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시리아어 Syriaque Syrisch اللغة السريانية Siria lingvo Сирийский язык Syriac language Lingua siriaca Syriska 敘利亞語 Siríac Asiriera Συριακή γλώσσα Język syryjski Syrische Sprache シリア語 Siricis Сирійська мова Idioma siríaco Bahasa Suryani Língua siríaca Syrština
rdfs:comment
El siríac (en siríac ܣܘܪܝܝܐ, suryāyā) és un conjunt de dialectes de l'arameu, una llengua semítica parlada a l'Orient Mitjà; durant el seu apogeu es va parlar a la major part del Creixent Fèrtil. L'arameu ha existit almenys des del segle XII aC i ha evolucionat amb el pas de tots aquests segles; mentre que el siríac va fer la seva aparició durant el període hel·lenístic i no va tenir una escriptura pròpia, al voltant del segle i, es va crear l'escriptura siríaca, la qual prové de l'alfabet arameu. Syriskan är genom sin litteratur det viktigaste av de arameiska språken och var de kristna jakobiternas språk, med staden Edessa som centralpunkt. De nu levande syriska dialekterna benämns nysyriska, och den moderna syriskan (ܣܘܪܝܝܐ; suryoyo/soreth). シリア語（シリアご、古典シリア語（こてんシリアご））はシリア、レバノン、トルコ、イラクを中心とする中東のキリスト教徒によって用いられている典礼言語。アフロ・アジア語族セム語派に属するアラム語の一種。 O siríaco (ܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ, leššānā Suryāyā) é um dialeto do aramaico médio falado historicamente em boa parte do Crescente Fértil. Surgido por volta do século I d.C., o siríaco clássico se tornou um dos principais idiomas literários em todo o Oriente Médio do século IV ao VIII, e foi a de Edessa, conservada num grande corpus de . Escrito no alfabeto siríaco, derivado do alfabeto aramaico, o siríaco pertence ao ramo ocidental da família linguística semita. Asiriera (jatorrizko hizkuntzan, ܣܘܪܝܝܐ) Erdi Aroko arameraren dialekto multzo bat da, behin Ilgora Emankorra osoan mintzatua. IV. eta VIII. mendeen artean bere unerik gorenera ailegatu ondoren, arabierak ordezkatua izan zen eta, egun, eskualdeko kristauen eliz-hizkuntza besterik ez da. Iraken hizkuntza gutxitu ofiziala da. Сирі́йська мо́ва — мертва літературна мова арамейськомовних християн Східного Середземномор'я. В основі сирійської мови — арамейський діалект міста Едеси, міста, яке було важливим торговим і політичним центром, починаючи з кінця II ст. до н. е. до середини III ст. н. е. Найбільше поширення і розквіт сирійська мова отримала, починаючи з II століття, коли нею було перекладено Біблію — переклад «пешита», що став канонічним у християн-сирійців. Сирійська мова від Середземного моря до Персії була мовою писемності протягом кількох століть; у Візантійській імперії вона була найважливішою мовою після грецької, а в перській державі Сасанідів ця мова займала чільне місце як писемна. Торговцями-сирійцями цю мову було занесено далеко на схід, до самого Китаю та Монголії. У III—VII ст. сирійською мовою The Syriac language (/ˈsɪriæk/; Classical Syriac: ܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ‎ / Leššānā Sūryāyā, Leshono Suryoyo), also known as Syriac Aramaic (Syrian Aramaic, Syro-Aramaic) and Classical Syriac ܠܫܢܐ ܥܬܝܩܐ (in its literary and liturgical form), is an Aramaic dialect that emerged during the first century AD from a local Aramaic dialect that was spoken by Arameans in the ancient Aramean kingdom of Osroene, centered in the city of Edessa. During the Early Christian period, it became the main literary language of various Aramaic-speaking Christian communities in the historical region of Ancient Syria and throughout the Near East. As a liturgical language of Syriac Christianity, it gained a prominent role among Eastern Christian communities that used both Eastern Syriac and Western Syriac rites. Following th Η Συριακή (ܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ, leššānā Suryāyā), γνωστή επίσης ως Συριακή Αραμαϊκή ή Κλασική Συριακή, είναι διάλεκτος της Μέσης Αραμαϊκής που ομιλείτο άλλοτε σε ολόκληρη την Εύφορη Ημισέληνο. Πρωτοεμφανίστηκε τον 1ο αιώνα μ.Χ., και η Κλασική Συριακή έγινε μείζονα λογοτεχνική γλώσσα σε όλη τη Μέση Ανατολή από τον 4ο έως τον 8ο αιώνα και κλασική γλώσσα της Έδεσσας της Μεσοποταμίας, που διατήρησε μεγάλο σώμα της . Η Συριακή είναι γραμμένη με το , που προέρχεται από το . Le syriaque, en syriaque : ܣܘܪܝܝܐ / suryāyā ou suryoyo, est une langue sémitique du Proche-Orient, appartenant au groupe des langues araméennes. L'araméen (ארמית [Arâmît], ܐܪܡܝܐ [à l'origine Armāyā, puis Ārāmāyā ou Oromoyo]) existe au moins depuis le XIIe siècle av. J.