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Sovreménnik Sovremennik Современник (театр) Современник (журнал) Sovremennik Théâtre Sovremennik Le Contemporain Sowriemiennik Современник (театр) Современник (журнал, XIX століття) Sovremennik Sowremennik El Contemporani 同時代人

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El Contemporani (en rus Современник, Sovreménnik) és el títol de diverses revistes i periòdics russos del segle xix i principis del xx. «Совреме́нник» — российский литературный и общественно-политический журнал, основанный А. С. Пушкиным и выходивший в 1836—1866 годах. Пушкин пробыл на посту главного редактора около 10 месяцев. 27 января 1837 года Пушкин был тяжело ранен Ж. Дантесом на дуэли на Чёрной речке — тогдашней северной окраине Петербурга, спустя 2 дня он скончался. Sowriemiennik (ros. Современник "Współcześnik") – rosyjskie czasopismo literacko-społeczne, wydawane w Petersburgu z przerwami w latach 1836–1866. Do 1843 r. był kwartalnikiem, później miesięcznikiem. Założone i prowadzone przez Puszkina, a po jego śmierci przez Piotra Pletniowa. W latach 60. radykalizacja pisma doprowadziła do aresztów redaktorów, co było jedną z przyczyn upadku pisma i jego ostatecznego rozwiązania. Sowremennik (russisch Современник, wörtlich: Der Zeitgenosse) war ein von Alexander Sergejewitsch Puschkin gegründetes russisches literarisches, soziales und politisches Magazin, das von 1836 bis 1866 in Sankt Petersburg publiziert wurde. Nach dem Tode Puschkins wurde es zunächst von dessen Freund und Herausgeber Pletnew weitergeführt, erlangte Bedeutung allerdings erst mit der Übernahme durch Nikolai Alexejewitsch Nekrassow und Panajew im Jahr 1846. Wichtig als Organ der Literaturkritik, wurde es besonders seit Tschernyschewskis Eintritt in die Redaktion 1856 zur Plattform der Auseinandersetzungen zwischen Liberalen wie Iwan Sergejewitsch Turgenew und revolutionären Demokraten. 1866 wurde die Zeitschrift im Zuge von Regierungsmaßnahmen nach Karakosows fehlgeschlagenem Attentat auf Zar Ale Le Contemporain (en russe : Sovremennik, Современник) est le titre de plusieurs revues et journaux russes du XIXe siècle et du début du XXe siècle. El Contemporáneo (en ruso Современник, Sovreménnik) fue una revista literaria rusa publicada entre 1836 y 1866. Sovremennik (Russian: «Современник», IPA: [səvrʲɪˈmʲenʲːɪk], "The Contemporary") was a Russian literary, social and political magazine, published in Saint Petersburg in 1836–1866. It came out four times a year in 1836–1843 and once a month after that. The magazine published poetry, prose, critical, historical, ethnographic and other material. Sovremennik inspired Al Nafais Al Asriyyah, an Arabic literary and political magazine which was published in Jerusalem between 1908 and 1923. Le théâtre Sovremennik de Moscou (Contemporain en russe), créé en 1956 par opposition à l’art stalinien, est l’une des troupes théâtrales les plus célèbres de Russie. Depuis 1974, il se trouve boulevard des Étangs-Purs dans le centre de Moscou. Театр «Современник» (рос. Современник — «Сучасник») — театр в Москві. Розташований у Басманному районі, за адресою Чистопрудний бульвар, буд. 19А. 『同時代人』（どうじだいじん、露: Современник）は、19世紀ロシアの雑誌。『現代人』とも訳される。1836年、サンクトペテルブルクで詩人プーシキンによって創刊された。1846年、詩人ネクラーソフらに買い取られ、1866年に廃刊となった。ロシア文学の発展に寄与し、革命運動に影響を与えた。 Моско́вский теа́тр «Совреме́нник» — государственный драматический театр, находится в центре Москвы, на Чистопрудном бульваре в доме 19А. Основан в 1956 году группой молодых актёров — выпускников Школы-студии МХАТ. Лидером и первым художественным руководителем театра с 1956 по 1970 год был Олег Николаевич Ефремов. С 1972 по 2019 год главным режиссёром и художественным руководителем «Современника» была народная артистка СССР Галина Борисовна Волчек. С 4 января 2020 года по 4 июля 2022 года художественным руководителем театра был заслуженный деятель искусств РФ, режиссёр Виктор Рыжаков . С 8 июля 2022 года ответственность за творческую составляющую жизни театра взял на себя художественный совет. В него вошли: Алёна Бабенко, Сергей Гирин, Светлана Иванова, Людмила Крылова, Полина Рашкина, Иван Sovremennik (in russo: Современник?, "Il Contemporaneo"), è stata una rivista letteraria russa, fondata nel 1836 da Puškin. Per l'intero ventennio a cavallo della metà dell'Ottocento è stata la più importante rivista del panorama della critica letteraria russa. Alcuni redattori del Sovremennik, nel 1856. In piedi (da sinistra): Lev Tolstoj e Grigorovič. Seduti (da sinistra): Gončarov, Turgenev, Družinin e Ostrovskij «Современник» (з рос. — «Сучасник») — російський журнал, що виходив у 1836—1866 роках.

