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          "微型金融",
          "Microfinanciering",
          "Microfinança",
          "Microfinanza",
          "Mikrofinancování",
          "Mikrofinansowanie",
          "マイクロファイナンス",
          "마이크로파이낸스",
          "Microfinanza",
          "Mikrofinanz",
          "Microfinanças",
          "Микрофинансирование",
          "Microfinance",
          "Mikrofinans",
          "Mikrofinantza",
          "Microfinance",
          "Мікрофінансування" ] ,
        "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment" : [ "微型金融是为低收入客户、或者由自雇者组成的集体贷款组织提供的金融服务。这些目标群体一直缺乏获得正规银行及相关金融业务的途径。 广义来说，微型金融是一种社会运动，它的目标为“全球范围内，为尽可能多的穷人或不富裕者提供金融服务。服务持久，范围不局限于信贷，而更为全面——集储蓄、保险和汇款于一身。”支持微型金融的人们认为，人们利用它能摆脱贫困。 微型金融是囊括范围极广的一类金融服务，小额信贷便是其中一种。小额信贷是针对贫穷客户的一种信贷服务。它虽然只是微型金融的一种，但在公众使用中常被混为一谈。批评家常在抨击小额信贷时混淆了“微型金融”和“小额信贷”的概念。由于微型金融所涉范围极广，要评述其造成的影响很难，并且没有多少研究曾全面描绘其影响。",
          "Als Mikrofinanz-Institutionen (englisch microfinance institutions) werden Organisationen bezeichnet, die finanzielle Basisdienstleistungen wie Kredite, Sparbücher oder Versicherungen auch Kunden zur Verfügung stellen, die von herkömmlichen Banken aus verschiedenen Gründen nicht bedient werden. Mikrofinanz ist daher ein wichtiges Instrument der Entwicklungspolitik.",
          "Les microfinances són la concessió de microcrèdits als emprenedors pobres i a les petites empreses que no tenen accés a serveis bancari o d'altres sistemes financers normalitzats relacionats. Els dos principals mecanismes per a la prestació de serveis financers a aquests tipus de clients eren, inicialment, una relació entre emprenedors i petites empreses, i models basats en un grup, en el qual diversos empresaris s'unien per sol·licitar préstecs i altres serveis com a grup. Amb el pas del temps, les microfinances han evolucionat com un moviment social més ampli, generalment referit a persones pobres als països en desenvolupament, l'objecte del qual és «un món en el qual tothom, especialment el màxim nombre de famílies pobres i socialment marginades, tinguin accés permanent a una àmplia gam",
          "Микрофинанси́рование (англ. microfinance) — вид деятельности, связанный с оказанием финансовых услуг, как правило, начинающим субъектам малого предпринимательства, предполагающий более свободный доступ малых предприятий и граждан к источникам финансирования.",
          "Mikrofinancováním rozumíme specifický druh finančních služeb. Patří sem mikroúvěry, mikroúspory či mikropojištění chudých lidí. Finanční instituce se těmto lidem snaží pomoci akumulovat určitou část peněz, což jim později může usnadnit rozhodování a také snížit možná rizika vyplývající z platební neschopnosti.Většina těchto peněžních transakcí představuje malé částky, které nepřesahují 100 USD.",
          "Per microfinanza ci si riferisce a quei prodotti e servizi finanziari offerti da istituti bancari specializzati a clienti reputati non solvibili. Si tratta quindi di soggetti che non riescono ad ottenere credito e altri servizi finanziari dalle istituzioni finanziarie tradizionali per due ragioni: vengono reputati non solvibili (unbanked) e/o i costi legati all'offerta di questi servizi sono eccessivi e rendono l'operazione non conveniente economicamente.",
          "التمويل الأصغر أو التمويل المتناهي الصغر (بالإنجليزية: Microfinance)‏، هو تقديم قروض صغيرة جداً للعائلات الفقيرة التي لا تتمكن من الحصول على هذه القروض من القطاع المصرفي، لمساعداتهم في الانخراط بنشاطات منتجة أو لتنمية مشاريعهم المتناهية الصغر. وأحياناً ما يعرف التمويل الصغير أو الأصغر بأنه تقديم الخدمات المالية المختلفة (قروض و ادخار وتحويلات وتأمين وغيرها) للفئات التي لا تتمكن من الحصول على هذه الخدمات من القطاع المصرفي.",