-C. et a évolué au cours des siècles. Le syriaque est couramment présenté comme dialecte de l'araméen, en tant que géolecte de la région d'Édesse, qui s'est constitué comme langue écrite au début de l'ère chrétienne. Сири́йский язы́к (ܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ, leššānā suryāyā) — мёртвый язык арамейской группы. С I века н. э. использовался в качестве литературного и литургического в христианской общине Ближнего Востока. В качестве разговорного был вытеснен арабским к концу VIII века. В качестве литературного использовался до XIV века. Создана обширная литература, бытовавшая на пространстве от Египта до Китая. В русской востоковедческой литературе сирийский язык иногда называется си́рским. Die syrische Sprache, auch als Surayt bezeichnet, gehört als mittelostaramäische Sprache zum nordwestlichen Zweig der semitischen Sprachen. Syrisch ist nicht die heutige Landessprache Syriens – die ist das Arabische –, sondern die Minderheitensprache der syrischen Christen, die vorwiegend im Osten der Türkei (Turabdin), im Norden des Iraks und im Nordosten Syriens leben. Aufgrund von Verfolgungen mussten allerdings viele dieser Christen emigrieren. اللغة السُريانية (بالسريانية الشرقية: ܠܸܫܵܢܵܐ ܣܘܼܪܝܵܝܵܐ، لِشانا سُريايا؛ بالسريانية الغربية: ܠܶܫܳܢܳܐ ܣܽܘܪܝܳܝܳܐ، لِشونو سُريويو)، لغة سامية مشتقة من اللغة الآرامية ويعتبرها بعض الباحثين تطورًا طبيعيًا لها موحدين بين اللغتين، نشأت اللغة الآرامية، وهي أصل اللغة السريانية، في الألف الأول قبل الميلاد لتكون العائلة الثالثة ضمن عائلة اللغات السامية، وأصبحت من القرن السادس قبل الميلاد لغة التخاطب الوحيدة في الهلال الخصيب إلى ما بعد الميلاد، حيث تحورت تدريجيًا واكتسبت اسمها الجديد «اللغة السريانية» في القرن الرابع تزامنًا مع انتشار المسيحية في بلاد الشام. La siria lingvo estas parolata en Irano, Irako, Turkio, Libano, Sirio... de pli ol 100 000 da parolantoj. Ĝia ISO-kodo estas syr. La siria lingvo estas dialekto de la mez-aramea lingvo de la nordokcidentaj semidaj lingvoj de la afro-azia familio kiu estas skribata per la siria alfabeto, derivaĵo de la aramea alfabeto. Unue aperinte en la frua unua jarcento KE en Edeso, la klasika siria lingvo fariĝis grava literatura lingvo tra la Proksima Oriento de la 4a ĝis la 8a jarcentoj, konservita en granda tekstaro de siria literaturo. Fakte, la siria literaturo ampleksas proksimume 90% de la aktuala aramea literaturo. La siria siatempe paroliĝis tra multe de la Proksima Oriento same kiel Anatolio kaj orienta Arabio. La siria devenis de Mezopotamio kaj poste disvastiĝis okcidente de Irako, en kiu ĝ Canúint de chuid na hAramaise is ea an tSiricis a bhí á labhairt ar fud an Chorráin Mhéith, tráth. Bhí an tSiricis Chlasaiceach á saothrú mar theanga liteartha ón 4ú go dtí an 8ú haois, agus í ina teanga thábhachtach ag na luath-Chríostaithe sa scríbhneoireacht chráifeach agus sna haistriúcháin ar an mBíobla, Chuaigh an tSiricis a fhad leis an India agus le hiarthar na Síne mar theanga Chríostaí. Ghéill an tSiricis don Araibis ón ochtú haois ar aghaidh, ach má ghéill féin, d’fhág sí a lorg ar chaighdeán scríofa na hAraibise. Is í an aibítir a úsáideann an teanga seo ná an aibítir Shiriceach, agus í bunaithe ar an aibítir Aramach. El siríaco (ܣܘܪܝܝܐ suryāyā)​ es un conjunto de dialectos del arameo, un idioma semítico hablado en Oriente Medio; el cual, alguna vez, durante su apogeo, se habló en la mayor parte del Creciente Fértil. El arameo ha existido al menos desde el siglo XII a. C. y ha evolucionado con el correr de todos estos siglos; mientras que el siriaco hizo su aparición durante el período helenístico y no tuvo una , sino alrededor del siglo i d. C.,​ en que se creó la escritura siríaca, la cual proviene del alfabeto arameo. Bahasa Suryani atau bahasa Suriah (ܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ Leššānā Suryāyā) adalah sebuah bahasa Aram Timur yang pernah dipertuturkan di sebagian besar wilayah Bulan Sabit Subur dan Arab Timur. Namun secara luas definisi bahasa Suryani ialah semua bahasa Aram Timur yang dipertuturkan oleh bermacam-macam komunitas Kristen di Timur Tengah. Bahasa Suryani ditulis dengan Abjad Suryani. Bahasa Suryani juga merupakan bahasa liturgi dari beberapa gereja Suriah/Siria: Gereja Ortodoks Suriah, Gereja Katolik Suriah, Gereja Maronit, Gereja Katolik Khaldea, Gereja Timur Asiria dan Gereja Tua Timur. 시리아어는 시리아, 레바논, 터키, 이라크를 중심으로 한 중동의 기독교도에 의해서 사용된 고전어이다. 아프리카아시아어족 셈어파에 속하는 아람어의 일종이다. 중세 이후로는 시리아 정교회의 교회 언어로만 사용되고 있다. Syrština je klasický, literární a liturgický jazyk patřící do severozápadní větve semitských jazyků (v rámci afroasijské velkorodiny). Jde o dialekt střední aramejštiny a její počátky jsou kladeny přibližně do 3. století po Kr. Byla hlavním jazykem oblasti Blízkého východu a hrála velkou roli při šíření Východního křesťanství až do příchodu Arabů v 7. století, kteří spolu s islámem přinesli a prosadili i arabštinu. Od té doby je klasická syrština používána především v syrských východních církvích jako liturgický jazyk. Syrština užívá písmo nikoli aramejské, ale vlastní syrské. Het Syrisch (ܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ, Leshono Suryoyo), ook bekend als Syrisch Aramees, Edessaans Aramees en Syro-Aramees is een dialect van het Aramees. Het dialect is in de eerste eeuw na Christus ontstaan uit een lokaal Aramees dat werd gesproken door Arameeërs in het oude Aramese koninkrijk Osroene, met als middelpunt