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«Совреме́нник» — российский литературный и общественно-политический журнал, основанный А. С. Пушкиным и выходивший в 1836—1866 годах. Пушкин пробыл на посту главного редактора около 10 месяцев. 27 января 1837 года Пушкин был тяжело ранен Ж. Дантесом на дуэли на Чёрной речке — тогдашней северной окраине Петербурга, спустя 2 дня он скончался. Le théâtre Sovremennik de Moscou (Contemporain en russe), créé en 1956 par opposition à l’art stalinien, est l’une des troupes théâtrales les plus célèbres de Russie. Depuis 1974, il se trouve boulevard des Étangs-Purs dans le centre de Moscou. El Contemporani (en rus Современник, Sovreménnik) és el títol de diverses revistes i periòdics russos del segle xix i principis del xx. Sovremennik (in russo: Современник?, "Il Contemporaneo"), è stata una rivista letteraria russa, fondata nel 1836 da Puškin. Per l'intero ventennio a cavallo della metà dell'Ottocento è stata la più importante rivista del panorama della critica letteraria russa. Dopo vari tentativi di portare alle stampe una rivista che, nell'idea del poeta, si contrapponesse alla cultura al ribasso strettamente collegata al successo di pubblicazioni quali « » (L'ape del Nord), diretta da Faddei Bulgarin, Puškin riuscì nell'impresa con Sovremennik. Con l'intenzione di realizzare una rivista di buon livello letterario, il fondatore riuscì ad ospitare sul periodico le firme di Gogol', Odoevskij, Vjazemskij, Baratynskij, Kol'cov e riuscì a portare all'attenzione del pubblico le prime liriche di Tjutčev; ciò nonostante il progetto non ebbe la fortuna sperata, arrivando ad avere non più di settecento abbonati. A seguito della morte di Puškin, la rivista passò sotto la direzione di Pletnëv, amico personale e agente letterario del poeta. L'attività della rivista non ebbe grandissimo rilievo all'interno della cultura russa fino a quando, alla fine di un lento declino, nel 1846, fu acquisita da Nikolaj Nekrasov e Ivan Panaev. Nekrasov ne divenne l'editore e nel periodo in cui la diresse, a partire dal primo numero pubblicato il 1º gennaio 1847, la rivista raggiunse la sua maggior diffusione e influenza all'interno del dibattito non solo letterario, ma anche e soprattutto politico e culturale della Russia dell'epoca. Alla sua redazione parteciparono anche Turgenev, Gončarov, che nel 1847 vi pubblicò il suo primo romanzo, Obyknovennaja istoria (Una storia comune), e Tolstoj, che vi esordì nel 1852, riscuotendo un ampio successo, con Detstvo (Infanzia). Nel tempo si affiancarono intellettuali di spicco come Belinskij, Dobroljubov, Černyševskij e Pisarev. Alcuni redattori del Sovremennik, nel 1856. In piedi (da sinistra): Lev Tolstoj e Grigorovič. Seduti (da sinistra): Gončarov, Turgenev, Družinin e Ostrovskij Nella dinamica delle collaborazioni Sovremennik subì una sempre maggiore influenza dell'ala radicale rappresentata da Černyševskij e Dobroljubov, a scapito di quella liberale, che portò, nel 1858, all'allontanamento dei membri di quest'ultima dalla redazione, perdendo collaboratori quali Turgenev, Lev e Aleksej Tolstoj, Grigorovič e Ostrovskij. Nel fisiologico ricambio delle firme, a questi ultimi si sostituirono scrittori di minor fama, tra cui , Pomjalovskij, e il più noto Saltykov-Ščedrin. Con i rimanenti redattori impostarono la linea politico-letteraria della rivista, abbracciando in toto le istanze socialiste rivoluzionarie. La pubblicazione ospitava una rubrica, Obličitel'naja literatura (Letteratura d'accusa), che divenne il fulcro della strategia editoriale della stessa. In quel periodo divenne la rivista letteraria più diffusa, e di riflesso attirò continuamente le attenzioni della