About: Transmissibility of the Ice Bucket Challenge among globally influential celebrities: retrospective cohort study

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type	Academic Article research paper schema:ScholarlyArticle
isDefinedBy	Covid-on-the-Web dataset
title	Transmissibility of the Ice Bucket Challenge among globally influential celebrities: retrospective cohort study
Creator	Ni, Michael Leung, Gabriel Pang, Herbert Lau, Eric Chan, Brandford
source	Medline; PMC
abstract	Objectives To estimate the transmissibility of the Ice Bucket Challenge among globally influential celebrities and to identify associated risk factors. Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting Social media (YouTube, Facebook, Twitter, Instagram). Participants David Beckham, Cristiano Ronaldo, Benedict Cumberbatch, Stephen Hawking, Mark Zuckerberg, Oprah Winfrey, Homer Simpson, and Kermit the Frog were defined as index cases. We included contacts up to the fifth generation seeded from each index case and enrolled a total of 99 participants into the cohort. Main outcome measures Basic reproduction number R(0), serial interval of accepting the challenge, and odds ratios of associated risk factors based on fully observed nomination chains; R(0 )is a measure of transmissibility and is defined as the number of secondary cases generated by a single index in a fully susceptible population. Serial interval is the duration between onset of a primary case and onset of its secondary cases. Results Based on the empirical data and assuming a branching process we estimated a mean R(0) of 1.43 (95% confidence interval 1.23 to 1.65) and a mean serial interval for accepting the challenge of 2.1 days (median 1 day). Higher log (base 10) net worth of the participants was positively associated with transmission (odds ratio 1.63, 95% confidence interval 1.06 to 2.50), adjusting for age and sex. Conclusions The Ice Bucket Challenge was moderately transmissible among a group of globally influential celebrities, in the range of the pandemic A/H1N1 2009 influenza. The challenge was more likely to be spread by richer celebrities, perhaps in part reflecting greater social influence.
has issue date	2014-12-16(xsd:dateTime)
bibo:doi	10.1136/bmj.g7185
bibo:pmid	25514905
has license	cc-by-nc
schema:url	https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.g7185
resource representing a document's title	Transmissibility of the Ice Bucket Challenge among globally influential celebrities: retrospective cohort study
has PubMed Central identifier	PMC4267700
has PubMed identifier	25514905
schema:publication	BMJ
resource representing a document's body	covid:PMC4267700#body_text
is schema:about of	named entity 'GLOBALLY' named entity 'CELEBRITIES' named entity 'ICE' named entity 'CHALLENGE' named entity 'BUCKET' named entity 'RETROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY' named entity 'INFLUENTIAL' named entity 'Wikipedia' named entity 'Instagram' named entity 'confidence intervals' named entity 'index case' named entity 'amyotrophic lateral sclerosis' named entity 'net worth' named entity 'Ice Bucket Challenge' named entity 'Facebook' named entity 'Homer Simpson' named entity 'infectious disease' named entity 'viral phenomena' named entity '1.06' named entity 'Facebook' named entity '440 million' named entity 'social media' named entity 'Facebook' named entity '6.5 million' named entity 'YouTube' named entity 'index case' named entity 'Twitter' named entity 'Twitter' named entity 'base 10' named entity 'Sensitivity analysis' named entity 'Twitter' named entity 'heart throbs' named entity 'Mark Zuckerberg' named entity 'ordinal logistic regression' named entity '2.1' named entity 'Ice Bucket Challenge' named entity 'basic reproduction number' named entity 'net worth' named entity 'net worth' named entity 'viral phenomena' named entity 'Ice Bucket Challenge' named entity 'Twitter' named entity 'Ice Bucket challenge' named entity 'Google' named entity 'Oprah Winfrey' named entity 'R0 estimate' named entity 'Twitter' named entity 'Mark Zuckerberg' named entity 'Facebook' named entity 'Facebook' named entity 'Kermit the Frog' named entity 'epidemiological' named entity 'infection' named entity 'Ice Bucket Challenge' named entity 'Kermit the Frog' named entity 'serial interval' named entity 'Ice Bucket Challenge' named entity 'YouTube' named entity 'net worth' named entity 'confidence interval' named entity 'half day' named entity 'Ice Bucket Challenge' named entity 'epidemic' named entity 'probability' named entity '13 September 2014' named entity 'Ice Bucket Challenge' named entity 'Muppets' named entity 'net worth' named entity 'regression model' named entity 'temporomandibular joint' named entity 'Benedict Cumberbatch' named entity 'odds ratio' named entity 'Facebook' named entity 'epidemic' named entity 'index case' named entity '17 million' named entity 'missing data' named entity 'Wikipedia'

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