de stad Edessa. Tijdens de vroegchristelijke periode werd het de belangrijkste literaire taal van de Arameeërs in de historische regio van het oude Syrië, Mesopotamië en in het hele Nabije Oosten. Als liturgische taal van het Syrische christendom kreeg het een prominente rol onder Arameeërs die zowel Oost-Syrische als West-Syrische rituelen gebruikten. Na de verspreiding van het Syrische christendom werd het ook een liturgische taal van oosterse christelijke gemeenschappen tot in Ind Il siriaco (in siriaco ܣܘܪܝܝܐ, Suryāyā) è una lingua semitica appartenente al gruppo dell'aramaico orientale, che è stata tra il II secolo e l'VIII secolo tra le più parlate nel Vicino Oriente. Język syryjski (syriacki, ܣܘܪܝܝܐ suryāyā) – dialekt wschodnioaramejski z okolic Edessy (obecnie Şanlıurfa w Turcji). Stał się głównym językiem literackim i liturgicznym chrześcijaństwa na Bliskim Wschodzie. Przestał być używany w mowie w VIII wieku po najeździe Arabów na Syrię. Używany jest do dziś m.in. przez kościoły jakobicki, asyryjski, maronicki i malabarski. 敘利亞語（ܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ）是中古阿拉姆语（属閃米特語族）的一种方言，在新月沃土的大部分地方都有分布。古典叙利亚语成为4-8世纪中东地区的书面语言，古典的作品就是以它为载体。现在仍然是中东一些教派的礼拜语言。由阿拉姆字母所衍生的叙利亚字母书写。它也是敘利亞基督教聖禮的語言。
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Syriac
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Het Syrisch (ܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ, Leshono Suryoyo), ook bekend als Syrisch Aramees, Edessaans Aramees en Syro-Aramees is een dialect van het Aramees. Het dialect is in de eerste eeuw na Christus ontstaan uit een lokaal Aramees dat werd gesproken door Arameeërs in het oude Aramese koninkrijk Osroene, met als middelpunt de stad Edessa. Tijdens de vroegchristelijke periode werd het de belangrijkste literaire taal van de Arameeërs in de historische regio van het oude Syrië, Mesopotamië en in het hele Nabije Oosten. Als liturgische taal van het Syrische christendom kreeg het een prominente rol onder Arameeërs die zowel Oost-Syrische als West-Syrische rituelen gebruikten. Na de verspreiding van het Syrische christendom werd het ook een liturgische taal van oosterse christelijke gemeenschappen tot in India en China. Klassiek Syrisch wordt geschreven in het Syrische alfabet, een afleiding van het Aramese alfabet. De taal is bewaard gebleven in een grote hoeveelheid Syrische literatuur, die ongeveer 90% van de bestaande Aramese literatuur omvat. Samen met het Grieks en het Latijns werd het Syrisch één van de drie belangrijkste talen van het vroege christendom. Al vanaf de eerste en tweede eeuw na Christus begonnen de Aramese inwoners van de regio Osroene het christendom te omarmen, en tegen de derde en vierde eeuw werd de lokale Edessaanse Aramese taal het voertuig van de specifieke christelijke cultuur die bekend werd als het Syrische christendom. Vanwege theologische verschillen liepen Syrisch/Aramese christenen in de 5e eeuw uiteen in de Syrisch-orthodoxe kerk die de West-Syrische ritus van Antiochië bleef volgen onder de Byzantijnse heerschappij en de Kerk van het Oosten die Nestorius ging volgen, zich afsplitste onder de Perzische heerschappij en de Oost-Syrische ritus werd. Als liturgische taal van het Syrische christendom verspreidde de klassieke Syrische taal zich door Azië tot aan de Zuid-Indiase kust van Malabar en Oost-China en werd het communicatiemiddel en culturele verspreiding voor de latere Arabieren, en (om in mindere mate) de andere volkeren van de Parthische en Sassanische rijken. In de eerste plaats een christelijk uitdrukkingsmiddel, had het Syrisch een fundamentele culturele en literaire invloed op de ontwikkeling van het Arabisch, dat het grotendeels verving tijdens de latere middeleeuwen. Het Syrisch is overigens niet de officiële taal van het huidige Syrië; daar spreekt men nu overwegend een dialect van het Arabisch. The Syriac language (/ˈsɪriæk/; Classical Syriac: ܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ‎ / Leššānā Sūryāyā, Leshono Suryoyo), also known as Syriac Aramaic (Syrian Aramaic, Syro-Aramaic) and Classical Syriac ܠܫܢܐ ܥܬܝܩܐ (in its literary and liturgical form), is an Aramaic dialect that emerged during the first century AD from a local Aramaic dialect that was spoken by Arameans in the ancient Aramean kingdom of Osroene, centered in the city of Edessa. During the Early Christian period, it became the main literary language of various Aramaic-speaking Christian communities in the historical region of Ancient Syria and throughout the Near East. As a liturgical language of Syriac Christianity, it gained a prominent role among Eastern Christian communities that used both Eastern Syriac and Western Syriac rites. Following the spread of Syriac Christianity, it also became a liturgical language of eastern Christian communities as far as India and China. It flourished from the 4th to the 8th century, and continued