About: Comparative Genomic Analysis of Rapidly Evolving SARS-CoV-2 Reveals Mosaic Pattern of Phylogeographical Distribution

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An Entity of Type : schema:ScholarlyArticle, within Data Space : wasabi.inria.fr associated with source document(s)

Attributes	Values
type	Academic Article research paper schema:ScholarlyArticle
isDefinedBy	Covid-on-the-Web dataset
title	Comparative Genomic Analysis of Rapidly Evolving SARS-CoV-2 Reveals Mosaic Pattern of Phylogeographical Distribution
Creator	Lal, Rup Verma, Mansi Kumari, Rashmi Anand, Shailly Gupta, Vipin Hira, Princy Kumar, Roshan Nagar, Shekhar Nayyar, Namita Negi, Ram Singh, Mona Singh, Yogendra Singhvi, Nirjara Sood, Utkarsh Talwar, Chandni Verma, Helianthous Dogra, Charu
source	Medline; PMC
abstract	The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that started in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 has spread worldwide, emerging as a global pandemic. The severe respiratory pneumonia caused by novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has so far claimed more than 0.38 million lives and has impacted human lives worldwide. However, as the novel SARS-CoV-2 virus displays high transmission rates, the underlying genomic severity is required to be fully understood. We studied the complete genomes of 95 SARS-CoV-2 strains from different geographical regions worldwide to uncover the pattern of the spread of the virus. We show that there is no direct transmission pattern of the virus among neighboring countries, suggesting that its spread is a result of travel of infected humans to different countries. We revealed unique single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in nonstructural protein 13 (nsp13), nsp14, nsp15, and nsp16 (ORF1b polyproteins) and in the S-protein within 10 viral isolates from the United States. These viral proteins are involved in RNA replication and binding with the human receptors, indicating that the viral variants that are circulating in the population of the United States are different from those circulating in the populations of other countries. In addition, we found an amino acid addition in nsp16 (mRNA cap-1 methyltransferase) of a U.S. isolate (GenBank accession no. MT188341.1) leading to a shift in the amino acid frame from position 2540 onward. Through comparative structural analysis of the wild-type and mutant proteins, we showed that this addition of a phenylalanine residue renders the protein in the mutant less stable, which might affect mRNA cap-1 methyltransferase function. We further analyzed the SARS-CoV-2–human interactome, which revealed that the interferon signaling pathway is targeted by orf1ab during infection and that it also interacts with NF-κB-repressing factor (NKRF), which is a potential regulator of interleukin-8 (IL-8). We propose that targeting this interaction may subsequently improve the health condition of COVID-19 patients. Our analysis also emphasized that SARS-CoV-2 manipulates spliceosome machinery during infection; hence, targeting splicing might affect viral replication. In conclusion, the replicative machinery of SARS-CoV-2 is targeting interferon and the notch signaling pathway along with spliceosome machinery to evade host challenges. IMPORTANCE The COVID-19 pandemic continues to storm the world, with over 6.5 million cases worldwide. The severity of the disease varies with the territories and is mainly influenced by population density and age factor. In this study, we analyzed the transmission pattern of 95 SARS-CoV-2 genomes isolated from 11 different countries. Our study also revealed several nonsynonymous mutations in ORF1b and S-proteins and the impact on their structural stability. Our analysis showed the manipulation of host system by viral proteins through SARS-CoV-2–human protein interactome, which can be useful to understand the impact of virus on human health.
has issue date	2020-07-28(xsd:dateTime)
bibo:doi	10.1128/msystems.00505-20
bibo:pmid	32723797
has license	cc-by
sha1sum (hex)	410b74f8bd5964c4a7c32a6e285eac96aeed557d
schema:url	https://doi.org/10.1128/msystems.00505-20
resource representing a document's title	Comparative Genomic Analysis of Rapidly Evolving SARS-CoV-2 Reveals Mosaic Pattern of Phylogeographical Distribution
has PubMed Central identifier	PMC7394360
has PubMed identifier	32723797
schema:publication	mSystems
resource representing a document's body	covid:410b74f8bd5964c4a7c32a6e285eac96aeed557d#body_text
is schema:about of	named entity 'MORE THAN' named entity 'SIGNALING PATHWAY' named entity 'FACTOR' named entity 'IS A' named entity 'COMPLETE' named entity 'NSP14' named entity 'HEALTH CONDITION' named entity 'HUMAN' named entity 'NOTCH SIGNALING PATHWAY' named entity 'MILLION' named entity 'POLYPROTEINS' named entity 'SEVERE' named entity 'METHYLTRANSFERASE' covid:arg/410b74f8bd5964c4a7c32a6e285eac96aeed557d named entity 'human health' named entity 'protein' named entity 'SARS-CoV-2' named entity 'NKRF' named entity 'SARS-CoV-2 virus' named entity 'interactome' named entity 'interactome' named entity 'SNPs' named entity 'SARS-CoV-2' named entity 'United States' named entity 'pneumonia' named entity 'structural analysis' named entity 'interleukin-8' named entity 'nonsynonymous' named entity 'methyltransferase' named entity 'global pandemic' named entity 'spliceosome' named entity 'SARS-CoV-2' named entity 'COVID' named entity 'SARS-CoV' named entity 'ribose' named entity 'Phylogenetic' named entity 'hypoxic conditions' named entity 'Brazil' named entity 'PUF60' named entity 'ORFs' named entity 'feces' named entity 'Taiwan' named entity 'IL-6' named entity 'Membrane protein' named entity 'protein' named entity 'COVID-19' named entity 'SARS-CoV-2' named entity 'SARS-CoV-2' named entity 'single nucleotide polymorphism' named entity 'United States' named entity 'wild-type' named entity 'polyprotein' named entity 'phylogeny' named entity 'Sweden' named entity 'China' named entity 'Phylogenomic analysis' named entity 'SARS-CoV-2' named entity 'toxic encephalopathy' named entity 'Viruses' named entity 'Gene ontology' named entity 'epitopes' named entity 'shortest path' named entity 'host cells' named entity 'SARS CoV' named entity 'viral replication'

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