About: Fate of Manure‐Borne Pathogens during Anaerobic Digestion and Solids Separation

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Attributes	Values
type	Academic Article research paper schema:ScholarlyArticle
isDefinedBy	Covid-on-the-Web dataset
has title	Fate of Manure‐Borne Pathogens during Anaerobic Digestion and Solids Separation
Creator	Borchardt, Mark Spencer, Susan Larson, Rebecca Borchardt, Spencer Burch, Tucker
Source	Medline; PMC
abstract	Anaerobic digestion can inactivate zoonotic pathogens present in cattle manure, which reduces transmission of these pathogens from farms to humans through the environment. However, the variability of inactivation across farms and over time is unknown because most studies have examined pathogen inactivation under ideal laboratory conditions or have focused on only one or two full‐scale digesters at a time. In contrast, we sampled seven full‐scale digesters treating cattle manure in Wisconsin for 9 mo on a biweekly basis (n = 118 pairs of influent and effluent samples) and used real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction to analyze these samples for 19 different microbial genetic markers. Overall, inactivation of pathogens and fecal indicators was highly variable. When aggregated across digester and season, log‐removal values for several representative microorganisms—bovine Bacteroides, Bacteroidales‐like CowM3, and bovine polyomavirus—were 0.78 ± 0.34, 0.70 ± 0.50, and 0.53 ± 0.58, respectively (mean ± SD). These log‐removal values were up to two times lower than expected based on the scientific literature. Thus, our study indicates that full‐scale anaerobic digestion of cattle manure requires optimization with regard to pathogen inactivation. Future studies should focus on identifying the potential causes of this suboptimal performance (e.g., overloading, poor mixing, poor temperature control). Our study also examined the fate of pathogens during manure separation and found that the majority of microbes we detected ended up in the liquid fraction of separated manure. This finding has important implications for the transmission of zoonotic pathogens through the environment to humans. CORE IDEAS: Pathogen inactivation is highly variable among full‐scale anaerobic digesters. Pathogen inactivation by full‐scale digesters on cattle farms needs optimization. Most microbes end up in the liquid fraction during solids separation of manure.
has issue date	2018-03-01(xsd:dateTime)
bibo:doi	10.2134/jeq2017.07.0285
bibo:pmid	29634802
has license	no-cc
sha1sum (hex)	555fc4a1e9463c60fe0a55098839226c66e11d45
schema:url	https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2017.07.0285
resource representing a document's title	Fate of Manure‐Borne Pathogens during Anaerobic Digestion and Solids Separation
has PubMed Central identifier	PMC7166490
has PubMed identifier	29634802
schema:publication	J Environ Qual
resource representing a document's body	covid:555fc4a1e9463c60fe0a55098839226c66e11d45#body_text
is schema:about of	named entity 'Pathogens' named entity 'Anaerobic Digestion' named entity 'Rockville' named entity 'mass flow rate' named entity 'Superscript' named entity 'Mannheim' named entity 'Roche Diagnostics' named entity 'TaqMan' named entity 'qPCR' named entity 'Roche Diagnostics' named entity 'Thermocycling' named entity 'cDNA' named entity 'Germany' named entity 'primers' named entity 'mass balance' named entity 'Pathogens' named entity 'Manure' named entity 'Separation' named entity 'Anaerobic Digestion' named entity 'Opportunities' named entity 'Solids' named entity 'SOLIDS' named entity 'MATERIAL' named entity 'FATE' named entity 'Fate' named entity 'Optimization' named entity '3 4' named entity 'SUPPLEMENTAL' named entity 'DIGESTION' named entity 'BORNE' named entity 'ANAEROBIC' named entity 'SEPARATION' named entity 'OPTIMIZATION' named entity 'PATHOGENS' named entity 'MANURE'
is part of of	covid:555fc4a1e9463c60fe0a55098839226c66e11d45#body_text Fate of Manure‐Borne Pathogens during Anaerobic Digestion and Solids Separation Anaerobic digestion can inactivate zoonotic pathogens present in cattle manure, which reduces transmission of these pathogens from farms to humans through the environment. However, the variability of inactivation across farms and over time is unknown because most studies have examined pathogen inactivation under ideal laboratory conditions or have focused on only one or two full‐scale digesters at a time. In contrast, we sampled seven full‐scale digesters treating cattle manure in Wisconsin for 9 mo on a biweekly basis (n = 118 pairs of influent and effluent samples) and used real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction to analyze these samples for 19 different microbial genetic markers. Overall, inactivation of pathogens and fecal indicators was highly variable. When aggregated across digester and season, log‐removal values for several representative microorganisms—bovine Bacteroides, Bacteroidales‐like CowM3, and bovine polyomavirus—were 0.78 ± 0.34, 0.70 ± 0.50, and 0.53 ± 0.58, respectively (mean ± SD). These log‐removal values were up to two times lower than expected based on the scientific literature. Thus, our study indicates that full‐scale anaerobic digestion of cattle manure requires optimization with regard to pathogen inactivation. Future studies should focus on identifying the potential causes of this suboptimal performance (e.g., overloading, poor mixing, poor temperature control). Our study also examined the fate of pathogens during manure separation and found that the majority of microbes we detected ended up in the liquid fraction of separated manure. This finding has important implications for the transmission of zoonotic pathogens through the environment to humans. CORE IDEAS: Pathogen inactivation is highly variable among full‐scale anaerobic digesters. Pathogen inactivation by full‐scale digesters on cattle farms needs optimization. Most microbes end up in the liquid fraction during solids separation of manure.

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