manifestations
resource representing a document's body	covid:05967c268b33979123c9508cb67bc42066dbcc41#body_text
is schema:about of	named entity 'signs' named entity 'etiologic' named entity 'viral infection' named entity 'viruses' named entity 'humans' named entity 'temperature' named entity 'cells' named entity 'SUGGEST' named entity 'OBSERVATIONS' named entity 'EXAMPLE' named entity 'INFECT' named entity 'TYPES' named entity 'INFECTED' named entity 'PARAINFLUENZA VIRUS' named entity 'COLD' named entity 'DEGREE' named entity 'THEIR' named entity 'panel' named entity 'parainfluenza virus' named entity 'IMs' named entity 'inflammatory mediators' named entity 'represents' named entity 'coxsackie A virus' named entity 'complications' named entity 'studies' named entity 'RSV' named entity 'parainfluenza virus' named entity 'signs, symptoms' named entity 'infection' named entity 'Viruses' named entity 'nasal mucosa' named entity 'rhinovirus' named entity 'adenovirus' named entity 'viruses' named entity 'mucosa' named entity 'Sinusitis' named entity 'viral infection' named entity 'TNF-α' named entity 'IL-6' named entity 'cytokine' named entity 'allergic rhinitis' named entity 'hypersecretion' named entity 'chemotaxis' named entity 'TNF-α' named entity 'vascular permeability' named entity 'stem cell' named entity 'signs and symptoms' named entity 'sneezing' named entity 'sequelae' named entity 'chemoattractants' named entity 'infection' named entity 'cytokine' named entity 'parasympathetic' named entity 'neutrophil' named entity 'T-cell' named entity 'inflammation' named entity 'paracrine' named entity 'sinus ostia' named entity 'nitric oxide' named entity 'epithelial cells' named entity 'infection' named entity 'cellular adhesion' named entity 'vascular permeability' named entity 'lymphocytes' named entity 'IL-1ra' named entity 'sneezing' named entity 'mice' named entity 'knockout mouse' named entity 'eustachian tube' named entity 'cytokines' named entity 'histamine' named entity 'basophils' named entity 'protein' named entity 'neutrophils' named entity 'immunoglobulin' named entity 'cough' named entity 'rhinitis' named entity 'neurons' named entity 'IL-1' named entity 'chronic sinusitis'

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