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FCEV Brandstofcelauto 燃料電池自動車 Vehículo de celda de combustible Brennstoffzellenfahrzeug Véhicule à pile à combustible Автомобиль на топливных элементах Bränslecellsbil 燃料電池載具 مركبة خلايا الوقود Fuel cell vehicle

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Een brandstofcelauto is een elektrische auto waarin de benodigde elektriciteit wordt opgewekt door een brandstofcel. FCEV(Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle)는 연료전지로 전기 모터에 전력을 공급하여 주행하는 자동차를 말한다. 또는 연료전지자동차, 연료전지차 라고도 부른다. 대표적으로 수소연료전지자동차 혹은 수소전기차는 수소 자동차의 일종으로 스택이라는 연료전지에서 수소하고 산소가 서로 화학반응을 일으키면서 전기를 발생시키는 원리로 작동된다. 연료전지를 사용해 전기모터로 자동차가 구동되며, 수소충전소에서 몇 분 만에 수소를 재충전해 사용한다. 기존의 가솔린 차량하고 큰 차이가 없는데, 배기가스가 전혀 없으며, 마실 수 있는 깨끗한 물만 나온다. 그 외에 에탄올 등 탄소를 함유한 주로 액체상의 분자를 연료전지로 사용하는 자동차도 있는데, 기존의 주유소 인프라를 그대로 사용할 수 있는 장점이 있다. 시내버스에도 FCEV를 이용한다. 대부분의 지역에서 플러그인식 전기버스와 FCEV를 혼용하지만 울산광역시와 전주시는 대형 시내버스용으로는 FCEV만 이용하며, 플러그인식 전기버스는 지선 및 마을버스에만 투입한다. Un vehículo de pila de combustible (abreviado como FCEV) es un tipo de vehículo eléctrico que usa una pila de combustible para producir energía eléctrica. Las pilas de combustible en los vehículos de hidrógeno crean electricidad para hacer funcionar un motor eléctrico usando hidrógeno o un combustible de hidrocarbono y oxígeno del aire. Los FCEVs son distintos de los vehículos que usan combustión de hidrógeno (HICEVs). مركبة خلايا الوقود (اختصاراً FCV) هي نوع من أنواع المركبات الكهربائية التي تستخدم خلايا وقود الهيدروجين عوضاً عن البطارية أو مع بطارية ذات مكثف فائق لتأمين القدرة اللازمة لدفع المحرك الكهربائي. كانت شركة هيونداي أول شركة طرحت سيارة عاملة على خلايا الوقود في الأسوق بشكل واسع وذلك بطراز Hyundai ix35 FCEV سنة 2013؛ تلتها شركة تويوتا بطراز تويوتا ميراي سنة 2015. Un véhicule à pile à combustible (VPC) ou véhicule électrique à pile à combustible est un véhicule électrique qui utilise une pile à combustible, parfois en combinaison avec une petite batterie ou un supercondensateur, pour alimenter son moteur électrique embarqué. Les piles à combustible sont alimentées par un carburant qui peut être en particulier l'hydrogène, le méthanol, l'éthanol ou l'acide formique. Ces véhicules ont un bilan carbone faible par rapport aux véhicules à moteur à combustion interne, en particulier suivant le mode de production du carburant alimentant la pile. Brennstoffzellenfahrzeuge sind Transportmittel, bei denen elektrische Energie aus den Energieträgern Wasserstoff, niedermolekularen Alkoholen (Methanol, Ethanol) oder Ammoniak durch eine Brennstoffzelle erzeugt und direkt mit dem Elektroantrieb in Bewegung umgewandelt oder zeitweise in einer Antriebsbatterie zwischengespeichert wird. Der elektrische Speicher ermöglicht zum einen die Rekuperation, zum anderen entlastet er die Brennstoffzelle von Lastwechseln. Der Aufbau des Antriebs entspricht damit einem seriellen Hybridantrieb. International ist die Abkürzung FC(E)V für englisch fuel cell (electric) vehicle üblich. 燃料電池載具 (Fuel Cell Vehicle、FCV) 或燃料電池電動載具 (Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle、FCEV) 是電力主要來自燃料電池的電動載具，因燃料電池發電特性，多數燃料電池載具也加入超級電容器或蓄電池作為動力系統的一部分，但其容量較純電動載具小。載具上燃料電池多是以儲存的高壓氫氣加上空氣中的氧氣發電。多數燃料電池載具被視為，因燃料電池發電時只會排放水及熱。與內燃機載具相比，燃料電池載具的主要污染來源為氫氣的製造過程，因現今較經濟的氫氣製造過程需以天然氣為原料。 Автомобиль на топливных элементах — это тип электромобиля, который использует топливный элемент для производства электроэнергии. Топливные элементы в водородных транспортных средствах вырабатывают электричество для работы электродвигателя, используя водород или углеводородное топливо и кислород из воздуха. Автомобиль на топливных элементах отличаются от автомобилей с водородным двигателем. 燃料電池自動車（ねんりょうでんちじどうしゃ）は、搭載した燃料電池で発電し、電動機の動力で走る電気自動車を指す。燃料電池に水素やメタノールなどを使用する。燃料電池の乗り物を総称してFCV（Fuel Cell Vehicle）といい、燃料電池自動車がFCVとして言及される場合が多い。 A fuel cell vehicle (FCV) or fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) is an electric vehicle that uses a fuel cell, sometimes in combination with a small battery or supercapacitor, to power its onboard electric motor. Fuel cells in vehicles generate electricity generally using oxygen from the air and compressed hydrogen. Most fuel cell vehicles are classified as zero-emissions vehicles that emit only water and heat. As compared with internal combustion vehicles, hydrogen vehicles centralize pollutants at the site of the hydrogen production, where hydrogen is typically derived from reformed natural gas. Transporting and storing hydrogen may also create pollutants. Bränslecellsbilar är en typ av vätgasfordon och elbil, som får energi från en bränslecellsstack som matas med vätgas och syre. När en kemisk process mellan de båda ämnena uppstår bildas – enkelt förklarat – elektricitet som därefter lagras i batterier. Från avgasröret kommer ingenting annat än vattenånga. Alla de stora tillverkarna utvecklar och provar bränslecellsbilar, men hittills finns endast Toyota Mirai och Hyundai Nexo Fuel Cell att leasa (Mirai) respektive köpa (Nexo) på marknaden.

