About: Antiviral activity of a human placental protein of retroviral origin

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An Entity of Type : schema:ScholarlyArticle, within Data Space : wasabi.inria.fr associated with source document(s)

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type	Academic Article research paper schema:ScholarlyArticle
isDefinedBy	Covid-on-the-Web dataset
title	Antiviral activity of a human placental protein of retroviral origin
Creator	Feschotte, Cédric Frank, John Singh, Manvendra Coyne, B Cullen, Harrison Kirou, Raphael
source	BioRxiv
abstract	Viruses circulating in wild and domestic animals pose a constant threat to human health1. Identifying human genetic factors that protect against zoonotic infections is a health priority. The RD-114 and Type-D retrovirus (RDR) interference group includes infectious viruses that circulate in domestic cats and various Old World monkeys (OWM), and utilize ASCT2 as a common target cell receptor2. While human ASCT2 can mediate RDR infection in cell culture, it is unknown whether humans and other hominoids encode factors that restrict RDR infection in nature2,3. Here we test the hypothesis that Suppressyn, a truncated envelope protein that binds ASCT2 and is derived from a human endogenous retrovirus4,5, restricts RDR infection. Transcriptomics and regulatory genomics reveal that Suppressyn expression initiates in the preimplantation embryo. Loss and gain of function experiments in cell culture show Suppressyn expression is necessary and sufficient to restrict RDR infection. Evolutionary analyses show Suppressyn was acquired in the genome of a common ancestor of hominoids and OWMs, but preserved by natural selection only in hominoids. Restriction assays using modern primate orthologs and reconstructed ancestral genes indicate that Suppressyn antiviral activity has been conserved in hominoids, but lost in most OWM. Thus in humans and other hominoids, Suppressyn acts as a restriction factor against retroviruses with zoonotic capacity. Transcriptomics data predict that other virus-derived proteins with potential antiviral activity lay hidden in the human genome.
has issue date	2020-08-24(xsd:dateTime)
bibo:doi	10.1101/2020.08.23.263665
has license	biorxiv
sha1sum (hex)	f04ff098b9595378ee75537f612f0c674cfe2c3e
schema:url	https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.23.263665
resource representing a document's title	Antiviral activity of a human placental protein of retroviral origin
schema:publication	bioRxiv
resource representing a document's body	covid:f04ff098b9595378ee75537f612f0c674cfe2c3e#body_text
is schema:about of	named entity 'infection' named entity 'potential' named entity 'restrict' named entity 'restriction' named entity 'test' named entity 'hominoids' named entity 'receptor' named entity 'retroviral' covid:arg/f04ff098b9595378ee75537f612f0c674cfe2c3e named entity 'virus' named entity 'infection' named entity 'genes' named entity 'truncated' named entity 'Evolutionary' named entity 'reveal' named entity 'hominoids' named entity 'acts' named entity 'restrict' named entity 'Here' named entity 'acquired' named entity 'Transcriptomics' named entity 'modern' named entity 'retroviruses' named entity 'Viral' named entity 'hominoids' named entity 'domestic cats' named entity 'cell culture' named entity 'Influenza' named entity 'restriction factor' named entity 'protein' named entity 'viruses' named entity 'retrovirus' named entity 'embryo' named entity 'protein' named entity 'retroviral' named entity 'cellular receptors' named entity 'glycosylated' named entity 'HIV' named entity 'genome' named entity 'cloned' named entity 'potency' named entity 'ASCT2' named entity 'tSNE' named entity 'gene' named entity 'genomic DNA' named entity 'Takara Bio' named entity 'Transfection' named entity 'knock-down' named entity 'human endogenous retrovirus' named entity 'Western Blot' named entity 'glycosylated' named entity 'selection marker' named entity 'chimpanzee' named entity 'primates' named entity 'HIV' named entity 'purifying selection' named entity 'significant effect' named entity 'HIV' named entity 'orthologous' named entity 'cloned' named entity 'purifying selection' named entity '38 million' named entity 'hg19' named entity 'shRNA' named entity 'cloned' named entity 'macrophages' named entity 'infectivity' named entity 'cell lines' named entity 'human reference' named entity 'crab-eating macaque' named entity 'placental' named entity 'infection' named entity 'receptor' named entity 'glycosylation' named entity 'placentation' named entity 'MTAB' named entity 'WPRE' named entity 'antiviral activity' named entity 'infection'

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