About: Universal PCR and antibody testing demonstrate little to no transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in a rural community

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About: Universal PCR and antibody testing demonstrate little to no transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in a rural community Goto Sponge NotDistinct Permalink

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type	Academic Article research paper schema:ScholarlyArticle
isDefinedBy	Covid-on-the-Web dataset
title	Universal PCR and antibody testing demonstrate little to no transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in a rural community
Creator	Rodriguez-Barraquer, Isabel Hackett, John Chiu, Charles Havlir, Diane Takahashi, Saki Deeks, Steven Rodgers, Mary Peluso, Michael Greenhouse, Bryan Henrich, Timothy Manglik, Aashish Torres, Leonel Turcios, Keirstinne Hakim, Jill Appa, Ayesha Chamie, Gabriel Consortium, CLIAHUB Duarte, Elias Janson, Owen Sawyer, Aenor Vinden, Joanna
source	MedRxiv; Medline; PMC
abstract	BACKGROUND: The absence of systematic surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 has curtailed accurate appraisal of transmission intensity. Our objective was to perform case detection of an entire rural community to quantify SARS-CoV-2 transmission using PCR and antibody testing. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of the prevalence and cumulative incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the rural town of Bolinas, California (population 1,620), four weeks following shelter-in-place orders. Residents and county essential workers were tested between April 20(th) - 24(th), 2020. Prevalence by PCR and seroprevalence combining data from two forms of antibody testing were performed in parallel (Abbott ARCHITECT IgG to nucleocapsid protein and in-house IgG ELISA to the receptor binding domain). RESULTS: Of 1,891 participants, 1,312 were confirmed Bolinas residents (>80% community ascertainment). Zero participants were PCR positive. Assuming 80% sensitivity, it would have been unlikely to observe these results (p<0.05) if there were >3 active infections in the community. Based on antibody results, estimated prevalence of prior infection was 0.16% (95% CrI: 0.02%, 0.46%). Seroprevalence estimates using only one of the two tests would have been higher, with greater uncertainty. The positive predictive value (PPV) of a positive result on both tests was 99.11% (95% CrI: 95.75%, 99.94%), compared to PPV 44.19%–63.32% (95% CrI range 3.25%–98.64%) if only one test was utilized. CONCLUSIONS: Four weeks following shelter-in-place, active and prior SARS-CoV-2 infection in a rural Northern California community was extremely rare. In this low prevalence setting, use of two antibody tests increased the PPV and precision of seroprevalence estimates.
has issue date	2020-08-17(xsd:dateTime)
bibo:doi	10.1101/2020.08.15.20175786
bibo:pmid	32839781
has license	cc-by
schema:url	https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.15.20175786
resource representing a document's title	Universal PCR and antibody testing demonstrate little to no transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in a rural community
has PubMed Central identifier	PMC7444294
has PubMed identifier	32839781
schema:publication	medRxiv
resource representing a document's body	covid:PMC7444294#body_text
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