to have an important role during the next centuries, but by the end of the Middle Ages it was gradually reduced to liturgical use, since the role of vernacular language among its native speakers was overtaken by several emerging Neo-Aramaic dialects. Classical Syriac is written in the Syriac alphabet, a derivation of the Aramaic alphabet. The language is preserved in a large body of Syriac literature, that comprises roughly 90% of the extant Aramaic literature. Along with Greek and Latin, Syriac became one of the three most important languages of Early Christianity. Already from the first and second centuries AD, the inhabitants of the region of Osroene began to embrace Christianity, and by the third and fourth centuries, local Edessan Aramaic language became the vehicle of the specific Christian culture that came to be known as the Syriac Christianity. Because of theological differences, Syriac-speaking Christians diverged during the 5th century into the Church of the East that followed the East Syriac Rite under the Persian rule, and the Syriac Orthodox Church that followed the West Syriac Rite under the Byzantine rule. As a liturgical language of Syriac Christianity, Classical Syriac language spread throughout Asia as far as the South Indian Malabar Coast, and Eastern China, and became the medium of communication and cultural dissemination for the later Arabs, and (to a lesser extent) the other peoples of Parthian and Sasanian empires. Primarily a Christian medium of expression, Syriac had a fundamental cultural and literary influence on the development of Arabic, which largely replaced it during the later medieval period. Syriac remains the sacred language of Syriac Christianity to this day. It is used as liturgical language of several denominations, like those who follow the East Syriac Rite, including the Assyrian Church of the East, the Ancient Church of the East, the Chaldean Catholic Church, the Syro-Malabar Catholic Church, and the Assyrian Pentecostal Church, and also those who follow the West Syriac Rite, including: Syriac Orthodox Church, the Syriac Catholic Church, the Maronite Catholic Church, the Malankara Mar Thoma Syrian Church, the Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church and the Syro-Malankara Catholic Church. In its contemporary spoken forms, it is known as leshono kthobonoyo (lit. 'the written language') or kthobonoyo. Η Συριακή (ܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ, leššānā Suryāyā), γνωστή επίσης ως Συριακή Αραμαϊκή ή Κλασική Συριακή, είναι διάλεκτος της Μέσης Αραμαϊκής που ομιλείτο άλλοτε σε ολόκληρη την Εύφορη Ημισέληνο. Πρωτοεμφανίστηκε τον 1ο αιώνα μ.Χ., και η Κλασική Συριακή έγινε μείζονα λογοτεχνική γλώσσα σε όλη τη Μέση Ανατολή από τον 4ο έως τον 8ο αιώνα και κλασική γλώσσα της Έδεσσας της Μεσοποταμίας, που διατήρησε μεγάλο σώμα της . Στο ιδεολογικό θρησκευτικό πλαίσιο έγινε όχημα του Συριακού Ορθόδοξου Χριστιανισμού και πολιτισμού και μέσο επικοινωνίας των Αράβων, και σε μικρότερη έκταση των Περσών. Επέδρασε επίσης στην Αραβική γλώσσα, η οποία την αντικατέστησε στο τέλος του 8ου αιώνα. Παραμένει η λειτουργική γλώσσα του Συριακού Χριστιανισμού. Η Συριακή είναι γραμμένη με το , που προέρχεται από το . Die syrische Sprache, auch als Surayt bezeichnet, gehört als mittelostaramäische Sprache zum nordwestlichen Zweig der semitischen Sprachen. Syrisch ist nicht die heutige Landessprache Syriens – die ist das Arabische –, sondern die Minderheitensprache der syrischen Christen, die vorwiegend im Osten der Türkei (Turabdin), im Norden des Iraks und im Nordosten Syriens leben. Aufgrund von Verfolgungen mussten allerdings viele dieser Christen emigrieren. Syrisch-Aramäisch ist auch die Liturgiesprache der verschiedenen syrischen Kirchen: Syrisch-Orthodoxe Kirche, Syrisch-katholische Kirche, Syrisch-Maronitische Kirche von Antiochien, Chaldäisch-Katholische Kirche, Assyrische Kirche des Ostens und Alte Kirche des Ostens. Dagegen haben sich die melkitischen (konstantinopeltreuen) Kirchen des arabischen Raumes weitgehend sprachlich arabisiert. Сирі́йська мо́ва — мертва літературна мова арамейськомовних християн Східного Середземномор'я. В основі сирійської мови — арамейський діалект міста Едеси, міста, яке було важливим торговим і політичним центром, починаючи з кінця II ст. до н. е. до середини III ст. н. е. Найбільше поширення і розквіт сирійська мова отримала, починаючи з II століття, коли нею було перекладено Біблію — переклад «пешита», що став канонічним у християн-сирійців. Сирійська мова від Середземного моря до Персії була мовою писемності протягом кількох століть; у Візантійській імперії вона була найважливішою мовою після грецької, а в перській державі Сасанідів ця мова займала чільне місце як писемна. Торговцями-сирійцями цю мову було занесено далеко на схід, до самого Китаю та Монголії. У III—VII ст. сирійською мовою була створена багата