censura, col sospetto di creare diffidenza rispetto alla politica di riforme volute dal governo dell'epoca. Nel 1863, contestualmente alla pubblicazione del romanzo Che fare? di Černyševskij (all'epoca agli arresti, con l'accusa di essere l'organizzatore di un partito rivoluzionario) iniziarono i veri problemi con la censura. Una serie di articoli pubblicati l'anno successivo e aventi come tema le miserie della classe contadina, fecero infine scattare una diffida ufficiale. A seguito dell'attentato allo zar, nel 1866, l'attività antisovversiva del governo si inasprì, e Sovremennik entrò nel mirino della strategia di contenimento e soppressione delle voci critiche. Nel tentativo di accattivarsi la benevolenza della classe dirigente, Nekrasov, vista la minaccia incombente sulla sua rivista, compose una lirica dedicata al potente ministro , che però non sortì l'effetto sperato, così la rivista fu soppressa nell'estate del 1866. Neanche la morte di Nekrasov, avvenuta nel 1878, rese possibile una nuova vita per la pubblicazione, che fu realizzata solo più di trenta anni dopo, nel 1911, ma senza i successi del periodo precedente, così da essere definitivamente chiusa nel 1915. Моско́вский теа́тр «Совреме́нник» — государственный драматический театр, находится в центре Москвы, на Чистопрудном бульваре в доме 19А. Основан в 1956 году группой молодых актёров — выпускников Школы-студии МХАТ. Лидером и первым художественным руководителем театра с 1956 по 1970 год был Олег Николаевич Ефремов. С 1972 по 2019 год главным режиссёром и художественным руководителем «Современника» была народная артистка СССР Галина Борисовна Волчек. С 4 января 2020 года по 4 июля 2022 года художественным руководителем театра был заслуженный деятель искусств РФ, режиссёр Виктор Рыжаков . С 8 июля 2022 года ответственность за творческую составляющую жизни театра взял на себя художественный совет. В него вошли: Алёна Бабенко, Сергей Гирин, Светлана Иванова, Людмила Крылова, Полина Рашкина, Иван Стебунов, Александр Хованский. Председателем совета был избран Владислав Ветров. Sovremennik (Russian: «Современник», IPA: [səvrʲɪˈmʲenʲːɪk], "The Contemporary") was a Russian literary, social and political magazine, published in Saint Petersburg in 1836–1866. It came out four times a year in 1836–1843 and once a month after that. The magazine published poetry, prose, critical, historical, ethnographic and other material. Sovremennik originated as a private enterprise of Alexander Pushkin who was running out of money to support his growing family. To assist him with the magazine, the poet asked Nikolai Gogol, Pyotr Vyazemsky and Vladimir Odoyevsky to contribute their works to the journal. It was there that the first substantial assortment of Fyodor Tyutchev's poems was published. Soon it became clear that Pushkin's establishment could not compete with Faddey Bulgarin's journal, which published more popular and less demanding literature. Sovremennik was out of date and could not command a paying audience. When Pushkin died, his friend Pyotr Pletnyov took over the editorship in 1838. A few years later the magazine fell into decline, and Pletnyov handed it over to Nikolay Nekrasov and Ivan Panaev in 1847. It was Nekrasov who really made the magazine profitable. He enlisted the services of Ivan Turgenev, Ivan Goncharov, Alexander Herzen and Nikolai Ogaryov. Sovremennik was the first to publish translated works by Charles Dickens, George Sand and other best-selling foreign writers. Although the magazine was owned and run by Nekrasov, its official editor-in-chief was Alexander Nikitenko. The virulent realist critic Vissarion Belinsky was responsible for its ideology. His criticism of