          "Mikrofinans handlar om att ge möjligheter till sparande, lån och försäkringar till fattiga människor som inte är välkomna hos de traditionella bankerna. Ett mikrofinansinstitut kan vara en liten icke vinstinriktad organisation eller en stor kommersiell bank. Mikrofinansinstitutioner agerar i utvecklingsländer genom att förse fattiga människor med finansiella tjänster. I dagsläget beräknas 100 miljoner människor vara kunder till mikrofinansinstitutioner. Förutom mikrolån behövs också möjlighet att spara pengar, försäkringar och utbildning. Mikrolån är en del av mikrofinansieringen.",
          "“Um sistema de microfinanças pode prover os cidadãos de diversos serviços financeiros, dentre os quais empréstimos, poupança e seguros”. (CALDAS 2003:3) Assim, a expressão microfinanças significa o fornecimento de empréstimos, poupanças e outros serviços financeiros especializados para pessoas carentes. Os principais produtos das microfinanças são os de microcrédito (baseados em empréstimos flexíveis), as (de curto, médio e longo prazo), os microsseguros (particularmente de vida e saúde), além de outros, como Transferências de valores, Finança imobiliária e Investimento financeiro.",
          "Microfinance is a category of financial services targeting individuals and small businesses who lack access to conventional banking and related services. Microfinance includes microcredit, the provision of small loans to poor clients; savings and checking accounts; microinsurance; and payment systems, among other services. Microfinance services are designed to reach excluded customers, usually poorer population segments, possibly socially marginalized, or geographically more isolated, and to help them become self-sufficient. ID Ghana is an example of a microfinance institution.",
          "Les services de microfinance fournissent un ensemble de produits financiers aux personnes exclues du système financier classique ou formel. Ils concernent en général les habitants pauvres des pays en développement. De façon plus générale, la microfinance réfère à une vision du monde où « le maximum de foyers pauvres ou assimilés peuvent avoir un accès permanent à une gamme de services financiers de grande qualité et adaptés à leurs besoins, incluant non seulement le crédit mais aussi l'épargne, l'assurance et les transferts de fonds ».",
          "Microfinanza es la provisión de servicios financieros para personas en situación de pobreza, microempresas o clientes de bajos ingresos, incluyendo consumidores y autoempleados.​ El término también se refiere a la práctica de proveer estos servicios de manera sostenible.",
          "マイクロファイナンス（Microfinance）は、貧困者向けの「小口（マイクロ）金融（ファイナンス）の総称。マイクロクレジット（小口融資）のほか、マイクロインシュアランス（小口保険）など、様々なサービスがある。 ここではマイクロファイナンス機関のことをMFIs（Microfinance Institutions）と呼ぶ。",
          "Mikrofinansowanie (ang. microfinance) – świadczenie usług bankowych najczęściej przez niewielkie, lokalne instytucje, które nie boją się podjąć ryzyka, próbując w indywidualny sposób rozwiązać problem dotarcia z usługami bankowymi do wszystkich grup społecznych. Mikrofinansowanie jest związane z udzielaniem pożyczek na małą kwotę, najczęściej dla ludzi ubogich, mieszkających w krajach rozwijających się. Celem tego jest pomoc ludności lokalnej i rozwój przedsiębiorczości wśród ludzi biednych. Mikrofinansowanie odbywa się poprzez udzielenia mikropożyczek lub mikrokredytów.",
          "Mikrofinantza pobrezia egoeran dauden pertsonei, mikroenpresei edo diru-sarrera txikiko bezeroei finantza-zerbitzuak ematea da, kontsumitzaileak eta autoenplegatuak barne. Zerbitzu horiek modu iraunkorrean eskaintzeari ere esaten zaio.",
