About: Self-rated smell ability enables highly specific predictors of COVID-19 status: a case control study in Israel

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About: Self-rated smell ability enables highly specific predictors of COVID-19 status: a case control study in Israel Goto Sponge NotDistinct Permalink

An Entity of Type : schema:ScholarlyArticle, within Data Space : wasabi.inria.fr associated with source document(s)

Attributes	Values
type	Academic Article research paper schema:ScholarlyArticle
isDefinedBy	Covid-on-the-Web dataset
has title	Self-rated smell ability enables highly specific predictors of COVID-19 status: a case control study in Israel
Creator	Smith, Robert Nir-Paz, Ran Asseo, Kim Benjamini, Yuval Hershko, Alon Israel, Sarah Karni, Noam Klein, Hadar Muszkat, Muszkat, Mordechai Nimri, Musa Niv, Masha Olstein, Keren
Source	MedRxiv
abstract	Background: Clinical diagnosis of COVID-19 poses an enormous challenge to early detection and prevention of COVID-19, which is of crucial importance for pandemic containment. Cases of COVID-19 may be hard to distinguish clinically from other acute viral diseases, resulting in an overwhelming load of laboratory screening. Sudden onset of taste and smell loss emerge as hallmark of COVID-19. The optimal ways for including these symptoms in the screening of suspected COVID-19 patients should now be established. Methods: We performed a case-control study on patients that were PCR-tested for COVID-19 (112 positive and 112 negative participants), recruited during the first wave (March 2020 - May 2020) of COVID-19 pandemic in Israel. Patients were interviewed by phone regarding their symptoms and medical history and were asked to rate their olfactory and gustatory ability before and during their illness on a 1-10 scale. Prevalence and degrees of symptoms were calculated, and odds ratios were estimated. Symptoms-based logistic-regression classifiers were constructed and evaluated on a hold-out set. Results: Changes in smell and taste occurred in 68% (95% CI 60%-76%) and 72% (64%-80%), of positive patients, with 24 (11-53 range) and 12 (6-23) respective odds ratios. The ability to smell was decreased by 0.5 {+/-} 1.5 in negatives, and by 4.5 {+/-} 3.6 in positives, and to taste by 0.4 {+/-} 1.5 and 4.9 {+/-} 3.8, respectively (mean {+/-} SD). A penalized logistic regression classifier based on 5 symptoms (degree of smell change, muscle ache, lack of appetite, fever, and a negatively contributing sore throat), has 66% sensitivity, 97% specificity and an area under the ROC curve of 0.83 (AUC) on a hold-out set. A classifier based on degree of smell change only is almost as good, with 66% sensitivity, 97% specificity and 0.81 AUC. Under the assumption of 8% positives among those tested, the predictive positive value (PPV) of this classifier is 0.68 and negative predictive value (NPV) is 0.97. Conclusions: Self-reported quantitative olfactory changes, either alone or combined with other symptoms, provide a specific and powerful tool for clinical diagnosis of COVID-19. The applicability of this tool for prioritizing COVID-19 laboratory testing is facilitated by a simple calculator presented here.
has issue date	2020-08-01(xsd:dateTime)
bibo:doi	10.1101/2020.07.30.20164327
has license	medrxiv
sha1sum (hex)	3b2bdb3169245a06f91b2bcec1cc228eb52ab1dd
schema:url	https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.30.20164327
resource representing a document's title	Self-rated smell ability enables highly specific predictors of COVID-19 status: a case control study in Israel
resource representing a document's body	covid:3b2bdb3169245a06f91b2bcec1cc228eb52ab1dd#body_text
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