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dbo:abstract

Автомобиль на топливных элементах — это тип электромобиля, который использует топливный элемент для производства электроэнергии. Топливные элементы в водородных транспортных средствах вырабатывают электричество для работы электродвигателя, используя водород или углеводородное топливо и кислород из воздуха. Автомобиль на топливных элементах отличаются от автомобилей с водородным двигателем. Bränslecellsbilar är en typ av vätgasfordon och elbil, som får energi från en bränslecellsstack som matas med vätgas och syre. När en kemisk process mellan de båda ämnena uppstår bildas – enkelt förklarat – elektricitet som därefter lagras i batterier. Från avgasröret kommer ingenting annat än vattenånga. Alla de stora tillverkarna utvecklar och provar bränslecellsbilar, men hittills finns endast Toyota Mirai och Hyundai Nexo Fuel Cell att leasa (Mirai) respektive köpa (Nexo) på marknaden. Det som håller tillbaka är bland annat bristen på infrastruktur, alltså vätgas-tankstationer. I Sverige finns fem stationer sedan mars 2019: Arlanda, Göteborg, Sandviken, Umeå och Mariestad. I Danmark finns det sju stationer och i Norge nio (2019). En vätgasbil förbrukar mellan 2,4 och över 3 gånger så mycket energi per kilometer som en elbil med batteri. Brennstoffzellenfahrzeuge sind Transportmittel, bei denen elektrische Energie aus den Energieträgern Wasserstoff, niedermolekularen Alkoholen (Methanol, Ethanol) oder Ammoniak durch eine Brennstoffzelle erzeugt und direkt mit dem Elektroantrieb in Bewegung umgewandelt oder zeitweise in einer Antriebsbatterie zwischengespeichert wird. Der elektrische Speicher ermöglicht zum einen die Rekuperation, zum anderen entlastet er die Brennstoffzelle von Lastwechseln. Der Aufbau des Antriebs entspricht damit einem seriellen Hybridantrieb. International ist die Abkürzung FC(E)V für englisch fuel cell (electric) vehicle üblich. Diese Antriebsform gilt bei Straßenfahrzeugen nicht mehr nur als experimentell, sondern wird trotz Einschränkungen im Betrieb in Kleinserien gefertigt. Einschränkungen ergeben sich durch das noch dünne Netz an Wasserstofftankstellen. In Deutschland existiert mit Stand Januar 2022 eine Wasserstoff-Tankstellen-Infrastruktur aus 91 Tankstellen. 17 weitere sind in Realisierung. Der Tankvorgang dauert ca. 3–4 Minuten. 燃料電池載具 (Fuel Cell Vehicle、FCV) 或燃料電池電動載具 (Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle、FCEV) 是電力主要來自燃料電池的電動載具，因燃料電池發電特性，多數燃料電池載具也加入超級電容器或蓄電池作為動力系統的一部分，但其容量較純電動載具小。載具上燃料電池多是以儲存的高壓氫氣加上空氣中的氧氣發電。多數燃料電池載具被視為，因燃料電池發電時只會排放水及熱。與內燃機載具相比，燃料電池載具的主要污染來源為氫氣的製造過程，因現今較經濟的氫氣製造過程需以天然氣為原料。 مركبة خلايا الوقود (اختصاراً FCV) هي نوع من أنواع المركبات الكهربائية التي تستخدم خلايا وقود الهيدروجين عوضاً عن البطارية أو مع بطارية ذات مكثف فائق لتأمين القدرة اللازمة لدفع المحرك الكهربائي. كانت شركة هيونداي أول شركة طرحت سيارة عاملة على خلايا الوقود في الأسوق بشكل واسع وذلك بطراز Hyundai ix35 FCEV سنة 2013؛ تلتها شركة تويوتا بطراز تويوتا ميراي سنة 2015. Un véhicule à pile à combustible (VPC) ou véhicule électrique à pile à combustible est un véhicule électrique qui utilise une pile à combustible, parfois en combinaison avec une petite batterie ou un supercondensateur, pour alimenter son moteur électrique embarqué. Les piles à combustible sont alimentées par un carburant qui peut être en particulier l'hydrogène, le méthanol, l'éthanol ou l'acide formique. Ces véhicules ont un bilan carbone faible par rapport aux véhicules à moteur à combustion interne, en particulier suivant le mode de production du carburant alimentant la pile. Encore assez peu développé, ce type de véhicule est en concurrence pour son plus faible niveau