present-day reality and propaganda of democratic ideas made the journal very popular among the Russian intelligentsia. Sovremennik's circulation was 3,100 copies in 1848. During the reactionary reign of Nicholas I, the journal had to struggle against censorship and complaints of disgruntled aristocracy. Its position grew more complicated after Herzen's emigration (1847) and Belinsky's death (1848). Despite these hardships, Sovremennik published works by best Russian authors of the day: Leo Tolstoy, Turgenev and Nekrasov. Timofey Granovsky, Sergey Solovyov and other leading historians were published as well. The period between 1852 and 1862 is considered to be the most brilliant in the history of the journal. Nekrasov managed to strike a deal with its leading contributors, whereby their new works were to be published exclusively by him. As regards ideology, Sovremennik grew more radical together with its audience. Belinsky was succeeded by Nikolai Chernyshevsky in 1853 and by Nikolai Dobrolyubov. All their principal articles were published in Sovremennik. In late 1858, the magazine entered into polemics with the liberal and conservative press and became a platform for and ideological center of the revolutionary democracy, turning into a political magazine. In 1861, it published materials, dedicated to the emancipation of the serfs and advocated the interests of serfs in the strongest terms possible. In 1859-1861, Sovremennik argued with Herzen's Kolokol about the aims of the Russian democracy. Such a radical stance alienated those writers who were indifferent to politics or personally disliked revolutionary intelligentsia. Although Tolstoy, Turgenev, and Dmitry Grigorovich eventually left the magazine, Sovremennik's circulation reached 7,126 copies in 1861. The death of Dobrolyubov in 1861, an 8-month suspension of publishing activities (in June 1862), and Chernyshevsky's arrest caused irreparable damage to the magazine. Its ideological stance became less clear and consistent. In 1863, Nekrasov managed to resume publishing Sovremennik. He invited Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin (stayed until 1864), Maxim Antonovich, Grigory Yeliseyev and Alexander Pypin to join its editorial staff. Controversy among the members of the editorial staff soon resulted in adoption of a more temperate policy. In 1863-1866, Sovremennik published Chernyshevsky's What Is to Be Done? (written in the Peter and Paul Fortress), satires by Saltykov-Shchedrin, and works by the so-called plebeian authors (Vasily Sleptsov, Fyodor Reshetnikov, Gleb Uspensky). The magazine was closed down in June 1866, owing to the official panic that followed the first attempt on Alexander II's life. After that, Nekrasov and Saltykov-Schedrin acquired the rights to publish the Otechestvennye Zapiski, a literary journal widely viewed as Sovremennik's successor. Sovremennik inspired Al Nafais Al Asriyyah, an Arabic literary and political magazine which was published in Jerusalem between 1908 and 1923. 『同時代人』（どうじだいじん、露: Современник）は、19世紀ロシアの雑誌。『現代人』とも訳される。1836年、サンクトペテルブルクで詩人プーシキンによって創刊された。1846年、詩人ネクラーソフらに買い取られ、1866年に廃刊となった。ロシア文学の発展に寄与し、革命運動に影響を与えた。 