література, головним чином церковна, як оригінальна, так і перекладна з грецької, а також з пехлевійської мови. Пізніше, з утворенням арабського халіфату сирійська мова виконала роль посередника між античною грецькою наукою і арабською, позаяк твори грецьких авторів спочатку перекладалися на арабську не з оригіналу, а з сирійської. Il siriaco (in siriaco ܣܘܪܝܝܐ, Suryāyā) è una lingua semitica appartenente al gruppo dell'aramaico orientale, che è stata tra il II secolo e l'VIII secolo tra le più parlate nel Vicino Oriente. Сири́йский язы́к (ܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ, leššānā suryāyā) — мёртвый язык арамейской группы. С I века н. э. использовался в качестве литературного и литургического в христианской общине Ближнего Востока. В качестве разговорного был вытеснен арабским к концу VIII века. В качестве литературного использовался до XIV века. Создана обширная литература, бытовавшая на пространстве от Египта до Китая. Классический сирийский язык записывался сирийским письмом, производным от арамейского письма. Этот язык сохранился в большом объёме сирийской литературы, которая составляет примерно 90% существующей арамейской литературы. Наряду с греческим и латинским, сирийский стал одним из трёх важнейших языков раннего христианства. Уже с I—II веков нашей эры жители региона Осроена начали принимать христианство, а к III—IV векам носители эдесского диалекта арамейского языка создали особую христианскую культуру, которая стала известна как сирийское христианство. Из-за богословских различий христиане, говорящие на сирийском языке, в V веке разделились на Церковь Востока в Персидской империи, которая следовала восточно-сирийскому обряду и Сирийскую православную церковь в Византийской империи, следовавшую западно-сирийскому обряду. Сирийский язык процветал с IV по VIII век и продолжал играть важную роль в течение следующих столетий, но к концу средневековья его использование постепенно сократилось до литургического, поскольку роль разговорного языка среди его носителей заняли арабские диалекты и новоарамейские языки. В русской востоковедческой литературе сирийский язык иногда называется си́рским. O siríaco (ܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ, leššānā Suryāyā) é um dialeto do aramaico médio falado historicamente em boa parte do Crescente Fértil. Surgido por volta do século I d.C., o siríaco clássico se tornou um dos principais idiomas literários em todo o Oriente Médio do século IV ao VIII, e foi a de Edessa, conservada num grande corpus de . Tornou-se o principal veículo da cultura e do cristianismo ortodoxo oriental, espalhando-se por toda a Ásia, chegando até Malabar e a China oriental, e foi um importante meio de comunicação e disseminação cultural entre os árabes e, em menor escala, os persas. Primordialmente um meio de expressão cristão, o siríaco teve uma influência cultural e literária fundamental no desenvolvimento do árabe, que o substituiu na região no fim do século VIII. O siríaco continua a ser a língua litúrgica do cristianismo siríaco. Escrito no alfabeto siríaco, derivado do alfabeto aramaico, o siríaco pertence ao ramo ocidental da família linguística semita. Asiriera (jatorrizko hizkuntzan, ܣܘܪܝܝܐ) Erdi Aroko arameraren dialekto multzo bat da, behin Ilgora Emankorra osoan mintzatua. IV. eta VIII. mendeen artean bere unerik gorenera ailegatu ondoren, arabierak ordezkatua izan zen eta, egun, eskualdeko kristauen eliz-hizkuntza besterik ez da. Iraken hizkuntza gutxitu ofiziala da. Syriskan är genom sin litteratur det viktigaste av de arameiska språken och var de kristna jakobiternas språk, med staden Edessa som centralpunkt. De nu levande syriska dialekterna benämns nysyriska, och den moderna syriskan (ܣܘܪܝܝܐ; suryoyo/soreth). La siria lingvo estas parolata en Irano, Irako, Turkio, Libano, Sirio... de pli ol 100 000 da parolantoj. Ĝia ISO-kodo estas syr. La siria lingvo estas dialekto de la mez-aramea lingvo de la nordokcidentaj semidaj lingvoj de la afro-azia familio kiu estas skribata per la siria alfabeto, derivaĵo de la aramea alfabeto. Unue aperinte en la frua unua jarcento KE en Edeso, la klasika siria lingvo fariĝis grava literatura lingvo tra la Proksima Oriento de la 4a ĝis la 8a jarcentoj, konservita en granda tekstaro de siria literaturo. Fakte, la siria literaturo ampleksas proksimume 90% de la aktuala aramea literaturo. La siria siatempe paroliĝis tra multe de la Proksima Oriento same kiel Anatolio kaj orienta Arabio. La siria devenis de Mezopotamio kaj poste disvastiĝis okcidente de Irako, en kiu ĝi fariĝis la interlingvo de la regiono dum la Mezopotamia Nov-Asiria periodo. Ĝi estas interesa por studantoj de la Nova Testamento, ĉar la siria literaturo inkluzivas fruajn tradukojn de grekaj tekstoj, kies originaloj estas perditaj. La lingvo estas ankoraŭ uzata en la siria ortodoksa eklezio. * * * * El siríaco (ܣܘܪܝܝܐ suryāyā)​ es un conjunto