          "Microfinanciering is de verzamelnaam voor financiële diensten met zeer kleine bedragen. De belangrijkste vormen zijn microsparen, micro-geld overmaken (soms digitaal) en microkrediet (vaak mobiel lenen). Deze leningen bedragen vaak minder dan 200 euro en zijn bedoeld om (klimatologische of geopolitieke) tegenvallers op te vangen in ontwikkelingslanden (Zuidoost-Azië, India, Afrika en Latijns-Amerika). , om armoede te bestrijden en ondernemerschap te stimuleren. Microfinanciëringsorganisaties (MFI's) kunnen ook verzekeringen en andere financiële basisdiensten bieden. Microfinanciering is een onderdeel van het begrip inclusive finance (het Netherlands Platform for Microfinance (NpM) heet tegenwoordig NpM, Platform for Inclusive Finance.",
          "마이크로파이낸스(영어: Microfinance)는 빈곤층을 위한 소액 금융의 총칭으로, 마이크로크레디트 (소액 대출) 외에도 (소액 보험) 등 다양한 서비스가 있다. 마이크로 금융 기관을 MFIs (Microfinance Institutions)라고 부른다." ] ,
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        "http://dbpedia.org/ontology/abstract" : [ "微型金融是为低收入客户、或者由自雇者组成的集体贷款组织提供的金融服务。这些目标群体一直缺乏获得正规银行及相关金融业务的途径。 广义来说，微型金融是一种社会运动，它的目标为“全球范围内，为尽可能多的穷人或不富裕者提供金融服务。服务持久，范围不局限于信贷，而更为全面——集储蓄、保险和汇款于一身。”支持微型金融的人们认为，人们利用它能摆脱贫困。 微型金融是囊括范围极广的一类金融服务，小额信贷便是其中一种。小额信贷是针对贫穷客户的一种信贷服务。它虽然只是微型金融的一种，但在公众使用中常被混为一谈。批评家常在抨击小额信贷时混淆了“微型金融”和“小额信贷”的概念。由于微型金融所涉范围极广，要评述其造成的影响很难，并且没有多少研究曾全面描绘其影响。",
          "Mikrofinancováním rozumíme specifický druh finančních služeb. Patří sem mikroúvěry, mikroúspory či mikropojištění chudých lidí. Finanční instituce se těmto lidem snaží pomoci akumulovat určitou část peněz, což jim později může usnadnit rozhodování a také snížit možná rizika vyplývající z platební neschopnosti.Většina těchto peněžních transakcí představuje malé částky, které nepřesahují 100 USD.",
          "Микрофинанси́рование (англ. microfinance) — вид деятельности, связанный с оказанием финансовых услуг, как правило, начинающим субъектам малого предпринимательства, предполагающий более свободный доступ малых предприятий и граждан к источникам финансирования.",
          "Mikrofinantza pobrezia egoeran dauden pertsonei, mikroenpresei edo diru-sarrera txikiko bezeroei finantza-zerbitzuak ematea da, kontsumitzaileak eta autoenplegatuak barne. Zerbitzu horiek modu iraunkorrean eskaintzeari ere esaten zaio.",
          "Microfinance is a category of financial services targeting individuals and small businesses who lack access to conventional banking and related services. Microfinance includes microcredit, the provision of small loans to poor clients; savings and checking accounts; microinsurance; and payment systems, among other services. Microfinance services are designed to reach excluded customers, usually poorer population segments, possibly socially marginalized, or geographically more isolated, and to help them become self-sufficient. ID Ghana is an example of a microfinance institution. Microfinance initially had a limited definition: the provision of microloans to poor entrepreneurs and small businesses lacking access to credit. The two main mechanisms for the delivery of financial services to such clients were: (1) relationship-based banking for individual entrepreneurs and small businesses; and (2) group-based models, where several entrepreneurs come together to apply for loans and other services as a group. Over time, microfinance has emerged as a larger movement whose object is: \"a world in which as everyone, especially the poor and socially marginalized people and households have access to a wide range of affordable, high quality financial products and services, including not just credit but also savings, insurance, payment services, and fund transfers.\" Proponents of microfinance often claim that such access will help poor people out of poverty, including participants in the Microcredit Summit Campaign. For many, microfinance is a way to promote economic development, employment and growth through the support of micro-entrepreneurs and small businesses; for others it is a way for the poor to manage their finances more effectively and take advantage of economic opportunities while managing the risks. Critics often point to some of the ills of micro-credit that can create indebtedness. Many studies have tried to assess its impacts. New research in the area of microfinance call for better understanding of the microfinance ecosystem so that the microfinance institutions and other facilitators can formulate sustainable strategies that will help create social benefits through better service delivery to the low-income population.",