d'émission de dioxyde de carbone avec le véhicule électrique et le véhicule hybride électrique. Son bilan carbone est en particulier dépendant, comme le véhicule électrique, du mode de production de la source d'énergie : électricité ou carburant alimentant respectivement la batterie ou la pile à combustible. Il existe différents types de véhicules. Un vehículo de pila de combustible (abreviado como FCEV) es un tipo de vehículo eléctrico que usa una pila de combustible para producir energía eléctrica. Las pilas de combustible en los vehículos de hidrógeno crean electricidad para hacer funcionar un motor eléctrico usando hidrógeno o un combustible de hidrocarbono y oxígeno del aire. Los FCEVs son distintos de los vehículos que usan combustión de hidrógeno (HICEVs). Een brandstofcelauto is een elektrische auto waarin de benodigde elektriciteit wordt opgewekt door een brandstofcel. A fuel cell vehicle (FCV) or fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) is an electric vehicle that uses a fuel cell, sometimes in combination with a small battery or supercapacitor, to power its onboard electric motor. Fuel cells in vehicles generate electricity generally using oxygen from the air and compressed hydrogen. Most fuel cell vehicles are classified as zero-emissions vehicles that emit only water and heat. As compared with internal combustion vehicles, hydrogen vehicles centralize pollutants at the site of the hydrogen production, where hydrogen is typically derived from reformed natural gas. Transporting and storing hydrogen may also create pollutants. Fuel cells have been used in various kinds of vehicles including forklifts, especially in indoor applications where their clean emissions are important to air quality, and in space applications. The first commercially produced hydrogen fuel cell automobile, the Hyundai ix35 FCEV, was introduced in 2013, the Toyota Mirai followed in 2015, and then Honda entered the market. Fuel cells are being developed and tested in trucks, buses, boats, motorcycles and bicycles, among other kinds of vehicles. As of December 2020, 31,225 passenger FCEVs powered with hydrogen had been sold worldwide. As of 2021, there were only two models of fuel cell cars publicly available in select markets: the Toyota Mirai (2014–) and the Hyundai Nexo (2018–). The Honda Clarity was produced from 2016 to 2021, when it was discontinued. As of 2020, there was limited hydrogen infrastructure, with fewer than fifty hydrogen fueling stations for automobiles publicly available in the U.S. Critics doubt whether hydrogen will be efficient or cost-effective for automobiles, as compared with other zero emission technologies, and in 2019, The Motley Fool opined: "What's tough to dispute is that the hydrogen fuel cell dream is all but dead for the passenger vehicle market." FCEV(Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle)는 연료전지로 전기 모터에 전력을 공급하여 주행하는 자동차를 말한다. 또는 연료전지자동차, 연료전지차 라고도 부른다. 대표적으로 수소연료전지자동차 혹은 수소전기차는 수소 자동차의 일종으로 스택이라는 연료전지에서 수소하고 산소가 서로 화학반응을 일으키면서 전기를 발생시키는 원리로 작동된다. 연료전지를 사용해 전기모터로 자동차가 구동되며, 수소충전소에서 몇 분 만에 수소를 재충전해 사용한다. 기존의 가솔린 차량하고 큰 차이가 없는데, 배기가스가 전혀 없으며, 마실 수 있는 깨끗한 물만 나온다. 그 외에 에탄올 등 탄소를 함유한 주로 액체상의 분자를 연료전지로 사용하는 자동차도 있는데, 기존의 주유소 인프라를 그대로 사용할 수 있는 장점이 있다. 시내버스에도 FCEV를 이용한다. 대부분의 지역에서 플러그인식 전기버스와 FCEV를 혼용하지만 울산광역시와 전주시는 대형 시내버스용으로는 FCEV만 이용하며, 플러그인식 전기버스는 지선 및 마을버스에만 투입한다. 燃料電池自動車（ねんりょうでんちじどうしゃ）は、搭載した燃料電池で発電し、電動機の動力で走る電気自動車を指す。燃料電池に水素やメタノールなどを使用する。燃料電池の乗り物を総称してFCV（Fuel Cell Vehicle）といい、燃料電池自動車がFCVとして言及される場合が多い。

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2018 2021 Foton BJ6123FCEVCH-1 fuel cell bus in operation

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