de dialectos del arameo, un idioma semítico hablado en Oriente Medio; el cual, alguna vez, durante su apogeo, se habló en la mayor parte del Creciente Fértil. El arameo ha existido al menos desde el siglo XII a. C. y ha evolucionado con el correr de todos estos siglos; mientras que el siriaco hizo su aparición durante el período helenístico y no tuvo una , sino alrededor del siglo i d. C.,​ en que se creó la escritura siríaca, la cual proviene del alfabeto arameo. El siríaco clásico llegó a ser la principal lengua literaria del Medio Oriente desde el siglo iv d. C. hasta el viii d. C.,​ así como un vehículo de transmisión cultural y religiosa del cristianismo ortodoxo sirio, difundiéndose a través de Asia hasta lugares tan lejanos como las costas malabares de la India y el oriente de China. E, incluso, también llegó a servir a árabes y persas (aunque en menor medida para estos últimos) como medio de comunicación y diseminación cultural. Al tiempo que el idioma clásico de Edesa se preservaba en una vasta colección literaria. Siendo principalmente un medio de expresión del cristianismo, el siriaco tuvo una fundamental influencia cultural y literaria en el desarrollo de la lengua árabe, la cual lo reemplazaría hacia el fin del siglo viii. En la actualidad, el siriaco sigue siendo el idioma litúrgico para los cristianos sirios. De un modo general, el término siríaco se utiliza para referirse a todo el arameo clásico de la antigüedad tardía; pero, más específicamente, se refiere a la lengua clásica de Edesa, que se convirtió en el idioma litúrgico de la Iglesia Siria Oriental. 敘利亞語（ܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ）是中古阿拉姆语（属閃米特語族）的一种方言，在新月沃土的大部分地方都有分布。古典叙利亚语成为4-8世纪中东地区的书面语言，古典的作品就是以它为载体。现在仍然是中东一些教派的礼拜语言。由阿拉姆字母所衍生的叙利亚字母书写。它也是敘利亞基督教聖禮的語言。 اللغة السُريانية (بالسريانية الشرقية: ܠܸܫܵܢܵܐ ܣܘܼܪܝܵܝܵܐ، لِشانا سُريايا؛ بالسريانية الغربية: ܠܶܫܳܢܳܐ ܣܽܘܪܝܳܝܳܐ، لِشونو سُريويو)، لغة سامية مشتقة من اللغة الآرامية ويعتبرها بعض الباحثين تطورًا طبيعيًا لها موحدين بين اللغتين، نشأت اللغة الآرامية، وهي أصل اللغة السريانية، في الألف الأول قبل الميلاد لتكون العائلة الثالثة ضمن عائلة اللغات السامية، وأصبحت من القرن السادس قبل الميلاد لغة التخاطب الوحيدة في الهلال الخصيب إلى ما بعد الميلاد، حيث تحورت تدريجيًا واكتسبت اسمها الجديد «اللغة السريانية» في القرن الرابع تزامنًا مع انتشار المسيحية في بلاد الشام. تعتبر السريانية اللغة الأم لطوائف الآشوريون/السريان/الكلدان المنتشرة بالعراق وسوريا خاصة، حيث أضحت من أهم العوامل التي تجمعهم. وبالرغم من هذا فالسريانية لم تقتصر عليهم فقد استخدمها العديد من رجال الدين المسيحيين في كتاباتهم كالعرب (إسحاق النينوي وإيليا الحيري) والفرس (أفراهاط الملقب بالحكيم الفارسي) والأرمن (ميسروب ماشدوتس وإسحاق الأرمني) والترك (يشوعداد المروزي)، كما أصبحت اللغة الطقسية لبعض القبائل المنغولية المتنصرة قديما ومسيحيو كيرالا بجنوب غرب الهند. ويشير الباحثون إلى اتصال دائم بين اللغة السريانية واللغة العربية بنتيجة الهجرة والتبادل التجاري والثقافي بين بلاد الشام وشبه الجزيرة العربية، غير أن التمازج الأعمق بين اللغتين لم يتم إلا في أعقاب قيام الدولة الأموية، فخلال المرحلة الأولى ظلت السريانية لغة الدواوين وهيئات الدولة حتى عهد عبد الملك بن مروان، وإثر تعريب الدواوين ظلت السريانية لغة التخاطب الوحيدة بنسب متفاوتة في القرى والمدن السورية بشكل عام حتى العهد المملوكي في القرن الثاني عشر حينما سيطرت اللغة العربية كلغة تخاطب بين أغلبية السكان. أما في لبنان فقد ظلت السريانية لغة التخاطب بين الموارنة حتى القرن السادس عشر، وكانت العربية قد حلت مكان السريانية كلغة كتابة في مدن العراق الوسطى منذ القرن الثالث عشر. في الوقت الراهن لا يوجد في لبنان أي جماعة تستخدم السريانية كلغة تخاطب يومية، بيد أن هناك عدة محاولات لإحيائها، أما في سوريا فهناك من لا يزال يستخدمها كلغة تخاطب في معلولا وقرى مجاورة لها شمال دمشق رغم أن بعض سكان هذه القرى مسلمون، وتستخدم أيضًا في المناطق ذات الكثافة السريانية في القامشلي والحسكة وغيرها من مناطق الجزيرة الفراتية، أما في العراق لا تزال السريانية لغة التخاطب في المناطق والقرى ذات الغالبية السريانية/الكلدانية في الموصل ودهوك، وكذلك تعتبر لغة النطق في طور عابدين الذي يقع حاليًا جنوب شرق تركيا. سوى ذلك فإن الدول التي هاجر إليها سريان خلال القرن العشرين بشكل أساسي مؤمني الكنيسة السريانية الأرثوذكسية يستخدمون اللغة السريانية في تخاطبهم اليومي في دول المهجر خصوصًا في السويد. وعلى الرغم من عدم استعمالها اليوم كلغة تخاطب بين أغلبية السكان، فإن تأثيرها في اللغة العربية خصوصًا المحكية في بلاد الشام يبدو قويًا وواضحًا، كذلك الحال بالنسبة لأسماء الأماكن والبقاع. اللغة السريانية تكتسب أهمية دينية خاصة في المسيحية، أولاً لأن يسوع المسيح قد تكلّم بالآرامية، التي تعتبر بمثابة اللغة الأم للسريانية، وثانيًا لأن العديد من كتابات آباء الكنيسة والتراث المسيحي قد حفظ بالسريانية، إلى جانب اللغة اليونانية، وفي الكنائس التي تتبع الطقس السرياني لا تزال تستخدم اللغة السريانية بشكل يومي في القداس الإلهي وعدد من العبادات الأخرى كلغة ليتورجية. وعمومًا فإن هذه الكنائس تفرض، بإلزامية متفاوتة، على أبنائها خصوصًا الإكليروس دراسة اللغة السريانية وتعلمها، كذلك تبدو اللغة السريانية هامة للمنقبين والمؤرخين في الاطلاع على الوثائق