About: Soluble immune checkpoints in cancer: production, function and biological significance

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An Entity of Type : schema:ScholarlyArticle, within Data Space : wasabi.inria.fr associated with source document(s)

Attributes	Values
type	Academic Article research paper schema:ScholarlyArticle
isDefinedBy	Covid-on-the-Web dataset
has title	Soluble immune checkpoints in cancer: production, function and biological significance
Creator	Yang, Yu Chen, Zhuo Xu, Xiang Ao, Xiang Gu, Daqian
Source	PMC
abstract	Immune checkpoints play important roles in immune regulation, and blocking immune checkpoints on the cell membrane is a promising strategy in the treatment of cancer. Based on this, monoclonal antibodies are having much rapid development, such as those against CTLA-4 (cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4) and PD-1 (programmed cell death protein 1).But the cost of preparation of monoclonal antibodies is too high and the therapeutic effect is still under restrictions. Recently, a series of soluble immune checkpoints have been found such as sCTLA-4 (soluble CTLA-4) and sPD-1 (soluble PD-1). They are functional parts of membrane immune checkpoints produced in different ways and can be secreted by immune cells. Moreover, these soluble checkpoints can diffuse in the serum. Much evidence has demonstrated that these soluble checkpoints are involved in positive or negative immune regulation and that changes in their plasma levels affect the development, prognosis and treatment of cancer. Since they are endogenous molecules, they will not induce immunological rejection in human beings, which might make up for the deficiencies of monoclonal antibodies and enhance the utility value of these molecules. Therefore, there is an increasing need for investigating novel soluble checkpoints and their functions, and it is promising to develop relevant therapies in the future. In this review, we describe the production mechanisms and functions of various soluble immune checkpoint receptors and ligands and discuss their biological significance in regard to biomarkers, potential candidate drugs, therapeutic targets, and other topics.
has issue date	2018-11-27(xsd:dateTime)
bibo:doi	10.1186/s40425-018-0449-0
bibo:pmid	30482248
has license	cc-by
sha1sum (hex)	45f0946ab5a6ba94c7724841daef49078ead719e
schema:url	https://doi.org/10.1186/s40425-018-0449-0
resource representing a document's title	Soluble immune checkpoints in cancer: production, function and biological significance
has PubMed Central identifier	PMC6260693
has PubMed identifier	30482248
schema:publication	J Immunother Cancer
resource representing a document's body	covid:45f0946ab5a6ba94c7724841daef49078ead719e#body_text
is schema:about of	named entity 'develop' named entity 'preparation' named entity 'cell membrane' named entity 'development' named entity 'PD-1' named entity 'regard' named entity 'immune' named entity 'soluble' named entity 'TARGETS' named entity 'DRUGS' named entity 'IMMUNOLOGICAL REJECTION' named entity 'ENDOGENOUS' named entity 'PRODUCTION' named entity 'RECEPTORS' named entity 'RECENTLY' named entity 'INCREASING' named entity 'REGARD' named entity 'PLASMA' named entity 'CANCER' named entity 'CTLA-4' named entity 'IMPORTANT' named entity 'IMMUNE' named entity 'NEGATIVE' named entity 'MEMBRANE' named entity 'CELL MEMBRANE' named entity 'BIOLOGICAL' named entity 'CELL DEATH' named entity 'TOO HIGH' named entity 'PROTEIN ' named entity 'potential' named entity 'prognosis' named entity 'CTLA-4' named entity 'antibody' named entity 'CH50' named entity 'B7-H3' named entity 'vectors' named entity 'B7-H3' named entity 'CSF' named entity 'metastasis' named entity 'tumor necrosis factor-α' named entity 'CD28' named entity 'thymidine kinase' named entity 'CH50' named entity 'pleural effusions' named entity 'adenovirus' named entity 'transduce' named entity 'prognosis' named entity 'CD80' named entity 'sPD' named entity 'B7-H1' named entity 'anti-CTLA-4' named entity 'PD-L1' named entity 'DCs' named entity 'molecules' named entity 'future' named entity 'investigating' named entity 'immunological' named entity 'involved' named entity 'molecules' named entity 'blocking' named entity 'promising' named entity 'team constructed' named entity 'NSCLC' named entity 'macrophages' named entity 'TNM' named entity 'ligands' named entity 'clinical findings' named entity 'colorectal cancer' named entity 'mouse models' named entity 'lymphocyte' named entity 'antibodies' named entity 'cancer cells' named entity 'sPD' named entity 'PD-L1' named entity 'mice' named entity 'survival time' named entity 'DNA vaccination'

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