_:b663519995 . _:b665862878 . _:b665805418 "every entity of which a material entity is continuant part is also a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [021-002])"@en . _:b665862150 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663516130 "A proximal-distal subdivision of the digestive tract."^^ . _:b663519959 . _:b663519958 . _:b663519961 . _:b666209583 . _:b663519960 . _:b666209582 . _:b663519963 . _:b666209581 . _:b665860531 . _:b663519962 . _:b666209580 . _:b665860532 . _:b663520085 . _:b666209579 . _:b666238573 _:b666238579 . _:b663519964 . _:b666209578 . _:b666209577 . _:b665862071 . _:b663519965 . _:b663519704 . _:b665862041 "requested by Melanie Courtot" . _:b666209585 . _:b663914457 "2024-08-09T18:13:13.294795"^^ . _:b666209584 . _:b665806228 . _:b666209061 . _:b666209335 "(forall (x t) (if (IndependentContinuant x) (exists (r) (and (SpatialRegion r) (locatedInAt x r t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [134-001] " . _:b665861291 "b is a relational quality = Def. for some independent continuants c, d and for some time t: b quality_of c at t & b quality_of d at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [057-001])"@en . _:b666238215 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_gastrointestinal_tract" . _:b665805439 "(forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [102-001] " . _:b666238896 "(forall (x) (if (FiatObjectPart x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y) (and (Object y) (properContinuantPartOfAt x y t)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [027-004] " . _:b663914222 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b663914173 . _:b666209656 "TAO"^^ . _:b665860536 . _:b665860537 . _:b665860538 . _:b663516312 . _:b665860525 . _:b666238543 . _:b665861197 "Every occurrent occupies_spatiotemporal_region some spatiotemporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [108-001])"@en . _:b663516294 . _:b665860498 . _:b663516290 . _:b663520809 "(forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [102-001] " . _:b663913433 "ncithesaurus:Intestine"^^ . _:b665862294 . _:b663516303 . _:b663520110 . _:b666238544 . _:b665860862 . _:b665860863 . _:b665860860 . _:b665860861 . _:b665860858 . _:b665860859 . _:b665862941 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b665860856 . _:b665860857 . _:b666238380 . _:b665805531 . _:b663515783 "(forall (x) (if (ObjectAggregate x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y z) (and (Object y) (Object z) (memberPartOfAt y x t) (memberPartOfAt z x t) (not (= y z)))))) (not (exists (w t_1) (and (memberPartOfAt w x t_1) (not (Object w)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [025-004] " . _:b665860854 . _:b665860855 . _:b665860852 . _:b665860853 . _:b666238381 . _:b665805530 . _:b665860850 . _:b665860851 . _:b665862675 . _:b665860848 . _:b665860849 . _:b666238382 . _:b665860846 . _:b665862840 . _:b665860847 . _:b665860844 . _:b665860845 . _:b666238383 . _:b665860842 . _:b665862841 . _:b665860843 . _:b665860840 . _:b665860841 . _:b666238376 . _:b665862104 . _:b665860838 . _:b665862842 . _:b665860839 . _:b665860836 . _:b665860837 . _:b663516339 . _:b665860834 . _:b665862843 . _:b665860835 . _:b665860832 . _:b665860833 . _:b666238378 . _:b665860830 . _:b665860831 . _:b663520960 "DOI:10.1046/j.1525-142x.2000.00076.x Smith DM, Grasty RC, Theodosiou NA, Tabin CJ, Nascone-Yoder NM, Evolutionary relationships between the amphibian, avian, and mammalian stomachs. Evolution and development (2000)"^^ . _:b665860828 . _:b665860829 . _:b666238379 . _:b665860826 . _:b665860827 . _:b665860824 . _:b665860825 . _:b666238388 . _:b666209630 "TAO"^^ . _:b663516348 . _:b665860822 . _:b665860488 . _:b665860823 . _:b665860820 . _:b665860821 . _:b665860818 . _:b665860819 . _:b665860816 . _:b665860817 . _:b666238371 "the terminal portion of the intestinal tube, terminating with the anus"^^ . _:b665860814 . _:b665860815 . _:b665860812 . _:b665862839 . _:b665860813 . _:b665860810 . _:b665860811 . _:b665860808 . _:b665860809 . _:b666238384 . _:b665860806 . _:b665860492 . _:b665860807 . _:b665860804 . _:b665860805 . _:b666238385 . _:b665860754 "VHOG:0000648"^^ . _:b665860802 . _:b665860803 . _:b665860800 . _:b665860801 . _:b666238386 . _:b665860798 . _:b665860799 . _:b665860796 . _:b665860797 . _:b666238387 . _:b665860794 . _:b665860795 . _:b665860792 . _:b665860793 . _:b665860790 . _:b665860791 . _:b665860788 . _:b663913313 "a one-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a continuous fiat line whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [032-001])"@en . _:b665860789 . _:b665860786 . _:b665860787 . _:b665860784 . _:b665860785 . _:b665860782 . _:b665860783 . _:b665860780 . _:b665860781 . _:b663516321 . _:b665860778 . _:b665860779 . _:b665860776 . _:b665860777 . _:b665860774 . _:b665805460 . _:b665860775 . _:b665860772 . _:b665860773 . _:b665860770 . _:b665860771 . _:b665860768 . _:b665860769 . _:b665860766 . _:b665860767 . _:b665860764 . _:b665860765 . _:b665860762 . _:b665862829 . _:b665798524 . _:b665860763 . _:b665860760 . _:b665860761 . _:b665860758 . _:b665862830 . _:b665798525 . _:b665860759 . _:b665798010 . _:b665860756 . _:b665860757 . _:b665860754 . _:b665798526 . _:b665860755 . _:b665798011 . _:b665860752 . _:b665860753 . _:b665860750 . _:b666209374 "a quality is a specifically dependent continuant that, in contrast to roles and dispositions, does not require any further process in order to be realized. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [055-001])"@en . _:b665798527 . _:b665860751 . _:b665798008 . _:b665860748 . _:b665860749 . _:b665860746 . _:b665798520 . _:b665860747 . _:b665860744 . _:b665860745 . _:b665805601 . _:b665860742 . _:b665798521 . _:b665860743 . _:b665860740 . _:b665860741 . _:b665860738 . _:b665798522 . _:b666238945 "url:https://www.foodsafety.gov/poisoning/causes/bacteriaviruses/salmonella" . _:b665860739 . _:b665860736 . _:b665860737 . _:b663516330 . _:b663520100 . _:b665860734 . _:b665798523 . _:b665860735 . _:b665798012 . _:b665860732 . _:b665860733 . _:b665860730 . _:b665798516 . _:b665860731 . _:b665798013 . _:b665860728 . _:b665860729 . _:b665860726 . _:b665798517 . _:b665860727 . _:b665860724 . _:b666208834 "AAO:0000579"^^ . _:b663515857 . _:b665860725 . _:b663516375 . _:b665860722 . _:b665798518 . _:b665860723 . _:b665860720 . _:b665862814 . _:b665860721 . _:b665860718 . _:b665798519 . _:b665860719 . _:b665860716 . _:b665860717 . _:b665860714 . _:b665798512 . _:b665860715 . _:b665860712 . _:b665860713 . _:b665805540 . _:b665860710 . _:b665860551 . _:b665860711 . _:b665798006 . _:b665805823 "2024-09-28T12:43:29.777781"^^ . _:b665798513 . _:b665860708 . _:b665805597 . _:b665860709 . _:b665860706 . _:b665860550 . _:b665860707 . _:b665798514 . _:b665860704 . _:b665860705 . _:b665860702 . _:b665860549 . _:b665860703 . _:b665798515 . _:b665860700 . _:b665860701 . _:b665860698 . _:b663515930 . _:b665860699 . _:b665798005 . _:b665798508 . _:b665860696 . _:b665860697 . _:b665860694 . _:b665798509 . _:b665860695 . _:b665860692 . _:b665862292 "ncithesaurus:Jejunum"^^ . _:b665860693 . _:b665860690 . _:b665862080 "1"^^ . _:b665798510 . _:b665860691 . _:b665860688 . _:b665805600 . _:b665860689 . _:b665860686 . _:b665862081 "1"^^ . _:b665798511 . _:b665860687 . _:b665860684 . _:b665860685 . _:b665860682 . _:b665798504 . _:b665860683 . _:b665860680 . _:b665860681 . _:b665860678 . _:b665798505 . _:b665860679 . _:b665860676 . _:b665860677 . _:b665805607 . _:b665860674 . _:b663914167 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b665860675 . _:b665798506 . _:b665860672 . _:b665860673 . _:b665805606 . _:b665860670 . _:b665798507 . _:b665860671 . _:b665860668 . _:b663913232 "(forall (x t) (if (IndependentContinuant x) (exists (r) (and (SpatialRegion r) (locatedInAt x r t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [134-001] " . _:b663516357 . _:b665860669 . _:b665860666 . _:b665798500 . _:b665860667 . _:b665860664 . _:b665860665 . _:b665860662 . _:b665798501 . _:b665862954 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b665860663 . _:b665860660 . _:b665860661 . _:b665805611 . _:b665860658 . _:b665798502 . _:b665860659 . _:b665860656 . _:b665860657 . _:b665860654 . _:b665798503 . _:b665860655 . _:b665860652 . _:b665860653 . _:b665860650 . _:b665798496 . _:b665860651 . _:b663519705 . _:b665860648 . _:b665860649 . _:b665805608 . _:b665860646 . _:b665798497 . _:b665860647 . _:b665805523 _:b665805522 . _:b665860644 . _:b665860645 . _:b665862801 . _:b665860642 . _:b665798498 . _:b665860643 . _:b665860640 . _:b665860641 . _:b665860638 . _:b665798499 . _:b665860639 . _:b665860636 . _:b665805508 _:b665805509 . _:b665862807 . _:b665860637 . _:b665805522 _:b665805521 . _:b665805613 . _:b665860634 . _:b665798492 . _:b665860635 . _:b665860632 . _:b665860633 . _:b665860630 . _:b665798493 . _:b665860631 . _:b665860628 . _:b665860629 . _:b665860626 . _:b665798494 . _:b665860627 . _:b665860624 . _:b665860625 . _:b663516366 . _:b665860622 . _:b665798495 . _:b665860623 . _:b665860620 . _:b665860621 . _:b665862811 . _:b665860618 . _:b665798488 . _:b665860619 . _:b665805520 _:b665805523 . _:b665860616 . _:b665860617 . _:b665860614 . _:b665863044 "3"^^ . _:b665798489 . _:b665860615 . _:b665860612 . _:b665860613 . _:b665860610 . _:b665798490 . _:b665860611 . _:b665860608 . _:b665860609 . _:b665861118 . _:b665798491 . _:b665861119 . _:b663913965 "(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (hasContinuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [126-001] " . _:b665861116 . _:b665861117 . _:b665861114 . _:b665798484 . _:b665861115 . _:b665805505 _:b665805504 . _:b665861112 . _:b665861113 . _:b665861110 . _:b665798485 . _:b665861111 . _:b665805506 _:b665805505 . _:b665861108 . _:b665861109 . _:b665861106 . _:b663516421 . _:b665798486 . _:b665861107 . _:b665861104 . _:b665861105 . _:b665861102 . _:b665798487 . _:b665861103 . _:b665861100 . _:b665861101 . _:b665861098 . _:b665798480 . _:b665861099 . _:b665805511 _:b665805510 . _:b665862048 "url:https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/general/index.html" . _:b665861096 . _:b665861097 . _:b665861094 . _:b665798481 . _:b665861095 . _:b663520172 . _:b665861092 . _:b666238837 "Occurrent doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the sum of a process and the process boundary of another process."@en . _:b665861093 . _:b665861090 . _:b663516417 . _:b665798482 . _:b665861091 . _:b665805512 _:b665805515 . _:b665805510 _:b665805508 . _:b665861088 . _:b665861089 . _:b663516402 . _:b665861086 . _:b663516673 "VHOG:0000056"^^ . _:b665861087 . _:b665798483 . _:b665861084 . _:b665861085 . _:b665861082 . _:b665798476 . _:b665861083 . _:b663520171 . _:b665861080 . _:b665861081 . _:b665861078 . _:b666239316 . _:b665798477 . _:b663516420 . _:b665861079 . _:b663914259 "cecum"^^ . _:b665861076 . _:b665805514 _:b665805513 . _:b665861077 . _:b665861074 . _:b665798478 . _:b665861075 . _:b665861072 . _:b665797954 . _:b665861073 . _:b663516414 . _:b665861070 . _:b665863046 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665798479 . _:b665861071 . _:b663520182 . _:b665805515 _:b665805514 . _:b665797955 . _:b665861068 . _:b665861069 . _:b665805633 . _:b665861066 . _:b665798472 . _:b665861067 . _:b663520183 . _:b665861064 . _:b665861065 . _:b665805632 . _:b665861062 . _:b665798473 . _:b663516416 . _:b665861063 . _:b665861060 . _:b665861061 . _:b665798467 "Continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example, in an expansion involving bringing in some of Ceuster's other portions of reality, questions are raised as to whether universals are continuants"@en . _:b666239313 . _:b665861058 . _:b665798474 . _:b665861059 . _:b665805507 _:b665805511 . _:b665861056 . _:b665861057 . _:b665861054 . _:b665798475 . _:b665861055 . _:b663520178 . _:b665805312 _:b665805311 . _:b665861052 . _:b665861053 . _:b665805455 . _:b665861050 . _:b665805313 _:b665805310 . _:b665798468 . _:b665861051 . _:b665861048 . _:b665861049 . _:b665805636 . _:b665861046 . _:b665798469 . _:b665861047 . _:b665861044 . _:b665861045 . _:b665861042 . _:b665798470 . _:b665861043 . _:b663520177 . _:b665805552 _:b665805556 . _:b665861040 . _:b665861041 . _:b665861038 . _:b663516529 "(forall (x) (if (ObjectAggregate x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y z) (and (Object y) (Object z) (memberPartOfAt y x t) (memberPartOfAt z x t) (not (= y z)))))) (not (exists (w t_1) (and (memberPartOfAt w x t_1) (not (Object w)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [025-004] " . _:b665798471 . _:b665861039 . _:b665861036 . _:b665861037 . _:b665862889 . _:b663516385 . _:b665861034 . _:b665861035 . _:b665861032 . _:b665805557 _:b665805561 . _:b665862890 . _:b665861033 . _:b665861030 . _:b665798465 . _:b665861031 . _:b665805560 _:b665805559 . _:b665861028 . _:b665861029 . _:b665862891 . _:b665805561 _:b665805560 . _:b665863037 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665861026 . _:b665805561 _:b665805558 . _:b663516500 . _:b665861027 . _:b665798466 . _:b665861024 . _:b665861025 . _:b665861022 . _:b663516501 . _:b665861023 . _:b663520186 . _:b665798467 . _:b665861020 . _:b665861021 . _:b665861018 . _:b665863027 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663520187 . _:b665861019 . _:b665861016 . _:b665861017 . _:b665861014 . _:b665798589 . _:b665861015 . _:b665861012 . _:b665805556 _:b665805553 . _:b663516399 . _:b665861013 . _:b665861010 . _:b665861011 . _:b665861008 . _:b665805556 _:b665805555 . _:b665862880 . _:b665861009 . _:b665861006 . _:b663515945 . _:b665806186 . _:b665861007 . _:b665861004 . _:b665861005 . _:b665861002 . _:b665862881 . _:b665806124 "All realizable dependent continuants have independent continuants that are not spatial regions as their bearers. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [060-002])"@en . _:b665861003 . _:b665798584 . _:b665805517 . _:b665861000 . _:b665861001 . _:b665862882 . _:b665860998 . _:b665860999 . _:b665860996 . _:b665860997 . _:b665860994 . _:b665860995 . _:b665860992 . _:b665860993 . _:b665805555 _:b665805554 . _:b665863018 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665861683 . _:b665860990 . _:b665860991 . _:b665860988 . _:b665860989 . _:b665860986 . _:b665798580 . _:b665806155 "(forall (x) (if (Function x) (Disposition x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [064-001] " . _:b665860987 . _:b665860984 . _:b665860985 . _:b665860982 . _:b665798581 . _:b665860983 . _:b665860980 . _:b665860981 . _:b665860978 . _:b665798582 . _:b665860979 . _:b665860976 . _:b665860977 . _:b665860974 . _:b665798583 . _:b665860975 . _:b665860972 . _:b665860973 . _:b665860970 . _:b665798576 . _:b663520319 "ncithesaurus:Ileum"^^ . _:b665860971 . _:b665860968 . _:b665860509 . _:b665860969 . _:b665860966 . _:b665798577 . _:b665860967 . _:b665860964 . _:b665860508 . _:b665860965 . _:b665860962 . _:b665798578 . _:b665860963 . _:b665805550 _:b665805547 . _:b665805551 _:b665805550 . _:b665860960 . _:b665860961 . _:b665860958 . _:b665862876 . _:b665798579 . _:b665860959 . _:b665805549 _:b665805548 . _:b665860956 . _:b665860957 . _:b665862877 . _:b665860954 . _:b665798572 . _:b665860955 . _:b663516480 "(forall (x) (if (SpatialRegion x) (Continuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [035-001] " . _:b665805550 _:b665805549 . _:b665860952 . _:b665860953 . _:b665860950 . _:b665798573 . _:b665860951 . _:b665860948 . _:b665860949 . _:b665862879 . _:b665860946 . _:b665798574 . _:b665860947 . _:b665806188 "A primary bacterial infectious disease caused by the bacteria of the genus Salmonella. It has sypmtoms diarrhea, fever, vomiting, and abdominal cramps 12 to 72 hours after infection. In most cases, the illness lasts four to seven days, and most people recover without treatment." . _:b665860944 . _:b665860945 . _:b665860942 . _:b665798575 . _:b665860943 . _:b665860940 . _:b665860941 . _:b665860938 . _:b663516180 . _:b665798568 . _:b665860939 . _:b665860936 . _:b665860937 . _:b665860934 . _:b665798569 . _:b665860935 . _:b665798210 "To say that each spatiotemporal region s temporally_projects_onto some temporal region t is to say that t is the temporal extension of s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [080-003])"@en . _:b665860932 . _:b665860933 . _:b665860930 . _:b665798570 . _:b665860931 . _:b665860928 . _:b665860929 . _:b665860926 . _:b663516183 . _:b665798571 . _:b665860927 . _:b665805546 _:b665805551 . _:b665860924 . _:b665860925 . _:b665860922 . _:b665798564 . _:b665860923 . _:b665860920 . _:b665798072 "In fish, the divisions of the small intestine are not as clear, and the terms anterior intestine or proximal intestine may be used instead of duodenum."^^ . _:b665860921 . _:b665860918 . _:b665798565 . _:b665860919 . _:b665860916 . _:b665860917 . _:b665860914 . _:b665798566 . _:b665860915 . _:b663520145 . _:b665860912 . _:b665860913 . _:b665805461 _:b665805462 . _:b665860910 . _:b665860730 "UMLS:C0034896"^^ . _:b665798567 . _:b663913330 "A primary bacterial infectious disease caused by the bacteria of the genus Salmonella. It has sypmtoms diarrhea, fever, vomiting, and abdominal cramps 12 to 72 hours after infection. In most cases, the illness lasts four to seven days, and most people recover without treatment." . _:b665860911 . _:b665860556 . _:b665860908 . _:b665860909 . _:b665860906 . _:b665798560 . _:b665860907 . _:b665860904 . _:b665860905 . _:b665860902 . _:b665798561 . _:b665860903 . _:b665805445 _:b665805444 . _:b665862861 . _:b665860900 . _:b665805454 _:b665805457 . _:b665860901 . _:b665860898 . _:b665798562 . _:b665860899 . _:b665805446 _:b665805445 . _:b665860555 . _:b665860896 . _:b665860897 . _:b665860894 . _:b665798563 . _:b665860895 . _:b665860892 . _:b665860893 . _:b665860890 . _:b665798556 . _:b665860891 . _:b665860888 . _:b665860889 . _:b665860886 . _:b665862992 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665798557 . _:b665860887 . _:b665860884 . _:b665860885 . _:b665860882 . _:b665798558 . _:b665860883 . _:b665806513 . _:b665860880 . _:b665860881 . _:b665861234 "If b is a realizable entity then for all t at which b exists, b s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [063-002])"@en . _:b665860878 . _:b665798559 . _:b665860879 . _:b663516852 . _:b665860876 . _:b665860877 . _:b665860874 . _:b665798552 . _:b665860875 . _:b663516851 . _:b665860872 . _:b666239118 "The terminal portion of the large intestine between the ileo-pelvic colon and the anus. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665860873 . _:b665860542 . _:b665860870 . _:b665798553 . _:b665860871 . _:b665806516 . _:b665860868 . _:b665862293 "intestinum jejunum"^^ . _:b665860869 . _:b665806142 "An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects " . _:b665860866 . _:b665805443 _:b665805446 . _:b665860543 . _:b665860546 . _:b665860867 . _:b665798554 . _:b665860864 . _:b666209589 . _:b665860865 . _:b665806143 "An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects " . _:b665860350 . _:b665860545 . _:b665860351 . _:b665798555 . _:b665860348 . _:b665862848 . _:b665862229 "UMLS:C0007531"^^ . _:b663516221 . _:b665860349 . _:b665860541 . _:b665860346 . _:b665798548 . _:b665860347 . _:b665860545 . _:b665860344 . _:b665860345 . _:b665860493 . _:b665860342 . _:b665805567 _:b665805570 . _:b665798549 . _:b665860343 . _:b665860340 . _:b665860341 . _:b663516215 . _:b665860492 . _:b665860338 . _:b665797822 "(iff (OneDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [032-001] " . _:b665798550 . _:b665860339 . _:b665860336 . _:b665805466 _:b665805469 . _:b665860337 . _:b665860334 . _:b665798551 . _:b665860335 . _:b665805456 _:b665805455 . _:b665860572 . _:b665860332 . _:b665860333 . _:b665860494 . _:b665860330 . _:b665798544 . _:b663913553 "2012-08-14"^^ . _:b665860331 . _:b665860328 . _:b665860329 . _:b665860326 . _:b665798545 . _:b665860327 . _:b665860324 . _:b665860325 . _:b665860322 . _:b665798546 . _:b666238293 "intestinum crassum"^^ . _:b665860323 . _:b665860320 . _:b665860321 . _:b665860491 . _:b665860318 . _:b665798547 . _:b665860319 . _:b665860316 . _:b665805640 "VHOG:0000648"^^ . _:b665860317 . _:b665805457 _:b665805456 . _:b665860314 . _:b665798540 . _:b665860315 . _:b665860312 . _:b665860313 . _:b663516220 . _:b665805469 _:b665805468 . _:b665860310 . _:b665798541 . _:b665860311 . _:b665860566 . _:b665860308 . _:b665805414 "A one-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is extended. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [103-001])"@en . _:b665860309 . _:b665805470 _:b665805473 . _:b665860306 . _:b665798542 . _:b665860307 . _:b665860567 . _:b665860304 . _:b665806224 . _:b665860305 . _:b665860302 . _:b665798543 . _:b665860303 . _:b665860564 . _:b665860300 . _:b665860301 . _:b665860298 . _:b665798536 . _:b665860299 . _:b665805468 _:b665805467 . _:b665860565 . _:b665860296 . _:b665860297 . _:b665860294 . _:b665798537 . _:b665860295 . _:b665860292 . _:b665860293 . _:b665860290 . _:b665798538 . _:b665860291 . _:b665860288 . _:b665860289 . _:b665860286 . _:b665805321 . _:b665860287 . _:b665798539 . _:b665860284 . _:b665860285 . _:b666239024 . _:b665860282 . _:b665798532 . _:b665860283 . _:b665860561 . _:b665861293 "a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary (surface) is a self-connected fiat surface whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [033-001])"@en . _:b665860280 . _:b665860281 . _:b665805503 _:b665805506 . _:b665860278 . _:b665798533 . _:b665860279 . _:b665860276 . _:b665860277 . _:b665860274 . _:b665798534 . _:b665860275 . _:b665860272 . _:b665860273 . _:b665860270 . _:b665860540 . _:b665860271 . _:b665798535 . _:b665860524 . _:b665860268 . _:b665860269 . _:b666238194 "(iff (ZeroDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [031-001] " . _:b665860266 . _:b665805318 . _:b665860267 . _:b665798528 . _:b665860264 . _:b665861474 "MP:0000492"^^ . _:b665805496 _:b665805497 . _:b665860265 . _:b665805485 _:b665805484 . _:b665860262 . _:b665798529 . _:b665860263 . _:b665860512 . _:b665860260 . _:b665860261 . _:b665860258 . _:b665860539 . _:b665860259 . _:b665798530 . _:b665860513 . _:b665860256 . _:b665860257 . _:b665805485 _:b665805482 . _:b665860254 . _:b665798531 . _:b665860255 . _:b665805472 _:b665805471 . _:b665860520 . _:b665860252 . _:b665860514 . _:b665860253 . _:b665860250 . _:b665805484 _:b665805483 . _:b663913215 . _:b665860251 . _:b665860248 . _:b665860249 . _:b665860246 . _:b666239168 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b665805315 . _:b665860247 . _:b665860244 . _:b665860245 . _:b665860242 . _:b665860243 . _:b665860448 "Occurrent doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the sum of a process and the process boundary of another process."@en . _:b665860240 . _:b665860241 . _:b666209460 . _:b665860238 . _:b665863101 "subdivision of alimentary system"^^ . _:b663520150 . _:b665860239 . _:b665860236 . _:b665860237 . _:b666209542 . _:b665805473 _:b665805472 . _:b665862967 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665860234 . _:b663520149 . _:b665860235 . _:b665805491 _:b665805492 . _:b665860232 . _:b665860233 . _:b665860230 . _:b665860231 . _:b665860228 . _:b665805481 _:b665805485 . _:b665860229 . _:b665860226 . _:b663516900 "GO:0060465"^^ . _:b665860227 . _:b665860224 . _:b665860225 . _:b665860222 . _:b665860223 . _:b666209679 "mid-intestine"^^ . _:b666209559 . _:b665860220 . _:b665860221 . _:b665860218 . _:b665862955 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665860219 . _:b665860216 . _:b665805500 _:b665805499 . _:b663516573 . _:b665860217 . _:b663913340 "url:http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf" . _:b665860214 . _:b665860215 . _:b663516594 . _:b665860212 . _:b665860213 . _:b665860210 . _:b665860211 . _:b666209562 . _:b663516593 . _:b665860208 . _:b665860209 . _:b665860544 . _:b663516592 . _:b665860206 . _:b665860207 . _:b665860204 . _:b665860205 . _:b665860202 . _:b665860203 . _:b665860541 . _:b665860200 . _:b665860201 . _:b665805499 _:b665805498 . _:b665860198 . _:b665860199 . _:b665860506 . _:b665860196 . _:b665860197 . _:b665860194 . _:b665860195 . _:b663913527 "2012-08-14"^^ . _:b665860507 . _:b665860192 . _:b665860193 . _:b666209464 . _:b665805492 _:b665805495 . _:b665860536 . _:b665805486 _:b665805487 . _:b665805495 _:b665805494 . _:b665805497 _:b665805500 . _:b665805494 _:b665805493 . _:b666208669 "(iff (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ImmaterialEntity a) (exists (b) (and (or (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b)) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))) (not (exists (c t) (and (SpatialRegion c) (continuantPartOfAt c a t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [029-001] " . . _:b663516580 . _:b663516751 "A cecum is present in most amniote species, and also in lungfish, but not in any living species of amphibian. In reptiles, it is usually a single median structure, arising from the dorsal side of the large intestine. Birds typically have two paired ceca, as, unlike other mammals, do hyraxes. Most mammalian herbivores have a relatively large cecum, hosting a large number of bacteria, which aid in the enzymatic breakdown of plant materials such as cellulose; in many species, it is considerably wider than the colon. In contrast, obligatory carnivores, whose diets contain little or no plant material, have a reduced cecum, which is often partially or wholly replaced by the vermiform appendix. Many fish have a number of small outpocketings, called pyloric ceca, along their intestine; despite the name they are not homologous with the cecum of amniotes, and their purpose is to increase the overall area of the digestive epithelium.[2] Some invertebrates, such as squid,[3] may also have structures with the same name, but these have no relationship with those of vertebrates."^^ . _:b665862408 . _:b665862942 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663914083 . _:b665862419 . _:b663516596 . _:b665862410 . _:b665862416 . _:b663520741 . _:b665860512 . _:b663521059 "middle intestine"^^ . _:b663516600 . _:b663516228 . _:b665805745 . _:b663516591 . _:b663516225 . _:b665862401 . _:b665860485 . _:b665862243 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b665860606 . _:b665860607 . _:b665860604 . _:b665860605 . _:b665860602 . _:b665860603 . _:b665860600 . _:b665860601 . _:b665860598 . _:b665860599 . _:b663913215 . _:b665860596 . _:b665860597 . _:b665862407 . _:b663516279 . _:b665860594 . _:b665860595 . _:b663913214 . _:b665860592 . _:b665860593 . _:b665860590 . _:b665860591 . _:b665862788 "a zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a fiat point whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [031-001])"@en . _:b663913213 . _:b665860588 . _:b663516596 . _:b665860589 . _:b665860586 . _:b666238234 . _:b665797765 "(forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [095-001] " . _:b665860587 . _:b663520766 . _:b665860584 . _:b665860585 . _:b665860582 . _:b665860583 . _:b663520767 . _:b665860580 . _:b663520757 . _:b665860581 . _:b665860578 . _:b665860579 . _:b665860576 . _:b665860577 . _:b663516274 . _:b665860574 . _:b665860575 . _:b665860572 . _:b665860573 . _:b665860570 . _:b665860571 . _:b665860568 . _:b665860569 . _:b663516284 . _:b665860566 . _:b663521011 "UMLS:C0009368"^^ . _:b665860567 . _:b665860564 . _:b665860565 . _:b665860562 . _:b665860563 . _:b665860560 . _:b665860561 . _:b665860520 . _:b665860558 . _:b665860559 . _:b663913266 . _:b663913221 . _:b663516600 . _:b665860510 . _:b665860556 . _:b665860557 . _:b665860521 . _:b665860554 . _:b665798600 . _:b663913220 . _:b665860555 . _:b665860511 . _:b665860552 . _:b665860501 . _:b665860553 . _:b663914008 "If b is a realizable entity then for all t at which b exists, b s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [063-002])"@en . _:b665860550 . _:b665860551 . _:b663913219 . _:b665806075 "if b is a material entity, then there is some temporal interval (referred to below as a one-dimensional temporal region) during which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [011-002])"@en . _:b665860548 . _:b665860549 . _:b665860546 . _:b665860547 . _:b663913218 . _:b665860544 . _:b665860545 . _:b665860542 . _:b665860543 . _:b663913217 . _:b665860540 . _:b665860541 . _:b665860538 . _:b665860539 . _:b663913216 . _:b665860536 . _:b665860537 . _:b663914044 "p is a process boundary =Def. p is a temporal part of a process & p has no proper temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [084-001])"@en . _:b663914237 "DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1996.tb01658.x Mallatt J, Ventilation and the origin of jawed vertebrates: a new mouth. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (1996)"^^ . _:b665860534 . _:b665860535 . _:b665861295 "requested by Melanie Courtot" . _:b663913272 . _:b665860532 . _:b665860533 . _:b665860530 . _:b665860531 . _:b665860528 . _:b665860529 . _:b663520033 "(forall (x) (if (Function x) (Disposition x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [064-001] " . _:b665860526 . _:b665860527 . _:b665805482 . _:b665860524 . _:b663520711 . _:b665860525 . _:b665860522 . _:b665798592 . _:b665860523 . _:b665860520 . _:b665860521 . _:b665860518 . _:b665798593 . _:b665860519 . _:b665860516 . _:b665860517 . _:b663516259 . _:b665860514 . _:b665798594 . _:b665860515 . _:b665860512 . _:b665860513 . _:b665860510 . _:b665798595 . _:b665860511 . _:b665860508 . _:b665860509 . _:b663516269 . _:b665860506 . _:b665860507 . _:b665860504 . _:b665860505 . _:b665860502 . _:b665862896 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665860503 . _:b665860500 . _:b663520705 . _:b665860501 . _:b665860498 . _:b665860499 . _:b663516582 "url:http://www2.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/mwmednlm?book=Medical&va=anatomic" . _:b665860496 . _:b665860455 . _:b663520704 . _:b665860497 . _:b665860494 . _:b665860495 . _:b663913250 . _:b665860492 . _:b663520707 . _:b665860493 . _:b665860490 . _:b665860491 . _:b663913251 . _:b665860488 . _:b663520706 . _:b663516577 . _:b663516264 . _:b665860489 . _:b665860486 . _:b665860487 . _:b663913252 . _:b665860484 . _:b663520709 . _:b665860485 . _:b665860482 . _:b665860483 . _:b663913253 . _:b663520762 . _:b665860480 . _:b663520708 . _:b665860481 . _:b665860478 . _:b665860479 . _:b663520763 . _:b665860476 . _:b665860477 . _:b665860474 . _:b663516263 . _:b665860475 . _:b665860472 . _:b663516270 . _:b665860449 . _:b665860473 . _:b663520710 . _:b665860470 . _:b665860471 . _:b665860468 . _:b665860448 . _:b665860469 . _:b665860466 . _:b665860467 . _:b663516261 . _:b665860464 . _:b665860451 . _:b665860465 . _:b665860462 . _:b665860463 . _:b665860460 . _:b665860450 . _:b665860461 . _:b665860458 . _:b665860459 . _:b665860456 . _:b665860453 . _:b665860457 . _:b665860454 . _:b663516258 . _:b665860455 . _:b663516265 . _:b665860452 . _:b665805723 . _:b665860452 . _:b665860453 . _:b665860450 . _:b665860451 . _:b663516195 . _:b665860448 . _:b665805722 . _:b665860449 . _:b665860446 . _:b665860447 . _:b663913262 . _:b665860444 . _:b665860454 . _:b665860445 . _:b663515947 . _:b663516260 . _:b665860442 . _:b665860443 . _:b663516271 . _:b665860440 . _:b665860441 . _:b665860438 . _:b665860439 . _:b665860436 . _:b665860437 . _:b663520791 . _:b665860434 . _:b665860435 . _:b665860432 . _:b663914424 . _:b665860433 . _:b663520790 . _:b665862886 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663516268 . _:b665860430 . _:b665860431 . _:b665860428 . _:b663516285 . _:b665860429 . _:b663520789 . _:b665860426 . _:b665860427 . _:b665860424 . _:b665860425 . _:b665860422 . _:b665860423 . _:b663516266 . _:b665860420 . _:b665860421 . _:b665860418 . _:b665860419 . _:b663913237 . _:b665860416 . _:b665860417 . _:b665860414 . _:b665860415 . _:b665860412 . _:b665860413 . _:b663520809 . _:b665860410 . _:b663520785 . _:b665860411 . _:b665860408 . _:b663521045 "VHOG:0000052"^^ . _:b665860409 . _:b663520808 . _:b663516278 . _:b665860406 . _:b665860407 . _:b665860404 . _:b663516256 . _:b665860405 . _:b663520799 . _:b665860402 . _:b665860403 . _:b665860400 . _:b665860401 . _:b666209300 _:b666209304 . _:b665860398 . _:b665860399 . _:b666238973 _:b666238976 . _:b663913242 . _:b663516276 . _:b665860396 . _:b665860397 . _:b663516429 "0.0"^^ . _:b665860394 . _:b665860395 . _:b663913243 . _:b665860392 . _:b665860393 . _:b663520796 . _:b665860390 . _:b665860391 . _:b665860388 . _:b665860389 . _:b665860386 . _:b663516273 . _:b665860387 . _:b665860384 . _:b665860385 . _:b663520794 . _:b663516280 . _:b665860382 . _:b665860383 . _:b665860380 . _:b665860381 . _:b665860378 . _:b665860379 . _:b665860376 . _:b665860377 . _:b663516424 "0.0"^^ . _:b665860374 . _:b665860375 . _:b666209290 _:b666209294 . _:b663913216 . _:b663516286 . _:b665860372 . _:b665860373 . _:b663516534 "b is an object means: b is a material entity which manifests causal unity of one or other of the types CUn listed above & is of a type (a material universal) instances of which are maximal relative to this criterion of causal unity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [024-001])"@en . _:b663516439 "0.0"^^ . _:b665860370 . _:b663520749 . _:b665860371 . _:b663913217 . _:b665860368 . _:b665860369 . _:b663520774 . _:b665860366 . _:b663520748 . _:b665860367 . _:b665860364 . _:b666209295 _:b666209299 . _:b665860365 . _:b663516275 . _:b665860362 . _:b663516283 . _:b665860363 . _:b666209712 . _:b665860360 . _:b665860361 . _:b663520772 . _:b665860358 . _:b663520750 . _:b665860359 . _:b665860356 . _:b665860357 . _:b665860354 . _:b665860355 . _:b663516281 . _:b665860352 . _:b665860353 . _:b663516434 "0.0"^^ . _:b666239142 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b666209535 "VHOG:0000056"^^ . _:b665861886 . _:b663520770 . _:b665861887 . _:b665861884 . _:b665861885 . _:b663520747 . _:b666209285 _:b666209289 . _:b665861882 . _:b665861883 . _:b665861880 . _:b665861881 . _:b665861878 . _:b665861879 . _:b666209717 . _:b665861876 . _:b663516240 . _:b665861877 . _:b663520783 . _:b665861874 . _:b665861875 . _:b663913225 . _:b665861872 . _:b665861873 . _:b663516598 . _:b663516236 . _:b663913492 "esophagus NOT part of gut in MA. part of gut in ZFA. part_of gut (via UGIT) in FMA. Consider splitting. Interspecies: The human oesophagus is 25 cm long and has a diameter of ca. 2 cm. Only little information was found on the oesophagus in rat, rabbit and pig. The oesophagus of rat (75 x 2 mm) and rabbit has no mucous glands and the cardia of the stomach has a well-developed sphincter, which prevents them from vomiting (Hebel and Stromberg, 1988; Manning et al., 1994). Morphologically the oesophagus is similar in man and pig; both are omnivores and have a non-keratinised epithelium, submucous glands and similar membrane enzymes. Like in humans, pigs can suffer from reflux oesophagitis and stress ulceration of the oesophagus. The pig oesophagus may therefore be a good model for investigation compared to the human oesophagus (Christie et al., 1995)"^^ . _:b665861870 . _:b663520782 . _:b665861871 . _:b663913226 . _:b665861868 . _:b665861869 . _:b663516230 . _:b663515912 . _:b665861866 . _:b665861867 . _:b665861864 . _:b663516247 . _:b665861865 . _:b666209310 . _:b665861862 . _:b665861863 . _:b665861206 "(iff (IndependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (not (exists (b t) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [017-002] " . _:b665861860 . _:b663516244 . _:b665861861 . _:b663520779 . _:b665861858 . _:b665861859 . _:b665861856 . _:b665861857 . _:b663516232 . _:b665861854 . _:b665861855 . _:b663913230 . _:b663516224 . _:b665861852 . _:b665861853 . _:b666209307 . _:b663516234 . _:b663520777 . _:b665861850 . _:b665861851 . _:b663913231 . _:b665861848 . _:b665861849 . _:b665805760 . . _:b663913312 . _:b665861846 . _:b665861847 . . _:b665861844 . . _:b665861845 . . _:b665861842 . _:b665861843 . . _:b665861840 . _:b663516249 . _:b665797987 "WP:Stomach#In_other_animals"^^ . _:b666209284 . _:b665861841 . _:b665861838 . _:b665861839 . _:b665861836 . _:b665861837 . _:b663516227 . _:b663516190 . _:b665861834 . _:b665861835 . _:b665861832 . _:b665861833 . _:b665861830 . _:b663516239 . _:b665861831 . _:b665861828 . _:b666209703 . _:b665861829 . _:b665805773 . _:b665861826 . _:b665861827 . _:b663516233 . _:b665861824 . _:b663516253 . _:b665861825 . _:b666209280 . _:b663516602 . _:b663516237 . _:b665861822 . _:b665862199 . _:b665861823 . _:b666209715 . _:b665861820 . _:b663516226 . _:b665861821 . _:b665861818 . _:b665862198 . _:b665861819 . _:b665861816 . _:b665861817 . _:b663516254 . _:b665861814 . _:b665862197 . _:b663516243 . _:b665861815 . _:b665861812 . _:b665861813 . _:b665861810 . _:b665862760 "A function is a disposition that exists in virtue of the bearer\u2019s physical make-up and this physical make-up is something the bearer possesses because it came into being, either through evolution (in the case of natural biological entities) or through intentional design (in the case of artifacts), in order to realize processes of a certain sort. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [064-001])"@en . _:b665862196 . _:b665861811 . _:b665861808 . _:b666209725 . _:b666209706 . _:b665861809 . _:b665861806 . _:b665862195 . _:b665861807 . _:b665861804 . _:b665861805 . _:b666238247 . _:b665805313 _:b665805312 . _:b665862194 . _:b663516246 . _:b665861802 . _:b665861803 . _:b665805319 _:b665805318 . _:b663516231 . _:b665861800 . _:b665861801 . _:b663516250 . _:b663913837 . _:b665862193 . _:b665861798 . _:b665861799 . _:b663516242 . _:b665861796 . _:b665861797 . _:b663913829 . _:b665862192 . _:b665861794 . _:b665861795 . _:b665861792 . _:b663516229 . _:b665805316 _:b665805315 . _:b665861793 . _:b665861790 . _:b665861791 . _:b663913833 . _:b665861788 . _:b665805317 _:b665805319 . _:b663516252 . _:b665861789 . _:b665861786 . _:b663914354 . _:b665861787 . _:b665861784 . _:b663516235 . _:b665861785 . _:b665861782 . _:b665861783 . _:b663913845 . _:b665861780 . _:b665805320 _:b665805322 . _:b663913825 . _:b665805776 . _:b663516245 . _:b665861781 . _:b663520807 . _:b665861778 . _:b665861779 . _:b665861776 . _:b665861777 . _:b663516255 . _:b665861774 . _:b665861949 "For every independent continuant b and time t during the region of time spanned by its life, there are entities which s-depends_on b during t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [018-002])"@en . _:b665805322 _:b665805321 . _:b665861775 . _:b665861772 . _:b663516238 . _:b665861773 . _:b663516248 . _:b663913828 . _:b665861334 "1"^^ . _:b665861770 . _:b665860528 "A one-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is extended. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [103-001])"@en . _:b663516251 . _:b665861771 . _:b665805314 _:b665805316 . _:b665861768 . _:b665861769 . _:b663913838 . _:b665861335 "1"^^ . _:b665861766 . _:b663520804 . _:b665861767 . _:b665861764 . _:b663520765 . _:b663516241 . _:b665861765 . _:b665861762 . _:b665862282 . _:b665862200 . _:b663914024 "b is a role means: b is a realizable entity & b exists because there is some single bearer that is in some special physical, social, or institutional set of circumstances in which this bearer does not have to be& b is not such that, if it ceases to exist, then the physical make-up of the bearer is thereby changed. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [061-001])"@en . _:b665861763 . _:b663913848 . _:b665861760 . _:b663520764 . _:b665861761 . _:b663913831 . _:b665862283 . _:b665861758 . _:b663520802 . _:b665861759 . _:b665861756 . _:b665861757 . _:b665861754 . _:b665862280 . _:b665861755 . _:b663913824 . _:b665861752 . _:b663913854 . _:b665861753 . _:b663913834 . _:b663520800 . _:b665862281 . _:b663913244 . _:b665861750 . _:b665806194 . _:b665861751 . _:b665861748 . _:b665861749 . _:b665861746 . _:b665862286 . _:b663913245 . _:b665861747 . . _:b663913233 "(forall (x t) (if (and (IndependentContinuant x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (Entity y) (specificallyDependsOnAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [018-002] " . _:b665861744 . _:b665861745 . _:b665861742 . _:b663913246 . _:b665861743 . . _:b663913855 . _:b665862295 "middle intestine"^^ . _:b665861740 . _:b665861741 . _:b665862979 "ceca"^^ . _:b663913847 . _:b665862284 . _:b665861738 . _:b665861739 . _:b665861736 . _:b665861737 . _:b665861734 . _:b665862285 . _:b663913240 . _:b663914351 . _:b665861735 . _:b665861732 . _:b665861733 . _:b665861730 . _:b663913241 . _:b665805630 "intestinum caecum"^^ . _:b665861731 . _:b663913827 . _:b665861728 . _:b665861729 . _:b665861726 . _:b663913242 . _:b665861727 . _:b665861724 . _:b663913843 . _:b665861725 . _:b663520809 . _:b663913243 . _:b665861722 . _:b665861723 . _:b665861720 . _:b665861721 . _:b663913849 . _:b665861718 . _:b665805792 . _:b665861719 . _:b663913830 . _:b665861716 . _:b665861717 . _:b665863123 . _:b663913851 . _:b665861714 . _:b665861715 . _:b665861712 . _:b665861713 . _:b665861710 . _:b665862279 . _:b665861711 . _:b665861708 . _:b663516222 . _:b665861709 . _:b665805795 . _:b665861706 . _:b665861707 . _:b663913299 . _:b665861704 . _:b665861705 . _:b665861702 . _:b665861703 . _:b665861700 . _:b665861701 . _:b666209313 . _:b665860914 . _:b663913846 . _:b665861698 . _:b665861699 . _:b665861696 . _:b663913852 . _:b665861697 . _:b665861694 . _:b663913839 . _:b665861695 . _:b665861692 . _:b665861693 . _:b663516223 . _:b663913840 . _:b665861690 . _:b663913364 . _:b665861691 . _:b665861688 . _:b665861689 . _:b665860911 . _:b665861686 . _:b663516214 . _:b665861687 . _:b665861684 . _:b665861685 . _:b665861682 . _:b666208634 "(iff (SpecificallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (forall (t) (if (existsAt a t) (exists (b) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (not (SpatialRegion b)) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [050-003] " . _:b663913836 . _:b663913305 . _:b665861683 . _:b663913842 . _:b665861680 . _:b665861681 . _:b665861678 . _:b665861679 . _:b666238149 "b is a fiat object part = Def. b is a material entity which is such that for all times t, if b exists at t then there is some object c such that b proper continuant_part of c at t and c is demarcated from the remainder of c by a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [027-004])"@en . _:b663913306 . _:b665861676 . _:b665861677 . _:b663913804 . _:b665861674 . _:b663913809 . _:b665861675 . _:b665805703 _:b665805702 . _:b665861672 . _:b663913798 . _:b666208886 . _:b665861673 . _:b665805711 _:b665805714 . _:b665861670 . _:b665861671 . _:b665805705 _:b665805708 . _:b665861668 . _:b665861669 . _:b666208885 . _:b665861666 . _:b665861667 . _:b663913806 . _:b665861664 . _:b665805702 _:b665805701 . _:b666208884 . _:b665861665 . _:b665798525 "a quality is a specifically dependent continuant that, in contrast to roles and dispositions, does not require any further process in order to be realized. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [055-001])"@en . _:b665861662 . _:b665861663 . _:b663516218 . _:b665861660 . _:b663516205 . _:b665861661 . _:b666208883 . _:b665861658 . _:b665861659 . _:b663516213 . _:b665861656 . _:b663913794 . _:b666208882 . _:b663516204 . _:b665861657 . _:b663913812 . _:b665861654 . _:b665805707 _:b665805706 . _:b663913801 . _:b665861655 . _:b665861652 . _:b665861653 . _:b665861650 . _:b665861651 . _:b665861648 . _:b665861649 . _:b666208880 . _:b665805747 . _:b665861646 . _:b665805700 _:b665805703 . _:b665861647 . _:b663913797 . _:b666209580 "AAO:0000579"^^ . _:b665861644 . _:b663914319 "The first two fifth of the small intestine beyond the duodenum. It extends from the end of the duodenum to the ileum. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663913807 . _:b666208879 . _:b665863141 "FBbt:00100316"^^ . _:b663516200 . _:b665861645 . _:b665861642 . _:b663516219 . _:b665861643 . _:b665861640 . _:b663516201 . _:b665805708 _:b665805707 . _:b666209409 "every entity of which a material entity is continuant part is also a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [021-002])"@en . _:b665861641 . _:b665861638 . _:b663913818 . _:b665861639 . _:b665861636 . _:b665861637 . _:b665860574 . _:b665861634 . _:b663516203 . _:b665861635 . _:b665861632 . _:b665861633 . _:b665862142 . _:b665862143 . _:b663516202 . _:b663913793 . _:b665862140 . _:b665862141 . _:b663913348 . _:b665862112 . _:b665862138 . _:b665862139 . _:b663913821 . _:b665862136 . _:b665805719 _:b665805718 . _:b665862137 . _:b663913802 . _:b665862134 . _:b665862135 . _:b663913323 . _:b665862132 . _:b665862133 . _:b665862130 . _:b665862131 . _:b665862128 . _:b665805718 _:b665805717 . _:b665862129 . _:b665862126 . _:b665862127 . _:b665862124 . _:b665862125 . _:b665862122 . _:b665862123 . _:b665805713 _:b665805712 . _:b665862120 . _:b665862121 . _:b665862118 . _:b665805714 _:b665805713 . _:b665862119 . _:b665862116 . _:b665862117 . _:b663913822 . _:b665862114 . _:b665862115 . _:b665862112 . _:b665862113 . _:b665862110 . _:b663913310 . _:b665862111 . _:b663913325 . _:b665862108 . _:b665862109 . _:b663913811 . _:b666239067 . _:b663913311 . _:b665862106 . _:b665862107 . _:b663913324 . _:b665862104 . _:b665862105 . _:b665862102 . _:b665860464 "(forall (x y t) (if (and (SpatialRegion x) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)) (SpatialRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [036-001] " . _:b665862103 . _:b665862100 . _:b665862101 . _:b665862098 . _:b665862099 . _:b665862096 . _:b665862097 . _:b663913819 . _:b665862802 "A primary bacterial infectious disease that results_in infection located_in intestine, has_material_basis_in Campylobacter jejuni, which is transmitted_by ingestion of contaminated food or water or transmitted_by contact with infected people or animals. The infection has_symptom diarrhea or has_symptom dysentery, has_symptom abdominal cramps and pain, and has_symptom fever." . _:b665862094 . _:b665862095 . _:b665862092 . _:b665862093 . _:b665862090 . _:b665862091 . _:b665862088 . _:b665798144 "alimentary system subdivision"^^ . _:b663913800 . _:b665862089 . _:b663913813 . _:b665862086 . _:b665862087 . _:b663913815 . _:b665862084 . _:b663913803 . _:b665862085 . _:b665862082 . _:b665862083 . _:b665862080 . _:b665862081 . _:b663913820 . _:b666209410 "(forall (x) (if (MaterialEntity x) (IndependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [019-002] " . _:b665862078 . _:b665805716 _:b665805719 . _:b665862079 . _:b665862076 . _:b665862077 . _:b663516035 . _:b665862074 . _:b665806130 "If an entity is a quality at any time that it exists, then it is a quality at every time that it exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [105-001])"@en . _:b665862075 . _:b665805739 _:b665805736 . _:b665862072 . _:b665862073 . _:b665862246 "VHOG:0000648"^^ . _:b665862070 . _:b665862071 . _:b665862068 . _:b665805738 _:b665805737 . _:b665862069 . _:b663913810 . _:b665862066 . _:b665862067 . _:b665862064 . _:b663913816 . _:b665862065 . _:b665862062 . _:b663913775 . _:b665862063 . _:b665805739 _:b665805738 . _:b665862060 . _:b665805735 _:b665805740 . _:b663913688 . _:b665862061 . _:b665862058 . _:b665862059 . _:b666208788 . _:b665862056 . _:b665805740 _:b665805739 . _:b665862057 . _:b663913766 . _:b665862054 . _:b665862055 . _:b666208789 . _:b665862052 . _:b665862053 . _:b665862050 . _:b665862051 . _:b666208790 . _:b665862048 . _:b665862049 . _:b665862046 . _:b665862047 . _:b663913760 . _:b665862044 . _:b665805729 _:b665805732 . _:b663913763 . _:b665862045 . _:b665862042 . _:b665862043 . _:b665862040 . _:b665862041 . _:b665862038 . _:b665862039 . _:b665862036 . _:b665862037 . _:b663913770 . _:b665862034 . _:b665862035 . _:b666208786 . _:b665862032 . _:b665862033 . _:b665805731 _:b665805730 . _:b665862030 . _:b665862031 . _:b666208787 . _:b665862028 . _:b663520852 . _:b665862029 . _:b665862026 . _:b665862027 . _:b665806372 "NCBITaxon:8782"^^ . _:b665862024 . _:b663913765 . _:b665862025 . _:b665862022 . _:b665862023 . _:b665806373 "NCBITaxon:8782"^^ . _:b665862020 . _:b663913773 . _:b665862021 . _:b665862018 . _:b663515734 "(forall (x) (if (SpatialRegion x) (Continuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [035-001] " . _:b665862019 . _:b665862016 . _:b665805744 _:b665805745 . _:b665862017 . _:b665805732 _:b665805731 . _:b665862014 . _:b665862015 . _:b665862012 . _:b665862013 . _:b663913771 . _:b665862010 . _:b665862011 . _:b665862008 . _:b663516397 . _:b663913685 . _:b665862009 . _:b665862006 . _:b665862007 . _:b666209686 "ncithesaurus:Ileum"^^ . _:b665862004 . _:b665862005 . _:b665862002 . _:b663913790 . _:b663516389 . _:b665862003 . _:b665862000 . _:b663913768 . _:b665805533 . _:b665862001 . _:b665861998 . _:b665861999 . _:b665805757 _:b665805756 . _:b665861996 . _:b663913783 . _:b665861997 . _:b665861994 . _:b665805758 _:b665805757 . _:b665861995 . _:b665861992 . _:b665861993 . _:b665861990 . _:b665805752 _:b665805751 . _:b665861991 . _:b665861988 . _:b665861989 . _:b663913781 . _:b665861986 . _:b665805753 _:b665805752 . _:b663913761 . _:b666209443 "url:http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf" . _:b665861987 . _:b665861984 . _:b665861985 . _:b665861982 . _:b663516392 . _:b663516384 . _:b665861983 . _:b665861980 . _:b665805750 _:b665805753 . _:b665861465 "UMLS:C0014876"^^ . _:b663516445 . _:b665861981 . _:b665861978 . _:b665861979 . _:b665861976 . _:b663913778 . _:b665861977 . _:b665861974 . _:b663516398 . _:b665861975 . _:b665861972 . _:b663913785 . _:b665861973 . _:b665861970 . _:b665861971 . _:b665861968 . _:b665861969 . _:b663913776 . _:b663516388 . _:b665861966 . _:b665861967 . _:b665861964 . _:b665861965 . _:b663913791 . _:b665861962 . _:b665805755 _:b665805758 . _:b665861963 . _:b665861960 . _:b665861961 . _:b665861958 . _:b663914123 . _:b665862413 . _:b665861959 . _:b665861956 . _:b665861957 . _:b665860590 . _:b665861954 . _:b665861955 . _:b663913780 . _:b665861952 . _:b663913788 . _:b665861953 . _:b665861950 . _:b665861951 . _:b665861948 . _:b665861949 . _:b665860705 "WP:Stomach#In_other_animals"^^ . _:b663516386 . _:b665861946 . _:b665861947 . _:b665861643 . _:b665805783 _:b665805782 . _:b665861944 . _:b665861945 . _:b663516387 . _:b663913786 . _:b665861942 . _:b665861943 . _:b663516412 . _:b665861940 . _:b665861941 . _:b665861938 . _:b665861939 . _:b665861936 . _:b665805782 _:b665805781 . _:b663516422 . _:b665861937 . _:b665861934 . _:b665861935 . _:b665861932 . _:b665861933 . _:b665861930 . _:b666209755 . _:b663516390 . _:b665861931 . _:b665861928 . _:b665861929 . _:b663516391 . _:b665861926 . _:b665861927 . _:b663913741 . _:b665861924 . _:b665861925 . _:b665861922 . _:b663516401 . _:b663913745 . _:b665861923 . _:b663913726 . _:b665861920 . _:b665805654 . _:b663516418 . _:b665861921 . _:b665861918 . _:b665861919 . _:b665861916 . _:b665806415 "BTO:0000651"^^ . _:b663516394 . _:b665861917 . _:b665861914 . _:b665861915 . _:b665806139 "(forall (x) (if (FiatObjectPart x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y) (and (Object y) (properContinuantPartOfAt x y t)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [027-004] " . _:b665861912 . _:b663913735 . _:b665861913 . _:b665805791 _:b665805794 . _:b666239317 . _:b665861910 . _:b665861911 . _:b663913737 . _:b665861908 . _:b665861909 . _:b663913729 . _:b663516413 . _:b665860497 "a quality is a specifically dependent continuant that, in contrast to roles and dispositions, does not require any further process in order to be realized. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [055-001])"@en . _:b665861906 . _:b663516807 "ncithesaurus:Duodenum"^^ . _:b666239318 . _:b665861907 . _:b663913749 . _:b665861904 . _:b665805648 . _:b665861905 . _:b665861902 . _:b663516393 . _:b663913754 . _:b665861903 . _:b663913725 . _:b665861900 . _:b665861901 . _:b665861898 . _:b665861899 . _:b663913739 . _:b665861896 . _:b665861897 . _:b665861894 . _:b663913752 . _:b665861895 . _:b665861892 . _:b665861893 . _:b665805662 . _:b665861890 . _:b665861891 . _:b663913732 . _:b665861888 . _:b665861889 . _:b665805661 . _:b665861374 . _:b663913758 . _:b665861375 . _:b665805780 _:b665805783 . _:b663913742 . _:b663516370 . _:b665861372 . _:b665861373 . _:b665860851 . _:b665861370 . _:b665861371 . _:b663913720 . _:b665861368 . _:b665805647 . _:b665861369 . _:b663913738 . _:b665861366 . _:b663515833 . _:b663516364 . _:b665861367 . _:b665805772 _:b665805775 . _:b665861364 . _:b665861365 . _:b665861362 . _:b666209695 . _:b665861363 . _:b663913728 . _:b663516797 "intestinum tenue"^^ . _:b665861360 . _:b665861361 . _:b665805763 _:b665805762 . _:b666208606 "A spatiotemporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of spacetime. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [095-001])"@en . _:b663516356 . _:b665861358 . _:b665861359 . _:b666208868 "ncithesaurus:Cecum"^^ . _:b663913759 . _:b663516798 "intestinum tenue"^^ . _:b665861356 . _:b663913513 "cecum"^^ . _:b665805657 . _:b665861357 . _:b665861354 . _:b663913731 . _:b665861355 . _:b665861352 . _:b665861353 . _:b665805637 . _:b663516362 . _:b665861350 . _:b666209692 . _:b665861351 . _:b665861348 . _:b663913744 . _:b665861349 . _:b665861346 . _:b665861347 . _:b665861344 . _:b665805764 _:b665805763 . _:b665862204 . _:b665860856 . _:b665861345 . _:b665861342 . _:b663913734 . _:b665861343 . _:b663913755 . _:b665861340 . _:b665861341 . _:b663516359 . _:b663913747 . _:b665862205 . _:b665861338 . _:b665861339 . _:b665861336 . _:b663913751 . _:b665862206 . _:b663516379 . _:b665861337 . _:b665861334 . _:b665805768 _:b665805767 . _:b665861335 . _:b665861332 . _:b663913748 . _:b663516376 . _:b665861333 . _:b665805769 _:b665805768 . _:b663516365 . _:b665861330 . _:b665861331 . _:b665861328 . _:b665861329 . _:b665861326 . _:b665861327 . _:b665861324 . _:b665805766 _:b665805769 . _:b665861325 . _:b665861322 . _:b665861323 . _:b663913757 . _:b665861320 . _:b663913750 . _:b665805774 _:b665805773 . _:b665861321 . _:b665861318 . _:b663914122 . _:b663913736 . _:b665861319 . _:b665861316 . _:b665805645 . _:b663516353 . _:b665861317 . _:b665861314 . _:b665861315 . _:b663516355 . _:b665805775 _:b665805774 . _:b665861312 . _:b665861313 . _:b663913756 . _:b665861310 . _:b663914153 . _:b663516360 . _:b665861311 . _:b665805761 _:b665805764 . _:b665861308 . _:b665861309 . _:b665861306 . _:b663913743 . _:b665861307 . _:b663913753 . _:b665861304 . _:b663913746 . _:b665805820 _:b665805819 . _:b665861305 . _:b665805821 _:b665805820 . _:b663516374 . _:b665861302 . _:b663913740 . _:b665861303 . _:b665861300 . _:b665861301 . _:b665861298 . _:b665861299 . _:b665861296 . _:b663516383 . _:b665861297 . _:b665861294 . _:b663516380 . _:b663516352 . _:b665861295 . _:b665805809 _:b665805812 . _:b665861292 . _:b665861293 . _:b665862185 . _:b665861290 . _:b665805822 _:b665805821 . _:b665861291 . _:b665861288 . _:b665861289 . _:b665862186 . _:b663516448 . _:b665861286 . _:b665861553 "the portion of the small intestine that extends from the jejunum to the colon"^^ . _:b665861287 . _:b663516358 . _:b665861284 . _:b665860788 "The first part of the small intestine. At the junction of the stomach and the duodenum the alimentary canal is inflected. The duodenum first goes anteriorly for a short distance, turns dorsally, and eventually caudally, thus it is a U-shaped structure with two horizontal sections (a ventral and a dorsal one)."^^ . _:b665861285 . _:b663516451 . _:b665861282 . _:b665862187 . _:b663516377 . _:b665861283 . _:b663516369 . _:b665861280 . _:b665861281 . _:b665862188 . _:b665861278 . _:b665805818 _:b665805817 . _:b665861279 . _:b665805819 _:b665805818 . _:b665861276 . _:b665861277 . _:b665861274 . _:b665862189 . _:b663913501 . _:b665861275 . _:b665861272 . _:b663516373 . _:b665861273 . _:b665862190 . _:b665861270 . _:b665861271 . _:b665861268 . _:b665861269 . _:b663516467 "b is an occurrent entity iff b is an entity that has temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [079-001])"@en . _:b666238431 . _:b665861266 . _:b665861267 . _:b663516361 . _:b663914299 "2012-08-14"^^ . _:b665861264 . _:b665805812 _:b665805811 . _:b665861265 . _:b665798918 . _:b665861262 . _:b665861263 . _:b665861260 . _:b665861261 . _:b665862177 . _:b663516371 . _:b665861258 . _:b665861259 . _:b665861256 . _:b665862385 . _:b663516367 . _:b665861257 . _:b665861254 . _:b665861255 . _:b663516378 . _:b665861252 . _:b665861253 . _:b665861250 . _:b665861251 . _:b665861248 . _:b665861249 . _:b663516368 . _:b665805811 _:b665805810 . _:b665861246 . _:b665861247 . _:b665861244 . _:b665861245 . _:b665805614 . _:b665861242 . _:b665861243 . _:b663516332 . _:b665861240 . _:b665861241 . _:b665861238 . _:b665861239 . _:b665861236 . _:b665861237 . _:b665861234 . _:b663913495 . _:b665861235 . _:b665861232 . _:b665861233 . _:b665861230 . _:b665805796 _:b665805799 . _:b663516335 . _:b663516324 . _:b665861231 . _:b665861228 . _:b665861229 . _:b663516343 . _:b665861226 . _:b665861227 . _:b665861224 . _:b665861225 . _:b665862170 . _:b663516328 . _:b665861222 . _:b665861569 . _:b665861223 . _:b665861220 . _:b665861221 . _:b665862171 . _:b665861218 . _:b665861219 . _:b665862376 . _:b663515901 . _:b665861216 . _:b665861217 . _:b663516340 . _:b665861214 . _:b665862172 . _:b663516320 . _:b665861215 . _:b665805805 _:b665805804 . _:b665861212 . _:b665861213 . _:b665861210 . _:b666239196 "MP:0002581"^^ . _:b665805806 _:b665805805 . _:b665861211 . _:b665805793 _:b665805792 . _:b665861208 . _:b665861209 . _:b665862174 . _:b665861206 . _:b665805794 _:b665805793 . _:b665861207 . _:b665861204 . _:b665861205 . _:b665861202 . _:b665861203 . _:b663516333 . _:b663516326 . _:b665861200 . _:b665861201 . _:b665861198 . _:b665861199 . _:b665862373 . _:b665861196 . _:b665861197 . _:b666209700 . _:b665861194 . _:b665861195 . _:b665805799 _:b665805798 . _:b665861192 . _:b665861193 . _:b665861190 . _:b665861191 . _:b665861188 . _:b665861189 . _:b665861186 . _:b663516349 . _:b663516329 . _:b665861187 . _:b665861184 . _:b666239141 "AAO"^^ . _:b665860728 "MP:0000492"^^ . _:b665805798 _:b665805797 . _:b665861185 . _:b663913484 . _:b665861182 . _:b665861183 . _:b666238384 "NCBITaxon:8782"^^ . _:b663516323 . _:b665861180 . _:b665861181 . _:b665805803 _:b665805806 . _:b665861178 . _:b665861179 . _:b665861176 . _:b665861177 . _:b666209697 . _:b663516350 . _:b665861174 . _:b665861175 . _:b663516342 . _:b665861172 . _:b665861173 . _:b663516322 . _:b665861170 . _:b665861171 . _:b665861168 . _:b665861169 . _:b665861166 . _:b665861167 . _:b665861164 . _:b665861165 . _:b665860780 "VHOG:0000055"^^ . _:b665861162 . _:b665861163 . _:b663516344 . _:b663914273 "2012-08-14"^^ . _:b665805478 . _:b665861160 . _:b663913926 . _:b663516325 . _:b665861161 . _:b665861158 . _:b665861203 "For every independent continuant b and time t during the region of time spanned by its life, there are entities which s-depends_on b during t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [018-002])"@en . _:b663516338 . _:b665861159 . _:b665861156 . _:b665861157 . _:b665861154 . _:b666238434 "NCBITaxon:9606"^^ . _:b665861155 . _:b665861152 . _:b665861153 . _:b665861150 . _:b663515926 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b663516346 . _:b665861151 . _:b665861148 . _:b663516331 . _:b665861149 . _:b665861146 . _:b665861147 . _:b663516351 . _:b665861144 . _:b663913922 . _:b665861145 . _:b665861142 . _:b663914298 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b663516341 . _:b665861143 . _:b665861140 . _:b665861141 . _:b665805585 . _:b665861138 . _:b665861139 . _:b665861136 . _:b665861137 . _:b665862144 . _:b665861134 . _:b665861135 . _:b665861132 . _:b665861133 . _:b665862145 . _:b663516337 . _:b663913925 . _:b663516347 . _:b665861130 . _:b665861131 . _:b665862390 . _:b665861128 . _:b663516334 . _:b665861129 . _:b665861126 . _:b665861127 . _:b665861124 . _:b665861125 . _:b665861122 . _:b665861123 . _:b665861120 . _:b665861121 . _:b665861630 . _:b665861631 . _:b665861628 . _:b665861629 . _:b663516301 . _:b663913921 . _:b665861626 . _:b665861627 . _:b665861624 . _:b665861625 . _:b665861622 . _:b665806480 . _:b665862387 . _:b663516304 . _:b665861623 . _:b665861620 . _:b665861621 . _:b665861618 . _:b663516293 . _:b665861619 . _:b663516307 . _:b665861616 . _:b665861617 . _:b665861614 . _:b665862264 . _:b665861615 . _:b665861612 . _:b665861613 . _:b665862265 . _:b665861610 . _:b665861611 . _:b663516296 . _:b665861608 . _:b665861609 . _:b665861606 . _:b665861607 . _:b665861604 . _:b665861605 . _:b665862267 . _:b665861602 . _:b663516289 . _:b665861603 . _:b665861600 . _:b665861601 . _:b665861598 . _:b665861599 . _:b663516299 . _:b665861596 . _:b665861597 . _:b665861594 . _:b665861595 . _:b665861592 . _:b663516313 . _:b665861593 . _:b663516292 . _:b665861590 . _:b663516302 . _:b665861591 . _:b665861588 . _:b665861589 . _:b663516827 "lower intestine"^^ . _:b665861586 . _:b665806511 . _:b666238383 "NCBITaxon:8782"^^ . _:b665860808 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665861587 . _:b665861584 . _:b665861585 . _:b665862256 . _:b665861582 . _:b665861583 . _:b665861580 . _:b665861581 . _:b663516316 . _:b665861578 . _:b665861579 . _:b665862316 . _:b665861576 . _:b665861577 . _:b663516288 . _:b665861574 . _:b665861561 . _:b665806508 . _:b665861575 . _:b665861572 . _:b665861573 . _:b665861570 . _:b665861571 . _:b663516297 . _:b665861568 . _:b665861569 . _:b665862260 . _:b665861566 . _:b665861567 . _:b665861564 . _:b665861565 . _:b663516129 . _:b665861564 . _:b663516311 . _:b665861562 . _:b665861563 . _:b665805569 _:b665805568 . _:b665861560 . _:b665861561 . _:b665861558 . _:b665805570 _:b665805569 . _:b663516317 . _:b665861559 . _:b665861556 . _:b665861557 . _:b665862263 . _:b663516319 . _:b665861554 . _:b665861566 . _:b665861555 . _:b665861552 . _:b666239105 "AAO"^^ . _:b665861553 . _:b665861550 . _:b665861551 . _:b665861548 . _:b665861549 . _:b665862249 . _:b665861546 . _:b665861547 . _:b665861544 . _:b665862329 . _:b665861545 . _:b663913894 . _:b665861542 . _:b663913902 . _:b663516306 . _:b665861543 . _:b663520747 "To say that b is a realizable entity is to say that b is a specifically dependent continuant that inheres in some independent continuant which is not a spatial region and is of a type instances of which are realized in processes of a correlated type. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [058-002])"@en . _:b665861540 . _:b665805599 _:b665805600 . _:b665805620 . _:b665861541 . _:b665861538 . _:b663516295 . _:b665861539 . _:b663516314 . _:b665861536 . _:b665861537 . _:b665861534 . _:b665861535 . _:b665861532 . _:b665861533 . _:b665861530 . _:b665861531 . _:b663516308 . _:b665861528 . _:b665861529 . _:b665861526 . _:b665805576 _:b665805575 . _:b665861527 . _:b665861524 . . _:b663913897 . _:b665862255 . _:b665861525 . _:b663913889 . _:b665805577 _:b665805576 . _:b665861522 . _:b665861523 . _:b665805591 "We restrict this to the vertebrate specific structure - see the grouping class 'food storage organ' for analogous structures in other species. Teleosts: Zebrafish is functionally stomach-less, but may retain ontogenic footprint. Although the precise shape and size of the stomach varies widely among different vertebrates, the relative positions of the oesophageal and duodenal openings remain relatively constant. As a result, the organ always curves somewhat to the left before curving back to meet the pyloric sphincter. However, lampreys, hagfishes, chimaeras, lungfishes, and some teleost fish have no stomach at all, with the oesophagus opening directly into the intestine. The gastric lining is usually divided into two regions, an anterior portion lined by fundic glands, and a posterior with pyloric glands. Cardiac glands are unique to mammals, and even then are absent in a number of species. The distributions of these glands vary between species, and do not always correspond with the same regions as in man. Furthermore, in many non-human mammals, a portion of the stomach anterior to the cardiac glands is lined with epithelium essentially identical to that of the oesophagus. Ruminants, in particular, have a complex stomach, the first three chambers of which are all lined with oesophageal mucosa"^^ . _:b665861520 . _:b665861521 . _:b663516310 . _:b665861518 . _:b663516298 . _:b665861519 . _:b665805618 . _:b665861516 . _:b663913903 . _:b665861517 . _:b665805574 _:b665805577 . _:b665861514 . _:b665861515 . _:b663516315 . _:b665861512 . _:b665861513 . _:b665862242 . _:b665861510 . _:b665861511 . _:b665860799 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663516305 . _:b665861508 . _:b663913893 . _:b665861509 . _:b663520699 "if b is a material entity, then there is some temporal interval (referred to below as a one-dimensional temporal region) during which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [011-002])"@en . _:b665861506 . _:b666209788 . _:b666209283 . _:b665861507 . _:b665861504 . _:b665861505 . _:b665861502 . _:b663913888 . _:b665861503 . _:b665861500 . _:b665861501 . _:b665861498 . _:b665861499 . _:b665861496 . _:b665861497 . _:b665861494 . _:b666209791 . _:b665861495 . _:b665861492 . _:b665861493 . _:b665861490 . _:b665861491 . _:b665861488 . _:b665862989 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b665861489 . _:b666238893 "b is a role means: b is a realizable entity & b exists because there is some single bearer that is in some special physical, social, or institutional set of circumstances in which this bearer does not have to be& b is not such that, if it ceases to exist, then the physical make-up of the bearer is thereby changed. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [061-001])"@en . _:b663913559 . _:b665861486 . _:b665861487 . _:b665861484 . _:b665861485 . _:b663913917 . _:b665861482 . _:b665861483 . _:b665861480 . _:b663913891 . _:b665861481 . _:b665797779 "a quality is a specifically dependent continuant that, in contrast to roles and dispositions, does not require any further process in order to be realized. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [055-001])"@en . _:b665861478 . _:b665861479 . _:b665860723 "4"^^ . _:b665861476 . _:b665861477 . _:b665861474 . _:b665861475 . _:b665861472 . _:b665861473 . _:b665861942 "An occurrent is an entity that unfolds itself in time or it is the instantaneous boundary of such an entity (for example a beginning or an ending) or it is a temporal or spatiotemporal region which such an entity occupies_temporal_region or occupies_spatiotemporal_region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [077-002])"@en . _:b665861470 . . _:b665861471 . _:b665860789 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665861468 . _:b665861469 . _:b665861466 . _:b665861467 . _:b665862278 . _:b665861464 . _:b663913906 . _:b665862238 . _:b665861465 . _:b663913895 . _:b665861462 . _:b663516830 . _:b665861463 . _:b666209282 . _:b665862736 "If an entity is a quality at any time that it exists, then it is a quality at every time that it exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [105-001])"@en . _:b663913892 . _:b665861460 . _:b665861461 . _:b665861458 . _:b665861510 . . _:b665861459 . _:b665861456 . _:b665861457 . _:b665862224 . _:b665861454 . _:b665861511 . _:b665861455 . _:b665861452 . _:b663913898 . _:b665861453 . _:b665861450 . _:b665861451 . _:b663913899 . _:b665861448 . _:b663913918 . _:b665862226 . _:b665861449 . _:b665861446 . _:b665861447 . _:b663913896 . _:b665861444 . _:b665861445 . _:b665861442 . _:b665861443 . _:b665862895 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b665860780 "2012-09-17"^^ . . _:b665861440 . _:b663521066 "distal intestine"^^ . _:b665861441 . _:b663913539 . _:b665861438 . _:b665861498 "The last portion of the digestive system, it extracts water and salt from solid wastes before they are eliminated from the body.[AAO]"^^ . _:b665806545 . _:b665861439 . _:b665861436 . _:b665861437 . _:b665861434 . _:b665861435 . _:b665861432 . _:b665861433 . _:b665861430 . . _:b665861431 . _:b665861428 . _:b665798080 "MGI:monikat"^^ . _:b665861429 . _:b665861426 . _:b665861427 . _:b665862288 . _:b663914259 "FMA:14541"^^ . _:b665861424 . _:b665861425 . _:b665861422 . _:b665861423 . _:b665861952 "(iff (IndependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (not (exists (b t) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [017-002] " . _:b665861420 . _:b665861421 . _:b665862217 . _:b663913869 . _:b665861418 . _:b663913875 . _:b665861419 . _:b665861416 . _:b663521158 "Branch or outpocketing of the digestive tract."^^ . _:b665861417 . _:b665861414 . _:b665862334 . _:b663913872 . _:b665861415 . _:b665861412 . _:b663913861 . _:b665861413 . _:b663913589 . _:b665861410 . _:b665861411 . _:b665861408 . _:b665861409 . _:b663520217 "gaster"^^ . _:b665862943 . _:b665861406 . _:b663516452 . _:b665861407 . _:b665806554 . _:b663913867 . _:b665861404 . _:b665861405 . _:b663515973 "DOI:10.1046/j.1525-142x.2000.00076.x Smith DM, Grasty RC, Theodosiou NA, Tabin CJ, Nascone-Yoder NM, Evolutionary relationships between the amphibian, avian, and mammalian stomachs. Evolution and development (2000)"^^ . _:b665862942 . _:b665861402 . _:b663516453 . _:b663516800 . _:b665861403 . _:b665861400 . _:b665861401 . _:b665861398 . _:b665862941 . _:b665861399 . _:b665861396 . _:b665861397 . _:b665861394 . _:b665862940 . _:b665861395 . _:b663913864 . _:b665861392 . _:b665861393 . _:b663913856 . _:b665862939 . _:b665861390 . _:b665861391 . _:b665862297 . _:b665861388 . _:b665861389 . _:b665861386 . _:b665862938 . _:b665861387 . _:b665861384 . _:b663913870 . _:b665861385 . _:b663913860 . _:b665861382 . _:b665861383 . _:b663914069 "requested by Melanie Courtot" . _:b666239092 "AAO"^^ . _:b665861380 . _:b665861381 . _:b665861378 . _:b663515985 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b665861379 . _:b663913881 . _:b665861376 . _:b663913597 . _:b665861377 . _:b665862212 . _:b663913594 . _:b665861267 "(iff (GenericallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (exists (b t) (genericallyDependsOnAt a b t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [074-001] " . _:b665860754 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663913858 . _:b663913884 . _:b663913865 . _:b663913592 . _:b663515678 "0.0"^^ . _:b663913879 . _:b665862946 . _:b663520801 "b is a relational quality = Def. for some independent continuants c, d and for some time t: b quality_of c at t & b quality_of d at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [057-001])"@en . _:b665862945 . _:b663913885 . _:b663913857 . _:b665862944 . _:b665862332 . _:b665862333 . _:b666208724 . _:b663913863 . _:b663516941 . _:b663913882 . _:b663913874 . _:b663515972 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b665862321 . _:b663913866 . _:b663913878 . _:b665862323 . _:b666208746 . _:b663515683 "0.0"^^ . _:b663913876 . _:b663520395 . _:b666239046 "AAO"^^ . _:b663516838 . _:b663913883 . _:b665862326 . _:b663913873 . _:b666239003 . _:b665862327 . _:b663515693 "0.0"^^ . _:b665805655 _:b665805654 . _:b665862258 . _:b663516835 . _:b663516833 . _:b663913678 . _:b665862318 . _:b663515688 "0.0"^^ . _:b663516936 . _:b666208761 . _:b665860729 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663520412 . _:b665805653 _:b665805656 . _:b665862233 "ceca"^^ . _:b665862268 . _:b666209587 . _:b666209598 . _:b665805656 _:b665805655 . _:b663913880 . _:b665860556 "url:https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/general/index.html" . _:b665861966 "(forall (x) (if (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [039-001] " . _:b665805644 _:b665805647 . _:b665862331 . _:b665862296 . _:b665862328 . _:b665862254 . _:b663515977 . _:b663913862 . _:b665862248 . _:b665862214 . _:b663520400 . _:b665862251 . _:b663515752 "(forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [095-001] " . _:b663913432 . _:b663913433 . _:b663520189 . _:b665805646 _:b665805645 . _:b663913871 . _:b665805647 _:b665805646 . _:b665860717 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663520265 "UMLS:C0009368"^^ . _:b665805658 _:b665805659 . _:b663913429 . _:b666239155 . _:b663913430 . _:b663913431 . _:b665860704 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b666239019 . _:b663520245 "A pouch in the digestive tract that connects the ileum with the ascending colon of the large intestine. It is separated from the ileum by the ileocecal valve, and is the beginning of the large intestine. It is also separated from the colon by the cecocolic junction."^^ . _:b665805372 "(iff (Process a) (and (Occurrent a) (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)) (exists (c t) (and (MaterialEntity c) (specificallyDependsOnAt a c t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [083-003] " . _:b663519970 "(iff (IndependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (not (exists (b t) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [017-002] " . _:b663913904 . _:b666239026 . _:b666208677 "(iff (RelationalQuality a) (exists (b c t) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (IndependentContinuant c) (qualityOfAt a b t) (qualityOfAt a c t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [057-001] " . _:b665862266 . _:b663913907 . _:b665862287 . _:b666209439 . _:b666209456 . _:b663913919 . _:b665862276 . _:b663516949 . _:b666209435 . _:b663516948 . _:b665862239 . _:b663516951 . _:b663913301 "(iff (ProcessBoundary a) (exists (p) (and (Process p) (temporalPartOf a p) (not (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [084-001] " . _:b663516950 . _:b665862392 . _:b665862393 . _:b663516009 . _:b663516946 . _:b665797988 "ncithesaurus:Stomach"^^ . _:b663516926 . _:b665862368 . _:b663516947 . _:b665862396 . _:b665806223 . _:b663520371 . _:b663516077 "ISBN:978-0521617147 Stevens CE and Hume ID, Comparative physiology of the vertebrate digestive system (2004) p.11"^^ . _:b663516010 . _:b665862398 . _:b665862371 . _:b665806409 "2"^^ . _:b665863018 "Intestinal surface area also is increased in amphibians and reptiles by internal folds and occasionally by a few villi. The intestine can be divided into a small intestine and a slightly wider large intestine.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663913890 . _:b665861261 "A three-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of three dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [040-001])"@en . _:b666209458 . _:b665861366 . _:b663515789 "b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001])"@en . _:b666209462 . _:b663913486 . _:b665862191 . _:b665860719 "UMLS:C0014876"^^ . _:b665862391 . _:b666209453 . _:b665863038 "ncithesaurus:Jejunum"^^ . _:b663914450 _:b663914456 . _:b666209604 . _:b665862379 . _:b666209455 . _:b666209454 . _:b665862395 "FBbt:00100316"^^ . _:b663515759 "(forall (x) (if (Disposition x) (and (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (bearerOfAt x y t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [062-002] " . _:b666209458 . _:b665862203 . _:b666238982 . _:b663913229 "b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002])"@en . _:b663913950 . _:b666209462 . _:b665860658 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b666209662 . _:b665862201 . _:b665862360 . _:b666239004 . _:b665862146 . _:b665862362 . _:b666208593 "A spatial region is a continuant entity that is a continuant_part_of spaceR as defined relative to some frame R. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [035-001])"@en . _:b663913927 . _:b665862184 . _:b665860808 . _:b665862365 . _:b665862366 . _:b663913923 . _:b663520246 "WP"^^ . _:b665860648 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665862352 . _:b665862384 . _:b665862181 . _:b666209642 . _:b663516952 . _:b663520298 . _:b665862357 . _:b666239019 . _:b665860400 . _:b665862178 . _:b665862179 . _:b663515830 "A disease by infectious agent that results_in infection, has_material_basis_in Bacteria." . _:b665860404 . _:b665862347 . _:b665806288 . _:b665860948 . _:b665862348 . _:b663913336 . _:b665862628 . _:b663520288 . _:b665862350 . _:b665862351 . _:b665862383 . _:b665860952 . _:b665862336 . _:b663520725 "Every temporal region t is such that t occupies_temporal_region t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [119-002])"@en . _:b665860959 . _:b663520912 "GOC:GO"^^ . _:b663520317 . _:b665806095 "All continuant parts of spatial regions are spatial regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [036-001])"@en . _:b665862339 . _:b665860956 . _:b663516051 . _:b665860931 . _:b665806197 "url:http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec09/ch122/ch122a.html" . _:b665862342 . _:b666208653 "A function is a disposition that exists in virtue of the bearer\u2019s physical make-up and this physical make-up is something the bearer possesses because it came into being, either through evolution (in the case of natural biological entities) or through intentional design (in the case of artifacts), in order to realize processes of a certain sort. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [064-001])"@en . _:b665860385 . _:b663913329 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infectious_disease" . _:b665862343 . _:b663516725 . _:b663913956 . _:b663520308 . _:b663913953 . _:b663519953 "if b is a material entity, then there is some temporal interval (referred to below as a one-dimensional temporal region) during which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [011-002])"@en . _:b663516171 . _:b665860943 . _:b663515742 "A two-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of two dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [039-001])"@en . _:b665860396 . _:b665806236 . _:b663516503 "If b is a realizable entity then for all t at which b exists, b s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [063-002])"@en . _:b665797832 "a zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a fiat point whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [031-001])"@en . _:b663515999 "UMLS:C0034896"^^ . _:b663913552 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b665860979 . _:b665798083 "intestinum jejunum"^^ . _:b665860977 . _:b663516023 "ISBN:978-0521617147 Stevens CE and Hume ID, Comparative physiology of the vertebrate digestive system (2004) p.11"^^ . _:b665860983 . _:b666209343 "Temporal region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of a temporal instant and a temporal interval that doesn't overlap the instant. In this case the resultant temporal region is neither 0-dimensional nor 1-dimensional"@en . _:b663913987 "A temporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of time as defined relative to some reference frame. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [100-001])"@en . _:b663520261 . _:b665860986 . _:b665860991 . _:b666239126 "UMLS:C0007531"^^ . _:b665860380 . _:b665860989 . _:b663913727 . _:b665797983 . _:b665861325 . _:b665860961 . _:b663913719 . _:b665862707 "Every temporal region t is such that t occupies_temporal_region t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [119-002])"@en . _:b665860357 . _:b665860965 . _:b663913652 . _:b665860970 . _:b663913723 . _:b663520228 "MA"^^ . _:b665860968 . _:b663913733 . _:b663913709 . _:b663913708 . _:b665860974 . _:b663913710 . _:b665860366 . _:b663913724 . _:b663913718 . _:b663913705 . _:b665860882 . _:b665860754 . _:b663913706 . _:b663913707 . _:b663913730 . _:b666238085 "if b is a continuant and if, for some t, cis continuant_part of b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [009-002])"@en . _:b663515798 "(forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [103-001] " . _:b665862832 . _:b663516736 . _:b663520049 "a one-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a continuous fiat line whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [032-001])"@en . _:b663913779 . _:b665860888 . _:b663913476 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b663913789 . _:b665862845 . _:b665798732 "VHOG:0000408"^^ . _:b663913513 "FMA:14541"^^ . _:b663516579 "url:http://www.health.state.ny.us/diseases/communicable/campylobacteriosis/fact_sheet.htm" . _:b665862872 _:b665862875 . _:b663516742 . _:b665862848 _:b665862849 . _:b663913612 . _:b663913784 . _:b665862867 _:b665862866 . _:b665860866 . _:b665862866 _:b665862865 . _:b663913603 . _:b665860780 . _:b666239094 "WP:Stomach#In_other_animals"^^ . _:b665860871 . _:b663913764 . _:b665860752 "The last portion of the digestive system, it extracts water and salt from solid wastes before they are eliminated from the body.[AAO]"^^ . _:b663913622 . _:b663913600 . _:b665862864 _:b665862867 . _:b665862860 _:b665862861 . _:b665862874 _:b665862873 . _:b665860789 . _:b665862875 _:b665862874 . _:b663519904 . _:b665860877 . _:b665862851 _:b665862850 . _:b663913774 . _:b663913609 . _:b663913769 . _:b663913614 . _:b665863032 . _:b665806026 . _:b663516523 "A one-dimensional spatial region is a line or aggregate of lines stretching from one point in space to another. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [038-001])"@en . _:b665862852 _:b665862851 . _:b665860434 . _:b665860912 . _:b663516754 "cecum"^^ . _:b665862859 _:b665862863 . _:b665860919 . _:b663516780 . _:b665860799 . _:b663913700 . _:b665862857 _:b665862856 . _:b665862855 _:b665862858 . _:b665863026 . _:b665862858 _:b665862857 . _:b665862886 "Intestinal surface area also is increased in amphibians and reptiles by internal folds and occasionally by a few villi. The intestine can be divided into a small intestine and a slightly wider large intestine.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665863027 . _:b663913267 "(forall (x t) (if (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (bearerOfAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [060-002] " . _:b666209382 "(forall (x) (if (Role x) (RealizableEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [061-001] " . _:b665862862 _:b665862860 . _:b663913808 . _:b665805421 "(forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [020-002] " . _:b665863025 . _:b666209442 "url:http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec09/ch122/ch122a.html" . _:b665862863 _:b665862862 . _:b665863030 . _:b665862849 _:b665862852 . _:b666239096 "gaster"^^ . _:b665863031 . _:b665862908 _:b665862907 . _:b665863028 . _:b665862898 _:b665862903 . _:b665863029 . _:b665860925 . _:b665862908 _:b665862905 . _:b663913817 . _:b665862907 _:b665862906 . _:b665806096 "(forall (x y t) (if (and (SpatialRegion x) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)) (SpatialRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [036-001] " . _:b665861554 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b666209740 "subdivision of alimentary system"^^ . _:b663520426 . _:b665860896 . _:b665862903 _:b665862902 . _:b665862904 _:b665862908 . _:b665862901 _:b665862900 . _:b665862902 _:b665862901 . _:b663913799 . _:b663516727 . _:b665862902 _:b665862899 . _:b665860907 . _:b665862020 "A one-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is extended. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [103-001])"@en . _:b663913795 . _:b665861545 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665860428 . _:b665798841 "posterior intestine"^^ . _:b663519961 "Every occurrent occupies_spatiotemporal_region some spatiotemporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [108-001])"@en . _:b665860431 . _:b665861074 . _:b663520409 . _:b665798034 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b663913844 . _:b665805667 "UMLS:C0021852"^^ . _:b665861077 . _:b665798965 . _:b665861083 . _:b663520214 "DOI:10.1046/j.1525-142x.2000.00076.x Smith DM, Grasty RC, Theodosiou NA, Tabin CJ, Nascone-Yoder NM, Evolutionary relationships between the amphibian, avian, and mammalian stomachs. Evolution and development (2000)"^^ . _:b665861080 . _:b663913853 . _:b665861086 . _:b665861535 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665860704 . _:b665861059 . _:b663913695 . _:b665862854 . _:b665860717 . _:b665805771 "GO:0060465"^^ . _:b665861056 . _:b665862795 _:b665862798 . _:b665798913 "The pharynx is the part of the digestive system immediately posterior to the mouth[GO]."^^ . _:b665862813 _:b665862814 . _:b665861526 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665861062 . _:b665806277 . _:b666239197 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665806276 . _:b665862149 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b665861065 . _:b665860779 "TAO:0001323"^^ . _:b663913826 . _:b665862797 _:b665862796 . _:b663516697 . _:b665862798 _:b665862797 . _:b663516680 . _:b665861071 . _:b666208589 "(forall (x t) (if (IndependentContinuant x) (exists (r) (and (SpatialRegion r) (locatedInAt x r t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [134-001] " . _:b665862909 _:b665862913 . _:b663516700 . _:b665806412 "Intestinal surface area also is increased in amphibians and reptiles by internal folds and occasionally by a few villi. The intestine can be divided into a small intestine and a slightly wider large intestine.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b666239188 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665861068 . _:b665806286 . _:b663516532 "b is a site means: b is a three-dimensional immaterial entity that is (partially or wholly) bounded by a material entity or it is a three-dimensional immaterial part thereof. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [034-002])"@en . _:b665861107 . _:b666239178 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665861464 "esophagus NOT part of gut in MA. part of gut in ZFA. part_of gut (via UGIT) in FMA. Consider splitting. Interspecies: The human oesophagus is 25 cm long and has a diameter of ca. 2 cm. Only little information was found on the oesophagus in rat, rabbit and pig. The oesophagus of rat (75 x 2 mm) and rabbit has no mucous glands and the cardia of the stomach has a well-developed sphincter, which prevents them from vomiting (Hebel and Stromberg, 1988; Manning et al., 1994). Morphologically the oesophagus is similar in man and pig; both are omnivores and have a non-keratinised epithelium, submucous glands and similar membrane enzymes. Like in humans, pigs can suffer from reflux oesophagitis and stress ulceration of the oesophagus. The pig oesophagus may therefore be a good model for investigation compared to the human oesophagus (Christie et al., 1995)"^^ . _:b663913835 . _:b663521158 . _:b663913525 . _:b665861104 . _:b665862869 . _:b665797990 . _:b665861110 . _:b665860729 . . _:b665862808 _:b665862807 . _:b665862809 _:b665862808 . _:b665860902 . _:b665861113 . _:b665862195 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b665862806 _:b665862809 . _:b666239169 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665862824 _:b665862823 . _:b665862825 _:b665862824 . _:b665861117 . _:b665861500 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665862822 _:b665862825 . _:b665862818 _:b665862821 . _:b665797998 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b665862843 _:b665862844 . _:b665861089 . _:b665861095 . _:b665806331 . _:b663520126 . _:b665862838 _:b665862839 . _:b663520716 "(iff (IndependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (not (exists (b t) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [017-002] " . _:b665861092 . _:b665797985 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b665861098 . _:b665862820 _:b665862819 . _:b663516603 "1"^^ . _:b665862821 _:b665862820 . _:b665862846 _:b665862845 . _:b666238528 "The pharynx is the part of the digestive system immediately posterior to the mouth[GO]."^^ . _:b665862847 _:b665862846 . _:b665861101 . _:b663516604 "1"^^ . _:b665862833 _:b665862837 . _:b665861011 . _:b665860600 . _:b665860601 . _:b665861475 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665798925 . _:b665861009 . _:b665805097 _:b665805096 . _:b665860602 . _:b665860603 . _:b665806347 "Tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach. In mammals, the oesophagus connects the buccal cavity with the stomach. The stratified squamous non-keratinised epithelium lining the buccal cavity is continued through the pharynx down into the oesophagus. The lowest part of the oesophagus (ca. 2 cm) is lined with gastric mucosa and covered by peritoneum. The main body of the oesophagus is lined with small, simple mucous glands. Each gland opens into the lumen by a long duct which pierces the muscularis mucosae (Wilson and Washington, 1989). A sphincter is situated at the point where the oesophagus enters the stomach to prevent gastro-oesophageal reflux, i.e. to prevent acidic gastric contents from reaching stratified epithelia of the oesophagus, where they can cause inflammation and irritation (Wilson and Washington, 1989; Brown et al., 1993)."^^ . _:b665805098 _:b665805097 . _:b665860595 . _:b665798023 . _:b665862837 _:b665862834 . _:b665860604 . _:b665805100 _:b665805099 . _:b665861014 . _:b665798022 . _:b665860605 . _:b665862836 _:b665862835 . _:b665862837 _:b665862836 . _:b665805103 _:b665805102 . _:b665860607 . _:b665861019 . _:b665860592 . _:b665862844 _:b665862847 . _:b665805102 _:b665805101 . _:b665860593 . _:b665805090 _:b665805089 . _:b665805091 _:b665805090 . _:b665860594 . _:b665861016 . _:b665861358 . _:b665861023 . _:b665805089 _:b665805088 . _:b665860596 . _:b665805095 _:b665805094 . _:b665860597 . _:b665861302 "url:https://www.foodsafety.gov/poisoning/causes/bacteriaviruses/salmonella" . _:b666239143 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665805094 _:b665805093 . _:b665860606 . _:b663521146 . _:b665805093 _:b665805092 . _:b665805116 _:b665805115 . _:b665860994 . _:b665860585 . _:b665860999 . _:b665860588 . _:b665805118 _:b665805117 . _:b665860580 . _:b665806340 "ventriculus"^^ . _:b665860589 . _:b665861463 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663521141 . _:b665860890 . _:b663516912 . _:b665805450 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campylobacteriosis" . _:b665805113 _:b665805112 . _:b665860590 . _:b665860996 . _:b665860648 . _:b665860591 . _:b665805115 _:b665805114 . _:b665805112 _:b665805111 . _:b665860576 . _:b665861450 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665860584 . _:b665805111 _:b665805110 . _:b665860577 . _:b665805104 _:b665805103 . _:b665861001 . _:b665860578 . _:b666209393 "(forall (x) (if (ThreeDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [040-001] " . _:b665805109 _:b665805108 . _:b665860579 . _:b665862208 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b665860885 . _:b665861006 . _:b665860581 . _:b665805106 _:b665805105 . _:b665805107 _:b665805106 . _:b665861004 . _:b663913312 "(iff (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ImmaterialEntity a) (exists (b) (and (or (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b)) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))) (not (exists (c t) (and (SpatialRegion c) (continuantPartOfAt c a t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [029-001] " . _:b665860658 . _:b665860569 . _:b665806554 . _:b665861041 . _:b665861047 . _:b665797721 "Continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example, in an expansion involving bringing in some of Ceuster's other portions of reality, questions are raised as to whether universals are continuants"@en . _:b666239118 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663914355 . _:b665797939 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b665860573 . _:b665860574 . _:b665861044 . _:b665860575 . _:b665860568 . _:b663520320 "distal intestine"^^ . _:b666239106 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665861050 . _:b665860447 . _:b665860446 . _:b665860562 . _:b665860445 . _:b665860563 . _:b665860444 . _:b665861557 "intestinum ileum"^^ . _:b663521117 . _:b665861053 . _:b663914360 . _:b665798064 . _:b663516850 . _:b665861026 . _:b666238251 _:b666238250 . _:b666238269 _:b666238272 . _:b663914358 . _:b665860861 . _:b665805087 _:b665805091 . _:b663516855 . _:b666238252 _:b666238251 . _:b665861029 . _:b663520912 . _:b666238242 _:b666238239 . _:b665860558 . _:b666238265 _:b666238266 . _:b665797923 . _:b665798848 . _:b665861035 . _:b665805084 _:b665805083 . _:b665805085 _:b665805084 . _:b666238241 _:b666238240 . _:b666238242 _:b666238241 . _:b665860473 . _:b665798851 . _:b665861032 . _:b665860474 . _:b663913490 "AAO:0000145"^^ . _:b663516494 "Every spatiotemporal region s is such that s occupies_spatiotemporal_region s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [107-002])"@en . _:b663520080 . _:b663914346 . _:b665805086 _:b665805085 . _:b666209687 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b665861038 . _:b665860557 . _:b663521065 "ncithesaurus:Ileum"^^ . _:b666238249 _:b666238252 . _:b665805082 _:b665805086 . _:b666238254 _:b666238257 . _:b666209689 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b666209688 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b666239093 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665860690 . _:b665805180 _:b665805183 . _:b665860471 . _:b663914349 . _:b666238248 _:b666238249 . _:b666238268 _:b666238267 . _:b665860470 . _:b665805183 _:b665805182 . _:b666238462 _:b666238465 . _:b666238271 _:b666238270 . _:b663516853 . _:b663521063 . _:b665805182 _:b665805181 . _:b663914230 . _:b666238267 _:b666238265 . _:b666238253 _:b666238254 . _:b665805177 _:b665805176 . _:b665860465 . _:b665805329 "if b is a material entity, then there is some temporal interval (referred to below as a one-dimensional temporal region) during which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [011-002])"@en . _:b665805179 _:b665805178 . _:b663520092 . _:b665805176 _:b665805175 . _:b665860464 . _:b666238260 _:b666238263 . _:b666209807 _:b666209813 . _:b663516929 . _:b666238243 _:b666238244 . _:b666238264 _:b666238268 . _:b666238263 _:b666238262 . _:b663516841 . _:b665805168 _:b665805167 . _:b665805174 _:b665805173 . _:b663516863 . _:b665860807 . _:b665805173 _:b665805172 . _:b666238262 _:b666238261 . _:b666238256 _:b666238255 . _:b665805515 . _:b665805170 _:b665805169 . _:b665805171 _:b665805174 . _:b665860474 . _:b665861404 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663520069 . _:b663516844 . _:b663516833 . _:b665860472 . _:b665861394 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665861194 "Occurrent doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the sum of a process and the process boundary of another process."@en . _:b665860674 . _:b666238257 _:b666238256 . _:b663516835 . _:b665860454 . _:b665805161 _:b665805160 . _:b665860453 . _:b665805162 _:b665805165 . _:b663913572 "the portion of the small intestine that extends from the duodenum to the ileum"^^ . _:b665805160 _:b665805159 . _:b663516838 . _:b665805164 _:b665805163 . _:b665805165 _:b665805164 . _:b665805152 _:b665805151 . _:b666238223 _:b666238226 . _:b666238213 _:b666238212 . _:b665805167 _:b665805166 . _:b666238214 _:b666238213 . _:b665860683 . _:b665805511 . _:b665862790 "A zero-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is without extent. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [102-001])"@en . _:b665805155 _:b665805154 . _:b665805153 _:b665805155 . _:b665806280 "Intestinal surface area also is increased in amphibians and reptiles by internal folds and occasionally by a few villi. The intestine can be divided into a small intestine and a slightly wider large intestine.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665860460 . _:b663520247 "ncithesaurus:Cecum"^^ . _:b665860459 . _:b663520118 . _:b665860458 . _:b663521034 . _:b666238211 _:b666238214 . _:b665805157 _:b665805156 . _:b665805158 _:b665805161 . _:b663520123 . _:b666209415 "(iff (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ImmaterialEntity a) (exists (b) (and (or (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b)) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))) (not (exists (c t) (and (SpatialRegion c) (continuantPartOfAt c a t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [029-001] " . _:b665805142 _:b665805141 . _:b666238229 _:b666238228 . _:b665798843 . _:b665805140 _:b665805139 . _:b666238230 _:b666238229 . _:b665805143 _:b665805145 . _:b666238275 . _:b665806489 . _:b665805138 _:b665805140 . _:b665798846 . _:b666238225 _:b666238224 . _:b665860778 . _:b666238226 _:b666238225 . _:b665805137 _:b665805136 . _:b665805148 _:b665805150 . _:b666209616 "FMA:14541"^^ . _:b663521054 . _:b666238227 _:b666238230 . _:b666238238 _:b666238242 . _:b663520096 . _:b666238218 _:b666238219 . _:b665805150 _:b665805149 . _:b665805120 _:b665805119 . _:b666239047 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665805145 _:b665805144 . _:b665862659 _:b665862658 . _:b663516544 "(forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [103-001] " . _:b665798792 . _:b665805147 _:b665805146 . _:b665798793 . _:b665862660 _:b665862657 . _:b665805083 . _:b665805122 _:b665805121 . _:b665860798 . _:b665862666 _:b665862668 . _:b665798826 "the portion of the small intestine that extends from the duodenum to the ileum"^^ . _:b665862660 _:b665862659 . _:b665806201 . _:b665860620 . _:b665805121 _:b665805120 . _:b665862664 _:b665862663 . _:b666238333 _:b666238332 . _:b663521044 . _:b665805127 _:b665805126 . _:b665862665 _:b665862662 . _:b666238334 _:b666238333 . _:b665862665 _:b665862664 . _:b665860861 "A proximal-distal subdivision of the digestive tract."^^ . _:b665805124 _:b665805123 . _:b665805125 _:b665805124 . _:b663520108 . _:b665862668 _:b665862667 . _:b666239037 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b666238324 _:b666238327 . _:b666209803 . _:b665862669 _:b665862671 . _:b663520779 "(forall (x) (if (Function x) (Disposition x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [064-001] " . _:b666238565 . _:b666238327 _:b666238326 . _:b665805128 _:b665805130 . _:b665862671 _:b665862670 . _:b665805130 _:b665805129 . _:b663521007 . _:b666238326 _:b666238325 . _:b665860788 . _:b663516830 . _:b665805132 _:b665805131 . _:b666238331 _:b666238334 . _:b665862355 "subdivision of alimentary system"^^ . _:b665805133 _:b665805135 . _:b666209798 . _:b665805135 _:b665805134 . _:b665862674 _:b665862673 . _:b665805186 _:b665805185 . _:b666238309 _:b666238313 . _:b666238312 _:b666238311 . _:b665860751 . _:b665862672 _:b665862674 . _:b665860624 . _:b666238313 _:b666238312 . _:b666238313 _:b666238310 . _:b665806167 "(forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [020-002] " . _:b663914452 . _:b663914453 . _:b665805185 _:b665805184 . _:b666239130 "ceca"^^ . _:b665805191 _:b665805190 . _:b665805189 _:b665805192 . _:b663914455 . _:b665805088 . _:b665860628 . _:b665805188 _:b665805187 . _:b663914454 . _:b666238318 _:b666238315 . _:b663914368 . _:b666238317 _:b666238316 . _:b666238318 _:b666238317 . _:b663516779 . _:b665805198 _:b665805201 . _:b666238307 _:b666238306 . _:b663516780 . _:b663914451 . _:b663914086 "url:http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf" . _:b665805194 _:b665805193 . _:b666238307 _:b666238304 . _:b665805195 _:b665805194 . _:b665805192 _:b665805191 . _:b665863052 _:b665863055 . _:b666238306 _:b666238305 . _:b665805197 _:b665805196 . _:b663520299 "VHOG:0000052"^^ . _:b665860636 . _:b666238308 _:b666238307 . _:b666238314 _:b666238318 . _:b663914456 . _:b663520313 "middle intestine"^^ . _:b665805200 _:b665805199 . _:b665805206 _:b665805205 . _:b665805207 _:b665805210 . _:b665860608 . _:b665805204 _:b665805203 . _:b665860196 . _:b665805203 _:b665805202 . _:b665860613 . _:b666238031 . _:b665860619 . _:b665863054 _:b665863053 . _:b665805201 _:b665805200 . _:b665805212 _:b665805211 . _:b665805213 _:b665805212 . _:b666208933 "mid-intestine"^^ . _:b663515786 "b is a site means: b is a three-dimensional immaterial entity that is (partially or wholly) bounded by a material entity or it is a three-dimensional immaterial part thereof. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [034-002])"@en . _:b665863055 _:b665863054 . _:b665860201 . _:b666238303 _:b666238308 . _:b665805215 _:b665805214 . _:b666238378 . _:b665860702 . _:b665863060 _:b665863059 . _:b665805209 _:b665805208 . _:b666238272 _:b666238271 . _:b665805210 _:b665805209 . _:b663520971 . _:b665863068 _:b665863071 . _:b666238441 "the portion of the small intestine that extends from the duodenum to the ileum"^^ . _:b665805225 _:b665805228 . _:b665863059 _:b665863058 . _:b663914398 . _:b665805227 _:b665805226 . _:b665860663 . _:b665863070 _:b665863069 . _:b665805224 _:b665805223 . _:b665805228 _:b665805227 . _:b665863071 _:b665863070 . _:b665860715 . _:b665863057 _:b665863060 . _:b665862661 . _:b665805231 _:b665805230 . _:b665806281 "ncithesaurus:Large_Intestine"^^ . _:b665805230 _:b665805229 . _:b666238279 _:b666238278 . _:b665805218 _:b665805217 . _:b666238277 _:b666238280 . _:b665805219 _:b665805218 . _:b666209813 . _:b665863065 _:b665863064 . _:b665862656 . _:b665863063 _:b665863066 . _:b665863066 _:b665863065 . _:b666209812 . _:b663516814 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663520991 . _:b665805216 _:b665805219 . _:b663516893 . _:b666208859 "the terminal portion of the intestinal tube, terminating with the anus"^^ . _:b665863083 _:b665863082 . _:b666238280 _:b666238279 . _:b665863102 _:b665863105 . _:b665860669 . _:b666209808 . _:b665805222 _:b665805221 . _:b666209809 . _:b665805221 _:b665805220 . _:b665863084 _:b665863083 . _:b665863096 _:b665863097 . _:b666209811 . _:b663520984 . _:b663515507 . _:b663515491 . _:b665860551 . _:b663914382 "FMA:71131"^^ . _:b665805245 _:b665805244 . _:b666209810 . _:b663515488 . _:b663914383 "FMA:71131"^^ . _:b665860735 . _:b663515510 . _:b663515499 . _:b665860548 . _:b665805246 _:b665805245 . _:b666238356 _:b666238357 . _:b663516106 . _:b663516804 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665861629 . _:b665860546 . _:b663516105 . _:b663515493 . _:b665805242 _:b665805241 . _:b665860728 . _:b665805243 _:b665805246 . _:b665806444 "lower intestine"^^ . _:b663515495 . _:b665805240 _:b665805239 . _:b665860544 . _:b666238500 . _:b665805239 _:b665805238 . _:b665863087 _:b665863092 . _:b665863081 _:b665863084 . _:b663914271 . _:b663516535 "b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001])"@en . _:b665806385 "TAO"^^ . _:b663515502 . _:b665805236 _:b665805235 . _:b665805237 _:b665805236 . _:b663515497 . _:b665798821 "proximal intestine"^^ . _:b665862943 "We restrict this to the vertebrate specific structure - see the grouping class 'food storage organ' for analogous structures in other species. Teleosts: Zebrafish is functionally stomach-less, but may retain ontogenic footprint. Although the precise shape and size of the stomach varies widely among different vertebrates, the relative positions of the oesophageal and duodenal openings remain relatively constant. As a result, the organ always curves somewhat to the left before curving back to meet the pyloric sphincter. However, lampreys, hagfishes, chimaeras, lungfishes, and some teleost fish have no stomach at all, with the oesophagus opening directly into the intestine. The gastric lining is usually divided into two regions, an anterior portion lined by fundic glands, and a posterior with pyloric glands. Cardiac glands are unique to mammals, and even then are absent in a number of species. The distributions of these glands vary between species, and do not always correspond with the same regions as in man. Furthermore, in many non-human mammals, a portion of the stomach anterior to the cardiac glands is lined with epithelium essentially identical to that of the oesophagus. Ruminants, in particular, have a complex stomach, the first three chambers of which are all lined with oesophageal mucosa"^^ . _:b665798533 "(forall (x) (if (Role x) (RealizableEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [061-001] " . _:b663515490 . _:b665805234 _:b665805237 . _:b666239045 "Segment of the alimentary canal extending from the stomach to the anus and, in humans and other mammals, consists of two segments, the small intestine and the large intestine."^^ . _:b663515500 . _:b665860553 . _:b663515496 . _:b666209684 "the portion of the small intestine that extends from the jejunum to the colon"^^ . _:b665805233 _:b665805232 . _:b665860272 . _:b663515509 . _:b665862244 "UBERON:0001155"^^ . _:b665805270 _:b665805269 . _:b663515489 . _:b665805268 _:b665805267 . _:b665860816 . _:b665805269 _:b665805268 . _:b665805271 _:b665805273 . _:b663515519 . _:b663515494 . _:b663516823 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665860276 . _:b665805266 _:b665805270 . _:b663914103 . _:b663515492 . _:b663516798 "BTO:0000651"^^ . _:b663515506 . _:b665863092 _:b665863091 . _:b665860821 . _:b663515514 . _:b663515505 . _:b665860553 . _:b663515498 . _:b665860827 . _:b665860552 . _:b665805265 _:b665805264 . _:b665863091 _:b665863090 . _:b665863091 _:b665863088 . _:b663515517 . _:b665805384 "If an entity is a quality at any time that it exists, then it is a quality at every time that it exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [105-001])"@en . _:b663520958 . _:b663520193 . _:b663515508 . _:b665863090 _:b665863089 . _:b665863127 _:b665863126 . _:b663520959 "Portion of alimentary canal with increased circular and longitudinal smooth muscle. Bounded posteriorly by the pyloric sphincter. Mucosal lining has increased folding.[AAO]"^^ . _:b663515515 . _:b663515503 . _:b665860285 . _:b665805248 _:b665805247 . _:b665863126 _:b665863125 . _:b665805273 _:b665805272 . _:b665863120 _:b665863119 . _:b663515501 . _:b666237952 _:b666237951 . _:b663515504 . _:b663914446 . _:b665862750 "ISBN:978-3-938793-98-5pp124-158#Thomas Bittner and Barry Smith, 'A Theory of Granular Partitions', in K. Munn and B. Smith (eds.), Applied Ontology: An Introduction, Frankfurt/Lancaster: ontos, 2008, 125-158." . _:b663515512 . _:b665863132 _:b665863135 . _:b663913265 "To say that b is a realizable entity is to say that b is a specifically dependent continuant that inheres in some independent continuant which is not a spatial region and is of a type instances of which are realized in processes of a correlated type. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [058-002])"@en . _:b665860702 . _:b665805251 _:b665805250 . _:b663914107 . _:b665860257 . _:b663516769 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665863121 _:b665863120 . _:b663520200 . _:b665863134 _:b665863133 . _:b665805249 _:b665805248 . _:b665805255 _:b665805254 . _:b663515476 . _:b665863135 _:b665863134 . _:b665805252 _:b665805256 . _:b665805254 _:b665805253 . _:b663515467 . _:b665860262 . _:b663516795 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663515483 . _:b663515480 . _:b665863104 _:b665863103 . _:b665863124 _:b665863127 . _:b666238944 "A bacterial infectious disease that results_in infection by bacteria as a result of their presence or activity within the normal, healthy host, and their intrinsic virulence is, in part, a necessary consequence of their need to reproduce and spread." . _:b663515468 . _:b665805258 _:b665805257 . _:b665860267 . _:b665805259 _:b665805258 . _:b665805256 _:b665805255 . _:b665805442 "A primary bacterial infectious disease caused by the bacteria of the genus Salmonella. It has sypmtoms diarrhea, fever, vomiting, and abdominal cramps 12 to 72 hours after infection. In most cases, the illness lasts four to seven days, and most people recover without treatment." . _:b665805260 _:b665805259 . _:b665806541 . _:b663914441 . _:b663515485 . _:b665805263 _:b665805262 . _:b665863105 _:b665863104 . _:b665805262 _:b665805261 . _:b665863109 _:b665863108 . _:b665863113 _:b665863116 . _:b665805308 _:b665805307 . _:b665863118 _:b665863121 . _:b663515486 . _:b665860503 . _:b665806351 "UMLS:C0014876"^^ . _:b666238534 . _:b665863110 _:b665863109 . _:b663515478 . _:b665805350 "(forall (x y t) (if (and (SpatialRegion x) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)) (SpatialRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [036-001] " . _:b665860242 . _:b665806538 . _:b663520903 . _:b665805308 _:b665805305 . _:b665860500 . _:b665863115 _:b665863114 . _:b663914099 . _:b663516917 . _:b665860499 . _:b665805307 _:b665805306 . _:b663914098 . _:b663914078 . _:b663914097 . _:b663515481 . _:b663515473 . _:b665860852 . _:b665860247 . _:b663914096 . _:b665863116 _:b665863115 . _:b665806308 . _:b665860496 . _:b663515487 . _:b665805303 _:b665805302 . _:b665806309 . _:b665863107 _:b665863110 . _:b665805298 _:b665805295 . _:b663516744 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663515477 . _:b665860647 . _:b663515976 "gaster"^^ . _:b665805302 _:b665805301 . _:b665861608 "FMA:71131"^^ . _:b665860509 . _:b665805303 _:b665805300 . _:b665806304 . _:b665863164 _:b665863163 . _:b665861609 "FMA:71131"^^ . _:b665860252 . _:b665805297 _:b665805296 . _:b665806305 . _:b665860507 . _:b665863155 _:b665863158 . _:b665805298 _:b665805297 . _:b663515472 . _:b663515484 . _:b665797838 "url:https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/general/index.html" . _:b665860505 . _:b665861588 . _:b665863163 _:b665863162 . _:b665806299 . _:b665860486 . _:b665805289 _:b665805288 . _:b665806300 . _:b665860832 . _:b665805290 _:b665805293 . _:b665805288 _:b665805287 . _:b665860484 . . _:b665863157 _:b665863156 . _:b665863161 _:b665863164 . _:b665805292 _:b665805291 . _:b665860483 . _:b665805293 _:b665805292 . _:b665863158 _:b665863157 . _:b665861437 . _:b665860482 . _:b665860481 . _:b665860480 . _:b663520912 . _:b663914101 . _:b665805282 _:b665805285 . _:b663520146 . _:b665860494 . _:b663520727 . _:b666238415 _:b666238416 . _:b665860493 . _:b663520726 . _:b666209380 "(iff (SpecificallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (forall (t) (if (existsAt a t) (exists (b) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (not (SpatialRegion b)) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [050-003] " . _:b665861548 "mid-intestine"^^ . _:b663914105 . _:b663519976 "Temporal region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of a temporal instant and a temporal interval that doesn't overlap the instant. In this case the resultant temporal region is neither 0-dimensional nor 1-dimensional"@en . _:b665863145 _:b665863144 . _:b665860845 . _:b665860490 . _:b665863143 _:b665863146 . _:b665863146 _:b665863145 . _:b665805284 _:b665805283 . _:b665861430 . _:b665860489 . _:b665805285 _:b665805284 . _:b665860656 . _:b665862377 . _:b665863150 _:b665863149 . _:b663520721 . _:b663913278 "b is a role means: b is a realizable entity & b exists because there is some single bearer that is in some special physical, social, or institutional set of circumstances in which this bearer does not have to be& b is not such that, if it ceases to exist, then the physical make-up of the bearer is thereby changed. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [061-001])"@en . _:b665805286 _:b665805289 . _:b665860535 . _:b663520720 . _:b663914321 "intestinum jejunum"^^ . _:b665863151 _:b665863150 . _:b665860534 . _:b665860533 . _:b665860339 . _:b666238403 _:b666238402 . _:b665863148 _:b665863151 . _:b663520798 . _:b665860529 . _:b663520730 . _:b663520799 . _:b666238404 _:b666238403 . _:b666238410 _:b666238413 . _:b663914101 . _:b665860543 . _:b663520728 . _:b663520797 . _:b663520129 . _:b665860760 . _:b663914431 . _:b663520710 . _:b665860540 . _:b663520709 . _:b663516719 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665860348 . _:b663520134 . _:b666238413 _:b666238412 . _:b665860538 . _:b663914105 . _:b665806523 . _:b663520798 "b process_profile_of c holds when b proper_occurrent_part_of c& there is some proper_occurrent_part d of c which has no parts in common with b & is mutually dependent on b& is such that b, c and d occupy the same temporal region (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [094-005])"@en . _:b666238401 _:b666238404 . _:b666238412 _:b666238411 . _:b665860321 . _:b666238460 _:b666238459 . _:b663520138 . _:b665860518 . _:b665860487 "b is a disposition means: b is a realizable entity & b\u2019s bearer is some material entity & b is such that if it ceases to exist, then its bearer is physically changed, & b\u2019s realization occurs when and because this bearer is in some special physical circumstances, & this realization occurs in virtue of the bearer\u2019s physical make-up. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [062-002])"@en . _:b665861660 . _:b665860516 . _:b665806121 . _:b663520716 . _:b665806294 . _:b666238459 _:b666238458 . _:b665806120 . _:b665860514 . _:b663520715 . _:b665861657 . _:b663520714 . _:b665806122 . _:b663520179 . _:b665806293 . _:b665860527 . _:b666209613 "WP"^^ . _:b665860526 . _:b663520759 . _:b666238457 _:b666238460 . _:b665860330 . . _:b665798676 "ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.566"^^ . _:b666238037 . _:b663519981 "(forall (x y) (if (and (TemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (TemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [101-001] " . _:b665860523 . _:b663520756 . _:b663516732 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663520755 . _:b665860521 . _:b665806411 "TAO"^^ . _:b665806300 . . _:b663520752 . _:b663914082 . _:b665806299 . _:b665806119 . _:b663519706 . _:b663520184 . _:b663520765 . _:b666238937 "(iff (TwoDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [033-001] " . _:b666239119 "ncithesaurus:Rectum"^^ . _:b663520763 . _:b665806519 . _:b663520761 . _:b663519711 . _:b665860312 . _:b665860897 . _:b665861607 . _:b665862951 _:b665862952 . _:b663520742 . . _:b663520800 . . _:b663520740 . _:b663520739 . . _:b665862739 "b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b\u2019s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003])"@en . _:b663520738 . _:b665862913 _:b665862912 . _:b663914300 . _:b663520737 . _:b663515631 . _:b663515623 . _:b665862926 _:b665862929 . _:b663520736 . _:b666238076 _:b666238075 . _:b665860769 . _:b665805669 "BTO:0000651"^^ . _:b663516673 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665861631 . _:b666238077 _:b666238079 . _:b663515633 . _:b663520750 . _:b663520729 . _:b666238079 _:b666238078 . _:b663914299 . _:b665861529 "BTO:0000651"^^ . _:b663520749 . _:b663515619 . _:b663520730 . _:b663913573 "The first two fifth of the small intestine beyond the duodenum. It extends from the end of the duodenum to the ileum. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665862921 _:b665862920 . _:b663515625 . _:b665862919 _:b665862922 . _:b665862922 _:b665862921 . _:b665860294 . _:b663515627 . _:b663520173 . _:b666238073 _:b666238072 . _:b663520746 . _:b666238071 _:b666238073 . _:b666238074 _:b666238076 . _:b663520745 . _:b663520959 "AAO:0000579"^^ . _:b663515622 . _:b665861403 "Portion of the alimentary canal bounded anteriorly by the pyloric sphincter and posteriorly by the cloacal sphincter.[AAO]"^^ . _:b663519826 . _:b663515834 "A gastrointestinal system infectious disease that involves inflammation of the lining of the stomach and small and large intestines, which is caused by viruses, bacteria, or parasites. Chemicals and drugs also cause gastroenteritis. The symptoms include diarrhea, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, cramps, and discomfort in the abdomen." . _:b663515640 . _:b666238069 _:b666238068 . . _:b663515641 . _:b663515628 . _:b666238070 _:b666238069 . _:b666208870 "FMA:14541"^^ . _:b666238064 _:b666238063 . . _:b663520812 . _:b663516717 . _:b666238065 _:b666238062 . _:b663515647 . _:b666238070 _:b666238067 . _:b663914434 . _:b666238877 "If b is a realizable entity then for all t at which b exists, b s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [063-002])"@en . _:b663515644 . _:b665862928 _:b665862927 . _:b663519829 . _:b663515645 . _:b663515616 . _:b663520768 . _:b663515618 . _:b665860303 . _:b663520811 . _:b665860435 . . _:b665862272 "Intestinal surface area also is increased in amphibians and reptiles by internal folds and occasionally by a few villi. The intestine can be divided into a small intestine and a slightly wider large intestine.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663519835 . _:b665861602 . _:b666238065 _:b666238064 . _:b663515646 . _:b663515638 . . _:b665860921 . _:b666238059 _:b666238058 . _:b665860922 . _:b665860432 . _:b665806506 . _:b665862929 _:b665862928 . _:b665806267 . _:b663520246 "A cecum is present in most amniote species, and also in lungfish, but not in any living species of amphibian. In reptiles, it is usually a single median structure, arising from the dorsal side of the large intestine. Birds typically have two paired ceca, as, unlike other mammals, do hyraxes. Most mammalian herbivores have a relatively large cecum, hosting a large number of bacteria, which aid in the enzymatic breakdown of plant materials such as cellulose; in many species, it is considerably wider than the colon. In contrast, obligatory carnivores, whose diets contain little or no plant material, have a reduced cecum, which is often partially or wholly replaced by the vermiform appendix. Many fish have a number of small outpocketings, called pyloric ceca, along their intestine; despite the name they are not homologous with the cecum of amniotes, and their purpose is to increase the overall area of the digestive epithelium.[2] Some invertebrates, such as squid,[3] may also have structures with the same name, but these have no relationship with those of vertebrates."^^ . _:b663519832 . _:b665860924 . _:b663515642 . _:b665860902 . _:b663519838 . _:b666238060 _:b666238059 . _:b665860917 . _:b663515621 . _:b663520802 . _:b665860927 . _:b663515632 . _:b663520801 . _:b663519811 . _:b666238060 _:b666238057 . _:b663515637 . _:b663914272 . _:b663914274 . _:b666209628 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b663520801 . _:b663515624 . _:b663914273 . _:b666238050 _:b666238049 . _:b665860914 . _:b665860915 . _:b663519808 . _:b665860923 . _:b663515630 . _:b663515643 . _:b665860916 . _:b663520828 . _:b666208406 . _:b666238049 _:b666238048 . _:b665797777 "A zero-dimensional spatial region is a point in space. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [037-001])"@en . _:b663515634 . _:b666238055 _:b666238054 . _:b663519814 . _:b665860918 . . _:b666208400 . _:b666238054 _:b666238053 . _:b663515603 . . . _:b666238055 _:b666238052 . _:b665860904 . _:b663520913 "Portion of the alimentary canal bounded anteriorly by the pyloric sphincter and posteriorly by the cloacal sphincter.[AAO]"^^ . _:b663515598 . _:b665860906 . _:b663520822 . _:b663519817 . _:b665860416 . _:b666238039 _:b666238042 . _:b663520823 . _:b663520776 . _:b663515587 . _:b665863010 _:b665863011 . _:b663520820 . _:b663519823 . _:b665806407 . _:b663515606 . _:b663520777 . _:b665860909 . _:b666238047 _:b666238050 . _:b663914236 "AAO:0000145"^^ . _:b663520821 . _:b665860421 . _:b665805434 "(iff (TwoDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [033-001] " . _:b663515595 . _:b665860911 . _:b663519820 . _:b663519859 . _:b665860426 . _:b666208410 . _:b663515589 . _:b663520817 . _:b665860905 . _:b663515987 "MA"^^ . _:b666238045 _:b666238044 . _:b663515591 . _:b665806403 . _:b663914256 . _:b665860898 . _:b663515596 . _:b665860899 . _:b663519856 . _:b663520796 . _:b665860900 . _:b663515615 . _:b663520780 . _:b665806400 . _:b666208390 . _:b666238046 _:b666238045 . _:b665860901 . _:b663519862 . _:b665860429 . _:b666208385 . _:b663515586 . _:b663520768 . _:b666238016 _:b666238015 . _:b665860910 . _:b666238041 _:b666238040 . _:b663515592 . _:b663520795 . _:b666239307 . _:b663515612 . _:b663520769 . _:b666238042 _:b666238041 . _:b666238043 _:b666238046 . _:b663520770 . _:b665860880 . _:b663520776 . _:b663516594 . _:b665863008 _:b665863007 . _:b666238406 . _:b663515585 . _:b663914249 . _:b663515613 . _:b663520703 . _:b663515605 . _:b666238019 _:b666238018 . _:b663519865 . _:b663520702 . _:b665860891 . _:b663516743 "MP:0000492"^^ . _:b665806408 . _:b663520701 . _:b663515609 . _:b665860892 . _:b663516663 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663519871 . _:b666238017 _:b666238016 . _:b663520700 . _:b665860893 . _:b666238777 . _:b663515601 . _:b663515588 . _:b665860886 . . _:b666238022 _:b666238021 . _:b665860895 . _:b663519868 . _:b666238023 _:b666238027 . _:b666238020 _:b666238019 . _:b665861544 . _:b663515607 . _:b666239134 "intestinum crassum cecum"^^ . _:b666208395 . _:b663515594 . _:b663515614 . _:b665860881 . _:b666208437 . _:b665862912 _:b665862911 . _:b663519841 . . _:b666238025 _:b666238024 . _:b663515604 . _:b665862913 _:b665862910 . _:b663516579 . _:b663520751 "A zero-dimensional spatial region is a point in space. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [037-001])"@en . _:b665862999 _:b665862998 . . _:b666238026 _:b666238025 . _:b665860884 . _:b666238027 _:b666238026 . _:b663519847 . _:b663515610 . _:b663515600 . _:b666238028 _:b666238030 . _:b663520797 . _:b663515597 . _:b665862998 _:b665862997 . _:b663914311 "In humans, the duodenum is a hollow jointed tube about 10-15 inches (25-38 centimetres) long connecting the stomach to the jejunum. It begins with the duodenal bulb and ends at the ligament of Treitz."^^ . _:b665862140 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665860894 . _:b665860887 . _:b663519844 . _:b665862730 "All realizable dependent continuants have independent continuants that are not spatial regions as their bearers. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [060-002])"@en . _:b663520792 . _:b665860864 . _:b665806072 "A continuant is an entity that persists, endures, or continues to exist through time while maintaining its identity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [008-002])"@en . _:b663515564 . _:b666238030 _:b666238029 . _:b665860873 . _:b663519850 . _:b663515570 . _:b665861597 . _:b665860874 . _:b666237993 _:b666237992 . _:b663515556 . _:b665860815 . _:b666237994 _:b666237993 . _:b665860876 . _:b666208446 . _:b665863007 _:b665863006 . _:b665860869 . _:b666237996 _:b666237995 . _:b665863005 _:b665863008 . _:b666237997 _:b666237996 . _:b666238310 . _:b663515562 . _:b663519853 . _:b666237984 _:b666237983 . _:b666238311 . _:b665860879 . _:b666237999 _:b666237998 . _:b663515576 . _:b663519763 . _:b665860865 . _:b663515565 . _:b665862996 _:b665862999 . _:b666237987 _:b666237986 . _:b663515579 . _:b663515559 . _:b663519760 . _:b665860875 . _:b665798659 . _:b666238304 . _:b663914241 . _:b665860868 . . _:b665861196 "An occurrent is an entity that unfolds itself in time or it is the instantaneous boundary of such an entity (for example a beginning or an ending) or it is a temporal or spatiotemporal region which such an entity occupies_temporal_region or occupies_spatiotemporal_region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [077-002])"@en . _:b666237985 _:b666237984 . _:b666238305 . _:b663515553 . _:b663515555 . _:b665860870 . _:b663519765 . _:b666237990 _:b666237989 . _:b666238319 . _:b665806210 . _:b666237991 _:b666237994 . _:b663515560 . _:b666237988 _:b666237987 . _:b665860371 . _:b666208419 . _:b665863128 "The first chamber in the alimentary canal of a ruminant stomach, composed of the rumen and reticulum."^^ . _:b666238316 . _:b663515580 . _:b665861553 . _:b663515574 . _:b663515552 . _:b663519770 . _:b666238012 _:b666238011 . _:b666238013 _:b666238012 . _:b663914247 . _:b663515582 . _:b666208428 . . _:b666238315 . _:b666238015 _:b666238014 . _:b663516937 . _:b663519768 . _:b665860375 . _:b663519775 . _:b666238147 "b is a role means: b is a realizable entity & b exists because there is some single bearer that is in some special physical, social, or institutional set of circumstances in which this bearer does not have to be& b is not such that, if it ceases to exist, then the physical make-up of the bearer is thereby changed. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [061-001])"@en . _:b663515577 . _:b663516875 . _:b665860818 . _:b663515569 . _:b663519773 . _:b666238009 _:b666238013 . _:b663515558 . _:b663515573 . _:b665862382 . _:b663515583 . _:b665860820 . _:b663516627 . _:b666238011 _:b666238010 . _:b663515561 . _:b663519747 . _:b666238008 _:b666238007 . _:b665860378 . _:b665862139 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b665860823 . _:b666238006 _:b666238005 . _:b666238005 _:b666238004 . _:b666238320 . _:b663515568 . _:b665860988 . _:b665862259 _:b665862262 . _:b663913933 _:b663913937 . _:b663515578 . _:b665806364 . _:b663519750 . _:b665860381 . _:b666238002 _:b666238001 . _:b666238003 _:b666238002 . _:b663515567 . _:b665806395 . _:b666208464 . _:b663913928 _:b663913932 . _:b663515571 . _:b665806366 . _:b665860355 . _:b663515527 . _:b666239236 . _:b663519755 . _:b666238000 _:b666238003 . _:b663515534 . _:b663515539 . _:b665861534 . _:b666237954 _:b666237953 . _:b663515525 . _:b666237955 _:b666237958 . _:b663519753 . _:b665860352 . _:b663516942 . . _:b663914328 . _:b665862941 "Portion of alimentary canal with increased circular and longitudinal smooth muscle. Bounded posteriorly by the pyloric sphincter. Mucosal lining has increased folding.[AAO]"^^ . . _:b665862261 _:b665862260 . _:b665860358 . _:b666239243 . _:b663515522 . _:b665862262 _:b665862261 . _:b666239233 . _:b665862751 "b is an object aggregate means: b is a material entity consisting exactly of a plurality of objects as member_parts at all times at which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [025-004])"@en . _:b663519758 . _:b666209529 . _:b663515529 . _:b666208473 . _:b666238278 . _:b666237958 _:b666237957 . _:b663515520 . _:b666237957 _:b666237956 . _:b663516939 . _:b663515535 . _:b663914285 . _:b665860361 . _:b663519793 . _:b663515524 . _:b663913498 . _:b666237961 _:b666237960 . _:b663515532 . _:b665861524 . _:b665860367 . _:b666208455 . _:b663515549 . _:b666237963 _:b666237962 . _:b663519799 . _:b666237960 _:b666237959 . _:b663520787 . _:b663515530 . _:b666237964 _:b666237967 . _:b665860708 "ventriculus"^^ . _:b663913497 . _:b663520788 . _:b665860364 . _:b663913502 . _:b666237967 _:b666237966 . _:b665798808 "ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.566"^^ . _:b663519796 . _:b663914319 . _:b666208645 "(forall (x) (if (ObjectAggregate x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y z) (and (Object y) (Object z) (memberPartOfAt y x t) (memberPartOfAt z x t) (not (= y z)))))) (not (exists (w t_1) (and (memberPartOfAt w x t_1) (not (Object w)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [025-004] " . _:b665862264 _:b665862265 . _:b663913503 . _:b663515543 . _:b665862253 _:b665862252 . _:b663520856 . _:b665860612 . _:b663913500 . _:b666237966 _:b666237965 . _:b666237975 _:b666237974 . _:b663519802 . _:b665860401 . _:b666237973 _:b666237976 . _:b665806383 "Last portion of the large intestine before it becomes the rectum."