About: Antiviral Efficacies of FDA-Approved Drugs against SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Ferrets

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type	Academic Article research paper schema:ScholarlyArticle
isDefinedBy	Covid-on-the-Web dataset
title	Antiviral Efficacies of FDA-Approved Drugs against SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Ferrets
Creator	Park, Su-Jin Song, Min-Suk Chen, Weiqiang Kim, Eun Kim, Eun-Ha Shin, Woo-Jin Choi, Younho Choi, Young Jeong, Hye Jung, Jae Kim, Young-Il Kim, Se-Mi Kim, Seong-Gyu Chang, Jae-Hyung Jang, Seung-Gyu Lee, Min-Hyeok Rollon, Rare Yu, Kwang-Min Anthony, Mark Casel, B
source	Medline; PMC
abstract	Due to the urgent need of a therapeutic treatment for coronavirus (CoV) disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, a number of FDA-approved/repurposed drugs have been suggested as antiviral candidates at clinics, without sufficient information. Furthermore, there have been extensive debates over antiviral candidates for their effectiveness and safety against severe acute respiratory syndrome CoV 2 (SARS-CoV-2), suggesting that rapid preclinical animal studies are required to identify potential antiviral candidates for human trials. To this end, the antiviral efficacies of lopinavir-ritonavir, hydroxychloroquine sulfate, and emtricitabine-tenofovir for SARS-CoV-2 infection were assessed in the ferret infection model. While the lopinavir-ritonavir-, hydroxychloroquine sulfate-, or emtricitabine-tenofovir-treated group exhibited lower overall clinical scores than the phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)-treated control group, the virus titers in nasal washes, stool specimens, and respiratory tissues were similar between all three antiviral-candidate-treated groups and the PBS-treated control group. Only the emtricitabine-tenofovir-treated group showed lower virus titers in nasal washes at 8 days postinfection (dpi) than the PBS-treated control group. To further explore the effect of immune suppression on viral infection and clinical outcome, ferrets were treated with azathioprine, an immunosuppressive drug. Compared to the PBS-treated control group, azathioprine-immunosuppressed ferrets exhibited a longer period of clinical illness, higher virus titers in nasal turbinate, delayed virus clearance, and significantly lower serum neutralization (SN) antibody titers. Taken together, all antiviral drugs tested marginally reduced the overall clinical scores of infected ferrets but did not significantly affect in vivo virus titers. Despite the potential discrepancy of drug efficacies between animals and humans, these preclinical ferret data should be highly informative to future therapeutic treatment of COVID-19 patients.
has issue date	2020-05-22(xsd:dateTime)
bibo:doi	10.1128/mbio.01114-20
bibo:pmid	32444382
has license	cc-by
sha1sum (hex)	fc42dc6228ae2977c293e974b0bf3fcf0f1a1143
schema:url	https://doi.org/10.1128/mbio.01114-20
resource representing a document's title	Antiviral Efficacies of FDA-Approved Drugs against SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Ferrets
has PubMed Central identifier	PMC7244896
has PubMed identifier	32444382
schema:publication	mBio
resource representing a document's body	covid:fc42dc6228ae2977c293e974b0bf3fcf0f1a1143#body_text
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