About: Clinical Features and Patient Management of Lujo Hemorrhagic Fever

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An Entity of Type : schema:ScholarlyArticle, within Data Space : wasabi.inria.fr associated with source document(s)

Attributes	Values
type	Academic Article research paper schema:ScholarlyArticle
isDefinedBy	Covid-on-the-Web dataset
has title	Clinical Features and Patient Management of Lujo Hemorrhagic Fever
Creator	Blumberg, Lucille Bausch, Daniel Paweska, Janusz Swanepoel, Robert Richards, Guy Dinh, Thu Duse, Adriano Sewlall, Nivesh
Source	Medline; PMC
abstract	BACKGROUND: In 2008 a nosocomial outbreak of five cases of viral hemorrhagic fever due to a novel arenavirus, Lujo virus, occurred in Johannesburg, South Africa. Lujo virus is only the second pathogenic arenavirus, after Lassa virus, to be recognized in Africa and the first in over 40 years. Because of the remote, resource-poor, and often politically unstable regions where Lassa fever and other viral hemorrhagic fevers typically occur, there have been few opportunities to undertake in-depth study of their clinical manifestations, transmission dynamics, pathogenesis, or response to treatment options typically available in industrialized countries. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We describe the clinical features of five cases of Lujo hemorrhagic fever and summarize their clinical management, as well as providing additional epidemiologic detail regarding the 2008 outbreak. Illness typically began with the abrupt onset of fever, malaise, headache, and myalgias followed successively by sore throat, chest pain, gastrointestinal symptoms, rash, minor hemorrhage, subconjunctival injection, and neck and facial swelling over the first week of illness. No major hemorrhage was noted. Neurological signs were sometimes seen in the late stages. Shock and multi-organ system failure, often with evidence of disseminated intravascular coagulopathy, ensued in the second week, with death in four of the five cases. Distinctive treatment components of the one surviving patient included rapid commencement of the antiviral drug ribavirin and administration of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins), N-acetylcysteine, and recombinant factor VIIa. CONCLUSIONS: Lujo virus causes a clinical syndrome remarkably similar to Lassa fever. Considering the high case-fatality and significant logistical impediments to controlled treatment efficacy trials for viral hemorrhagic fever, it is both logical and ethical to explore the use of the various compounds used in the treatment of the surviving case reported here in future outbreaks. Clinical observations should be systematically recorded to facilitate objective evaluation of treatment efficacy. Due to the risk of secondary transmission, viral hemorrhagic fever precautions should be implemented for all cases of Lujo virus infection, with specialized precautions to protect against aerosols when performing enhanced-risk procedures such as endotracheal intubation.
has issue date	2014-11-13(xsd:dateTime)
bibo:doi	10.1371/journal.pntd.0003233
bibo:pmid	25393244
has license	cc0
sha1sum (hex)	4c2724f183fa34678d36c94f4798a0697602a9e2
schema:url	https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003233
resource representing a document's title	Clinical Features and Patient Management of Lujo Hemorrhagic Fever
has PubMed Central identifier	PMC4230886
has PubMed identifier	25393244
schema:publication	PLoS Negl Trop Dis
resource representing a document's body	covid:4c2724f183fa34678d36c94f4798a0697602a9e2#body_text
is schema:about of	named entity 'CASES' named entity 'HAVE' named entity 'arenavirus' named entity 'viral hemorrhagic fever' named entity 'Lujo virus' named entity 'mechanical ventilation' named entity 'papilledema' named entity 'primary care' named entity 'Johannesburg' named entity 'myocarditis' named entity 'liver disease' named entity 'South Africa' named entity 'leukocytosis' named entity 'infection' named entity 'Lusaka' named entity 'intravascular catheters' named entity 'salmonella' named entity 'intubated' named entity 'brainstem' named entity 'abdominal cramps' named entity 'leukocytosis' named entity 'protective apron' named entity 'recombinant factor VIIa' named entity 'partial thromboplastin time' named entity 'procalcitonin' named entity 'cardiovascular disease' named entity 'vascular wall' named entity 'Neurologic' named entity 'Lujo virus' named entity 'transaminases' named entity 'superinfection' named entity 'Clinical laboratory' named entity 'autoimmune disease' named entity 'fresh frozen plasma' named entity '1, 2' named entity 'mechanical ventilation' named entity 'contact tracing' named entity 'cohort analysis' named entity 'leukocytosis' named entity 'dialysis catheter' named entity 'rash' named entity 'arenavirus' named entity 'packed red blood cells' named entity 'HIV' named entity 'Lassa fever' named entity 'hemorrhage' named entity 'tissue factor' named entity 'organ' named entity 'metabolic acidosis' named entity 'ecchymoses' named entity 'hemorrhagic fevers' named entity 'VHF' named entity 'intubated' named entity 'Lujo virus' named entity 'thrombocytopenia' named entity 'medical evacuation' named entity 'significant bleeding' named entity 'contact tracing' named entity 'infection' named entity 'West Africa' named entity 'tick bite' named entity 'bloody vomiting' named entity 'linezolid' named entity 'Subconjunctival hemorrhage' named entity 'hemophilia' named entity 'outpatient' named entity 'VHF' named entity 'ribavirin' named entity 'peripheral neuropathy' named entity 'Lassa fever' named entity 'rash' named entity 'AIDS' named entity 'ID-1' named entity 'odynophagia'

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