          "마이크로파이낸스(영어: Microfinance)는 빈곤층을 위한 소액 금융의 총칭으로, 마이크로크레디트 (소액 대출) 외에도 (소액 보험) 등 다양한 서비스가 있다. 마이크로 금융 기관을 MFIs (Microfinance Institutions)라고 부른다.",
          "Les microfinances són la concessió de microcrèdits als emprenedors pobres i a les petites empreses que no tenen accés a serveis bancari o d'altres sistemes financers normalitzats relacionats. Els dos principals mecanismes per a la prestació de serveis financers a aquests tipus de clients eren, inicialment, una relació entre emprenedors i petites empreses, i models basats en un grup, en el qual diversos empresaris s'unien per sol·licitar préstecs i altres serveis com a grup. Amb el pas del temps, les microfinances han evolucionat com un moviment social més ampli, generalment referit a persones pobres als països en desenvolupament, l'objecte del qual és «un món en el qual tothom, especialment el màxim nombre de famílies pobres i socialment marginades, tinguin accés permanent a una àmplia gamma de productes i serveis financers adaptats a les seves necessitats i d'alta qualitat, incloent no només crèdits sinó també estalvis, assegurances, serveis de pagament i transferències de fons». Els qui promouen les microfinances creuen que aquest accés ajudarà als pobres a sortir de la pobresa, són una forma de promoure el desenvolupament econòmic, l'ocupació i el creixement mitjançant el suport de microemprenedors i petites empreses; per a uns altres, és una forma de maniobrabilitat dels pobres per a gestionar millor les seves finances i aprofitar les oportunitats econòmiques mentre gestionen els riscos. Els termes han evolucionat: de microcrèdit a microfinances, i ara a 'inclusió financera'. El microfinançament és una àmplia categoria de serveis, que inclou el microcrèdit. El microcrèdit és la prestació de serveis de crèdit a clients pobres; només un dels aspectes de les microfinances, i els dos sovint es confonen. Els crítics solen assenyalar algunes de les contraprestacions dels microcrèdits que poden generar endeutament; en aquest sentit Muhammad Yunus, especialista en la matèria, comenta que el cost no ha de sobrepassar el 10% de la taxa d'interès després de cobrir costos. A causa dels diversos contextos en els quals opera la microfinança i l'àmplia gamma de serveis que ofereix, no és té una visió generalitzada dels impactes que la microfinança pugui crear, malgrat diversos estudis que han intentat avaluar-los. El que fa, però, és millorar la inclusió financera.",
          "Als Mikrofinanz-Institutionen (englisch microfinance institutions) werden Organisationen bezeichnet, die finanzielle Basisdienstleistungen wie Kredite, Sparbücher oder Versicherungen auch Kunden zur Verfügung stellen, die von herkömmlichen Banken aus verschiedenen Gründen nicht bedient werden. Mikrofinanz ist daher ein wichtiges Instrument der Entwicklungspolitik.",