والمخطوطات القديمة التي غالبًا ما كتبت بالسريانية أو الآرامية. في الإسلام يشير بعض الفقهاء أن السريانية هي لغة أهل القبور أمثال حافظ السيوطي وعلم الدين البلقيني الذي فسّر سبب ذلك بكون السريانية لغة الأرواح والملائكة، البعض الآخر منهم أمثال العثيمين نفى الرواية، في حين يشير ابن حاتم وابن شيبه أن السريانية هي لغة يوم القيامة على أن يتكلم داخلوا الجنة لاحقًا العربية، غير أن بعض الفقهاء كابن حنبل رؤوا أن السريانية كانت لغة النبي آدم والنبي نوح. اعتبرت اللغة السريانية ردحًا طويلاً من الزمن لغة العلوم والفنون والآداب، خصوصًا في مدينة الرها (أورفة حاليًا في تركيا) والتي نشأت بها بنوع خاص، أولى المدارس السريانية، وعمومًا فإن اللغة السريانية تقسم عمومًا إلى لهجتين وأبجديتين متقاربتين، الأولى السريانية الغربية نسبة إلى غرب نهر الفرات والثانية هي السريانية الشرقية نسبة إلى شرق نهر الفرات وبنوع خاص إلى الرها. تكتب اللغة السريانية بالأبجدية السريانية المؤلفة من اثنين وعشرين حرفًا تجمع في خمس كلمات: أبجد، هوز، حطي، كلمن، سعفص، قرشت. وتحوي حركات إعرابية تختلف بين السريانية الغربية والسريانية الشرقية أشهرها خمسة تفيد في المد والقصر وحروف العلة. كسائر اللغات السامية فإن اللغة السريانية تكتب من اليمين إلى اليسار ومن أعلى الصفحة إلى أسفلها. El siríac (en siríac ܣܘܪܝܝܐ, suryāyā) és un conjunt de dialectes de l'arameu, una llengua semítica parlada a l'Orient Mitjà; durant el seu apogeu es va parlar a la major part del Creixent Fèrtil. L'arameu ha existit almenys des del segle XII aC i ha evolucionat amb el pas de tots aquests segles; mentre que el siríac va fer la seva aparició durant el període hel·lenístic i no va tenir una escriptura pròpia, al voltant del segle i, es va crear l'escriptura siríaca, la qual prové de l'alfabet arameu. El siríac clàssic arribà a ser la principal llengua literària de l'Orient Mitjà des del segle iv i fins al segle viii, així com un vehicle de transmissió cultural i religiosa del cristianisme ortodox siríac; es difongué per Àsia fins a llocs tan llunyans com les costes malabars de l'Índia i l'orient de la Xina. I, fins i tot, també va arribar a servir als àrabs i perses (encara que en menor mesura per a aquests últims) com a mitjà de comunicació i disseminació cultural, al mateix temps que l'idioma clàssic d'Edessa es preservava en una gran col·lecció literària. El siríac, un mitjà d'expressió principalment cristiana, tingué una fonamental influència cultural i literària en el desenvolupament de la llengua àrab, la qual reemplaça el siríac cap a finals del segle viii. En l'actualitat, el siríac continua sent l'idioma litúrgic per als cristians sirians. D'una manera general, el terme siríac es fa servir per a referir-se a tot l'arameu clàssic de l'antiguitat tardana; però, més específicament, es refereix a la llengua clàssica d'Edessa, que va esdevenir l'idioma litúrgic de l'Església ortodoxa siríaca. Język syryjski (syriacki, ܣܘܪܝܝܐ suryāyā) – dialekt wschodnioaramejski z okolic Edessy (obecnie Şanlıurfa w Turcji). Stał się głównym językiem literackim i liturgicznym chrześcijaństwa na Bliskim Wschodzie. Przestał być używany w mowie w VIII wieku po najeździe Arabów na Syrię. Używany jest do dziś m.in. przez kościoły jakobicki, asyryjski, maronicki i malabarski. Zapisywany jest pismem syryjskim. W historii pisma syryjskiego wykształciły się trzy formy zapisu. Najstarszą jest esţrangelā, z której wyłoniły się: serţō i wschodnio-syryjski. Zasada zapisu i wygląd znaków zbliżony jest do pisma arabskiego: czyta się od prawej do lewej, zapisuje się tylko spółgłoski, samogłoski mogą być zaznaczone znakami nad i pod tekstem. Kultura syryjska wydała wielu wybitnych pisarzy chrześcijańskich takich jak: Afrahat, Efrem Syryjczyk, Jakub z Sarug, Grzegorz Bar Hebraeus, Jan z Efezu. Literatura syryjska służyła też jako pośredni etap w przyswajaniu przez Arabów nauki i filozofii greckiej. Dość często, dla ocalałych (żywych) dialektów wschodnioaramejskich, używane są terminy: „współczesny syryjski” (Modern Syriac) i „neo-syryjski” (Neo-Syriac), choć istnieją znaczne różnice między tymi dialektami a syryjskim klasycznym. Syryjski, zwany klasycznym (Classical Syriac), oprócz nieprzerwanego użycia w liturgii, jest także używany jako literacki (np. w artykułach naukowych). W XV i XVI wieku w syryjskim pisali tacy autorzy jak: Bēt Sḇīrīnā, Isḥāq Qardāḥē Šbadnāyā, czy syryjski patriarcha Nūḥ Leḇnānāyā. Neo-syryjski zaczął być zapisany w późniejszych wiekach. Niektóre prace jednak nadal były pisane w klasycznym syryjskim a zachodnie publikacje były tłumaczone na ten język (np. „O naśladowaniu Chrystusa”). W XX wieku przetłumaczono na klasyczny syryjski światowe dzieła zachodniej literatury (Shakespeare, Dickens i inni), jak również publikacje periodyków (niektóre tylko częściowo są w klasycznym języku). Język literacki (pisany) jest teraz zwykle nazywany kṯōḇōnōyō (dosłownie „język książki”), aby odróżnić go od mówionego aramejskiego, który nie był normalnie zapisywany. Terminologia nie jest jednak używana z pełną konsekwencją. Szczególnie, Kiraz woli ograniczyć termin kṯōḇōnōyō tylko do klasycznego syryjskiego. Członkowie Syryjskiego Ortodoksyjnego Kościoła próbowali jednak rozszerzyć ten termin, odnosząc go do języka publikacji pisanych. 