^^ . _:b666239254 . _:b663515550 . _:b663913938 _:b663913942 . _:b663515540 . _:b665862252 _:b665862251 . _:b665860947 . _:b666237972 _:b666237971 . _:b663914310 . _:b663913943 _:b663913947 . _:b663914311 . _:b663914309 . _:b665860405 . _:b663515537 . _:b666237970 _:b666237969 . _:b663519805 . _:b663515546 . _:b666237982 _:b666237985 . _:b666238998 . _:b663520450 . _:b665860411 . _:b665806391 . _:b663515551 . _:b665861481 . _:b666237969 _:b666237968 . _:b663519778 . _:b665862250 _:b665862253 . _:b666237981 _:b666237980 . _:b666208501 . _:b663515542 . _:b663914232 . _:b663914335 . _:b663515547 . _:b666208517 . _:b665798580 "A zero-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is without extent. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [102-001])"@en . _:b663519783 . _:b666238152 "(forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [038-001] " . _:b666239257 . _:b665861474 . _:b663520807 . _:b666208514 . _:b663520806 . _:b663519780 . _:b666237978 _:b666237977 . _:b663914147 . _:b666237979 _:b666237978 . _:b663520805 . _:b663519787 . _:b666237976 _:b666237975 . _:b665860386 . _:b666239027 . _:b663520792 . _:b663520793 . _:b666208685 "A history is a process that is the sum of the totality of processes taking place in the spatiotemporal region occupied by a material entity or site, including processes on the surface of the entity or within the cavities to which it serves as host. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [138-001])"@en . _:b663520794 . _:b665806394 . _:b663913504 . _:b663519790 . _:b663913505 . _:b666208513 . _:b663515538 . _:b663520781 . _:b663914059 "a one-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a continuous fiat line whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [032-001])"@en . _:b663914422 . _:b665861497 . _:b663515548 . _:b663914423 . _:b665862013 "(iff (GenericallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (exists (b t) (genericallyDependsOnAt a b t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [074-001] " . _:b666209572 . _:b666208533 . _:b663914410 . _:b663515544 . _:b663914305 . _:b665860397 . _:b665860942 . _:b666208536 . _:b665860764 . _:b666208529 . _:b665861040 . _:b666209655 "Subdivision of digestive tract that connects the stomach to the large intestine and is where much of the digestion and absorption of food takes place (with the exception of ruminants). The mammalian small intestine is long and coiled and can be differentiated histologically into: duodenum, jejunem, ileum[WP,cjm,Kardong]."^^ . _:b665862353 . _:b666208482 . _:b665860765 . _:b665806393 . _:b666208532 . _:b665862905 . _:b666239282 . _:b663516081 "lower intestine"^^ . _:b665862906 . _:b663515523 . _:b666239281 . _:b666208528 . _:b665861448 . _:b663515533 . _:b666208491 . _:b666208537 . _:b663519939 . _:b665860570 . _:b665861049 . _:b663519936 . _:b663914202 . _:b665862205 _:b665862206 . _:b663515528 . _:b663519942 . _:b665862180 _:b665862183 . _:b663520878 . _:b663520962 "ncithesaurus:Stomach"^^ . _:b663914185 . _:b665862176 _:b665862175 . _:b663515575 . _:b663519945 . _:b663914205 . _:b663913421 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b663914343 . _:b665860862 "FMA:71131"^^ . _:b663914340 . _:b665860863 "FMA:71131"^^ . _:b666238202 _:b666238201 . _:b665861031 . _:b665862183 _:b665862182 . _:b666238203 _:b666238202 . _:b663914338 . _:b665862182 _:b665862181 . _:b663913636 "FMA:71131"^^ . _:b666238200 _:b666238203 . _:b665860559 . _:b663913637 "FMA:71131"^^ . _:b665861461 . _:b665806343 . _:b663515557 . _:b665861008 . _:b666208712 . _:b666209051 . _:b665860598 . _:b665806346 . _:b665861013 . _:b663520973 "The few structural specializations in (adult lampreys) pharynx include complex valves on the external gill openings that direct the tidal flow, and the division of the ancestral pharynx into an oesophagus and a respiratory pharynx.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b666208716 . _:b665861018 . _:b663515566 . _:b665806354 . _:b663516571 "url:https://www.foodsafety.gov/poisoning/causes/bacteriaviruses/salmonella" . _:b665862990 "UBERON:0001155"^^ . _:b665806353 . _:b665806352 . _:b663515772 . _:b665806359 . _:b665861022 . _:b666239046 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b663515770 . _:b666238231 . _:b665862152 _:b665862157 . _:b665806357 . _:b663515771 . _:b665862158 _:b665862162 . _:b665860993 . _:b666208712 . _:b665862155 _:b665862154 . _:b665860582 . _:b666208716 . _:b665860998 . _:b663515602 . _:b663914075 . _:b665862156 _:b665862155 . _:b665862157 _:b665862156 . _:b663519891 . _:b665860586 . _:b665862156 _:b665862153 . _:b663519888 . _:b665862167 _:b665862166 . _:b665861003 . _:b665862162 _:b665862159 . _:b665805376 . _:b665862166 _:b665862165 . _:b663515611 . _:b665862167 _:b665862164 . _:b666208710 . _:b666209595 "esophagus NOT part of gut in MA. part of gut in ZFA. part_of gut (via UGIT) in FMA. Consider splitting. Interspecies: The human oesophagus is 25 cm long and has a diameter of ca. 2 cm. Only little information was found on the oesophagus in rat, rabbit and pig. The oesophagus of rat (75 x 2 mm) and rabbit has no mucous glands and the cardia of the stomach has a well-developed sphincter, which prevents them from vomiting (Hebel and Stromberg, 1988; Manning et al., 1994). Morphologically the oesophagus is similar in man and pig; both are omnivores and have a non-keratinised epithelium, submucous glands and similar membrane enzymes. Like in humans, pigs can suffer from reflux oesophagitis and stress ulceration of the oesophagus. The pig oesophagus may therefore be a good model for investigation compared to the human oesophagus (Christie et al., 1995)"^^ . _:b663520831 . _:b665862161 _:b665862160 . _:b665862162 _:b665862161 . _:b666208709 . _:b666239092 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b666208707 . _:b666208708 . _:b665806379 . _:b665806378 . _:b665806544 _:b665806543 . _:b663519896 . _:b665806555 _:b665806558 . _:b665861500 "VHOG:0000648"^^ . _:b665806551 _:b665806550 . _:b663515584 . _:b665862175 _:b665862174 . _:b665862163 _:b665862167 . _:b665862173 _:b665862176 . _:b663516058 "VHOG:0000052"^^ . _:b665806382 . _:b665806545 _:b665806544 . _:b665861112 . _:b665805373 . _:b665861472 _:b665861473 . _:b663519874 . _:b663914085 "url:http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec09/ch122/ch122a.html" . _:b665805375 . _:b665806557 _:b665806556 . _:b665862359 _:b665862358 . _:b665805374 . _:b663515593 . _:b665806558 _:b665806557 . _:b665806549 _:b665806552 . _:b665862361 _:b665862364 . _:b665862358 _:b665862357 . _:b665861479 _:b665861480 . _:b663519877 . _:b666208344 . _:b663520451 . _:b666208336 . _:b665806528 _:b665806527 . _:b665806552 _:b665806551 . _:b665862703 "(forall (x) (if (SpatialRegion x) (Continuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [035-001] " . _:b666208628 "a quality is a specifically dependent continuant that, in contrast to roles and dispositions, does not require any further process in order to be realized. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [055-001])"@en . _:b666208341 . _:b663515639 . _:b663914176 . _:b663519881 . _:b665862243 . _:b663914177 . _:b665862364 _:b665862363 . _:b665806529 _:b665806528 . _:b665862367 _:b665862370 . _:b663914178 . _:b663515754 . _:b663520846 . _:b663914179 . _:b663515755 . _:b665806537 _:b665806540 . _:b666208337 . _:b665861402 . _:b665806542 _:b665806545 . _:b663519885 . _:b665861094 . _:b665862363 _:b665862362 . _:b665806539 _:b665806538 . _:b665861495 _:b665861496 . _:b665862356 _:b665862359 . _:b663519921 . _:b665862350 _:b665862351 . _:b665862337 _:b665862336 . _:b665862338 _:b665862337 . _:b665798783 "UMLS:C0009368"^^ . _:b665806540 _:b665806539 . _:b665806349 . _:b663519926 . _:b665862245 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b663516409 . _:b665806348 . _:b665806351 . _:b665861103 . _:b666238935 "(iff (RelationalQuality a) (exists (b c t) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (IndependentContinuant c) (qualityOfAt a b t) (qualityOfAt a c t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [057-001] " . _:b665806350 . _:b665861393 . _:b663519931 . _:b663515620 . _:b666238261 . _:b665861975 . _:b665862007 "A three-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of three dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [040-001])"@en . _:b665861974 . _:b665861973 . _:b665806347 . _:b663914087 . _:b665805349 "All continuant parts of spatial regions are spatial regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [036-001])"@en . _:b665798635 . _:b665861972 . _:b665862341 _:b665862346 . _:b665862344 _:b665862343 . _:b665861076 . _:b665862345 _:b665862342 . _:b665862345 _:b665862344 . _:b665862220 . _:b665862346 _:b665862345 . _:b663515629 . _:b666208331 . _:b663519907 . _:b663516051 "intestinum tenue"^^ . _:b665798644 . _:b663516052 "intestinum tenue"^^ . _:b665861982 . _:b665861981 . _:b665862386 _:b665862389 . _:b666208375 . _:b665798685 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b663519911 . _:b665862399 _:b665862398 . _:b665861085 . _:b665861978 . _:b665861255 . _:b665798830 "mid-intestine"^^ . _:b665861254 . _:b665861976 . _:b663519915 . _:b666209021 . _:b666238244 . _:b665861058 . _:b666208380 . _:b666208693 . _:b665861957 . _:b665806568 _:b665806567 . _:b665861956 . _:b665862388 _:b665862387 . _:b666239105 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b665862389 _:b665862388 . _:b666238316 . _:b666208689 . _:b663914075 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infectious_disease" . _:b666238191 "(iff (TwoDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [033-001] " . _:b665862271 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b665861952 . _:b665861966 . _:b665861470 _:b665861471 . _:b665861067 . _:b665861964 . _:b665806567 _:b665806566 . _:b665861963 . _:b666238315 . _:b665861962 . _:b665806566 _:b665806565 . _:b666239292 "FBbt:00100316"^^ . _:b665862372 _:b665862375 . _:b665806564 _:b665806563 . _:b665806565 _:b665806564 . _:b665861452 "ncithesaurus:Stomach"^^ . _:b666239178 . _:b665862381 _:b665862380 . _:b666239179 . _:b666239176 . _:b665862006 . _:b666239177 . _:b665860667 . _:b665862380 _:b665862379 . _:b665862369 _:b665862368 . _:b666239182 . _:b665806465 _:b665806464 . _:b665860668 . _:b665862370 _:b665862369 . _:b665860660 . _:b666239183 . _:b666238783 . _:b666239180 . _:b666239181 . _:b665862001 . _:b665862375 _:b665862374 . _:b665806475 _:b665806478 . _:b665862015 . _:b665861318 . _:b665862374 _:b665862373 . _:b665862378 _:b665862381 . _:b665860666 . _:b666208366 . _:b665862013 . _:b666209399 "A function is a disposition that exists in virtue of the bearer\u2019s physical make-up and this physical make-up is something the bearer possesses because it came into being, either through evolution (in the case of natural biological entities) or through intentional design (in the case of artifacts), in order to realize processes of a certain sort. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [064-001])"@en . _:b666208355 . _:b666208358 . _:b665806160 "A one-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is extended. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [103-001])"@en . _:b666208369 . _:b666208353 . _:b665860661 . _:b663516580 "url:http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec09/ch122/ch122a.html" . _:b665862010 . _:b665860662 . _:b665861965 . _:b665798622 . _:b666208359 . _:b665806490 _:b665806491 . _:b665861966 . _:b665860671 . _:b666208372 . _:b665861312 . _:b665806477 _:b665806476 . _:b666208361 . _:b665862008 . _:b663516154 "GO:0060465"^^ . _:b665806478 _:b665806477 . _:b665861313 . _:b665806485 _:b665806482 . _:b665861991 . _:b666208364 . _:b663516488 "A two-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of two dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [039-001])"@en . _:b666208362 . _:b665806484 _:b665806483 . _:b666208367 . _:b665806486 _:b665806485 . _:b665806485 _:b665806484 . _:b665860651 . _:b666208357 . _:b665861988 . _:b665860652 . _:b665860653 . _:b665861287 . _:b665861986 . _:b665860654 . _:b665861985 . _:b665860579 . _:b665805448 . _:b666239115 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b665860640 . _:b666208352 . _:b665861290 . _:b665861999 . _:b663914175 . _:b665860641 . _:b666208354 . _:b665860642 . _:b663516197 . _:b666208374 . _:b665861997 . _:b665861288 . _:b665860643 . _:b666208381 . _:b663516198 . _:b665861289 . _:b665806481 _:b665806486 . _:b665860644 . _:b665861995 . _:b665860645 . _:b665806439 "MGI:csmith"^^ . _:b665862397 _:b665862400 . _:b666208368 . _:b663515834 . _:b666208376 . _:b666208356 . _:b665861992 . _:b665860632 . _:b665806501 _:b665806504 . _:b665860210 . _:b666208371 . _:b665861266 . _:b665860633 . _:b665806526 _:b665806529 . _:b665861267 . _:b665860626 . _:b666208363 . _:b663516005 "A cecum is present in most amniote species, and also in lungfish, but not in any living species of amphibian. In reptiles, it is usually a single median structure, arising from the dorsal side of the large intestine. Birds typically have two paired ceca, as, unlike other mammals, do hyraxes. Most mammalian herbivores have a relatively large cecum, hosting a large number of bacteria, which aid in the enzymatic breakdown of plant materials such as cellulose; in many species, it is considerably wider than the colon. In contrast, obligatory carnivores, whose diets contain little or no plant material, have a reduced cecum, which is often partially or wholly replaced by the vermiform appendix. Many fish have a number of small outpocketings, called pyloric ceca, along their intestine; despite the name they are not homologous with the cecum of amniotes, and their purpose is to increase the overall area of the digestive epithelium.[2] Some invertebrates, such as squid,[3] may also have structures with the same name, but these have no relationship with those of vertebrates."^^ . _:b665860635 . _:b666208382 . _:b666208360 . _:b665860215 . _:b665806504 _:b665806503 . _:b665861292 . _:b663516473 "(forall (x t) (if (IndependentContinuant x) (exists (r) (and (SpatialRegion r) (locatedInAt x r t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [134-001] " . _:b665861291 . _:b665860213 . _:b666208379 . _:b665860638 . _:b665861291 . _:b666208370 . _:b665860639 . _:b665806509 _:b665806508 . _:b666208622 "To say that b is a realizable entity is to say that b is a specifically dependent continuant that inheres in some independent continuant which is not a spatial region and is of a type instances of which are realized in processes of a correlated type. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [058-002])"@en . _:b665860219 . _:b666238441 "MGI:monikat"^^ . _:b665806510 _:b665806509 . _:b666208377 . _:b665806496 _:b665806499 . _:b666208365 . _:b665806499 _:b665806498 . _:b666208338 . _:b665860634 . _:b665861287 . _:b666239069 . _:b665862831 . _:b665860627 . _:b665861252 . _:b665806498 _:b665806497 . _:b665862335 _:b665862338 . _:b665861253 . _:b665860222 . _:b666239040 . _:b665860704 "It appears that the stomach has an ancient origin. The stomach first appears in the fish lineage. The prevertebrate chordates do not have a true stomach, whereas the cartilaginous and bony fish do. Although most fish do have a true stomach, some fish species appear to have lost the stomach secondarily. The remaining vertebrate lineages do have a true stomach (at least in the adult animal), although there is great variation in the size and shape of the stomach.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b666208334 . _:b665861282 . _:b666208342 . _:b665862313 _:b665862312 . _:b665862311 _:b665862314 . _:b665860630 . _:b666208329 . _:b665862314 _:b665862313 . _:b665798744 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b665860631 . _:b665862306 _:b665862309 . _:b665806507 _:b665806510 . _:b665806503 _:b665806502 . _:b665860616 . _:b665861258 . _:b665862319 _:b665862318 . _:b663913704 _:b663913710 . _:b665861310 . _:b663516172 . _:b666208335 . _:b663516781 . _:b665860618 . _:b666208777 . _:b665861311 . _:b666208347 . _:b666208778 . _:b665860611 . _:b665806491 . _:b665806512 _:b665806515 . _:b666208779 . _:b666208345 . _:b665806520 _:b665806519 . _:b666208780 . _:b665860197 . _:b665806521 _:b665806520 . _:b666239099 . _:b665860622 . _:b666208781 . _:b665805280 . _:b663516676 . _:b666208351 . _:b665861307 . _:b663515482 . _:b663515474 . _:b666208330 . _:b665860623 . _:b663516677 . _:b665806518 _:b665806521 . _:b665860202 . _:b663516171 . _:b663520120 . _:b665861286 . _:b665863038 "UMLS:C0022378"^^ . _:b665862308 _:b665862307 . _:b665860617 . _:b665862317 _:b665862320 . _:b665861302 . _:b663515479 . _:b663516479 "(forall (x y t) (if (and (SpatialRegion x) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)) (SpatialRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [036-001] " . _:b665862309 _:b665862308 . _:b665860610 . _:b663520122 . _:b663914047 "(iff (ProcessBoundary a) (exists (p) (and (Process p) (temporalPartOf a p) (not (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [084-001] " . _:b665862322 _:b665862325 . _:b665860612 . _:b665861285 . _:b665861301 . _:b665860206 . _:b666208348 . _:b663520116 . _:b666208340 . _:b665860621 . _:b663515475 . _:b665806515 _:b665806514 . _:b663516687 . _:b665806386 "VHOG:0000648"^^ . _:b665798731 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b663520125 . _:b663520126 . _:b665860615 . _:b665806464 _:b665806463 . _:b665806514 _:b665806513 . _:b666239085 . _:b663516682 . _:b665806460 _:b665806459 . _:b663520112 . _:b663516683 . _:b666208343 . _:b666208346 . _:b665806451 _:b665806454 . _:b663520113 . _:b663520121 . _:b666239087 . _:b663520114 . _:b666239086 . _:b665862945 "gaster"^^ . _:b663520115 . _:b665860732 . _:b666208349 . _:b665862320 _:b665862319 . _:b665806459 _:b665806458 . _:b665861939 . _:b665862324 _:b665862323 . _:b666208339 . _:b666208350 . _:b663520117 . _:b666239083 . _:b665862325 _:b665862324 . _:b665861938 . _:b665860734 . _:b663516692 . _:b665861937 . _:b666239082 . _:b663515469 . _:b665861936 . _:b665860720 . _:b663520127 . _:b663516732 "The few structural specializations in (adult lampreys) pharynx include complex valves on the external gill openings that direct the tidal flow, and the division of the ancestral pharynx into an oesophagus and a respiratory pharynx.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b666209785 . _:b663520104 . _:b665861951 . _:b665860721 . _:b665805464 . _:b663516691 . _:b666239076 . _:b665861260 . _:b665806453 _:b665806452 . _:b665806457 _:b665806460 . _:b665861950 . _:b665860722 . _:b665806454 _:b665806453 . _:b663516688 . _:b663914250 . _:b663520106 . _:b665806448 _:b665806447 . _:b663914251 . _:b663520107 . _:b663914248 . _:b665862441 _:b665862440 . _:b665860725 . _:b665861256 . _:b663914249 . _:b665861946 . _:b665862442 _:b665862441 . _:b665861257 . _:b665862443 _:b665862442 . _:b663520110 . _:b665861945 . _:b665860727 . _:b665861258 . _:b665806449 _:b665806448 . _:b665862445 _:b665862444 . _:b663520111 . _:b665860712 . _:b665861259 . _:b665862737 "(forall (x) (if (Quality x) (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [055-001] " . _:b665806076 "(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (continuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [009-002] " . _:b665860713 . _:b665862447 _:b665862446 . _:b666238972 _:b666238971 . _:b665860714 . _:b663520105 . _:b666238975 _:b666238974 . _:b663520098 . _:b665862446 _:b665862445 . _:b665862434 _:b665862438 . _:b663914243 . _:b663520099 . _:b663520100 . _:b666238971 _:b666238970 . _:b663520101 . _:b663914246 . _:b663520102 . _:b666238455 "lower intestine"^^ . _:b663520103 . _:b663914244 . _:b663520088 . _:b665862438 _:b665862437 . _:b665861270 . _:b665862436 _:b665862435 . _:b665862439 _:b665862443 . _:b663520089 . _:b665862437 _:b665862436 . _:b666238969 _:b666238972 . _:b666238960 _:b666238959 . _:b663515518 . _:b663515513 . _:b663520091 . _:b665862461 _:b665862460 . _:b665798437 "0.0"^^ . _:b665860709 . _:b666209345 "All parts of temporal regions are temporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [101-001])"@en . _:b665861266 . _:b665862463 _:b665862462 . _:b665806446 _:b665806449 . _:b665860710 . _:b666208623 "All realizable dependent continuants have independent continuants that are not spatial regions as their bearers. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [060-002])"@en . _:b665860711 . _:b666209744 . _:b663520095 . _:b665860696 . _:b665860688 . _:b665860697 . _:b666238232 . _:b665860698 . _:b665862458 _:b665862457 . _:b665798447 "0.0"^^ . _:b665862459 _:b665862458 . _:b665861231 . _:b665862456 _:b665862455 . _:b666208840 . _:b665860699 . _:b663520090 . _:b665862455 _:b665862454 . _:b663520083 . _:b666208718 . _:b663520084 . _:b665862454 _:b665862453 . _:b666238946 _:b666238949 . _:b665862452 _:b665862451 . _:b663520085 . _:b666238959 _:b666238958 . _:b663520086 . _:b663520094 . _:b665798442 "0.0"^^ . _:b665806404 _:b665806405 . _:b663520087 . _:b665862450 _:b665862449 . _:b666208714 . _:b663520072 . _:b666239201 . _:b665860689 . _:b663516693 . _:b666239200 . _:b663520073 . _:b665805728 . _:b665862449 _:b665862448 . _:b666239202 . _:b665860692 . _:b663520067 . _:b666238964 _:b666238965 . _:b665860693 . _:b665798452 "0.0"^^ . _:b665860694 . _:b666238948 _:b666238947 . _:b665860695 . _:b666238957 _:b666238960 . _:b666238949 _:b666238948 . _:b663520079 . _:b665862415 _:b665862418 . _:b663914098 . _:b663515954 . _:b665860680 . _:b663515836 "url:http://www2.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/mwmednlm?book=Medical&va=anatomic" . _:b665862409 _:b665862412 . _:b665797742 "(iff (IndependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (not (exists (b t) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [017-002] " . _:b665806401 _:b665806400 . _:b665806402 _:b665806401 . _:b665862404 _:b665862403 . _:b665806462 _:b665806465 . _:b665862405 _:b665862404 . _:b665860682 . _:b665861247 . _:b666238761 _:b666238760 . _:b666239195 . _:b663914168 . _:b665862411 _:b665862410 . _:b666238762 _:b666238761 . _:b666238763 _:b666238762 . _:b663520068 . _:b666239197 . _:b665860685 . _:b665806362 "UMLS:C0034896"^^ . _:b666238765 _:b666238764 . _:b666239196 . _:b665860686 . _:b666238752 _:b666238751 . _:b666238898 "(forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [038-001] " . _:b666239199 . _:b665860687 . _:b663520078 . _:b665862402 _:b665862405 . _:b665862412 _:b665862411 . _:b666239198 . _:b665860672 . _:b666238766 _:b666238765 . _:b665860673 . _:b663520176 . _:b665860681 . _:b666238754 _:b666238753 . _:b666238755 _:b666238759 . _:b663520186 . _:b663520187 . _:b665860676 . _:b665805767 . _:b663520188 . _:b663516930 . _:b665860677 . _:b666238759 _:b666238758 . _:b666208636 "(forall (x) (if (Role x) (RealizableEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [061-001] " . _:b663520189 . _:b665860678 . _:b663520181 . _:b663520190 . _:b666238758 _:b666238757 . _:b665860679 . _:b665805770 . _:b665862417 _:b665862416 . _:b665860307 . _:b666238757 _:b666238756 . _:b663516767 "The last portion of the digestive system, it extracts water and salt from solid wastes before they are eliminated from the body.[AAO]"^^ . _:b665862418 _:b665862417 . _:b663521172 . _:b663519707 . _:b665806399 _:b665806402 . _:b665861200 . _:b663520177 . _:b663516872 . _:b665860304 . _:b663520178 . _:b665860795 . _:b666208994 "subdivision of alimentary system"^^ . _:b665862428 _:b665862427 . _:b665860796 . _:b665860310 . _:b666208820 . _:b663520182 . _:b665861454 "ventriculus"^^ . _:b663520183 . _:b663520191 . _:b665860784 . _:b666238776 _:b666238775 . _:b663515825 . _:b665862425 _:b665862424 . _:b665860785 . _:b666208823 . _:b663521155 . _:b665860313 . _:b665860786 . _:b665862426 _:b665862425 . _:b665862427 _:b665862426 . _:b666238768 _:b666238767 . _:b665862424 _:b665862423 . _:b665860718 "esophagus NOT part of gut in MA. part of gut in ZFA. part_of gut (via UGIT) in FMA. Consider splitting. Interspecies: The human oesophagus is 25 cm long and has a diameter of ca. 2 cm. Only little information was found on the oesophagus in rat, rabbit and pig. The oesophagus of rat (75 x 2 mm) and rabbit has no mucous glands and the cardia of the stomach has a well-developed sphincter, which prevents them from vomiting (Hebel and Stromberg, 1988; Manning et al., 1994). Morphologically the oesophagus is similar in man and pig; both are omnivores and have a non-keratinised epithelium, submucous glands and similar membrane enzymes. Like in humans, pigs can suffer from reflux oesophagitis and stress ulceration of the oesophagus. The pig oesophagus may therefore be a good model for investigation compared to the human oesophagus (Christie et al., 1995)"^^ . _:b666238772 _:b666238771 . _:b665860319 . _:b666238773 _:b666238772 . _:b663520171 . _:b666208493 . _:b665862525 _:b665862524 . _:b666208485 . _:b666208534 . _:b666238774 _:b666238776 . _:b663520172 . _:b663515951 . . _:b666208502 . _:b666238771 _:b666238770 . _:b666208489 . _:b665860316 . _:b666208503 . _:b665862526 _:b665862525 . _:b663516718 "Portion of alimentary canal with increased circular and longitudinal smooth muscle. Bounded posteriorly by the pyloric sphincter. Mucosal lining has increased folding.[AAO]"^^ . _:b666208481 . _:b665860776 . _:b666208530 . _:b666238769 _:b666238773 . _:b665860289 . _:b666208487 . _:b663520161 . _:b666238722 _:b666238721 . _:b666208506 . _:b665862522 _:b665862521 . _:b665862523 _:b665862526 . _:b665862520 _:b665862519 . _:b666208507 . _:b663520162 . _:b663520170 . _:b666208494 . _:b665862519 _:b665862518 . _:b665860295 . _:b663520163 . _:b665862512 _:b665862511 . _:b666238721 _:b666238720 . _:b666208988 . _:b666208484 . _:b663520164 . _:b665806392 _:b665806391 . _:b666238727 _:b666238726 . _:b665862516 _:b665862515 . _:b666239252 "subdivision of alimentary system"^^ . _:b666208510 . _:b665806393 _:b665806392 . _:b665862517 _:b665862516 . _:b665861274 "A one-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is extended. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [103-001])"@en . _:b665860292 . _:b666208490 . _:b666208480 . _:b666238724 _:b666238723 . _:b665806390 _:b665806393 . _:b666238725 _:b666238724 . _:b665860768 . _:b665862514 _:b665862517 . _:b665860298 . _:b666208538 . _:b663520152 . _:b666238236 . _:b666208509 . _:b663520144 . _:b663520153 . _:b663519729 . _:b666238728 _:b666238731 . _:b666208483 . _:b665861195 . _:b663520154 . _:b665862513 _:b665862512 . _:b665860771 . _:b665861194 . _:b665862505 _:b665862507 . _:b663520155 . _:b666238730 _:b666238729 . _:b665860772 . _:b666238731 _:b666238730 . _:b665861197 . _:b666208518 . _:b666208500 . _:b666208508 . _:b665860773 . _:b665862510 _:b665862513 . _:b663519734 . _:b666208486 . _:b665860301 . _:b666238733 _:b666238732 . _:b665861196 . _:b665860774 . _:b665862507 _:b665862506 . _:b665861199 . _:b665862504 _:b665862503 . _:b665860775 . _:b663914169 "UMLS:C0021851"^^ . _:b665798763 . _:b663519732 . _:b665861198 . _:b666208515 . _:b665862509 _:b665862508 . _:b665861201 . _:b666208504 . _:b666238734 _:b666238733 . _:b666238743 _:b666238742 . _:b663519738 . _:b665860337 . _:b665798167 "The pharynx is the part of the digestive system immediately posterior to the mouth[GO]."^^ . _:b665862038 . _:b663520145 . _:b665860762 . _:b666238736 _:b666238735 . _:b665862207 . _:b665798523 "A zero-dimensional spatial region is a point in space. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [037-001])"@en . _:b666238742 _:b666238741 . _:b665860763 . _:b666238740 _:b666238739 . _:b665860343 . _:b665862036 . _:b665860764 . _:b663519743 . _:b665862499 _:b665862498 . _:b663520148 . _:b665862035 . _:b665860765 . _:b663520149 . _:b665861240 . _:b665860766 . _:b666238739 _:b666238738 . _:b665860758 . _:b663519741 . _:b665860340 . _:b666208495 . _:b663520150 . _:b665862497 _:b665862496 . _:b666208492 . _:b663520151 . _:b665862032 . _:b666208505 . _:b666208499 . _:b665860346 . _:b666238737 _:b666238740 . _:b665862400 _:b665862399 . _:b665861237 . _:b666208496 . _:b663913420 . _:b665862502 _:b665862501 . _:b665862500 _:b665862502 . _:b666238748 _:b666238747 . _:b665798837 "ncithesaurus:Ileum"^^ . _:b666238749 _:b666238748 . _:b663515934 . _:b663520137 . _:b666208460 . . _:b666208564 . _:b665861239 . _:b666208454 . _:b665862045 . _:b665798781 "The posterior intestine has short longitudinally arranged epithelial folds which are similar to the colon of higher vertebrates. Wallace et al, 2005.[TAO]"^^ . _:b666238751 _:b666238750 . _:b663519712 . _:b665862487 _:b665862486 . _:b666208567 . _:b665861238 . _:b666208465 . _:b665860756 . _:b663520131 . _:b663914238 . _:b663914236 . _:b663520140 . _:b665862043 . _:b665860757 . _:b666208462 . _:b665860349 . _:b666208561 . _:b665862484 _:b665862483 . _:b663520141 . _:b663914237 . _:b665862485 _:b665862487 . _:b666238745 _:b666238744 . _:b663520142 . _:b665860759 . _:b666208457 . _:b665860767 . _:b663519716 . _:b663520143 . _:b666238746 _:b666238749 . _:b665862040 . _:b665862482 _:b665862481 . _:b666208449 . _:b665862495 _:b665862497 . _:b663519723 . _:b665860322 . _:b665862724 "(iff (Process a) (and (Occurrent a) (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)) (exists (c t) (and (MaterialEntity c) (specificallyDependsOnAt a c t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [083-003] " . _:b663520128 . _:b666239228 . _:b666208468 . _:b663520136 . _:b665797672 . _:b666208453 . _:b666208463 . _:b665860746 . _:b665862480 _:b665862482 . _:b665862021 . _:b665860747 . _:b666208474 . _:b663519720 . _:b665862492 _:b665862491 . _:b663515856 . _:b663520132 . _:b665862019 . _:b665860325 . _:b663520133 . _:b666239227 . _:b665862018 . _:b665860750 . _:b666208448 . _:b663519725 . _:b665862048 "url:https://www.foodsafety.gov/poisoning/causes/bacteriaviruses/salmonella" . _:b666208458 . _:b665862494 _:b665862493 . _:b665860331 . _:b666208477 . _:b665862464 _:b665862463 . _:b665862489 _:b665862488 . _:b666208451 . _:b665806345 _:b665806346 . _:b665862490 _:b665862492 . _:b665862030 . _:b666208450 . _:b665860328 . _:b666208478 . _:b663914225 . _:b663914224 . _:b665805808 . _:b665862467 _:b665862466 . _:b665860334 . _:b665862027 . _:b665860802 . _:b666208475 . _:b665862026 . _:b666208467 . _:b666208663 "every entity of which a material entity is continuant part is also a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [021-002])"@en . _:b665862025 . _:b666238258 . _:b665862465 _:b665862464 . _:b663914223 . _:b666209020 . _:b665860243 . _:b663516166 . _:b663913429 . _:b665860856 . _:b665860857 . _:b665862470 _:b665862469 . _:b665860849 . _:b665862468 _:b665862467 . _:b666208459 . _:b665860858 . _:b666239124 . _:b665860240 . _:b666238825 _:b666238824 . _:b663520242 . _:b665860811 "intestinum ileum"^^ . _:b665860859 . _:b666239206 . _:b666208469 . _:b665860860 . _:b666208471 . _:b665805666 "Intestinal surface area also is increased in amphibians and reptiles by internal folds and occasionally by a few villi. The intestine can be divided into a small intestine and a slightly wider large intestine.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b666208456 . _:b663520244 . _:b665862473 _:b665862472 . _:b666208476 . _:b663516635 . _:b665860245 . _:b665862474 _:b665862473 . _:b666238816 _:b666238815 . _:b665862472 _:b665862471 . _:b666208466 . _:b666238816 _:b666238813 . _:b665862476 _:b665862475 . _:b665862991 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b665862477 _:b665862476 . _:b666238817 _:b666238819 . _:b665860848 . _:b665860250 . _:b663515852 . _:b663520232 . _:b666208472 . _:b665862479 _:b665862478 . _:b666208432 . _:b663516483 "All parts of temporal regions are temporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [101-001])"@en . _:b666239230 . _:b665860850 . _:b666238819 _:b666238818 . _:b665860248 . _:b665862719 "(forall (x t) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (SpatialRegion y) (spatiallyProjectsOntoAt x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [099-001] " . _:b665860851 . _:b666208422 . _:b665860255 . _:b663520235 . _:b666238273 . _:b666208430 . _:b665862531 _:b665862530 . _:b663520447 "2024-07-21T09:51:23.788334"^^ . _:b665860253 . _:b663520237 . _:b666208424 . _:b666239317 . _:b666239211 . _:b665862529 _:b665862528 . _:b666238822 _:b666238821 . _:b666208418 . _:b665860855 . _:b666239318 . _:b666238820 _:b666238822 . _:b665862535 _:b665862534 . _:b666208438 . _:b666238823 _:b666238825 . _:b665860840 . _:b666208426 . _:b665805769 . _:b663520224 . _:b665860841 . _:b665862534 _:b665862533 . _:b665862532 _:b665862535 . _:b665860842 . _:b666238805 _:b666238804 . _:b666208431 . _:b665860224 . _:b666208441 . _:b665862045 . _:b666238806 _:b666238805 . _:b666208421 . _:b665860231 . _:b665862044 . _:b666238800 _:b666238799 . _:b665860844 . _:b666238801 _:b666238798 . _:b665862537 _:b665862536 . _:b666238806 _:b666238803 . _:b666208447 . _:b666208417 . _:b665862541 _:b665862544 . _:b666208427 . _:b665862538 _:b665862537 . _:b666238928 "a one-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a continuous fiat line whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [032-001])"@en . _:b665860228 . _:b663520230 . _:b665860847 . _:b665862540 _:b665862539 . _:b663520231 . _:b666238801 _:b666238800 . _:b665862159 . _:b665862543 _:b665862542 . _:b665860233 . _:b665860834 . _:b665862160 . _:b666208444 . _:b666238815 _:b666238814 . _:b665860835 . _:b665860843 . _:b663520219 . _:b665860836 . _:b665862544 _:b665862543 . _:b663520220 . _:b666208436 . _:b665860837 . _:b666238811 _:b666238808 . _:b665860237 . _:b663520221 . _:b666209578 . _:b665862549 _:b665862548 . _:b665860838 . _:b665805626 "NCBITaxon:8782"^^ . _:b666238810 _:b666238809 . _:b663520222 . _:b665860839 . _:b666208420 . _:b665862550 _:b665862553 . _:b665805627 "NCBITaxon:8782"^^ . _:b665862559 _:b665862562 . _:b663515768 "(forall (x) (if (Quality x) (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [055-001] " . _:b663520223 . _:b666239249 . _:b665860824 . _:b666238811 _:b666238810 . _:b666208442 . _:b666208423 . _:b665862546 _:b665862545 . _:b665862547 _:b665862546 . _:b663516528 "b is an object aggregate means: b is a material entity consisting exactly of a plurality of objects as member_parts at all times at which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [025-004])"@en . _:b663520208 . _:b665862034 . _:b665860273 . _:b665863017 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b663520209 . _:b665862035 . _:b665861206 . _:b665860826 . _:b666238787 _:b666238786 . _:b665860536 "b is a continuant fiat boundary = Def. b is an immaterial entity that is of zero, one or two dimensions and does not include a spatial region as part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [029-001])"@en . _:b665861205 . _:b665860819 . _:b665862556 _:b665862555 . _:b665861204 . _:b666208445 . _:b665862033 . _:b665861219 . _:b666238785 _:b666238788 . _:b665860829 . _:b666238791 _:b666238790 . _:b666208439 . _:b665861220 . _:b665860277 . _:b666238789 _:b666238792 . _:b666208429 . _:b663520759 "(iff (SpecificallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (forall (t) (if (existsAt a t) (exists (b) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (not (SpatialRegion b)) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [050-003] " . _:b665862036 . _:b665860831 . _:b666208940 "ncithesaurus:Ileum"^^ . _:b666208433 . _:b665862558 _:b665862557 . _:b666238788 _:b666238787 . _:b665860283 . _:b666208435 . _:b665861200 . _:b665806374 "blind intestine"^^ . _:b665862553 _:b665862552 . _:b666208440 . _:b665860825 . _:b666208401 . _:b663914177 . _:b665860818 . _:b665862555 _:b665862554 . _:b663914178 . _:b666238793 _:b666238796 . _:b665862552 _:b665862551 . _:b665860280 . _:b663520202 . _:b663520203 . _:b666208389 . _:b665860820 . _:b666238795 _:b666238794 . _:b663515981 . _:b666238792 _:b666238791 . _:b665860286 . _:b665862568 _:b665862571 . _:b663520204 . _:b666208396 . _:b665861211 . _:b666238796 _:b666238795 . _:b663520205 . _:b665861210 . _:b665862570 _:b665862569 . _:b666208387 . _:b665860830 . _:b665862571 _:b665862570 . _:b665805743 . _:b663520206 . _:b663520198 . _:b665860823 . _:b663520207 . _:b665862573 _:b665862572 . _:b665860258 . _:b663515668 . _:b663520192 . _:b666208384 . _:b665861191 . _:b666238679 _:b666238678 . _:b666208391 . _:b665861190 . _:b666208399 . _:b665862574 _:b665862573 . _:b666238090 "(forall (x) (if (Material Entity x) (exists (t) (and (TemporalRegion t) (existsAt x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [011-002] " . _:b666238676 _:b666238675 . _:b665860263 . _:b666238677 _:b666238676 . _:b663520195 . _:b666208411 . _:b663516061 "ncithesaurus:Duodenum"^^ . _:b666208397 . _:b665862562 _:b665862561 . _:b663516746 "BTO:0001158"^^ . _:b663520196 . _:b665798678 "BTO:0000706"^^ . _:b663520197 . _:b666238674 _:b666238677 . _:b665862139 . _:b666208386 . _:b665860260 . _:b665798486 "(forall (x t) (if (IndependentContinuant x) (exists (r) (and (SpatialRegion r) (locatedInAt x r t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [134-001] " . _:b666208394 . _:b665862561 _:b665862560 . _:b665860815 . _:b665862567 _:b665862566 . _:b663520199 . _:b666239145 . _:b663515676 . _:b666238673 _:b666238672 . _:b665861199 . _:b666208414 . _:b663914318 "the portion of the small intestine that extends from the duodenum to the ileum"^^ . _:b666208392 . _:b665860265 . _:b666238685 _:b666238684 . _:b665862564 _:b665862563 . _:b665862565 _:b665862564 . _:b666208412 . _:b663516671 "Segment of the alimentary canal extending from the stomach to the anus and, in humans and other mammals, consists of two segments, the small intestine and the large intestine."^^ . _:b665806061 . _:b663516095 . _:b665862588 _:b665862587 . _:b665862589 _:b665862588 . _:b666208405 . _:b663519795 . _:b665860804 . _:b665860270 . _:b663515672 . _:b666209352 "A spatiotemporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of spacetime. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [095-001])"@en . _:b666238686 _:b666238685 . _:b665860805 . _:b666208415 . _:b665862591 _:b665862590 . _:b665860814 . _:b665860268 . _:b666208408 . _:b665861193 . _:b666208402 . _:b663515653 . _:b665861192 . _:b666238682 _:b666238681 . _:b665861432 . _:b666238683 _:b666238686 . _:b666238680 _:b666238679 . _:b665861239 . _:b665862585 _:b665862584 . _:b665861433 . _:b663516476 . _:b666238658 _:b666238657 . _:b665862586 _:b665862589 . _:b666208404 . _:b663516477 . _:b665861435 . _:b665861427 . _:b665862583 _:b665862582 . _:b663516478 . _:b665861236 . _:b666208413 . _:b666238656 _:b666238658 . _:b665862576 _:b665862575 . _:b663516479 . _:b665861235 . _:b663519804 . _:b666238663 _:b666238662 . _:b665862582 _:b665862581 . _:b663914058 "(iff (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ImmaterialEntity a) (exists (b) (and (or (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b)) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))) (not (exists (c t) (and (SpatialRegion c) (continuantPartOfAt c a t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [029-001] " . _:b666238661 _:b666238664 . _:b665862580 _:b665862579 . _:b665806202 _:b665806201 . _:b663516472 . _:b666239146 . _:b665861438 . _:b663516473 . _:b665861439 . _:b665806203 _:b665806202 . _:b666239292 . _:b666238660 _:b666238659 . _:b663516474 . _:b666208409 . _:b665861232 . _:b665861424 . _:b665862579 _:b665862578 . _:b665862528 _:b665862527 . _:b663516475 . _:b666209029 . _:b665861425 . _:b665806192 _:b665806191 . _:b663516468 . _:b666209026 . _:b665861246 . _:b665806200 _:b665806203 . _:b665861426 . _:b663519777 . _:b665861434 . _:b666238665 _:b666238668 . _:b663516469 . _:b665862577 _:b665862580 . _:b665861245 . _:b665862615 _:b665862614 . _:b663516470 . _:b666209125 . _:b665861428 . _:b666238667 _:b666238666 . _:b666209132 . _:b666238664 _:b666238663 . _:b663515656 . _:b665862608 _:b665862607 . _:b663516471 . _:b665862614 _:b665862613 . _:b666238668 _:b666238667 . _:b665862612 _:b665862611 . _:b663516464 . _:b666239162 . _:b665861242 . _:b666209057 . _:b666209123 . _:b663516465 . _:b663519782 . _:b666238671 _:b666238670 . _:b665861431 . _:b663516466 . _:b666238464 _:b666238463 . _:b665861240 . _:b665862610 _:b665862609 . _:b665862623 _:b665862625 . _:b665862611 _:b665862610 . _:b665805534 "Intestinal surface area also is increased in amphibians and reptiles by internal folds and occasionally by a few villi. The intestine can be divided into a small intestine and a slightly wider large intestine.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663516467 . _:b666238670 _:b666238669 . _:b666209120 . _:b665805577 . _:b666238716 _:b666238715 . _:b663516460 . _:b666209135 . _:b665861418 . _:b666208941 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b663515702 . _:b663516461 . _:b663519786 . _:b665861419 . _:b666209147 . _:b665862620 _:b665862619 . _:b663516462 . _:b665862621 _:b665862620 . _:b665861220 . _:b666209133 . _:b665861412 . _:b666208943 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b663516463 . _:b666238718 _:b666238717 . _:b666208955 . _:b666209127 . _:b666208942 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b663515699 . _:b663516456 . _:b665861218 . _:b665806191 _:b665806190 . _:b665806064 . _:b666208916 . _:b665861422 . _:b666238713 _:b666238712 . _:b663516457 . _:b666239304 . _:b666209130 . _:b665861217 . _:b665861423 . _:b665862622 _:b665862621 . _:b663516089 . _:b663516458 . _:b666209122 . _:b665861216 . _:b665861408 . _:b666238715 _:b666238714 . _:b666238712 _:b666238711 . _:b665862592 _:b665862591 . _:b663516459 . _:b665862617 _:b665862616 . _:b665806067 . _:b666209128 . _:b665861417 . _:b665862618 _:b665862622 . _:b663516452 . _:b665861230 . _:b665805570 . _:b666209143 . _:b663516092 . _:b666238704 _:b666238703 . _:b663516453 . _:b665861229 . _:b663519762 . _:b663515705 . _:b666238709 _:b666238708 . . _:b665861228 . _:b663516454 . _:b665862594 _:b665862593 . _:b665862595 _:b665862598 . _:b666209150 . _:b663516455 . _:b666238710 _:b666238713 . _:b666209140 . _:b665861227 . _:b665861413 . _:b665861226 . _:b666238706 _:b666238705 . _:b665861414 . _:b666238707 _:b666238706 . _:b665806189 _:b665806192 . _:b666209138 . _:b666209601 "MA"^^ . _:b666239252 . _:b665805834 . _:b665861400 . _:b663519767 . _:b665862598 _:b665862597 . _:b665862597 _:b665862596 . _:b666209151 . _:b666208896 . _:b663516084 . _:b666239251 . _:b666238697 _:b666238696 . _:b666209142 . _:b665805829 . _:b666238701 _:b666238704 . _:b666238698 _:b666238697 . _:b665862601 _:b665862600 . _:b663519772 . _:b666209148 . _:b663516087 . _:b666238700 _:b666238699 . _:b665862058 . _:b665862059 . _:b666238688 _:b666238687 . _:b665862603 _:b665862602 . _:b665862600 _:b665862599 . _:b665862604 _:b665862608 . _:b665861407 . _:b666238703 _:b666238702 . _:b665862056 . _:b666209137 . _:b666209145 . _:b665862057 . _:b665862607 _:b665862606 . _:b666209106 . _:b666209103 . _:b666209095 . _:b666238691 _:b666238690 . _:b666208951 . _:b665862632 . _:b665862606 _:b665862605 . . _:b665862654 _:b665862653 . _:b666208949 . _:b665862053 . _:b665862655 _:b665862652 . _:b666238689 _:b666238688 . _:b665861397 . _:b666238695 _:b666238694 . _:b665806207 _:b665806208 . _:b665862655 _:b665862654 . _:b665861398 . _:b665861406 . _:b666209111 . _:b666209098 . _:b666208946 . _:b666238694 _:b666238693 . _:b665861399 . _:b663516033 . _:b666238692 _:b666238695 . _:b665862048 . _:b666209092 . _:b665861384 . _:b663516034 . _:b666209109 . _:b663519752 . _:b665861385 . _:b665862199 "gaster"^^ . _:b665862649 _:b665862648 . _:b663520213 "Portion of alimentary canal with increased circular and longitudinal smooth muscle. Bounded posteriorly by the pyloric sphincter. Mucosal lining has increased folding.[AAO]"^^ . _:b666238594 _:b666238593 . _:b665861386 . _:b665862650 _:b665862649 . _:b665862650 _:b665862647 . _:b666209115 . _:b666209094 . _:b666209099 . _:b665861387 . _:b665860455 "b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002])"@en . _:b666209096 . _:b665861388 . _:b665861380 . _:b665862640 _:b665862639 . _:b666238593 _:b666238592 . _:b665861389 . _:b666209118 . _:b665862644 _:b665862643 . _:b666208954 . _:b665862645 _:b665862644 . _:b663519757 . _:b665861390 . _:b666238598 _:b666238597 . _:b665861391 . _:b666238596 _:b666238595 . _:b666209052 . _:b666238597 _:b666238596 . _:b666209089 . _:b665861376 . _:b665862642 _:b665862645 . _:b666209101 . _:b665861377 . _:b665861378 . _:b666209091 . _:b666238601 _:b666238600 . _:b665862641 _:b665862640 . _:b663519858 . _:b665861379 . . _:b666209088 . _:b666209110 . _:b666209532 . _:b666238603 _:b666238602 . _:b666238600 _:b666238599 . _:b666209116 . _:b665797875 . _:b666209105 . _:b665861381 . _:b666209533 . _:b665862638 _:b665862641 . _:b666238605 _:b666238604 . _:b665862634 _:b665862637 . _:b666209534 . _:b666209535 . _:b666238607 _:b666238606 . _:b665862064 . _:b665862636 _:b665862635 . _:b665862637 _:b665862636 . _:b666209108 . _:b665861496 . _:b666209093 . _:b666209112 . _:b666238606 _:b666238605 . _:b666209104 . _:b666238615 _:b666238614 . _:b663516540 . _:b663516147 . _:b666209117 . _:b663516541 . _:b666238614 _:b666238613 . _:b665862028 . _:b666238612 _:b666238611 . _:b663516542 . _:b663519867 . _:b665806215 _:b665806214 . _:b666209097 . _:b663516543 . _:b666209102 . _:b666209107 . _:b663516536 . _:b666238610 _:b666238609 . _:b665806216 _:b665806219 . _:b665861502 . _:b665806214 _:b665806213 . _:b665861908 . _:b663516537 . _:b665862625 _:b665862624 . _:b665861503 . _:b666209100 . _:b666209114 . _:b663516538 . _:b666209113 . _:b666238609 _:b666238608 . _:b663516539 . _:b665806237 _:b665806238 . _:b663519840 . _:b665806218 _:b665806217 . _:b666238621 _:b666238620 . _:b665861913 . _:b663516532 . _:b666239317 . _:b663516533 . _:b666239318 . _:b665806212 _:b665806215 . _:b666238623 _:b666238622 . _:b665806219 _:b665806218 . _:b663516534 . _:b665861492 . _:b665806232 _:b665806233 . _:b665861918 . _:b663516535 . _:b665805685 "VHOG:0000053"^^ . _:b666238719 _:b666238722 . _:b665861493 . _:b663516528 . _:b663516529 . _:b665862032 . _:b665862016 . _:b663516530 . _:b666238618 _:b666238617 . _:b665861480 . _:b666238619 _:b666238618 . _:b665806231 _:b665806230 . _:b666238616 _:b666238615 . _:b663516531 . _:b665861889 . _:b663516524 . _:b663519849 . _:b665862031 . _:b665862047 . _:b665806230 _:b665806229 . _:b666238633 _:b666238632 . _:b663516525 . _:b665806231 _:b665806228 . _:b663516505 . _:b663516526 . _:b666238635 _:b666238634 . _:b663516504 . _:b663516527 . _:b666238636 _:b666238638 . _:b665862197 "We restrict this to the vertebrate specific structure - see the grouping class 'food storage organ' for analogous structures in other species. Teleosts: Zebrafish is functionally stomach-less, but may retain ontogenic footprint. Although the precise shape and size of the stomach varies widely among different vertebrates, the relative positions of the oesophageal and duodenal openings remain relatively constant. As a result, the organ always curves somewhat to the left before curving back to meet the pyloric sphincter. However, lampreys, hagfishes, chimaeras, lungfishes, and some teleost fish have no stomach at all, with the oesophagus opening directly into the intestine. The gastric lining is usually divided into two regions, an anterior portion lined by fundic glands, and a posterior with pyloric glands. Cardiac glands are unique to mammals, and even then are absent in a number of species. The distributions of these glands vary between species, and do not always correspond with the same regions as in man. Furthermore, in many non-human mammals, a portion of the stomach anterior to the cardiac glands is lined with epithelium essentially identical to that of the oesophagus. Ruminants, in particular, have a complex stomach, the first three chambers of which are all lined with oesophageal mucosa"^^ . _:b665861893 . _:b663516520 . _:b666238624 _:b666238623 . _:b663516521 . _:b665861280 "(forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt x y t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [021-002] " . _:b666209084 . _:b663516522 . _:b663516523 . _:b666238638 _:b666238637 . _:b665861473 . _:b665806238 _:b665806241 . _:b665861897 . _:b663516516 . _:b665806227 _:b665806231 . _:b666238627 _:b666238626 . _:b665862038 . _:b663516517 . _:b665862037 . _:b665861903 . _:b666209085 . _:b666209062 . _:b663516518 . _:b665862037 . _:b666209063 . _:b666238625 _:b666238624 . _:b663516519 . _:b666209076 . _:b663516107 . _:b663516512 . _:b665860802 "mid-intestine"^^ . _:b665861478 . _:b665798488 "(iff (IndependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (not (exists (b t) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [017-002] " . _:b665861940 "Occurrent doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the sum of a process and the process boundary of another process."@en . _:b663516513 . _:b666238630 _:b666238629 . _:b666209080 . _:b666238628 _:b666238627 . _:b663516514 . _:b666238631 _:b666238633 . _:b665798889 "A proximal-distal subdivision of the digestive tract."^^ . _:b663519831 . _:b663516098 . _:b665862033 . _:b663516117 . _:b663516650 . _:b663516515 . _:b665806251 _:b665806250 . _:b663516503 . _:b666238653 _:b666238652 . _:b663516508 . _:b665861466 . _:b663516502 . _:b663516509 . _:b665805734 . _:b666238655 _:b666238654 . _:b666209086 . _:b665861467 . _:b663913574 "ncithesaurus:Jejunum"^^ . _:b666238384 . _:b665861469 "4"^^ . _:b663516510 . _:b663515733 "(forall (x y t) (if (and (SpatialRegion x) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)) (SpatialRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [036-001] " . _:b665861468 . _:b665806252 _:b665806251 . _:b663516511 . _:b663516504 . _:b666209065 . _:b665806243 _:b665806246 . _:b663516505 . _:b665806240 _:b665806239 . _:b666209064 . _:b665861471 . _:b666209067 . _:b663516506 . _:b666238650 _:b666238649 . _:b666209081 . _:b665861456 . _:b666209075 . _:b665861993 . _:b666238648 _:b666238647 . _:b666209066 . _:b663516507 . _:b666238651 _:b666238653 . _:b665861457 . _:b663516500 . _:b663516104 . _:b665861458 . _:b666238640 _:b666238639 . _:b663516501 . _:b665861459 . _:b666238645 _:b666238644 . _:b663516502 . _:b665806241 _:b665806240 . _:b665861460 . _:b666238646 _:b666238648 . _:b663516503 . _:b665806249 _:b665806252 . _:b665806245 _:b665806244 . _:b663516496 . _:b665806246 _:b665806245 . _:b666238643 _:b666238642 . _:b663519813 . _:b666238592 _:b666238591 . _:b665806253 _:b665806257 . _:b663516497 . _:b663516109 . _:b666238641 _:b666238643 . _:b663516498 . _:b665806258 _:b665806261 . _:b663516499 . _:b665806269 _:b665806268 . _:b663520720 "(forall (x y t) (if (and (SpatialRegion x) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)) (SpatialRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [036-001] " . _:b666238588 _:b666238587 . _:b665862004 . _:b665861921 . _:b666238589 _:b666238588 . _:b663516492 . _:b665862005 . _:b663516493 . _:b665862006 . _:b665862012 . _:b665861927 . _:b663516494 . _:b665806268 _:b665806267 . _:b665862651 . _:b665805777 . _:b663516495 . _:b663914271 . _:b663516488 . _:b665797691 "0.0"^^ . _:b665862914 . _:b665861924 . _:b663516489 . _:b666238585 _:b666238589 . _:b663519822 . _:b665861455 . _:b665862002 . _:b665862915 . _:b665862646 . _:b663914269 . _:b663516490 . _:b665806254 _:b665806255 . _:b666238587 _:b666238586 . _:b665861440 . _:b665862003 . _:b666238383 . _:b663914268 . _:b663516491 . _:b665806242 _:b665806243 . _:b665861441 . _:b663516484 . _:b665806260 _:b665806259 . _:b665861442 . _:b666238576 _:b666238575 . _:b665806266 _:b665806269 . _:b666209734 . _:b663516485 . _:b666239144 . _:b665806256 _:b665806254 . _:b665806261 _:b665806260 . _:b665861443 . _:b666209569 . _:b663516486 . _:b665861444 . _:b665797701 "0.0"^^ . _:b663516487 . _:b665861445 . _:b665798536 "A one-dimensional spatial region is a line or aggregate of lines stretching from one point in space to another. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [038-001])"@en . _:b665861526 "VHOG:0000055"^^ . _:b663516480 . _:b666238578 _:b666238577 . _:b663516054 . _:b666238579 _:b666238578 . _:b663516481 . _:b665805762 . _:b663516482 . _:b665806257 _:b665806256 . _:b666238577 _:b666238576 . _:b663516483 . _:b665798075 "proximal intestine"^^ . _:b665861561 . _:b665797696 "0.0"^^ . _:b665861998 . _:b666238568 _:b666238567 . _:b663914368 . _:b665861999 . _:b666238569 _:b666238568 . _:b665806298 _:b665806302 . _:b665806295 _:b665806294 . _:b665805765 . _:b665861564 . _:b666238566 _:b666238569 . _:b665861566 . _:b665862100 . _:b666238575 _:b666238574 . _:b665797706 "0.0"^^ . _:b665861560 . _:b666238560 _:b666238563 . _:b665806303 _:b665806307 . _:b665862105 . _:b663516034 . _:b665806302 _:b665806299 . _:b666238563 _:b666238562 . _:b665806185 "(forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [102-001] " . _:b663516752 "ncithesaurus:Cecum"^^ . _:b663914399 . _:b663519906 . _:b665806301 _:b665806300 . _:b665862111 . _:b665806302 _:b665806301 . _:b666238198 "A bacterial infectious disease that results_in infection by bacteria as a result of their presence or activity within the normal, healthy host, and their intrinsic virulence is, in part, a necessary consequence of their need to reproduce and spread." . _:b666238562 _:b666238561 . _:b665806296 _:b665806293 . _:b666209586 . _:b665862953 . _:b665861565 . _:b665806292 _:b665806297 . _:b665806297 _:b665806296 . _:b663914396 . _:b666209251 . _:b665862012 . _:b666239108 . _:b663519910 . _:b665806296 _:b665806295 . _:b663516087 . _:b665862013 . _:b665862900 . _:b666209259 . _:b666238551 _:b666238550 . _:b665797787 "(forall (x) (if (Role x) (RealizableEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [061-001] " . _:b666209263 . _:b665862004 . _:b666238553 _:b666238556 . _:b663516084 . _:b666209254 . _:b663519914 . _:b665862292 "UMLS:C0022378"^^ . _:b666238550 _:b666238549 . _:b666209260 . _:b665805440 . _:b666238982 . _:b666239119 . _:b665861550 . _:b666238471 . _:b663516184 . _:b666209250 . _:b665861551 . _:b663913575 "intestinum jejunum"^^ . _:b665861977 . _:b665862090 . _:b663516587 . _:b666238556 _:b666238555 . _:b663516092 . _:b663516580 . _:b665861524 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b663516581 . _:b663519890 . _:b666238476 . _:b663515889 . _:b663516582 . _:b666209248 . _:b666209249 . _:b666239126 . _:b665798777 "FMA"^^ . _:b666209278 . _:b665861541 . _:b666238555 _:b666238554 . _:b663516576 . _:b665861542 . _:b666239127 . _:b663520820 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campylobacteriosis" . _:b663516089 . _:b666209255 . _:b665798956 "To say that each spatiotemporal region s temporally_projects_onto some temporal region t is to say that t is the temporal extension of s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [080-003])"@en . _:b666209252 . _:b666238548 _:b666238551 . _:b663519895 . _:b666209253 . _:b663516579 . _:b666209274 . _:b663515896 . _:b666209279 . _:b665861530 . _:b665862128 . _:b665861269 . _:b665861531 . _:b666239120 . _:b666209256 . _:b666238531 _:b666238530 . _:b665806320 _:b665806323 . _:b665861532 . _:b665861941 . _:b665861267 . _:b665806097 . _:b666239134 . _:b665861940 . _:b663516568 . _:b666209275 . _:b665806096 . _:b666238537 _:b666238540 . _:b665806375 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b665861943 . _:b663516569 . _:b665806374 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b666239132 . _:b666238532 _:b666238531 . _:b665861942 . _:b663516570 . _:b665861264 . _:b665861520 . _:b666238489 . _:b666239133 . _:b665861945 . _:b663516571 . _:b665861279 . _:b665861521 . _:b663913107 . _:b665861944 . _:b666238539 _:b666238538 . _:b663516564 . _:b663914005 . _:b665861522 . _:b665805364 "Each spatiotemporal region projects_onto some temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [098-001])"@en . _:b666239131 . _:b666209230 . _:b663516565 . _:b663914006 . _:b666239128 . _:b666209222 . _:b666209232 . _:b665861946 . _:b663516566 . _:b663913116 . _:b663516567 . _:b665861275 . _:b663914317 . _:b663519876 . _:b665806323 _:b665806322 . _:b666238540 _:b666238539 . _:b666209238 . _:b663516560 . _:b663914318 . _:b666238590 _:b666238594 . _:b663516561 . _:b666209218 . _:b665861273 . _:b663914319 . _:b665806322 _:b665806321 . _:b665805548 . _:b663516562 . _:b665861272 . _:b665861512 . _:b666238529 _:b666238532 . _:b666209566 . _:b665806377 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b665863160 . _:b665861504 . _:b666209224 . _:b663516563 . _:b665861255 . _:b665806315 _:b665806314 . _:b665805808 . _:b666238836 "(forall (x) (if (Material Entity x) (exists (t) (and (TemporalRegion t) (existsAt x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [011-002] " . _:b666209226 . _:b665797930 "ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.566"^^ . _:b666239202 . _:b665806376 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b663914275 . _:b663516556 . _:b665861514 . _:b666209231 . _:b663914274 . _:b665805547 . _:b663516557 . _:b665861253 . _:b666239200 . _:b663914273 . _:b666209221 . _:b663516558 . _:b666239201 . _:b663914272 . _:b666209241 . _:b665806316 _:b665806315 . _:b663516559 . _:b665861251 . _:b665805799 . _:b665861517 . _:b665805823 . _:b665805558 . _:b663516552 . _:b666209227 . _:b665862802 "url:http://www.health.state.ny.us/diseases/communicable/campylobacteriosis/fact_sheet.htm" . _:b665861518 . _:b666209217 . _:b663914011 "To say that b is a realizable entity is to say that b is a specifically dependent continuant that inheres in some independent continuant which is not a spatial region and is of a type instances of which are realized in processes of a correlated type. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [058-002])"@en . _:b666238496 _:b666238495 . _:b665861947 . _:b665805559 . _:b665862116 . _:b663516553 . _:b665861249 . _:b665806095 . _:b665861519 . _:b663913984 "(forall (x y t) (if (and (SpatialRegion x) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)) (SpatialRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [036-001] " . _:b663913089 . _:b666238496 _:b666238493 . _:b665798418 . _:b663516554 . _:b663914442 . _:b666238509 _:b666238508 . _:b665806094 . _:b663516555 . _:b666238510 _:b666238509 . _:b665806093 . _:b665861505 . _:b665806307 _:b665806306 . _:b665861513 . _:b665805554 . _:b663516548 . _:b665861262 . _:b665806307 _:b665806304 . _:b666209245 . _:b665862120 . _:b663516549 . _:b665862915 . _:b665806306 _:b665806305 . _:b663516550 . _:b665861260 . _:b665861508 . _:b665805553 . _:b666238497 _:b666238496 . _:b663516551 . _:b666209236 . _:b665861985 . _:b665861299 . _:b665861509 . _:b665806313 _:b665806316 . _:b665805676 . _:b663516544 . _:b665861984 . _:b665861298 . _:b665861510 . _:b666209223 . _:b666239196 "ISBN:0-683-40008-8"^^ . _:b665805677 . _:b663516545 . _:b666209242 . _:b665861511 . _:b663516546 . _:b665861986 . _:b666238507 _:b666238510 . _:b663516547 . _:b665805949 _:b665805948 . _:b665861625 . _:b666209220 . . _:b665805562 . _:b666209239 . _:b665806263 . _:b663913098 . _:b665805563 . _:b665861983 . _:b666209246 . _:b665861627 . _:b663516670 . _:b665805950 _:b665805949 . _:b666238525 _:b666238524 . _:b663516671 . _:b666238526 _:b666238525 . _:b666238512 _:b666238515 . _:b665861299 . _:b665861621 . _:b665805944 _:b665805947 . _:b666209766 . _:b663516664 . _:b666238520 _:b666238519 . _:b665861630 . _:b666238521 _:b666238520 . _:b663516665 . _:b665861297 . _:b665805946 _:b665805945 . _:b663913336 . _:b665805947 _:b665805946 . _:b666209233 . _:b663914320 . _:b665861616 . _:b665805943 _:b665805942 . _:b666238518 _:b666238521 . _:b666209235 . _:b666209229 . _:b663914321 . _:b666209240 . _:b663516514 "(forall (x) (if (Quality x) (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [055-001] " . _:b663516561 "(iff (RelationalQuality a) (exists (b c t) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (IndependentContinuant c) (qualityOfAt a b t) (qualityOfAt a c t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [057-001] " . _:b666209191 . _:b663914322 . _:b665861626 . _:b665805940 _:b665805939 . _:b666209202 . _:b663516661 . _:b665805941 _:b665805940 . _:b663914323 . _:b666209197 . _:b665861619 . _:b663913332 . _:b666208858 . _:b666209199 . _:b663516662 . _:b665861620 . _:b663913635 . _:b666238523 _:b666238526 . _:b663516663 . _:b665805938 _:b665805937 . _:b665861622 . _:b666238515 _:b666238514 . _:b666209186 . _:b666239172 . _:b666209205 . _:b666238501 _:b666238502 . _:b665805663 "2"^^ . _:b663515655 . _:b665805937 _:b665805936 . _:b663914433 . _:b666209194 . _:b663913144 . _:b666238514 _:b666238513 . _:b665805935 _:b665805938 . _:b666239170 . _:b663913636 . _:b663914243 "4"^^ . _:b665805929 _:b665805928 . _:b666209211 . _:b665861286 . _:b666209188 . _:b666239171 . _:b663913637 . _:b663515652 . _:b665861611 . _:b663913125 . _:b665805931 _:b665805930 . _:b665805928 _:b665805927 . _:b665861284 . _:b665805932 _:b665805931 . _:b666238465 _:b666238464 . _:b666209190 . _:b666238471 _:b666238470 . _:b666208852 . _:b666239182 . _:b665805920 _:b665805919 . _:b665861448 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b665861614 . _:b666238473 _:b666238476 . _:b666209195 . _:b666239183 . _:b665861281 . _:b666209214 . _:b666209185 . _:b666238470 _:b666238469 . _:b665860438 "An entity is anything that exists or has existed or will exist. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [001-001])"@en . _:b665798584 "url:https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/general/index.html" . _:b666239181 . _:b665861280 . _:b665805934 _:b665805933 . _:b665862001 . _:b665805922 _:b665805921 . _:b665861601 . _:b663520019 "(forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [038-001] " . _:b665805923 _:b665805922 . _:b665862000 . _:b666238475 _:b666238474 . _:b666209215 . _:b666209184 . _:b665861294 . _:b665861602 . _:b665861610 . _:b665861603 . _:b665860749 _:b665860750 . _:b665861292 . _:b666238468 _:b666238471 . _:b665861604 . _:b665805542 . _:b666209187 . _:b666209212 . _:b665805521 . _:b665861605 . _:b666209204 . _:b666238476 _:b666238475 . _:b666239190 . _:b665860783 "BTO:0000651"^^ . _:b665861290 . _:b665861606 . _:b663913134 . _:b666239191 . _:b663515651 . _:b665805925 _:b665805924 . _:b665861289 . _:b666209208 . _:b663516498 "(forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [095-001] " . _:b665861615 . _:b663515671 . _:b666239189 . _:b665805926 _:b665805929 . _:b665805911 _:b665805910 . _:b666209200 . _:b665861593 . _:b663515648 . _:b665805910 _:b665805909 . _:b665861594 . _:b665805908 _:b665805911 . _:b663913173 . _:b666209193 . _:b665863095 . _:b663515667 . _:b665861596 . _:b666209213 . _:b666209206 . _:b666239198 . _:b665805906 _:b665805905 . _:b665861597 . _:b665805907 _:b665805906 . _:b665861589 . _:b663516612 . _:b666239199 . _:b663515848 . _:b665805917 _:b665805920 . _:b663515674 . _:b665862682 "(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (continuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [009-002] " . _:b665805904 _:b665805907 . _:b666209209 . _:b665861584 . _:b666208841 . _:b666209196 . _:b665805916 _:b665805915 . _:b665862074 . _:b665861585 . _:b666209203 . _:b665861586 . _:b666209169 . _:b666209159 . _:b665805919 _:b665805918 . _:b666238495 _:b666238494 . _:b663519938 . _:b665861587 . _:b663515670 . _:b663913181 . _:b666239192 . _:b665861595 . _:b663515675 . _:b665861588 . _:b666238492 _:b666238497 . _:b665862078 . _:b666209167 . _:b665805888 _:b665805887 . _:b665805913 _:b665805912 . _:b666238488 _:b666238487 . _:b666209155 . _:b663519941 . _:b665862890 . _:b665861590 . _:b666238489 _:b666238488 . _:b665805914 _:b665805913 . _:b666209161 . _:b663515666 . _:b663913177 . _:b666239117 "ISBN:0-683-40008-8"^^ . _:b663516052 "BTO:0000651"^^ . _:b665862051 . _:b666209163 . _:b666209175 . _:b666238486 _:b666238489 . _:b663519944 . _:b665861577 . _:b665805891 _:b665805890 . _:b665805889 _:b665805891 . _:b663913528 . _:b665861571 . _:b666209178 . _:b666209620 "blindgut"^^ . _:b665861580 . _:b666209158 . _:b665805649 . _:b666209164 . _:b665861581 . _:b665861582 . _:b663913158 . _:b663913526 . _:b665805893 _:b665805892 . _:b666238441 "MP:0004002"^^ . _:b665861583 . _:b666209701 . _:b663913527 . _:b665805894 _:b665805896 . _:b665861576 . _:b666209154 . _:b665861569 . _:b666209181 . _:b665861570 . _:b665805898 _:b665805897 . _:b665805896 _:b665805895 . _:b666209173 . _:b665805899 _:b665805901 . _:b665861572 . _:b665862062 . _:b665805901 _:b665805900 . _:b666209157 . _:b666209176 . _:b665805903 _:b665805902 . _:b663520166 "GOC:GO"^^ . _:b665861575 . _:b663913161 . _:b663521108 . _:b663914085 . _:b665861714 . _:b665805353 "A temporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of time as defined relative to some reference frame. