About: Engineering a Live Attenuated Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Vaccine Candidate via Inactivation of the Viral 2'-O-Methyltransferase and the Endocytosis Signal of the Spike Protein

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About: Engineering a Live Attenuated Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Vaccine Candidate via Inactivation of the Viral 2'-O-Methyltransferase and the Endocytosis Signal of the Spike Protein Goto Sponge NotDistinct Permalink

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Attributes	Values
type	Academic Article research paper schema:ScholarlyArticle
isDefinedBy	Covid-on-the-Web dataset
has title	Engineering a Live Attenuated Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Vaccine Candidate via Inactivation of the Viral 2'-O-Methyltransferase and the Endocytosis Signal of the Spike Protein
Creator	Wang, Qiuhong Hou, Yixuan Yoo, Dongwan Vlasova, Anastasia Ke, Hanzhong Su, Yunfang Saif, Linda Boley, Patricia Chepngeno, Juliet Kim, Jineui An, Vlasova Hou, Citation Lj, Saif
Source	Medline; PMC
abstract	Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) causes high mortality in neonatal piglets; however, effective and safe vaccines are still not available. We hypothesized that inactivation of the 2′-O-methyltransferase (2′-O-MTase) activity of nsp16 and the endocytosis signal of the spike protein attenuates PEDV yet retains its immunogenicity in pigs. We generated a recombinant PEDV, KDKE(4A), with quadruple alanine substitutions in the catalytic tetrad of the 2′-O-MTase using a virulent infectious cDNA clone, icPC22A, as the backbone. Next, we constructed another mutant, KDKE(4A)-SYA, by abolishing the endocytosis signal of the spike protein of KDKE(4A). Compared with icPC22A, the KDKE(4A) and KDKE(4A)-SYA mutants replicated less efficiently in vitro but induced stronger type I and type III interferon responses. The pathogenesis and immunogenicities of the mutants were evaluated in gnotobiotic piglets. The virulence of KDKE(4A)-SYA and KDKE(4A) was significantly reduced compared with that of icPC22A. Mortality rates were 100%, 17%, and 0% in the icPC22A-, KDKE(4A)-, and KDKE(4A)-SYA-inoculated groups, respectively. At 21 days postinoculation (dpi), all surviving pigs were challenged orally with a high dose of icPC22A. The KDKE(4A)-SYA- and KDKE(4A)-inoculated pigs were protected from the challenge, because no KDKE(4A)-SYA- and one KDKE(4A)-inoculated pig developed diarrhea whereas all the pigs in the mock-inoculated group had severe diarrhea, and 33% of them died. Furthermore, we serially passaged the KDKE(4A)-SYA mutant in pigs three times and did not find any reversion of the introduced mutations. The data suggest that KDKE(4A)-SYA may be a PEDV vaccine candidate. IMPORTANCE PEDV is the most economically important porcine enteric viral pathogen and has caused immense economic losses in the pork industries in many countries. Effective and safe vaccines are desperately required but still not available. 2′-O-MTase (nsp16) is highly conserved among coronaviruses (CoVs), and the inactivation of nsp16 in live attenuated vaccines has been attempted for several betacoronaviruses. We show that inactivation of both 2′-O-MTase and the endocytosis signal of the spike protein is an approach to designing a promising live attenuated vaccine for PEDV. The in vivo passaging data also validated the stability of the KDKE(4A)-SYA mutant. KDKE(4A)-SYA warrants further evaluation in sows and their piglets and may be used as a platform for further optimization. Our findings further confirmed that nsp16 can be a universal target for CoV vaccine development and will aid in the development of vaccines against other emerging CoVs.
has issue date	2019-05-22(xsd:dateTime)
bibo:doi	10.1128/jvi.00406-19
bibo:pmid	31118255
has license	bronze-oa
sha1sum (hex)	f9daabd834fda1a065a169d0da404604fd0a3544
schema:url	https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00406-19
resource representing a document's title	Engineering a Live Attenuated Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Vaccine Candidate via Inactivation of the Viral 2'-O-Methyltransferase and the Endocytosis Signal of the Spike Protein
has PubMed Central identifier	PMC6639265
has PubMed identifier	31118255
schema:publication	Journal of Virology
resource representing a document's body	covid:f9daabd834fda1a065a169d0da404604fd0a3544#body_text
is schema:about of	named entity 'SYA' named entity 'development' named entity 'group' named entity 'SYA' named entity 'SYA' named entity 'KDKE' named entity 'endocytosis' named entity 'Endocytosis' named entity 'Signal' named entity 'Methyltransferase' named entity 'DAYS' named entity 'RESPONSES' named entity 'OUR' named entity 'IN VITRO' named entity 'compared' named entity 'pork' named entity 'universal' named entity 'piglets' named entity 'hypothesized' named entity 'virulence' named entity 'pig' named entity 'pigs' named entity 'responses' named entity 'piglets' named entity 'protein' named entity 'economic' named entity 'KDKE' named entity 'optimization' named entity 'coronaviruses' named entity 'endocytosis' named entity 'Mortality rates' named entity 'spike' named entity 'caused' named entity 'emerging' named entity 'Next' named entity 'SYA' named entity 'porcine' named entity 'SYA' named entity 'development' named entity 'inoculated' named entity 'enteric' named entity 'Viral' named entity 'virulent' named entity 'porcine' named entity 'KDKE' named entity 'severe diarrhea' named entity 'KDKE' named entity 'KDKE' named entity 'diarrhea' named entity 'highly conserved' named entity 'PEDV' named entity 'passaging' named entity 'KDKE' named entity 'KDKE' named entity 'neonatal' named entity 'KDKE' named entity 'pig' named entity 'spike protein' named entity 'Endocytosis' named entity 'Vaccine' named entity 'mutants' named entity 'mRNA' named entity 'gene' named entity 'wild-type' named entity 'synonymous mutation' named entity 'antibodies' named entity 'subgenomic mRNA' named entity 'vaccine' named entity 'recombinant'

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