Sowriemiennik (ros. Современник "Współcześnik") – rosyjskie czasopismo literacko-społeczne, wydawane w Petersburgu z przerwami w latach 1836–1866. Do 1843 r. był kwartalnikiem, później miesięcznikiem. Założone i prowadzone przez Puszkina, a po jego śmierci przez Piotra Pletniowa. Publikował nowe utwory czołowych rosyjskich poetów i prozaików, zwłaszcza o poglądach liberalnych lub umiarkowanych, a w końcowym etapie istnienia umiarkowanie radykalnych. W pierwszym okresie istnienia (do 1846 r.) zamieścił pierwsze wydania licznych wierszy Puszkina, ale także Gogola, Wasilija Żukowskiego, Piotra Wiaziemskiego, Władimira Odojewskiego. W 1846 r., z powodu trudności finansowych, Pletniow sprzedał pismo Niekrasowowi i Panajewowi, którzy w styczniu następnego roku reaktywowali czasopismo. Czołową postacią nowej redakcji stał się Wissarion Bielinski, nie tylko z racji swych recenzji literackich, ale przede wszystkim jako ideolog pisma. Z nową redakcją aktywnie współpracowali i wydawali tu swoje utwory Turgieniew, Hercen, Iwan Gonczarow, publikował tu też Lew Tołstoj. Wydawano wówczas także liczne tłumaczenia pisarzy zachodnioeuropejskich. Ostatni etap istnienia Sowriemiennika wiąże się z radykalizacją polityczną (socjalistyczną) redakcji pod kierunkiem Czernyszewskiego (od 1853), a zwłaszcza Nikołaja Dobrolubowa (od 1856), co doprowadziło do odejścia bardziej umiarkowanych współpracowników, m.in. Tołstoja i Turgieniewa. Wśród znanych twórców tego okresu, z redakcją zaczął współpracować Michaił Sałtykow-Szczedrin. W latach 60. radykalizacja pisma doprowadziła do aresztów redaktorów, co było jedną z przyczyn upadku pisma i jego ostatecznego rozwiązania. «Современник» (з рос. — «Сучасник») — російський журнал, що виходив у 1836—1866 роках. Sowremennik (russisch Современник, wörtlich: Der Zeitgenosse) war ein von Alexander Sergejewitsch Puschkin gegründetes russisches literarisches, soziales und politisches Magazin, das von 1836 bis 1866 in Sankt Petersburg publiziert wurde. Nach dem Tode Puschkins wurde es zunächst von dessen Freund und Herausgeber Pletnew weitergeführt, erlangte Bedeutung allerdings erst mit der Übernahme durch Nikolai Alexejewitsch Nekrassow und Panajew im Jahr 1846. Wichtig als Organ der Literaturkritik, wurde es besonders seit Tschernyschewskis Eintritt in die Redaktion 1856 zur Plattform der Auseinandersetzungen zwischen Liberalen wie Iwan Sergejewitsch Turgenew und revolutionären Demokraten. 1866 wurde die Zeitschrift im Zuge von Regierungsmaßnahmen nach Karakosows fehlgeschlagenem Attentat auf Zar Alexander II. verboten. Von 1836 bis 1843 gab es vier Ausgaben pro Jahr, danach erschien die Zeitschrift monatlich. An Inhalten versammelte es unter anderem Poesie, Prosa, historische, ethnographische und gesellschaftskritische Texte, darunter auch Übersetzungen außerrussischer Werke. Unter den Autoren waren Dostojewski, Dmitri Wassiljewitsch Grigorowitsch, Iwan Iwanowitsch Panajew, Iwan Gontscharow, Alexander Herzen und Nikolai Platonowitsch Ogarjow. Le Contemporain (en russe : Sovremennik, Современник) est le titre de plusieurs revues et journaux russes du XIXe siècle et du début du XXe siècle. Театр «Современник» (рос. Современник — «Сучасник») — театр в Москві. Розташований у Басманному районі, за адресою Чистопрудний бульвар, буд. 19А. El Contemporáneo (en ruso Современник, Sovreménnik) fue una revista literaria rusa publicada entre 1836 y 1866.

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The title page of the issue printed after the death of Alexander Pushkin

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190

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Russian

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Sovremennik

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St. Petersburg

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1836

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Sovremennik.jpg

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The title page of the issue printed after the death ofAlexander Pushkin

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190

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7894

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