About: The GAIT Translational Control System

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Attributes	Values
type	Academic Article research paper schema:ScholarlyArticle
isDefinedBy	Covid-on-the-Web dataset
has title	The GAIT Translational Control System
Creator	Arif, Abul Jia, Jie Terenzi, Fulvia Yao, Peng Fox, Paul Ray, Partho
Source	Medline; PMC
abstract	The interferon (IFN)-γ-activated inhibitor of translation (GAIT) system directs transcript-selective translational control of functionally-related genes. In myeloid cells, IFN-γ induces formation of a multiprotein GAIT complex that binds structural GAIT elements in the 3' untranslated regions (UTR) of multiple inflammation-related mRNAs, including ceruloplasmin and VEGF-A, and represses their translation. The human GAIT complex is a heterotetramer containing glutamyl-prolyl tRNA synthetase (EPRS), NS1-associated protein 1 (NSAP1), ribosomal protein L13a (L13a), and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH). A network of IFN-γ-stimulated kinases regulates recruitment and assembly of GAIT complex constituents. Activation of Cdk5, mTORC1, and S6K1 kinases induces EPRS release from its parental multi-aminoacyl tRNA synthetase complex to join NSAP1 in a “pre-GAIT” complex. Subsequently, the DAPK-ZIPK kinase axis phosphorylates L13a, inducing release from the 60S ribosomal subunit and binding to GAPDH. The subcomplexes join to form the functional GAIT complex. Each constituent has a distinct role in the GAIT system. EPRS binds the GAIT element in target mRNAs, NSAP1 negatively regulates mRNA binding, L13a binds eIF4G to block ribosome recruitment, and GAPDH shields L13a from proteasomal degradation. The GAIT system is susceptible to genetic and condition-specific regulation. An N-terminus EPRS truncate is a dominant-negative inhibitor ensuring a “translational trickle” of target transcripts. Also, hypoxia and oxidatively-modified lipoproteins regulate GAIT activity. Mouse models exhibiting absent or genetically-modified GAIT complex constituents are beginning to elucidate the physiological role of the GAIT system, particularly in the resolution of chronic inflammation. Finally, GAIT-like systems in proto-chordates suggests an evolutionarily conserved role of the pathway in innate immunity.
has issue date	2017-11-20(xsd:dateTime)
bibo:doi	10.1002/wrna.1441
bibo:pmid	29152905
has license	green-oa
sha1sum (hex)	88570a6aef03be24f89f3c0c49d9f654af2c1240
schema:url	https://doi.org/10.1002/wrna.1441
resource representing a document's title	The GAIT Translational Control System
has PubMed Central identifier	PMC5815886
has PubMed identifier	29152905
schema:publication	Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: RNA
resource representing a document's body	covid:88570a6aef03be24f89f3c0c49d9f654af2c1240#body_text
is schema:about of	named entity 'evolutionarily conserved' named entity 'ceruloplasmin' named entity 'L13a' named entity 'N-terminus' named entity 'L13a' named entity 'models' named entity 'complex' named entity 'genes' named entity 'mTORC1' named entity 'control system' named entity 'CONSERVED' named entity 'ELEMENT' named entity 'CONSTITUENTS' named entity 'SYSTEM' named entity 'EXHIBITING' named entity 'IFN' named entity 'PARENTAL' named entity 'ACTIVATED' named entity 'S6K1' named entity 'ITS' named entity 'HYPOXIA' named entity 'SYSTEMS' named entity 'GAIT' named entity 'IS A' named entity 'GAPDH' named entity 'MODIFIED' named entity 'STRUCTURAL' named entity 'INTERFERON ' named entity 'REGULATE' named entity 'UNTRANSLATED REGIONS' named entity 'untranslated regions' named entity 'activity' named entity 'genetic' named entity 'translation' named entity 'regulates' named entity 'kinase' named entity 'cells' named entity 'degradation' named entity 'translational' named entity 'translational' named entity 'shields' named entity 'genetically modified' named entity 'binding' named entity 'hypoxia' named entity 'synthetase' named entity 'translational' named entity 'mRNAs' named entity 'genetically modified' named entity 'glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase' named entity 'IFN-γ' named entity 'chronic inflammation' named entity 'chordates' named entity 'DAPK' named entity 'GAIT element' named entity 'tRNA synthetase' named entity 'join' named entity 'monocytes' named entity 'transcriptional' named entity 'moiety' named entity 'UTRs' named entity 'Rpl13a' named entity 'oxidatively' named entity 'mRNA' named entity 'rRNA' named entity 'RBP' named entity 'mRNAs' named entity 'codon' named entity 'macrophages' named entity 'sodium sulfate' named entity 'mRNA' named entity 'mTORC1' named entity 'phosphorylated' named entity 'hnRNP A2/B1' named entity 'RNA' named entity 'mRNA' named entity 'ribonucleoprotein'

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