About: Tumor-Treating Fields Induce RAW264.7 Macrophage Activation Via NK-κB/MAPK Signaling Pathways

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About: Tumor-Treating Fields Induce RAW264.7 Macrophage Activation Via NK-κB/MAPK Signaling Pathways Goto Sponge NotDistinct Permalink

An Entity of Type : schema:ScholarlyArticle, within Data Space : wasabi.inria.fr associated with source document(s)

Attributes	Values
type	Academic Article research paper schema:ScholarlyArticle
isDefinedBy	Covid-on-the-Web dataset
has title	Tumor-Treating Fields Induce RAW264.7 Macrophage Activation Via NK-κB/MAPK Signaling Pathways
Creator	Ahn, Jiyeon Hwang, Sang-Gu Jung, Seung-Youn Kim, Joon Park, Jeong-In Song, Jie-Young Song, Kyung-Hee Kim, Eun
topic	covid:3b8b2a835cfa770c6cef711d52e1f1e869d8aca8#this
Source	PMC
abstract	OBJECTIVE: Tumor-treating fields are currently used to successfully treat various cancers; however, the specific pathways associated with its efficacy remain unknown in the immune responses. Here, we evaluated tumor-treating fields–mediated initiation of the macrophage-specific immune response. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We subjected RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages to clinically relevant levels of tumor-treating fields (0.9 V/cm, 150 kHz) and evaluated alterations in cytokine expression and release, as well as cell viability. Additionally, we investigated the status of immunomodulatory pathways to determine their roles in tumor-treating fields–mediated immune activation. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Our results indicated that tumor-treating fields treatment at 0.9 V/cm decreased cell viability and increased cytokine messenger RNA/protein levels, as well as levels of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species, relative to controls. The levels of tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 1β, and interleukin 6 were markedly increased in tumor-treating fields–treated RAW 264.7 cells cocultured with 4T1 murine mammary carcinoma cells compared with those in 4T1 or RAW 264.7 cells with or without tumor-treating fields treatment. Moreover, the viability of 4T1 cells treated with the conditioned medium of tumor-treating fields–stimulated RAW 264.7 cells decreased, indicating that macrophage activation by tumor-treating fields effectively killed the tumor cells. Moreover, tumor-treating fields treatment activated the nuclear factor κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways involved in immunomodulatory signaling. CONCLUSION: These results provide critical insights into the mechanisms through which tumor-treating fields affect macrophage-specific immune responses and the efficacy of this method for cancer treatment.
has issue date	2019-08-11(xsd:dateTime)
bibo:doi	10.1177/1533033819868225
bibo:pmid	31401938
has license	cc-by-nc
sha1sum (hex)	3b8b2a835cfa770c6cef711d52e1f1e869d8aca8
schema:url	https://doi.org/10.1177/1533033819868225
resource representing a document's title	Tumor-Treating Fields Induce RAW264.7 Macrophage Activation Via NK-κB/MAPK Signaling Pathways
has PubMed Central identifier	PMC6691660
has PubMed identifier	31401938
schema:publication	Technol Cancer Res Treat
resource representing a document's body	covid:3b8b2a835cfa770c6cef711d52e1f1e869d8aca8#body_text
is http://vocab.deri.ie/void#inDataset of	proxy:http/ns.inria.fr/covid19/3b8b2a835cfa770c6cef711d52e1f1e869d8aca8
is schema:about of	named entity 'INCREASED' named entity 'USED' named entity 'INVOLVED' named entity 'CONCLUSION' named entity 'MARKEDLY' named entity 'INVESTIGATED' named entity 'OBJECTIVE' named entity 'THEIR' named entity 'TUMOR' named entity 'CRITICAL' named entity 'DETERMINE' named entity 'INSIGHTS' named entity '4T1' named entity 'METHODS' named entity 'SPECIFIC IMMUNE RESPONSE' named entity 'UNKNOWN' named entity 'THESE' named entity 'KILLED' named entity 'STIMULATED' named entity 'COMPARED' named entity 'CELL VIABILITY' named entity 'MACROPHAGES' named entity 'MAMMARY CARCINOMA' named entity 'IMMUNOMODULATORY' named entity 'RELEASE' named entity 'INITIATION' named entity 'ALTERATIONS' named entity 'RAW 264.7' named entity 'EVALUATED' named entity 'MECHANISMS' named entity 'TREATED' named entity 'METHOD' named entity 'fields' named entity 'compared' named entity 'fields' named entity 'determine' named entity 'mitogen-activated protein kinase' named entity 'The levels' named entity 'Via' named entity 'RAW264.7' named entity 'SIGNALING PATHWAYS' named entity 'TREATING' named entity 'CARCINOMA CELLS' named entity 'CANCERS' named entity 'CELLS' named entity 'TUMOR' named entity 'CURRENTLY' named entity 'MESSENGER RNA' named entity 'CYTOKINE EXPRESSION' named entity 'FACTOR' named entity 'IMMUNE RESPONSES' named entity 'AFFECT' named entity 'RELATIVE TO' named entity 'DECREASED CELL VIABILITY' named entity 'MACROPHAGE' named entity 'INDUCE' named entity 'TREATING' named entity 'MACROPHAGE ACTIVATION' named entity 'TREATMENT' named entity 'SIGNALING' named entity 'INTERLEUKIN 1B' named entity '150' named entity 'PROVIDE' named entity 'DECREASED' named entity 'MEDIATED' named entity 'TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ' named entity 'ASSOCIATED WITH' named entity 'REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES' named entity 'INDICATED' named entity '0.9' named entity 'VIABILITY' named entity 'EFFICACY'

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