          "Mikrofinans handlar om att ge möjligheter till sparande, lån och försäkringar till fattiga människor som inte är välkomna hos de traditionella bankerna. Ett mikrofinansinstitut kan vara en liten icke vinstinriktad organisation eller en stor kommersiell bank. Mikrofinansinstitutioner agerar i utvecklingsländer genom att förse fattiga människor med finansiella tjänster. I dagsläget beräknas 100 miljoner människor vara kunder till mikrofinansinstitutioner. Förutom mikrolån behövs också möjlighet att spara pengar, försäkringar och utbildning. Mikrolån är en del av mikrofinansieringen. Mellan 1950- och 1980 fokuserade regeringar och donatorer på att förse småbönder med speciella jordbrukslån och bidrag. Under 1980-talet växlade intresset över till att förse fattiga kvinnor med lån så de kunde starta små rörelser. Dessa gav dem möjlighet att skaffa utrustning och höja hushållets inkomst och standard. Dessa experiment ledde till utvecklandet av icke statsstyrda organisationer som erbjöd finansiella tjänster till de fattiga. Under 1990-talet blev många av dessa organisationer till vanliga banker med möjlighet till både in- och utlåning vilket ökade deras omsättning. Intresset har de senaste åren ökat markant, vilket bland annat uppmärksammats genom att Mohammad Yunus fick Nobels fredspris för sina insatser inom området samt att FN utlyste 2005 till ”the international year of microcredit”.",
          "マイクロファイナンス（Microfinance）は、貧困者向けの「小口（マイクロ）金融（ファイナンス）の総称。マイクロクレジット（小口融資）のほか、マイクロインシュアランス（小口保険）など、様々なサービスがある。 ここではマイクロファイナンス機関のことをMFIs（Microfinance Institutions）と呼ぶ。",
          "Microfinanciering is de verzamelnaam voor financiële diensten met zeer kleine bedragen. De belangrijkste vormen zijn microsparen, micro-geld overmaken (soms digitaal) en microkrediet (vaak mobiel lenen). Deze leningen bedragen vaak minder dan 200 euro en zijn bedoeld om (klimatologische of geopolitieke) tegenvallers op te vangen in ontwikkelingslanden (Zuidoost-Azië, India, Afrika en Latijns-Amerika). , om armoede te bestrijden en ondernemerschap te stimuleren. Microfinanciëringsorganisaties (MFI's) kunnen ook verzekeringen en andere financiële basisdiensten bieden. Microfinanciering is een onderdeel van het begrip inclusive finance (het Netherlands Platform for Microfinance (NpM) heet tegenwoordig NpM, Platform for Inclusive Finance. Een groot gedeelte van de MFIs richt zich op het verstrekken van kleine leningen aan de allerarmste bevolking, vooral aan vrouwen omdat die mondiaal aanzienlijk bijdragen aan de economische groei en het duurzame levensonderhoud van hun gezinnen en gemeenschappen. Met microfinanciëring krijgen vrouwen uit de armste bevolkingsgroepen meer zelfstandigheid, gelijkwaardigheid en kracht en worden zelfverzekerder, wat weer invloed heeft op de economische en maatschappelijke ontwikkeling van hun omgeving. Daarom richten veel microfinanciërings-instellingen (MFI's) zich op vrouwelijke cliënten.",
          "“Um sistema de microfinanças pode prover os cidadãos de diversos serviços financeiros, dentre os quais empréstimos, poupança e seguros”. (CALDAS 2003:3) Assim, a expressão microfinanças significa o fornecimento de empréstimos, poupanças e outros serviços financeiros especializados para pessoas carentes. A questão do acesso de populações de baixa renda a serviços financeiros tem sido tema de destacada importância nos meios acadêmicos e no debate sobre políticas públicas, nos últimos anos. Prova disso é a instituição, pela Organizações das Nações Unidas (ONU), do Ano Internacional do Microcrédito 2005 e a escolha do senhor Muhammad Yunus, fundador do Grameen Bank, de Bangladesh, como Nobel da Paz. (SOARES 2007:4) Embora existam iniciativas históricas que possam ser enquadradas dentro das microfinanças, sua fase moderna se iniciou apenas nos anos 1970, com iniciativas de Organizações não Governamentais (OnGs) especializadas e alguns poucos bancos. Estas iniciativas se baseavam em empréstimos pequenos sem garantias, taxas de juros de mercado, negócios de curtíssimo prazo e uso de agentes de crédito para ir aos clientes (SOARES 2007:14). Os principais produtos das microfinanças são os de microcrédito (baseados em empréstimos flexíveis), as (de curto, médio e longo prazo), os microsseguros (particularmente de vida e saúde), além de outros, como Transferências de valores, Finança imobiliária e Investimento financeiro.",