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [100-001])"@en . _:b666209179 . _:b666209168 . _:b663520568 . _:b663914132 . _:b663516732 . _:b666209172 . _:b663516733 . _:b666209182 . _:b666209160 . _:b665805866 _:b665805865 . _:b663516058 . _:b665805867 _:b665805866 . _:b665805864 _:b665805863 . _:b663913510 . _:b663516734 . _:b663516059 . _:b663913204 . _:b665805868 _:b665805867 . _:b666239038 . _:b663516056 . _:b663913207 . _:b663516057 . _:b666239039 . _:b665861174 . _:b665805871 _:b665805870 . _:b665861716 . _:b663516062 . _:b665861553 "MGI:csmith"^^ . _:b665861723 . _:b663516730 . _:b665805870 _:b665805869 . _:b666209177 . _:b666209170 . _:b663516063 . _:b663516731 . _:b665805858 _:b665805857 . _:b666209166 . _:b663913580 . _:b663516060 . _:b665861177 . _:b663515850 . _:b665805859 _:b665805858 . _:b663516061 . _:b665861720 . _:b666209339 "A spatial region is a continuant entity that is a continuant_part_of spaceR as defined relative to some frame R. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [035-001])"@en . _:b663521088 . _:b665862677 "Continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example, in an expansion involving bringing in some of Ceuster's other portions of reality, questions are raised as to whether universals are continuants"@en . _:b665805857 _:b665805856 . _:b666208816 . _:b665861180 . _:b666209174 . _:b663515854 . _:b665861725 . _:b663516720 . _:b665805862 _:b665805861 . _:b663913571 . _:b663516721 . _:b665805861 _:b665805860 . _:b663520550 . _:b663913503 . _:b663516722 . _:b665805884 _:b665805886 . _:b665861698 . _:b663516723 . _:b663516716 . _:b663913210 . _:b663516717 . _:b666209183 . _:b666238131 "If b is a realizable entity then for all t at which b exists, b s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [063-002])"@en . _:b663516718 . _:b665805886 _:b665805885 . _:b665861702 . _:b663516719 . _:b665805881 _:b665805880 . _:b663521101 . _:b663913492 . _:b665805883 _:b665805882 . _:b665861707 . _:b663913491 . _:b663913565 "In humans, the duodenum is a hollow jointed tube about 10-15 inches (25-38 centimetres) long connecting the stomach to the jejunum. It begins with the duodenal bulb and ends at the ligament of Treitz."^^ . _:b663520559 . _:b665860726 _:b665860727 . _:b663516715 . _:b663520528 . _:b663521138 . _:b665861705 . _:b663515850 . _:b665860724 _:b665860725 . _:b665805878 _:b665805877 . _:b663913490 . _:b666209156 . _:b665805876 _:b665805875 . _:b665805879 _:b665805881 . _:b665861711 . _:b665805874 _:b665805876 . _:b663520532 . _:b663520795 "a one-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a continuous fiat line whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [032-001])"@en . _:b663516505 "(forall (x) (if (Disposition x) (and (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (bearerOfAt x y t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [062-002] " . _:b663515854 . _:b666209152 . _:b665798621 . _:b665861393 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b665860733 _:b665860734 . _:b665861747 . _:b665805873 _:b665805872 . _:b663515845 . _:b665805698 "lower intestine"^^ . _:b666209165 . _:b665861745 . _:b663521144 . _:b663515847 . _:b665805831 _:b665805830 . _:b663914153 . _:b665861750 . _:b663913479 . _:b663515846 . _:b663913478 . _:b663913477 . _:b665805828 _:b665805832 . _:b665805830 _:b665805829 . _:b663520541 . _:b665861142 . _:b665861755 . _:b663912984 . _:b663912987 . _:b666208813 . _:b663912979 . _:b663521122 . _:b665861901 "0.0"^^ . _:b663516068 "The first two fifth of the small intestine beyond the duodenum. It extends from the end of the duodenum to the ileum. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665805833 _:b665805837 . _:b663913551 . _:b663520513 . _:b665861146 . _:b665861752 . _:b663515848 . _:b665805835 _:b665805834 . _:b665805832 _:b665805831 . _:b663912980 . _:b663521127 . _:b665805836 _:b665805835 . _:b665805837 _:b665805836 . _:b665861757 . _:b666209201 . _:b665805839 _:b665805838 . _:b665861150 . _:b663520518 . _:b665861911 "0.0"^^ . _:b665862026 "(forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt x y t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [021-002] " . _:b665805840 _:b665805839 . _:b665862382 "The first chamber in the alimentary canal of a ruminant stomach, composed of the rumen and reticulum."^^ . _:b665861729 . _:b665805846 _:b665805845 . _:b663520999 "blindgut"^^ . _:b665805844 _:b665805843 . _:b663515996 . _:b665861735 . _:b663520523 . _:b663913561 . _:b665861906 "0.0"^^ . _:b663914170 "BTO:0000706"^^ . _:b665798062 "ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.566"^^ . _:b666208763 . _:b665805843 _:b665805842 . _:b663913329 "A bacterial infectious disease that results_in infection by bacteria as a result of their presence or activity within the normal, healthy host, and their intrinsic virulence is, in part, a necessary consequence of their need to reproduce and spread." . _:b663521133 . _:b665861126 . _:b665861732 . _:b665805841 _:b665805840 . _:b665862222 "ncithesaurus:Rectum"^^ . _:b665805852 _:b665805851 . _:b666209210 . _:b665805853 _:b665805852 . _:b665861737 . _:b665805855 _:b665805854 . _:b665861916 "0.0"^^ . _:b665861131 . _:b665861742 . _:b663913582 . _:b663515990 . _:b665797889 . _:b663516672 . _:b666239095 . _:b665805849 _:b665805848 . _:b663912974 . _:b665861740 . _:b663516673 . _:b665805850 _:b665805849 . _:b665805848 _:b665805847 . _:b663516674 . _:b665806039 _:b665806038 . _:b666208796 . _:b663516796 . _:b665806038 _:b665806037 . _:b665797898 . _:b663515833 "url:http://www.health.state.ny.us/diseases/communicable/campylobacteriosis/fact_sheet.htm" . _:b665806036 _:b665806039 . _:b663516797 . _:b663516798 . _:b663913526 "AAO:0010400"^^ . _:b665806034 _:b665806033 . _:b663520636 . _:b665806035 _:b665806034 . _:b663913573 . _:b665861653 . _:b663516792 . _:b666209192 . _:b663516793 . _:b663515757 . _:b665806032 _:b665806035 . _:b663516794 . _:b663515756 . _:b665806044 _:b665806043 . _:b665861658 . _:b663516795 . _:b663515759 . _:b666209237 . _:b663521025 . _:b663515758 . _:b666239096 . _:b665806044 _:b665806041 . _:b663515979 . _:b666239097 . _:b665806043 _:b665806042 . _:b663913023 . _:b663516191 . _:b665806016 _:b665806015 . _:b663913564 . _:b663520613 . _:b663913565 . _:b665862787 "zero dimension continuant fiat boundaries are not spatial points. Considering the example 'the quadripoint where the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona meet' : There are many frames in which that point is zooming through many points in space. Whereas, no matter what the frame, the quadripoint is always in the same relation to the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona."@en . _:b665862933 . _:b663913271 . _:b665861634 . _:b665806019 _:b665806018 . _:b663913018 . _:b665806017 _:b665806019 . _:b666208696 "url:http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec09/ch122/ch122a.html" . _:b663913563 . _:b666209247 . _:b663914117 . _:b663913274 . _:b665797913 . _:b663913273 . _:b663520622 . _:b663913272 . _:b663913278 . _:b665861642 . _:b663913554 . _:b663520715 "(forall (x t) (if (and (IndependentContinuant x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (Entity y) (specificallyDependsOnAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [018-002] " . _:b663913553 . _:b663913279 . _:b666239004 . _:b663515831 . _:b666239048 . _:b663521072 . _:b663520595 . _:b665806028 _:b665806031 . _:b663516768 . _:b665806031 _:b665806030 . _:b663521077 . _:b663515827 . _:b663516769 . _:b663913522 . _:b666209219 . _:b663516770 . _:b665806030 _:b665806029 . _:b663521083 . _:b663516764 . _:b666209228 . _:b663516766 . _:b663516767 . _:b663913459 . _:b663520604 . _:b663516760 . _:b663913456 . _:b666209438 . _:b663520714 "(forall (x t) (if (IndependentContinuant x) (exists (r) (and (SpatialRegion r) (locatedInAt x r t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [134-001] " . _:b665862420 . _:b665862421 . _:b663516763 . _:b663913043 . _:b665861689 . _:b663516756 . _:b663914274 "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663520577 . _:b665806068 _:b665806067 . _:b663516757 . . _:b663913053 . _:b663516758 . _:b666209432 . _:b663520810 . _:b665861694 . _:b663516759 . _:b666209433 . _:b665806066 _:b665806068 . _:b663516752 . _:b663913296 . _:b666209264 . _:b663516753 . _:b666209775 . _:b663913297 . _:b663913474 . _:b663913049 . _:b663516754 . _:b666209772 . _:b665806065 _:b665806064 . _:b665806059 _:b665806056 . _:b663516755 . _:b665806063 _:b665806065 . _:b665806058 _:b665806057 . _:b665861665 . _:b663516748 . _:b665805451 "url:http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec09/ch122/ch122a.html" . _:b666209276 . _:b663520586 . _:b665806059 _:b665806058 . _:b665861671 . _:b663516750 . _:b663913497 . _:b663913306 . _:b663913028 . _:b663516751 . _:b663913307 . _:b663516744 . _:b663913304 . _:b663516745 . _:b665806048 _:b665806047 . _:b663913305 . _:b663913975 "b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002])"@en . _:b663516746 . _:b665860778 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b665806049 _:b665806046 . _:b665806062 _:b665806061 . _:b663516196 . _:b665806060 _:b665806062 . _:b665862195 "Portion of alimentary canal with increased circular and longitudinal smooth muscle. Bounded posteriorly by the pyloric sphincter. Mucosal lining has increased folding.[AAO]"^^ . _:b665863128 . _:b663913308 . _:b663516741 . _:b665806206 . _:b663520690 . _:b663913309 . _:b665805637 "Last portion of the large intestine before it becomes the rectum."^^ . _:b665806049 _:b665806048 . _:b663516743 . _:b663520227 "The few structural specializations in (adult lampreys) pharynx include complex valves on the external gill openings that direct the tidal flow, and the division of the ancestral pharynx into an oesophagus and a respiratory pharynx.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665806053 _:b665806052 . _:b665861677 . _:b663516193 . _:b663515881 . _:b665806054 _:b665806053 . _:b663913355 . _:b663913038 . _:b663913033 . _:b663516738 . _:b663913359 . _:b663914328 "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665861304 . _:b665806054 _:b665806051 . _:b666238362 "UMLS:C0014876"^^ . _:b663516739 . _:b663914013 "(forall (x t) (if (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (bearerOfAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [060-002] " . _:b665805955 _:b665805954 . _:b665861841 . _:b666209261 . _:b665861847 . _:b665805953 _:b665805956 . _:b665861308 . _:b665805959 _:b665805958 . _:b666208843 . _:b665861461 "Tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach. In mammals, the oesophagus connects the buccal cavity with the stomach. The stratified squamous non-keratinised epithelium lining the buccal cavity is continued through the pharynx down into the oesophagus. The lowest part of the oesophagus (ca. 2 cm) is lined with gastric mucosa and covered by peritoneum. The main body of the oesophagus is lined with small, simple mucous glands. Each gland opens into the lumen by a long duct which pierces the muscularis mucosae (Wilson and Washington, 1989). A sphincter is situated at the point where the oesophagus enters the stomach to prevent gastro-oesophageal reflux, i.e. to prevent acidic gastric contents from reaching stratified epithelia of the oesophagus, where they can cause inflammation and irritation (Wilson and Washington, 1989; Brown et al., 1993)."^^ . _:b665861309 . _:b663913291 . _:b665805958 _:b665805957 . _:b665805956 _:b665805955 . _:b665861844 . _:b665861303 . _:b665861850 . _:b665860423 . _:b665805961 _:b665805960 . _:b663913292 . _:b666239021 . _:b665805962 _:b665805965 . _:b665860418 . _:b665805964 _:b665805963 . _:b665805965 _:b665805964 . _:b665861853 . _:b665805967 _:b665805966 . _:b666209444 . _:b663913355 . _:b663913080 . _:b665806110 "Each spatiotemporal region projects_onto some temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [098-001])"@en . _:b665861826 . _:b663515993 "MA"^^ . _:b665805968 _:b665805967 . _:b666209442 . _:b665805974 _:b665805973 . _:b663913359 . _:b665805973 _:b665805972 . _:b665797790 "A one-dimensional spatial region is a line or aggregate of lines stretching from one point in space to another. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [038-001])"@en . _:b666209443 . _:b666209042 . _:b663913622 . _:b665805970 _:b665805969 . _:b666209441 . _:b663520684 . _:b665805971 _:b665805974 . _:b663913350 . _:b665861829 . _:b663913062 . _:b666209045 . _:b666208957 . _:b663913351 . _:b665861835 . _:b663520687 . _:b665805980 _:b665805983 . _:b663520707 "Every occurrent occupies_spatiotemporal_region some spatiotemporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [108-001])"@en . _:b663520656 . _:b665798084 "mid-intestine"^^ . _:b666208885 "VHOG:0000648"^^ . _:b665805983 _:b665805982 . _:b665861832 . _:b665863099 . _:b663913529 . _:b666209631 . _:b665805982 _:b665805981 . _:b663913528 . _:b666209630 . _:b665861838 . _:b663516008 "cecum"^^ . _:b666209449 . _:b663520660 . _:b663913071 . _:b663913527 . _:b666209629 . _:b663516633 . _:b665805977 _:b665805976 . _:b663913353 . _:b663913439 . _:b663913526 . _:b666209628 . _:b663913352 . _:b665805979 _:b665805978 . _:b663913525 . _:b665805976 _:b665805975 . _:b665861525 "TAO:0001323"^^ . _:b666209626 . _:b665805998 _:b665806002 . _:b665860506 "b is a fiat object part = Def. b is a material entity which is such that for all times t, if b exists at t then there is some object c such that b proper continuant_part of c at t and c is demarcated from the remainder of c by a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [027-004])"@en . _:b663913523 . _:b666238978 . _:b666209625 . _:b665861873 . _:b663516828 . _:b663913522 . _:b663913072 . _:b665805994 _:b665805993 . _:b663519974 "(forall (x y t) (if (and (SpatialRegion x) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)) (SpatialRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [036-001] " . _:b665805995 _:b665805994 . _:b663519971 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b663913069 . _:b665805992 _:b665805991 . _:b665862900 . _:b665861878 . _:b665805997 _:b665805996 . _:b665862169 . _:b663913061 . _:b663516824 . _:b663913075 . _:b663516825 . _:b666238240 . _:b663913361 . _:b665862899 . _:b665862778 "(iff (OneDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [032-001] " . _:b663516826 . _:b663913064 . _:b663519976 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b663516827 . _:b665805986 _:b665805985 . _:b666209077 . _:b663520641 . _:b665862910 . _:b663516821 . _:b663913056 . _:b663913067 . _:b665862911 . _:b666209087 . _:b663516822 . _:b665805985 _:b665805984 . _:b663520038 "A one-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is extended. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [103-001])"@en . _:b665805991 _:b665805990 . _:b663913060 . _:b663913081 . _:b663913070 . _:b663516823 . _:b665805989 _:b665805992 . _:b663913909 . _:b663516816 . _:b665862906 . _:b665805988 _:b665805987 . _:b663516817 . _:b663516616 . _:b663913084 . _:b666209083 . _:b663913319 "b is a relational quality = Def. for some independent continuants c, d and for some time t: b quality_of c at t & b quality_of d at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [057-001])"@en . . _:b665861859 . _:b663516818 . _:b665806012 _:b665806016 . _:b663913650 . _:b665862905 . _:b663516812 . _:b663913058 . _:b663913065 . _:b665862154 . _:b665806015 _:b665806014 . _:b663516935 _:b663516934 . _:b665861856 . _:b663516813 . _:b663913079 . _:b665861863 . _:b663913057 . _:b663516814 . _:b665806014 _:b665806013 . _:b663516934 _:b663516933 . _:b663913085 . _:b663516815 . _:b663516938 _:b663516941 . _:b663913653 . _:b663520652 . _:b663913087 . _:b663516808 . _:b665806009 _:b665806008 . _:b663516809 . _:b665806011 _:b665806010 . _:b665806008 _:b665806007 . _:b665861867 . _:b666209082 . _:b663913074 . _:b663516932 _:b663516935 . _:b665806000 _:b665805999 . _:b663516804 . . _:b663913063 . _:b663913082 . _:b665806006 _:b665806005 . . _:b665806004 _:b665806003 . _:b663516805 . _:b665806005 _:b665806004 . _:b663516941 _:b663516940 . _:b663913357 . _:b663521168 . _:b663516806 . _:b663913076 . _:b663521175 . _:b665861870 . _:b663516807 . _:b665806002 _:b665806001 . _:b665805952 _:b665805951 . _:b663520872 . _:b663516940 _:b663516939 . _:b663913078 . _:b663516951 _:b663516950 . _:b663913066 . _:b665806443 "intestinum ileum"^^ . _:b665806001 _:b665806000 . _:b663913083 . _:b663516802 . _:b665861368 . _:b663516950 _:b663516949 . _:b665861778 . _:b663516948 _:b663516947 . _:b665863045 "ISBN:0-683-40008-8"^^ . _:b663913073 . _:b663516803 . _:b663516949 _:b663516948 . _:b665861369 . _:b663520697 . _:b665861363 . _:b663516947 _:b663516946 . _:b663913039 . _:b663520698 . _:b663913030 . _:b663520699 . _:b665861373 . _:b665861781 . _:b663913687 . _:b663521181 . _:b665806099 "A temporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of time as defined relative to some reference frame. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [100-001])"@en . _:b665861367 . _:b663913027 . _:b665861787 . _:b663913044 . _:b663913034 . _:b665861361 . _:b663913025 . _:b666238189 "(iff (RelationalQuality a) (exists (b c t) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (IndependentContinuant c) (qualityOfAt a b t) (qualityOfAt a c t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [057-001] " . _:b663520724 . . _:b665861362 . _:b665861784 . _:b663516917 . _:b663520725 . _:b663519947 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b665861636 . _:b663521152 . _:b665798080 "the portion of the small intestine that extends from the duodenum to the ileum"^^ . _:b665797768 . _:b663520166 . _:b663520726 . _:b663516918 . _:b665861364 . _:b665861372 . _:b665861790 . _:b663520727 . _:b663913029 . _:b663913037 . _:b663519958 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b665805351 . _:b663913024 . _:b663520722 . _:b663913035 . _:b665805350 . _:b663521163 . _:b665861762 . _:b666208747 . _:b663520723 . _:b665805349 . _:b665861353 . _:b665862873 . _:b665805348 . _:b663913032 . _:b665861760 . _:b663913054 . _:b665797767 . _:b665860413 . _:b665805347 . . _:b665861356 . _:b665798035 "The posterior intestine has short longitudinally arranged epithelial folds which are similar to the colon of higher vertebrates. Wallace et al, 2005.[TAO]"^^ . _:b665861765 . _:b663913045 . _:b663520728 . _:b665860408 . _:b665861358 . _:b663516905 . _:b663913055 . _:b665805694 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665861352 . _:b663913042 . _:b665805601 "Tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach. In mammals, the oesophagus connects the buccal cavity with the stomach. The stratified squamous non-keratinised epithelium lining the buccal cavity is continued through the pharynx down into the oesophagus. The lowest part of the oesophagus (ca. 2 cm) is lined with gastric mucosa and covered by peritoneum. The main body of the oesophagus is lined with small, simple mucous glands. Each gland opens into the lumen by a long duct which pierces the muscularis mucosae (Wilson and Washington, 1989). A sphincter is situated at the point where the oesophagus enters the stomach to prevent gastro-oesophageal reflux, i.e. to prevent acidic gastric contents from reaching stratified epithelia of the oesophagus, where they can cause inflammation and irritation (Wilson and Washington, 1989; Brown et al., 1993)."^^ . _:b663913051 . _:b665861769 . _:b663516900 . _:b666209009 . _:b665861346 . _:b665797834 "A zero-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is without extent. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [102-001])"@en . _:b666209632 . _:b663913040 . _:b665861347 . _:b665861775 . _:b665861348 . _:b665806150 "(forall (x) (if (Site x) (ImmaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [034-002] " . _:b665861349 . _:b663913047 . _:b665861357 . _:b665861350 . _:b663913052 . _:b665861772 . _:b665861351 . _:b665861648 . _:b665861811 . _:b665797846 "url:http://www.health.state.ny.us/diseases/communicable/campylobacteriosis/fact_sheet.htm" . _:b665861336 . _:b665861337 . _:b663913676 . _:b663913696 . _:b665861338 . _:b665805685 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665861330 . _:b665862420 . _:b663913048 . _:b665861808 . _:b663913677 . _:b665860556 "url:https://www.foodsafety.gov/poisoning/causes/bacteriaviruses/salmonella" . _:b665861339 . _:b665862421 . . _:b665860702 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b665805675 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665861340 . _:b665797847 . _:b665862989 . _:b665861814 . _:b663913564 . _:b663913008 . _:b663913565 . _:b665861342 . _:b663912993 . _:b663913004 . _:b663913664 . _:b665861343 . _:b665862799 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathogenic_bacteria" . _:b663912998 . _:b663913015 . _:b663521187 . _:b666209090 . _:b665797876 . _:b663913012 . _:b663912996 . _:b665861817 . _:b666209141 . _:b663520695 . _:b663913000 . _:b663912992 . _:b665805666 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665861331 . _:b663913002 . _:b665861823 . _:b663516928 _:b663516927 . _:b665860647 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b665861341 . _:b663520214 "VHOG:0000408"^^ . _:b665861334 . _:b663913007 . _:b665861820 . _:b666209136 . _:b665862028 "b is a continuant fiat boundary = Def. b is an immaterial entity that is of zero, one or two dimensions and does not include a spatial region as part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [029-001])"@en . _:b665861335 . _:b663912995 . _:b665861947 "b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002])"@en . _:b665861320 . _:b665862893 "cjm"^^ . _:b665861321 . _:b665861793 . _:b663516876 . _:b663913001 . _:b663520703 . _:b665861322 . _:b665861314 . _:b663913005 . _:b663516877 . _:b663912994 . _:b665861323 . _:b663520702 . _:b665861799 . _:b663516878 . _:b663520701 . _:b665861324 . _:b663520700 . _:b665861325 . _:b663913014 . _:b663520699 . _:b665861796 . _:b663520698 . _:b665861327 . . . _:b663912999 . _:b666209536 . . _:b663520697 . . . _:b666209146 . _:b665861802 . _:b663913010 . . _:b663520696 . _:b666208969 . . _:b665862884 "cjm"^^ . _:b663912997 . _:b663913011 . _:b663913019 . _:b663520314 . _:b665861315 . _:b665863146 . _:b663520765 "(forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [038-001] " . _:b663520315 . _:b666239308 . _:b663913003 . _:b663520754 . _:b666208960 . _:b663913022 . _:b666209126 . _:b666239309 . _:b663913013 . _:b663520854 . _:b665861805 . _:b666209121 . _:b666239310 . _:b666208966 . _:b665861326 . _:b663913020 . _:b666239311 . _:b663913006 . _:b665862888 "intestinum crassum"^^ . _:b665861319 . _:b666239304 . _:b663914260 "caeca"^^ . _:b666208979 . _:b666239305 . _:b663913009 . _:b663913017 . _:b663520305 . _:b666239306 . _:b665862885 . _:b663520306 . _:b666239307 . _:b666208971 . _:b666239300 . _:b663520012 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b663912972 . _:b666239301 . _:b665805640 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665797939 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b666239302 . _:b666239303 . _:b665861631 "GO:0060465"^^ . _:b666209131 . _:b666239296 . _:b663520296 . _:b666239297 . _:b666239298 . _:b663912981 . _:b663516627 . _:b666239299 . _:b666239324 . _:b666239325 . _:b663520838 . _:b663912973 . _:b663912985 . _:b663516887 _:b663516886 . _:b663912990 . _:b666239320 . _:b665861920 . _:b663516886 _:b663516885 . _:b666239321 . _:b663516890 _:b663516893 . _:b663912988 . _:b663520842 . _:b666239322 . _:b663520744 . _:b663516881 _:b663516880 . _:b663914249 "The terminal portion of the large intestine between the ileo-pelvic colon and the anus. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b666239323 . _:b663516882 _:b663516881 . _:b665861923 . _:b663912991 . _:b663912983 . _:b666239316 . _:b663515942 . _:b666239317 . _:b666208874 "blindgut"^^ . _:b666239318 . _:b663520748 . _:b665863105 . _:b665861926 . _:b663520294 . _:b666239319 . _:b663516893 _:b663516892 . _:b663914226 "UMLS:C0038351"^^ . _:b663516895 _:b663516898 . _:b663515941 . _:b663520295 . _:b666239312 . _:b663516873 _:b663516874 . _:b663912986 . _:b663912978 . _:b666239313 . _:b665798592 "A primary bacterial infectious disease that results_in infection located_in intestine, has_material_basis_in Campylobacter jejuni, which is transmitted_by ingestion of contaminated food or water or transmitted_by contact with infected people or animals. The infection has_symptom diarrhea or has_symptom dysentery, has_symptom abdominal cramps and pain, and has_symptom fever." . _:b663520281 . _:b666239314 . _:b663516892 _:b663516891 . _:b663515936 . _:b663520282 . _:b666239315 . _:b663515937 . _:b663520880 . _:b663520283 . _:b663912982 . _:b663520284 . _:b663516884 _:b663516887 . _:b663520285 . _:b663520724 . _:b663520277 . _:b663520286 . _:b663520725 . _:b663520884 . _:b665862966 . _:b663912977 . _:b663515946 . _:b663520272 . _:b663516867 _:b663516866 . _:b663913304 "A material entity is an independent continuant that has some portion of matter as proper or improper continuant part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [019-002])"@en . _:b663520273 . _:b663912989 . _:b663520274 . _:b663516879 _:b663516882 . _:b663515945 . _:b663516868 _:b663516865 . _:b663520275 . _:b663516868 _:b663516867 . . _:b663520276 . _:b663516869 _:b663516868 . . _:b663520732 . . . _:b663520278 . . _:b663520733 . . _:b663520892 . _:b665805615 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663520734 . _:b663520735 . _:b666208849 "esophagus NOT part of gut in MA. part of gut in ZFA. part_of gut (via UGIT) in FMA. Consider splitting. Interspecies: The human oesophagus is 25 cm long and has a diameter of ca. 2 cm. Only little information was found on the oesophagus in rat, rabbit and pig. The oesophagus of rat (75 x 2 mm) and rabbit has no mucous glands and the cardia of the stomach has a well-developed sphincter, which prevents them from vomiting (Hebel and Stromberg, 1988; Manning et al., 1994). Morphologically the oesophagus is similar in man and pig; both are omnivores and have a non-keratinised epithelium, submucous glands and similar membrane enzymes. Like in humans, pigs can suffer from reflux oesophagitis and stress ulceration of the oesophagus. The pig oesophagus may therefore be a good model for investigation compared to the human oesophagus (Christie et al., 1995)"^^ . _:b665860548 "(iff (TwoDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [033-001] " . _:b663520266 . _:b663520864 . _:b663520267 . _:b665805603 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b666209523 . _:b663516864 _:b663516869 . _:b663520707 . _:b666209524 . _:b665862187 . _:b663516944 . _:b663520269 . _:b663520708 . _:b666209525 . _:b663520869 . _:b665860807 "the portion of the small intestine that extends from the jejunum to the colon"^^ . _:b666209526 . _:b663516927 _:b663516926 . _:b666209527 . _:b663520875 . _:b665861888 . _:b665798172 . _:b663520256 . _:b663520257 . _:b665862966 "ISBN:0-683-40008-8"^^ . _:b663520712 . _:b666209667 "NCBITaxon:32443"^^ . _:b663914272 "AAO:0010400"^^ . _:b666238187 "(iff (ProcessProfile a) (exists (b) (and (Process b) (processProfileOf a b)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [093-002] " . _:b663520713 . _:b663516922 _:b663516921 . _:b665861892 . _:b663516943 . _:b663520260 . _:b663520268 . _:b663515972 "Portion of alimentary canal with increased circular and longitudinal smooth muscle. Bounded posteriorly by the pyloric sphincter. Mucosal lining has increased folding.[AAO]"^^ . _:b663516648 . _:b663516923 _:b663516922 . _:b663913163 . _:b665798817 "VHOG:0000052"^^ . _:b663516912 _:b663516911 . _:b663516920 _:b663516923 . _:b665861896 . _:b663520719 . _:b665798478 "An occurrent is an entity that unfolds itself in time or it is the instantaneous boundary of such an entity (for example a beginning or an ending) or it is a temporal or spatiotemporal region which such an entity occupies_temporal_region or occupies_spatiotemporal_region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [077-002])"@en . _:b663515904 . _:b663520378 . _:b666239244 . _:b663520380 . _:b666239245 . _:b666239246 . _:b663516901 _:b663516904 . _:b666239247 . _:b665805590 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663520374 . _:b663520383 . _:b666239240 . _:b663520368 . _:b666239241 . _:b663516904 _:b663516903 . _:b666239242 . _:b663520369 . _:b663520370 . _:b666239243 . _:b665798835 "the portion of the small intestine that extends from the jejunum to the colon"^^ . _:b663519969 "(forall (x t) (if (and (IndependentContinuant x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (Entity y) (specificallyDependsOnAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [018-002] " . _:b665861155 "0.0"^^ . _:b666239236 . _:b663516911 _:b663516910 . _:b665862144 . _:b663520379 . _:b666239237 . _:b663913157 . _:b666239238 . _:b663516897 _:b663516896 . _:b666239239 . _:b663516898 _:b663516897 . _:b663520375 . _:b666239232 . . _:b663520360 . _:b666239233 . _:b666238854 . _:b663913555 "ncithesaurus:Small_Intestine"^^ . _:b665861165 "0.0"^^ . _:b663520361 . _:b666239234 . _:b663520353 . _:b666238853 . _:b666239235 . _:b663913156 . _:b666238852 . _:b666239260 . _:b665861484 "VHOG:0001559"^^ . _:b666238851 . _:b663516909 _:b663516912 . _:b665862304 . _:b666239261 . _:b666238850 . _:b663520365 . _:b666239262 . _:b665862305 . _:b663516903 _:b663516902 . _:b665861160 "0.0"^^ . _:b663520366 . _:b666239263 . _:b663515727 "(forall (x t) (if (IndependentContinuant x) (exists (r) (and (SpatialRegion r) (locatedInAt x r t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [134-001] " . _:b663520367 . _:b666239256 . _:b663516647 . _:b663520359 . _:b663515925 "Segment of the alimentary canal extending from the stomach to the anus and, in humans and other mammals, consists of two segments, the small intestine and the large intestine."^^ . _:b663515930 . _:b663520352 . _:b666239257 . _:b663515931 . _:b666239258 . _:b663913160 . _:b663520354 . _:b666239259 . _:b666239169 "Intestinal surface area also is increased in amphibians and reptiles by internal folds and occasionally by a few villi. The intestine can be divided into a small intestine and a slightly wider large intestine.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b666239252 . _:b665861170 "0.0"^^ . _:b666208657 "(forall (x) (if (ProcessBoundary x) (exists (y) (and (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion y) (occupiesTemporalRegion x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [085-002] " . _:b665861382 . _:b666239253 . _:b665805379 "(forall (x t) (if (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (bearerOfAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [060-002] " . _:b663913152 . _:b663520357 . _:b666239254 . _:b663913153 . _:b663913172 . _:b663520358 . _:b666239255 . _:b665797985 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b666239248 . _:b665797998 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b666239249 . _:b663520344 . _:b663913179 . _:b666239250 . _:b663520345 . _:b663520346 . _:b666239251 . _:b663520347 . _:b666239276 . _:b663516741 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b665805535 "ncithesaurus:Large_Intestine"^^ . . _:b666239277 . _:b663520348 . _:b663520340 . _:b666209368 "To say that b is a realizable entity is to say that b is a specifically dependent continuant that inheres in some independent continuant which is not a spatial region and is of a type instances of which are realized in processes of a correlated type. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [058-002])"@en . _:b663913175 . _:b666239278 . _:b663520349 . _:b663913180 . _:b663520350 . _:b666239279 . _:b663520351 . _:b666239272 . _:b663913528 "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663516925 _:b663516928 . _:b663520336 . _:b666239273 . _:b663520826 . _:b665861371 . _:b663913171 . _:b666239274 . _:b663913176 . _:b665862840 . _:b666239275 . _:b663913132 . _:b663913138 . _:b663520339 . _:b666239268 . _:b666239269 . _:b665805544 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665861375 . _:b665861429 . _:b663520341 . _:b666239270 . _:b663913124 . _:b666239271 . _:b666239264 . _:b663516831 _:b663516830 . _:b663913130 . _:b663516829 _:b663516832 . _:b663520328 . _:b666239265 . _:b666239266 . _:b663520330 . _:b666239267 . _:b665862274 . _:b663913146 . _:b663913127 . _:b665862275 . _:b666239292 . _:b666239094 "We restrict this to the vertebrate specific structure - see the grouping class 'food storage organ' for analogous structures in other species. Teleosts: Zebrafish is functionally stomach-less, but may retain ontogenic footprint. Although the precise shape and size of the stomach varies widely among different vertebrates, the relative positions of the oesophageal and duodenal openings remain relatively constant. As a result, the organ always curves somewhat to the left before curving back to meet the pyloric sphincter. However, lampreys, hagfishes, chimaeras, lungfishes, and some teleost fish have no stomach at all, with the oesophagus opening directly into the intestine. The gastric lining is usually divided into two regions, an anterior portion lined by fundic glands, and a posterior with pyloric glands. Cardiac glands are unique to mammals, and even then are absent in a number of species. The distributions of these glands vary between species, and do not always correspond with the same regions as in man. Furthermore, in many non-human mammals, a portion of the stomach anterior to the cardiac glands is lined with epithelium essentially identical to that of the oesophagus. Ruminants, in particular, have a complex stomach, the first three chambers of which are all lined with oesophageal mucosa"^^ . _:b666209369 "All realizable dependent continuants have independent continuants that are not spatial regions as their bearers. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [060-002])"@en . _:b666239293 . _:b663520324 . _:b665862273 . _:b663913133 . _:b663520333 . _:b666239294 . _:b665860602 . _:b663913145 . _:b665861436 . _:b663520334 . _:b666239295 . _:b665862286 . _:b666208599 "All parts of temporal regions are temporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [101-001])"@en . _:b663913150 . _:b663516842 _:b663516841 . _:b666239288 . _:b665862284 . _:b666239289 . _:b663913121 . . _:b665861409 . _:b663516843 _:b663516842 . _:b663913123 . _:b666239290 . _:b665862285 . _:b663520329 . _:b663913149 . _:b663515756 "b is a disposition means: b is a realizable entity & b\u2019s bearer is some material entity & b is such that if it ceases to exist, then its bearer is physically changed, & b\u2019s realization occurs when and because this bearer is in some special physical circumstances, & this realization occurs in virtue of the bearer\u2019s physical make-up. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [062-002])"@en . _:b663516834 _:b663516837 . _:b666239291 . _:b663913128 . _:b663913143 . _:b665861415 . _:b663913151 . _:b663516832 _:b663516831 . _:b666239284 . _:b663516847 _:b663516846 . _:b663520815 . _:b666239285 . _:b663520325 . _:b666239286 . _:b663913120 . _:b666239287 . _:b665862294 . _:b665805534 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663913126 . _:b663913147 . _:b665862295 . _:b666239280 . _:b663520335 . _:b665862292 . _:b666239281 . _:b663913137 . _:b666239282 . _:b665862293 . _:b663520433 . _:b665862414 . _:b666239283 . _:b666239180 . _:b663516836 _:b663516835 . _:b663516840 _:b663516843 . _:b663516845 _:b663516848 . _:b666239181 . _:b663516837 _:b663516836 . _:b663913142 . _:b665860807 "MGI:csmith"^^ . _:b666239182 . _:b663913129 . _:b665861420 . _:b663913148 . _:b666239183 . _:b665862302 . _:b663516861 _:b663516860 . _:b663913139 . _:b665862303 . _:b666239176 . _:b663913135 . _:b663520432 . _:b666239177 . _:b665862073 . _:b665862301 . _:b665806368 "A cecum is present in most amniote species, and also in lungfish, but not in any living species of amphibian. In reptiles, it is usually a single median structure, arising from the dorsal side of the large intestine. Birds typically have two paired ceca, as, unlike other mammals, do hyraxes. Most mammalian herbivores have a relatively large cecum, hosting a large number of bacteria, which aid in the enzymatic breakdown of plant materials such as cellulose; in many species, it is considerably wider than the colon. In contrast, obligatory carnivores, whose diets contain little or no plant material, have a reduced cecum, which is often partially or wholly replaced by the vermiform appendix. Many fish have a number of small outpocketings, called pyloric ceca, along their intestine; despite the name they are not homologous with the cecum of amniotes, and their purpose is to increase the overall area of the digestive epithelium.[2] Some invertebrates, such as squid,[3] may also have structures with the same name, but these have no relationship with those of vertebrates."^^ . _:b666209605 "the terminal portion of the intestinal tube, terminating with the anus"^^ . _:b666239178 . _:b663516860 _:b663516859 . _:b663913136 . _:b663520434 . _:b666239179 . _:b665861591 . _:b663913100 . _:b666239172 . _:b666239173 . _:b665862077 . _:b663520437 . _:b666239174 . _:b663913092 . _:b666239175 . _:b663913103 . _:b663913111 . _:b663516848 _:b663516847 . _:b666239168 . _:b665798684 . _:b663913096 . _:b665862072 . _:b663516858 _:b663516861 . _:b666239169 . _:b663520424 . _:b665798685 . _:b665862065 . _:b663914220 . _:b663515998 "VHOG:0001751"^^ . _:b663520425 . _:b666239170 . _:b665798686 . _:b665862066 . _:b663913088 . _:b663913108 . _:b663520426 . _:b666239171 . _:b665798687 . _:b665862067 . _:b665805605 "UMLS:C0014876"^^ . _:b665861454 . _:b666239196 . _:b665862068 . _:b663516126 . _:b665862076 . _:b665861598 . _:b663520428 . _:b666239197 . _:b663520420 . _:b665862069 . _:b663913094 . _:b666239198 . _:b663913101 . _:b665862070 . _:b665798186 . _:b666239199 . _:b665798683 . _:b665862071 . _:b663520431 . _:b666239192 . _:b665798676 . _:b663520416 . _:b666239193 . _:b665798677 . _:b665862049 . _:b663913097 . _:b663913117 . _:b666239194 . _:b665798678 . _:b663913091 . _:b666239195 . _:b663520419 . _:b666239188 . _:b663913090 . _:b663520427 . _:b663913118 . _:b663913110 . _:b666239189 . _:b665862061 . _:b665861573 . _:b663520421 . _:b666239190 . _:b665862831 . _:b665798674 . _:b666239191 . _:b665798675 . _:b666239184 . _:b663913106 . _:b666209658 "ncithesaurus:Small_Intestine"^^ . _:b665861578 . _:b663520408 . _:b666239185 . _:b665805389 "(iff (SpecificallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (forall (t) (if (existsAt a t) (exists (b) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (not (SpatialRegion b)) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [050-003] " . _:b663913093 . _:b663515706 . _:b663516784 _:b663516783 . _:b663520409 . _:b666239186 . _:b663515707 . _:b665862050 . _:b663913112 . _:b663913114 . _:b666239187 . _:b663520410 . _:b663913099 . _:b663913119 . _:b666239212 . _:b663520411 . _:b665862060 . _:b666239213 . _:b663520404 . _:b663913109 . _:b666239214 . _:b663516785 _:b663516784 . _:b665862054 . _:b663515986 "The few structural specializations in (adult lampreys) pharynx include complex valves on the external gill openings that direct the tidal flow, and the division of the ancestral pharynx into an oesophagus and a respiratory pharynx.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663516773 _:b663516776 . _:b663520414 . _:b666239215 . _:b666239037 "Intestinal surface area also is increased in amphibians and reptiles by internal folds and occasionally by a few villi. The intestine can be divided into a small intestine and a slightly wider large intestine.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665862055 . _:b663913115 . _:b663913105 . _:b666239208 . _:b663913102 . _:b666239209 . _:b665861617 . _:b663516776 _:b663516775 . _:b666239210 . _:b663520401 . _:b663520402 . _:b666239211 . _:b663521016 . _:b665861623 . _:b663520403 . _:b666239204 . _:b665862395 . _:b666239205 . _:b663520405 . _:b666239206 . _:b666239207 . _:b666239200 . _:b665798780 . _:b663520415 . _:b666239201 . _:b665798781 . . _:b666239202 . _:b665798782 . _:b663520385 . _:b663516787 _:b663516788 . _:b665861487 . _:b663520394 . _:b666239203 . _:b665798783 . _:b665861486 . _:b663516782 _:b663516785 . _:b666239228 . _:b665798776 . _:b665806334 "An expanded region of the vertebrate alimentary tract that serves as a food storage compartment and digestive organ. A stomach is lined, in whole or in part by a glandular epithelium."^^ . _:b666239229 . _:b665798777 . _:b663520397 . _:b666239230 . _:b663516775 _:b663516774 . _:b665861628 . _:b666239231 . _:b665798779 . _:b663520390 . _:b666239224 . _:b665798772 . _:b663520384 . _:b666239225 . _:b665798773 . _:b666239226 . _:b663520386 . _:b666239227 . _:b666239220 . _:b665798768 . _:b666239221 . _:b665798769 . _:b663520396 . _:b663520389 . _:b666239222 . _:b663913582 "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665798770 . _:b665805800 . _:b666239223 . _:b665798771 . _:b663520391 . _:b666239216 . _:b665798764 . _:b666239217 . _:b665798765 . _:b665805797 . _:b666239218 . _:b665798766 . _:b665862354 . _:b666239219 . _:b665798767 . _:b663520498 . _:b665862355 . _:b666239116 . _:b665862853 . _:b663520919 . _:b663516404 . _:b666239117 . _:b666239188 "VHOG:0000053"^^ . _:b665798761 . _:b666239118 . . _:b665861612 . _:b666239119 . _:b665798763 . _:b666239112 . _:b665798756 . _:b665862136 . _:b663520503 . _:b666239113 . . _:b665862137 . _:b665798757 . _:b663913214 "A continuant is an entity that persists, endures, or continues to exist through time while maintaining its identity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [008-002])"@en . _:b666239114 . _:b666238299 . _:b665798758 . _:b663521050 "BTO:0000365"^^ . _:b666239115 . _:b665798759 . _:b663521049 "BTO:0000365"^^ . _:b666239108 . _:b665798752 . _:b666238345 "An expanded region of the vertebrate alimentary tract that serves as a food storage compartment and digestive organ. A stomach is lined, in whole or in part by a glandular epithelium."^^ . _:b666239109 . _:b663520508 . _:b663521035 "TAO:0001323"^^ . _:b666239110 . _:b665798754 . _:b663520925 . _:b666239111 . _:b665862143 . . _:b666239104 . _:b666239105 . _:b666209391 "(forall (x) (if (ObjectAggregate x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y z) (and (Object y) (Object z) (memberPartOfAt y x t) (memberPartOfAt z x t) (not (= y z)))))) (not (exists (w t_1) (and (memberPartOfAt w x t_1) (not (Object w)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [025-004] " . _:b666239106 . _:b665862130 . _:b666239107 . _:b665798751 . _:b665862131 . _:b666239132 . _:b665798532 "b is a role means: b is a realizable entity & b exists because there is some single bearer that is in some special physical, social, or institutional set of circumstances in which this bearer does not have to be& b is not such that, if it ceases to exist, then the physical make-up of the bearer is thereby changed. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [061-001])"@en . _:b665862132 . _:b665798744 . _:b666239020 . _:b665861282 "b is a continuant fiat boundary = Def. b is an immaterial entity that is of zero, one or two dimensions and does not include a spatial region as part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [029-001])"@en . _:b666239133 . _:b665862868 . _:b663914086 . _:b665862133 . _:b665798745 . _:b666239134 . _:b665798746 . _:b665862134 . _:b666239135 . _:b665798747 . _:b665862135 . _:b665806100 "All parts of temporal regions are temporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [101-001])"@en . _:b666239128 . _:b663913432 . _:b665861506 . _:b666239129 . _:b665862113 . _:b666239130 . _:b665862122 . _:b663516728 _:b663516729 . _:b666239131 . _:b665798743 . _:b665862123 . _:b666239124 . _:b665798736 . _:b665862124 . _:b666239125 . _:b665862125 . _:b665861528 . _:b666239126 . _:b665862118 . _:b665862198 . _:b663516705 _:b663516704 . _:b666239127 . _:b665862127 . _:b663516706 _:b663516705 . _:b663913431 . _:b665861515 . _:b665862199 . _:b666239120 . _:b665862210 "MA"^^ . _:b665798732 . _:b666239121 . _:b665798733 . _:b663520946 . _:b666239122 . _:b665798734 . _:b665862114 . _:b663914175 . _:b663516000 "BTO:0001158"^^ . _:b666239123 . _:b665798735 . _:b665862115 . _:b666238882 "(forall (x t) (if (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (bearerOfAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [060-002] " . _:b666239148 . _:b665798728 . _:b666239149 . _:b663913422 . _:b665798729 . _:b666239150 . _:b665798730 . _:b665862126 . _:b663914310 . _:b665797932 "BTO:0000706"^^ . _:b666239151 . _:b666209622 "intestinum crassum cecum"^^ . _:b665862299 "ISBN:0-683-40008-8"^^ . _:b665798731 . _:b665862119 . _:b663914311 . _:b665860596 . _:b666239144 . _:b665862104 . _:b666239145 . _:b663519980 . _:b666239146 . . _:b665862098 . _:b663519981 . _:b666239147 . _:b663914166 . _:b665862107 . _:b666238983 . . _:b663515737 "All parts of temporal regions are temporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [101-001])"@en . _:b666239140 . _:b663519982 . _:b665862108 . _:b665862200 . _:b666239141 . _:b666209613 "A cecum is present in most amniote species, and also in lungfish, but not in any living species of amphibian. In reptiles, it is usually a single median structure, arising from the dorsal side of the large intestine. Birds typically have two paired ceca, as, unlike other mammals, do hyraxes. Most mammalian herbivores have a relatively large cecum, hosting a large number of bacteria, which aid in the enzymatic breakdown of plant materials such as cellulose; in many species, it is considerably wider than the colon. In contrast, obligatory carnivores, whose diets contain little or no plant material, have a reduced cecum, which is often partially or wholly replaced by the vermiform appendix. Many fish have a number of small outpocketings, called pyloric ceca, along their intestine; despite the name they are not homologous with the cecum of amniotes, and their purpose is to increase the overall area of the digestive epithelium.[2] Some invertebrates, such as squid,[3] may also have structures with the same name, but these have no relationship with those of vertebrates."^^ . . . _:b663519976 . _:b666239142 . _:b665862110 . _:b663519977 . _:b666239143 . . _:b665862151 . _:b665862103 . . _:b663519978 . _:b666239136 . _:b665862096 . _:b665861562 . _:b663519979 . _:b666239137 . _:b665862097 . _:b663520930 . _:b666239138 . _:b665862088 . _:b666239139 . _:b665862099 . _:b665861567 . _:b666239164 . _:b665798840 . _:b666239165 . _:b665798841 . _:b663520452 . _:b665862109 . _:b666239166 . _:b665862102 . _:b666239167 . _:b666239160 . _:b665798836 . _:b665862088 . _:b663520939 . _:b666239161 . _:b665798837 . _:b665862089 . _:b663515807 "(iff (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ImmaterialEntity a) (exists (b) (and (or (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b)) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))) (not (exists (c t) (and (SpatialRegion c) (continuantPartOfAt c a t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [029-001] " . _:b666239162 . _:b665798838 . _:b663520457 . _:b663516679 _:b663516678 . _:b666239163 . _:b665798839 . _:b663516681 _:b663516685 . _:b666239156 . _:b663516686 _:b663516690 . _:b665862092 . _:b666238996 . _:b663516678 _:b663516677 . _:b666239157 . _:b665862093 . _:b663516679 _:b663516676 . _:b666239158 . _:b665798834 . _:b665862094 . _:b666239159 . _:b665798835 . _:b665862095 . _:b665862087 . _:b666239152 . _:b665798828 . _:b665862080 . _:b663521080 . _:b666239153 . _:b665798829 . _:b665862081 . _:b665798591 . _:b663516680 _:b663516679 . _:b666239154 . _:b665798830 . _:b665862082 . _:b663520593 . _:b663521082 . _:b666239155 . _:b663516685 _:b663516684 . _:b665862083 . _:b665798831 . _:b666239052 . _:b663519986 . _:b665862084 . _:b663521075 . _:b663520599 . _:b663516675 _:b663516680 . _:b666239053 . _:b663516685 _:b663516682 . _:b665862085 . _:b665798825 . _:b663519987 . _:b666239005 . _:b663521085 . _:b666239054 . _:b663519988 . _:b665862086 . _:b665798826 . _:b663516684 _:b663516683 . _:b666239055 . _:b663519989 . _:b665798827 . _:b663516690 _:b663516687 . _:b663520596 . _:b663521087 . _:b666239048 . _:b665798820 . _:b665862359 . _:b663516696 _:b663516699 . _:b666239049 . _:b665798821 . _:b663520602 . _:b666239050 . _:b663519951 . _:b663521081 . _:b665798822 . _:b663515788 . _:b663516689 _:b663516688 . _:b663521074 . _:b666239051 . _:b663519950 . _:b663516690 _:b663516689 . _:b666239044 . _:b663519949 . _:b665798816 . _:b663521076 . _:b666239045 . _:b665798817 . _:b666239046 . _:b665798818 . _:b663520605 . _:b666239047 . _:b663516703 _:b663516706 . _:b663521086 . _:b665798819 . _:b665862247 . _:b663521079 . _:b666239040 . _:b665862220 "ISBN:0-683-40008-8"^^ . _:b663519998 . _:b666238182 "a one-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a continuous fiat line whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [032-001])"@en . _:b665861688 . _:b666239041 . _:b665798765 "ncithesaurus:Cecum"^^ . _:b663520578 . _:b666239042 . _:b666239043 . _:b665798815 . _:b665862084 . _:b663516698 _:b663516697 . _:b666239068 . _:b663519957 . _:b665798808 . _:b666239069 . _:b663519956 . _:b665798809 . _:b665861693 . _:b663516699 _:b663516698 . _:b666239070 . _:b663519955 . _:b665798810 . _:b663520581 . _:b666239071 . _:b663519954 . _:b665798811 . _:b663519973 . _:b663521071 . _:b666239064 . _:b663519953 . _:b663520587 . _:b666239065 . _:b663519952 . _:b665861673 . _:b665798805 . _:b663914309 "VHOG:0000052"^^ . _:b666239066 . _:b665798806 . _:b663520727 "(forall (x y) (if (and (TemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (TemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [101-001] " . _:b666239067 . _:b665798807 . _:b663520584 . _:b663516448 _:b663516447 . _:b666239060 . _:b663519978 . _:b665798781 "TAO:0000706"^^ . _:b666239061 . _:b663521060 . _:b663519979 . _:b663520590 . _:b665861669 . _:b666239092 "Portion of alimentary canal with increased circular and longitudinal smooth muscle. Bounded posteriorly by the pyloric sphincter. Mucosal lining has increased folding.[AAO]"^^ . _:b663521061 . _:b666239062 . _:b666239063 . _:b663521070 . _:b665860937 . _:b663516451 _:b663516450 . _:b666239056 . _:b665861664 . _:b663520627 . _:b663516449 _:b663516451 . _:b666239057 . _:b665863044 "cjm"^^ . _:b666239058 . _:b663519952 . _:b666239059 . _:b663519953 . _:b665861667 . _:b663521051 . _:b666239084 . _:b665861668 . _:b663520631 . _:b663521052 . _:b666239085 . . . _:b666239086 . . _:b665861670 . . . _:b666239087 . . . . _:b666239080 . _:b663521040 . _:b666239081 . _:b665797740 "(forall (x t) (if (IndependentContinuant x) (exists (r) (and (SpatialRegion r) (locatedInAt x r t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [134-001] " . _:b665861657 . _:b663520634 . _:b665860604 . _:b666239082 . _:b663521041 . _:b663521042 . _:b666239083 . _:b663519961 . _:b665861651 . _:b666239076 . _:b663519962 . _:b665861660 . _:b666239077 . _:b663520289 "2012-08-14"^^ . _:b665861661 . _:b663520774 "(forall (x) (if (Site x) (ImmaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [034-002] " . _:b666239078 . . _:b665861662 . _:b663520637 . _:b666239079 . _:b666239072 . _:b663519966 . _:b663520611 . _:b665861656 . _:b665806383 . _:b663521032 . _:b666239073 . _:b663519967 . _:b666239074 . _:b665861650 . _:b666239075 . _:b663520608 . _:b665862211 . _:b666239100 . _:b665861652 . _:b663521038 "intestinum tenue"^^ . _:b666239101 . _:b663520614 . _:b663521039 "intestinum tenue"^^ . _:b666239102 . _:b663913514 "caeca"^^ . _:b665862222 . _:b666239103 . _:b665861655 . _:b663516418 _:b663516417 . _:b665861663 . _:b663516419 _:b663516422 . _:b665862223 . _:b666239096 . _:b665861632 . _:b663521024 . _:b666239097 . _:b665861641 . _:b666239098 . _:b663516417 _:b663516416 . _:b663520617 . _:b666238346 "AAO:0000579"^^ . _:b666239099 . _:b663521027 . _:b666239092 . _:b665861644 . _:b663516422 _:b663516421 . _:b663520623 . _:b663521028 . _:b666239093 . _:b663516421 _:b663516420 . _:b665861645 . _:b663521029 . _:b666239094 . _:b665861646 . _:b663516427 _:b663516424 . _:b665862230 . _:b663521030 . _:b666239095 . _:b665861647 . _:b663520620 . _:b665862231 . _:b663516426 _:b663516425 . _:b666239088 . _:b663521031 . _:b665861640 . _:b666239089 . _:b663519951 . _:b665861633 . _:b663521136 . _:b665862229 . _:b663516427 _:b663516426 . _:b666239090 . _:b663520529 . _:b666239091 . _:b663521147 . _:b666238988 . _:b663516431 _:b663516430 . _:b663521148 . _:b666238989 . _:b665798889 . _:b665861637 . _:b663515997 "MP:0000492"^^ . _:b663521149 . _:b666238990 . _:b665798890 . _:b665861638 . _:b663520533 . _:b666238991 . _:b663516437 _:b663516434 . _:b665861639 . _:b663521142 . _:b665798891 . _:b663516432 _:b663516431 . _:b666238984 . _:b663521151 . _:b663516436 _:b663516435 . _:b665861744 . _:b663520539 . . _:b663516432 _:b663516429 . _:b666238985 . _:b665862236 . _:b663516437 _:b663516436 . _:b663516443 _:b663516445 . _:b666238986 . _:b665862237 . _:b663521137 . _:b665862234 . _:b666238987 . _:b666208911 "VHOG:0000055"^^ . _:b663516440 "100.0"^^ . _:b666238108 . _:b663520536 . _:b665805458 . _:b665861143 . _:b665862235 . _:b666238980 . _:b663516446 _:b663516448 . _:b666238107 . _:b663521140 . _:b666238981 . _:b666208839 . _:b665860534 "(forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt x y t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [021-002] " . _:b663516049 . _:b666238106 . _:b665861749 . _:b663520542 . _:b665861201 "b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002])"@en . _:b666238982 . _:b663516048 . _:b666238105 . _:b666208833 . _:b666238983 . _:b663516445 _:b663516444 . _:b663521150 . _:b663520263 "2012-08-14"^^ . _:b663516051 . _:b666238104 . _:b665861147 . _:b663520046 . _:b666238976 . _:b663521143 . _:b663516050 . _:b663520047 . _:b666238977 . _:b663521120 . _:b663520514 . _:b665862690 "b is an occurrent entity iff b is an entity that has temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [079-001])"@en . _:b663520048 . _:b666238978 . _:b663521129 . _:b663516435 "100.0"^^ . _:b665861754 . _:b663516052 . _:b663521130 . _:b666238979 . _:b665861151 . _:b666239004 . _:b663520519 . _:b663516441 _:b663516440 . _:b663521132 . _:b666239005 . _:b663520035 . _:b663516442 _:b663516439 . _:b663516430 "100.0"^^ . _:b663516442 _:b663516441 . _:b666239006 . _:b663521125 . _:b663516717 "An expanded region of the vertebrate alimentary tract that serves as a food storage compartment and digestive organ. A stomach is lined, in whole or in part by a glandular epithelium."^^ . _:b666239007 . _:b663520516 . _:b665861759 . _:b663521135 . _:b666239000 . _:b666239001 . _:b665861121 . _:b663521121 . _:b666239002 . _:b663520521 . _:b663515971 . _:b666239003 . _:b663520041 . _:b663516047 . _:b665861127 . _:b666238996 . _:b663520042 . _:b663521131 . _:b663516425 "100.0"^^ . _:b663516046 . _:b663521124 . _:b666238997 . _:b665862400 . _:b663520526 . _:b665862604 . _:b666209443 "A disease is a disposition (i) to undergo pathological processes that (ii) exists in an organism because of one or more disorders in that organism." . _:b666238998 . _:b663913254 "(forall (r) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [107-002] " . _:b666239133 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b665861734 . _:b665862605 . _:b665861124 . _:b663521126 . _:b666238999 . _:b666239132 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b663520524 . _:b665862606 . _:b665862986 "cjm"^^ . _:b665862675 . _:b666238992 . _:b663520563 . _:b666238452 "ncithesaurus:Ileum"^^ . _:b665862607 . _:b663521112 . _:b666238993 . _:b666239134 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b665862600 . _:b663521113 . _:b666238994 . _:b663913401 . _:b663521105 . _:b665862601 . _:b663521114 . _:b666238995 . _:b663520560 . _:b665862602 . _:b665861739 . _:b663521115 . _:b666239020 . _:b665860591 . _:b666239131 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b665862603 . _:b665862827 . _:b663521116 . _:b666239021 . _:b665862676 . _:b663520566 . _:b665862596 . _:b666239022 . _:b665862597 . _:b665861132 . _:b666239023 . _:b665862598 . _:b666239016 . _:b665862599 . _:b663521104 . _:b666239017 . _:b665863100 . _:b665862592 . _:b665863101 . _:b666239018 . _:b663520059 . _:b663520569 . _:b665862593 . _:b663521106 . _:b666239019 . _:b665862594 . _:b665861175 . _:b663521107 . _:b666239012 . _:b663520575 . _:b665862595 . _:b665861233 "b is a disposition means: b is a realizable entity & b\u2019s bearer is some material entity & b is such that if it ceases to exist, then its bearer is physically changed, & b\u2019s realization occurs when and because this bearer is in some special physical circumstances, & this realization occurs in virtue of the bearer\u2019s physical make-up. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [062-002])"@en . _:b666239013 . _:b665862620 . _:b666239014 . _:b665862621 . _:b665861172 . _:b666239015 . _:b663520572 . _:b665863047 . _:b665862622 . _:b663521111 . _:b666239008 . _:b663520061 . _:b665862623 . _:b665862626 . _:b665861178 . _:b663521096 . _:b666239009 . _:b663520060 . _:b665862616 . _:b666209431 "A history is a process that is the sum of the totality of processes taking place in the spatiotemporal region occupied by a material entity or site, including processes on the surface of the entity or within the cavities to which it serves as host. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [138-001])"@en . _:b663521097 . _:b666239010 . _:b663520545 . _:b665862617 . _:b663521098 . _:b666239011 . _:b665862618 . _:b666239036 . _:b663520002 . _:b663520551 . _:b665862619 . _:b663521100 . _:b666239037 . _:b665863040 . _:b663914320 "ncithesaurus:Jejunum"^^ . _:b665862612 . _:b665861181 . _:b665863041 . _:b666239038 . _:b665862613 . _:b666239039 . _:b663520548 . _:b665862614 . _:b663521103 . _:b666239032 . . _:b665862615 . _:b666238505 "alimentary system subdivision"^^ . _:b666239033 . _:b663520554 . _:b665862608 . _:b666239034 . _:b663520008 . _:b665862609 . _:b665806421 "The fixed portion of the small intestine deeply lodged in the posterior wall of the abdomen and extending from the pylorus to the beginning of the jejunum. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663521090 . _:b666239035 . _:b665863050 . _:b665862610 . _:b663521091 . _:b666239028 . _:b665863051 . _:b663521099 . _:b665862611 . _:b663521092 . _:b666239029 . _:b665863048 . _:b665805412 "(forall (x) (if (ProcessBoundary x) (exists (y) (and (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion y) (occupiesTemporalRegion x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [085-002] " . _:b665862636 . _:b665861157 . _:b663521093 . _:b666239030 . _:b665863049 . _:b663520557 . _:b665862637 . _:b663521094 . _:b666239031 . _:b665862638 . _:b663521095 . _:b666239024 . _:b665798956 . _:b665862639 . _:b665861162 . _:b666239025 . _:b665798957 . _:b665862632 . _:b666239026 . _:b665862633 . _:b665863015 "cjm"^^ . _:b666239027 . _:b665806290 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665862159 . _:b665862634 . _:b663520045 "(forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [020-002] " . _:b665861167 . _:b665798780 "AAO:0010400"^^ . _:b665862635 . _:b663516502 "b is a disposition means: b is a realizable entity & b\u2019s bearer is some material entity & b is such that if it ceases to exist, then its bearer is physically changed, & b\u2019s realization occurs when and because this bearer is in some special physical circumstances, & this realization occurs in virtue of the bearer\u2019s physical make-up. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [062-002])"@en . _:b665862628 . _:b665862154 . _:b665862629 . _:b665862630 . _:b665862631 . _:b665805429 "(forall (x y) (if (processProfileOf x y) (and (properContinuantPartOf x y) (exists (z t) (and (properOccurrentPartOf z y) (TemporalRegion t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion y t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion z t) (not (exists (w) (and (occurrentPartOf w x) (occurrentPartOf w z))))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [094-005] " . _:b665862624 . _:b665862153 . _:b665862625 . _:b665861328 . _:b665862626 . _:b665862164 . _:b665862627 . _:b665806280 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665861813 . _:b665862652 . _:b665862165 . _:b663520216 "ncithesaurus:Stomach"^^ . _:b665862653 . _:b665861332 . _:b665863035 "cjm"^^ . _:b663914092 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_gastrointestinal_tract" . _:b665862654 . _:b665862160 . _:b665862655 . _:b665862648 . _:b663516670 . _:b665863141 . _:b665862649 . _:b665798482 "(forall (x) (iff (Occurrent x) (and (Entity x) (exists (y) (temporalPartOf y x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [079-001] " . _:b665862650 . _:b665862651 . _:b665863025 "cjm"^^ . _:b663913480 "UMLS:C0038351"^^ . _:b665861998 "b is a fiat object part = Def. b is a material entity which is such that for all times t, if b exists at t then there is some object c such that b proper continuant_part of c at t and c is demarcated from the remainder of c by a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [027-004])"@en . _:b665862644 . . _:b665861822 . _:b665862645 . _:b663516661 . _:b665805697 . _:b665862646 . _:b665805696 . _:b665862168 . _:b665862647 . . _:b665806166 "(forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt x y t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [021-002] " . _:b665805699 . _:b665862169 . _:b665862640 . . _:b665805698 . _:b665862641 . _:b663516518 . _:b665862642 . _:b665861795 . _:b665862643 . _:b663516516 . _:b665862540 . _:b665798930 . _:b663516517 . _:b665862541 . . _:b665861316 . _:b665798931 . _:b665862542 . _:b665862543 . _:b665862536 . _:b663521177 . _:b665862537 . _:b663521178 . _:b665805693 . _:b665862538 . _:b665805692 . _:b665861804 . _:b665862539 . _:b663521180 . _:b665805695 . _:b665862532 . _:b665805694 . _:b663521173 . _:b665862533 . _:b665862534 . _:b663521183 . _:b665862535 . _:b663516878 "FMA:71131"^^ . _:b665860520 "b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001])"@en . _:b665861777 . _:b665862528 . _:b665798918 . _:b665862529 . _:b663521170 . _:b663516572 _:b663516575 . _:b665862530 . _:b663516877 "FMA:71131"^^ . _:b663521171 . _:b663521179 . _:b665862531 . _:b663521172 . _:b665798913 . _:b665862556 . _:b665861365 . _:b665862557 . _:b665862939 "cjm"^^ . _:b663516574 _:b663516573 . _:b663521174 . _:b665806569 . _:b665862558 . _:b665862938 "cjm"^^ . _:b666209524 "A subdivision of the digestive tract that connects the small intestine to the cloaca or anus. Lacks or has few villi[Kardong]."