About: Two important controversial risk factors in SARS-CoV-2 infection: Obesity and smoking

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type	Academic Article research paper schema:ScholarlyArticle
isDefinedBy	Covid-on-the-Web dataset
title	Two important controversial risk factors in SARS-CoV-2 infection: Obesity and smoking
Creator	Basak Engin, Ayse Basak, Ayse Doruk Engin, Evren Engin, Atilla Engin, Ayse Engin, Doruk
source	Elsevier; Medline; PMC
abstract	The effects of obesity and smoking in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic remain controversial. Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), a component of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), is the human cell receptor of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of COVID-19. ACE2 expression increases on lung alveolar epithelial cells and adipose tissue due to obesity, smoking and air pollution. A significant relationship exists between air pollution and SARS-CoV-2 infection, as more severe COVID-19 symptoms occur in smokers; comorbid conditions due to obesity or excess ectopic fat accumulation as underlying risk factors for severe COVID-19 strongly encourage the virus/ACE2 receptor-ligand interaction concept. Indeed, obesity, air pollution and smoking associated risk factors share underlying pathophysiologies that are related to the Renin-Angiotensin-System in SARS-CoV-2 infection. The aim of this review is to emphasize the mechanism of receptor-ligand interaction and its impact on the enhanced risk of death due to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
has issue date	2020-05-15(xsd:dateTime)
bibo:doi	10.1016/j.etap.2020.103411
bibo:pmid	32422280
has license	no-cc
sha1sum (hex)	e3234521c5a856ee96aa11f962a0b335c8454ff4
schema:url	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.etap.2020.103411
resource representing a document's title	Two important controversial risk factors in SARS-CoV-2 infection: Obesity and smoking
has PubMed Central identifier	PMC7227557
has PubMed identifier	32422280
schema:publication	Environ Toxicol Pharmacol
resource representing a document's body	covid:e3234521c5a856ee96aa11f962a0b335c8454ff4#body_text
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