          "Microfinanza es la provisión de servicios financieros para personas en situación de pobreza, microempresas o clientes de bajos ingresos, incluyendo consumidores y autoempleados.​ El término también se refiere a la práctica de proveer estos servicios de manera sostenible.",
          "التمويل الأصغر أو التمويل المتناهي الصغر (بالإنجليزية: Microfinance)‏، هو تقديم قروض صغيرة جداً للعائلات الفقيرة التي لا تتمكن من الحصول على هذه القروض من القطاع المصرفي، لمساعداتهم في الانخراط بنشاطات منتجة أو لتنمية مشاريعهم المتناهية الصغر. وأحياناً ما يعرف التمويل الصغير أو الأصغر بأنه تقديم الخدمات المالية المختلفة (قروض و ادخار وتحويلات وتأمين وغيرها) للفئات التي لا تتمكن من الحصول على هذه الخدمات من القطاع المصرفي. ويعتبر التمويل الأصغر من الأدوات الفعالة التي تساعد في مساعدة الفئات الفقيرة على تحسين دخلها و مستوى معيشتها. وتوفير فرص عمل متزايدة، كما يعتبر أكثر القطاعات قدرة على خلق فرص العمل وبتكلفة استثمارية متدنية الأمر الذي يجعله خير وسيلة للتخفيف من البطالة ومحاربة الفقر. ويساعد على رفع درجة المعرفية عن طريق تمكين العديد من النساء والرجال من إتمام مراحل تعليمهم المختلفة. والهدف من ذلك تزويد هذه الأسر بفرصة ليصبح عندهم اكتفاء ذاتي من الناحية المالية.",
          "Per microfinanza ci si riferisce a quei prodotti e servizi finanziari offerti da istituti bancari specializzati a clienti reputati non solvibili. Si tratta quindi di soggetti che non riescono ad ottenere credito e altri servizi finanziari dalle istituzioni finanziarie tradizionali per due ragioni: vengono reputati non solvibili (unbanked) e/o i costi legati all'offerta di questi servizi sono eccessivi e rendono l'operazione non conveniente economicamente. La Microfinanza si articola in un vasto insieme di strumenti: Microassicurazione, Microleasing, Housing Microfinance, Canalizzazione rimesse degli immigrati e Microcredito.",
          "Les services de microfinance fournissent un ensemble de produits financiers aux personnes exclues du système financier classique ou formel. Ils concernent en général les habitants pauvres des pays en développement. De façon plus générale, la microfinance réfère à une vision du monde où « le maximum de foyers pauvres ou assimilés peuvent avoir un accès permanent à une gamme de services financiers de grande qualité et adaptés à leurs besoins, incluant non seulement le crédit mais aussi l'épargne, l'assurance et les transferts de fonds ». D'une façon plus restrictive, la microfinance se réfère à un certain nombre d'institutions privées ou publiques qui se réclament de la microfinance. Dans cet article, on désigne souvent les institutions de microfinance par « IMF ».",
          "Mikrofinansowanie (ang. microfinance) – świadczenie usług bankowych najczęściej przez niewielkie, lokalne instytucje, które nie boją się podjąć ryzyka, próbując w indywidualny sposób rozwiązać problem dotarcia z usługami bankowymi do wszystkich grup społecznych. Mikrofinansowanie jest związane z udzielaniem pożyczek na małą kwotę, najczęściej dla ludzi ubogich, mieszkających w krajach rozwijających się. Celem tego jest pomoc ludności lokalnej i rozwój przedsiębiorczości wśród ludzi biednych. Mikrofinansowanie odbywa się poprzez udzielenia mikropożyczek lub mikrokredytów. W mikrofinansowaniu nie występują zabezpieczenia znane w krajach rozwiniętych. Najczęściej udzielenie tego typu kredytu/pożyczki jest oparte na: \n* nawiązaniu osobistej relacji z pożyczkobiorcą \n* grupowej odpowiedzialności za spłatę \n* presji otoczenia Pomimo słabych zabezpieczeń, spłacalność w przypadku takiej formy finansowania wynosi blisko 100%." ] ,
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