^^ . _:b666209797 . _:b665862559 . _:b663516575 _:b663516574 . _:b665861370 . _:b663521160 . _:b665862552 . _:b665861786 . _:b665862553 . _:b663521162 . _:b665862554 . _:b663913339 "url:http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec09/ch122/ch122a.html" . _:b665863170 _:b665863169 . _:b665862555 . _:b665863171 _:b665863170 . _:b665861374 . _:b665862548 . _:b663521165 . _:b665862549 . _:b665862550 . _:b663521167 . _:b665862551 . _:b663516585 _:b663516584 . _:b663516583 _:b663516586 . _:b665863174 _:b665863173 . _:b663516586 _:b663516585 . _:b665862544 . _:b665863172 _:b665863171 . _:b665863173 _:b665863172 . _:b663521161 . _:b665862545 . _:b665861344 . _:b663521154 . _:b665862546 . _:b663515815 "(iff (RelationalQuality a) (exists (b c t) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (IndependentContinuant c) (qualityOfAt a b t) (qualityOfAt a c t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [057-001] " . _:b663521155 . _:b665861764 . _:b665862547 . _:b663521156 . _:b665805605 . _:b665862572 . _:b663521157 . _:b665805604 . _:b665862573 . _:b663521166 . _:b665862574 . _:b665861768 . _:b665862575 . _:b665861354 . _:b663516804 "VHOG:0000052"^^ . _:b665805601 . _:b665862568 . _:b663520657 . _:b665862569 . . _:b665805603 . _:b665862570 . . _:b665861359 . _:b665805602 . _:b665863166 . _:b665862571 . _:b665805629 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b665805628 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b665863167 . _:b665862564 . _:b665862349 . _:b665805631 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b665862565 . _:b663520661 . _:b665805630 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b665862566 . _:b663516595 _:b663516598 . _:b663520667 . _:b665862567 . _:b665861872 . _:b663515825 "url:https://www.foodsafety.gov/poisoning/causes/bacteriaviruses/salmonella" . _:b665862241 _:b665862242 . _:b665806384 "UBERON:0001155"^^ . _:b665862560 . _:b665862561 . _:b665862562 . _:b665862563 . _:b663516601 _:b663516600 . _:b665862748 "An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects " . _:b663516599 _:b663516602 . _:b663516602 _:b663516601 . _:b665862588 . _:b665861877 . _:b665862749 "An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects " . _:b663516590 _:b663516591 . _:b665862589 . _:b665862590 . _:b663516597 _:b663516596 . _:b663516598 _:b663516597 . _:b665862591 . _:b663520642 . _:b665862584 . _:b663520188 . _:b665862585 . _:b665862946 . _:b665862586 . _:b663913497 "4"^^ . _:b665862587 . _:b665862944 . _:b665862961 "cjm"^^ . _:b663520239 "VHOG:0001751"^^ . _:b665806199 "A disease that manifests in a defined anatomical structure." . _:b663913329 . _:b665862580 . _:b665862945 . _:b665862581 . _:b665862582 . _:b663516624 _:b663516623 . _:b663913576 . _:b663516632 _:b663516635 . _:b665862583 . _:b663516628 _:b663516627 . _:b666208650 "b is an object means: b is a material entity which manifests causal unity of one or other of the types CUn listed above & is of a type (a material universal) instances of which are maximal relative to this criterion of causal unity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [024-001])"@en . _:b663516629 _:b663516628 . _:b663913577 . _:b665862576 . _:b665862957 . _:b665861858 . _:b665862577 . _:b665862578 . _:b663913572 . _:b665862579 . _:b663913573 . _:b665860706 "ncithesaurus:Stomach"^^ . _:b665862476 . _:b663516615 _:b663516616 . _:b663913574 . _:b663520653 . _:b665862477 . _:b663516626 _:b663516629 . _:b663913575 . _:b665862478 . _:b663516639 _:b663516637 . _:b663520691 . _:b665862479 . _:b665862472 . _:b663516636 _:b663516640 . _:b663913341 . _:b665862473 . _:b663913571 . _:b663520688 . _:b665862474 . _:b663516634 _:b663516633 . _:b663516620 _:b663516621 . _:b663521055 "The first two fifth of the small intestine beyond the duodenum. It extends from the end of the duodenum to the ileum. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665862475 . _:b665861342 . _:b665862468 . _:b663516635 _:b663516634 . _:b665862216 _:b665862217 . _:b665862469 . _:b665862470 . _:b665862975 . _:b665861840 . _:b665862471 . _:b665862218 _:b665862219 . _:b665798807 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . . _:b665862464 . _:b665862465 . _:b665862466 . _:b663516613 _:b663516612 . _:b663516614 _:b663516613 . _:b665862968 . _:b665862467 . _:b663516621 _:b663516624 . _:b665862492 . _:b665862969 . _:b663516625 _:b663516626 . _:b663516614 _:b663516611 . _:b665862493 . _:b663516637 _:b663516638 . _:b665862494 . _:b663914382 . _:b665862495 . _:b663914383 . _:b665861849 . _:b665862488 . _:b665861305 . _:b665862489 . _:b663914381 . _:b663516468 "(forall (x) (if (Occurrent x) (exists (r) (and (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x r))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [108-001] " . _:b663516610 _:b663516614 . _:b663520672 . _:b665862490 . _:b663516623 _:b663516622 . _:b665862491 . _:b665862484 . _:b663520677 . _:b665862485 . _:b665862486 . _:b663515834 "url:http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec09/ch122/ch122a.html" . _:b665862487 . _:b663520682 . _:b665862480 . _:b665797984 . _:b665862481 . _:b665862482 . _:b665862483 . _:b665861338 . _:b665862508 . _:b663520685 . _:b665862509 . _:b665861831 . _:b665862510 . _:b665862511 . _:b665862504 . _:b666237839 _:b666237843 . _:b663520825 . _:b663520337 . _:b665862505 . _:b665862506 . _:b665862507 . _:b665862225 _:b665862226 . _:b663520342 . _:b665862500 . _:b663520829 . _:b665862501 . _:b663520830 . _:b663516642 . _:b663516651 _:b663516650 . _:b665862502 . _:b663520831 . _:b665862503 . _:b663520824 . _:b666237847 _:b666237846 . _:b665862496 . _:b665862497 . _:b666237844 _:b666237848 . _:b663516652 _:b663516651 . _:b666237846 _:b666237845 . _:b663520818 . _:b665862498 . _:b663516640 _:b663516639 . _:b663520819 . _:b665862499 . _:b665862998 . _:b665862524 . _:b663516641 _:b663516644 . _:b666237842 _:b666237841 . _:b666237843 _:b666237842 . _:b665862525 . _:b665862526 . _:b665805685 "The first two fifth of the small intestine beyond the duodenum. It extends from the end of the duodenum to the ileum. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665862527 . _:b666237841 _:b666237840 . _:b663516643 _:b663516642 . _:b665862520 . _:b666237852 _:b666237851 . _:b665862521 . _:b666237855 _:b666237854 . _:b665862522 . _:b663516649 _:b663516652 . _:b665863007 . _:b665862523 . _:b663516644 _:b663516643 . _:b666237854 _:b666237853 . _:b663520326 . _:b665862516 . _:b665862517 . _:b663516284 _:b663516283 . _:b663520814 . _:b665862518 . _:b665797845 . _:b666237850 _:b666237849 . _:b666237851 _:b666237850 . _:b663520331 . _:b666237848 _:b666237847 . _:b665862519 . _:b665863166 . _:b665863020 . _:b665862512 . _:b665863167 . _:b665863021 . _:b663516286 _:b663516285 . _:b665862513 . _:b665862434 . _:b665805693 "MGI:csmith"^^ . _:b665861450 "It appears that the stomach has an ancient origin. The stomach first appears in the fish lineage. The prevertebrate chordates do not have a true stomach, whereas the cartilaginous and bony fish do. Although most fish do have a true stomach, some fish species appear to have lost the stomach secondarily. The remaining vertebrate lineages do have a true stomach (at least in the adult animal), although there is great variation in the size and shape of the stomach.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665862514 . _:b665863019 . _:b666237866 _:b666237865 . _:b663516281 _:b663516280 . _:b665862515 . _:b666237864 _:b666237863 . _:b663516282 _:b663516284 . _:b665862412 . _:b666237868 _:b666237867 . _:b666237869 _:b666237868 . _:b663520813 . _:b663520064 . _:b665863030 . _:b665862413 . . _:b663516279 _:b663516278 . _:b665862414 . _:b665862439 . _:b665863031 . _:b665862415 . _:b663516276 _:b663516275 . _:b666237870 _:b666237869 . _:b665862408 . _:b663516277 _:b663516279 . _:b666238207 . _:b666237859 _:b666237858 . _:b665862409 . _:b665862279 "cjm"^^ . _:b663516274 _:b663516273 . _:b665862410 . _:b665862411 . _:b666237857 _:b666237856 . _:b666237863 _:b666237862 . _:b665862404 . _:b663516272 _:b663516274 . _:b665862405 . _:b665863038 . _:b665860556 . _:b665862406 . _:b666237860 _:b666237859 . _:b665860557 . _:b666237861 _:b666237860 . _:b665863039 . _:b665862407 . _:b665860558 . _:b665806424 "UMLS:C0013303"^^ . _:b663516266 _:b663516265 . _:b666237884 _:b666237883 . _:b665862400 . _:b665860559 . _:b663516264 _:b663516263 . _:b663516267 _:b663516269 . _:b666237885 _:b666237887 . _:b665862401 . _:b665860552 . _:b663516269 _:b663516268 . _:b666237887 _:b666237886 . _:b663520376 . _:b665862402 . _:b665860553 . _:b663516256 _:b663516255 . _:b665862403 . _:b665860554 . _:b663516271 _:b663516270 . _:b665863032 . _:b665862428 . _:b665860555 . _:b663520381 . _:b665862429 . _:b665860548 . _:b666237881 _:b666237880 . _:b665862982 . _:b665862430 . _:b665860549 . _:b665863037 "VHOG:0000053"^^ . _:b665862298 "cjm"^^ . _:b663516259 _:b663516258 . _:b665862983 . _:b666237882 _:b666237881 . _:b663516396 . _:b665862416 . _:b663914317 . _:b663520355 . _:b665862431 . _:b665860550 . _:b663516257 _:b663516259 . _:b665862980 . . _:b666237879 _:b666237878 . _:b665862424 . _:b665860551 . _:b665862981 . _:b665862425 . _:b666237872 _:b666237871 . _:b665860544 . _:b666237878 _:b666237877 . _:b665862419 . _:b665862426 . _:b665860545 . _:b666237877 _:b666237876 . _:b666209444 "A disease that manifests in a defined anatomical structure." . _:b665862427 . _:b665860546 . _:b665862976 . _:b665862289 "cjm"^^ . _:b663516261 _:b663516260 . _:b665862420 . _:b665860547 . _:b665862977 . _:b663516262 _:b663516264 . _:b666237875 _:b666237874 . _:b663914307 . _:b665862421 . _:b665860572 . _:b663516247 _:b663516246 . _:b665862422 . _:b665860573 . _:b663516240 _:b663516239 . _:b665862408 . _:b665862423 . _:b665860574 . _:b666237873 _:b666237872 . _:b663516244 _:b663516243 . _:b663516245 _:b663516244 . _:b663520362 . _:b665862416 . _:b665860575 . _:b665862410 . _:b665862402 . _:b666237904 _:b666237903 . _:b665862417 . _:b665860568 . _:b663516242 _:b663516241 . _:b665862418 . _:b665860569 . _:b666237909 _:b666237908 . _:b665862419 . _:b665860570 . _:b666237910 _:b666237912 . _:b663913246 "(forall (x) (if (TemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [100-001] " . _:b666237919 _:b666237922 . _:b665862413 . _:b665862444 . _:b665860571 . _:b663516241 _:b663516240 . _:b666237907 _:b666237906 . _:b665862414 . _:b663516382 . _:b665862445 . _:b665860564 . _:b663521046 "NCBITaxon:32443"^^ . _:b663516253 _:b663516252 . _:b665862446 . _:b666237905 _:b666237907 . _:b665860565 . _:b665862447 . _:b665860566 . _:b663520888 . _:b665862401 . _:b665862409 . _:b665862440 . _:b665860567 . _:b666237917 _:b666237916 . _:b663520889 . _:b663516254 _:b663516253 . _:b665862441 . _:b665860560 . _:b663521035 "2012-08-14"^^ . _:b665862403 . _:b663520882 . _:b665862442 . _:b665860561 . _:b663516224 _:b663516223 . _:b663520891 . _:b663516249 _:b663516248 . _:b663520279 . _:b665862443 . _:b665860562 . _:b666237918 _:b666237917 . _:b663516666 . _:b663516250 _:b663516249 . _:b665862993 . _:b665862436 . _:b665860563 . _:b663516251 _:b663516250 . _:b665862406 . _:b663515679 "100.0"^^ . _:b665862437 . _:b665860588 . _:b663520894 . _:b665862407 . _:b663516226 _:b663516225 . _:b665862438 . _:b665862415 . _:b665860589 . _:b663516227 _:b663516226 . _:b663520895 . _:b666237914 _:b666237913 . _:b666237915 _:b666237918 . _:b665862439 . _:b666237912 _:b666237911 . _:b665860590 . _:b665860603 . _:b665862432 . _:b665860591 . _:b666237890 _:b666237892 . _:b665805674 . _:b665798037 "UMLS:C0009368"^^ . _:b665862968 "ncithesaurus:Rectum"^^ . _:b665862514 . _:b665862433 . _:b665860584 . _:b665862928 . _:b663516231 _:b663516230 . _:b663520890 . _:b665805675 . _:b665805431 "b is a relational quality = Def. for some independent continuants c, d and for some time t: b quality_of c at t & b quality_of d at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [057-001])"@en . _:b663914326 . _:b665862434 . _:b665860585 . _:b663520883 . . _:b665862435 . _:b665860586 . _:b666237889 _:b666237888 . _:b663516229 _:b663516228 . _:b665805673 . _:b665806410 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b665862460 . _:b665860587 . _:b665805678 . _:b665862461 . _:b665860580 . _:b663520886 . _:b666237894 _:b666237893 . _:b665798781 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b665805679 . _:b665862462 . _:b666237892 _:b666237891 . _:b665860581 . _:b663520887 . _:b666237895 _:b666237897 . _:b663516233 _:b663516232 . _:b665805676 . _:b665862463 . _:b665860582 . _:b665862704 . _:b663520872 . _:b665805677 . _:b665862456 . _:b665860583 . _:b665862711 . _:b663516235 _:b663516234 . _:b663516232 _:b663516231 . _:b665862457 . _:b665860576 . _:b666237897 _:b666237896 . _:b663516287 _:b663516290 . _:b663516236 _:b663516235 . _:b663520874 . _:b665805616 "UMLS:C0034896"^^ . _:b665862523 . _:b665862458 . _:b665860577 . _:b665862705 . _:b663520867 . _:b666237899 _:b666237898 . _:b665862459 . _:b665860578 . _:b666237900 _:b666237902 . _:b665862452 . _:b665860579 . _:b663516238 _:b663516237 . _:b665862453 . _:b665860604 . _:b663520878 . _:b665862454 . _:b666209509 . _:b665860605 . _:b665862786 . _:b663520879 . _:b663516201 _:b663516200 . _:b665862455 . _:b665860606 . _:b665862785 . _:b665805309 . _:b666237902 _:b666237901 . _:b663516202 _:b663516201 . _:b666237948 _:b666237947 . _:b665862448 . _:b665860607 . _:b666237949 _:b666237948 . _:b663516203 _:b663516202 . _:b663520873 . _:b663913302 "A one-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is extended. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [103-001])"@en . _:b665862449 . _:b665860600 . _:b665862912 . _:b663516204 _:b663516203 . _:b665805356 "(forall (r) (if (TemporalRegion r) (occupiesTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [119-002] " . _:b663520866 . _:b663516205 _:b663516204 . _:b666237951 _:b666237950 . _:b665862450 . _:b665860601 . _:b665862713 . _:b665805304 . _:b663914297 . _:b665862451 . _:b665862500 . _:b665860602 . _:b663520868 . _:b663521009 "2012-08-14"^^ . _:b663520270 . _:b665862348 . _:b665860603 . _:b663516021 "The last portion of the digestive system, it extracts water and salt from solid wastes before they are eliminated from the body.[AAO]"^^ . _:b663520877 . _:b663516192 _:b663516195 . _:b665862349 . _:b665860596 . _:b666237945 _:b666237944 . _:b665862350 . _:b665860597 . _:b663516195 _:b663516194 . _:b663520871 . _:b666237946 _:b666237949 . _:b665862351 . _:b665860598 . _:b663520856 . _:b666209665 "ISBN:0815318960"^^ . _:b666237943 _:b666237942 . _:b665862344 . _:b665862505 . _:b665860599 . _:b665862921 . _:b663516194 _:b663516193 . _:b663520857 . _:b665862345 . _:b666237936 _:b666237935 . _:b665862698 . _:b665860592 . _:b666238510 . _:b665862688 . _:b665862215 "cjm"^^ . _:b663520858 . _:b666237942 _:b666237941 . _:b663520982 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b666237940 _:b666237939 . _:b665862346 . _:b665860593 . _:b663520859 . _:b663520851 . _:b665805680 . _:b665862347 . _:b665862696 . _:b665860594 . _:b663520860 . _:b665862340 . _:b665862697 . _:b665860595 . _:b663520861 . _:b666237939 _:b666237938 . _:b665862341 . _:b665862694 . _:b665862510 . _:b665860492 . _:b665862700 . _:b663516220 _:b663516219 . _:b665805299 . _:b663516887 . _:b665862342 . _:b665862695 . _:b665860493 . _:b665862699 . _:b663520863 . _:b665862343 . _:b665862480 . _:b665860494 . _:b666237937 _:b666237940 . _:b663516223 _:b663516222 . _:b663520848 . _:b665862336 . _:b665862693 . _:b665860495 . _:b663520849 . _:b665805294 . _:b663516222 _:b663516221 . _:b666237928 _:b666237931 . _:b665862337 . _:b665860488 . _:b665806362 "ncithesaurus:Rectum"^^ . _:b665860633 . _:b663520850 . _:b663516216 _:b663516220 . _:b665862338 . _:b665860489 . _:b666237930 _:b666237929 . _:b666237931 _:b666237930 . _:b665862339 . _:b665860490 . _:b665798513 . _:b663520852 . _:b663516218 _:b663516217 . _:b665862485 . _:b665862364 . _:b665860491 . _:b666237933 _:b666237932 . _:b663516219 _:b663516218 . _:b665798514 . _:b663520853 . _:b665862365 . _:b665860484 . _:b665862676 . _:b663516215 _:b663516214 . _:b663520862 . _:b665862366 . _:b665860485 . _:b665862675 . _:b663516214 _:b663516213 . _:b665862367 . _:b665860486 . _:b665862678 . _:b666237934 _:b666237933 . _:b663516213 _:b663516212 . _:b665862360 . _:b665860487 . _:b663520841 . _:b666237922 _:b666237921 . _:b665862361 . _:b665862490 . _:b665860480 . _:b665806515 . _:b665862362 . _:b665860481 . _:b663516211 _:b663516215 . _:b665862363 . _:b665860482 . _:b666237921 _:b666237920 . _:b663520844 . _:b663520836 . _:b666237927 _:b666237926 . _:b663515694 "100.0"^^ . _:b665862356 . _:b665860483 . _:b665862677 . _:b663520298 . _:b663520845 . _:b663914243 . _:b665862357 . _:b665860508 . _:b665862040 "(iff (TwoDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [033-001] " . _:b663913371 . _:b663520846 . _:b665862358 . _:b666237924 _:b666237923 . _:b665862495 . _:b665860509 . _:b666237925 _:b666237924 . _:b663520847 . _:b665862359 . _:b665860510 . _:b663520832 . _:b663520840 . _:b665862352 . _:b665860511 . _:b663520833 . _:b665862353 . _:b665860504 . _:b665862686 . _:b663516571 . _:b663520834 . _:b665862354 . _:b665860505 . _:b665862687 . _:b663516165 _:b663516164 . _:b663516174 _:b663516177 . _:b663520835 . _:b663516166 _:b663516165 . _:b665862355 . _:b663516803 "ISBN:0815318960"^^ . _:b663515689 "100.0"^^ . _:b665860506 . _:b665862380 . _:b665860507 . _:b663520837 . _:b665862381 . _:b665860500 . _:b663515684 "100.0"^^ . _:b665862382 . _:b665860501 . _:b665862383 . _:b665860502 . _:b663520952 . _:b663520944 . _:b663914268 . _:b663520466 . _:b665862376 . _:b665860503 . _:b663520953 . _:b663913352 . _:b665862377 . _:b665860496 . _:b663520954 . _:b665862378 . _:b665860497 . _:b663516739 "MA"^^ . _:b663520955 . _:b663516163 _:b663516166 . _:b663520471 . _:b665862379 . _:b665860498 . _:b665861489 "blindgut"^^ . _:b665862372 . _:b665860499 . _:b665862240 "cjm"^^ . _:b665798541 "b is an object aggregate means: b is a material entity consisting exactly of a plurality of objects as member_parts at all times at which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [025-004])"@en . _:b666209438 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathogenic_bacteria" . _:b663520469 . _:b665862373 . _:b665860524 . _:b665862374 . _:b665860525 . _:b663516181 _:b663516180 . _:b666238938 . _:b663516182 _:b663516181 . _:b665862375 . _:b663520475 . _:b665860526 . _:b665862269 "cjm"^^ . _:b663516186 _:b663516189 . _:b665806474 . _:b663516176 _:b663516175 . _:b665862577 . _:b665862368 . _:b665860527 . _:b663520945 . _:b665862369 . _:b665860520 . _:b665863120 . _:b665862370 . _:b665860521 . _:b665862371 . _:b665860522 . _:b665863126 . _:b663520948 . _:b663520478 . _:b665862396 . _:b665860523 . _:b663520949 . _:b666209632 "ncithesaurus:Colon"^^ . _:b663516177 _:b663516176 . _:b665862397 . _:b665860516 . _:b663520950 . _:b663516189 _:b663516188 . _:b665862398 . _:b665862887 . _:b665860517 . _:b663520951 . _:b663516179 _:b663516182 . _:b665862399 . _:b665860518 . _:b663520936 . _:b666208938 "the portion of the small intestine that extends from the jejunum to the colon"^^ . _:b665862392 . _:b665860519 . _:b663516188 _:b663516187 . _:b665862586 . _:b665862393 . _:b665860512 . _:b665862768 . _:b663520938 . _:b665862394 . _:b665860513 . _:b665862775 . _:b665862395 . _:b665860514 . _:b665863134 . _:b665862388 . _:b665860515 . _:b663520941 . _:b663520453 . _:b665862389 . _:b665860540 . _:b665862780 . _:b663516375 _:b663516374 . _:b663520942 . _:b665861979 "b is a disposition means: b is a realizable entity & b\u2019s bearer is some material entity & b is such that if it ceases to exist, then its bearer is physically changed, & b\u2019s realization occurs when and because this bearer is in some special physical circumstances, & this realization occurs in virtue of the bearer\u2019s physical make-up. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [062-002])"@en . _:b665862390 . _:b665860541 . _:b665861540 "upper intestine"^^ . _:b663516368 _:b663516367 . _:b663520943 . _:b663516374 _:b663516373 . _:b665862391 . _:b665860542 . _:b663519968 "(forall (x t) (if (IndependentContinuant x) (exists (r) (and (SpatialRegion r) (locatedInAt x r t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [134-001] " . _:b663516372 _:b663516375 . _:b663520928 . _:b663520458 . _:b665862384 . _:b665860543 . _:b663520929 . _:b663520937 . _:b665862385 . _:b665860536 . _:b665863104 . _:b665862386 . _:b665860537 . _:b665862777 . _:b663516371 _:b663516370 . _:b665862387 . _:b665860538 . _:b663520932 . _:b665862888 . _:b663520005 "A zero-dimensional spatial region is a point in space. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [037-001])"@en . _:b663516381 _:b663516385 . _:b665862284 . _:b663520462 . _:b665860539 . _:b665863109 . _:b663520933 . _:b666238451 "ISBN:978-0521617147 Stevens CE and Hume ID, Comparative physiology of the vertebrate digestive system (2004) p.11"^^ . _:b663516369 _:b663516368 . _:b665862285 . _:b663520722 "Temporal region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of a temporal instant and a temporal interval that doesn't overlap the instant. In this case the resultant temporal region is neither 0-dimensional nor 1-dimensional"@en . _:b665860532 . _:b663516380 _:b663516379 . _:b666209585 . _:b663520934 . _:b665862286 . _:b665860533 . _:b665863115 . _:b665862757 . _:b663520935 . _:b666238205 . _:b663520499 . _:b665862568 . _:b665862287 . _:b665860534 . _:b663516383 _:b663516382 . _:b665862280 . _:b665860535 . _:b665862281 . _:b665860528 . _:b663520496 . _:b665862282 . _:b665860529 . _:b665862753 . _:b663520923 . _:b663516377 _:b663516376 . _:b665862283 . _:b665860530 . _:b663520924 . _:b663520916 . _:b663516378 _:b663516377 . _:b665862897 . _:b665862276 . _:b665860531 . _:b665862755 . _:b665797838 "url:https://www.foodsafety.gov/poisoning/causes/bacteriaviruses/salmonella" . _:b663520501 . _:b665862277 . _:b665860428 . _:b665862147 "cjm"^^ . _:b663913424 "BTO:0000706"^^ . _:b663516354 _:b663516357 . _:b665862278 . _:b665860429 . _:b665798091 "ncithesaurus:Ileum"^^ . _:b665862279 . _:b665860430 . _:b665862766 . _:b665797736 "(forall (x) (iff (Occurrent x) (and (Entity x) (exists (y) (temporalPartOf y x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [079-001] " . _:b663520506 . _:b665862272 . _:b665860431 . _:b663516353 _:b663516352 . _:b665862273 . _:b665860424 . _:b665862760 . _:b663516359 _:b663516358 . _:b663520922 . _:b663520504 . _:b665862274 . _:b665860425 . _:b666238551 . _:b663520511 . _:b665862275 . _:b665860426 . _:b663516356 _:b663516355 . _:b663516357 _:b663516356 . _:b663914065 "b is a relational quality = Def. for some independent continuants c, d and for some time t: b quality_of c at t & b quality_of d at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [057-001])"@en . _:b665862300 . _:b665860427 . _:b665863157 . _:b663520917 . _:b663520509 . _:b665862550 . _:b665862301 . _:b665860420 . _:b663520918 . _:b665862302 . _:b665860421 . _:b665863163 . _:b663516458 "if b is a material entity, then there is some temporal interval (referred to below as a one-dimensional temporal region) during which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [011-002])"@en . _:b663520927 . _:b665862303 . _:b665860422 . _:b665862742 . _:b663516362 _:b663516361 . _:b665862296 . _:b665860423 . _:b663516363 _:b663516366 . _:b663516360 _:b663516359 . _:b665862297 . _:b665860416 . _:b663516365 _:b663516364 . _:b663520480 . _:b665862298 . _:b665860417 . _:b663520907 . _:b663520487 . _:b665862299 . _:b665860418 . _:b665862740 . _:b663520908 . _:b665862292 . _:b665860419 . _:b663520909 . _:b663516366 _:b663516365 . _:b665862293 . _:b665860444 . _:b663520910 . _:b663516413 _:b663516412 . _:b663520484 . _:b665862559 . _:b665862294 . _:b665860445 . _:b665862295 . _:b665860446 . _:b663520896 . _:b666209579 . _:b665862288 . _:b665860447 . _:b665862751 . _:b663520897 . _:b663516414 _:b663516413 . _:b665862289 . _:b663520489 . _:b665860440 . _:b665862744 . _:b663520898 . _:b665862290 . _:b665860441 . _:b666208867 "WP"^^ . _:b663520899 . _:b665862291 . _:b665862532 . _:b665860442 . _:b665862748 . _:b665862746 . _:b663520900 . _:b665862316 . _:b665860443 . _:b665862749 . _:b663516411 _:b663516414 . _:b663520901 . _:b663520493 . _:b665862317 . _:b665860436 . _:b665862318 . _:b665860437 . _:b665862725 . _:b663913511 "ncithesaurus:Cecum"^^ . _:b665862319 . _:b665860438 . _:b665862312 . _:b665860439 . _:b665863145 . _:b665798184 . _:b665862313 . _:b665860432 . _:b663521018 . _:b663516402 _:b663516401 . _:b665862314 . _:b665860433 . _:b663521019 . _:b665862088 . _:b665861969 "Each spatiotemporal region at any time t projects_onto some spatial region at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [099-001])"@en . _:b665862315 . _:b665860434 . _:b665863150 . _:b663521020 . _:b663520406 . _:b665862541 . _:b665862308 . _:b665860435 . _:b663516400 _:b663516402 . _:b663521021 . _:b665862309 . _:b665860460 . _:b663521022 . _:b665797755 "A two-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of two dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [039-001])"@en . _:b663521014 . _:b665862310 . _:b665860461 . _:b665863059 . _:b665862733 . _:b665862311 . _:b665860462 . _:b663516394 _:b663516393 . _:b665862304 . _:b665860463 . _:b665862735 . _:b663516395 _:b663516399 . _:b663516392 _:b663516391 . _:b665862305 . _:b665862642 . _:b665860456 . _:b663516397 _:b663516396 . _:b665798910 . _:b665862306 . _:b665860457 . _:b665862729 . _:b665798911 . _:b663516384 _:b663516383 . _:b665798908 . _:b665798909 . . _:b665862307 . _:b665798906 . _:b665860458 . _:b665798907 . _:b663516399 _:b663516398 . _:b663521012 . _:b665798904 . _:b665798905 . _:b665798902 . _:b665862332 . _:b665860459 . _:b665798903 . _:b663521013 . _:b665798900 . _:b665798901 . _:b666238270 . _:b663516398 _:b663516397 . _:b665862333 . _:b665798898 . _:b665860452 . _:b665798899 . _:b665798896 . _:b665798897 . _:b665798894 . _:b665862334 . _:b665860453 . _:b665798895 . _:b663516387 _:b663516386 . _:b663521015 . _:b666238444 "intestinum jejunum"^^ . _:b665798892 . _:b663521023 . _:b665798893 . _:b663520387 . _:b665862335 . _:b665798890 . _:b665860454 . _:b665798891 . _:b665798888 . _:b665798889 . _:b665798886 . _:b665862328 . _:b665860799 "The first two fifth of the small intestine beyond the duodenum. It extends from the end of the duodenum to the ileum. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665860455 . _:b665863065 . _:b665798887 . _:b665798884 . _:b663516385 _:b663516384 . _:b665798885 . _:b665798882 . _:b665862329 . _:b665860448 . _:b665798883 . _:b663516391 _:b663516390 . _:b663521002 . _:b665798880 . _:b665798881 . _:b665798878 . _:b665862330 . _:b665860449 . _:b665798879 . _:b663521003 . _:b665798876 . _:b665798877 . _:b665798874 . _:b665862331 . _:b665860450 . _:b665863070 . _:b665862193 "cjm"^^ . _:b665798875 . _:b663516388 _:b663516387 . _:b665798872 . _:b663516389 _:b663516388 . _:b665798873 . _:b665798870 . _:b665862324 . _:b665860451 . _:b665862192 "cjm"^^ . _:b665798871 . _:b665798868 . _:b665798869 . _:b665798866 . _:b665862325 . _:b665860476 . _:b665798867 . _:b663521006 . _:b665798864 . _:b665798865 . _:b663516290 _:b663516289 . _:b665862326 . _:b665798862 . _:b665860477 . _:b665798863 . _:b663516291 _:b663516294 . _:b665798860 . _:b665798861 . _:b665798858 . _:b665862327 . _:b665860478 . _:b665798859 . _:b665798856 . _:b665798857 . _:b665798854 . _:b665862320 . _:b665860479 . _:b665798855 . _:b665798852 . _:b663516289 _:b663516288 . _:b665798853 . _:b665805628 "blind intestine"^^ . _:b665862321 . _:b665798850 . _:b665860472 . _:b665798851 . _:b665798848 . _:b665798849 . _:b663520392 . _:b665862322 . _:b665798846 . _:b665860473 . _:b665798847 . _:b665798844 . _:b665798845 . _:b666209333 "For any independent continuant b and any time t there is some spatial region r such that b is located_in r at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [134-001])"@en . _:b663516294 _:b663516293 . _:b665862323 . _:b665798842 . _:b663520742 "(iff (Process a) (and (Occurrent a) (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)) (exists (c t) (and (MaterialEntity c) (specificallyDependsOnAt a c t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [083-003] " . _:b665798843 . _:b665860474 . _:b665860512 "ISBN:978-3-938793-98-5pp124-158#Thomas Bittner and Barry Smith, 'A Theory of Granular Partitions', in K. Munn and B. Smith (eds.), Applied Ontology: An Introduction, Frankfurt/Lancaster: ontos, 2008, 125-158." . _:b665798840 . _:b663516293 _:b663516292 . _:b665798841 . _:b663520398 . _:b665862220 . _:b665798838 . _:b665860475 . _:b665798839 . _:b665798836 . _:b665798837 . _:b665798834 . _:b665862221 . _:b665860468 . _:b665798835 . _:b665798832 . _:b665798833 . _:b665798830 . _:b665862222 . _:b665860469 . _:b665798831 . _:b665798828 . _:b666238397 "ISBN:978-0521617147 Stevens CE and Hume ID, Comparative physiology of the vertebrate digestive system (2004) p.11"^^ . _:b663516297 _:b663516296 . _:b665798829 . _:b663520435 . _:b665862223 . _:b665798826 . _:b665860470 . _:b665798827 . _:b665798824 . _:b665798825 . _:b665798822 . _:b665862216 . _:b665860471 . _:b665798823 . _:b663516299 _:b663516298 . _:b663516296 _:b663516295 . _:b665798820 . _:b663516162 . _:b665798821 . _:b665798818 . _:b665862634 . _:b665862217 . _:b665860464 . _:b665798819 . _:b663516300 _:b663516303 . _:b665798816 . _:b665798817 . _:b665798814 . _:b665862218 . _:b665860465 . _:b665798815 . _:b665798812 . _:b665798813 . _:b665798810 . _:b665862219 . _:b665860466 . _:b665863054 . _:b665798811 . _:b663516303 _:b663516302 . _:b663520988 . _:b665862805 "url:http://www2.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/mwmednlm?book=Medical&va=anatomic" . _:b665798808 . _:b663516161 . _:b665798809 . _:b665798806 . _:b665862212 . _:b665860467 . _:b665798807 . _:b665798804 . _:b665798805 . _:b663516302 _:b663516301 . _:b665862638 . _:b665862213 . _:b665798802 . _:b665860364 . _:b665798803 . _:b663516311 _:b663516310 . _:b663520990 . _:b665798800 . _:b663516309 _:b663516312 . _:b665862969 "intestinum rectum"^^ . _:b665861169 . _:b665798801 . _:b665798798 . _:b665862214 . _:b665860365 . _:b665798799 . _:b665798796 . _:b665798797 . _:b665798794 . _:b665862215 . _:b665860366 . _:b665863090 . _:b665798795 . _:b663516308 _:b663516307 . _:b665798792 . _:b663520976 . _:b665798793 . _:b665798790 . _:b665862208 . _:b665860367 . _:b665798791 . _:b663520977 . _:b665798788 . _:b665798789 . _:b665861164 . _:b663520441 . _:b665862209 . _:b665798786 . _:b665860360 . _:b665798787 . _:b663520978 . _:b665798784 . _:b665798785 . _:b666208882 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b663516306 _:b663516305 . _:b665862210 . _:b665798782 . _:b665860361 . _:b665798783 . _:b665798780 . _:b665798781 . _:b663516318 _:b663516321 . _:b665862211 . _:b665798778 . _:b665860362 . _:b665798779 . _:b665798776 . _:b665798777 . _:b665798774 . _:b665862236 . _:b665860363 . _:b665798775 . _:b663520981 . _:b665798772 . _:b663516305 _:b663516304 . _:b665798773 . _:b665798770 . _:b665862237 . _:b665860356 . _:b665798771 . _:b665798768 . _:b663516317 _:b663516316 . _:b665798769 . _:b665798766 . _:b665862238 . _:b665860357 . _:b665798767 . _:b663520983 . _:b665798764 . _:b665798765 . _:b665798762 . _:b665862239 . _:b665860358 . _:b665798763 . _:b663520968 . _:b665798760 . _:b663515896 . _:b665861159 . _:b665798761 . _:b665798758 . _:b665862232 . _:b665860359 . _:b665798759 . _:b663520969 . _:b665798592 "url:http://www.health.state.ny.us/diseases/communicable/campylobacteriosis/fact_sheet.htm" . _:b665798756 . _:b665798757 . _:b663520417 . _:b665862618 . _:b665862233 . _:b665798754 . _:b665860352 . _:b665798755 . _:b663516415 _:b663516418 . _:b663520970 . _:b665798752 . _:b665806365 "EHDAA2"^^ . _:b665798753 . _:b665798750 . _:b665862234 . _:b665860353 . _:b665798751 . _:b665798748 . _:b665798749 . _:b665861154 . _:b665798746 . _:b665862235 . _:b665860354 . _:b665798747 . _:b665798744 . _:b665798745 . _:b663516314 _:b663516313 . _:b665862228 . _:b665798742 . _:b663520422 . _:b665860355 . _:b665798743 . _:b663516315 _:b663516314 . _:b663516312 _:b663516311 . _:b665798740 . _:b665798741 . _:b665798738 . _:b665862229 . _:b665860380 . _:b665798739 . _:b665798736 . _:b665798737 . _:b665798734 . _:b665862623 . _:b665862230 . _:b665860381 . _:b665798735 . _:b665798732 . _:b663516329 _:b663516328 . _:b665798733 . _:b665798730 . _:b665862231 . _:b665860382 . _:b665798731 . _:b665798728 . _:b665798729 . _:b663516330 _:b663516329 . _:b665862224 . _:b665798726 . _:b665860383 . _:b665860885 "GO:0060465"^^ . _:b665798727 . _:b665798724 . _:b665798725 . _:b665798722 . _:b665862225 . _:b665860376 . _:b665798723 . _:b665798593 . _:b663516332 _:b663516331 . _:b665798720 . _:b663516333 _:b663516332 . _:b665798721 . _:b665798718 . _:b665862595 . _:b665862226 . _:b665860377 . _:b665798719 . _:b663516320 _:b663516319 . _:b665798716 . _:b665798717 . _:b665798714 . _:b665862227 . _:b665860378 . _:b665798715 . _:b663516335 _:b663516334 . _:b665798712 . _:b665798713 . _:b665798710 . _:b665862252 . _:b665860379 . _:b665861495 "FMA"^^ . _:b665798711 . _:b663516187 . _:b663520965 . _:b665798708 . _:b665798709 . _:b665862713 . _:b663520429 . _:b665862253 . _:b665798706 . _:b665860372 . _:b665862788 . _:b665798707 . _:b663520966 . _:b665798704 . _:b665805404 "(forall (x) (if (Site x) (ImmaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [034-002] " . _:b665798705 . . _:b665862254 . _:b665798702 . _:b665860373 . _:b665863083 . _:b665862787 . _:b665798703 . _:b663516323 _:b663516322 . _:b663520967 . _:b665798700 . _:b665798701 . _:b665862715 . _:b665798698 . _:b665862255 . _:b665860374 . _:b665862790 . _:b665798699 . . _:b665798696 . _:b663520031 "(iff (GenericallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (exists (b t) (genericallyDependsOnAt a b t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [074-001] " . _:b665862714 . _:b665798697 . _:b665798694 . _:b666208611 "(forall (r) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [107-002] " . _:b665862248 . _:b665860375 . _:b665798695 . _:b665798692 . _:b663516321 _:b663516320 . _:b665862717 . _:b665798693 . _:b665798690 . _:b665862249 . _:b665860368 . _:b665798691 . _:b665798688 . _:b665798689 . _:b665862716 . _:b665798686 . _:b665862250 . _:b665860369 . _:b665862785 . _:b665862390 . _:b665798687 . _:b665798684 . _:b665798685 . _:b665862719 . _:b663516326 _:b663516325 . _:b665862604 . _:b665862251 . _:b665798682 . _:b665860370 . _:b665798683 . _:b663516327 _:b663516330 . _:b663516324 _:b663516323 . _:b665798680 . _:b665798681 . _:b665862718 . _:b665798678 . _:b665862244 . _:b665860371 . _:b665798679 . _:b665798676 . _:b665798677 . _:b665798674 . _:b665862245 . _:b665860396 . _:b665798675 . _:b663516348 _:b663516347 . _:b665798672 . _:b665798673 . _:b665798670 . _:b665862246 . _:b665860397 . _:b665798671 . _:b665798668 . _:b665798669 . _:b666238952 . _:b665798666 . _:b665862247 . _:b665860398 . _:b665862387 . _:b665798667 . _:b663516351 _:b663516350 . _:b665798664 . _:b666238965 . _:b665798665 . _:b666238873 "(forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (TemporalRegion y) (temporallyProjectsOnto x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [098-001] " . _:b665862201 . _:b665798662 . _:b665862240 . _:b665860399 . _:b665798663 . _:b663515708 . _:b665798660 . _:b665798661 . _:b666238958 . _:b665862202 . _:b663516350 _:b663516349 . _:b665862241 . _:b665798658 . _:b665860392 . _:b665862792 . _:b665798659 . _:b663515709 . _:b665798656 . _:b665805453 "A disease that manifests in a defined anatomical structure." . _:b665798657 . _:b665862203 . _:b665862242 . _:b665860393 . _:b663515710 . _:b663516345 _:b663516348 . _:b665862204 . _:b665862243 . _:b665860394 . _:b663515711 . _:b663913503 "The terminal portion of the large intestine between the ileo-pelvic colon and the anus. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665862205 . _:b665862268 . _:b665860395 . _:b663516347 _:b663516346 . _:b663516344 _:b663516343 . _:b665862206 . _:b666238962 . _:b665862269 . _:b665860388 . _:b665797846 "A primary bacterial infectious disease that results_in infection located_in intestine, has_material_basis_in Campylobacter jejuni, which is transmitted_by ingestion of contaminated food or water or transmitted_by contact with infected people or animals. The infection has_symptom diarrhea or has_symptom dysentery, has_symptom abdominal cramps and pain, and has_symptom fever." . _:b665862270 . _:b665860389 . _:b663515706 . _:b663914050 "A material entity is an independent continuant that has some portion of matter as proper or improper continuant part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [019-002])"@en . _:b663516342 _:b663516341 . _:b665862271 . _:b665860390 . . _:b663520214 "It appears that the stomach has an ancient origin. The stomach first appears in the fish lineage. The prevertebrate chordates do not have a true stomach, whereas the cartilaginous and bony fish do. Although most fish do have a true stomach, some fish species appear to have lost the stomach secondarily. The remaining vertebrate lineages do have a true stomach (at least in the adult animal), although there is great variation in the size and shape of the stomach.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663515707 . _:b663516341 _:b663516340 . _:b665862264 . _:b665860391 . _:b665862265 . _:b665862733 . _:b665860384 . _:b663516338 _:b663516337 . _:b665862266 . _:b665860385 . _:b663516339 _:b663516338 . _:b665862267 . _:b665860386 . _:b663521185 "To say that spatiotemporal region s spatially_projects_onto spatial region r at t is to say that r is the spatial extent of s at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [081-003])"@en . _:b663913423 "UMLS:C0021851"^^ . _:b665862734 . _:b665862260 . _:b665860387 . _:b663516336 _:b663516339 . _:b665862721 . _:b665862261 . _:b665860412 . _:b663515864 _:b663515868 . _:b665862720 . _:b665862262 . _:b665860413 . _:b663515856 _:b663515855 . _:b663914076 "url:https://www.foodsafety.gov/poisoning/causes/bacteriaviruses/salmonella" . _:b665862184 . _:b665862263 . _:b665860414 . _:b665862185 . _:b665862722 . _:b665862256 . _:b665860415 . _:b665862186 . _:b665862257 . _:b665860408 . _:b665862187 . _:b665862258 . _:b665860409 . _:b665862188 . _:b665862180 . _:b665862259 . _:b665860410 . _:b665806180 "(iff (TwoDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [033-001] " . _:b665862189 . _:b665862156 . _:b665860411 . _:b663515844 _:b663515845 . _:b665862190 . . _:b665862157 . _:b665805544 . _:b665860404 . _:b663515868 _:b663515867 . _:b665862191 . _:b665805545 . _:b665862158 . _:b665860405 . _:b665862159 . _:b665860406 . _:b665862177 . _:b665862152 . _:b665860407 . _:b663515868 _:b663515865 . _:b665862178 . _:b665862153 . _:b665860400 . _:b663515867 _:b663515866 . _:b665862179 . _:b665805541 . _:b665862154 . _:b665860401 . _:b663515840 _:b663515839 . _:b665805542 . _:b665862155 . _:b665860402 . _:b666238933 "(iff (ProcessProfile a) (exists (b) (and (Process b) (processProfileOf a b)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [093-002] " . _:b665862181 . _:b665805543 . _:b665862148 . _:b665860403 . . _:b665862149 . _:b665860300 . . _:b665862150 . _:b665860301 . _:b665797732 "An occurrent is an entity that unfolds itself in time or it is the instantaneous boundary of such an entity (for example a beginning or an ending) or it is a temporal or spatiotemporal region which such an entity occupies_temporal_region or occupies_spatiotemporal_region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [077-002])"@en . _:b665862168 . _:b665862151 . _:b665860302 . _:b665862169 . _:b665862144 . _:b665860303 . _:b665862170 . _:b665862145 . _:b665860296 . _:b665862171 . _:b665862146 . _:b665862163 . _:b665860297 . _:b663515849 _:b663515852 . _:b665862172 . _:b665862147 . _:b665860298 . _:b663515853 _:b663515856 . _:b665862172 . _:b665860299 . _:b665862174 . _:b665862173 . _:b665860292 . _:b663515869 _:b663515870 . _:b663515851 _:b663515850 . _:b665862174 . _:b665860293 . _:b663516624 . _:b665862160 . _:b666208921 "NCBITaxon:32443"^^ . _:b665862175 . _:b665860294 . _:b665862762 . _:b665862168 . _:b665860295 . _:b665862763 . _:b665862169 . _:b665860288 . _:b663515852 _:b663515851 . _:b665862764 . _:b665862170 . _:b665860289 . _:b663515648 _:b663515647 . _:b665862765 . _:b663515855 _:b663515854 . _:b665863135 . _:b665862766 . _:b665862164 . _:b665862171 . _:b665860290 . _:b665862165 . _:b665862767 . _:b665862164 . _:b665862173 . _:b665860291 . _:b665862165 . _:b665860316 . _:b666238826 . _:b665860743 "blindgut"^^ . _:b663515890 _:b663515894 . _:b665862166 . _:b665860317 . _:b665862753 . _:b665862167 . _:b665860318 . _:b665862754 . _:b665862153 . _:b665862160 . _:b665860319 . _:b665862154 . _:b665862161 . _:b665860312 . _:b665862162 . _:b665860313 . _:b665862163 . _:b665860314 . _:b663515897 _:b663515896 . _:b663515895 _:b663515898 . _:b663515898 _:b663515897 . _:b665862188 . _:b665860315 . _:b665798964 . _:b665798965 . _:b665798962 . _:b665862189 . _:b665860308 . _:b665798963 . _:b665798960 . _:b665798961 . _:b665862159 . _:b663515893 _:b663515891 . _:b666239009 . _:b665862190 . _:b665798958 . _:b663515874 _:b663515875 . _:b665860309 . _:b665798959 . _:b665798956 . _:b665798957 . _:b665862144 . _:b663515894 _:b663515893 . _:b665862191 . _:b665862152 . _:b665798954 . _:b665860310 . _:b665798955 . _:b665798952 . _:b665798953 . _:b665862145 . _:b663515888 _:b663515887 . _:b665862184 . _:b665798950 . _:b665860311 . _:b665798951 . _:b665798948 . _:b665798949 . _:b665862146 . _:b665798946 . _:b666239303 . _:b665862185 . _:b665860304 . _:b665798947 . _:b665798944 . _:b665798945 . _:b665798942 . _:b665862186 . _:b665860305 . _:b665798943 . _:b665798940 . _:b665798941 . _:b665798938 . _:b665862187 . _:b665860306 . _:b665798939 . _:b665798936 . _:b665798937 . _:b665798934 . _:b666239300 . _:b665862180 . _:b665860307 . _:b665798935 . _:b663515879 _:b663515880 . _:b665798932 . _:b663515889 _:b663515888 . _:b665798933 . _:b665798930 . _:b665862181 . _:b665862158 . _:b665860332 . _:b665798931 . _:b665798928 . _:b665798929 . _:b666238513 . _:b665798926 . _:b665862182 . _:b665860333 . _:b665798927 . _:b663515882 _:b663515881 . _:b665798924 . _:b665798925 . _:b665862264 . _:b665798922 . _:b665862183 . _:b665860334 . _:b665798923 . _:b665806429 . _:b665798920 . _:b665798921 . _:b665862265 . _:b665798918 . _:b665862176 . _:b665860335 . _:b665862673 . _:b665798919 . _:b663515883 _:b663515882 . _:b665806430 . _:b665798916 . _:b663515772 . _:b665798917 . _:b666238516 . _:b665862266 . _:b665798914 . _:b665862177 . _:b665860328 . _:b665798915 . _:b665806431 . _:b665798912 . _:b663515773 . _:b665798913 . _:b666238517 . _:b665862267 . _:b665862178 . _:b665862259 . _:b665860329 . _:b663521044 . _:b663515774 . _:b663515875 _:b663515878 . _:b665862268 . _:b665862179 . _:b665860330 . _:b663515775 . _:b665862204 . _:b665860331 . _:b663515768 . _:b665862205 . _:b665860324 . _:b663515658 . _:b663515769 . _:b665862206 . _:b665860325 . _:b663515770 . _:b665862256 . _:b665862207 . _:b665860326 . _:b666238519 . _:b663515771 . _:b665862257 . _:b665862200 . _:b665860327 . _:b663515764 . _:b665798143 "A proximal-distal subdivision of the digestive tract."^^ . _:b665862258 . _:b666238508 . _:b665862201 . _:b665860320 . _:b663515891 _:b663515892 . _:b663515765 . _:b665862202 . _:b665860321 . _:b663515877 _:b663515876 . _:b663515886 _:b663515889 . _:b663515766 . _:b665862260 . _:b663515878 _:b663515877 . _:b665862203 . _:b663515880 _:b663515883 . _:b665860322 . _:b663515767 . _:b666238511 . _:b665798089 "the portion of the small intestine that extends from the jejunum to the colon"^^ . _:b666238479 . _:b665862196 . _:b665860323 . _:b663515760 . _:b665862197 . _:b665860348 . _:b663515761 . _:b665862263 . _:b665862198 . _:b665860349 . _:b665862659 . _:b665862121 . _:b663515762 . _:b665862248 . _:b665862199 . _:b666238498 . _:b665860350 . _:b663515763 . _:b665862249 . _:b665862192 . _:b666238499 . _:b665860351 . _:b663515756 . _:b663515712 "if b is a material entity, then there is some temporal interval (referred to below as a one-dimensional temporal region) during which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [011-002])"@en . _:b665862193 . _:b665860344 . _:b663515757 . _:b665862251 . _:b665862194 . _:b666238501 . _:b665860345 . _:b666238522 . _:b665797795 "b is an object aggregate means: b is a material entity consisting exactly of a plurality of objects as member_parts at all times at which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [025-004])"@en . _:b663515758 . _:b666238502 . _:b665862195 . _:b665860346 . _:b663515759 . _:b666238503 . _:b663516653 . _:b665863116 . _:b665860347 . _:b663515752 . _:b665862254 . _:b665863117 . _:b665860340 . _:b663515753 . _:b665862412 . _:b665862255 . _:b665863118 . _:b665860341 . _:b665862667 . _:b663515754 . _:b666238490 . _:b665863119 . _:b665860342 . _:b663515755 . _:b665863112 . _:b665860343 . _:b663515748 . _:b665862242 . _:b665862250 . _:b665863113 . _:b665860336 . _:b665862664 . _:b663515749 . _:b665863114 . _:b666238493 . _:b665860337 . _:b665862117 . _:b665806432 . _:b663515750 . _:b665860519 . _:b665863115 . _:b666238494 . _:b665860338 . _:b665862670 . _:b665806433 . _:b663515722 "(forall (x) (if (Occurrent x) (exists (r) (and (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x r))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [108-001] " . _:b663515751 . _:b665863108 . _:b665860339 . _:b665806434 . _:b663515744 . _:b665863109 . . _:b665860236 . _:b665806435 . _:b663515745 . _:b663515903 _:b663515906 . _:b665863110 . _:b665860237 . _:b663515746 . _:b665863111 . _:b665860238 . _:b665806198 . _:b663515747 . _:b666238483 . _:b665863104 . _:b665860239 . _:b663515740 . _:b666238484 . _:b665863105 . _:b665860232 . _:b663515741 . _:b665863106 . _:b665860233 . _:b663515742 . _:b665798944 . _:b665863107 . _:b665860234 . _:b663515743 . _:b666238487 . _:b665863132 . _:b665860235 . _:b663515736 . _:b665862238 . _:b666238472 . _:b665863133 . _:b665860228 . _:b663515737 . _:b665806431 "VHOG:0000053"^^ . _:b666208919 "ISBN:0815318960"^^ . _:b665862239 . _:b665863134 . _:b665860229 . _:b663515738 . _:b665862224 . _:b666238474 . _:b665863135 . _:b665860230 . . _:b663520074 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campylobacteriosis" . _:b663515739 . _:b665863128 . _:b665860231 . _:b665862684 "(forall (x) (if (Continuant x) (Entity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [008-002] " . _:b663515732 . _:b665862226 . _:b665863129 . _:b665860224 . _:b663515733 . _:b666238477 . _:b665863130 . _:b665860225 . _:b666238482 . _:b663515734 . _:b666238478 . _:b663515941 . _:b665863131 . _:b665860226 . _:b663516815 "ncithesaurus:Jejunum"^^ . _:b663515735 . _:b663515942 . _:b665863124 . _:b665860227 . _:b663515677 . _:b663515728 . _:b665863125 . _:b665860252 . _:b663515729 . _:b665863126 . _:b665860253 . _:b663515730 . _:b665863127 . _:b665860254 . _:b663515837 _:b663515840 . _:b663515731 . _:b665863053 . _:b665862217 . _:b665863120 . _:b665860255 . _:b663515724 . _:b665863121 . _:b665860248 . _:b663515725 . _:b665862219 . _:b666238469 . _:b665863122 . _:b665860249 . _:b663914301 "ncithesaurus:Small_Intestine"^^ . _:b663515726 . _:b663516006 "ncithesaurus:Cecum"^^ . _:b665863123 . _:b665860250 . _:b663515727 . _:b665863148 . _:b665860251 . _:b663515720 . _:b665863149 . _:b665860244 . _:b663515721 . _:b665863150 . _:b665860245 . _:b663515722 . _:b665861348 . _:b665863151 . _:b665860246 . _:b663515723 . _:b665863144 . _:b665860247 . _:b663515716 . _:b665861405 "ncithesaurus:Intestine"^^ . _:b665863145 . _:b665860240 . _:b666209403 "(forall (x) (if (ProcessBoundary x) (exists (y) (and (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion y) (occupiesTemporalRegion x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [085-002] " . _:b663515717 . _:b663913332 . _:b666238567 . _:b665863146 . _:b665860241 . _:b663515718 . _:b665805331 "(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (hasContinuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [126-001] " . _:b665862212 . _:b665863147 . _:b665860242 . _:b663515719 . _:b665862213 . _:b665863140 . _:b665860243 . _:b663515712 . _:b665862214 . _:b666238570 . _:b665863141 . _:b665860268 . _:b663515826 _:b663515829 . _:b663515713 . _:b665863142 . _:b665860269 . _:b663515714 . _:b663515839 _:b663515838 . _:b665862328 . _:b665863143 . _:b665860270 . _:b665862866 . _:b665861294 "(iff (TwoDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [033-001] " . _:b663515715 . _:b665862329 . _:b665863136 . _:b665860271 . _:b663515836 . _:b665862330 . _:b665862322 . _:b665863137 . _:b665860264 . _:b665862331 . _:b665863138 . _:b665860265 . _:b665863056 . _:b665862332 . _:b665863139 . _:b665860266 . _:b665862333 . _:b665863164 . _:b665860267 . _:b665863058 . _:b663520059 "zero dimension continuant fiat boundaries are not spatial points. Considering the example 'the quadripoint where the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona meet' : There are many frames in which that point is zooming through many points in space. Whereas, no matter what the frame, the quadripoint is always in the same relation to the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona."@en . _:b665862334 . _:b665863165 . _:b665860260 . _:b663515833 . _:b665863166 . _:b665860261 . _:b663515834 . _:b663515828 _:b663515827 . _:b665863167 . _:b663516592 . _:b665860262 . _:b665862874 . _:b663515835 . _:b665863061 . _:b663515829 _:b663515828 . _:b665862321 . _:b665863160 . _:b665860263 . _:b665797935 . _:b665863161 . _:b665860256 . _:b665862323 . _:b665806426 "BTO:0000365"^^ . _:b665863162 . _:b665860257 . _:b663515830 . _:b663516760 "intestinum crassum cecum"^^ . _:b665806425 "BTO:0000365"^^ . _:b665863163 . _:b665860258 . _:b663520827 . _:b665798927 . _:b665863156 . _:b665860259 . _:b663515824 . _:b665862326 . _:b665863157 . _:b665860284 . _:b663515825 . _:b665862327 . _:b666238561 . _:b665862335 . _:b665863158 . _:b665860285 . _:b665862851 . _:b665862312 . _:b665863159 . _:b665860286 . _:b663913260 . _:b665860489 "(forall (x t) (if (and (RealizableEntity x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (specificallyDepends x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [063-002] " . _:b665863152 . _:b665860287 . _:b663515820 . _:b665862306 . _:b665863153 . _:b665860280 . _:b663515821 . _:b665862315 . _:b665863154 . _:b665860281 . _:b663515822 . _:b665862316 . _:b665863155 . _:b666238534 . _:b665860282 . _:b663515823 . _:b665863052 . _:b666238535 . _:b665860283 . _:b665805697 "intestinum ileum"^^ . _:b663515816 . _:b665862318 . _:b666238552 . _:b665863053 . _:b665863141 "diverticulum of gut"^^ . _:b665860276 . _:b663515817 . _:b665862311 . _:b665863054 . _:b665860277 . _:b663515818 . _:b663913259 . _:b663520816 . _:b665863055 . _:b665860278 . _:b663515819 . _:b665863048 . _:b665860279 . _:b665862857 . _:b663515812 . _:b665863049 . _:b665860272 . _:b663515813 . _:b665862307 . _:b665863050 . _:b665860273 . _:b663515814 . _:b666238558 . _:b665863051 . _:b665860274 . _:b665862862 . _:b663515692 . _:b663515815 . _:b663913346 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_gastrointestinal_tract" . _:b666238559 . _:b665862317 . _:b665863044 . _:b665860275 . _:b663515808 . _:b665862310 . _:b666238544 . _:b665863045 . _:b663515809 . _:b665863051 . _:b663520289 "TAO:0001323"^^ . _:b665863046 . _:b663515810 . _:b665862296 . _:b665863047 . _:b663515811 . _:b665862297 . _:b666238547 . _:b665863040 . _:b663515804 . _:b665863041 . _:b663913248 "(forall (x) (if (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [039-001] " . _:b663515805 . _:b666238549 . _:b665863042 . _:b663515687 . _:b663515806 . _:b665863043 . _:b663515807 . _:b665863068 . _:b665862901 . _:b663515800 . _:b665863069 . _:b663515682 . _:b663515801 . _:b665863070 . _:b665862907 . _:b663515802 . _:b665862288 . _:b665863071 . _:b663515803 . _:b663913238 "(forall (x y t) (if (and (SpatialRegion x) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)) (SpatialRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [036-001] " . _:b665863064 . _:b663515796 . _:b665861223 "Each spatiotemporal region at any time t projects_onto some spatial region at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [099-001])"@en . _:b665863065 . _:b663515797 . _:b665806323 . _:b665863066 . _:b663515798 . _:b666238542 . _:b665863067 . _:b663515799 . _:b666238543 . _:b665863060 . _:b663515792 . _:b665863061 . _:b663515793 . _:b665863062 . _:b663515794 . _:b666238530 . _:b665863063 . _:b663515795 . _:b665862716 "Each spatiotemporal region projects_onto some temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [098-001])"@en . _:b665863056 . _:b663515788 . _:b665863057 . _:b663515789 . _:b665863058 . _:b663515790 . _:b665806316 . _:b665863059 . _:b663515791 . _:b665863084 . _:b663515784 . _:b665863085 . _:b666238541 . _:b663515785 . _:b665862287 . _:b665863086 . _:b666238564 . _:b663515786 . _:b665863087 . _:b663515787 . _:b666208876 "intestinum crassum cecum"^^ . _:b665863080 . _:b663515780 . _:b665863081 . _:b663515781 . _:b665863082 . _:b666238538 . _:b663515782 . _:b665862276 . _:b665863083 . _:b663515783 . _:b665862277 . _:b665863076 . _:b663515776 . _:b665863002 . _:b665862278 . _:b665863077 . _:b665860204 . _:b663515777 . _:b665863003 . _:b665863078 . _:b665860205 . _:b663515778 . _:b665862392 . _:b665863079 . _:b665860206 . _:b663515779 . _:b665862393 . _:b665863072 . _:b666238136 "(forall (x t) (if (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (bearerOfAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [060-002] " . _:b665860207 . _:b665861184 "An entity is anything that exists or has existed or will exist. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [001-001])"@en . _:b665862956 "MA"^^ . _:b665862386 . _:b665863073 . _:b665860200 . _:b665863074 . _:b665860201 . _:b665862396 . _:b665863075 . _:b665860202 . _:b665863100 . _:b665860203 . _:b665862398 . _:b665863101 . _:b665860196 . _:b663516588 . _:b665863102 . _:b665860197 . _:b665861477 "BTO:0001158"^^ . _:b665862384 . _:b665863103 . _:b665860198 . _:b665862385 . _:b665863096 . _:b665860199 . _:b665863097 . _:b665860192 . _:b665862808 . _:b665862387 . _:b665863098 . _:b665860193 . _:b665863099 . _:b665860194 . _:b665806546 . _:b665862397 . _:b665863092 . _:b665860195 . _:b665862390 . _:b665863093 . _:b665860220 . _:b663515691 _:b663515688 . _:b665862391 . _:b665863094 . _:b665860221 . _:b663515690 _:b663515689 . _:b665806543 . _:b665862376 . _:b665863095 . _:b665860222 . _:b665863088 . _:b665860223 . _:b663515691 _:b663515690 . _:b665863089 . _:b666239272 . _:b665860216 . _:b663520006 "(forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [037-001] " . _:b665862379 . _:b665863090 . _:b665860217 . _:b663515663 . _:b663515695 _:b663515694 . _:b665862372 . _:b665863091 . _:b665860218 . _:b663515680 _:b663515679 . _:b665862988 . _:b663520303 "BTO:0000365"^^ . _:b665860219 . _:b663515681 _:b663515678 . _:b665862989 . _:b665860212 . _:b665862383 . _:b665862990 . _:b666239096 "BTO:0001307"^^ . _:b665860213 . _:b663516933 . _:b665862368 . _:b665862991 . _:b665860214 . _:b666238536 . _:b665862984 . _:b665860215 . _:b663515681 _:b663515680 . _:b665862378 . _:b665862985 . _:b665860208 . _:b665860441 "if b is a continuant and if, for some t, c has_continuant_part b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [126-001])"@en . _:b665862371 . _:b665862986 . _:b665860209 . _:b663520984 "ISBN:0-683-40008-8"^^ . _:b663515685 _:b663515684 . _:b663515686 _:b663515685 . _:b665862987 . _:b663520304 "BTO:0000365"^^ . _:b665860210 . _:b665862373 . _:b665862980 . _:b665860211 . _:b665862797 . _:b665797786 "b is a role means: b is a realizable entity & b exists because there is some single bearer that is in some special physical, social, or institutional set of circumstances in which this bearer does not have to be& b is not such that, if it ceases to exist, then the physical make-up of the bearer is thereby changed. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [061-001])"@en . _:b663515686 _:b663515683 . _:b665862981 . _:b665862433 . _:b665862982 . _:b665862360 . _:b665862983 . _:b663515697 _:b663515699 . _:b665862976 . _:b665805354 "All parts of temporal regions are temporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [101-001])"@en . _:b663913339 . _:b665862362 . _:b665862977 . _:b665862978 . _:b663515705 _:b663515704 . _:b665862356 . _:b665862979 . _:b665862365 . _:b665863004 . _:b665862366 . _:b665863005 . . _:b665862836 . _:b665862800 . _:b665863006 . _:b663516553 "(iff (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ImmaterialEntity a) (exists (b) (and (or (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b)) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))) (not (exists (c t) (and (SpatialRegion c) (continuantPartOfAt c a t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [029-001] " . _:b663515696 _:b663515695 . _:b665862352 . _:b663515702 _:b663515701 . _:b665863007 . _:b663515700 _:b663515702 . _:b663515696 _:b663515693 . _:b663515703 _:b663515705 . _:b665863000 . _:b665862361 . _:b665863001 . _:b665798918 "The first chamber in the alimentary canal of a ruminant stomach, composed of the rumen and reticulum."^^ . _:b665863002 . _:b663515699 _:b663515698 . _:b665863003 . _:b665862846 . _:b665862357 . _:b665862996 . _:b665862997 . _:b665805682 . _:b665862998 . _:b665862367 . _:b663515651 _:b663515650 . _:b665862999 . _:b665862992 . _:b663515649 _:b663515653 . _:b665862993 . _:b665805681 . _:b665862347 . _:b665862994 . _:b666239066 . _:b665862348 . _:b665862995 . _:b663515652 _:b663515651 . _:b663515653 _:b663515652 . _:b665862349 . _:b663516808 . _:b665863020 . _:b665862341 . _:b663515654 _:b663515656 . _:b665862350 . _:b663516809 . _:b665863021 . _:b665862820 . _:b665862351 . _:b665805690 . _:b665863022 . _:b665806422 . _:b665862336 . _:b665805691 . _:b665863023 . _:b665806423 . _:b665863016 . _:b665805403 . _:b663515656 _:b663515655 . _:b665862858 . . _:b665863017 . _:b665862824 . _:b665862339 . _:b663516802 . _:b665863018 . _:b666239286 . _:b665862340 . _:b663516803 . _:b665863019 . _:b663516534 . _:b665863012 . _:b665862342 . _:b665863013 . _:b663515671 _:b663515670 . _:b665805404 . _:b663515841 . _:b663515669 _:b663515672 . _:b665862343 . _:b663516806 . _:b665863014 . _:b665862770 "every entity of which a material entity is continuant part is also a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [021-002])"@en . _:b665862483 . _:b663516814 "The first two fifth of the small intestine beyond the duodenum. It extends from the end of the duodenum to the ileum. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663516807 . _:b665863015 . _:b663515668 _:b663515667 . _:b663516804 . _:b665863008 . _:b665862481 . _:b665862970 . _:b663516805 . _:b665863009 . _:b663520292 "intestinum tenue"^^ . _:b665805670 . _:b665863010 . _:b663520293 "intestinum tenue"^^ . _:b663515667 _:b663515666 . _:b665805383 . _:b665862972 . _:b665805671 . _:b665863011 . _:b665862486 . _:b666239051 . _:b665863036 . _:b663515665 _:b663515668 . _:b665863037 . _:b663515676 _:b663515675 . _:b665805688 . _:b665863038 . _:b665862491 . _:b665862960 . _:b665863039 . _:b665805386 . _:b665805672 . _:b665863032 . _:b665805385 . _:b665863033 . _:b665862488 . _:b665805384 . _:b665862963 . _:b665863034 . _:b666238545 "Branch or outpocketing of the digestive tract."^^ . _:b663515673 _:b663515676 . _:b665805390 . _:b665863035 . _:b665862965 . _:b665805391 . _:b665863028 . _:b663515675 _:b663515674 . _:b665862493 . _:b663515672 _:b663515671 . _:b665863029 . _:b665863030 . _:b666238485 . _:b665862952 . _:b665862987 "FMA"^^ . _:b665863031 . _:b663520098 "1"^^ . _:b665862466 . _:b665863024 . _:b663520099 "1"^^ . _:b665863025 . _:b663516039 _:b663516038 . _:b665863026 . _:b665862471 . _:b665863027 . _:b663913934 "0.0"^^ . _:b666238533 "The first chamber in the alimentary canal of a ruminant stomach, composed of the rumen and reticulum."^^ . _:b663516038 _:b663516037 . _:b665862924 . _:b665862469 . _:b665862958 . _:b663516630 . _:b665862925 . _:b663913407 . _:b665798809 "ncithesaurus:Small_Intestine"^^ . _:b665862959 . _:b665862926 . _:b665862475 . _:b665861350 . _:b665862927 . _:b663516036 _:b663516039 . _:b666238038 . _:b665862920 . _:b663913929 "0.0"^^ . _:b665862921 . _:b666238467 . _:b665862947 . _:b665862922 . _:b663914075 "A bacterial infectious disease that results_in infection by bacteria as a result of their presence or activity within the normal, healthy host, and their intrinsic virulence is, in part, a necessary consequence of their need to reproduce and spread." . _:b665862948 . _:b663520253 "blindgut"^^ . _:b665862923 . _:b665862478 . _:b665862181 . _:b665862949 . _:b665862916 . _:b665862950 . _:b665862917 . _:b665861068 . _:b663515906 . _:b665862951 . _:b665862918 . _:b663913563 "VHOG:0000052"^^ . _:b665862515 . _:b665861069 . _:b663913939 "0.0"^^ . _:b666239138 "FMA"^^ . _:b665862936 . _:b665862919 . _:b665861070 . _:b665862937 . _:b665862912 . _:b665861071 . _:b665805408 . _:b663516662 . _:b665862913 . _:b665861064 . _:b665805409 . _:b665862914 . _:b663913386 . _:b665861065 . _:b665862915 . _:b665861066 . _:b665862518 . _:b665862940 . _:b665861067 . _:b666238524 . _:b663515928 . _:b665862941 . _:b665861060 . _:b665862942 . _:b665861061 . _:b665862184 . _:b663516041 _:b663516042 . _:b665805418 . _:b665862943 . _:b665861062 . _:b666238527 . _:b663520349 . _:b665805419 . _:b665862349 . _:b665862936 . _:b665861063 . _:b665862521 . _:b663515924 . _:b663520348 . _:b665805416 . _:b665862930 . _:b665862937 . _:b665861056 . _:b663913944 "0.0"^^ . _:b663515925 . _:b665805417 . _:b665862931 . _:b665862938 . _:b663520637 . _:b665862527 . _:b665861057 . _:b663515926 . _:b665862932 . _:b665862939 . _:b665861058 . _:b663515927 . _:b665862933 . _:b665862932 . _:b665861059 . _:b666238035 . _:b665805420 . _:b665862934 . _:b665862933 . _:b665861084 . _:b665862524 . _:b665805421 . _:b665862935 . _:b665862934 . _:b665861085 . _:b663516094 _:b663516097 . _:b666238034 . _:b665862920 . _:b665862935 . _:b665861086 . _:b665862498 . _:b666238480 . _:b665862928 . _:b663913381 . _:b665861087 . _:b663515916 . . _:b666238178 "(forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [020-002] " . _:b665862929 . _:b665861080 . _:b665862496 . _:b663515917 . _:b665862923 . _:b665862930 . _:b666239209 . _:b665861081 . _:b665862503 . _:b663515918 . _:b665862924 . _:b665862931 . _:b665805675 "The fixed portion of the small intestine deeply lodged in the posterior wall of the abdomen and extending from the pylorus to the beginning of the jejunum. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b666238036 . _:b665861082 . _:b663515919 . _:b665862925 . _:b665862956 . _:b665861083 . _:b665862501 . _:b663914370 . _:b666239212 . _:b665862957 . _:b665861076 . _:b665862927 . _:b665862201 . _:b665862958 . _:b665862919 . _:b665861077 . _:b665862432 . _:b665862959 . _:b665861078 . _:b665862506 . _:b663515915 . _:b665862952 . _:b663520623 . _:b665861079 . _:b666238266 . _:b665862914 . _:b665862953 . _:b665861072 . _:b665862915 . _:b663914375 . _:b665862954 . _:b663520327 . _:b665861073 . _:b665862511 . _:b665862916 . _:b665862955 . _:b665861074 . _:b666238439 . _:b665862917 . _:b665862948 . _:b665861075 . _:b665862918 . _:b665862926 . _:b666239204 . _:b665862949 . _:b665861100 . _:b666238405 . _:b665862508 . _:b665862950 . _:b665861101 . _:b663520028 "(forall (x) (if (Site x) (ImmaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [034-002] " . _:b663516083 _:b663516086 . _:b663914000 "(forall (r) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [107-002] " . _:b665862951 . _:b666238446 "BTO:0000657"^^ . _:b665861102 . _:b665863033 . _:b665862944 . _:b666239207 . _:b663913397 . _:b665862417 . _:b665861103 . _:b665863034 . _:b663520332 . _:b666238444 "BTO:0000657"^^ . _:b665862945 . _:b665861096 . _:b665862946 . _:b665861097 . _:b666238402 . _:b665862423 . _:b663516090 _:b663516089 . _:b663520351 . _:b665862947 . _:b665861098 . _:b665862972 . _:b663516091 _:b663516090 . _:b666238448 . _:b665861099 . _:b663516024 . _:b666238253 . _:b665862973 . _:b666238248 . _:b665861092 . _:b663516647 . _:b665862974 . _:b663516085 _:b663516084 . _:b665861093 . _:b665863024 . _:b663516088 _:b663516091 . _:b665862975 . _:b663516086 _:b663516085 . _:b665861094 . _:b665862968 . _:b665861095 . _:b663516020 . _:b663520357 . _:b665861337 . _:b663914390 . _:b665862969 . _:b663520364 . _:b665861088 . _:b663516021 . _:b665862970 . _:b665861089 . _:b663516022 . _:b665862971 . _:b665861090 . _:b663516023 . _:b665862964 . _:b665861091 . _:b665862965 . _:b665861116 . _:b663516017 . _:b665798836 "VHOG:0000647"^^ . _:b665798031 "FMA"^^ . _:b663520354 . _:b665862966 . _:b665861117 . _:b663516018 . _:b666238244 . _:b665862967 . _:b665861118 . _:b663914038 . _:b663914393 . _:b665862960 . _:b665861119 . _:b663516012 . _:b665805637 . _:b665862961 . _:b665861112 . _:b663516013 . . _:b666238417 . _:b666238245 . _:b665862962 . _:b663516115 _:b663516114 . _:b665861548 . _:b665861113 . _:b663914037 . _:b663516014 . _:b663914042 . _:b665862963 . _:b666238246 . _:b665861114 . _:b663914043 . _:b665862817 . _:b665862860 . _:b666238247 . _:b665861115 . _:b663516114 _:b663516113 . _:b663516008 . _:b665863022 . _:b665862861 . _:b665861108 . _:b665862404 . _:b663516009 . _:b663520888 . _:b665863023 . _:b665862862 . _:b665861109 . _:b665862411 . _:b663516010 . _:b665862863 . _:b666238234 . _:b665861110 . _:b663516011 . _:b665863009 . _:b665862856 . _:b666238235 . _:b665861111 . _:b663516004 . _:b663520871 . _:b665863010 . _:b663516112 _:b663516115 . _:b665862857 . _:b663913985 "(forall (x) (if (SpatialRegion x) (Continuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [035-001] " . _:b665861104 . _:b663516005 . _:b665863011 . _:b665862858 . _:b663519977 "A temporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of time as defined relative to some reference frame. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [100-001])"@en . _:b665861930 "An entity is anything that exists or has existed or will exist. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [001-001])"@en . _:b665861105 . _:b663516006 . _:b663520375 . _:b665863012 . _:b666238212 . _:b663914019 . _:b665862859 . _:b663516121 _:b663516120 . _:b665861106 . _:b663516007 . _:b665863013 . _:b663516096 _:b663516095 . _:b665862852 . _:b663914018 . _:b663516122 _:b663516121 . _:b663516122 _:b663516119 . _:b663516123 _:b663516122 . _:b665861107 . _:b663516000 . _:b665863014 . _:b663516118 _:b663516123 . _:b665862853 . _:b663914017 . _:b665861004 . _:b666238409 . _:b665862854 . _:b665861005 . _:b666208697 "A disease is a disposition (i) to undergo pathological processes that (ii) exists in an organism because of one or more disorders in that organism." . _:b665862451 . _:b663516002 . _:b665863000 . _:b666238216 . _:b665862855 . _:b665861006 . _:b663515971 "An expanded region of the vertebrate alimentary tract that serves as a food storage compartment and digestive organ. A stomach is lined, in whole or in part by a glandular epithelium."^^ . _:b665863001 . _:b665862848 . _:b665860920 . _:b665861007 . _:b663516097 _:b663516096 . _:b665863002 . _:b665862849 . _:b665861000 . _:b665862448 . _:b663515997 . _:b665863003 . _:b663914020 . _:b665862850 . _:b663516101 _:b663516100 . _:b665861001 . _:b663516127 _:b663516128 . _:b663515998 . _:b665863004 . _:b663516102 _:b663516101 . _:b665862996 . _:b665862851 . _:b665861002 . _:b663515999 . _:b665862876 . _:b665861003 . _:b665862453 . _:b663515992 . _:b665863006 . _:b665862877 . _:b663914024 . _:b665860996 . _:b663515993 . _:b663520378 . _:b665862878 . _:b663914025 . _:b665860997 . _:b665862879 . _:b665860998 . _:b666238419 . _:b663515995 . _:b665862872 . _:b665860999 . _:b665862457 . _:b663515988 . _:b665862994 . _:b665862873 . _:b665860992 . _:b666238219 . _:b665862995 . _:b665862874 . _:b665860993 . _:b663516099 _:b663516102 . _:b665862875 . _:b665860994 . _:b665862462 . _:b665862997 . _:b665862868 . _:b665863005 . _:b665860995 . _:b663515984 . _:b665862869 . _:b663516821 . _:b665862460 . _:b665861020 . _:b663515985 . _:b665862870 . _:b665861021 . _:b665862435 . _:b663515986 . _:b665862984 . _:b665862871 . _:b665861022 . _:b663515987 . _:b665862985 . _:b665862864 . _:b663520738 "(forall (x y) (if (and (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (SpatioTemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [096-001] " . _:b665861023 . _:b663516157 _:b663516156 . _:b663516144 _:b663516147 . _:b665862865 . _:b663516158 _:b663516157 . _:b663516149 _:b663516152 . _:b666238429 . _:b665861016 . _:b665862866 . _:b665861017 . _:b665862988 . _:b663520266 . _:b665862867 . _:b665861018 . _:b665862892 . _:b665861019 . _:b663516152 _:b663516151 . _:b663515976 . _:b666238328 . _:b665862381 . _:b665862893 . _:b665861012 . _:b663515977 . _:b665862894 . _:b663516812 . _:b665861013 . _:b665805641 . _:b665862395 "diverticulum of gut"^^ . _:b665862895 . _:b665861014 . _:b665805640 . _:b665862888 . _:b665861015 . _:b663515972 . _:b665805639 . _:b663516151 _:b663516150 . _:b666239001 . _:b663516155 _:b663516158 . _:b665862889 . _:b665861008 . _:b665862440 . _:b663515973 . _:b665805638 . _:b665862890 . _:b663516147 _:b663516146 . _:b665861009 . _:b663515974 . _:b665805637 . _:b663914050 . _:b665862891 . _:b665861010 . _:b663515975 . _:b663914051 . _:b665862884 . _:b663516802 . _:b665861011 . _:b663516146 _:b663516145 . _:b665805635 . _:b665862885 . _:b663516133 _:b663516136 . _:b665862444 . _:b665861036 . _:b663515969 . _:b665805634 . _:b666208695 . _:b666238321 . _:b665862886 . . _:b665861037 . _:b663515970 . _:b663520267 . _:b665863096 . _:b666238322 . _:b666208692 . _:b663914054 . _:b665862887 . _:b665861038 . _:b663515971 . _:b665861479 . _:b665860889 . _:b665863097 . _:b663914055 . _:b666238323 . _:b665862880 . _:b665861039 . _:b665862609 . _:b663516136 _:b663516135 . _:b665863098 . _:b663914052 . _:b665862881 . _:b665861032 . _:b663516141 _:b663516140 . _:b666238325 . _:b663914053 . _:b665862882 . _:b665797630 . _:b665797631 . _:b665861033 . _:b665797628 . _:b665797629 . _:b663914167 "A subdivision of the digestive tract that connects the small intestine to the cloaca or anus. Lacks or has few villi[Kardong]."^^ . _:b665862883 . _:b665797626 . _:b665797627 . _:b665861034 . _:b665797624 . _:b665861490 "intestinum caecum"^^ . _:b663519988 "Each spatiotemporal region projects_onto some temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [098-001])"@en . _:b665797625 . _:b665797622 . _:b665862908 . _:b665797623 . _:b665862613 . _:b665861035 . _:b665797620 . _:b665861484 . _:b665797621 . _:b663516140 _:b663516139 . _:b665862909 . _:b665797618 . _:b665797619 . _:b665861028 . _:b665797616 . _:b665861485 . _:b665797617 . _:b666208703 . _:b665863103 . _:b665797614 . _:b665862910 . _:b665797615 . _:b665862619 . _:b665861029 . _:b663520283 . _:b665861486 . _:b665797612 . _:b665797613 . _:b665863088 . _:b665797610 . _:b665862911 . _:b665797611 . _:b665861030 . _:b665797608 . _:b665861487 . _:b665797609 . _:b665863089 . _:b665797606 . _:b665862904 . _:b665797607 . _:b666208697 . _:b665861031 . _:b665797604 . _:b665797605 . _:b665797602 . _:b665862905 . _:b665797603 . _:b665862616 . _:b665861024 . _:b665797600 . _:b665861481 . _:b665797601 . _:b665797598 . _:b666239153 . _:b665862906 . _:b665797599 . _:b666238390 . _:b665861025 . _:b665797596 . _:b666208696 . _:b665861482 . _:b665797597 . _:b665797594 . _:b666239154 . _:b666208698 . _:b665862907 . _:b665797595 . _:b665861026 . _:b663516138 _:b663516141 . _:b665861483 . _:b665797592 . _:b665797593 . _:b665863093 . _:b665797590 . _:b665862900 . _:b665797591 . _:b665861027 . _:b663516080 . _:b665797588 . _:b663516135 _:b663516134 . _:b665863094 . _:b665797589 . _:b665798751 . _:b665797586 . _:b665863102 . _:b665862901 . _:b665797587 . _:b665861052 . _:b663515944 _:b663515941 . _:b665797584 . _:b663516081 . _:b665797585 . _:b665863095 . _:b665797582 . _:b665862902 . _:b663515940 _:b663515944 . _:b665861053 . _:b665797583 . _:b663516082 . _:b665797580 . _:b665797581 . _:b665863080 . _:b665797578 . _:b665862903 . _:b665797579 . _:b665861054 . _:b665797576 . _:b665797577 . _:b665797574 . _:b665862896 . _:b665797575 . _:b665862593 . _:b665861055 . _:b663515944 _:b663515943 . _:b665861488 . _:b665797572 . _:b663516076 . _:b665797573 . _:b665863082 . _:b665797570 . _:b665862897 . _:b665797571 . _:b665861048 . _:b663516077 . _:b665861489 . _:b665797568 . _:b665797569 . _:b665797566 . _:b665862898 . _:b665797567 . _:b665862599 . _:b665861049 . _:b663516078 . _:b665861490 . _:b665797564 . _:b665797565 . _:b665797562 . _:b665862899 . _:b665797563 . _:b665861050 . _:b663516079 . _:b665861491 . _:b665797560 . _:b665797561 . _:b665863085 . _:b665797558 . _:b665862796 . _:b665797559 . _:b665861051 . _:b663516072 . _:b665797556 . _:b665797557 . _:b666238296 . _:b666208686 . _:b665863086 . _:b665797554 . _:b666239231 . _:b665862797 . _:b665797555 . _:b665862596 . _:b665861044 . _:b665797552 . _:b666208687 . _:b665797553 . _:b665805638 "UBERON:0001155"^^ . _:b665862798 . _:b665797550 . _:b663515939 _:b663515938 . _:b665861045 . _:b665797551 . _:b665797548 . _:b665797549 . _:b665863072 . _:b665797546 . _:b665862799 . _:b663515939 _:b663515936 . _:b665862602 . _:b665861046 . _:b665797547 . _:b663516075 . _:b665797544 . _:b665797545 . _:b665863073 . _:b665797542 . _:b665863081 . _:b665862792 . _:b665797543 . _:b665861047 . _:b663515938 _:b663515937 . _:b665797540 . _:b663516068 . _:b665797541 . _:b665863074 . _:b665860715 "Tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach. In mammals, the oesophagus connects the buccal cavity with the stomach. The stratified squamous non-keratinised epithelium lining the buccal cavity is continued through the pharynx down into the oesophagus. The lowest part of the oesophagus (ca. 2 cm) is lined with gastric mucosa and covered by peritoneum. The main body of the oesophagus is lined with small, simple mucous glands. Each gland opens into the lumen by a long duct which pierces the muscularis mucosae (Wilson and Washington, 1989). A sphincter is situated at the point where the oesophagus enters the stomach to prevent gastro-oesophageal reflux, i.e. to prevent acidic gastric contents from reaching stratified epithelia of the oesophagus, where they can cause inflammation and irritation (Wilson and Washington, 1989; Brown et al., 1993)."^^ . _:b665862793 . _:b665797538 . _:b665797539 . _:b666209493 . _:b665861040 . _:b663516069 . _:b665797536 . _:b665797537 . _:b665863075 . _:b665806158 "(forall (x) (if (ProcessBoundary x) (exists (y) (and (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion y) (occupiesTemporalRegion x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [085-002] " . _:b665862794 . _:b665797534 . _:b665797535 . _:b666238342 . _:b665861041 . _:b663515950 _:b663515953 . _:b665797532 . _:b663516070 . _:b665797533 . _:b665863076 . _:b665797530 . _:b665862795 . _:b663516943 . _:b665861042 . _:b665797531 . _:b663516071 . _:b665797528 . _:b665797529 . _:b665863077 . _:b665797526 . _:b665862788 . _:b665797527 . _:b665862605 . _:b665861043 . _:b665860740 . _:b665797524 . _:b663515943 _:b663515942 . _:b665863078 . _:b665797525 . _:b663520784 "A one-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is extended. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [103-001])"@en . _:b665862789 . _:b665797522 . _:b665797523 . _:b665862850 . _:b665860940 . _:b665860741 . _:b665797520 . _:b665797521 . _:b665863079 . _:b665797518 . _:b665863087 . _:b665862790 . _:b665860749 "FMA"^^ . _:b665862643 . _:b665860941 . _:b665797519 . _:b663516066 . _:b665797516 . _:b665860742 . _:b665797517 . _:b665863064 . _:b665797514 . _:b665862791 . _:b665797515 . _:b665860942 . _:b663516067 . _:b665797512 . _:b665860743 . _:b663515870 . _:b665798754 . _:b665797513 . _:b665797510 . _:b665863057 . _:b665862784 . _:b665797511 . _:b665860943 . _:b663516060 . _:b665805532 . _:b665797508 . _:b665860736 . _:b665797509 . _:b665797506 . _:b665862785 . _:b663515957 _:b663515960 . _:b665860936 . _:b665797507 . _:b663516061 . _:b665805533 . _:b665797504 . _:b665860737 . _:b665798752 . _:b665863067 . _:b665797505 . . _:b665862786 . _:b665797502 . _:b665797503 . _:b665860937 . _:b663516062 . _:b665862316 . _:b665805534 . _:b665797500 . _:b665860738 . _:b665797501 . _:b666238294 . _:b665797498 . _:b665862787 . _:b665797499 . _:b665860938 . _:b663516063 . _:b665805535 . _:b665797496 . _:b665860739 . _:b665798758 . _:b666238295 . _:b665863069 . _:b665797497 . _:b665797494 . _:b665862812 . _:b665797495 . _:b665860939 . _:b663516944 . _:b665797492 . _:b663516056 . _:b663515960 _:b663515959 . _:b665798759 . _:b665797493 . _:b665797490 . _:b665862813 . _:b665797491 . _:b665860932 . _:b663516057 . _:b665797488 . _:b665798756 . _:b665797489 . _:b665797486 . _:b666238281 . _:b665863063 . _:b665862814 . _:b665797487 . _:b666238354 . _:b665860933 . _:b663516058 . _:b665797484 . _:b665798757 . _:b666238282 . _:b665863056 . _:b665797485 . _:b665797482 . _:b665862815 . _:b665797483 . _:b665860934 . _:b663516059 . _:b665797480 . _:b665806534 "Branch or outpocketing of the digestive tract."^^ . _:b665797481 . _:b663515952 _:b663515951 . _:b666238399 . _:b665862808 . _:b665797478 . _:b665797479 . _:b665862649 . _:b665860935 . _:b663516052 . _:b665797476 . _:b665860744 . _:b663515959 _:b663515958 . _:b666238284 . _:b665863058 . _:b665797477 . _:b665797474 . _:b665862809 . _:b665805367 "(forall (x t) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (SpatialRegion y) (spatiallyProjectsOntoAt x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [099-001] " . _:b665860928 . _:b665797475 . _:b665860745 . _:b666238285 . _:b665862746 "A one-dimensional spatial region is a line or aggregate of lines stretching from one point in space to another. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [038-001])"@en . _:b665862810 . _:b665860929 . _:b666238352 . _:b665862811 . _:b666238286 . _:b665863068 . _:b665860930 . _:b665862654 . _:b665863061 . _:b666238287 . _:b665862804 . _:b665860931 . _:b663516048 . _:b663515953 _:b663515952 . _:b665863062 . _:b665862805 . _:b663515905 _:b663515904 . _:b665860956 . _:b663516049 . _:b663515906 _:b663515905 . _:b666208842 . _:b665862806 . _:b665860957 . _:b663516050 . _:b665862807 . _:b666208845 . _:b665860958 . _:b663516051 . _:b665806334 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b665862800 . _:b665860959 . _:b665862801 . _:b665860952 . _:b666238365 . _:b665862624 . _:b665862802 . _:b665860953 . _:b663516046 . _:b666208832 . _:b665862803 . _:b665860954 . _:b666208851 . _:b663516047 . _:b665863053 . _:b665862828 . _:b665860955 . _:b665805536 . _:b665862829 . _:b665860948 . _:b666238393 . _:b665861252 "b is a fiat object part = Def. b is a material entity which is such that for all times t, if b exists at t then there is some object c such that b proper continuant_part of c at t and c is demarcated from the remainder of c by a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [027-004])"@en . _:b665862830 . _:b665860949 . _:b665862635 . _:b665862831 . _:b665860950 . _:b663516771 . _:b665862305 . _:b665862824 . _:b665860951 . _:b663913409 . _:b665863042 . _:b665806279 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b665862825 . _:b665860944 . _:b666208853 . _:b665863043 . _:b665862826 . _:b665860945 . _:b666208852 . _:b665862639 . _:b665862827 . _:b665863052 . _:b665860946 . _:b665862820 . _:b665860947 . _:b666208858 . _:b665862821 . _:b665860972 . _:b663521047 "In humans, the duodenum is a hollow jointed tube about 10-15 inches (25-38 centimetres) long connecting the stomach to the jejunum. It begins with the duodenal bulb and ends at the ligament of Treitz."^^ . _:b665862822 . _:b666209631 "VHOG:0000648"^^ . _:b665860973 . _:b666208856 . _:b663515929 _:b663515934 . _:b665863160 . _:b665862823 . _:b665860974 . _:b665862816 . _:b665860975 . _:b665862545 . _:b665862945 "BTO:0001307"^^ . _:b665863162 . _:b665862817 . _:b665860968 . _:b666238389 . _:b665862818 . _:b665863155 . _:b665860969 . _:b665862551 . _:b665862819 . _:b665860970 . _:b663516159 . _:b666238379 "WP"^^ . _:b665863165 . _:b665862844 . _:b665860971 . _:b663516788 . _:b665862845 . _:b665860964 . _:b665862548 . _:b663515933 _:b663515932 . _:b666238377 . _:b663515935 _:b663515939 . _:b665862846 . _:b665860965 . _:b663516154 . _:b665863152 . _:b665862847 . _:b665860966 . _:b665862554 . _:b663515933 _:b663515930 . _:b665863153 . _:b665862840 . _:b665863161 . _:b665860967 . _:b666238780 . _:b665863154 . _:b663515932 _:b663515931 . _:b665862841 . _:b663520829 . _:b663515934 _:b663515933 . _:b665860960 . _:b666238782 . _:b665862842 . _:b665860961 . _:b666238781 . _:b665863156 . _:b665862843 . _:b665860962 . _:b665862836 . _:b665860963 . _:b665862557 . _:b666238368 . _:b663516772 . _:b665862837 . _:b665860988 . _:b665863159 . _:b665862838 . _:b665860989 . _:b663515887 . _:b665863144 . _:b665862839 . _:b665860990 . _:b665862530 . . _:b665862832 . _:b663516029 _:b663516028 . _:b666208878 . _:b665860991 . _:b663516030 _:b663516029 . _:b665862833 . _:b665860984 . _:b666208877 . _:b665863147 . _:b665862834 . _:b665860985 . _:b665862835 . _:b663516715 . _:b665860986 . _:b665863149 . _:b666238375 . _:b665862732 . _:b665860987 . _:b665862533 . _:b665862733 . _:b665860980 . _:b666208881 . _:b665862734 . _:b665863143 . _:b663516716 . _:b665862539 . _:b665860981 . _:b665863136 . _:b665862735 . _:b665860982 . _:b665863137 . _:b666238363 . _:b665862728 . _:b665806204 . _:b665860983 . _:b663516132 . _:b663516702 . _:b663516027 _:b663516030 . _:b665863138 . _:b665862729 . _:b665860976 . _:b665862536 . _:b665863139 . _:b665862730 . _:b665860977 . _:b665862731 . _:b665863148 . _:b665860978 . _:b665862542 . _:b665798035 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b665862724 . _:b665860979 . _:b665863142 . _:b665862725 . _:b663516745 "ncithesaurus:Rectum"^^ . _:b665860876 . _:b665862860 . _:b665862726 . _:b665860877 . _:b663516130 . _:b665861425 . _:b665862727 . _:b663913482 "ventriculus"^^ . _:b666238283 . _:b665862578 . _:b665860878 . _:b663516131 . _:b665863129 . _:b666238355 . _:b665862720 . _:b665860879 . _:b665863130 . _:b665862721 . _:b666238356 . _:b665860872 . _:b665863131 . _:b666238357 . _:b665862722 . _:b665860873 . _:b663520960 "VHOG:0000408"^^ . _:b665862723 . _:b665863124 . _:b665860874 . _:b665806440 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665863133 . _:b665862748 . _:b665860875 . _:b666238332 . _:b666238288 . _:b665862581 . _:b665862749 . _:b665860868 . _:b663516695 . _:b665862750 . _:b665860869 . _:b665862587 . _:b665862751 . _:b665860870 . _:b666238335 . _:b666238546 "diverticulum of gut"^^ . _:b665862744 . _:b665862828 . _:b665860871 . _:b665863122 . _:b665862745 . _:b665860864 . _:b665862584 . _:b665862746 . _:b666238329 . _:b665860865 . _:b665862747 . _:b666238330 . _:b665863132 . _:b665860866 . _:b665862590 . _:b665863125 . _:b665862740 . _:b665860867 . _:b666238336 . _:b665862741 . _:b665860892 . _:b666238297 . _:b666238337 . _:b665862742 . _:b666239309 . _:b665860893 . _:b665862563 . _:b665797797 "A three-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of three dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [040-001])"@en . _:b665863112 . _:b665862743 . _:b666238338 . _:b665860894 . _:b665860632 . _:b666238339 . _:b665862736 . _:b665860895 . _:b665863114 . _:b665862737 . _:b666238340 . _:b665860888 . _:b665862560 . _:b665798759 "intestinum rectum"^^ . _:b666238341 . _:b665798500 "(forall (x) (if (TemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [100-001] " . _:b665862738 . _:b665863107 . _:b665860889 . _:b665862739 . _:b665860890 . _:b665862566 . _:b665863117 . _:b665862764 . _:b665860891 . _:b665862765 . _:b665860884 . _:b665798061 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b665863119 . _:b665862766 . _:b665860885 . _:b663515883 . _:b665806431 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665862767 . _:b666208728 . _:b665860886 . _:b663515899 . _:b665862760 . _:b665863113 . _:b665860887 . _:b665862569 . _:b665863106 . _:b665862761 . _:b665860880 . _:b665862762 . _:b665860881 . _:b665862575 . _:b665863108 . _:b665862763 . _:b663520402 . _:b665860882 . _:b665862756 . _:b663520403 . _:b665860883 . _:b665805347 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b663515982 _:b663515983 . _:b665863118 . _:b665862757 . _:b663516725 . _:b665860908 . _:b665862572 . _:b665863111 . _:b665862758 . _:b665860909 . _:b665862759 . _:b665860910 . _:b665862752 . _:b665860911 . _:b665806421 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665862753 . _:b665860904 . _:b665805352 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b665862754 . _:b663516792 . _:b665860905 . _:b665862755 . _:b665860906 . _:b665862780 . . _:b665860907 . . _:b663520309 "The first two fifth of the small intestine beyond the duodenum. It extends from the end of the duodenum to the ileum. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665862781 . . _:b665860900 . _:b665862782 . _:b665860901 . _:b665862783 . _:b665860902 . _:b665806412 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665862776 . _:b665860903 . _:b665862777 . _:b663516713 . _:b665860896 . _:b665862778 . _:b663516712 . _:b665860897 . _:b665862779 . _:b666238924 "(forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [020-002] " . _:b665860898 . _:b666239278 . _:b666238447 . _:b665862772 . _:b665860899 . _:b663516709 . _:b665862773 . _:b665860924 . _:b663516708 . _:b665863095 . _:b665862774 . _:b665860925 . _:b665862813 . _:b663516711 . _:b666209431 . _:b665862775 . _:b665860926 . _:b663520428 . _:b665862768 . _:b665860927 . _:b665860709 . _:b665862769 . _:b666239080 . _:b665860920 . _:b665862770 . _:b665860921 . _:b666238438 . _:b665862771 . _:b665860922 . _:b665862668 . _:b665860923 . _:b665862291 "VHOG:0000053"^^ . _:b665862669 . _:b665860916 . _:b665862670 . _:b665860917 . _:b665862671 . _:b665860918 . _:b666238427 . _:b665862664 . _:b665860919 . _:b665862665 . _:b665860912 . _:b666209465 . _:b665806386 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665862666 . _:b666239073 . _:b665860913 . _:b665798479 "Every occurrent occupies_spatiotemporal_region some spatiotemporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [108-001])"@en . _:b665862667 . _:b665860914 . _:b665862660 . _:b665860915 . _:b666238416 . _:b665862661 . _:b665860812 . _:b665862662 . _:b665860813 . _:b666209079 . _:b666238418 . _:b665862663 . _:b665862672 . _:b665860814 . _:b663516869 . _:b665862656 . _:b665862947 . _:b663520723 "A temporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of time as defined relative to some reference frame. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [100-001])"@en . _:b666209517 . _:b665860815 . _:b665862657 . _:b665860808 . _:b666209516 . _:b666209074 . _:b665862658 . _:b665860809 . _:b663913183 "0.0"^^ . _:b666238953 . _:b665862659 . _:b663516763 . _:b665860810 . _:b665862684 . _:b665860811 . _:b665862261 . _:b665805323 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b665797986 "VHOG:0000408"^^ . _:b665862685 . _:b665860804 . _:b665862686 . _:b663515902 . _:b665860805 . _:b663516764 . _:b665862687 . _:b665860806 . _:b665805334 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b666238411 . _:b665862680 . _:b665798835 "MP:0002581"^^ . _:b665860807 . _:b663516880 . _:b665862681 . _:b665860800 . _:b665862682 . _:b666238784 . _:b665860801 . _:b663520833 . _:b663515973 "It appears that the stomach has an ancient origin. The stomach first appears in the fish lineage. The prevertebrate chordates do not have a true stomach, whereas the cartilaginous and bony fish do. Although most fish do have a true stomach, some fish species appear to have lost the stomach secondarily. The remaining vertebrate lineages do have a true stomach (at least in the adult animal), although there is great variation in the size and shape of the stomach.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b666238414 . _:b665862683 . _:b663520300 "NCBITaxon:32443"^^ . _:b665860802 . _:b663516883 . _:b666238415 . _:b665862676 . _:b665860803 . _:b666238400 . _:b665862677 . _:b665860828 . _:b663913188 "0.0"^^ . _:b665862678 . _:b665860829 . _:b665862679 . _:b665860830 . _:b663521100 . _:b665862672 . _:b665860831 . _:b665862673 . _:b665860824 . _:b665862674 . _:b665860825 . _:b663521103 . _:b666238406 . _:b665862675 . _:b663515881 . _:b665860826 . _:b663913198 "0.0"^^ . _:b666238407 . _:b665862700 . _:b665860827 . _:b663521097 . _:b665806361 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665862701 . _:b665860820 . _:b666239170 "UMLS:C0021852"^^ . _:b665862702 . _:b663516748 . _:b665860821 . _:b665862703 . _:b665860822 . _:b665862838 . _:b665862696 . _:b663516878 "subdivision of alimentary system"^^ . _:b665860823 . _:b663913193 "0.0"^^ . _:b665862241 "FMA"^^ . _:b665862697 . _:b665862666 . _:b665860816 . _:b665806280 . _:b665862698 . _:b665860817 . _:b665862699 . _:b663516739 . _:b665860818 . _:b665862728 "(forall (x) (if (Disposition x) (and (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (bearerOfAt x y t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [062-002] " . _:b665862669 . _:b665862692 . _:b663516738 . _:b665860819 . _:b663520140 . _:b665862693 . _:b663516741 . _:b665862252 . _:b665860844 . _:b665861349 . _:b665862694 . _:b665860845 . _:b663516908 . _:b665862695 . _:b663521110 . _:b665860846 . _:b665862964 _:b665862965 . _:b665862688 . _:b665860847 . _:b665862161 . _:b666239246 . _:b663520147 . _:b665862962 _:b665862963 . _:b665862689 . _:b665860692 . _:b665860840 . _:b663521095 . _:b663516907 . _:b665798398 . _:b666208990 . _:b665862690 . _:b665798399 . _:b665860841 . _:b663521094 . _:b665798396 . _:b665798397 . _:b665798394 . _:b665862691 . _:b665798395 . _:b665862166 . _:b665860842 . _:b665798392 . _:b665806290 . _:b665798393 . _:b665798390 . _:b665862716 . _:b665798391 . _:b665860843 . _:b665798388 . _:b665798389 . _:b665798386 . _:b665862717 . _:b665798387 . _:b665860836 . _:b665798384 . _:b665862927 . _:b665798385 . _:b665798382 . _:b665862718 . _:b665860689 . _:b665860837 . _:b665798383 . _:b665798380 . _:b665798381 . _:b665798378 . _:b665862719 . _:b665798379 . _:b666238080 . _:b665860838 . _:b663521124 . _:b665798376 . _:b663520865 . _:b665798377 . _:b665798374 . _:b665862712 . _:b665798375 . _:b665860839 . _:b665798372 . _:b665806349 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665798373 . _:b665798370 . _:b665862713 . _:b665798371 . _:b665860832 . _:b665798368 . _:b665798369 . _:b665798366 . _:b665862714 . _:b665798367 . _:b665862971 _:b665862972 . _:b665862175 . _:b665860833 . _:b665798364 . _:b665798365 . _:b665798362 . _:b665862715 . _:b665798363 . _:b665860834 . _:b665798360 . _:b665806336 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665861683 "2024-09-28T14:48:02.279016"^^ . _:b665798361 . _:b665798358 . _:b665862708 . _:b665798359 . _:b665860835 . _:b663515995 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b665798356 . _:b663521121 . _:b665798357 . _:b665798354 . _:b665862709 . _:b665798355 . _:b665860860 . _:b665798352 . _:b665798353 . _:b665798350 . _:b665862710 . _:b665798351 . _:b665860861 . _:b665798348 . _:b665798349 . _:b665798346 . _:b665862711 . _:b665798347 . _:b665860862 . _:b665798344 . _:b665798345 . _:b665798342 . _:b665862704 . _:b665798343 . _:b665860863 . _:b665798340 . _:b665862930 . _:b665798341 . _:b665798338 . _:b665862705 . _:b665798339 . _:b665860856 . _:b665798336 . _:b665798337 . _:b665798334 . _:b665862706 . _:b665798335 . _:b666209444 "url:http://www2.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/mwmednlm?book=Medical&va=anatomic" . _:b665860857 . _:b665798332 . _:b665798333 . _:b665798330 . _:b665862707 . _:b665798331 . _:b665860858 . _:b663520894 . _:b665798328 . _:b663516141 . _:b665798329 . _:b665798326 . _:b665798327 . _:b665860859 . _:b665798324 . _:b665798325 . _:b665798322 . _:b666238369 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b663516575 . _:b665860852 . _:b665798323 . _:b665798320 . _:b665798321 . _:b665798318 . _:b665798319 . _:b665862155 . _:b665860853 . _:b665798316 . _:b665798317 . _:b665798314 . _:b665860414 "0.0"^^ . _:b665860854 . _:b665798315 . _:b665798312 . _:b665861379 . _:b665798313 . _:b665798310 . _:b665798311 . _:b665860855 . _:b665798308 . _:b665798309 . _:b665798306 . _:b665798307 . _:b665860848 . _:b665798304 . _:b665798305 . _:b665798302 . _:b665798303 . _:b665860849 . _:b665798300 . _:b665798301 . _:b665798298 . _:b665798299 . _:b665860850 . _:b665798296 . _:b665863158 . _:b665798297 . _:b665798294 . _:b665860409 "0.0"^^ . _:b665860851 . _:b665798295 . _:b665798292 . _:b665798293 . _:b665798290 . _:b665860748 . _:b665798291 . _:b665805388 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b665798288 . _:b665798289 . _:b665798286 . _:b665860749 . _:b665798287 . _:b663914084 "url:http://www.health.state.ny.us/diseases/communicable/campylobacteriosis/fact_sheet.htm" . _:b665798284 . _:b665798285 . _:b665798282 . _:b665860750 . _:b666238359 "AAO:0000145"^^ . _:b665798283 . _:b665798280 . _:b665798281 . _:b665798278 . _:b665860751 . _:b665798279 . _:b665798276 . _:b665798277 . _:b665798274 . _:b665860744 . _:b665798275 . _:b663521063 "ISBN:0-683-40008-8"^^ . _:b663521148 . _:b665798272 . _:b665798273 . _:b665798270 . _:b665860745 . _:b665798271 . _:b665860419 "0.0"^^ . _:b663521149 . _:b665798268 . _:b665798269 . _:b665798266 . _:b665860746 . _:b665798267 . _:b665798264 . _:b665798265 . _:b665798262 . _:b665860747 . _:b665798263 . _:b665798260 . _:b665798261 . _:b665798258 . _:b665860740 . _:b665798259 . _:b665798256 . _:b665798257 . _:b665798254 . _:b665860741 . _:b665798255 . _:b665798252 . _:b665798253 . _:b665798250 . _:b665860742 . _:b665798251 . _:b665798248 . _:b665798249 . _:b665798246 . _:b666209666 . _:b665860743 . _:b665798247 . . _:b663521029 . _:b665798244 . _:b665798245 . _:b665798242 . _:b665860736 . _:b665798243 . _:b665806055 . _:b663520734 "Each spatiotemporal region projects_onto some temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [098-001])"@en . _:b665798240 . _:b665798241 . _:b665798238 . _:b666209676 . _:b665860737 . _:b665798239 . _:b665798236 . _:b665798237 . _:b665798234 . _:b665860738 . _:b665798235 . _:b665798232 . _:b665798233 . _:b665798230 . _:b665860739 . _:b665798231 . _:b665806050 . _:b665798228 . _:b665798229 . _:b665798226 . _:b665860764 . _:b665798227 . _:b665860424 "0.0"^^ . _:b665798224 . _:b665798225 . _:b665798222 . _:b665805622 "A cecum is present in most amniote species, and also in lungfish, but not in any living species of amphibian. In reptiles, it is usually a single median structure, arising from the dorsal side of the large intestine. Birds typically have two paired ceca, as, unlike other mammals, do hyraxes. Most mammalian herbivores have a relatively large cecum, hosting a large number of bacteria, which aid in the enzymatic breakdown of plant materials such as cellulose; in many species, it is considerably wider than the colon. In contrast, obligatory carnivores, whose diets contain little or no plant material, have a reduced cecum, which is often partially or wholly replaced by the vermiform appendix. Many fish have a number of small outpocketings, called pyloric ceca, along their intestine; despite the name they are not homologous with the cecum of amniotes, and their purpose is to increase the overall area of the digestive epithelium.[2] Some invertebrates, such as squid,[3] may also have structures with the same name, but these have no relationship with those of vertebrates."^^ . _:b665798223 . _:b665806125 "(forall (x t) (if (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (bearerOfAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [060-002] " . _:b665860765 . _:b665798220 . _:b665798221 . _:b665798218 . _:b665860766 . _:b665798219 . _:b665806045 . _:b665798216 . _:b665798217 . _:b665798214 . _:b665860767 . _:b665798215 . _:b665798212 . _:b665798213 . _:b666208587 "For any independent continuant b and any time t there is some spatial region r such that b is located_in r at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [134-001])"@en . _:b665798210 . _:b666209685 . _:b663516197 . _:b665798211 . _:b665860760 . _:b665798208 . _:b665798209 . _:b665798206 . _:b665860761 . _:b665862711 "A two-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of two dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [039-001])"@en . _:b665798207 . _:b665806040 . _:b665798204 . _:b663516198 . _:b665798205 . _:b665798202 . _:b665860762 . _:b665862182 . _:b665798203 . _:b665798200 . _:b665798201 . _:b665798198 . _:b665860763 . _:b665798199 . _:b665798196 . _:b665798197 . _:b665798194 . _:b665860756 . _:b665798195 . _:b665798192 . _:b665798193 . _:b665798190 . _:b665860757 . _:b665798191 . _:b665798188 . _:b665798189 . _:b665798186 . _:b665860758 . _:b665798187 . _:b665798184 . _:b665798185 . _:b665862993 "UMLS:C0009368"^^ . _:b663516905 . _:b665798182 . _:b665860759 . _:b665798183 . _:b665798180 . _:b665798181 . _:b665798178 . _:b665860752 . _:b665798179 . _:b665798176 . _:b665798177 . _:b665798174 . _:b666239046 "Portion of the alimentary canal bounded anteriorly by the pyloric sphincter and posteriorly by the cloacal sphincter.[AAO]"^^ . _:b665860753 . _:b665862009 "b is a site means: b is a three-dimensional immaterial entity that is (partially or wholly) bounded by a material entity or it is a three-dimensional immaterial part thereof. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [034-002])"@en . _:b665798175 . _:b665798172 . _:b665798173 . _:b665798170 . _:b665863127 . _:b665860754 . _:b665798171 . _:b665798168 . _:b665798169 . _:b665798166 . _:b665860755 . _:b665798167 . _:b665798164 . _:b665798165 . _:b663516853 . _:b665798162 . _:b665798163 . _:b665860780 . _:b665798160 . _:b665798161 . _:b665798158 . _:b665798159 . _:b665860781 . _:b665798156 . _:b665798157 . _:b665862840 . _:b665798154 . _:b665798155 . _:b665860782 . _:b665798152 . _:b665798153 . _:b665862841 . _:b663516854 . _:b665862833 . _:b665798150 . _:b665798151 . _:b665860783 . _:b665798148 . _:b665798149 . _:b665862842 . _:b665798146 . _:b665798147 . _:b665860776 . _:b665798144 . _:b665798145 . _:b665862843 . _:b665798654 . _:b665798655 . _:b665860777 . _:b665798652 . _:b665798653 . _:b665798650 . _:b665798651 . _:b665862358 . _:b665860778 . _:b665798648 . _:b665798649 . _:b665862845 . _:b665798646 . _:b665798647 . _:b665860779 . _:b665798644 . _:b665798645 . _:b665798642 . _:b665860772 . _:b665798643 . _:b663516837 . _:b665798640 . _:b665798641 . _:b665798638 . _:b665860625 . _:b665862363 . _:b665860773 . _:b665798639 . _:b665798636 . _:b665798584 "url:https://www.foodsafety.gov/poisoning/causes/bacteriaviruses/salmonella" . _:b665862832 . _:b665798637 . _:b665798634 . _:b665798635 . _:b665860774 . _:b665798632 . _:b665798633 . _:b665798630 . _:b665798631 . _:b665860794 "upper intestine"^^ . _:b665860775 . _:b665798628 . _:b665798629 . _:b665862834 . _:b665798626 . _:b665860768 . _:b665798627 . _:b665798624 . _:b665798625 . _:b665862835 . _:b665798622 . _:b665860769 . _:b665798623 . _:b663516586 . _:b665860629 . _:b663516832 . _:b665798620 . _:b665798621 . _:b665860857 . _:b663521078 . _:b665862844 . _:b665798618 . _:b665860770 . _:b665798619 . _:b665798616 . _:b665798617 . _:b663521073 . _:b665798614 . _:b665860771 . _:b665862973 . _:b665798615 . _:b663515738 "Every temporal region t is such that t occupies_temporal_region t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [119-002])"@en . _:b665806280 . _:b665798612 . _:b665798613 . _:b665862838 . _:b665862738 "(forall (x) (if (exists (t) (and (existsAt x t) (Quality x))) (forall (t_1) (if (existsAt x t_1) (Quality x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [105-001] " . _:b665798610 . _:b665798611 . _:b665862974 . _:b665860796 . _:b665798608 . _:b665806281 . _:b665798609 . _:b665862839 . _:b665798606 . _:b665798607 . _:b665862975 . _:b665860797 . _:b665798604 . _:b665806282 . _:b665798605 . _:b665798602 . _:b663516862 . _:b665860798 . _:b665798603 . _:b665798600 . _:b665798601 . _:b666238456 "posterior intestine"^^ . _:b665798598 . _:b665798599 . _:b665862337 . _:b665860799 . _:b665798596 . _:b665798597 . _:b665862826 . _:b663516856 . _:b665862818 . _:b665798594 . _:b665798595 . _:b665860792 . _:b665798592 . _:b665798593 . _:b665862827 . _:b663516744 "VHOG:0001751"^^ . _:b665798590 . _:b665798591 . _:b665862971 . _:b665860793 . _:b665798588 . _:b665798589 . _:b665862828 . _:b665798586 . _:b665798587 . _:b665862980 . _:b665860794 . _:b665798584 . _:b665798585 . _:b665862829 . _:b665798582 . _:b663516859 . _:b665862981 . _:b665860795 . _:b665798583 . _:b665798580 . _:b663516674 "UMLS:C0021853"^^ . _:b666238192 . _:b665862830 . _:b665798581 . _:b663516876 . _:b665862822 . _:b665798578 . _:b665798579 . _:b665862982 . _:b665860788 . _:b665860733 . _:b665798576 . _:b665798577 . _:b665862831 . _:b665798574 . _:b665798575 . _:b665862983 . _:b665860789 . _:b665798572 . _:b665798573 . _:b665862816 . _:b665798570 . _:b665798571 . _:b665862976 . _:b665860790 . _:b665860735 . _:b665798568 . _:b665798569 . _:b665862817 . _:b665798566 . _:b665798567 . _:b665862977 . _:b665860791 . _:b665798564 . _:b665798565 . _:b665798562 . _:b665798563 . _:b665862978 . _:b665862344 . _:b665860784 . _:b665798560 . _:b665798561 . _:b665862819 . _:b665798558 . _:b665798559 . _:b665862979 . _:b665860785 . _:b665798556 . _:b665806278 . _:b665798557 . _:b665798554 . _:b665798555 . _:b665860786 . _:b665798552 . _:b665806279 . _:b665798553 . _:b663516793 . _:b665798550 . _:b665798551 . _:b665860787 . _:b665798548 . _:b665798549 . _:b665860777 . _:b663516792 . _:b665798546 . _:b665860684 . _:b665798547 . _:b665798544 . _:b665798545 . _:b665862823 . _:b663516795 . _:b665798542 . _:b665860685 . _:b665862987 _:b665862988 . _:b665798543 . _:b665798540 . _:b665798541 . _:b665860779 . _:b663516794 . _:b665798538 . _:b665860686 . _:b665798539 . _:b665806113 "(forall (x t) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (SpatialRegion y) (spatiallyProjectsOntoAt x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [099-001] " . _:b665798536 . _:b665798537 . _:b665860778 . _:b663516797 . _:b665798534 . _:b665860687 . _:b665798535 . _:b665798532 . _:b665798533 . _:b665860781 . _:b663516796 . _:b665798530 . _:b665860680 . _:b665798531 . _:b665798528 . _:b665798529 . _:b665862811 . _:b665861452 "UMLS:C0038351"^^ . _:b665860780 . _:b665798526 . _:b665860681 . _:b665798527 . _:b665798524 . _:b665798525 . _:b665862812 . _:b665860783 . _:b663516798 . _:b665798522 . _:b663520787 "Every entity which has a material entity as continuant part is a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [020-002])"@en . _:b665798523 . _:b665860682 . _:b665798520 . _:b665798521 . _:b665862813 . _:b665860782 . _:b665798518 . _:b666209606 . _:b665860683 . _:b665798519 . _:b665798516 . _:b665798517 . _:b665862814 . _:b665798514 . _:b665862806 . _:b665860676 . _:b665862388 . _:b665798515 . _:b665798512 . _:b665798513 . _:b665862815 . _:b665798510 . _:b665860677 . _:b665798511 . _:b665798508 . _:b665798509 . _:b665862800 . _:b665798506 . _:b665860678 . _:b665798507 . _:b665798504 . _:b665798505 . _:b665862801 . _:b665798502 . _:b665860679 . _:b665798503 . _:b665798500 . _:b663521180 . _:b663515731 "A spatial region is a continuant entity that is a continuant_part_of spaceR as defined relative to some frame R. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [035-001])"@en . _:b665798501 . _:b665798498 . _:b665860672 . _:b665798499 . _:b665798496 . _:b665798497 . _:b663516642 . _:b665798494 . _:b665860673 . _:b665862399 . _:b665798495 . _:b663913960 "A continuant is an entity that persists, endures, or continues to exist through time while maintaining its identity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [008-002])"@en . _:b665798492 . _:b665798493 . _:b665798490 . _:b665860674 . _:b665798491 . _:b665798488 . _:b663521183 . _:b665798489 . _:b665798486 . _:b665860675 . _:b665798487 . _:b665798484 . _:b665798485 . _:b665798482 . _:b665860700 . _:b665798483 . _:b665798480 . _:b665798481 . _:b665862807 . _:b665798478 . _:b665860701 . _:b665798479 . _:b665798476 . _:b665798477 . _:b665798474 . _:b665860702 . _:b665798475 . _:b665798472 . _:b665798473 . _:b665798470 . _:b665860703 . _:b665862369 . _:b665798471 . _:b665798468 . _:b665798469 . _:b666238951 . _:b665798466 . _:b665860696 . _:b665798467 . _:b665798464 . _:b665798465 . _:b665798462 . _:b665860697 . _:b665798463 . _:b665798460 . _:b665798461 . _:b665862796 . _:b665798458 . _:b665860698 . _:b666238295 . _:b665862374 . _:b665798459 . _:b665798456 . _:b665798501 "A two-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of two dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [039-001])"@en . _:b665862223 "intestinum rectum"^^ . _:b665861915 . _:b665798457 . _:b665798454 . _:b665860699 . _:b665798455 . _:b665798452 . _:b663914288 . _:b665798453 . _:b665798450 . _:b665860692 . _:b665798451 . _:b665798448 . _:b665798449 . _:b665798446 . _:b666239078 . _:b665860693 . _:b665798447 . _:b665798444 . _:b665798445 . _:b665861910 . _:b665798442 . _:b665860694 . _:b665798443 . _:b665798440 . _:b663914291 . _:b665798441 . _:b665798438 . _:b665860695 . _:b665798439 . _:b665798436 . _:b665798437 . _:b663914292 . _:b665798434 . _:b665860688 . _:b665862151 "ncithesaurus:Intestine"^^ . _:b665798435 . _:b665798432 . _:b665861258 "ISBN:978-3-938793-98-5pp124-158#Thomas Bittner and Barry Smith, 'A Theory of Granular Partitions', in K. Munn and B. Smith (eds.), Applied Ontology: An Introduction, Frankfurt/Lancaster: ontos, 2008, 125-158." . _:b663914293 . _:b665798433 . _:b665798430 . _:b665862795 . _:b665860689 . _:b665798431 . _:b665798428 . _:b665798429 . _:b663913915 . _:b666209631 . _:b665798426 . _:b665860690 . _:b665798427 . _:b665798424 . _:b663914295 . _:b665798425 . _:b665798422 . _:b665860691 . _:b665798423 . _:b665798420 . _:b665798421 . _:b665798418 . _:b665860716 . _:b665862380 . _:b665798419 . _:b665798416 . _:b665798417 . _:b665861905 . _:b665798414 . _:b665860717 . _:b665798415 . _:b663913913 . _:b665798412 . _:b665798413 . _:b665798410 . _:b665860718 . _:b665798411 . _:b663913912 . _:b665798408 . _:b663914283 . _:b665862905 . _:b665798409 . _:b665798406 . _:b665860719 . _:b665798407 . _:b665798404 . _:b663914284 . _:b665862906 . _:b665861900 . _:b665798405 . _:b665798402 . _:b666239081 . _:b665862898 . _:b665860712 . _:b665798403 . _:b665798400 . _:b665798401 . _:b665797886 . _:b665860713 . _:b665797887 . _:b665797884 . _:b665797885 . _:b665797882 . _:b665860714 . _:b665797883 . _:b665797880 . _:b665797881 . _:b665797878 . _:b665860715 . _:b665797879 . _:b665797876 . _:b665797877 . _:b665862910 . _:b665797874 . _:b665860708 . _:b665797875 . _:b665797872 . _:b665797873 . _:b665862911 . _:b665797870 . _:b665860709 . _:b665797871 . _:b665797868 . _:b665797869 . _:b665797866 . _:b665862904 . _:b665860710 . _:b665797867 . _:b665797864 . _:b665797865 . _:b665797862 . _:b665860711 . _:b665797863 . _:b665797860 . _:b665861342 . _:b665797861 . _:b665797858 . _:b665860704 . _:b665797859 . _:b665797856 . _:b663914277 . _:b665862899 . _:b665797857 . _:b665797854 . _:b665860705 . _:b665797855 . _:b665797852 . _:b665797853 . _:b665862900 . _:b665797850 . _:b665860706 . _:b665797851 . _:b663913911 . _:b665797848 . _:b665797849 . _:b665797846 . _:b665862909 . _:b665860707 . _:b665797847 . _:b665797844 . _:b665863062 . _:b665797845 . _:b663914257 "ncithesaurus:Cecum"^^ . _:b665797842 . _:b665860732 . _:b665860824 . _:b665797843 . _:b665797840 . _:b665797841 . _:b665797838 . _:b665860733 . _:b665797839 . _:b665797836 . _:b663914266 . _:b665797837 . _:b665805533 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b665797834 . _:b665860734 . _:b665797835 . _:b665797832 . _:b665797833 . _:b665862889 . _:b665797830 . _:b665860735 . _:b665797831 . _:b665797828 . _:b665797829 . _:b665862890 . _:b665797826 . _:b665860728 . _:b665797827 . _:b665797824 . _:b666208867 "A cecum is present in most amniote species, and also in lungfish, but not in any living species of amphibian. In reptiles, it is usually a single median structure, arising from the dorsal side of the large intestine. Birds typically have two paired ceca, as, unlike other mammals, do hyraxes. Most mammalian herbivores have a relatively large cecum, hosting a large number of bacteria, which aid in the enzymatic breakdown of plant materials such as cellulose; in many species, it is considerably wider than the colon. In contrast, obligatory carnivores, whose diets contain little or no plant material, have a reduced cecum, which is often partially or wholly replaced by the vermiform appendix. Many fish have a number of small outpocketings, called pyloric ceca, along their intestine; despite the name they are not homologous with the cecum of amniotes, and their purpose is to increase the overall area of the digestive epithelium.[2] Some invertebrates, such as squid,[3] may also have structures with the same name, but these have no relationship with those of vertebrates."^^ . _:b665797825 . _:b666239274 "The pharynx is the part of the digestive system immediately posterior to the mouth[GO]."^^ . _:b665862891 . _:b665797822 . _:b666209357 "(forall (r) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [107-002] " . _:b665860729 . _:b665797823 . _:b665797820 . _:b666239098 . _:b663914270 . _:b665862892 . _:b665797821 . _:b665797818 . _:b665860730 . _:b665797819 . _:b665797816 . _:b665797817 . _:b665797814 . _:b665860731 . _:b665797815 . _:b665797812 . _:b665797813 . _:b665797810 . _:b665860724 . _:b666238433 . _:b665797811 . _:b665797808 . _:b665797809 . _:b665797806 . _:b665860725 . _:b666238434 . _:b665797807 . _:b665797804 . _:b665797805 . _:b665862880 . _:b665797802 . _:b665860726 . _:b665797803 . _:b665797800 . _:b665797801 . _:b665862881 . _:b665797798 . _:b665860727 . _:b665797799 . _:b665797796 . _:b665797797 . _:b665862882 . _:b665797794 . _:b665860720 . _:b665797795 . _:b665797792 . _:b665797793 . _:b665862883 . _:b665797790 . _:b665860895 . _:b665860721 . _:b665797791 . _:b665797788 . _:b665797789 . _:b665797786 . _:b665860722 . _:b665797787 . _:b663914441 . _:b665797784 . _:b665797785 . _:b665797782 . _:b665860723 . _:b665797783 . _:b665797780 . _:b665797781 . _:b665797778 . _:b666209657 . _:b665860620 . _:b665797779 . _:b665797776 . _:b665797777 . _:b665797774 . _:b665860621 . _:b665797775 . _:b665797772 . _:b665797773 . _:b665797770 . _:b665862864 . _:b665860622 . _:b665797771 . _:b665797768 . _:b665797769 . _:b665862873 . _:b665797766 . _:b665860623 . _:b665797767 . _:b665797764 . _:b663914252 . _:b665797765 . _:b665797762 . _:b665860616 . _:b665797763 . _:b665797760 . _:b663520777 "(iff (GenericallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (exists (b t) (genericallyDependsOnAt a b t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [074-001] " . _:b665797761 . _:b665797758 . _:b666239035 . _:b665860617 . _:b665797759 . _:b665797756 . _:b663914254 . _:b665862876 . _:b665797757 . _:b665797754 . _:b666239036 . _:b665860618 . _:b665797755 . _:b665797752 . _:b665797753 . _:b665862877 . _:b665797750 . _:b666239037 . _:b665860619 . _:b665797751 . _:b665797748 . _:b663914240 . _:b665862878 . _:b665797749 . _:b665797746 . _:b666239038 . _:b665860612 . _:b665863133 . _:b665862324 . _:b665797747 . _:b665797744 . _:b663913340 . _:b665862879 . _:b665797745 . _:b665797742 . _:b666239039 . _:b665860613 . _:b665797743 . _:b665797740 . _:b665797741 . _:b666239319 . _:b665797738 . _:b665862872 . _:b665860614 . _:b665797739 . _:b665797736 . _:b666239169 . _:b665797737 . _:b665862865 . _:b665797734 . _:b665860615 . _:b666238338 . _:b665797735 . _:b665797732 . _:b666239168 . _:b665797733 . _:b665797730 . _:b663519996 "(iff (Process a) (and (Occurrent a) (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)) (exists (c t) (and (MaterialEntity c) (specificallyDependsOnAt a c t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [083-003] " . _:b665797731 . _:b665860608 . _:b665797728 . _:b666239171 . _:b663914245 . _:b665797729 . _:b665797726 . _:b665860609 . _:b665797727 . _:b665797724 . _:b666239170 . _:b665797725 . _:b665862868 . _:b665797722 . _:b665860610 . _:b665797723 . _:b665797720 . _:b665797721 . _:b665862869 . _:b665797718 . _:b665860611 . _:b665797719 . _:b665797716 . _:b666239172 . _:b663914360 . _:b665862870 . _:b665797717 . _:b665797714 . _:b665860636 . _:b665797715 . _:b665797712 . _:b663914361 . _:b665862871 . _:b665797713 . _:b665797710 . _:b665860637 . _:b665797711 . _:b665797708 . _:b665797709 . _:b665862856 . _:b665797706 . _:b665860638 . _:b665797707 . _:b665797704 . _:b665797705 . _:b665797702 . _:b665862849 . _:b665860639 . _:b665797703 . _:b665797700 . _:b663914364 . _:b665797701 . . _:b665797698 . _:b665860632 . _:b665797699 . _:b665797696 . _:b665797697 . _:b665797694 . _:b665860633 . _:b665797695 . _:b663914413 . _:b665797692 . _:b665797693 . _:b665862860 . _:b665797690 . _:b665860634 . _:b665797691 . _:b665797688 . _:b663914367 . _:b665862861 . _:b665797689 . _:b665797686 . _:b665860635 . _:b665797687 . _:b663516564 . _:b665797684 . _:b663516629 . _:b665797685 . _:b665797682 . _:b665860628 . _:b665862308 . _:b665797683 . _:b665797680 . _:b665797681 . _:b666238127 "(forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (TemporalRegion y) (temporallyProjectsOnto x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [098-001] " . _:b665797678 . _:b665862855 . _:b665860629 . _:b665797679 . _:b665797676 . _:b663914354 . _:b665862848 . _:b665797677 . _:b665797674 . _:b665860630 . _:b665797675 . _:b665797672 . _:b663914355 . _:b665797673 . _:b665797670 . _:b665860631 . _:b665862313 . _:b665797671 . _:b665797668 . _:b665797669 . _:b665862850 . _:b665797666 . _:b665860624 . _:b665797667 . _:b665797664 . _:b663521174 . _:b665797665 . _:b665797662 . _:b665862859 . _:b663516563 . _:b665862319 . _:b665797663 . _:b665860625 . _:b665797660 . _:b665797661 . _:b665797658 . _:b663516562 . _:b665797659 . _:b665860626 . _:b663516652 . _:b665797656 . _:b665797657 . _:b665862853 . _:b665797654 . _:b665860627 . _:b665797655 . _:b665797652 . _:b663516566 . _:b665862854 . _:b665797653 . _:b665797650 . _:b666238443 "UMLS:C0022378"^^ . _:b665860652 . _:b665797651 . _:b665797648 . _:b665797649 . _:b665797646 . _:b665860653 . _:b665797647 . _:b665798744 "AAO:0000145"^^ . _:b663515866 . _:b665797644 . _:b663914346 . _:b665797645 . _:b665797642 . _:b666209683 . _:b665860654 . _:b665797643 . _:b663914359 . _:b665797640 . _:b665861953 "Spatial region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the union of a spatial point and a spatial line that doesn't overlap the point, or two spatial lines that intersect at a single point. In both cases the resultant spatial region is neither 0-dimensional, 1-dimensional, 2-dimensional, or 3-dimensional."@en . _:b663516565 . _:b665797641 . _:b665797638 . _:b665860655 . _:b665797639 . _:b665797636 . _:b665797637 . _:b663516554 . _:b665797634 . _:b665860648 . _:b665797635 . _:b665797632 . _:b663914349 . _:b665797633 . _:b663516555 . _:b665798142 . _:b665860649 . _:b665798143 . _:b665798140 . _:b665798141 . _:b665798138 . _:b665860650 . _:b665798139 . _:b663516553 . _:b665798136 . _:b663914351 . _:b665798137 . _:b665798134 . _:b665860651 . _:b665798135 . _:b665798132 . _:b665798133 . _:b665798130 . _:b665860898 . _:b665860644 . _:b665798131 . _:b665798128 . _:b665798129 . _:b665798126 . _:b663516552 . _:b665798127 . _:b665860645 . _:b665798124 . _:b665798125 . _:b665798122 . _:b665860646 . _:b665798123 . _:b665798120 . _:b665806384 . _:b665798121 . _:b665798118 . _:b666209674 . _:b665806386 . _:b665798119 . _:b665860647 . _:b663516547 . _:b665798116 . _:b665806385 . _:b665798117 . _:b663516548 . _:b666209581 . _:b665798114 . _:b663516546 . _:b665798115 . _:b665860640 . _:b665798112 . _:b665798113 . _:b665798110 . _:b665860641 . _:b665798111 . _:b665798108 . _:b665798109 . _:b665798106 . _:b665860642 . _:b665798107 . _:b665798104 . _:b666238440 "3"^^ . _:b665805619 "EHDAA2"^^ . _:b665798105 . _:b665798102 . _:b665860643 . _:b665798103 . _:b665798100 . _:b665798101 . _:b665798098 . _:b666238581 . _:b663516550 . _:b665798099 . _:b665860668 . _:b663516551 . _:b665798096 . _:b665798097 . _:b663516545 . _:b666209664 . _:b665798094 . _:b665860669 . _:b665798095 . _:b663516549 . _:b665798092 . _:b665798093 . _:b665798090 . _:b665860670 . _:b665798091 . _:b663914415 . _:b665798088 . _:b665798089 . _:b666238582 . _:b665798086 . _:b665860671 . _:b665863136 . _:b665798087 . _:b665798084 . _:b665798085 . _:b666238206 . _:b665798082 . _:b665860664 . _:b665798083 . _:b663516645 . _:b665798080 . _:b663516544 . _:b665798081 . _:b665798078 . _:b665860665 . _:b665798079 . _:b665798076 . _:b666238449 "3"^^ . _:b665798077 . _:b665798074 . _:b665860666 . _:b665798075 . _:b665798072 . _:b665798073 . _:b665798070 . _:b665860667 . _:b665798071 . _:b663914404 . _:b665798068 . _:b665798069 . _:b665862389 . _:b665798066 . _:b665860660 . _:b665798067 . _:b665798064 . _:b665798065 . _:b665798062 . _:b665860661 . _:b665798063 . _:b665798060 . _:b665798061 . _:b665798058 . _:b665860662 . _:b665798059 . _:b665798056 . _:b665798057 . _:b665798054 . _:b665860663 . _:b665798055 . _:b665798052 . _:b663914324 . _:b665798053 . _:b665806368 . _:b665798050 . _:b663914356 . _:b665860656 . _:b665798051 . _:b663914401 . _:b665798048 . _:b665798049 . _:b665798046 . _:b665860657 . _:b665798047 . _:b665798044 . _:b665798045 . _:b665798042 . _:b665860658 . _:b665798043 . _:b665798040 . _:b665798041 . _:b665798038 . _:b665860659 . _:b665798039 . _:b663516559 . _:b665798036 . _:b665798037 . _:b665798034 . _:b665798035 . _:b665861580 . _:b665798032 . _:b663516558 . _:b665798033 . _:b663520124 . _:b665798030 . _:b663516743 . _:b665798031 . _:b665861581 . _:b665798028 . _:b663516557 . _:b665798029 . _:b665798026 . _:b665798027 . _:b665861582 . _:b663516556 . _:b665798024 . _:b663914315 . _:b665798025 . _:b665798022 . _:b666209594 . _:b665798023 . _:b665861583 . _:b665798020 . _:b665806361 . _:b665798021 . _:b665798018 . _:b665798019 . _:b665861576 . _:b663520439 "To say that spatiotemporal region s spatially_projects_onto spatial region r at t is to say that r is the spatial extent of s at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [081-003])"@en . _:b665798016 . _:b665798017 . _:b665798014 . _:b665798015 . _:b665861577 . _:b665798012 . _:b665798013 . _:b665798010 . _:b665798011 . _:b665861578 . _:b665798008 . _:b665798669 . _:b665798009 . _:b665798006 . _:b665798007 . _:b665861579 . _:b665861263 "b is a site means: b is a three-dimensional immaterial entity that is (partially or wholly) bounded by a material entity or it is a three-dimensional immaterial part thereof. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [034-002])"@en . _:b665798004 . _:b666208333 . _:b663914304 . _:b665798005 . _:b665798002 . _:b665798003 . _:b665861572 . _:b665798000 . _:b665798001 . _:b665797998 . _:b665797999 . _:b665861573 . _:b663516567 . _:b665797996 . _:b663516569 . _:b665797997 . _:b663516561 . _:b663516766 . _:b665797994 . _:b665797995 . _:b665861574 . _:b665797992 . _:b666208328 . _:b663516560 . _:b665797993 . _:b665797990 . _:b665797991 . _:b665861575 . _:b665797988 . _:b665797989 . _:b665797986 . _:b665797987 . _:b665861568 . _:b663516568 . _:b665797984 . _:b665797985 . _:b665797982 . _:b663914418 . _:b665861569 . _:b665797983 . _:b665797980 . _:b665797981 . _:b665797978 . _:b665797979 . _:b666209778 . _:b665861570 . _:b665797976 . _:b665806350 . _:b665797977 . _:b665806348 . _:b665797974 . _:b665797975 . _:b666209777 . _:b665861571 . _:b665797972 . _:b663914424 . _:b665797973 . _:b665797970 . _:b665806349 . _:b665861596 . _:b665797971 . _:b665797968 . _:b665797969 . _:b665860755 . _:b665797966 . _:b665797967 . _:b665861597 . _:b665797964 . _:b663914426 . _:b665797965 . _:b665860754 . _:b665797962 . _:b665797963 . _:b665861598 . _:b665797960 . _:b665797961 . _:b665860753 . _:b665861407 . _:b665797958 . _:b665797959 . _:b665861599 . _:b665797956 . _:b665797957 . _:b665860752 . _:b665797954 . _:b665797955 . _:b665861592 . _:b665797952 . _:b663914429 . _:b665797953 . _:b665860751 . _:b665797950 . _:b665797951 . _:b665861593 . _:b665797948 . _:b665797949 . _:b665797946 . _:b665797947 . _:b665861594 . _:b665797944 . _:b665797945 . _:b665860749 . _:b665797942 . _:b663515840 . _:b665861595 . _:b665797943 . _:b665797940 . _:b665797941 . _:b665860748 . _:b665797938 . _:b665797939 . _:b665861588 . _:b665797936 . _:b666239167 . _:b665797937 . _:b665797934 . _:b665797935 . _:b665861589 . _:b665797932 . _:b666239166 . _:b665797933 . _:b665797930 . _:b665797931 . _:b665861590 . _:b665797928 . _:b663914419 . _:b665797929 . _:b663520999 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b665797926 . _:b663516152 . _:b665861591 . _:b665797927 . _:b665797924 . _:b663914420 . _:b665797925 . _:b663520998 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b665797922 . _:b665797923 . _:b665861584 . _:b665797920 . _:b666238430 "3"^^ . _:b663914421 . _:b665797921 . _:b665806337 . _:b665797918 . _:b665806336 . _:b665861585 . _:b665797919 . _:b663914344 . _:b665797916 . _:b665797917 . _:b665861455 . _:b665797914 . _:b665797915 . _:b665861586 . _:b665797912 . _:b665797913 . _:b665797910 . _:b665863016 . _:b665797911 . _:b665861587 . _:b665797908 . _:b665797909 . _:b665797906 . _:b666239213 . _:b666209689 "lower intestine"^^ . _:b665797907 . _:b665861612 . _:b665797904 . _:b665797905 . _:b665797902 . _:b665797903 . _:b665861613 . _:b665797900 . _:b665797901 . _:b665797898 . _:b665797899 . _:b665861614 . _:b665798524 "(forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [037-001] " . _:b665797896 . _:b665797897 . _:b665797894 . _:b665863020 . _:b665797895 . _:b665861615 . _:b665797892 . _:b665797893 . _:b665797890 . _:b665797891 . _:b665861608 . _:b665797888 . _:b663521001 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b665797889 . _:b665861609 . _:b663521000 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b663914261 "ceca"^^ . _:b665861610 . _:b665861611 . _:b665861265 . _:b665861604 . _:b663516756 . _:b665861605 . _:b665861606 . _:b665861607 . _:b665861600 . . _:b665861601 . _:b663914357 . _:b665862312 . _:b663516755 . _:b665861602 . _:b665862721 "(forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [095-001] " . _:b663914407 . _:b665861683 . _:b665861603 . _:b663515516 _:b663515518 . _:b665861933 "if b is a continuant and if, for some t, c has_continuant_part b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [126-001])"@en . _:b665861628 . _:b665862315 . _:b663914393 . _:b663914306 . _:b665861629 . _:b663914394 . _:b663913401 . _:b665861630 . _:b665861631 . _:b666238391 "3"^^ . _:b663515518 _:b663515517 . _:b666209525 . _:b665861624 . _:b665806440 . _:b665861625 . _:b663515513 _:b663515512 . _:b665861626 . _:b666238381 "VHOG:0001559"^^ . _:b663520791 "(forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [020-002] " . _:b665861627 . _:b663515515 _:b663515514 . _:b665861620 . _:b665862307 . _:b663914385 . _:b665861621 . _:b663515504 _:b663515503 . _:b663516753 "VHOG:0001559"^^ . _:b663515510 _:b663515509 . _:b665861622 . _:b663515508 _:b663515507 . _:b663515511 _:b663515513 . _:b663914316 . _:b665861623 . _:b665862310 . _:b663914388 . _:b665861616 . _:b663515507 _:b663515506 . _:b665861617 . _:b665798681 . _:b663914390 . _:b666209535 . _:b665861618 . _:b663516111 . _:b665861619 . _:b663515505 _:b663515504 . _:b663516014 "intestinum crassum cecum"^^ . . _:b663914376 . _:b665861516 . _:b665861517 . _:b665806431 . _:b663914378 . _:b665861422 . _:b665861518 . _:b663914379 . _:b663914411 . _:b663515498 _:b663515497 . _:b663515499 _:b663515498 . _:b665861519 . _:b663515496 _:b663515495 . _:b663914380 . _:b663914412 . _:b663914325 . _:b665861512 . _:b663515501 _:b663515500 . _:b665862274 . _:b665861513 . _:b665805688 . _:b665806422 . _:b663914362 . _:b663515503 _:b663515502 . _:b665861514 . _:b665805689 . _:b665806423 . _:b665861981 "(forall (x t) (if (and (RealizableEntity x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (specificallyDepends x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [063-002] " . _:b663914396 . _:b665861515 . _:b665806421 . _:b666209535 "The tract of the alimentary canal. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b666209577 . _:b665861508 . _:b665798958 _:b665798964 . _:b663515490 _:b663515489 . _:b665861509 . _:b665805684 . _:b663914370 . _:b663914399 . _:b665861510 . _:b665805685 . _:b663914371 . _:b666209578 . _:b665861511 . _:b665805686 . _:b663515489 _:b663515488 . _:b663515495 _:b663515494 . _:b665861504 . _:b665805687 . _:b665861505 . _:b663515494 _:b663515493 . _:b665861438 . _:b665861506 . _:b663515492 _:b663515491 . _:b663914375 . _:b663520693 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b665861507 . _:b665861529 . _:b665861532 . _:b666208912 "ncithesaurus:Small_Intestine"^^ . _:b665805683 . _:b665861528 . _:b665862247 "UMLS:C0009368"^^ . _:b665806412 . _:b665861533 . _:b663515472 _:b663515471 . _:b663515478 _:b663515477 . _:b665805398 "ISBN:978-3-938793-98-5pp124-158#Thomas Bittner and Barry Smith, 'A Theory of Granular Partitions', in K. Munn and B. Smith (eds.), Applied Ontology: An Introduction, Frankfurt/Lancaster: ontos, 2008, 125-158." . _:b665861534 . _:b663515476 _:b663515475 . _:b663515477 _:b663515476 . _:b665861435 . _:b666208788 "AAO:0000246"^^ . _:b665861535 . _:b665861603 . _:b663516438 . _:b665861528 . _:b663515474 _:b663515473 . _:b665861529 . _:b665806411 . _:b665861530 . _:b663914057 "Continuant fiat boundary doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary and a one dimensional continuant fiat boundary that doesn't overlap it. The situation is analogous to temporal and spatial regions."