About: Urban Air Pollution May Enhance COVID-19 Case-Fatality and Mortality Rates in the United States

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About: Urban Air Pollution May Enhance COVID-19 Case-Fatality and Mortality Rates in the United States Goto Sponge NotDistinct Permalink

An Entity of Type : schema:ScholarlyArticle, within Data Space : wasabi.inria.fr associated with source document(s)

Attributes	Values
type	Academic Article research paper schema:ScholarlyArticle
isDefinedBy	Covid-on-the-Web dataset
has title	Urban Air Pollution May Enhance COVID-19 Case-Fatality and Mortality Rates in the United States
Creator	Chang, Howard Sarnat, Jeremy Liu, Gao, Song Ebelt, Stefanie Liang, Donghai Liu, Pengfei Schwartz, Joel Shi, Liuhua Zhao, Jingxuan Scd, Noah Scd, Yang Scovronick,
Source	MedRxiv; Medline; PMC
abstract	BACKGROUND: The novel human coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has claimed more than 240,000 lives worldwide, causing tremendous public health, social, and economic damages. While the risk factors of COVID-19 are still under investigation, environmental factors, such as urban air pollution, may play an important role in increasing population susceptibility to COVID-19 pathogenesis. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional nationwide study using zero-inflated negative binomial models to estimate the association between long-term (2010–2016) county-level exposures to NO(2), PM(2.5) and O(3) and county-level COVID-19 case-fatality and mortality rates in the US. We used both single and multipollutant models and controlled for spatial trends and a comprehensive set of potential confounders, including state-level test positive rate, county-level healthcare capacity, phase-of-epidemic, population mobility, sociodemographic, socioeconomic status, behavior risk factors, and meteorological factors. RESULTS: 1,027,799 COVID-19 cases and 58,489 deaths were reported in 3,122 US counties from January 22, 2020 to April 29, 2020, with an overall observed case-fatality rate of 5.8%. Spatial variations were observed for both COVID-19 death outcomes and long-term ambient air pollutant levels. County-level average NO(2) concentrations were positively associated with both COVID-19 case-fatality rate and mortality rate in single-, bi-, and tri-pollutant models (p-values<0.05). Per inter-quartile range (IQR) increase in NO(2) (4.6 ppb), COVID-19 case-fatality rate and mortality rate were associated with an increase of 7.1% (95% CI 1.2% to 13.4%) and 11.2% (95% CI 3.4% to 19.5%), respectively. We did not observe significant associations between long-term exposures to PM(2.5) or O(3) and COVID-19 death outcomes (p-values>0.05), although per IQR increase in PM(2.5) (3.4 ug/m(3)) was marginally associated with 10.8% (95% CI: −1.1% to 24.1%) increase in COVID-19 mortality rate. DISCUSSIONS AND CONCLUSIONS: Long-term exposure to NO(2), which largely arises from urban combustion sources such as traffic, may enhance susceptibility to severe COVID-19 outcomes, independent of long-term PM(2.5) and O(3) exposure. The results support targeted public health actions to protect residents from COVID-19 in heavily polluted regions with historically high NO(2) levels. Moreover, continuation of current efforts to lower traffic emissions and ambient air pollution levels may be an important component of reducing population-level risk of COVID-19 deaths.
has issue date	2020-05-07(xsd:dateTime)
bibo:doi	10.1101/2020.05.04.20090746
bibo:pmid	32511493
has license	cc-by-nc-nd
sha1sum (hex)	c1358cb7e6147e80e39aa8737c9741b574d8ba48
schema:url	https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.04.20090746
resource representing a document's title	Urban Air Pollution May Enhance COVID-19 Case-Fatality and Mortality Rates in the United States
has PubMed Central identifier	PMC7273261
has PubMed identifier	32511493
schema:publication	medRxiv
resource representing a document's body	covid:c1358cb7e6147e80e39aa8737c9741b574d8ba48#body_text
is schema:about of	named entity 'MORE THAN' named entity 'WORLDWIDE' named entity '240' named entity 'susceptibility' named entity 'pathogenesis' named entity 'causing' named entity 'public health' named entity 'Mortality Rates' named entity 'COVID-19' named entity 'United States' named entity 'social' named entity 'nitric oxide' named entity 'COVID-19 pandemic' named entity 'long-term' named entity 'ozone' named entity 'air temperature' named entity 'nitric oxide' named entity 'COVID' named entity 'air pollutants' named entity 'air pollutants' named entity 'urbanicity' named entity 'relative humidity' named entity 'pollutant' named entity 'COVID-19' named entity 'negative binomial' named entity 'medRxiv' named entity 'COVID' named entity 'PM 2.5' named entity '95% CI' named entity 'COVID' named entity 'nitric oxide' named entity 'virus' named entity 'Hubei Province' named entity 'ICU' named entity 'heterogeneity' named entity 'pollutant' named entity 'epidemic' named entity 'COVID' named entity 'pollutant' named entity 'COVID-19' named entity 'ozone' named entity 'statistically significant' named entity 'negative binomial' named entity 'COVID-19 deaths' named entity 'PM 2.5' named entity 'cubic splines' named entity 'SES' named entity 'chronic respiratory diseases' named entity 'air pollutants' named entity 'case-fatality rate' named entity 'Italy' named entity 'population density' named entity 'social distancing' named entity 'negative binomial' named entity 'medRxiv' named entity 'pollutant' named entity 'air pollution' named entity 'Spain' named entity 'particles in the air' named entity 'urban air pollution' named entity 'preprint' named entity 'short-term' named entity 'COVID-19 tests' named entity 'preprint' named entity 'medRxiv' named entity 'reactive oxygen' named entity 'COVID-19' named entity 'preprint' named entity 'China'

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