About: Transcriptome of Sphaerospora molnari (Cnidaria, Myxosporea) blood stages provides proteolytic arsenal as potential therapeutic targets against sphaerosporosis in common carp

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About: Transcriptome of Sphaerospora molnari (Cnidaria, Myxosporea) blood stages provides proteolytic arsenal as potential therapeutic targets against sphaerosporosis in common carp Goto Sponge NotDistinct Permalink

An Entity of Type : schema:ScholarlyArticle, within Data Space : wasabi.inria.fr associated with source document(s)

Attributes	Values
type	Academic Article research paper schema:ScholarlyArticle
isDefinedBy	Covid-on-the-Web dataset
has title	Transcriptome of Sphaerospora molnari (Cnidaria, Myxosporea) blood stages provides proteolytic arsenal as potential therapeutic targets against sphaerosporosis in common carp
Creator	Hartigan, Ashlie Holzer, Astrid Kosakyan, Anush Pecková, Hana
Source	PMC
abstract	BACKGROUND: Parasites employ proteases to evade host immune systems, feed and replicate and are often the target of anti-parasite strategies to disrupt these interactions. Myxozoans are obligate cnidarian parasites, alternating between invertebrate and fish hosts. Their genes are highly divergent from other metazoans, and available genomic and transcriptomic datasets are limited. Some myxozoans are important aquaculture pathogens such as Sphaerospora molnari replicating in the blood of farmed carp before reaching the gills for sporogenesis and transmission. Proliferative stages cause a massive systemic lymphocyte response and the disruption of the gill epithelia by spore-forming stages leads to respiratory problems and mortalities. In the absence of a S. molnari genome, we utilized a de novo approach to assemble the first transcriptome of proliferative myxozoan stages to identify S. molnari proteases that are upregulated during the first stages of infection when the parasite multiplies massively, rather than in late spore-forming plasmodia. Furthermore, a subset of orthologs was used to characterize 3D structures and putative druggable targets. RESULTS: An assembled and host filtered transcriptome containing 9436 proteins, mapping to 29,560 contigs was mined for protease virulence factors and revealed that cysteine proteases were most common (38%), at a higher percentage than other myxozoans or cnidarians (25–30%). Two cathepsin Ls that were found upregulated in spore-forming stages with a presenilin like aspartic protease and a dipeptidyl peptidase. We also identified downregulated proteases in the spore-forming development when compared with proliferative stages including an astacin metallopeptidase and lipases (qPCR). In total, 235 transcripts were identified as putative proteases using a MEROPS database. In silico analysis of highly transcribed cathepsins revealed potential drug targets within this data set that should be prioritised for development. CONCLUSIONS: In silico surveys for proteins are essential in drug discovery and understanding host-parasite interactions in non-model systems. The present study of S. molnari’s protease arsenal reveals previously unknown proteases potentially used for host exploitation and immune evasion. The pioneering dataset serves as a model for myxozoan virulence research, which is of particular importance as myxozoan diseases have recently been shown to emerge and expand geographically, due to climate change.
has issue date	2020-06-16(xsd:dateTime)
bibo:doi	10.1186/s12864-020-6705-y
has license	cc-by
sha1sum (hex)	8c365c0931103bf7f4f74e408bf558ab5a254274
schema:url	https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-020-6705-y
resource representing a document's title	Transcriptome of Sphaerospora molnari (Cnidaria, Myxosporea) blood stages provides proteolytic arsenal as potential therapeutic targets against sphaerosporosis in common carp
has PubMed Central identifier	PMC7296530
schema:publication	BMC Genomics
resource representing a document's body	covid:8c365c0931103bf7f4f74e408bf558ab5a254274#body_text
is schema:about of	named entity 'transmission' named entity 'metazoans' named entity 'proteases' named entity 'alternating' named entity 'host' named entity 'massive' named entity 'upregulated' named entity 'immune systems' named entity 'parasite' named entity 'blood' named entity 'proliferative' named entity 'sporogenesis' named entity 'highly' named entity 'proteases' named entity 'genomic' named entity 'disrupt' named entity 'cnidarian' named entity 'Cnidaria' named entity 'myxozoans' named entity 'spore-forming' named entity 'proteases' named entity 'genome' named entity 'sporogenesis' named entity 'Parasites' named entity 'immune systems' named entity 'aquaculture' named entity 'invertebrate' named entity 'proteases' named entity 'epithelia' named entity 'transcriptomic' named entity 'Myxosporea' named entity 'asparagine' named entity 'proteases' named entity 'cDNA' named entity 'Illumina' named entity 'living species' named entity 'proteases' named entity 'isoforms' named entity 'proteases' named entity 'PyMol' named entity 'C. carpio' named entity 'Common Carp' named entity 'drug targets' named entity 'proteolytic' named entity 'myxozoan' named entity 'transcriptome' named entity 'parasite' named entity 'primer' named entity 'cell adhesion' named entity 'chimeric' named entity 'aziridine' named entity 'RNA' named entity 'isoforms' named entity 'vaccines' named entity 'heterozygous' named entity 'transcriptome' named entity 'cathepsins' named entity 'anti-parasitic' named entity 'metallopeptidases' named entity 'presenilin' named entity 'parasite' named entity 'Teladorsagia circumcincta' named entity 'cathepsins' named entity 'cnidarians' named entity 'anti-parasite' named entity 'Sanger sequencing' named entity 'organelle' named entity 'protein sequences' named entity 'myxozoans' named entity 'serine proteases' named entity 'Signal peptide' named entity 'Presenilin' named entity 'cultured fish' named entity 'extracellular' named entity 'K. thyrsites' named entity 'proteomic' named entity 'transmembrane' named entity 'cnidarians' named entity 'moulting' named entity 'parasitic'

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