@en . _:b666209657 "VHOG:0000055"^^ . _:b665861531 . _:b663515473 _:b663515472 . _:b665861524 . _:b663515485 _:b663515484 . _:b663516566 "(iff (ZeroDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [031-001] " . _:b665861525 . _:b665861523 . _:b663515487 _:b663515486 . _:b665861526 . _:b663520317 "ISBN:0-683-40008-8"^^ . _:b665860706 "UMLS:C0038351"^^ . _:b665806351 "ncithesaurus:Esophagus"^^ . _:b663515960 . _:b665861527 . _:b663516433 . _:b665861525 . _:b663516456 . _:b663515486 _:b663515485 . _:b665861520 . _:b665861524 . _:b663914286 . _:b665861521 . _:b663515481 _:b663515480 . _:b665861527 . _:b663516428 . _:b665861522 . _:b665806522 . _:b665861526 . _:b663515483 _:b663515482 . _:b665861523 . _:b663515480 _:b663515479 . _:b663516460 . _:b665861548 . _:b665861549 . _:b663515829 . _:b665861550 . _:b665861551 . _:b663516469 . _:b663515953 . _:b665861544 . _:b663516423 . _:b666209302 "100.0"^^ . _:b665861545 . _:b663516466 . _:b665861546 . _:b665798890 "FMA:71131"^^ . _:b663914296 . _:b665861547 . _:b663516468 . _:b663516465 . _:b665798891 "FMA:71131"^^ . _:b665861540 . _:b663515470 _:b663515474 . _:b665861541 . _:b663516473 . _:b663516467 . _:b663515465 _:b663515469 . _:b665861542 . _:b663515467 _:b663515466 . _:b665861543 . _:b663516471 . _:b665805343 "For every independent continuant b and time t during the region of time spanned by its life, there are entities which s-depends_on b during t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [018-002])"@en . _:b665861536 . _:b666209297 "100.0"^^ . _:b663515468 _:b663515467 . _:b663515469 _:b663515468 . _:b665861537 . _:b663521022 . _:b665861538 . _:b665861539 . _:b666209292 "100.0"^^ . _:b665861564 . _:b663914242 . _:b665861565 . _:b663515523 _:b663515522 . _:b665861566 . _:b663515521 _:b663515523 . _:b665861567 . _:b665861560 . _:b663914282 . _:b665861561 . _:b665861562 . _:b666209287 "100.0"^^ . _:b663515525 _:b663515524 . _:b665861563 . _:b663516472 . _:b666239287 . _:b663515526 _:b663515528 . _:b663516477 . _:b663914276 . _:b663516687 . _:b665861556 . _:b663520985 "VHOG:0001751"^^ . _:b666239284 . _:b665861557 . _:b663516474 . _:b663516479 . _:b663914279 . _:b665861558 . _:b663516475 . _:b663516077 "VHOG:0000647"^^ . _:b663516478 . _:b663515530 _:b663515529 . _:b665861559 . _:b663515528 _:b663515527 . _:b663515531 _:b663515533 . _:b665861552 . _:b663914447 . _:b665805603 "VHOG:0000450"^^ . _:b663515533 _:b663515532 . _:b665861553 . _:b663516470 . _:b663914444 . _:b663515535 _:b663515534 . _:b665861554 . _:b665861555 . _:b666238395 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b663516476 . _:b665805679 "BTO:0000365"^^ . _:b663515543 _:b663515542 . _:b665861452 . _:b663515541 _:b663515544 . _:b663516688 . _:b665861453 . _:b663516464 . _:b665861454 . _:b663515540 _:b663515539 . _:b665861455 . _:b663516463 . _:b665862094 . _:b663516461 . _:b665861448 . _:b663515538 _:b663515537 . _:b663516462 . _:b665861449 . _:b665862256 . _:b665861450 . _:b665862228 . _:b665862257 . _:b665805680 "BTO:0000365"^^ . _:b666209654 . _:b663515536 _:b663515538 . _:b665862229 . _:b665861451 . . _:b663516457 . _:b665861444 . _:b665862230 . _:b663515548 _:b663515547 . _:b665806441 . _:b665806288 "Segment of the alimentary canal extending from the stomach to the anus and, in humans and other mammals, consists of two segments, the small intestine and the large intestine."^^ . _:b663516458 . _:b665862231 . _:b665861445 . _:b665806440 . _:b666238384 "ceca"^^ . _:b663516459 . _:b663914294 . _:b663914267 . _:b665861446 . _:b663515551 _:b663515550 . _:b663914435 . _:b665806443 . _:b665861447 . _:b665862225 . _:b663516453 . _:b663914436 . _:b665806442 . _:b663515550 _:b663515549 . _:b665861440 . _:b665806445 . _:b663516454 . _:b665861441 . _:b665862227 . _:b663516455 . _:b665806444 . _:b663515545 _:b663515548 . _:b663914438 . _:b663516452 . _:b665862236 . _:b665861442 . _:b663515547 _:b663515546 . _:b665862237 . _:b665861443 . _:b663515544 _:b663515543 . _:b663520758 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b665861468 . . _:b665861469 . _:b665798735 "gaster"^^ . _:b665861470 . _:b665862232 . _:b663515562 _:b663515561 . _:b663515563 _:b663515566 . _:b665862233 . _:b665861471 . _:b663515560 _:b663515559 . _:b663515792 "(forall (x) (if (Function x) (Disposition x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [064-001] " . _:b663516513 . _:b663516518 . _:b665862234 . _:b665861464 . _:b663516519 . _:b663515565 _:b663515564 . _:b665861465 . _:b665862235 . _:b663516515 . _:b663516516 . _:b665861466 . _:b665806439 . _:b665860731 "BTO:0001158"^^ . _:b665861467 . _:b665806438 . _:b663515566 _:b663515565 . _:b666209625 . _:b665860596 . _:b665861460 . _:b663516514 . _:b663515554 _:b663515557 . _:b663516510 . _:b665861461 . _:b663516511 . _:b665861570 . _:b665861462 . _:b663914219 . _:b663516512 . _:b666209626 . _:b665861463 . _:b663515553 _:b663515552 . _:b663515559 _:b663515558 . _:b665861456 . _:b665861266 "b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001])"@en . _:b665861457 . _:b665861458 . _:b663515556 _:b663515555 . _:b663515557 _:b663515556 . _:b663515581 _:b663515584 . _:b665861459 . _:b665861484 . _:b663515580 _:b663515579 . _:b665861485 . _:b663516520 . _:b663914206 . _:b663520704 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b663914229 . _:b665861486 . _:b663515583 _:b663515582 . _:b663914207 . _:b665861487 . _:b663516488 . _:b665861480 . _:b666208705 . _:b663516489 . _:b663516481 . _:b665861481 . _:b663516535 . _:b663520966 . _:b663515577 _:b663515576 . _:b663520934 . _:b663914231 . _:b665861482 . _:b663515578 _:b663515577 . _:b663520717 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b665861483 . _:b663515575 _:b663515574 . _:b665861476 . _:b665805588 "An expanded region of the vertebrate alimentary tract that serves as a food storage compartment and digestive organ. A stomach is lined, in whole or in part by a glandular epithelium."^^ . _:b665861477 . _:b663515568 _:b663515567 . _:b663515574 _:b663515573 . _:b663913994 "(forall (x) (if (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [039-001] " . _:b665861478 . _:b663515572 _:b663515575 . _:b663515904 . _:b666209610 . _:b665861479 . _:b666208762 . _:b666238359 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b663516132 "FMA:71131"^^ . _:b665861472 . _:b663516480 . _:b666209527 "BTO:0000706"^^ . _:b663515571 _:b663515570 . _:b665861473 . _:b663515520 _:b663515519 . _:b663516542 . _:b665861474 . _:b666238346 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b663516537 . _:b665861475 . _:b663516131 "FMA:71131"^^ . _:b663515569 _:b663515568 . _:b666209601 . _:b663515607 _:b663515606 . _:b665861500 . _:b663516536 . _:b666209600 . _:b663516541 . _:b665861501 . _:b665860656 . _:b663516543 . _:b663516730 . _:b666209603 . _:b663516540 . _:b665861502 . _:b663516538 . _:b663515604 _:b663515603 . _:b665860657 . _:b663515605 _:b663515604 . _:b663516539 . _:b666239202 . _:b665861503 . _:b663521013 . _:b665860658 . _:b663516482 . _:b663520722 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b665861496 . _:b665860659 . _:b663515602 _:b663515601 . _:b663516483 . _:b665861497 . _:b663520993 "UMLS:C0007531"^^ . _:b665861498 . _:b666239065 . _:b665798172 "The first chamber in the alimentary canal of a ruminant stomach, composed of the rumen and reticulum."^^ . _:b663914212 . _:b665861499 . _:b663516484 . _:b663515601 _:b663515600 . _:b665861492 . _:b665860655 . _:b663516485 . _:b663515613 _:b663515612 . _:b663516487 . _:b665861493 . _:b663516486 . _:b665861494 . _:b666209060 "To say that spatiotemporal region s spatially_projects_onto spatial region r at t is to say that r is the spatial extent of s at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [081-003])"@en . _:b665861495 . _:b663515614 _:b663515613 . _:b663516491 . _:b665861488 . _:b663914209 . _:b663516490 . _:b665861489 . _:b663515608 _:b663515611 . _:b663515584 _:b663515583 . _:b663516530 . _:b663516529 . _:b665861490 . _:b663516531 . _:b663515610 _:b663515609 . _:b663516528 . _:b665806431 "The first two fifth of the small intestine beyond the duodenum. It extends from the end of the duodenum to the ileum. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665861491 . _:b663515611 _:b663515610 . _:b663516533 . _:b663521012 . _:b665861388 . _:b663516532 . _:b663516534 . _:b663515586 _:b663515585 . _:b663516494 . _:b665861389 . _:b663515587 _:b663515586 . _:b663516492 . _:b663516495 . _:b665861390 . _:b665861187 "if b is a continuant and if, for some t, c has_continuant_part b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [126-001])"@en . _:b663516493 . _:b666208700 . _:b663516522 . _:b666239050 . _:b665861391 . _:b663516502 . _:b663516500 . _:b665861384 . _:b663516499 . _:b663516501 . _:b663516527 . _:b663516503 . _:b663516498 . _:b665861385 . _:b663516496 . _:b663516526 . _:b665861386 . _:b663516521 . _:b663516497 . _:b663516525 . _:b663516523 . _:b663515589 _:b663515588 . _:b665862687 "Simons uses different terminology for relations of occurrents to regions: Denote the spatio-temporal location of a given occurrent e by 'spn[e]' and call this region its span. We may say an occurrent is at its span, in any larger region, and covers any smaller region. Now suppose we have fixed a frame of reference so that we can speak not merely of spatio-temporal but also of spatial regions (places) and temporal regions (times). The spread of an occurrent, (relative to a frame of reference) is the space it exactly occupies, and its spell is likewise the time it exactly occupies. We write 'spr[e]' and `spl[e]' respectively for the spread and spell of e, omitting mention of the frame." . . _:b665861387 . _:b663516524 . _:b663515590 _:b663515593 . _:b663515599 _:b663515602 . _:b665861380 . _:b663515771 "Specifically dependent continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. We're not sure what else will develop here, but for example there are questions such as what are promises, obligation, etc."@en . _:b665861381 . _:b663515593 _:b663515592 . _:b665861382 . _:b663515595 _:b663515594 . _:b665861383 . _:b663515592 _:b663515591 . _:b665861376 . _:b663515596 _:b663515595 . _:b663516206 . _:b663516508 . _:b665861377 . _:b663516517 . _:b663516509 . _:b665861378 . _:b663520076 "url:http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf" . _:b665861379 . _:b663515598 _:b663515597 . _:b663516507 . _:b665861404 . _:b663914083 . _:b663515645 _:b663515644 . _:b663516506 . _:b665861405 . _:b663516504 . _:b665861406 . _:b663516505 . _:b663515806 . _:b665861407 . _:b663515803 . _:b663515811 . _:b663515823 . _:b663515815 . _:b663515646 _:b663515645 . _:b665861400 . _:b663515810 . _:b663515814 . _:b665798019 "ncithesaurus:Cecum"^^ . _:b665861484 "caecum"^^ . _:b665861401 . _:b663515801 . _:b663515641 _:b663515640 . _:b663515800 . _:b665861402 . _:b663515842 . _:b663914111 . _:b663515642 _:b663515641 . _:b663515643 _:b663515642 . _:b665861403 . _:b665860738 "VHOG:0001559"^^ . _:b663515639 _:b663515638 . _:b665861396 . _:b663515807 . _:b665861397 . _:b663515813 . _:b663515632 _:b663515631 . _:b663515802 . _:b663515638 _:b663515637 . _:b665806534 . _:b663515804 . _:b665861398 . _:b663515805 . _:b663515812 . _:b663515637 _:b663515636 . _:b663914089 . _:b665806535 . _:b665861399 . _:b665861392 . _:b663515634 _:b663515633 . _:b665861393 . _:b663914096 . _:b663515635 _:b663515639 . _:b665861394 . _:b663914093 . _:b665806434 . _:b663515799 . _:b663914160 . _:b665861395 . _:b663515821 . _:b665805333 "(forall (x) (if (Material Entity x) (exists (t) (and (TemporalRegion t) (existsAt x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [011-002] " . _:b663520907 . _:b665861420 . _:b665861421 . _:b663515625 _:b663515624 . _:b663516755 "caeca"^^ . _:b665861422 . _:b663515822 . _:b663515626 _:b663515629 . _:b665861423 . _:b663515784 . _:b663914165 . _:b665861416 . _:b663515628 _:b663515627 . _:b666238300 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b663515629 _:b663515628 . _:b663515785 . _:b665861417 . _:b663515787 . _:b663515616 _:b663515615 . _:b663515631 _:b663515630 . _:b665861418 . _:b663515786 . _:b665861419 . _:b665861412 . _:b663515619 _:b663515618 . _:b665861413 . _:b663914071 "(iff (ZeroDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [031-001] " . _:b665861414 . _:b663515788 . _:b665861415 . _:b663913713 . _:b663515617 _:b663515620 . _:b663515780 . _:b665861408 . _:b663515623 _:b663515622 . _:b663515777 . _:b665805678 "UMLS:C0013303"^^ . _:b663913712 . _:b663515776 . _:b665861409 . _:b663914174 . _:b663515778 . _:b663515622 _:b663515621 . _:b665861410 . _:b663515620 _:b663515619 . _:b663520953 . _:b663515781 . _:b665861411 . _:b663520952 . _:b665862096 . _:b663515783 . _:b665861436 . _:b663515779 . _:b663515782 . _:b665861437 . _:b663520954 . _:b665861438 . _:b663520949 . _:b665798816 "ISBN:0815318960"^^ . _:b665861439 . _:b665860496 "(forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [037-001] " . _:b665861432 . _:b665861433 . _:b663520950 . _:b665861434 . _:b665861435 . _:b663520936 . _:b665861428 . _:b665797884 . _:b665861429 . _:b665862743 . _:b665861430 . _:b665861431 . _:b665862741 . _:b663515789 . _:b665861424 . _:b663520943 . _:b666209532 . _:b665805664 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b663515791 . _:b665861425 . _:b665861426 . _:b665862738 . _:b663515790 . _:b665862691 "(forall (x) (if (Occurrent x) (exists (r) (and (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x r))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [108-001] " . _:b665863172 . _:b665861427 . _:b665862737 . _:b665863173 . _:b665861324 . _:b666208566 . _:b665860592 . _:b665863174 . _:b665861325 . _:b663515636 . _:b665863175 . _:b666209523 . _:b665861326 . _:b666208560 . _:b665863168 . _:b663515795 . _:b665861327 . _:b663515817 . _:b666208698 "A disease that manifests in a defined anatomical structure." . _:b663515796 . _:b665863169 . _:b663515794 . _:b665861320 . _:b663515816 . _:b663515819 . _:b663913992 "(forall (x) (if (TemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [100-001] " . _:b665862977 "cecum"^^ . _:b665863170 . _:b665861321 . _:b665862747 . _:b666208563 . _:b665863171 . _:b665861322 . _:b665861323 . _:b665862745 . _:b663515797 . _:b663515792 . _:b665861316 . _:b663515793 . _:b665861317 . _:b665862727 . _:b663515820 . _:b665861318 . _:b663515798 . _:b665861319 . _:b665798769 . _:b665862724 . _:b665861312 . _:b665798768 . _:b665861313 . _:b663515818 . _:b663515808 . _:b665861314 . _:b665862722 . _:b663515809 . _:b665861315 . _:b665862721 . _:b663520844 "1"^^ . _:b665862720 . _:b665861340 . _:b663520845 "1"^^ . _:b665861341 . _:b665798807 "The terminal region of the mid intestine is comprised of specialized enterocytes that appear to play a role in mucosal immunity. Wallace et al, 2005.[TAO]"^^ . _:b665862083 . _:b665861342 . _:b665862734 . _:b663914171 . _:b665861343 . _:b663914172 . _:b665861336 . _:b665862732 . _:b663914173 . _:b665861337 . _:b665862731 . _:b665861338 . _:b665861339 . _:b666208778 "A subdivision of the digestive tract that connects the small intestine to the cloaca or anus. Lacks or has few villi[Kardong]."^^ . _:b666239007 . _:b665861332 . _:b665862728 . _:b663914161 . _:b665861333 . _:b663914162 . _:b665861334 . _:b665805616 "ncithesaurus:Rectum"^^ . _:b663914163 . _:b665861335 . _:b665862773 . _:b663914164 . _:b665861328 . _:b665862772 . . _:b665861329 . _:b665862771 . _:b665861330 . _:b665861331 . _:b665861356 . _:b665861357 . _:b665798783 "ncithesaurus:Colon"^^ . _:b665861358 . _:b665862782 . _:b666208939 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663515901 . _:b665861359 . _:b665862781 . _:b665861352 . _:b665861353 . _:b663914048 "A one-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is extended. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [103-001])"@en . _:b663914158 . _:b665861354 . _:b665862778 . _:b663914159 . _:b665861355 . _:b665861348 . _:b665862776 . _:b665861349 . _:b665862759 . _:b666208930 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665862717 "Every spatiotemporal region s is such that s occupies_spatiotemporal_region s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [107-002])"@en . _:b665861350 . _:b665861351 . _:b665861344 . _:b665862756 . _:b665861235 "(forall (x t) (if (and (RealizableEntity x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (specificallyDepends x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [063-002] " . _:b665861345 . _:b663914138 . _:b665862754 . _:b665861346 . _:b665861347 . _:b665861372 . _:b665862752 . _:b663914143 . _:b665862270 . _:b665861373 . _:b665862767 . _:b663913624 . _:b663515884 . _:b665798932 . _:b665861374 . _:b665861375 . _:b665862765 . _:b666208920 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665861368 . _:b665862764 . _:b665806135 "(iff (SpecificallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (forall (t) (if (existsAt a t) (exists (b) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (not (SpatialRegion b)) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [050-003] " . _:b663913554 . _:b665861369 . _:b663520125 . _:b663516075 . _:b665861370 . _:b663913629 . _:b665861371 . _:b665862761 . _:b665861364 . _:b665861365 . _:b666208692 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathogenic_bacteria" . _:b665861366 . _:b665806102 "(forall (r) (if (TemporalRegion r) (occupiesTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [119-002] " . _:b665861367 . _:b663913563 . _:b665861360 . _:b666238423 "Intestinal surface area also is increased in amphibians and reptiles by internal folds and occasionally by a few villi. The intestine can be divided into a small intestine and a slightly wider large intestine.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665861361 . _:b663913573 . _:b665861362 . _:b663914130 . _:b665798517 "(forall (x t) (if (and (RealizableEntity x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (specificallyDepends x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [063-002] " . _:b665861363 . _:b663516066 . _:b663914121 . . _:b665861260 . _:b665861261 . _:b663914122 . _:b665861262 . _:b663914123 . _:b665861263 . _:b665862685 . _:b663914124 . _:b665861256 . _:b665862684 . _:b663914125 . _:b665862429 . _:b663913647 . _:b663516056 . _:b665862683 . _:b665861257 . _:b663913644 . _:b665861258 . _:b665862682 . _:b663914121 . _:b666208911 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665861259 . _:b663914112 . _:b665861252 . _:b663913582 . _:b665861253 . _:b665861254 . _:b665798644 . _:b665861255 . _:b663914228 "ventriculus"^^ . _:b665861248 . _:b665861249 . _:b665861250 . _:b665861251 . _:b663914232 . _:b665861276 . _:b665862711 . _:b663914233 . _:b665861277 . _:b663520615 . _:b666208886 "ncithesaurus:Colon"^^ . _:b665862712 . _:b663914234 . _:b665861278 . _:b663520627 . _:b665861279 . _:b663520621 . _:b665806426 . _:b665861272 . _:b663914069 . _:b665861273 . _:b665806424 . _:b665861274 . _:b663520618 . _:b663520631 . _:b665806425 . _:b663520610 . _:b663520628 . _:b665861275 . _:b665861268 . _:b666209396 "b is an object means: b is a material entity which manifests causal unity of one or other of the types CUn listed above & is of a type (a material universal) instances of which are maximal relative to this criterion of causal unity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [024-001])"@en . _:b665861269 . _:b663520634 . _:b663520635 . _:b665862710 . _:b665861270 . _:b663520614 . _:b663520632 . _:b665862709 . _:b665861271 . _:b663516046 . _:b663520612 . _:b665862708 . _:b665861264 . _:b665806419 . _:b665861265 . _:b663520619 . _:b665861266 . _:b665805542 "Segment of the alimentary canal extending from the stomach to the anus and, in humans and other mammals, consists of two segments, the small intestine and the large intestine."^^ . _:b663520609 . _:b665861267 . _:b665806422 . _:b663914216 . _:b663913515 "ceca"^^ . _:b665861292 . _:b666208885 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665806423 . _:b663913478 . _:b663914217 . _:b665861293 . _:b665862719 . _:b665806420 . _:b663914218 . _:b663520611 . _:b665861294 . _:b665862718 . _:b665806421 . _:b663520630 . _:b663520608 . _:b663520638 . _:b665861295 . _:b665861288 . _:b665861289 . _:b665861290 . _:b665861291 . _:b663520625 . _:b663520633 . _:b665861284 . _:b665862712 . _:b665805588 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b665861285 . _:b663520639 . _:b665861286 . _:b665861287 . _:b663520629 . _:b663516057 "ISBN:0815318960"^^ . _:b663520617 . _:b665862692 . _:b665861280 . _:b663914213 . _:b663520624 . _:b665861281 . _:b666209534 "AAO:0000246"^^ . _:b665862691 . _:b663914214 . _:b665861282 . _:b663914215 . _:b663520620 . _:b665861283 . _:b665863028 "In fish, the divisions of the small intestine are not as clear, and the terms anterior intestine or proximal intestine may be used instead of duodenum."^^ . _:b663914200 . _:b665798736 . _:b665861308 . _:b663520591 . _:b665862703 . _:b665861309 . _:b663520583 . _:b663914202 . _:b663515710 . _:b665805374 "If b is a realizable entity then for all t at which b exists, b s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [063-002])"@en . _:b665861310 . _:b665862702 . _:b665861311 . _:b663520593 . _:b663515709 . _:b663913491 . _:b665861304 . _:b663914205 . _:b665861305 . _:b663520579 . _:b663520599 . _:b663914383 "subdivision of alimentary system"^^ . _:b663515711 . _:b665861306 . _:b665862698 . _:b663520585 . _:b663515708 . _:b663520236 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b665861307 . _:b665862697 . _:b666208860 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663520587 . _:b663913503 . _:b663515706 . _:b665862696 . _:b665861300 . _:b665861301 . _:b663515707 . _:b665861302 . _:b663520602 . _:b665861303 . _:b663913996 "All parts of spatiotemporal regions are spatiotemporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [096-001])"@en . _:b666238207 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campylobacteriosis" . _:b666208848 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663520582 . _:b665861296 . _:b663520588 . _:b665861297 . _:b663520576 . _:b663914198 . _:b665861298 . _:b663914199 . _:b665861299 . _:b663520578 . _:b665861196 . _:b665861197 . _:b663520424 . _:b663520605 . _:b665861198 . _:b665860738 "caecum"^^ . _:b665861199 . _:b663520597 . _:b665861192 . _:b665797771 "(forall (x t) (if (and (RealizableEntity x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (specificallyDepends x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [063-002] " . _:b665861193 . _:b663520603 . _:b665861194 . _:b666208640 "(forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [038-001] " . _:b663520581 . _:b665861195 . _:b663520600 . _:b665861188 . _:b663520592 . _:b666209018 . _:b665797796 "(forall (x) (if (ObjectAggregate x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y z) (and (Object y) (Object z) (memberPartOfAt y x t) (memberPartOfAt z x t) (not (= y z)))))) (not (exists (w t_1) (and (memberPartOfAt w x t_1) (not (Object w)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [025-004] " . _:b665861189 . _:b665861190 . _:b663520606 . _:b666208835 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663520596 . _:b663520301 "In humans, the duodenum is a hollow jointed tube about 10-15 inches (25-38 centimetres) long connecting the stomach to the jejunum. It begins with the duodenal bulb and ends at the ligament of Treitz."^^ . _:b665861191 . _:b663520584 . _:b665861184 . _:b665861185 . _:b663515979 . _:b663520594 . _:b665861186 . _:b663520421 . _:b663520590 . _:b665861187 . _:b665798769 . _:b663520601 . _:b665861212 . _:b665798768 . _:b665861213 . _:b665861214 . _:b665860708 . _:b665861215 . _:b663515746 . _:b666209005 . _:b663520558 . _:b663520563 . _:b665861208 . _:b663515747 . _:b665861209 . _:b663515730 . _:b665862199 "BTO:0001307"^^ . _:b663520547 . _:b663515745 . _:b665861210 . _:b665798095 "posterior intestine"^^ . _:b663515744 . _:b663515748 . _:b665861211 . _:b663520566 . _:b663515750 . _:b663515751 . _:b665861204 . _:b663515749 . _:b663520555 . _:b663520469 . _:b665806495 "subdivision of alimentary system"^^ . _:b665861205 . _:b663515742 . _:b665861206 . _:b663913528 . _:b663520549 . _:b663515743 . _:b663515735 . _:b663520551 . _:b665861207 . _:b663515758 . _:b665861200 . _:b663515759 . _:b663520556 . _:b663520575 . _:b665861201 . _:b663515756 . _:b663515731 . _:b663516026 . _:b665861202 . _:b663515753 . _:b663515757 . _:b663515752 . _:b665861203 . _:b663515728 . _:b663520546 . _:b663515733 . _:b663520572 . _:b663520466 . _:b665861228 . _:b663515729 . _:b663520552 . _:b663515732 . _:b665861229 . _:b663515754 . _:b663520545 . _:b665806335 . _:b665861230 . _:b665862761 "(forall (x) (if (Function x) (Disposition x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [064-001] " . _:b663515755 . _:b663520573 . _:b663515734 . _:b665861231 . _:b663515724 . _:b663520565 . _:b663520462 . _:b665861224 . _:b663515766 . _:b663520569 . _:b665861225 . _:b663515706 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b663515726 . _:b665861226 . _:b665862897 "ncithesaurus:Intestine"^^ . _:b663520548 . _:b663914170 "intestinum crassum"^^ . _:b663515762 . _:b665861227 . _:b663520561 . _:b663515763 . _:b665861220 . _:b663520461 . _:b665861221 . _:b663520564 . _:b663515767 . _:b663515761 . _:b665861222 . _:b665798810 . _:b663520574 . _:b663515760 . _:b663520554 . _:b663515716 . _:b665861223 . _:b663515774 . _:b663914224 "VHOG:0000408"^^ . _:b663515718 . _:b663515769 . _:b665861216 . _:b666208902 . _:b663520567 . _:b665861217 . _:b665863123 "The pharynx is the part of the digestive system immediately posterior to the mouth[GO]."^^ . _:b663515717 . _:b663515772 . _:b665861218 . _:b663520456 . _:b663520557 . _:b663520560 . _:b663515773 . _:b663520570 . _:b663515712 . _:b665861219 . _:b665806387 . _:b666208899 . _:b663515713 . . _:b663515770 . _:b665861244 . _:b665806386 . _:b663516025 . . . _:b665861245 . _:b665806385 . _:b663520519 . _:b663515715 . . _:b665861246 . _:b663520500 . _:b665860741 . . _:b663515768 . _:b665806384 . _:b665860740 . _:b665861247 . _:b665806383 . _:b663515727 . _:b663520517 . _:b665861240 . _:b665861241 . _:b665806381 . _:b663515725 . _:b663515719 . _:b663515714 . _:b665861242 . _:b665806380 . _:b663520514 . _:b666208907 . _:b665861243 . _:b663515771 . _:b663520521 . _:b666208906 . _:b663515775 . _:b666238291 "Intestinal surface area also is increased in amphibians and reptiles by internal folds and occasionally by a few villi. The intestine can be divided into a small intestine and a slightly wider large intestine.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665861236 . _:b665861364 . _:b663520512 . _:b665861545 "The first two fifth of the small intestine beyond the duodenum. It extends from the end of the duodenum to the ileum. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665861237 . _:b663520527 . _:b665861238 . _:b665861310 "url:http://www.health.state.ny.us/diseases/communicable/campylobacteriosis/fact_sheet.htm" . _:b663520536 . _:b665861239 . _:b663515720 . _:b663520539 . _:b663520510 . _:b665861232 . _:b663520516 . _:b663520524 . _:b663520505 . _:b665861233 . _:b663515722 . _:b665861234 . _:b663520522 . _:b663914074 . _:b663515764 . _:b665861235 . _:b663515721 . _:b663515765 . _:b665861132 . _:b666208789 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665861133 . _:b665861347 . _:b663520540 . _:b663515723 . _:b665861134 . _:b663520534 . _:b666208779 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665861135 . _:b663520542 . _:b665861128 . _:b663515920 . _:b665861129 . _:b665861130 . _:b663520530 . _:b663520537 . _:b665861131 . _:b665861124 . _:b663520533 . _:b665862791 . _:b665861125 . _:b663520543 . _:b665806370 "caecum"^^ . _:b665861126 . _:b663515737 . _:b665862789 . _:b665861127 . _:b665806289 . _:b665861120 . _:b665806290 . _:b665860782 . _:b663520529 . _:b665861121 . _:b663515738 . _:b663515736 . _:b665861122 . _:b665862786 . _:b663515739 . _:b663520538 . _:b665861123 . _:b663520526 . _:b663515740 . _:b665862784 . _:b665861148 . _:b663515924 . _:b665861149 . _:b665861150 . _:b663515741 . _:b665861151 . _:b665861144 . _:b665806280 . _:b665861145 . _:b663515915 . _:b665861146 . _:b665797754 "(forall (x) (if (TemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [100-001] " . _:b665861147 . _:b663515965 . _:b665861140 . _:b665798732 "DOI:10.1046/j.1525-142x.2000.00076.x Smith DM, Grasty RC, Theodosiou NA, Tabin CJ, Nascone-Yoder NM, Evolutionary relationships between the amphibian, avian, and mammalian stomachs. Evolution and development (2000)"^^ . _:b665861141 . _:b663516752 "UMLS:C0007531"^^ . _:b663520083 . _:b663515967 . _:b665861142 . _:b663515966 . _:b665861143 . _:b665861136 . _:b663520275 . _:b665861137 . _:b663515963 . _:b665861138 . _:b663515962 . _:b663520057 "a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary (surface) is a self-connected fiat surface whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [033-001])"@en . _:b665861139 . _:b665861164 . _:b665861165 . _:b665862791 . _:b663515956 . _:b665861166 . _:b665862790 . _:b663520142 . _:b663515949 . _:b665861167 . _:b665797733 "Every occurrent occupies_spatiotemporal_region some spatiotemporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [108-001])"@en . _:b665861160 . _:b665861161 . _:b663515771 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b666208863 . _:b665861162 . _:b665861163 . _:b663515717 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b665861156 . _:b665861157 . _:b665806423 "In humans, the duodenum is a hollow jointed tube about 10-15 inches (25-38 centimetres) long connecting the stomach to the jejunum. It begins with the duodenal bulb and ends at the ligament of Treitz."^^ . _:b665861158 . _:b665798013 "intestinum rectum"^^ . _:b665861159 . _:b665805590 "It appears that the stomach has an ancient origin. The stomach first appears in the fish lineage. The prevertebrate chordates do not have a true stomach, whereas the cartilaginous and bony fish do. Although most fish do have a true stomach, some fish species appear to have lost the stomach secondarily. The remaining vertebrate lineages do have a true stomach (at least in the adult animal), although there is great variation in the size and shape of the stomach.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663516017 . _:b665861152 . _:b665861153 . _:b665861154 . _:b665862231 "cecum"^^ . _:b663516018 . _:b665861155 . _:b666238446 "middle intestine"^^ . _:b665861180 . _:b665861181 . _:b665861182 . . _:b663914294 . _:b665861183 . _:b663515650 . _:b665861176 . _:b665861177 . _:b665861178 . _:b665862095 . _:b665862651 . _:b665861179 . _:b666209449 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_gastrointestinal_tract" . _:b665798543 "A three-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of three dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [040-001])"@en . _:b665860627 . _:b663520960 "It appears that the stomach has an ancient origin. The stomach first appears in the fish lineage. The prevertebrate chordates do not have a true stomach, whereas the cartilaginous and bony fish do. Although most fish do have a true stomach, some fish species appear to have lost the stomach secondarily. The remaining vertebrate lineages do have a true stomach (at least in the adult animal), although there is great variation in the size and shape of the stomach.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665861172 . _:b665861173 . _:b665862382 . _:b665862646 . _:b663515735 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b665861174 . _:b665861175 . _:b663515846 . _:b665861168 . _:b663515730 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b665861169 . _:b665861170 . _:b663516002 . _:b665861171 . _:b665862092 . _:b665862377 . _:b665862093 . _:b663516110 . _:b665862094 . _:b663516952 . _:b665862095 . _:b666208893 . _:b666239177 "The first part of the small intestine. At the junction of the stomach and the duodenum the alimentary canal is inflected. The duodenum first goes anteriorly for a short distance, turns dorsally, and eventually caudally, thus it is a U-shaped structure with two horizontal sections (a ventral and a dorsal one)."^^ . _:b663515993 . _:b665862088 . _:b663913957 . _:b665862089 . _:b663515992 . _:b663515995 . _:b665862090 . _:b665862091 . _:b663913330 "url:https://www.foodsafety.gov/poisoning/causes/bacteriaviruses/salmonella" . _:b663516116 . _:b665862084 . _:b663516108 . _:b665862085 . _:b665862086 . _:b666208890 . _:b665862087 . _:b665862080 . _:b663516123 . _:b665805355 "Every temporal region t is such that t occupies_temporal_region t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [119-002])"@en . _:b665862081 . _:b663516113 . _:b665862394 . _:b663516107 . _:b663515872 . _:b665862082 . _:b665862083 . _:b665862108 . _:b666208865 . _:b663520295 . _:b665862109 . _:b665862110 . _:b665862111 . _:b666208892 . _:b663520276 . _:b665862104 . _:b663516474 "(forall (x t) (if (and (IndependentContinuant x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (Entity y) (specificallyDependsOnAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [018-002] " . _:b665862105 . _:b665862106 . _:b666208781 "BTO:0000706"^^ . _:b665862107 . _:b665860679 . _:b663515902 . _:b665862100 . _:b665862125 . _:b663520081 . _:b665862101 . _:b666238926 "Continuant fiat boundary doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary and a one dimensional continuant fiat boundary that doesn't overlap it. The situation is analogous to temporal and spatial regions."@en . _:b663516134 . _:b665862102 . _:b665862103 . _:b666208685 . _:b663515969 . _:b665862096 . _:b665862097 . _:b663520823 . _:b663914309 . _:b663516640 . _:b665862098 . _:b663520820 . _:b666239122 "EHDAA2"^^ . _:b663520822 . _:b665805365 "Every spatiotemporal region s is such that s occupies_spatiotemporal_region s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [107-002])"@en . _:b663520821 . _:b663515878 . _:b665862099 . _:b663515970 . _:b665861988 "(forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [037-001] " . _:b666208785 . _:b665805610 "MA"^^ . _:b665862124 . _:b665862125 . _:b663516644 . _:b665862126 . _:b663520817 . _:b665862127 . _:b663520325 . _:b663520070 . _:b665862120 . _:b663516069 "ncithesaurus:Jejunum"^^ . _:b663516137 . _:b665862121 . _:b663520828 . _:b665862122 . _:b665862123 . _:b663914319 . _:b663515793 "p is a process boundary =Def. p is a temporal part of a process & p has no proper temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [084-001])"@en . _:b665862116 . _:b665862117 . _:b665862118 . _:b666208775 . _:b665862119 . _:b663520333 . _:b665862112 . _:b663521036 "ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.566"^^ . _:b663520330 . _:b665862113 . _:b665862114 . _:b665862012 "b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001])"@en . _:b665862115 . _:b665862140 . _:b663520328 . . _:b665862141 . _:b665860659 "ncithesaurus:Intestine"^^ . _:b663520653 . _:b663515707 "An entity is anything that exists or has existed or will exist. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [001-001])"@en . _:b665862142 . _:b663914078 . _:b665862143 . _:b665798807 "2012-08-14"^^ . _:b665862136 . _:b663516132 "subdivision of alimentary system"^^ . _:b665862137 . _:b663520812 . _:b665862138 . _:b663520642 . _:b665797847 "A gastrointestinal system infectious disease that involves inflammation of the lining of the stomach and small and large intestines, which is caused by viruses, bacteria, or parasites. Chemicals and drugs also cause gastroenteritis. The symptoms include diarrhea, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, cramps, and discomfort in the abdomen." . _:b665862139 . _:b665798198 . _:b665862132 . _:b665862353 . _:b666237836 . _:b663520811 . _:b665862133 . _:b666208776 . _:b665862134 . _:b663520654 . _:b663914328 . _:b665862135 . _:b665862128 . _:b665862129 . _:b666237835 . _:b665862130 . _:b665862131 . _:b665862028 . _:b665860744 "intestinum caecum"^^ . _:b666209685 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665862029 . _:b665862030 . _:b663520662 . _:b665862031 . _:b665862024 . _:b666208830 . _:b665862025 . _:b663516042 . _:b665862026 . _:b663520658 . _:b665862027 . _:b666209676 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665862020 . _:b665798181 . _:b665862021 . _:b666209666 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663520661 . _:b665862022 . _:b665862023 . . _:b665862016 . _:b665862017 . _:b663520657 . _:b665798781 "2012-08-14"^^ . _:b665862018 . _:b665797719 . _:b665862019 . _:b666208733 . . _:b665862044 . . . . _:b665862045 . . . _:b665862046 . _:b663913370 . _:b663520663 . _:b665862047 . _:b665797720 . _:b665862040 . _:b666209657 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665862041 . _:b665862042 . _:b663520659 . _:b665862043 . _:b665862036 . _:b665862037 . _:b663520805 "zero dimension continuant fiat boundaries are not spatial points. Considering the example 'the quadripoint where the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona meet' : There are many frames in which that point is zooming through many points in space. Whereas, no matter what the frame, the quadripoint is always in the same relation to the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona."@en . _:b665862038 . _:b665862039 . _:b663516086 . _:b665862032 . _:b665862033 . _:b665862034 . _:b665862035 . _:b665862280 . _:b665862060 . _:b665862061 . _:b665862062 . _:b665862063 . _:b665862056 . _:b665862057 . _:b663520640 . _:b665862058 . _:b663516091 . _:b663520643 . _:b665862059 . _:b665862052 . _:b665862053 . _:b663914249 . _:b665797756 "(forall (x) (if (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [039-001] " . _:b665862054 . _:b663520655 . _:b665862055 . _:b665862048 . _:b665862049 . _:b665862050 . _:b665862299 . _:b665862051 . _:b665862076 . _:b665862077 . _:b663520692 . _:b665862078 . _:b665798542 "(forall (x) (if (ObjectAggregate x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y z) (and (Object y) (Object z) (memberPartOfAt y x t) (memberPartOfAt z x t) (not (= y z)))))) (not (exists (w t_1) (and (memberPartOfAt w x t_1) (not (Object w)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [025-004] " . _:b665862079 . _:b665862072 . _:b663520689 . _:b665862073 . _:b665862290 . _:b665862074 . _:b666209631 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665862075 . _:b665862068 . _:b665806175 "(forall (x y) (if (processProfileOf x y) (and (properContinuantPartOf x y) (exists (z t) (and (properOccurrentPartOf z y) (TemporalRegion t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion y t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion z t) (not (exists (w) (and (occurrentPartOf w x) (occurrentPartOf w z))))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [094-005] " . _:b665862069 . _:b665862070 . _:b665862071 . . _:b665862064 . _:b665862065 . _:b665862066 . _:b666238855 "Temporal region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of a temporal instant and a temporal interval that doesn't overlap the instant. In this case the resultant temporal region is neither 0-dimensional nor 1-dimensional"@en . _:b665862067 . _:b663516809 "upper intestine"^^ . _:b665861964 . _:b665861965 . _:b665860477 "Each spatiotemporal region at any time t projects_onto some spatial region at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [099-001])"@en . _:b665861966 . _:b665861967 . _:b665861960 . _:b663914274 . _:b665861961 . _:b665861962 . _:b665862243 . _:b665861963 . _:b663914331 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b665861956 . _:b663914330 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b665861957 . _:b665862270 . _:b665861958 . _:b665862004 "ISBN:978-3-938793-98-5pp124-158#Thomas Bittner and Barry Smith, 'A Theory of Granular Partitions', in K. Munn and B. Smith (eds.), Applied Ontology: An Introduction, Frankfurt/Lancaster: ontos, 2008, 125-158." . _:b663914332 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b665861959 . _:b663520238 "ISBN:0-683-40008-8"^^ . _:b663520686 . _:b665861952 . _:b665860446 "(forall (x) (if (Continuant x) (Entity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [008-002] " . _:b665861953 . _:b666209606 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b666209359 "(forall (x y) (if (and (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (SpatioTemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [096-001] " . _:b665861954 . _:b665861955 . _:b665861980 . _:b665798144 "FMA:71131"^^ . _:b665861981 . _:b666209594 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665798145 "FMA:71131"^^ . _:b665861982 . _:b663913531 . _:b663520358 . _:b663913672 . _:b665861983 . _:b665806367 "A pouch in the digestive tract that connects the ileum with the ascending colon of the large intestine. It is separated from the ileum by the ileocecal valve, and is the beginning of the large intestine. It is also separated from the colon by the cecocolic junction."^^ . _:b665861976 . _:b663913490 "Anterior end of the alimentary canal lined with smooth muscle. Bounded anteriorly by a constriction in the pharynx. Bounded posteriorly by and increase in circular and/or longitudinal smooth muscle associated with the stomach.[AAO]"^^ . _:b665861977 . _:b665861978 . _:b663914300 . _:b665861979 . _:b663913520 . _:b663913669 . _:b665861972 . _:b665805420 "(forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt x y t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [021-002] " . _:b665806412 . _:b665861973 . _:b665861974 . _:b665861975 . _:b663913524 . _:b665862220 . _:b663520041 "Every entity which has a material entity as continuant part is a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [020-002])"@en . _:b665861968 . _:b665861969 . _:b666208789 "The tract of the alimentary canal. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665861970 . _:b665861971 . _:b665806421 . _:b665861996 . _:b665861997 . _:b665861998 . _:b665861999 . _:b665861992 . _:b663914178 . _:b665861993 . _:b665861994 . . _:b665861995 . _:b665861988 . _:b666209581 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665861989 . _:b663913506 . _:b665806431 . _:b665861990 . _:b665860499 "(forall (x) (if (Quality x) (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [055-001] " . _:b665861991 . _:b663913508 . _:b665861984 . _:b665862661 . _:b665861985 . _:b665861986 . _:b665861987 . _:b665862656 . _:b665862012 . _:b665806418 . _:b663520339 . _:b665862013 . _:b665806131 . _:b665862014 . _:b663913499 . _:b665806130 . _:b665806416 . _:b666209059 "To say that each spatiotemporal region s temporally_projects_onto some temporal region t is to say that t is the temporal extension of s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [080-003])"@en . _:b665862015 . _:b665806129 . _:b665806417 . _:b663520336 . _:b665862008 . _:b663520437 . _:b665862009 . _:b666208642 "An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects " . _:b665862010 . _:b665862227 . _:b665862011 . _:b663913667 . _:b663913488 . _:b665862004 . _:b665806132 . _:b666208641 "An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects " . _:b665862005 . _:b665798900 . _:b663520434 . _:b665806427 . _:b665862006 . _:b665862007 . _:b665806136 . _:b665862000 . _:b663520345 . _:b665806440 . _:b665806137 . _:b663515802 "(forall (x) (if (MaterialEntity x) (IndependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [019-002] " . _:b665862001 . _:b663520350 . _:b663913494 . _:b665862002 . _:b666209618 "NCBITaxon:8782"^^ . _:b666239181 "UMLS:C0013303"^^ . _:b665806428 . _:b665862003 . _:b663516170 . _:b665861900 . _:b663516169 . _:b666209628 "Last portion of the large intestine before it becomes the rectum."^^ . _:b665861901 . _:b666209617 "NCBITaxon:8782"^^ . _:b665861902 . _:b665861903 . _:b665861896 . _:b665861897 . _:b665806199 . _:b663913486 . _:b665861898 . _:b663913487 . _:b665861899 . _:b663913472 . _:b663913695 . _:b665861892 . _:b663515907 . _:b665861893 . _:b665861894 . _:b665862207 . _:b665861895 . _:b663520348 . _:b665861888 . _:b665861889 . _:b665861644 . _:b665861890 . _:b665861891 . _:b665861916 . _:b663520495 . _:b665861917 . _:b665806162 . _:b665861918 . _:b663914224 . _:b665806163 . _:b665861641 . _:b663520535 . _:b665861919 . _:b663520480 . _:b663520497 . _:b665861912 . _:b665806336 . _:b663520491 . _:b665861913 . _:b663914237 . _:b665862194 . _:b665806166 . _:b663520483 . _:b665861914 . _:b663520487 . _:b666209535 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665806167 . _:b663520531 . _:b665861915 . _:b663520484 . _:b665806164 . _:b665806349 . _:b665861908 . _:b665806165 . _:b665861909 . _:b665806187 . _:b663520493 . _:b666239104 . _:b665861910 . _:b663520486 . _:b665861911 . . _:b665861904 . _:b665805452 . _:b663520492 . _:b665861905 . _:b663520482 . _:b665861906 . _:b663520489 . _:b665861907 . _:b665861932 . _:b666209525 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663520511 . _:b665861933 . _:b663913578 . _:b665861934 . _:b663520502 . _:b665862791 "(forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [102-001] " . _:b663520436 . _:b665861935 . _:b665862148 . _:b663520481 . _:b665861928 . _:b663515873 . _:b663520496 . _:b665861929 . _:b663520499 . _:b665805622 . _:b665806150 . _:b665861930 . _:b665806436 . _:b663520515 . _:b665861931 . _:b663520506 . _:b665806437 . _:b663520485 . _:b665861924 . _:b663913569 . _:b663520490 . _:b663520525 . _:b665861925 . _:b665806149 . _:b665806154 . _:b665861926 . _:b663520501 . _:b665806155 . _:b663520488 . _:b665861927 . _:b663520509 . _:b665806361 . _:b663913616 . _:b663913421 "A subdivision of the digestive tract that connects the small intestine to the cloaca or anus. Lacks or has few villi[Kardong]."^^ . _:b665861920 . _:b666208884 "TAO:0000706"^^ . _:b663520494 . _:b665861921 . _:b663520507 . _:b663520431 . _:b665861922 . _:b663520520 . _:b665798063 "ncithesaurus:Small_Intestine"^^ . _:b665861923 . _:b665805441 . _:b663913611 . _:b665861948 . _:b663520504 . _:b665861207 "Spatial region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the union of a spatial point and a spatial line that doesn't overlap the point, or two spatial lines that intersect at a single point. In both cases the resultant spatial region is neither 0-dimensional, 1-dimensional, 2-dimensional, or 3-dimensional."@en . _:b665861949 . _:b663520455 . _:b665805615 . _:b663520467 . _:b665861950 . _:b665861951 . _:b665861944 . _:b663520470 . _:b665861945 . _:b665861946 . _:b663520388 . _:b665861947 . _:b663520459 . _:b663520562 . _:b665861940 . _:b665805604 . . _:b665861941 . _:b665805603 . _:b665861942 . _:b663520472 . _:b663913655 . _:b665861943 . _:b665805453 . _:b665861936 . _:b663520460 . _:b663520793 "Continuant fiat boundary doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary and a one dimensional continuant fiat boundary that doesn't overlap it. The situation is analogous to temporal and spatial regions."@en . _:b665805602 . _:b663520454 . _:b663914127 . _:b665861937 . _:b663913558 . _:b663520479 . _:b663913658 . _:b665861938 . . _:b665805663 . _:b663520476 . _:b663520571 . _:b665861939 . . _:b665861836 . _:b663913545 . _:b665860862 . _:b665861837 . _:b666238347 "DOI:10.1046/j.1525-142x.2000.00076.x Smith DM, Grasty RC, Theodosiou NA, Tabin CJ, Nascone-Yoder NM, Evolutionary relationships between the amphibian, avian, and mammalian stomachs. Evolution and development (2000)"^^ . _:b665862011 . _:b663913546 . _:b665860863 . _:b665861838 . _:b663913547 . _:b663520477 . _:b666238180 "Continuant fiat boundary doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary and a one dimensional continuant fiat boundary that doesn't overlap it. The situation is analogous to temporal and spatial regions."@en . _:b666209628 . _:b665861839 . _:b665863140 . _:b665860861 . _:b665861832 . _:b663913549 . _:b663913658 . _:b665861833 . _:b663520471 . _:b665861834 . _:b663520544 . _:b665862124 . _:b665806386 . _:b665805591 . _:b665805590 . _:b665861835 . _:b663520473 . _:b665805589 . _:b663520465 . _:b665861828 . _:b663913537 . _:b663914300 "Intestinal surface area also is increased in amphibians and reptiles by internal folds and occasionally by a few villi. The intestine can be divided into a small intestine and a slightly wider large intestine.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665861829 . _:b663913538 . _:b663520475 . _:b665861830 . _:b663913655 . _:b665861831 . _:b663520468 . _:b665861824 . _:b663515860 . _:b663914143 . _:b665861825 . _:b663520478 . _:b663520553 . _:b663913542 . _:b663520463 . _:b665861826 . _:b663520474 . _:b665861827 . _:b663913548 . _:b663520464 . _:b665861852 . _:b665861404 "The tract of the alimentary canal. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663913570 . _:b665861853 . _:b665861854 . _:b663516905 "The first chamber in the alimentary canal of a ruminant stomach, composed of the rumen and reticulum."^^ . _:b665861855 . _:b663520598 . _:b665861848 . _:b663913661 . _:b665861849 . _:b665861850 . _:b665861851 . _:b663913648 . _:b665861844 . _:b665861463 "DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1996.tb01658.x Mallatt J, Ventilation and the origin of jawed vertebrates: a new mouth. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (1996)"^^ . _:b663520445 . _:b665861845 . _:b663913579 . _:b665861846 . _:b663520444 . _:b663516655 . _:b663914168 . _:b665806177 "b is a relational quality = Def. for some independent continuants c, d and for some time t: b quality_of c at t & b quality_of d at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [057-001])"@en . _:b665798017 . _:b663520022 "ISBN:978-3-938793-98-5pp124-158#Thomas Bittner and Barry Smith, 'A Theory of Granular Partitions', in K. Munn and B. Smith (eds.), Applied Ontology: An Introduction, Frankfurt/Lancaster: ontos, 2008, 125-158." . _:b663520607 . _:b665861847 . _:b663913536 . _:b663516654 . _:b663520446 . _:b665861840 . _:b663515986 "VHOG:0000450"^^ . _:b665860806 . _:b665861841 . _:b663520441 . _:b665861842 . _:b666209040 . _:b663520442 . _:b665805694 . _:b665861843 . _:b663520443 . _:b663913653 . _:b665861868 . _:b663520261 . _:b665861869 . _:b663913642 . _:b663913610 . _:b663520580 . _:b665861870 . _:b665861871 . _:b663913644 . _:b665861864 . _:b663913650 . _:b665861865 . _:b665861866 . _:b663913647 . _:b666238947 . _:b663913598 . _:b665861867 . _:b665805685 . _:b663913632 . _:b665861860 . _:b663913633 . _:b663520589 . _:b665861861 . _:b663913634 . _:b665861862 . _:b665861863 . _:b663516453 "An entity is anything that exists or has existed or will exist. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [001-001])"@en . _:b665861856 . _:b665861857 . _:b665860777 . _:b665861858 . _:b663913639 . _:b663515820 "(iff (ZeroDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [031-001] " . _:b665861859 . _:b665863128 . _:b665805676 . _:b663913624 . _:b665861884 . _:b665798618 . _:b665805665 . _:b663520253 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b665805677 . _:b663913625 . _:b665861885 . _:b665805664 . _:b663520252 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b663913239 "(forall (x) (if (SpatialRegion x) (Continuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [035-001] " . _:b665861886 . _:b665861277 "Every entity which has a material entity as continuant part is a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [020-002])"@en . _:b665805667 . _:b663520255 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b663913540 . _:b665863169 . _:b665861887 . _:b665805666 . _:b666209037 . _:b663520254 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b665861880 . _:b665805669 . _:b663913629 . _:b665861881 . _:b665805675 . _:b665805668 . _:b663913630 . _:b663520000 "(forall (x) (if (Disposition x) (and (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (bearerOfAt x y t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [062-002] " . _:b665861882 . _:b665863123 . _:b665861883 . _:b663520626 . _:b665861876 . _:b663913613 . _:b665861877 . _:b663913618 . _:b665798466 . _:b663914227 "gaster"^^ . _:b665861878 . _:b665805666 . _:b665861879 . _:b665805665 . _:b663914147 . _:b663913477 "AAO:0000579"^^ . _:b665861872 . _:b663913621 . _:b665798465 . _:b663913550 . _:b665861873 . _:b665861874 . _:b665861875 . _:b663913608 . _:b665806144 "ISBN:978-3-938793-98-5pp124-158#Thomas Bittner and Barry Smith, 'A Theory of Granular Partitions', in K. Munn and B. Smith (eds.), Applied Ontology: An Introduction, Frankfurt/Lancaster: ontos, 2008, 125-158." . _:b665861772 . _:b665798602 . _:b663913609 . _:b665860481 "(forall (x t) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (SpatialRegion y) (spatiallyProjectsOntoAt x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [099-001] " . _:b665861773 . _:b666238398 "UMLS:C0009368"^^ . _:b663521159 "FBbt:00100316"^^ . _:b665860797 . _:b665861774 . _:b665861775 . _:b665861768 . _:b665861769 . _:b663913614 . _:b665861770 . _:b663913615 . _:b663913560 . _:b665861771 . _:b663913600 . _:b665860787 . _:b665861764 . _:b665861666 . _:b665861765 . _:b666208943 "lower intestine"^^ . _:b665861766 . _:b663913603 . _:b665861767 . _:b665861760 . _:b663519983 "A two-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of two dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [039-001])"@en . _:b663913605 . _:b665805405 . _:b665861761 . _:b666208619 "If b is a realizable entity then for all t at which b exists, b s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [063-002])"@en . _:b665798767 "FMA:14541"^^ . _:b663520616 . _:b665861762 . _:b665863099 . _:b665861763 . _:b663913698 . _:b665861788 . _:b666238474 . _:b665861789 . _:b665861790 . _:b665860748 . _:b665861791 . _:b666238477 . _:b665861784 . _:b665805640 . _:b665861785 . _:b665861786 . _:b666239106 "The few structural specializations in (adult lampreys) pharynx include complex valves on the external gill openings that direct the tidal flow, and the division of the ancestral pharynx into an oesophagus and a respiratory pharynx.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663913701 . _:b665861787 . _:b665861780 . _:b665805638 . _:b665861781 . _:b665805639 . _:b663521082 . _:b665861782 . _:b665861783 . _:b665861776 . _:b665861777 . _:b665861778 . _:b663521085 . _:b665861779 . _:b665861528 "intestinum tenue"^^ . _:b663913521 . _:b665861804 . _:b665861529 "intestinum tenue"^^ . _:b665861805 . _:b665861806 . _:b665861807 . _:b663516007 "VHOG:0001559"^^ . _:b663516009 . _:b665861800 . _:b666238109 "Temporal region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of a temporal instant and a temporal interval that doesn't overlap the instant. In this case the resultant temporal region is neither 0-dimensional nor 1-dimensional"@en . _:b665863045 . _:b665861801 . _:b665861802 . _:b663516010 . _:b665861803 . _:b665861796 . _:b665861635 . _:b663913665 . _:b665861797 . _:b663913666 . _:b665861798 . _:b665861799 . _:b665861792 . _:b665861793 . _:b665861794 . _:b666239048 "ncithesaurus:Intestine"^^ . _:b665861795 . _:b663913473 . _:b665861820 . _:b663913689 . _:b665861821 . _:b663913690 . _:b665861822 . _:b665861823 . _:b663913692 . _:b665861816 . _:b666208866 . _:b665861817 . _:b665806079 "(forall (x) (if (Material Entity x) (exists (t) (and (TemporalRegion t) (existsAt x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [011-002] " . _:b665861818 . _:b665861819 . _:b663913338 "A primary bacterial infectious disease that results_in infection located_in intestine, has_material_basis_in Campylobacter jejuni, which is transmitted_by ingestion of contaminated food or water or transmitted_by contact with infected people or animals. The infection has_symptom diarrhea or has_symptom dysentery, has_symptom abdominal cramps and pain, and has_symptom fever." . _:b663913680 . _:b665861812 . _:b665861813 . _:b665861814 . _:b666209451 . _:b663913683 . _:b666209588 . _:b665861815 . _:b666209591 . _:b663913485 . _:b665861808 . _:b663913483 . . _:b665861809 . _:b665861810 . _:b665798190 . _:b663515728 "(forall (x t) (if (and (IndependentContinuant x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (Entity y) (specificallyDependsOnAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [018-002] " . _:b665861811 . _:b665863016 . _:b666209522 . _:b663913533 . _:b665861708 . _:b665805788 "Branch or outpocketing of the digestive tract."^^ . _:b663913673 . _:b666209521 . _:b665797898 . _:b665861709 . _:b663913674 . _:b665861710 . _:b666209599 . _:b663913675 . _:b665861711 . _:b666209598 . _:b665861704 . _:b666209597 . _:b663914168 "Intestinal surface area also is increased in amphibians and reptiles by internal folds and occasionally by a few villi. The intestine can be divided into a small intestine and a slightly wider large intestine.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665861705 . _:b663913678 . _:b665862689 "Every occurrent occupies_spatiotemporal_region some spatiotemporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [108-001])"@en . _:b663913530 . _:b665861706 . _:b663913496 . _:b666209602 . _:b665861707 . _:b665860723 . _:b663515984 . _:b665861662 . _:b665861700 . _:b665861701 . _:b666208835 "VHOG:0000408"^^ . _:b666209531 . _:b665861702 . _:b665863026 "The first part of the small intestine. At the junction of the stomach and the duodenum the alimentary canal is inflected. The duodenum first goes anteriorly for a short distance, turns dorsally, and eventually caudally, thus it is a U-shaped structure with two horizontal sections (a ventral and a dorsal one)."^^ . _:b665861703 . _:b663520220 . _:b665863036 . _:b665861696 . _:b665861697 . _:b666209604 . _:b665861698 . _:b665861699 . _:b666208804 . _:b665861724 . _:b665861725 . _:b665861726 . _:b665861727 . _:b665861720 . _:b665861721 . _:b665863026 . _:b665861722 . _:b666208803 . _:b665861723 . _:b663520208 . _:b665861716 . _:b665861645 . _:b665861717 . _:b665798149 . _:b663520977 . _:b665861718 . _:b666209623 . _:b665861719 . _:b663520204 . _:b665861712 . _:b663520207 . _:b665862989 . _:b665805405 "b is an object means: b is a material entity which manifests causal unity of one or other of the types CUn listed above & is of a type (a material universal) instances of which are maximal relative to this criterion of causal unity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [024-001])"@en . _:b665861713 . _:b663520206 . _:b665861714 . _:b666209627 . _:b665861715 . _:b663520983 . _:b665861740 . _:b663521134 . _:b663520203 . _:b665861741 . _:b666209624 . _:b665861742 . _:b665860700 . _:b663520966 . _:b663520197 . _:b665861743 . _:b665861736 . _:b665861737 . _:b665861738 . _:b663516611 . _:b665805395 "(forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [038-001] " . _:b665861739 . _:b665861732 . _:b663520822 "url:http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf" . _:b663520904 "ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.566"^^ . _:b665861733 . _:b665861734 . _:b665861735 . _:b665861728 . _:b665861729 . _:b663515916 . _:b665861730 . _:b665861731 . _:b665861756 . _:b665861757 . _:b663521094 . _:b665861758 . _:b666208719 . _:b665861759 . _:b665860655 . _:b665861752 . _:b665862705 "A temporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of time as defined relative to some reference frame. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [100-001])"@en . _:b663913414 . _:b665861753 . _:b663515999 "ncithesaurus:Rectum"^^ . _:b665861754 . _:b663521021 . _:b665861755 . _:b665861748 . _:b665861749 . _:b666239091 . _:b663913419 . _:b665861750 . _:b665861751 . _:b665861744 . _:b665860646 . _:b665861745 . _:b663516539 "p is a process boundary =Def. p is a temporal part of a process & p has no proper temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [084-001])"@en . _:b665861746 . _:b665861747 . _:b666239097 . _:b663913325 "(iff (ZeroDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [031-001] " . _:b665861644 . _:b665862953 . _:b665861645 . _:b666209508 . _:b665861646 . _:b663521091 . _:b663913428 . _:b665861647 . _:b665805788 . _:b665861640 . _:b665805789 . _:b663521104 . _:b663913466 . _:b665861641 . _:b665861642 . _:b666238138 "A zero-dimensional spatial region is a point in space. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [037-001])"@en . _:b665861643 . _:b663913460 . _:b665861636 . _:b665805776 . _:b663913461 . _:b665861637 . _:b665862971 "EHDAA2"^^ . _:b663913463 . _:b665861638 . _:b663520752 "(forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [037-001] " . _:b665861639 . _:b663521096 . _:b665861632 . _:b665862973 . _:b666209446 . _:b665861633 . _:b665861634 . _:b665861635 . _:b665806288 . _:b665861660 . _:b665806289 . _:b663515980 . _:b665861661 . _:b665862966 . _:b665806290 . _:b663515983 . _:b665861662 . _:b665806291 . _:b665861663 . _:b665861656 . _:b665861657 . _:b665861658 . _:b665806287 . _:b665861659 . _:b666209309 . . _:b665861652 . _:b663515991 . _:b665861653 . _:b663515838 . _:b663515990 . _:b665861654 . _:b663515989 . _:b665861655 . _:b665861648 . _:b666209306 . _:b666208716 . _:b665861649 . _:b663515994 . _:b666208717 . _:b665861650 . _:b666208718 . _:b665861651 . _:b666208719 . _:b665861676 . _:b663515843 . _:b666208712 . _:b665861677 . _:b666208713 . _:b665861678 . _:b666208714 . _:b665861679 . _:b663515996 . _:b666208715 . _:b665861672 . _:b665862805 . _:b666208708 . _:b663913280 "b is a fiat object part = Def. b is a material entity which is such that for all times t, if b exists at t then there is some object c such that b proper continuant_part of c at t and c is demarcated from the remainder of c by a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [027-004])"@en . _:b665863050 "lower intestine"^^ . _:b665861673 . _:b666208709 . _:b665862804 . _:b665861674 . _:b666208710 . _:b665861675 . _:b663515900 . _:b666208711 . _:b665861668 . _:b666208704 . _:b665861669 . _:b663516538 "(forall (x) (if (Function x) (Disposition x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [064-001] " . _:b665862802 . _:b663914223 "Portion of alimentary canal with increased circular and longitudinal smooth muscle. Bounded posteriorly by the pyloric sphincter. Mucosal lining has increased folding.[AAO]"^^ . _:b666208705 . _:b665861670 . _:b665862803 . _:b663913337 . _:b666208706 . _:b665861671 . _:b665862940 . _:b666208707 . _:b665861664 . _:b663913343 . _:b666208732 . _:b665861665 . _:b666208733 . _:b665861666 . _:b666208734 . _:b665861667 . _:b666208735 . _:b663520876 . _:b665861692 . _:b663516015 . _:b663515754 "p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003])"@en . _:b666208728 . _:b665861693 . _:b665862810 . _:b666208729 . _:b665861694 . _:b666209312 . _:b666208730 . _:b665861695 . _:b666208731 . _:b666208871 "NCBITaxon:8782"^^ . _:b666209474 . _:b665861688 . _:b663516019 . _:b666208724 . _:b665861689 . _:b666208725 . _:b665861690 . _:b666208726 . _:b663519891 . _:b665861691 . _:b663516016 . _:b666208727 . _:b665861684 . _:b666208720 . _:b666208872 "NCBITaxon:8782"^^ . _:b665861685 . _:b665862894 . _:b666208721 . _:b665861686 . _:b666208722 . _:b663516552 "Continuant fiat boundary doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary and a one dimensional continuant fiat boundary that doesn't overlap it. The situation is analogous to temporal and spatial regions."