About: Human coronavirus 229E encodes a single ORF4 protein between the spike and the envelope genes

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About: Human coronavirus 229E encodes a single ORF4 protein between the spike and the envelope genes Goto Sponge NotDistinct Permalink

An Entity of Type : schema:ScholarlyArticle, within Data Space : wasabi.inria.fr associated with source document(s)

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type	Academic Article research paper schema:ScholarlyArticle
isDefinedBy	Covid-on-the-Web dataset
has title	Human coronavirus 229E encodes a single ORF4 protein between the spike and the envelope genes
Creator	Thiel, Volker Berkhout, Ben Dijkman, Ronald Pyrc, Krzysztof Wilbrink, Berry Minor, Philip Jebbink, Maarten Franklin, Sally Van Der Hoek, Lia Zaaijer, Hans
Source	Medline; PMC
abstract	BACKGROUND: The genome of coronaviruses contains structural and non-structural genes, including several so-called accessory genes. All group 1b coronaviruses encode a single accessory protein between the spike and envelope genes, except for human coronavirus (HCoV) 229E. The prototype virus has a split gene, encoding the putative ORF4a and ORF4b proteins. To determine whether primary HCoV-229E isolates exhibit this unusual genome organization, we analyzed the ORF4a/b region of five current clinical isolates from The Netherlands and three early isolates collected at the Common Cold Unit (CCU) in Salisbury, UK. RESULTS: All Dutch isolates were identical in the ORF4a/b region at amino acid level. All CCU isolates are only 98% identical to the Dutch isolates at the nucleotide level, but more closely related to the prototype HCoV-229E (>98%). Remarkably, our analyses revealed that the laboratory adapted, prototype HCoV-229E has a 2-nucleotide deletion in the ORF4a/b region, whereas all clinical isolates carry a single ORF, 660 nt in size, encoding a single protein of 219 amino acids, which is a homologue of the ORF3 proteins encoded by HCoV-NL63 and PEDV. CONCLUSION: Thus, the genome organization of the group 1b coronaviruses HCoV-NL63, PEDV and HCoV-229E is identical. It is possible that extensive culturing of the HCoV-229E laboratory strain resulted in truncation of ORF4. This may indicate that the protein is not essential in cell culture, but the highly conserved amino acid sequence of the ORF4 protein among clinical isolates suggests that the protein plays an important role in vivo.
has issue date	2006-12-28(xsd:dateTime)
bibo:doi	10.1186/1743-422x-3-106
bibo:pmid	17194306
has license	cc-by
sha1sum (hex)	979eb6ed6241fecc3000a963222725a6439b2e19
schema:url	https://doi.org/10.1186/1743-422x-3-106
resource representing a document's title	Human coronavirus 229E encodes a single ORF4 protein between the spike and the envelope genes
has PubMed Central identifier	PMC1774570
has PubMed identifier	17194306
schema:publication	Virol J
resource representing a document's body	covid:979eb6ed6241fecc3000a963222725a6439b2e19#body_text
is schema:about of	named entity 'genome' named entity 'encode' named entity 'genome' named entity 'virus' named entity 'Human coronavirus 229E' named entity 'envelope' named entity 'PROTEIN ' named entity 'ORF4' named entity 'ENVELOPE' named entity 'SPIKE' named entity 'ENVELOPE' named entity 'REGION' named entity 'GENES' named entity 'PROTEIN ' named entity '229E' named entity 'CURRENT' named entity 'DETERMINE' named entity 'UNUSUAL' named entity 'UNIT' named entity '2FB' named entity 'CORONAVIRUSES' named entity 'COMMON COLD' named entity 'EXCEPT FOR' named entity 'GENOME' named entity 'ANALYZED' named entity 'SPLIT' named entity 'NON-' named entity 'HCOV-229E' named entity 'ENCODE' named entity 'ISOLATES' named entity 'EARLY' named entity 'CONTAINS' named entity 'STRUCTURAL GENES' named entity 'PROTEINS' named entity 'INCLUDING' named entity 'VIROLOGY' named entity 'HUMAN CORONAVIRUS 229E' named entity 'GENES' named entity 'JOURNAL ' named entity 'VIRUS' named entity 'PRIMARY' named entity 'SALISBURY' named entity 'HUMAN CORONAVIRUS' named entity 'COLLECTED' named entity 'ACCESSORY' named entity 'PROTOTYPE' named entity 'EXHIBIT' named entity 'GENE' named entity 'SINGLE' named entity 'CLINICAL' named entity 'THE NETHERLANDS' named entity 'GROUP 1B' named entity 'STRUCTURAL' named entity 'SINGLE' named entity 'GENOME ORGANIZATION' named entity 'ENCODING' named entity 'SPIKE' named entity 'ACCESSORY PROTEIN' named entity 'group' named entity 'spike' named entity 'All' named entity 'gene' named entity 'coronaviruses' named entity 'gene' named entity 'cell culture' named entity 'protein sequences' named entity 'nucleotide' named entity 'Phylogenetic analysis' named entity 'FIPV' named entity 'amino acid' named entity 'neighbor-joining method' named entity 'HCoV-229E'

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