About: Parasites and their protection against COVID-19- Ecology or Immunology?

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An Entity of Type : schema:ScholarlyArticle, within Data Space : wasabi.inria.fr associated with source document(s)

Attributes	Values
type	Academic Article research paper schema:ScholarlyArticle
isDefinedBy	Covid-on-the-Web dataset
has title	Parasites and their protection against COVID-19- Ecology or Immunology?
Creator	Ellis, Jayne Abuga, Kelvin Bpharm, Kayiira, Anthony Kiragga, Agnes Meya, David Nakate, Vivian Segawa, Ivan Ssebambulidde, Kenneth Tugume, Lillian
Source	MedRxiv
abstract	Background: Despite the high infectivity of SARS-CoV-2, the incidence of COVID-19 in Africa has been slower than predicted. We aimed to investigate a possible association between parasitic infections and COVID-19. Methods: An ecological study in which we analysed WHO data on COVID-19 cases in comparison to WHO data on helminths and malaria cases using correlation, regression, and Geographical Information Services analyses. Results: Of the global 3.34 million COVID-19 cases and 238,628 deaths as at May 4th 2020, Africa reported 0.029/3.3 million (0.88%) cases and 1,064/238,628 (0.45%) deaths. In 2018, Africa reported 213/229 million (93%) of all malaria cases, 204/229 million (89%) of schistosomiasis cases, and 271/1068 million (25%) of soil-transmitted helminth cases globally. In contrast, Europe reported 1.5/3.3 million (45%) of global COVID-19 cases and 142,667/238,628 (59%) deaths. Europe had 5.8/1068 million (0.55%) soil-transmitted helminths cases and no malaria/schistosomiasis cases in 2018. We found an inverse correlation between the incidence of COVID-19 and malaria (r -0.17, p =0.002) and COVID-19 and soil-transmitted helminths (r -0.25, p <0.001). Malaria-endemic countries were less likely to have COVID-19 (OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.29-0.90; p =0.02). Similarly, countries endemic for soil-transmitted helminths were less likely to have COVID-19 (OR 0.24, 95% CI 0.13-0.44; p <0.001), as were countries endemic for schistosomiasis (OR 0.22, 95% CI 0.11-0.45; p<0.001). Conclusions: One plausible hypothesis for the comparatively low COVID-19 cases/deaths in parasite-endemic areas is immunomodulation induced by parasites. Studies to elucidate the relationship between parasitic infections and susceptibility to COVID-19 at an individual level are warranted.
has issue date	2020-05-18(xsd:dateTime)
bibo:doi	10.1101/2020.05.11.20098053
has license	medrxiv
sha1sum (hex)	d858581ccbcbdedf07b1f680e97b400dd2c209ee
schema:url	https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.11.20098053
resource representing a document's title	Parasites and their protection against COVID-19- Ecology or Immunology?
resource representing a document's body	covid:d858581ccbcbdedf07b1f680e97b400dd2c209ee#body_text
is schema:about of	named entity 'COVID-19' named entity 'Parasites' named entity 'PARASITIC' named entity 'SARS-COV-2' named entity 'SLOWER' named entity 'SARS-CoV-2' named entity 'Corresponding' named entity 'COVID' named entity 'Africa' named entity 'Immunology' named entity 'medRxiv' named entity 'malaria' named entity 'Environmental Systems Research Institute' named entity 'preprint' named entity 'COVID' named entity 'preprint' named entity 'Trichuris' named entity 'preprint' named entity 'IFNγ' named entity 'IL-5' named entity 'malaria' named entity 'endemic' named entity 'parasitic infections' named entity 'COVID' named entity 'medRxiv' named entity 'endemic' named entity 'WHO' named entity 'TGF-β' named entity 'Ascaris' named entity 'medRxiv' named entity 'COVID' named entity 'soil-transmitted helminth' named entity 'Africa' named entity 'WHO' named entity 'IL-6' named entity 'preprint' named entity 'non-specific' named entity 'parasitic infections' named entity 'SARS-CoV-2' named entity 'preprint' named entity 'immunoregulatory' named entity 'COVID' named entity 'preprint' named entity 'TNF-α' named entity 'helminth infection' named entity 'neglected tropical diseases' named entity 'malaria' named entity 'ecological study' named entity 'immune response' named entity 'asymptomatic' named entity 'immunopathology' named entity 'preprint' named entity 'medRxiv' named entity 'COVID' named entity 'schistosomiasis' named entity 'excretory' named entity 'endemic areas' named entity 'parasites' named entity 'CC-BY-NC 4.0' named entity 'schistosomiasis' named entity 'pro-inflammatory cytokines' named entity 'life span' named entity 'China' named entity 'malaria' named entity 'immune response' named entity 'preprint' named entity 'STATA' named entity 'preprint' named entity 'Schistosome' named entity 'tumour necrosis factor alpha' named entity 'schistosomiasis' named entity 'COVID' named entity 'BCG vaccination' named entity 'IL-10' named entity 'peer review' named entity 'preprint'

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