About: Infectious, inflammatory and ‘autoimmune’ male factor infertility: how do rodent models inform clinical practice?

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An Entity of Type : schema:ScholarlyArticle, within Data Space : wasabi.inria.fr associated with source document(s)

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type	Academic Article research paper schema:ScholarlyArticle
isDefinedBy	Covid-on-the-Web dataset
has title	Infectious, inflammatory and ‘autoimmune’ male factor infertility: how do rodent models inform clinical practice?
Creator	Bhushan, Sudhanshu Fijak, Monika Meinhardt, Andreas Michel, Vera Nicolas, Nour Pilatz, Adrian Schuppe, Hans-Christian Hedger, Mark Tung, Kenneth
Source	Medline; PMC
abstract	BACKGROUND: Infection and inflammation of the reproductive tract are significant causes of male factor infertility. Ascending infections caused by sexually transmitted bacteria or urinary tract pathogens represent the most frequent aetiology of epididymo-orchitis, but viral, haematogenous dissemination is also a contributory factor. Limitations in adequate diagnosis and therapy reflect an obvious need for further understanding of human epididymal and testicular immunopathologies and their contribution to infertility. A major obstacle for advancing our knowledge is the limited access to suitable tissue samples. Similarly, the key events in the inflammatory or autoimmune pathologies affecting human male fertility are poorly amenable to close examination. Moreover, the disease processes generally have occurred long before the patient attends the clinic for fertility assessment. In this regard, data obtained from experimental animal models and respective comparative analyses have shown promise to overcome these restrictions in humans. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE: This narrative review will focus on male fertility disturbances caused by infection and inflammation, and the usefulness of the most frequently applied animal models to study these conditions. SEARCH METHODS: An extensive search in Medline database was performed without restrictions until January 2018 using the following search terms: ‘infection’ and/or ‘inflammation’ and ‘testis’ and/or ‘epididymis’, ‘infection’ and/or ‘inflammation’ and ‘male genital tract’, ‘male infertility’, ‘orchitis’, ‘epididymitis’, ‘experimental autoimmune’ and ‘orchitis’ or ‘epididymitis’ or ‘epididymo-orchitis’, antisperm antibodies’, ‘vasectomy’. In addition to that, reference lists of primary and review articles were reviewed for additional publications independently by each author. Selected articles were verified by each two separate authors and discrepancies discussed within the team. OUTCOMES: There is clear evidence that models mimicking testicular and/or epididymal inflammation and infection have been instructive in a better understanding of the mechanisms of disease initiation and progression. In this regard, rodent models of acute bacterial epididymitis best reflect the clinical situation in terms of mimicking the infection pathway, pathogens selected and the damage, such as fibrotic transformation, observed. Similarly, animal models of acute testicular and epididymal inflammation using lipopolysaccharides show impairment of reproduction, endocrine function and histological tissue architecture, also seen in men. Autoimmune responses can be studied in models of experimental autoimmune orchitis (EAO) and vasectomy. In particular, the early stages of EAO development showing inflammatory responses in the form of peritubular lymphocytic infiltrates, thickening of the lamina propria of affected tubules, production of autoantibodies against testicular antigens or secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators, replicate observations in testicular sperm extraction samples of patients with ‘mixed atrophy’ of spermatogenesis. Vasectomy, in the form of sperm antibodies and chronic inflammation, can also be studied in animal models, providing valuable insights into the human response. WIDER IMPLICATIONS: This is the first comprehensive review of rodent models of both infectious and autoimmune disease of testis/epididymis, and their clinical implications, i.e. their importance in understanding male infertility related to infectious and non-infectious/autoimmune disease of the reproductive organs.
has issue date	2018-04-10(xsd:dateTime)
bibo:doi	10.1093/humupd/dmy009
bibo:pmid	29648649
has license	bronze-oa
sha1sum (hex)	0f83acd425d071c52a88d93eae28c2e68ea36c13
schema:url	https://doi.org/10.1093/humupd/dmy009
resource representing a document's title	Infectious, inflammatory and ‘autoimmune’ male factor infertility: how do rodent models inform clinical practice?
has PubMed Central identifier	PMC6016649
has PubMed identifier	29648649
schema:publication	Human Reproduction Update
resource representing a document's body	covid:0f83acd425d071c52a88d93eae28c2e68ea36c13#body_text
is schema:about of	named entity 'INFERTILITY' named entity 'INFLAMMATORY' named entity 'HUMAN DISEASE' named entity 'OBVIOUS' named entity 'ATTENDS' named entity 'BACTERIA ' named entity 'BACKGROUND' named entity 'INFLAMMATION' named entity 'REGARD' named entity 'AUTOIMMUNE' named entity 'INFERTILITY' named entity 'GENERALLY' named entity 'MALE' named entity 'OCCURRED' covid:arg/0f83acd425d071c52a88d93eae28c2e68ea36c13 named entity '80%' named entity 'ADVANCING' named entity 'SEQUELAE' named entity 'TESTICULAR' named entity 'FERTILITY ASSESSMENT' named entity 'MALE FERTILITY' named entity 'SIGNIFICANT' named entity 'MODELS' named entity 'EPIDIDYMAL' named entity 'DISSEMINATION' named entity 'AETIOLOGY' named entity 'BUT' named entity 'EPIDIDYMO-ORCHITIS' named entity 'DIAGNOSIS' named entity 'ASCENDING' named entity 'FACTOR' named entity 'PATIENT' named entity 'INFECTION' named entity 'LIMITATIONS' named entity 'REFLECT' named entity 'MALE' named entity 'LINKING' named entity 'CLOSE' named entity 'SUITABLE' named entity 'THEIR' named entity 'UNDERSTANDING' named entity 'MODELS' named entity 'HOW' named entity 'VIRAL' named entity 'REPRODUCTIVE TRACT' named entity 'DATA' named entity 'SAMPLES' named entity 'HAVE' named entity 'OBSTACLE' named entity 'EVENTS' named entity 'REPRESENT' named entity 'THESE' named entity 'CONCLUSIONS' named entity 'SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED' named entity 'URINARY TRACT' named entity 'OVERCOME' named entity 'EXAMINATION' named entity 'DISEASE' named entity 'INFECTIONS' named entity 'CLINIC' named entity 'CONTRIBUTION' named entity 'A MAJOR' named entity 'AFFECTING' named entity 'RODENT' named entity 'INFECTIOUS' named entity 'LONG BEFORE' named entity 'OUR' named entity 'INFLAMMATORY' named entity 'ANIMAL MODELS ' named entity 'FUTURE' named entity 'ADEQUATE' named entity 'PROMISE' named entity 'VASECTOMY'

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