About: Comparative efficacy of hand hygiene agents in the reduction of bacteria and viruses

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type	Academic Article research paper schema:ScholarlyArticle
isDefinedBy	Covid-on-the-Web dataset
title	Comparative efficacy of hand hygiene agents in the reduction of bacteria and viruses
Creator	Sobsey, Mark Rutala, William Weber, David Hill, Chapel Sickbert-Bennett, Emily Carolina, Durham, North Gergen-Teague, Maria Samsa, Gregory
source	Elsevier; Medline; PMC
abstract	BACKGROUND: Health care-associated infections most commonly result from person-to-person transmission via the hands of health care workers. METHODS: We studied the efficacy of hand hygiene agents (n = 14) following 10-second applications to reduce the level of challenge organisms (Serratia marcescens and MS2 bacteriophage) from the hands of healthy volunteers using the ASTM-E-1174-94 test method. RESULTS: The highest log(10) reductions of S marcescens were achieved with agents containing chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG), triclosan, benzethonium chloride, and the controls, tap water alone and nonantimicrobial soap and water (episode 1 of hand hygiene, 1.60-2.01; episode 10, 1.60-3.63). Handwipes but not alcohol-based handrubs were significantly inferior from these agents after a single episode of hand hygiene, but both groups were significantly inferior after 10 episodes. After a single episode of hand hygiene, alcohol/silver iodide, CHG, triclosan, and benzethonium chloride were similar to the controls in reduction of MS2, but, in general, handwipes and alcohol-based handrubs showed significantly lower efficacy. After 10 episodes, only benzethonium chloride (1.33) performed as well as the controls (1.59-1.89) in the reduction of MS2. CONCLUSIONS: Antimicrobial handwashing agents were the most efficacious in bacterial removal, whereas waterless agents showed variable efficacy. Alcohol-based handrubs compared with other products demonstrated better efficacy after a single episode of hand hygiene than after 10 episodes. Effective hand hygiene for high levels of viral contamination with a nonenveloped virus was best achieved by physical removal with a nonantimicrobial soap or tap water alone.
has issue date	2005-02-23(xsd:dateTime)
bibo:doi	10.1016/j.ajic.2004.08.005
bibo:pmid	15761405
has license	no-cc
sha1sum (hex)	c55673c3552e39001f2e6af8f36b60ca75e6f577
schema:url	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2004.08.005
resource representing a document's title	Comparative efficacy of hand hygiene agents in the reduction of bacteria and viruses
has PubMed Central identifier	PMC7252025
has PubMed identifier	15761405
schema:publication	Am J Infect Control
resource representing a document's body	covid:c55673c3552e39001f2e6af8f36b60ca75e6f577#body_text
is schema:about of	named entity 'hand hygiene' named entity 'infections' named entity 'Health care-associated infections' named entity 'bacteria' named entity 'hand hygiene' named entity 'hand hygiene' named entity 'serially diluted' named entity 'hand hygiene' named entity 'Triclosan' named entity 'CHG' named entity 'infection' named entity '37°C' named entity 'Alcohol' named entity 'CHG' named entity 'nonenveloped' named entity 'hand hygiene' named entity 'hand hygiene' named entity 'antiseptic' named entity 'health care workers' named entity 'cell lysate' named entity 'alcohol' named entity 'organism' named entity 'bacteriophage MS2' named entity 'virus' named entity 'eczema' named entity 'incubation' named entity 'benzalkonium chloride' named entity 'plaque purification' named entity 'MS2 bacteriophage' named entity 'triclosan' named entity 'patient care' named entity 'triclosan' named entity 'rotavirus' named entity 'health care providers' named entity 'benzethonium chloride' named entity 'hand hygiene' named entity 'soap and water' named entity 'alcohol' named entity 'St. Louis' named entity 'alcohol' named entity 'alcohol' named entity 'washed their hands' named entity 'CHG' named entity 'tryptic soy broth' named entity 'hepatitis' named entity 'high levels' named entity 'microbes' named entity 'bacteria' named entity 'triclosan' named entity 'tap water' named entity 'Microsoft' named entity 'health care workers' named entity 'hand hygiene' named entity 'health care personnel' named entity 'bacteria' named entity 'alcohol' named entity 'Handwashing' named entity 'hand hygiene' named entity 'antimicrobial agents' named entity 'Lenexa' named entity 'health care-associated infections' named entity 'hand hygiene' named entity 'lecithin' named entity 'alcohol' named entity 'inoculation' named entity 'inoculation' named entity 'CDC' named entity 'triclosan' named entity 'aerobic' named entity 'handwashing' named entity 'microorganisms' named entity 'PCMX' named entity 'hand hygiene'

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