About: Safety and potential efficacy of cyclooxygenase‐2 inhibitors in coronavirus disease 2019

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type	Academic Article research paper schema:ScholarlyArticle
isDefinedBy	Covid-on-the-Web dataset
has title	Safety and potential efficacy of cyclooxygenase‐2 inhibitors in coronavirus disease 2019
Creator	Leo, Yee-Sin Chan, Yi-Hao Chien Lye, David Ng, Lisa Young, Barnaby Renia, Laurent Tan, Tze Fong, Siew-Wai Ong, Xiang Wei, Sean Yeong, Wilnard
Source	Medline; PMC
abstract	OBJECTIVES: While the safety of non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs in COVID‐19 has been questioned, they may be beneficial given the hyper‐inflammatory immune response associated with severe disease. We aimed to assess the safety and potential efficacy of cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) selective inhibitors in high‐risk patients. METHODS: Retrospective study of patients with COVID‐19 pneumonia and aged ≥ 50 years who were admitted to hospital. Adverse outcomes analysed included supplemental oxygen use, intensive care unit admission, mechanical ventilation and mortality, with the primary endpoint a composite of any of these. Plasma levels of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines were measured in a subset. RESULTS: Twenty‐two of 168 (13.1%) in the cohort received COX‐2 inhibitors [median duration 3 days, interquartile range (IQR) 3–4.25]. Median age was 61 (IQR 55–67.75), 44.6% were female, and 72.6% had at least one comorbidity. A lower proportion of patients receiving COX‐2 inhibitors met the primary endpoint: 4 (18.2%) versus 57 (39.0%), P = 0.062. This difference was less pronounced after adjusting for baseline difference in age, gender and comorbidities in a multivariate logistic regression model [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 0.45, 95% CI 0.14–1.46]. The level of interleukin‐6 declined after treatment in five of six (83.3%) treatment group patients [compared to 15 of 28 (53.6%) in the control group] with a greater reduction in absolute IL‐6 levels (P‐value = 0.025). CONCLUSION: Treatment with COX‐2 inhibitors was not associated with an increase in adverse outcomes. Its potential for therapeutic use as an immune modulator warrants further evaluation in a large randomised controlled trial.
has issue date	2020-07-26(xsd:dateTime)
bibo:doi	10.1002/cti2.1159
bibo:pmid	32728438
has license	cc-by-nc
sha1sum (hex)	9fcb29b1186b5d9566c78e68a65775ee66f71e12
schema:url	https://doi.org/10.1002/cti2.1159
resource representing a document's title	Safety and potential efficacy of cyclooxygenase‐2 inhibitors in coronavirus disease 2019
has PubMed Central identifier	PMC7382954
has PubMed identifier	32728438
schema:publication	Clin Transl Immunology
resource representing a document's body	covid:9fcb29b1186b5d9566c78e68a65775ee66f71e12#body_text
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