About: Disparate on-site access to water, sanitation, and food storage heighten the risk of COVID-19 spread in Sub-Saharan Africa

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About: Disparate on-site access to water, sanitation, and food storage heighten the risk of COVID-19 spread in Sub-Saharan Africa Goto Sponge NotDistinct Permalink

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Attributes	Values
type	Academic Article research paper schema:ScholarlyArticle
isDefinedBy	Covid-on-the-Web dataset
has title	Disparate on-site access to water, sanitation, and food storage heighten the risk of COVID-19 spread in Sub-Saharan Africa
Creator	Quansah, Reginald Afitiri, Abdul-Rahaman Armah, Frederick Ekumah, Bernard Nyieku, Florence Odoi, Justice Owusu, Samuel Yawson, David Afitiri, J Afitri, Abdul-Rahaman Armah, F Ekumah, B Quansah, R
Source	Elsevier; PMC
abstract	COVID-19 is an active pandemic that likely poses an existential threat to humanity. Frequent handwashing, social distancing, and partial or total lockdowns are among the suite of measures prescribed by the World Health Organization (WHO) and being implemented across the world to contain the pandemic. However, existing inequalities in access to certain basic necessities of life (water, sanitation facility, and food storage) create layered vulnerabilities to COVID-19 and can render the preventive measures ineffective or simply counterproductive. We hypothesized that individuals in households without any of the named basic necessities of life are more likely to violate the preventive (especially lockdown) measures and thereby increase the risk of infection or aid the spread of COVID-19. Based on nationally-representative data for 25 sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries, multivariate statistical and geospatial analyses were used to investigate whether, and to what extent, household family structure is associated with in-house access to basic needs which, in turn, could reflect on a higher risk of COVID-19 infection. The results indicate that approximately 46% of the sampled households in these countries (except South Africa) did not have in-house access to any of the three basic needs and about 8% had access to all the three basic needs. Five countries had less than 2% of their households with in-house access to all three basic needs. Ten countries had over 50% of their households with no in-house access to all the three basic needs. There is a social gradient in in-house access between the rich and the poor, urban and rural richest, male- and female-headed households, among others. We conclude that SSA governments would need to infuse innovative gender- and age-sensitive support services (such as water supply, portable sanitation) to augment the preventive measures prescribed by the WHO. Short-, medium- and long-term interventions within and across countries should necessarily address the upstream, midstream and downstream determinants of in-house access and the full spectrum of layers of inequalities including individual, interpersonal, institutional, and population levels.
has issue date	2020-07-19(xsd:dateTime)
bibo:doi	10.1016/j.envres.2020.109936
has license	no-cc
sha1sum (hex)	25d8796cbcce43bd456e75baff735fc7439ac4ae
schema:url	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2020.109936
resource representing a document's title	Disparate on-site access to water, sanitation, and food storage heighten the risk of COVID-19 spread in Sub-Saharan Africa
has PubMed Central identifier	PMC7368919
schema:publication	Environ Res
resource representing a document's body	covid:25d8796cbcce43bd456e75baff735fc7439ac4ae#body_text
is schema:about of	named entity 'However' named entity 'poses' named entity 'sub-Saharan African' named entity 'COVID' named entity 'food storage' named entity 'INCREASE' named entity 'LIFE' named entity 'COVID-19' named entity 'RISK OF INFECTION' named entity 'REFLECT' named entity 'WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION' named entity 'sanitation' named entity 'extent' named entity 'preventive' named entity 'pandemic' named entity 'risk' named entity 'layered' named entity 'risk' named entity 'geospatial analyses' named entity 'WHO' named entity 'SSA' named entity 'COVID' named entity 'food storage' named entity 'on-site' named entity 'COVID' named entity 'DHS' named entity 'urbanicity' named entity 'cardiovascular disease' named entity 'Chi-square test' named entity 'poverty reduction strategies' named entity 'statistically significant' named entity 'future pandemics' named entity 'higher risk' named entity 'COVID' named entity 'improved sanitation' named entity 'cost-effective' named entity 'global population' named entity 'urban areas' named entity 'SSA' named entity 'South Africa' named entity 'SSA' named entity 'level of significance' named entity 'Senegal' named entity 'level of significance' named entity 'SSA' named entity 'Demographic and Health Surveys' named entity 'Zimbabwe' named entity 'water and sanitation' named entity 'SSA' named entity 'COVID' named entity 'safe water' named entity 'health care facilities' named entity 'DHS' named entity 'quarantine' named entity 'COVID-19' named entity 'sanitation' named entity 'SSA' named entity 'dependent variable' named entity 'COVID' named entity 'Demographic and Health Surveys' named entity 'severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2' named entity 'COVID' named entity 'Wenham' named entity 'statistically significant' named entity 'urbanicity' named entity 'SSA' named entity 'SSA' named entity 'COVID' named entity 'Armah' named entity 'COVID' named entity 'heterogeneity'

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