About: Epithelial injury and interstitial fibrosis in the proximal alveolar regions of rats chronically exposed to a simulated pattern of urban ambient ozone

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About: Epithelial injury and interstitial fibrosis in the proximal alveolar regions of rats chronically exposed to a simulated pattern of urban ambient ozone Goto Sponge NotDistinct Permalink

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type	Academic Article research paper schema:ScholarlyArticle
isDefinedBy	Covid-on-the-Web dataset
has title	Epithelial injury and interstitial fibrosis in the proximal alveolar regions of rats chronically exposed to a simulated pattern of urban ambient ozone
Creator	Graham, B Chang, #u Costa, F Crapo, D Grose, J Huang, L.-Y Menache, E Miller, M Stockstill, Y
Source	Elsevier; Medline; PMC
abstract	Abstract Electron microcopic morphometry was used to study the development of lung injury during and after chronic (78 weeks) exposure to a pattern of ozone (O3) designed to simulate high urban ambient concentrations that occur in some environments. The daily exposure regimen consisted of a 13-hr background of 0.06 ppm, an exposure peak that rose from 0.06 to 0.25 ppm, and returned to the background level over a 9-hr period, and 2-hr downtime for maintenance. Rats were exposed for 1, 3, 13, and 78 weeks. Additional groups of rats exposed for 13 or 78 weeks were allowed to recover in filtered clean air for 6 or 17 weeks, respectively. Rats exposed to filtered air for the same lengths of time were used as controls. Samples from proximal alveolar regions and terminal bronchioles were obtained by microdissection. Analysis of the proximal alveolar region revealed a biphasic response. Acute tissue reactions after 1 week of exposure included epithelial inflammation, interstitial edema, interstitial cell hypertrophy, and influx of macrophages. These responses subsided after 3 weeks of exposure. Progressive epithelial and interstitial tissue responses developed with prolonged exposure and included epithelial hyperplasia, fibroblast proliferation, and interstitial matrix accumulation. The epithelial responses involved both type I and type II epithelial cells. Alveolar type I cells increased in number, became thicker, and covered a smaller average surface area. These changes persisted throughout the entire exposure and did not change during the recovery pefiod, indicating the sensitivity of these cells to injury. The main response of type II epithelial cells was cell proliferation. The accumulation of interstitial matrix after chronic exposure consisted of deposition of both increased amounts of basement membrane and collagen fibers. Interstitial matrix accumulation underwent partial recovery during follow-up periods in air; however, the thickening of the basement membrane did not resolve. Analysis of terminal bronchioles showed that short-term exposure to O3 caused a loss of ciliated cells and differentiation of preciliated and Clara cells. The bronchiolar cell population stabilized on continued exposure; however, chronic exposure resulted in structural changes, suggesting injury to both ciliated and Clara cells. We conclude that chronic exposure to low levels of O3 causes epithelial inflammation and interstitial fibrosis in the proximal alveolar region and bronchiolar epithelial cell injury.
has issue date	1992-08-31(xsd:dateTime)
bibo:doi	10.1016/0041-008x(92)90329-q
bibo:pmid	1641858
has license	els-covid
sha1sum (hex)	08ff79f4327d66b3dd0c59694fec7dd0de70df61
schema:url	https://doi.org/10.1016/0041-008x%2892%2990329-q
resource representing a document's title	Epithelial injury and interstitial fibrosis in the proximal alveolar regions of rats chronically exposed to a simulated pattern of urban ambient ozone
has PubMed Central identifier	PMC7130134
has PubMed identifier	1641858
schema:publication	Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
resource representing a document's body	covid:08ff79f4327d66b3dd0c59694fec7dd0de70df61#body_text
is schema:about of	named entity 'RATS' named entity 'Simulated' named entity 'Ozone' named entity 'INJURY' named entity 'PAT' named entity 'NORTH CAROLINA' named entity 'EPITHELIAL' named entity 'ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION' named entity 'AMBIENT' named entity 'OZONE' named entity 'RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK' named entity 'EXPOSED TO' named entity 'PROXIMAL' named entity 'INTERSTITIAL FIBROSIS' named entity 'TERN' named entity 'CHRONICALLY' named entity 'SIMULATED' named entity 'URBAN' named entity 'REGIONS' named entity 'lung volume' named entity 'basement membrane' named entity 'pollutant' named entity 'macrophages' named entity 'Epithelial' named entity 'Interstitial Fibrosis' named entity 'Proximal' named entity 'Ozone' named entity 'collagen' named entity 'morphometric' named entity 'control group' named entity 'endothelial' named entity 'ciliated cells' named entity 'Lungs' named entity '0.01' named entity 'inflammatory mediators' named entity 'surface area' named entity 'basement membrane' named entity 'U.S. Environmental Protection Agency' named entity 'cell-surface' named entity 'statistically significant' named entity 'ascorbate' named entity 'epithelium' named entity '0.01' named entity 'terminal bronchioles' named entity 'epithelium' named entity 'alveolar cell' named entity 'alveolar duct' named entity 'edema' named entity 'basement membrane' named entity 'lung tissue' named entity 'epithelial' named entity 'long duration' named entity 'inhalation' named entity 'long-term' named entity 'Analysis of variance' named entity 'alveolar duct' named entity 'ppm' named entity 'ciliated cells' named entity 'forced vital capacity' named entity 'cilia' named entity 'total lung capacity' named entity '2.25' named entity 'epithelial cell' named entity 'collagen fibers' named entity 'Toxicology' named entity 'alveolar macrophage' named entity 'inhalation' named entity 'alveolar ducts' named entity 'proximal' named entity 'clean air' named entity 'interstitium' named entity 'trachea' named entity 'asbestos fibers'

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