About: Implementation of Influenza-like illness Sentinel Surveillance in Togo

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An Entity of Type : schema:ScholarlyArticle, within Data Space : wasabi.inria.fr associated with source document(s)

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type	Academic Article research paper schema:ScholarlyArticle
isDefinedBy	Covid-on-the-Web dataset
title	Implementation of Influenza-like illness Sentinel Surveillance in Togo
Creator	Defang, Gabriel Kennedy, Pamela Badziklou, Kossi Maman, Issaka Halatoko, Afiwa Issa, Zoulkarneiri Kere, Abiba Kossi, Komlan Landoh, Essoya Nzussouo, Talla Tamekloe, Tsidi Thelma, Williams
source	Medline; PMC
abstract	BACKGROUND: The emergence of avian influenza A/H5N1 in 2003 as well as the pandemic influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 highlighted the need to establish influenza sentinel surveillance in Togo. The Ministry of Health decided to introduce Influenza to the list of diseases with epidemic potential. By April 2010, Togo was actively involved in influenza surveillance. This study aims to describe the implementation of ILI surveillance and results obtained from April 2010 to December 2012. METHODS: Two sites were selected based on their accessibility and affordability to patients, their adequate specimen storage capacity and transportation system. Patients with ILI presenting at sentinel sites were enrolled by trained medical staff based on the World Health Organization (WHO) case definitions. Oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal samples were collected and they were tested at the National Influenza Reference Laboratory using a U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) validated real time RT-PCR protocol. Laboratory results and epidemiological data were reported weekly and shared with all sentinel sites, Ministry of Health, Division of Epidemiology, WHO and CDC/NAMRU-3. RESULTS: From April 2010 to December 2012, a total of 955 samples were collected with 52% of the study population aged between 0 and 4 years. Of the 955 samples, 236 (24.7%) tested positive for influenza viruses; with 136 (14.2%) positive for influenza A and 100 (10.5%) positive for influenza B. The highest influenza positive percentage (30%) was observed in 5–14 years old and patients aged 0–4 and >60 years had the lowest percentage (20%). Clinical symptoms such as cough and rhinorrhea were associated more with ILI patients who were positive for influenza type A than influenza type B. Influenza viruses circulated throughout the year with the positivity rate peaking around the months of January, May and again in October; corresponding respectively to the dry-dusty harmattan season and the long and then the short raining season. The pandemic A (H1N1) pdm09 was the predominantly circulating strain in 2010 while influenza B was the predominantly circulating strain in 2011. The seasonal A/H3N2 was observed throughout 2012 year. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides information on influenza epidemiology in the capital city of Togo.
has issue date	2014-09-20(xsd:dateTime)
bibo:doi	10.1186/1471-2458-14-981
bibo:pmid	25239536
has license	cc-by
sha1sum (hex)	daec26fedf72c250302f9220ecf6ca042d5c1374
schema:url	https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-981
resource representing a document's title	Implementation of Influenza-like illness Sentinel Surveillance in Togo
has PubMed Central identifier	PMC4190418
has PubMed identifier	25239536
schema:publication	BMC Public Health
resource representing a document's body	covid:daec26fedf72c250302f9220ecf6ca042d5c1374#body_text
is schema:about of	named entity 'Health' named entity 'Surveillance' named entity 'Influenza-like illness' named entity 'LIST' named entity 'influenza' named entity 'epidemic' named entity 'pandemic' named entity 'Ministry' named entity 'Togo' named entity 'avian influenza' named entity 'Ministry of Health' named entity 'emergence' named entity 'WHO' named entity 'vaccines' named entity 'Lomé' named entity 'pharyngeal' named entity 'seasonal influenza' named entity 'viruses' named entity 'pandemic influenza' named entity 'Influenza A virus' named entity 'influenza B virus' named entity 'A/H3N2' named entity 'H1N1' named entity 'young children' named entity 'Qiagen' named entity 'influenza' named entity 'influenza' named entity 'seasonal influenza' named entity 'Socio-demographic' named entity 'H1N1' named entity 'general medicine' named entity 'A/H3N2' named entity 'influenza' named entity 'clinical symptoms' named entity 'pandemic influenza' named entity 'influenza viruses' named entity 'influenza' named entity 'ILI' named entity 'influenza' named entity 'Africa' named entity 'Taiwan' named entity 'population density' named entity 'ribo' named entity 'RSV' named entity 'ILI' named entity 'influenza' named entity 'Fisher exact test' named entity 'North Africa' named entity 'temperate climate' named entity 'A/H3N2' named entity 'avian influenza' named entity 'West Africa' named entity 'sore throat' named entity 'pediatric' named entity 'CDC' named entity 'Applied Biosystems' named entity 'INH' named entity 'viruses' named entity 'dry season' named entity 'virus' named entity 'influenza' named entity 'influenza virus' named entity 'influenza' named entity 'pandemic influenza' named entity 'outpatient' named entity 'influenza' named entity 'rainy season' named entity 'influenza-like' named entity 'Togo' named entity 'Africa'

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