시리아어는 시리아, 레바논, 터키, 이라크를 중심으로 한 중동의 기독교도에 의해서 사용된 고전어이다. 아프리카아시아어족 셈어파에 속하는 아람어의 일종이다. 중세 이후로는 시리아 정교회의 교회 언어로만 사용되고 있다. Syrština je klasický, literární a liturgický jazyk patřící do severozápadní větve semitských jazyků (v rámci afroasijské velkorodiny). Jde o dialekt střední aramejštiny a její počátky jsou kladeny přibližně do 3. století po Kr. Byla hlavním jazykem oblasti Blízkého východu a hrála velkou roli při šíření Východního křesťanství až do příchodu Arabů v 7. století, kteří spolu s islámem přinesli a prosadili i arabštinu. Od té doby je klasická syrština používána především v syrských východních církvích jako liturgický jazyk. Syrština užívá písmo nikoli aramejské, ale vlastní syrské. Canúint de chuid na hAramaise is ea an tSiricis a bhí á labhairt ar fud an Chorráin Mhéith, tráth. Bhí an tSiricis Chlasaiceach á saothrú mar theanga liteartha ón 4ú go dtí an 8ú haois, agus í ina teanga thábhachtach ag na luath-Chríostaithe sa scríbhneoireacht chráifeach agus sna haistriúcháin ar an mBíobla, Chuaigh an tSiricis a fhad leis an India agus le hiarthar na Síne mar theanga Chríostaí. Ghéill an tSiricis don Araibis ón ochtú haois ar aghaidh, ach má ghéill féin, d’fhág sí a lorg ar chaighdeán scríofa na hAraibise. Is í an aibítir a úsáideann an teanga seo ná an aibítir Shiriceach, agus í bunaithe ar an aibítir Aramach. Inniu féin, tá eaglaisí beaga Críostaí san Áise a shaothraíonn an tSiricis mar theanga naofa. Le syriaque, en syriaque : ܣܘܪܝܝܐ / suryāyā ou suryoyo, est une langue sémitique du Proche-Orient, appartenant au groupe des langues araméennes. L'araméen (ארמית [Arâmît], ܐܪܡܝܐ [à l'origine Armāyā, puis Ārāmāyā ou Oromoyo]) existe au moins depuis le XIIe siècle av. J.-C. et a évolué au cours des siècles. Le syriaque est couramment présenté comme dialecte de l'araméen, en tant que géolecte de la région d'Édesse, qui s'est constitué comme langue écrite au début de l'ère chrétienne. シリア語（シリアご、古典シリア語（こてんシリアご））はシリア、レバノン、トルコ、イラクを中心とする中東のキリスト教徒によって用いられている典礼言語。アフロ・アジア語族セム語派に属するアラム語の一種。 Bahasa Suryani atau bahasa Suriah (ܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ Leššānā Suryāyā) adalah sebuah bahasa Aram Timur yang pernah dipertuturkan di sebagian besar wilayah Bulan Sabit Subur dan Arab Timur. Namun secara luas definisi bahasa Suryani ialah semua bahasa Aram Timur yang dipertuturkan oleh bermacam-macam komunitas Kristen di Timur Tengah. Bahasa Suryani ditulis dengan Abjad Suryani. Bahasa Suryani bukan Bahasa Arab dialek Suriah, meski bahasa Suryani memengaruhi bahasa Arab. Dengan demikian, bahasa Suryani bukanlah bahasa resmi di negara Suriah (bahasa resmi Suriah adalah bahasa Arab), melainkan bahasa yang saat ini dituturkan oleh kaum minoritas Kristen Siria yang tinggal di sebelah timur Turki, sebelah utara Irak dan sebelah timur laut Suriah. Bahasa Suryani juga merupakan bahasa liturgi dari beberapa gereja Suriah/Siria: Gereja Ortodoks Suriah, Gereja Katolik Suriah, Gereja Maronit, Gereja Katolik Khaldea, Gereja Timur Asiria dan Gereja Tua Timur.
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dbr:Syriac_language__Sound__1
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n351:300
dbp:date
September 2018
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Help:Multilingual_support#Syriac/Aramaic script
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200
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n6:
dbp:reason
Does the 20th century refer to Syriac or Arabic?
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Mesopotamia , Kerala, northeastern Syria, southeastern Turkey, northwestern Iran, Lebanon, Eastern Arabia, Fertile Crescent
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Syriac text, written from right to left in a cursive style with some letters joined
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ʾAḇôn daḇašmayyā
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n365:synset-language-noun-1
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1
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Lord's Prayer, sung in Western Syriac
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,
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aboun.ogg
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Leššānā Suryāyā in written Syriac
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syc
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dbr:Syria dbr:Mesopotamia dbr:Lebanon dbr:Kerala dbr:Iran dbr:Fertile_Crescent dbr:Eastern_Arabia dbr:Turkey
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syc
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86008
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