@en . _:b665861687 . _:b666208723 . _:b663521177 . _:b665861680 . _:b666208748 . _:b665861681 . _:b666208749 . _:b665861682 . _:b665862799 . _:b666208750 . _:b665861683 . _:b666208751 . _:b666208744 . _:b665862794 . _:b663914155 . _:b666208745 . _:b663520190 . _:b666208746 . _:b665798630 . _:b666208747 . _:b663520996 "NCBITaxon:8782"^^ . _:b665862793 . _:b665862885 . _:b666208740 . _:b663520997 "NCBITaxon:8782"^^ . _:b663519877 . _:b666208741 . _:b663520161 . _:b666208742 . _:b666208743 . _:b666208736 . _:b666208380 _:b666208379 . _:b666208737 . _:b666208738 . _:b666208739 . _:b665797778 "(forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [037-001] " . _:b663521182 . _:b666208764 . _:b666209579 "An expanded region of the vertebrate alimentary tract that serves as a food storage compartment and digestive organ. A stomach is lined, in whole or in part by a glandular epithelium."^^ . _:b666208382 _:b666208381 . _:b666208765 . _:b663913553 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b666208766 . _:b666208377 _:b666208376 . _:b666209736 . _:b666208767 . _:b666208378 _:b666208380 . _:b666208760 . _:b666208375 _:b666208374 . _:b666208761 . _:b666208762 . _:b666208372 _:b666208371 . _:b666208763 . _:b666208373 _:b666208375 . _:b666208756 . _:b666208757 . _:b663516607 . . _:b666208370 _:b666208369 . _:b666208758 . _:b666208759 . _:b663914038 "(forall (x) (if (Site x) (ImmaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [034-002] " . _:b666208752 . _:b666208369 _:b666208368 . _:b666208753 . _:b663913397 . _:b666208754 . _:b666208361 _:b666208360 . _:b666208755 . _:b665862023 "Every entity which has a material entity as continuant part is a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [020-002])"@en . _:b666208363 _:b666208362 . _:b666208360 _:b666208359 . _:b666208652 . _:b666208653 . _:b665862785 "a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary (surface) is a self-connected fiat surface whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [033-001])"@en . _:b666208365 _:b666208364 . _:b666208352 _:b666208351 . _:b666208654 . _:b663520087 . _:b666208367 _:b666208366 . _:b665797728 "(forall (x) (if (Continuant x) (Entity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [008-002] " . _:b666208655 . _:b666208648 . _:b663521188 . _:b665862783 "b is a relational quality = Def. for some independent continuants c, d and for some time t: b quality_of c at t & b quality_of d at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [057-001])"@en . _:b666208366 _:b666208365 . _:b663521189 . _:b666208649 . _:b666208354 _:b666208353 . _:b666208650 . _:b663520839 . _:b663521191 . _:b666208651 . _:b663521190 . _:b663913384 . _:b666208644 . _:b663516916 . _:b666208645 . _:b663521153 . _:b663516915 . _:b666208646 . _:b666208358 _:b666208357 . _:b666208356 _:b666208355 . _:b666208647 . _:b663913376 . _:b666208357 _:b666208356 . _:b663521187 . _:b666208640 . _:b663913377 . _:b666208343 _:b666208342 . _:b666208641 . _:b663913378 . _:b666208336 _:b666208335 . _:b666208642 . _:b663913379 . _:b666208342 _:b666208341 . _:b666208340 _:b666208339 . _:b666208643 . _:b666208668 . _:b665860494 "(forall (x) (if (RealizableEntity x) (and (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (inheresIn x y)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [058-002] " . _:b666208669 . _:b663521192 . _:b666208338 _:b666208337 . _:b666208339 _:b666208338 . _:b666208670 . _:b663520843 . _:b666208671 . _:b663913375 . _:b663913347 . _:b666208664 . _:b666208621 "(forall (x) (if (Disposition x) (and (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (bearerOfAt x y t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [062-002] " . _:b666208348 _:b666208347 . _:b666208665 . _:b666208349 _:b666208348 . _:b666208666 . _:b665798567 "a one-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a continuous fiat line whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [032-001])"@en . _:b666208351 _:b666208350 . _:b665806077 "(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (hasContinuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [126-001] " . _:b666208667 . _:b666208660 . _:b665805591 . _:b666208661 . _:b665805590 . _:b666208662 . _:b666208345 _:b666208344 . _:b665798061 "The terminal region of the mid intestine is comprised of specialized enterocytes that appear to play a role in mucosal immunity. Wallace et al, 2005.[TAO]"^^ . _:b663913338 "url:http://www.health.state.ny.us/diseases/communicable/campylobacteriosis/fact_sheet.htm" . _:b665805589 . _:b666208663 . _:b665805588 . _:b666208347 _:b666208346 . _:b663515704 . _:b666208656 . _:b665805587 . _:b666208657 . _:b665805586 . _:b666208658 . _:b666208659 . _:b666208684 . _:b663913365 . _:b663515701 . _:b666208685 . _:b663913366 . _:b665806225 . _:b666208686 . _:b666208327 _:b666208331 . _:b666208687 . _:b663520119 . _:b666208680 . _:b665862282 "In fish, the divisions of the small intestine are not as clear, and the terms anterior intestine or proximal intestine may be used instead of duodenum."^^ . _:b666208681 . _:b665805594 . _:b663515698 . _:b666208682 . _:b666208329 _:b666208328 . _:b666208698 "url:http://www2.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/mwmednlm?book=Medical&va=anatomic" . _:b665805593 . _:b666208683 . _:b666208330 _:b666208329 . _:b665805592 . _:b666208331 _:b666208330 . _:b666208676 . _:b666208332 _:b666208336 . _:b666208677 . _:b666208383 _:b666208385 . _:b666208678 . _:b663913350 . _:b666208335 _:b666208334 . _:b666208679 . _:b666208672 . _:b666208334 _:b666208333 . _:b666208673 . _:b666208674 . _:b666208675 . _:b666208700 . _:b666208701 . _:b666208702 . _:b666208703 . _:b666208696 . _:b666208697 . _:b663913467 . _:b666208698 . _:b663913468 . _:b666208699 . _:b665806247 . _:b666208692 . _:b663913469 . _:b663913470 . _:b666208693 . _:b663914223 "AAO:0000579"^^ . _:b666208694 . _:b663913471 . _:b663520413 "FBbt:00100316"^^ . _:b666208695 . _:b663913456 . _:b663521039 "BTO:0000651"^^ . _:b666208688 . _:b666208689 . _:b663913459 . _:b666208690 . _:b665862799 . _:b666209612 . _:b663521170 . _:b666208691 . _:b666208588 . _:b663515928 "UMLS:C0021853"^^ . _:b666209751 . _:b666208589 . _:b665862794 . _:b666208590 . _:b666208591 . _:b665862793 . _:b666208633 "Specifically dependent continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. We're not sure what else will develop here, but for example there are questions such as what are promises, obligation, etc."@en . _:b666208584 . _:b666208585 . _:b666208586 . _:b663913452 . _:b666208587 . _:b663520074 . _:b663913453 . _:b666208580 . _:b665798089 "MP:0002581"^^ . _:b663516128 . _:b665806262 . _:b666208581 . _:b663516130 . _:b663913454 . _:b663520837 . _:b663519991 "(forall (x t) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (SpatialRegion y) (spatiallyProjectsOntoAt x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [099-001] " . _:b666208582 . _:b666208583 . _:b663521167 . _:b665862784 . _:b666208576 . _:b663516159 . _:b666239120 "intestinum rectum"^^ . _:b666208577 . _:b666208578 . _:b663520841 . _:b666208579 . _:b666208604 . _:b665862810 . _:b666208605 . _:b666208606 . _:b663521071 . _:b666208607 . _:b666208600 . _:b666238953 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campylobacteriosis" . _:b666208601 . _:b666208602 . _:b663516719 "It appears that the stomach has an ancient origin. The stomach first appears in the fish lineage. The prevertebrate chordates do not have a true stomach, whereas the cartilaginous and bony fish do. Although most fish do have a true stomach, some fish species appear to have lost the stomach secondarily. The remaining vertebrate lineages do have a true stomach (at least in the adult animal), although there is great variation in the size and shape of the stomach.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b666208603 . _:b665862804 . _:b663913527 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b665862805 . _:b666208596 . _:b663913478 "VHOG:0000408"^^ . _:b665862802 . _:b666208597 . _:b663520837 . _:b665862803 . _:b666208598 . _:b666208599 . _:b663913425 . _:b666208592 . _:b663913426 . _:b666208593 . _:b663520841 . _:b663913427 . _:b666208594 . _:b666208595 . _:b666208620 . _:b663516484 "Every temporal region t is such that t occupies_temporal_region t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [119-002])"@en . _:b665862778 . _:b665862752 . _:b666209783 . _:b666208621 . _:b665862762 . _:b666208622 . _:b663913416 . _:b666208623 . _:b665862777 . _:b663913424 "intestinum crassum"^^ . _:b666208616 . _:b663913417 . _:b663520835 . _:b666208617 . _:b665862758 . _:b663913418 . _:b663521074 . _:b663520834 . _:b666208618 . _:b665806151 "b is an object means: b is a material entity which manifests causal unity of one or other of the types CUn listed above & is of a type (a material universal) instances of which are maximal relative to this criterion of causal unity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [024-001])"@en . _:b663516183 . _:b663520833 . _:b665862377 "The pharynx is the part of the digestive system immediately posterior to the mouth[GO]."^^ . _:b666208619 . _:b663521076 . _:b666208612 . _:b663520832 . _:b663516047 . _:b663520985 "The terminal portion of the large intestine between the ileo-pelvic colon and the anus. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b666208613 . _:b663516180 . _:b666208614 . _:b663521079 . _:b666208615 . _:b666208608 . _:b666209786 . _:b665862783 . _:b666208609 . _:b663913323 . _:b666209764 . _:b666208610 . _:b666208464 _:b666208463 . _:b665862783 . _:b666208611 . _:b663913412 . _:b666208469 _:b666208468 . _:b663913413 . _:b666208636 . _:b666208470 _:b666208473 . _:b666208479 _:b666208482 . _:b666208637 . _:b666208466 _:b666208465 . _:b666208467 _:b666208466 . _:b663913415 . _:b666208638 . _:b665862779 . _:b663516571 "A primary bacterial infectious disease caused by the bacteria of the genus Salmonella. It has sypmtoms diarrhea, fever, vomiting, and abdominal cramps 12 to 72 hours after infection. In most cases, the illness lasts four to seven days, and most people recover without treatment." . _:b663913637 "subdivision of alimentary system"^^ . _:b666208639 . _:b665862744 . _:b665862745 . _:b666208632 . _:b666238417 . _:b665862774 . _:b666208633 . _:b666208476 _:b666208475 . _:b666208634 . _:b666208635 . _:b665862750 . _:b666208628 . _:b666208478 _:b666208477 . _:b666208629 . _:b666208448 _:b666208447 . _:b666208630 . _:b666208473 _:b666208472 . _:b663516156 . _:b666208631 . _:b666208475 _:b666208474 . _:b666209438 "A disease by infectious agent that results_in infection, has_material_basis_in Bacteria." . _:b666208472 _:b666208471 . _:b666208624 . _:b663516051 . _:b666208625 . _:b666238945 . _:b666208451 _:b666208450 . _:b666208626 . _:b666208627 . _:b666208524 . . _:b666208449 _:b666208448 . _:b666208455 _:b666208454 . _:b666208525 . _:b665862110 . _:b665798583 "A bacterial infectious disease that results_in infection by bacteria as a result of their presence or activity within the normal, healthy host, and their intrinsic virulence is, in part, a necessary consequence of their need to reproduce and spread." . _:b666208526 . _:b666208454 _:b666208453 . _:b666208452 _:b666208455 . _:b666208527 . _:b666208520 . _:b663515865 . _:b666208521 . _:b666238433 "In fish, the divisions of the small intestine are not as clear, and the terms anterior intestine or proximal intestine may be used instead of duodenum."^^ . _:b666208522 . _:b666208457 _:b666208456 . _:b666208523 . _:b666208461 _:b666208464 . _:b666208458 _:b666208457 . _:b666208516 . _:b666208460 _:b666208459 . _:b666208517 . _:b665862723 . _:b666208518 . _:b666208463 _:b666208462 . _:b666208519 . _:b663913324 "a zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a fiat point whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [031-001])"@en . _:b666208512 . _:b663516477 "A spatial region is a continuant entity that is a continuant_part_of spaceR as defined relative to some frame R. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [035-001])"@en . _:b666208513 . _:b666208508 _:b666208507 . _:b663516143 . _:b666208514 . _:b666208515 . _:b666208540 . _:b665862758 . _:b666208510 _:b666208509 . _:b666208541 . _:b665862759 . _:b666208542 . _:b666208505 _:b666208504 . _:b663913958 . _:b665862093 . _:b666208543 . _:b666208507 _:b666208506 . _:b666208504 _:b666208503 . _:b666208536 . _:b665862826 "1"^^ . _:b666208503 _:b666208502 . _:b665862748 . _:b666208537 . _:b663913957 . _:b665862827 "1"^^ . _:b665805544 . _:b666208538 . _:b666208496 _:b666208495 . _:b665862749 . _:b665805749 "subdivision of alimentary system"^^ . _:b665862750 . _:b666208539 . _:b666208500 _:b666208499 . _:b666208501 _:b666208500 . _:b665862751 . _:b666208964 . _:b666208532 . _:b666208533 . _:b666208499 _:b666208498 . _:b665862739 . _:b666208534 . _:b666208535 . _:b666208528 . _:b666208497 _:b666208501 . _:b665805543 . _:b666208529 . _:b665798023 . _:b666208488 _:b666208491 . _:b666208530 . _:b665798022 . _:b666208531 . _:b663521020 . _:b666208490 _:b666208489 . _:b666208491 _:b666208490 . _:b666238884 "A zero-dimensional spatial region is a point in space. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [037-001])"@en . _:b666208556 . _:b663521021 . _:b666238367 _:b666238368 . _:b666208557 . _:b666208493 _:b666208492 . _:b666238892 . _:b666208558 . _:b665805534 . _:b663520818 . _:b666208559 . _:b663515861 . _:b666238890 . _:b665862194 "An expanded region of the vertebrate alimentary tract that serves as a food storage compartment and digestive organ. A stomach is lined, in whole or in part by a glandular epithelium."^^ . _:b666208552 . _:b666208494 _:b666208493 . _:b666238891 . _:b666208553 . _:b666208977 . _:b665805435 "zero dimension continuant fiat boundaries are not spatial points. Considering the example 'the quadripoint where the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona meet' : There are many frames in which that point is zooming through many points in space. Whereas, no matter what the frame, the quadripoint is always in the same relation to the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona."@en . _:b666208482 _:b666208481 . _:b663516037 . _:b666208554 . _:b663520814 . _:b666208555 . _:b665862056 "url:http://www.health.state.ny.us/diseases/communicable/campylobacteriosis/fact_sheet.htm" . _:b665862693 . _:b666208548 . _:b666208481 _:b666208480 . _:b666208487 _:b666208486 . _:b666208549 . _:b666208550 . _:b663914006 "(iff (Process a) (and (Occurrent a) (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)) (exists (c t) (and (MaterialEntity c) (specificallyDependsOnAt a c t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [083-003] " . _:b666208484 _:b666208483 . _:b666208551 . _:b666208485 _:b666208484 . _:b666208544 . _:b665862689 . _:b665806141 "(forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [038-001] " . _:b663516045 . _:b666208545 . _:b665862688 . _:b663516044 . _:b666208387 _:b666208386 . _:b666208546 . _:b665862691 . _:b665862747 . _:b666208547 . _:b665862690 . _:b665862746 . _:b666208572 . _:b666208385 _:b666208384 . _:b666208573 . _:b665862692 . _:b666208574 . _:b663516040 . _:b666208390 _:b666208389 . _:b666208388 _:b666208390 . _:b666208575 . _:b663520148 . _:b666208568 . _:b666208393 _:b666208395 . _:b666208569 . _:b666208570 . _:b666208398 _:b666208400 . _:b665805677 "In humans, the duodenum is a hollow jointed tube about 10-15 inches (25-38 centimetres) long connecting the stomach to the jejunum. It begins with the duodenal bulb and ends at the ligament of Treitz."^^ . _:b666208571 . _:b666208395 _:b666208394 . _:b666208392 _:b666208391 . _:b666208564 . _:b666208565 . _:b666208397 _:b666208396 . _:b666208566 . _:b666208567 . _:b666208560 . _:b666208561 . _:b666238250 . _:b663521041 . _:b666208562 . _:b666208400 _:b666208399 . _:b666208406 _:b666208405 . _:b666208407 _:b666208410 . _:b666208563 . _:b666208405 _:b666208404 . _:b666238392 _:b666238393 . _:b663520868 . _:b666208460 . _:b666208461 . _:b666208402 _:b666208401 . _:b666208403 _:b666208406 . _:b666208462 . _:b666208463 . _:b666208456 . _:b666208412 _:b666208411 . _:b666208457 . _:b666208413 _:b666208412 . _:b665862779 . _:b666239178 "VHOG"^^ . _:b666239166 . _:b666208458 . _:b666208415 _:b666208414 . _:b666208459 . _:b666238369 _:b666238370 . _:b663516618 . _:b666208452 . _:b663520803 "a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary (surface) is a self-connected fiat surface whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [033-001])"@en . _:b665862782 . _:b666208453 . _:b666208511 _:b666208515 . _:b666208454 . _:b665862687 . _:b666208409 _:b666208408 . _:b665862780 . _:b666208455 . _:b665862686 . _:b665862781 . _:b666208410 _:b666208409 . _:b666238376 _:b666238377 . _:b666208448 . _:b663913328 . _:b663520938 . _:b666238266 . _:b666208449 . _:b663913988 "All parts of temporal regions are temporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [101-001])"@en . _:b665862732 . _:b665797986 "DOI:10.1046/j.1525-142x.2000.00076.x Smith DM, Grasty RC, Theodosiou NA, Tabin CJ, Nascone-Yoder NM, Evolutionary relationships between the amphibian, avian, and mammalian stomachs. Evolution and development (2000)"^^ . _:b666208450 . _:b666208425 _:b666208428 . _:b666208451 . _:b666208427 _:b666208426 . _:b663913548 . _:b666208476 . _:b666208424 _:b666208423 . _:b663515806 "Continuant fiat boundary doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary and a one dimensional continuant fiat boundary that doesn't overlap it. The situation is analogous to temporal and spatial regions."@en . _:b663516857 . _:b666239169 "VHOG"^^ . _:b666208703 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_gastrointestinal_tract" . _:b665862729 . _:b666208428 _:b666208427 . _:b666208477 . _:b666208478 . _:b665862731 . _:b666208431 _:b666208430 . _:b666208479 . _:b666208959 . _:b663516020 . _:b665862730 . _:b663520941 . _:b666208472 . _:b666208430 _:b666208429 . _:b666208473 . _:b663521079 . _:b666208418 _:b666208417 . _:b665860572 . _:b666208419 _:b666208418 . _:b666208474 . _:b663521076 . _:b666239137 . _:b666208475 . _:b666239201 "lower intestine"^^ . _:b666208416 _:b666208419 . _:b666208468 . _:b666208469 . _:b663521074 . _:b666239138 . _:b666208470 . _:b663520870 . _:b663913211 . _:b666208422 _:b666208421 . _:b666208471 . _:b666208421 _:b666208420 . _:b666209609 . _:b666208464 . _:b666239197 "VHOG"^^ . _:b666208465 . _:b663520886 . _:b666208445 _:b666208444 . _:b666209611 . _:b665860648 . _:b666208466 . _:b665860649 . _:b666208467 . . _:b665860650 . _:b666208492 . _:b666209653 . _:b663913213 "Continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example, in an expansion involving bringing in some of Ceuster's other portions of reality, questions are raised as to whether universals are continuants"@en . _:b666209638 . _:b666208446 _:b666208445 . _:b666208493 . _:b666209652 . _:b666208494 . _:b666208495 . _:b666208442 _:b666208441 . _:b666239188 "VHOG"^^ . _:b666208443 _:b666208446 . _:b666208440 _:b666208439 . _:b666208488 . _:b666208439 _:b666208438 . _:b666208489 . _:b663520893 . _:b666209659 "intestinum tenue"^^ . _:b666209648 . _:b666208490 . _:b663520290 "ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.566"^^ . _:b666209660 "intestinum tenue"^^ . _:b663515968 . _:b666208436 _:b666208435 . _:b666208491 . _:b666208437 _:b666208436 . _:b666208484 . _:b666208485 . _:b663516648 . _:b666208434 _:b666208437 . _:b666239122 . _:b666208486 . _:b663515997 . _:b666208487 . _:b665860646 . _:b666208480 . _:b666208433 _:b666208432 . _:b663521071 . _:b665860647 . _:b665798474 "(forall (x) (if (Continuant x) (Entity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [008-002] " . _:b666208481 . _:b665861242 "(forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [037-001] " . _:b666208552 _:b666208551 . _:b666208482 . _:b666208553 _:b666208550 . _:b666208553 _:b666208552 . _:b666239113 . _:b666208483 . _:b666209636 . _:b666239112 . _:b666208508 . _:b666209639 . _:b666239115 . _:b666208509 . _:b663520921 . _:b666208510 . _:b666208558 _:b666208555 . _:b666239143 "VHOG"^^ . _:b666208511 . _:b666208557 _:b666208556 . _:b666208504 . _:b666208558 _:b666208557 . _:b666208505 . _:b666208506 . _:b666208507 . _:b666208547 _:b666208546 . _:b666208500 . _:b666209645 . _:b666208501 . _:b666208559 _:b666208561 . _:b666208502 . _:b666208548 _:b666208545 . _:b666208503 . _:b666208548 _:b666208547 . _:b666209779 "Branch or outpocketing of the digestive tract."^^ . _:b666208496 . _:b663516028 . _:b666208497 . _:b663516031 . _:b666208498 . _:b666208765 _:b666208768 . _:b666208499 . _:b666238199 "url:https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/general/index.html" . _:b666208396 . _:b666209554 . _:b666208397 . _:b666208398 . _:b666208399 . _:b666208392 . _:b665860517 "b is a site means: b is a three-dimensional immaterial entity that is (partially or wholly) bounded by a material entity or it is a three-dimensional immaterial part thereof. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [034-002])"@en . _:b666208567 _:b666208566 . _:b666208393 . _:b666208394 . _:b666208395 . _:b666208564 _:b666208563 . _:b663515885 . _:b666208565 _:b666208567 . _:b666208388 . _:b663516001 . _:b665798686 "VHOG:0000056"^^ . _:b666208389 . _:b666208562 _:b666208564 . _:b663913322 "(iff (TwoDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [033-001] " . _:b666239118 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663516732 "DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1996.tb01658.x Mallatt J, Ventilation and the origin of jawed vertebrates: a new mouth. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (1996)"^^ . _:b666208390 . _:b663516003 . _:b665798071 "VHOG:0000052"^^ . _:b666208391 . _:b666208384 . _:b666208561 _:b666208560 . _:b666208385 . _:b663516030 . _:b666208514 _:b666208513 . _:b666239106 "VHOG"^^ . _:b666208515 _:b666208514 . _:b666208386 . _:b666208387 . _:b665805450 . _:b666208412 . _:b666208513 _:b666208512 . _:b666208413 . _:b666209539 . _:b666208414 . _:b666208518 _:b666208517 . _:b666208516 _:b666208518 . _:b666208415 . _:b666208408 . _:b666208527 _:b666208530 . _:b666208409 . _:b665806569 "2024-09-28T12:43:32.955062"^^ . _:b666208410 . _:b666208411 . _:b666208404 . _:b663516898 . _:b666208405 . _:b663515923 . _:b666208406 . _:b666208407 . _:b666208400 . _:b665862209 "DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1996.tb01658.x Mallatt J, Ventilation and the origin of jawed vertebrates: a new mouth. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (1996)"^^ . _:b666208401 . _:b666208402 . _:b666208534 _:b666208533 . _:b666208535 _:b666208538 . _:b666208403 . _:b666208533 _:b666208532 . _:b666208428 . . _:b665860661 . _:b666239195 . _:b666208429 . _:b666208530 _:b666208529 . _:b663914236 "Anterior end of the alimentary canal lined with smooth muscle. Bounded anteriorly by a constriction in the pharynx. Bounded posteriorly by and increase in circular and/or longitudinal smooth muscle associated with the stomach.[AAO]"^^ . _:b666208531 _:b666208534 . _:b666208430 . _:b666208431 . _:b666208424 . _:b666208529 _:b666208528 . _:b666208425 . _:b666208542 _:b666208541 . _:b665806356 "MA"^^ . _:b666208543 _:b666208540 . _:b666208426 . _:b666208543 _:b666208542 . _:b666208427 . _:b666208420 . _:b665805605 "ncithesaurus:Esophagus"^^ . _:b666208421 . _:b665862127 . _:b666239186 . _:b666208422 . _:b666208537 _:b666208536 . _:b666208423 . _:b666208538 _:b666208537 . _:b663913311 "Continuant fiat boundary doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary and a one dimensional continuant fiat boundary that doesn't overlap it. The situation is analogous to temporal and spatial regions."@en . _:b666208416 . _:b663520968 . _:b666208417 . _:b666208418 . _:b666208419 . _:b665798035 "TAO:0000706"^^ . _:b666239176 . _:b663515914 . _:b665798593 "A gastrointestinal system infectious disease that involves inflammation of the lining of the stomach and small and large intestines, which is caused by viruses, bacteria, or parasites. Chemicals and drugs also cause gastroenteritis. The symptoms include diarrhea, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, cramps, and discomfort in the abdomen." . _:b666208444 . _:b663515913 . _:b666208445 . _:b665862957 "UMLS:C0014876"^^ . _:b666208446 . _:b665798502 "(forall (x) (if (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [039-001] " . _:b666208447 . _:b665806198 "A disease is a disposition (i) to undergo pathological processes that (ii) exists in an organism because of one or more disorders in that organism." . _:b663913469 . _:b666208440 . _:b666208441 . _:b666208442 . _:b663520835 . _:b666208443 . _:b666208436 . _:b666208437 . _:b666208438 . _:b666209576 . _:b666208439 . _:b666208432 . _:b666209479 . _:b666208433 . _:b666208434 . _:b666208435 . _:b663520737 "(forall (x t) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (SpatialRegion y) (spatiallyProjectsOntoAt x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [099-001] " . _:b666208332 . _:b666239035 . _:b666208333 . _:b663914273 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b666208334 . _:b666208335 . _:b663521141 . _:b666208541 "100.0"^^ . _:b666208328 . _:b666239093 "VHOG"^^ . _:b666208329 . _:b666208330 . _:b666208331 . _:b666208613 "(forall (x y) (if (and (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (SpatioTemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [096-001] " . _:b666208324 . _:b666208325 . _:b666208326 . _:b666208327 . _:b663519992 "(forall (x y) (if (and (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (SpatioTemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [096-001] " . _:b663516063 "upper intestine"^^ . _:b663914410 "The first chamber in the alimentary canal of a ruminant stomach, composed of the rumen and reticulum."^^ . _:b665860552 "A zero-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is without extent. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [102-001])"@en . _:b666208323 . _:b665860676 . _:b665863015 "2"^^ . _:b666208348 . _:b665805341 "b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002])"@en . _:b666208349 . _:b665798837 "UMLS:C0020885"^^ . _:b666208350 . _:b666239047 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663913426 . _:b666208351 . _:b663913481 "gaster"^^ . _:b666208344 . _:b666208345 . _:b666208346 . _:b666208347 . . _:b666208340 . _:b663516706 . _:b666208341 . _:b666208342 . _:b666208343 . _:b663914299 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b666208336 . _:b666208337 . _:b666208338 . _:b666208339 . _:b666208364 . _:b665798668 . _:b666208365 . _:b663516699 . _:b665798667 . _:b666208366 . _:b666208367 . _:b666208360 . _:b666208361 . _:b666208362 . _:b666208363 . _:b666208356 . _:b666208357 . _:b665863031 "BTO:0000365"^^ . _:b666208358 . _:b665860808 "VHOG"^^ . _:b666208359 . _:b666208352 . _:b666208353 . _:b666208354 . _:b666208355 . _:b666208380 . _:b665863032 "BTO:0000365"^^ . _:b666208381 . _:b666208382 . _:b666208556 "100.0"^^ . _:b666208383 . _:b666208376 . _:b665805334 "Occurrent doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the sum of a process and the process boundary of another process."@en . _:b666208377 . _:b665862695 "For every independent continuant b and time t during the region of time spanned by its life, there are entities which s-depends_on b during t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [018-002])"@en . _:b666208378 . _:b666208379 . _:b666208372 . _:b666208373 . _:b666208551 "100.0"^^ . _:b666208374 . _:b666208375 . _:b666208368 . _:b666208546 "100.0"^^ . _:b666239037 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665861986 "(forall (x) (if (RealizableEntity x) (and (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (inheresIn x y)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [058-002] " . _:b666208369 . _:b665797812 "A material entity is an independent continuant that has some portion of matter as proper or improper continuant part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [019-002])"@en . _:b666208370 . _:b666208371 . _:b665862880 . _:b665805640 . _:b666208771 . _:b663913585 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b666208770 . _:b663913584 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b663516823 "VHOG:0000647"^^ . _:b663913586 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b665806349 "VHOG:0000450"^^ . _:b666239089 . _:b666239090 . _:b665797989 "gaster"^^ . _:b663913422 . _:b663516744 "The terminal portion of the large intestine between the ileo-pelvic colon and the anus. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665806069 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b665860780 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663520247 "UMLS:C0007531"^^ . _:b663515792 . _:b665862940 "An expanded region of the vertebrate alimentary tract that serves as a food storage compartment and digestive organ. A stomach is lined, in whole or in part by a glandular epithelium."^^ . _:b663515799 . _:b663515802 . _:b663515803 . _:b663515800 . _:b663913277 "(iff (SpecificallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (forall (t) (if (existsAt a t) (exists (b) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (not (SpatialRegion b)) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [050-003] " . _:b663515801 . _:b665805666 . _:b665798154 . _:b663515804 . _:b665860799 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663516619 . _:b663913432 . _:b666208701 _:b666208700 . _:b666208688 _:b666208691 . _:b666208702 _:b666208701 . _:b665805675 . _:b665805685 . _:b666238573 . _:b663515786 . _:b665860789 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663515787 . _:b666208699 _:b666208702 . _:b666208691 _:b666208690 . _:b663515791 . _:b666208690 _:b666208689 . _:b666208706 _:b666208707 . _:b665805694 . _:b666209388 "An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects " . _:b666239279 . _:b666209387 "An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects " . _:b666239274 . _:b665862784 "(iff (RelationalQuality a) (exists (b c t) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (IndependentContinuant c) (qualityOfAt a b t) (qualityOfAt a c t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [057-001] " . _:b663519730 . _:b663519727 . _:b663519719 . _:b666208882 "Last portion of the large intestine before it becomes the rectum."^^ . _:b666238398 "ncithesaurus:Colon"^^ . _:b665862280 "The first part of the small intestine. At the junction of the stomach and the duodenum the alimentary canal is inflected. The duodenum first goes anteriorly for a short distance, turns dorsally, and eventually caudally, thus it is a U-shaped structure with two horizontal sections (a ventral and a dorsal one)."^^ . _:b666209805 "To say that each spatiotemporal region s temporally_projects_onto some temporal region t is to say that t is the temporal extension of s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [080-003])"@en . _:b663519735 . _:b663519722 . _:b663519714 . _:b666208729 _:b666208728 . _:b663519733 . _:b666208730 _:b666208727 . _:b666208730 _:b666208729 . _:b666239044 . _:b666208726 _:b666208730 . _:b666209705 . _:b663519739 . _:b663519718 . _:b663516548 "(forall (x) (if (MaterialEntity x) (IndependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [019-002] " . _:b666209228 . _:b663519742 . _:b665860754 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663519713 . _:b666209229 . _:b666209230 . _:b666209710 . _:b666209231 . _:b663519725 . _:b666239291 . _:b666209224 . _:b666208715 _:b666208718 . _:b666209225 . _:b665805590 . _:b666209226 . _:b665797705 . _:b666208713 _:b666208712 . _:b666209227 . _:b666208711 _:b666208714 . _:b663519729 . _:b666208714 _:b666208713 . _:b663519740 . _:b666209806 "To say that spatiotemporal region s spatially_projects_onto spatial region r at t is to say that r is the spatial extent of s at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [081-003])"@en . _:b666209220 . _:b663519734 . _:b666209221 . _:b665797700 . _:b666209222 . _:b663519732 . _:b666208731 _:b666208732 . _:b666209223 . _:b663519717 . _:b663519736 . _:b663914448 "To say that each spatiotemporal region s temporally_projects_onto some temporal region t is to say that t is the temporal extension of s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [080-003])"@en . _:b666208717 _:b666208716 . _:b663519728 . _:b666209216 . _:b666208718 _:b666208717 . _:b663519738 . _:b666209217 . _:b665806134 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b665862141 "UMLS:C0021851"^^ . _:b666209218 . _:b666208767 _:b666208766 . _:b666208752 _:b666208756 . _:b663913295 "(iff (GenericallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (exists (b t) (genericallyDependsOnAt a b t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [074-001] " . _:b666209723 . _:b666209219 . _:b663519721 . _:b665860717 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663519743 . _:b665861378 . _:b666209244 . _:b663519726 . _:b663519731 . _:b666208757 _:b666208760 . _:b666209245 . _:b665860658 "The tract of the alimentary canal. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b666209246 . _:b663519724 . _:b665860704 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665861608 . _:b665798764 . _:b666209247 . _:b663519737 . _:b665861609 . _:b663519741 . _:b665798765 . _:b666209240 . _:b666208760 _:b666208759 . _:b665798766 . _:b666209241 . _:b665861392 . _:b665798767 . _:b666209242 . _:b663516606 . _:b665861393 . _:b666208736 _:b666208737 . _:b666209243 . _:b666208756 _:b666208755 . _:b665861394 . _:b665798761 . _:b666209236 . _:b666208759 _:b666208758 . _:b663913945 "100.0"^^ . _:b665861395 . _:b665805603 . _:b666209237 . _:b665862058 "A disease is a disposition (i) to undergo pathological processes that (ii) exists in an organism because of one or more disorders in that organism." . _:b663521007 . _:b665860461 "Spatial region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the union of a spatial point and a spatial line that doesn't overlap the point, or two spatial lines that intersect at a single point. In both cases the resultant spatial region is neither 0-dimensional, 1-dimensional, 2-dimensional, or 3-dimensional."@en . _:b665861396 . _:b665798763 . _:b666209238 . _:b665798772 . _:b666209239 . _:b666208755 _:b666208753 . _:b665860729 "VHOG"^^ . _:b666208741 _:b666208742 . _:b663913940 "100.0"^^ . _:b665798773 . _:b666209232 . _:b665805615 . _:b666209233 . _:b665861607 . _:b666208744 _:b666208743 . _:b666209234 . _:b666208745 _:b666208744 . _:b665798768 . _:b666209235 . _:b665806080 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b665798769 . _:b666209260 . _:b666208742 _:b666208745 . _:b665798770 . _:b666209261 . _:b666208750 _:b666208749 . _:b665805415 "(forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [103-001] " . _:b665798771 . _:b666209262 . _:b665861668 . _:b663913935 "100.0"^^ . _:b666208751 _:b666208750 . _:b666209263 . _:b666208737 _:b666208740 . _:b666209256 . _:b665798070 "ISBN:0815318960"^^ . _:b665806093 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b666209257 . _:b666208748 _:b666208751 . _:b663913930 "100.0"^^ . _:b663519708 . _:b666209258 . _:b666209259 . _:b666208739 _:b666208738 . _:b663516159 "The first chamber in the alimentary canal of a ruminant stomach, composed of the rumen and reticulum."^^ . _:b666209252 . _:b666209253 . _:b666209254 . _:b666239250 . _:b666208740 _:b666208739 . _:b666209255 . _:b663516009 "caeca"^^ . _:b666209248 . _:b663520768 "ISBN:978-3-938793-98-5pp124-158#Thomas Bittner and Barry Smith, 'A Theory of Granular Partitions', in K. Munn and B. Smith (eds.), Applied Ontology: An Introduction, Frankfurt/Lancaster: ontos, 2008, 125-158." . _:b666208753 _:b666208754 . _:b663914401 . _:b666209249 . _:b666209250 . _:b663519709 . _:b666209251 . _:b666209801 . _:b663914404 . _:b666208976 _:b666208975 . _:b666209276 . _:b666208983 _:b666208982 . _:b666209277 . _:b665806098 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b666209278 . _:b666209804 . _:b666209279 . _:b666209272 . _:b666208977 _:b666208976 . _:b666238201 . _:b666209273 . _:b666208616 "p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003])"@en . _:b666209274 . _:b666209275 . _:b666209268 . _:b666209768 . _:b666208984 _:b666208981 . _:b666209269 . _:b666208980 _:b666208985 . _:b666209270 . _:b666208985 _:b666208984 . _:b666208793 . _:b666209271 . _:b666208984 _:b666208983 . _:b666209264 . _:b666209792 . _:b666209265 . _:b666209793 . _:b666209266 . _:b666209267 . _:b666208963 _:b666208962 . _:b666209795 . _:b663516926 . _:b666209164 . _:b666209165 . _:b666208974 _:b666208977 . _:b666209166 . _:b666208964 _:b666208963 . _:b666209167 . _:b666209160 . _:b666209161 . _:b666208989 _:b666208990 . _:b666209162 . _:b666209163 . _:b666209156 . _:b665805566 . _:b665805567 . _:b665805564 . _:b665805565 . _:b666209157 . _:b665805562 . _:b665805563 . _:b665805560 . _:b665805561 . _:b666209158 . _:b666208768 _:b666208767 . _:b665805558 . _:b665860648 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665805559 . _:b665805556 . _:b665805557 . _:b666209159 . _:b665805554 . _:b665805555 . _:b665805552 . _:b666208961 _:b666208964 . _:b665805553 . _:b666209152 . _:b665805550 . _:b665805551 . _:b665805548 . _:b665805549 . _:b666209153 . _:b666209020 _:b666209019 . _:b665805546 . _:b665805547 . _:b665805544 . _:b665805545 . _:b666209154 . _:b665805534 . _:b665805542 . _:b666209011 _:b666209014 . _:b665805543 . _:b665805540 . _:b665805541 . _:b666209155 . _:b665805538 . _:b665805539 . _:b665805536 . _:b665805537 . _:b666209180 . _:b665805534 . _:b665805535 . _:b665805532 . _:b665797695 . _:b665805533 . _:b666209181 . _:b665863129 . _:b665805530 . _:b666209019 _:b666209018 . _:b665805531 . _:b665805528 . _:b665805529 . _:b666209182 . _:b665805526 . _:b663913554 "Intestinal surface area also is increased in amphibians and reptiles by internal folds and occasionally by a few villi. The intestine can be divided into a small intestine and a slightly wider large intestine.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665805527 . _:b665805524 . _:b665805525 . _:b666209183 . _:b665798034 "AAO:0010400"^^ . _:b665805522 . _:b665805523 . _:b665805520 . _:b665797690 . _:b665805521 . _:b666209176 . _:b665805518 . _:b665805519 . _:b663913375 . _:b665805516 . _:b665805517 . _:b666209177 . _:b665805514 . _:b665805515 . _:b665805512 . _:b666239177 . _:b666209017 _:b666209020 . _:b666209013 _:b666209012 . _:b665805513 . _:b666209178 . _:b665805510 . _:b665805511 . _:b666209014 _:b666209013 . _:b665805508 . _:b665805509 . _:b666209179 . _:b665805506 . _:b665805507 . _:b666209008 _:b666209007 . _:b665805504 . _:b665805505 . _:b666209172 . _:b665805502 . _:b665805503 . _:b665805500 . _:b663516178 . _:b665805501 . _:b666209173 . _:b665805498 . _:b665860782 "intestinum tenue"^^ . _:b665805499 . _:b665805496 . _:b665805497 . _:b666209174 . _:b665805494 . _:b665860783 "intestinum tenue"^^ . _:b665805495 . _:b665805492 . _:b665805493 . _:b666209175 . _:b665805490 . _:b665805491 . _:b665805488 . _:b665805489 . _:b666209168 . _:b665806375 "blindgut"^^ . _:b665805486 . _:b666209009 _:b666209008 . _:b665805487 . _:b665805484 . _:b665805485 . _:b666209169 . _:b665805482 . _:b665805483 . _:b665805480 . _:b665805481 . _:b666209170 . _:b666209002 _:b666209001 . _:b665805478 . _:b665863175 . _:b665805479 . _:b665805476 . _:b665805477 . _:b666209171 . _:b665861543 . _:b665805474 . _:b665805475 . _:b665797764 "(forall (x y) (if (and (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (SpatioTemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [096-001] " . _:b666209003 _:b666209002 . _:b665805472 . _:b665805473 . _:b666209196 . _:b665805544 . _:b665805470 . _:b665860658 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665805471 . _:b665805468 . _:b666239196 . _:b665805469 . _:b666209197 . _:b665805466 . _:b665805467 . _:b665805464 . _:b665805465 . _:b666209198 . _:b665805462 . _:b666208995 _:b666208998 . _:b665805463 . _:b665805460 . _:b663914449 "To say that spatiotemporal region s spatially_projects_onto spatial region r at t is to say that r is the spatial extent of s at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [081-003])"@en . _:b665805461 . _:b666209199 . _:b665805458 . _:b665805459 . _:b665805456 . _:b665805457 . _:b666209192 . _:b665805454 . _:b665805455 . _:b665805452 . _:b665805453 . _:b666209193 . _:b665805450 . _:b665805451 . _:b665805448 . _:b665805449 . _:b666209194 . _:b665805446 . _:b665805447 . _:b665805444 . _:b665805445 . _:b666209195 . _:b665805442 . _:b665805443 . _:b665805440 . _:b665805441 . _:b666209188 . _:b665805438 . _:b665805439 . _:b665805436 . _:b665805437 . _:b666209189 . _:b665805434 . _:b665805435 . _:b665805432 . _:b666208997 _:b666208996 . _:b665805433 . _:b666209190 . _:b666209006 _:b666209009 . _:b666208808 . _:b665861552 . _:b665806151 . _:b665805430 . _:b665805431 . _:b666209000 _:b666209003 . _:b666208998 _:b666208997 . _:b665805428 . _:b665805429 . _:b666209191 . _:b665805426 . _:b665805736 . _:b665805427 . _:b663913392 . _:b665805424 . _:b666239187 . _:b665860531 "Every entity which has a material entity as continuant part is a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [020-002])"@en . _:b665805425 . _:b666209184 . _:b665805422 . _:b665805423 . _:b665805420 . _:b665861497 "Last portion of the large intestine before it becomes the rectum."^^ . _:b665805421 . _:b666209185 . _:b665805418 . _:b665805419 . _:b665805416 . _:b663516175 . _:b665805417 . _:b666209186 . _:b665805414 . _:b665805415 . _:b665805412 . _:b665805413 . _:b666209187 . _:b665805410 . _:b665805411 . _:b665805408 . _:b665805409 . _:b666209212 . _:b665805406 . _:b665805741 . _:b665805407 . _:b665805404 . _:b665805405 . _:b666209213 . _:b665805402 . _:b666208911 . _:b665805403 . _:b665805400 . _:b665805401 . _:b666209214 . _:b665805398 . _:b665805399 . _:b666208900 _:b666208899 . _:b665805396 . _:b665805397 . _:b666209215 . _:b665805394 . _:b666208901 _:b666208900 . _:b665805395 . _:b665805392 . _:b665805393 . _:b666209208 . _:b665805390 . _:b665805391 . _:b665805388 . _:b665805389 . _:b666209209 . _:b665805386 . _:b665805387 . _:b665805384 . _:b665805385 . _:b666209210 . _:b665862269 "2"^^ . _:b665805382 . _:b665805383 . _:b665805380 . _:b665805381 . _:b666209211 . _:b665805378 . _:b665805379 . _:b665805376 . _:b665805377 . _:b666209204 . _:b665805374 . _:b665805375 . _:b665805372 . _:b666239140 . _:b665805373 . _:b666209205 . _:b666208898 _:b666208901 . _:b665805370 . _:b665805371 . _:b665805368 . _:b665797872 . _:b665805369 . _:b666209206 . _:b665805366 . _:b665805367 . _:b665805364 . _:b665805365 . _:b666209207 . _:b665805362 . _:b665805363 . _:b665805360 . _:b665805361 . _:b666209200 . _:b665805358 . _:b665805359 . _:b665805356 . _:b665805357 . _:b666209201 . _:b665805354 . _:b665805355 . _:b665805352 . _:b665805353 . _:b666209202 . _:b665805350 . _:b665805759 . _:b665805351 . _:b665805348 . _:b665805349 . _:b666209203 . _:b665805346 . _:b665805756 . _:b665805347 . _:b665805344 . _:b666239167 . _:b665805345 . _:b666209100 . _:b665805342 . _:b665860778 . _:b665805343 . _:b665805340 . _:b665805341 . _:b666209101 . _:b665805338 . _:b665805339 . _:b666238358 "Tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach. In mammals, the oesophagus connects the buccal cavity with the stomach. The stratified squamous non-keratinised epithelium lining the buccal cavity is continued through the pharynx down into the oesophagus. The lowest part of the oesophagus (ca. 2 cm) is lined with gastric mucosa and covered by peritoneum. The main body of the oesophagus is lined with small, simple mucous glands. Each gland opens into the lumen by a long duct which pierces the muscularis mucosae (Wilson and Washington, 1989). A sphincter is situated at the point where the oesophagus enters the stomach to prevent gastro-oesophageal reflux, i.e. to prevent acidic gastric contents from reaching stratified epithelia of the oesophagus, where they can cause inflammation and irritation (Wilson and Washington, 1989; Brown et al., 1993)."^^ . _:b665805336 . _:b665805337 . _:b666209102 . _:b665805334 . _:b665805335 . _:b665805332 . _:b665805333 . _:b666209103 . _:b665805330 . _:b665797488 . _:b665805331 . _:b665805328 . _:b666208903 _:b666208904 . _:b665805329 . _:b666209096 . _:b665805326 . _:b666208920 . _:b665860782 . _:b665797495 . _:b665805327 . _:b665805324 . _:b665805325 . _:b666209097 . _:b665861533 . _:b665805322 . _:b665805323 . _:b665805320 . _:b665805321 . _:b666209098 . _:b665805318 . _:b665805319 . _:b665805316 . _:b663516746 . _:b665805317 . _:b666209099 . _:b665805314 . _:b665797492 . _:b665805315 . _:b665805312 . _:b665805313 . _:b666209092 . _:b665805822 . _:b665805823 . _:b665805820 . _:b663516744 . _:b665805821 . _:b666209093 . _:b665805818 . _:b665805819 . _:b665805816 . _:b663516745 . _:b665797856 . _:b665805817 . _:b666209094 . _:b665805814 . _:b665797497 . _:b665805815 . _:b665805812 . _:b665805813 . _:b666209095 . _:b665861523 . _:b665805810 . _:b665805811 . _:b665805808 . _:b665805809 . _:b666209088 . _:b665805806 . _:b665805807 . _:b665805804 . _:b665805805 . _:b666209089 . _:b665805802 . _:b665805803 . _:b665805800 . _:b665805801 . _:b666209090 . _:b665805798 . _:b666208930 . _:b665797501 . _:b665805799 . _:b663516812 . _:b665805796 . _:b663516738 . _:b665805797 . _:b666209091 . _:b665805794 . _:b665805795 . _:b663516813 . _:b665805792 . _:b663516739 . _:b665805793 . _:b666209116 . _:b665805790 . _:b665805791 . _:b663516814 . _:b665805788 . _:b665805789 . _:b666209117 . _:b663914323 "BTO:0000657"^^ . _:b665805786 . _:b665805787 . _:b663516815 . _:b665805784 . _:b666239117 . _:b665805785 . _:b666209118 . _:b665805782 . _:b665805783 . _:b665805780 . _:b665805781 . _:b666209119 . _:b663914321 "BTO:0000657"^^ . _:b665805778 . _:b665805779 . _:b665805776 . _:b663516743 . _:b665805777 . _:b666209112 . _:b665805774 . _:b665797479 . _:b665805775 . _:b665805772 . _:b665805773 . _:b666209113 . _:b665797934 . _:b665805770 . _:b666208939 . _:b665805771 . _:b665805768 . _:b663516741 . _:b665805769 . _:b666209114 . _:b665805766 . _:b665805767 . _:b665805764 . _:b665805765 . _:b666209115 . _:b665805762 . _:b665805763 . _:b665805760 . _:b665805761 . _:b666209108 . _:b665805758 . _:b665805759 . _:b665805756 . _:b665805757 . _:b666209109 . _:b665805754 . _:b665805755 . _:b665805752 . _:b665805753 . _:b666209110 . _:b665805750 . _:b665805751 . _:b665805748 . _:b665805749 . _:b666209111 . _:b665861334 . _:b665805746 . _:b665805747 . _:b665805744 . _:b665805745 . _:b666209104 . _:b665805742 . _:b665805743 . _:b665805740 . _:b666239104 . _:b665805741 . _:b666209739 "alimentary system subdivision"^^ . _:b666209105 . _:b666208958 _:b666208957 . _:b665805738 . _:b665805739 . _:b665805736 . _:b665805737 . _:b666209106 . _:b665805734 . _:b665805735 . _:b665805732 . _:b666208959 _:b666208958 . _:b665805733 . _:b666209107 . _:b665805730 . _:b665797484 . _:b665806120 "If b is a realizable entity then for all t at which b exists, b s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [063-002])"@en . _:b665805731 . _:b665805728 . _:b666208945 _:b666208948 . _:b665805729 . _:b666209132 . _:b665805726 . _:b665805727 . _:b665805724 . _:b665805725 . _:b666209133 . _:b665805722 . _:b665805723 . _:b666208952 _:b666208951 . _:b665805720 . _:b665805721 . _:b666209134 . _:b665805718 . _:b666208953 _:b666208952 . _:b665805719 . _:b665805716 . _:b665805717 . _:b666209135 . _:b665805714 . _:b665861960 "All parts of temporal regions are temporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [101-001])"@en . _:b665798686 "The tract of the alimentary canal. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665805715 . _:b665805712 . _:b665805713 . _:b666209128 . _:b666208950 _:b666208953 . _:b665805710 . _:b665805711 . _:b665805708 . _:b665805709 . _:b666209129 . _:b665805706 . _:b665805707 . _:b665805704 . _:b663520729 "A two-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of two dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [039-001])"@en . _:b665805705 . _:b666209130 . _:b665805702 . _:b665805703 . _:b665805700 . _:b665805701 . _:b666209131 . _:b666208948 _:b666208947 . _:b665862888 . _:b665805698 . _:b665805699 . _:b665805696 . _:b665805697 . _:b666209124 . _:b665805694 . _:b665805695 . _:b665805692 . _:b666239124 . _:b665805693 . _:b666209125 . _:b663521001 "intestinum crassum cecum"^^ . _:b665805690 . _:b665805691 . _:b666208956 _:b666208959 . _:b665805688 . _:b665805689 . _:b666209126 . _:b665805686 . _:b665805687 . _:b663516816 . _:b665805684 . _:b665805685 . _:b666209127 . _:b665805682 . _:b666208947 _:b666208946 . _:b665805683 . _:b663516817 . _:b665805680 . _:b665805681 . _:b666209120 . _:b665798929 . _:b665805678 . _:b665805679 . _:b663516818 . _:b665805676 . _:b665805677 . _:b666209121 . _:b666208892 _:b666208891 . _:b665798928 . _:b665805674 . _:b666208835 . _:b665805675 . _:b665805672 . _:b665805673 . _:b666209122 . _:b665805670 . _:b665805671 . _:b665805668 . _:b665805669 . _:b666209123 . _:b665805666 . _:b665805667 . _:b665805664 . _:b665805665 . _:b666209148 . _:b665861494 . _:b665805662 . _:b665805663 . _:b663516581 . _:b665805660 . _:b665805661 . _:b666209149 . _:b665805658 . _:b666208891 _:b666208890 . _:b665805659 . _:b665805656 . _:b665805657 . _:b666209150 . _:b665805654 . _:b665805655 . _:b665805652 . _:b663515767 . _:b665805653 . _:b666209151 . _:b665862884 . _:b663913477 "Portion of alimentary canal with increased circular and longitudinal smooth muscle. Bounded posteriorly by the pyloric sphincter. Mucosal lining has increased folding.[AAO]"^^ . _:b663914323 "middle intestine"^^ . _:b665805650 . _:b665860564 "url:http://www.health.state.ny.us/diseases/communicable/campylobacteriosis/fact_sheet.htm" . _:b665805651 . _:b665805648 . _:b663515766 . _:b665805649 . _:b666209144 . _:b665862885 . _:b665805646 . _:b665805647 . _:b665805644 . _:b663913250 "All parts of spatiotemporal regions are spatiotemporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [096-001])"@en . _:b665805645 . _:b666209145 . _:b665862886 . _:b665805642 . _:b665805643 . _:b665805640 . _:b666208889 _:b666208892 . _:b663516660 . _:b665805641 . _:b666209146 . _:b665862887 . _:b665805638 . _:b665805639 . _:b665805636 . _:b663516659 . _:b665805637 . _:b666209147 . _:b665805634 . _:b665805635 . _:b665805632 . _:b665797883 . _:b665805633 . _:b666209640 . _:b666209140 . _:b665805630 . _:b665805631 . _:b665805628 . _:b663515769 . _:b665805629 . _:b666209141 . _:b665805626 . _:b665805627 . _:b665805624 . _:b663515768 . _:b665805625 . _:b666209142 . _:b665805622 . _:b665805623 . _:b665805620 . _:b665805621 . _:b666209143 . _:b663515774 . _:b665805618 . _:b663913509 "A pouch in the digestive tract that connects the ileum with the ascending colon of the large intestine. It is separated from the ileum by the ileocecal valve, and is the beginning of the large intestine. It is also separated from the colon by the cecocolic junction."^^ . _:b665805619 . _:b665805616 . _:b663516669 . _:b665805617 . _:b666209136 . _:b665805614 . _:b666208848 . _:b665805615 . _:b666209031 . _:b665805612 . _:b665805613 . _:b666209137 . _:b665805610 . _:b665805611 . _:b665805608 . _:b665805609 . _:b666209138 . _:b663515773 . _:b665805606 . _:b665805607 . _:b665805604 . _:b665805605 . _:b666209139 . _:b665805602 . _:b665805603 . _:b663519710 . _:b665805600 . _:b665805601 . _:b666209036 . _:b665861446 . _:b665805598 . _:b666208860 . _:b665805599 . _:b665805596 . _:b665806335 . _:b665805597 . _:b666209037 . _:b665805594 . _:b665805595 . _:b665805592 . _:b665806334 . _:b665805593 . _:b666209038 . _:b665805590 . _:b665805591 . _:b665805588 . _:b665806333 . _:b665805589 . _:b666209039 . _:b665805586 . _:b665805587 . _:b665805584 . _:b665806332 . _:b665805585 . _:b666209032 . _:b665805582 . _:b665805583 . _:b665805580 . _:b665805581 . _:b666209033 . _:b665861469 . _:b665861140 . _:b665805578 . _:b665805579 . _:b665805576 . _:b666239036 . _:b665805577 . _:b666209034 . _:b665805574 . _:b665805575 . _:b665805572 . _:b666239037 . _:b665805573 . _:b666209035 . _:b665805570 . _:b665862119 . _:b663520984 "MP:0000492"^^ . _:b665805571 . _:b665805568 . _:b666239038 . _:b665862780 "b process_profile_of c holds when b proper_occurrent_part_of c& there is some proper_occurrent_part d of c which has no parts in common with b & is mutually dependent on b& is such that b, c and d occupy the same temporal region (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [094-005])"@en . _:b665805569 . _:b666209028 . _:b666239039 . _:b666209029 . _:b666209030 . _:b666209031 . _:b666209277 _:b666209280 . _:b666209032 . _:b666239091 . _:b666209024 . _:b666239035 . _:b663520010 "(forall (x) (if (exists (t) (and (existsAt x t) (Quality x))) (forall (t_1) (if (existsAt x t_1) (Quality x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [105-001] " . _:b666209025 . . _:b666209026 . _:b666209027 . _:b666209052 . _:b665863001 . _:b666209053 . _:b663520356 . _:b666209054 . _:b663516769 "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]"^^ . _:b666209055 . _:b665805624 "caecum"^^ . _:b666209386 "(forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [038-001] " . _:b666209048 . _:b666209049 . _:b663913292 "(forall (x) (if (Site x) (ImmaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [034-002] " . _:b666209050 . _:b666209051 . _:b666208885 . _:b666209044 . _:b666209045 . _:b666239045 . _:b666208844 _:b666208845 . _:b666209046 . _:b666209047 . _:b665862211 "UMLS:C0014876"^^ . _:b666209040 . _:b666209549 . _:b666209041 . _:b666209550 . _:b666209042 . _:b663913422 "Intestinal surface area also is increased in amphibians and reptiles by internal folds and occasionally by a few villi. The intestine can be divided into a small intestine and a slightly wider large intestine.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665860601 . _:b663515709 "A continuant is an entity that persists, endures, or continues to exist through time while maintaining its identity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [008-002])"@en . _:b666209043 . _:b666209068 . _:b666209069 . _:b665797586 . _:b666209070 . _:b663520158 "ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.566"^^ . _:b665860809 . _:b666209071 . _:b663520082 . _:b666209798 . _:b665860808 . _:b666209064 . _:b665860811 . _:b666209065 . _:b665860810 . _:b666209066 . _:b665797589 . _:b665860813 . _:b666209067 . _:b665860812 . _:b666209060 . _:b665797595 . _:b663516823 "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]"^^ . _:b666209061 . _:b663519720 . _:b666209062 . _:b663519723 . _:b663519715 . _:b666209063 . _:b665797592 . _:b666208937 . _:b666209056 . _:b666209057 . _:b663519716 . _:b665797598 . _:b666209058 . _:b666209059 . _:b663914320 "UMLS:C0022378"^^ . _:b666209084 . _:b665797571 . _:b663520071 . _:b665860807 . _:b666209085 . _:b666208814 _:b666208813 . _:b666208802 _:b666208806 . _:b665860806 . _:b666209086 . _:b663516006 "UMLS:C0007531"^^ . _:b666208815 _:b666208814 . _:b666209087 . _:b665797568 . _:b663520066 . _:b666208800 _:b666208799 . _:b666209080 . _:b666208801 _:b666208798 . _:b666208928 . _:b666209081 . _:b665797574 . _:b666208779 . _:b666208812 _:b666208815 . _:b666209082 . _:b663520065 . _:b663520077 . _:b666209083 . _:b666208789 . _:b663520076 . _:b666209076 . _:b666208801 _:b666208800 . _:b666209077 . _:b663913702 "To say that each spatiotemporal region s temporally_projects_onto some temporal region t is to say that t is the temporal extension of s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [080-003])"@en . _:b666208805 _:b666208804 . _:b666209078 . _:b665797577 . _:b666208806 _:b666208805 . _:b666209079 . _:b663520074 . _:b666209072 . _:b665797583 . _:b663520075 . _:b666208806 _:b666208803 . _:b665860597 . _:b666209073 . _:b666209074 . _:b666208819 _:b666208822 . _:b665806101 "Every temporal region t is such that t occupies_temporal_region t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [119-002])"@en . _:b666209075 . _:b665797580 . _:b663520338 . _:b666208972 . _:b665797619 . _:b666239036 . _:b665861401 . _:b666208973 . _:b666208974 . _:b666238383 "caeca"^^ . _:b666208975 . _:b665797616 . _:b666208968 . _:b663520343 . _:b666209770 . _:b666208969 . _:b665797622 . _:b666208821 _:b666208820 . _:b665797977 . _:b666208970 . _:b666208822 _:b666208821 . _:b666208971 . _:b666208964 . _:b665805310 . _:b665805311 . _:b665805308 . _:b665805309 . _:b666208965 . _:b665805306 . _:b666209597 . _:b665805307 . _:b665798510 "(forall (x y) (if (and (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (SpatioTemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [096-001] " . _:b666239096 . _:b665805304 . _:b665805305 . _:b666208966 . _:b665861392 . _:b665805302 . _:b666208918 . _:b665797625 . _:b665805303 . _:b665805300 . _:b666239097 . _:b665805301 . _:b666208967 . _:b665805298 . _:b665805299 . _:b665806161 "(forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [103-001] " . _:b665805296 . _:b665805297 . _:b666208960 . _:b665805294 . _:b665797631 . _:b665805295 . _:b665805292 . _:b665805293 . _:b666208961 . _:b665805290 . _:b665805291 . _:b665805288 . _:b666239092 . _:b665805289 . _:b666208962 . _:b665805286 . _:b665805287 . _:b666209675 "MGI:monikat"^^ . _:b665805284 . _:b666239093 . _:b663516584 . _:b665805285 . _:b666208963 . _:b665805282 . _:b665797628 . _:b665805283 . _:b665805280 . _:b666239094 . _:b665805281 . _:b666208988 . _:b665805278 . _:b666208908 . _:b665805279 . _:b665805276 . _:b666239095 . _:b665805277 . _:b666208989 . _:b665805274 . _:b666209589 . _:b665805275 . _:b665805272 . _:b665805273 . _:b666208990 . _:b665805270 . _:b665797601 . _:b665806529 . _:b665805271 . _:b666209590 . _:b665805268 . _:b666239089 . _:b665805269 . _:b666208991 . _:b665805266 . _:b666209591 . _:b665805267 . _:b665805264 . _:b666239090 . _:b665805265 . _:b666208984 . _:b665805262 . _:b665797607 . _:b665805263 . _:b665805260 . _:b666239091 . _:b665805261 . _:b666208985 . _:b665805258 . _:b665862942 "It appears that the stomach has an ancient origin. The stomach first appears in the fish lineage. The prevertebrate chordates do not have a true stomach, whereas the cartilaginous and bony fish do. Although most fish do have a true stomach, some fish species appear to have lost the stomach secondarily. The remaining vertebrate lineages do have a true stomach (at least in the adult animal), although there is great variation in the size and shape of the stomach.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665805259 . _:b665805256 . _:b666209758 . _:b665805257 . _:b666208986 . _:b665805254 . _:b665805255 . _:b665862225 "EHDAA2"^^ . _:b663913167 . _:b665805252 . _:b665805253 . _:b666208987 . _:b665805250 . _:b665797604 . _:b663913169 . _:b665805251 . _:b665805248 . _:b663913166 . _:b663913165 . _:b665805249 . _:b666208980 . _:b665805246 . _:b665805247 . _:b665805244 . _:b665805245 . _:b666208981 . _:b665805242 . _:b665797610 . _:b665805243 . _:b665805240 . _:b665805241 . _:b666208982 . _:b665805238 . _:b665805239 . _:b665805236 . _:b665805237 . _:b666208983 . _:b665862956 "esophagus NOT part of gut in MA. part of gut in ZFA. part_of gut (via UGIT) in FMA. Consider splitting. Interspecies: The human oesophagus is 25 cm long and has a diameter of ca. 2 cm. Only little information was found on the oesophagus in rat, rabbit and pig. The oesophagus of rat (75 x 2 mm) and rabbit has no mucous glands and the cardia of the stomach has a well-developed sphincter, which prevents them from vomiting (Hebel and Stromberg, 1988; Manning et al., 1994). Morphologically the oesophagus is similar in man and pig; both are omnivores and have a non-keratinised epithelium, submucous glands and similar membrane enzymes. Like in humans, pigs can suffer from reflux oesophagitis and stress ulceration of the oesophagus. The pig oesophagus may therefore be a good model for investigation compared to the human oesophagus (Christie et al., 1995)"^^ . _:b665805234 . _:b665805235 . _:b665805232 . _:b665805233 . _:b666208976 . _:b665805230 . _:b665805231 . _:b665805228 . _:b665806336 "It appears that the stomach has an ancient origin. The stomach first appears in the fish lineage. The prevertebrate chordates do not have a true stomach, whereas the cartilaginous and bony fish do. Although most fish do have a true stomach, some fish species appear to have lost the stomach secondarily. The remaining vertebrate lineages do have a true stomach (at least in the adult animal), although there is great variation in the size and shape of the stomach.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665805229 . _:b666208977 . _:b665805226 . _:b665805227 . _:b666239119 "UMLS:C0034896"^^ . _:b665805224 . _:b665805225 . _:b666208978 . _:b665805222 . _:b666209570 . _:b665797613 . _:b665805223 . _:b665805220 . _:b665805221 . _:b666208979 . _:b665862816 . _:b665805218 . _:b666209571 . _:b665805219 . _:b665805216 . _:b665805217 . _:b666209004 . _:b665805214 . _:b665805215 . _:b666209572 . _:b665861414 . _:b665805212 . _:b665798730 . _:b665805213 . _:b666209005 . _:b665805210 . _:b666209573 . _:b665797522 . _:b665805211 . _:b665805208 . _:b665805209 . _:b666209006 . _:b665805206 . _:b665805207 . _:b666209574 . _:b665805204 . _:b665805205 . _:b666209007 . _:b665805202 . _:b666209575 . _:b665805203 . _:b665861413 . _:b665805200 . _:b666209772 . _:b665805201 . _:b666209000 . _:b665805198 . _:b665797527 . _:b665805199 . _:b665805196 . _:b665805197 . _:b666209001 . _:b666208796 _:b666208795 . _:b665805194 . _:b665805195 . _:b665805192 . _:b665805193 . _:b666209002 . _:b665805190 . _:b666209562 . _:b665797525 . _:b665805191 . _:b665861408 . _:b665805188 . _:b666209775 . _:b665805189 . _:b666209003 . _:b666208797 _:b666208801 . _:b665805186 . _:b665805187 . _:b665805184 . _:b665805185 . _:b666208996 . _:b665805182 . _:b665805183 . _:b665861422 . _:b663515776 "(forall (x) (if (FiatObjectPart x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y) (and (Object y) (properContinuantPartOfAt x y t)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [027-004] " . _:b665805180 . _:b666208795 _:b666208792 . _:b665805181 . _:b666208997 . _:b665805178 . _:b665797530 . _:b665805179 . _:b665862708 "(forall (r) (if (TemporalRegion r) (occupiesTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [119-002] " . _:b665861423 . _:b665805176 . _:b665805177 . _:b666208998 . _:b666208794 _:b666208793 . _:b663913493 "ncithesaurus:Esophagus"^^ . _:b665805174 . _:b665805175 . _:b665805172 . _:b665805173 . _:b666208999 . _:b665805170 . _:b665805171 . _:b665805168 . _:b666208795 _:b666208794 . _:b666208791 _:b666208796 . _:b665805169 . _:b666208992 . _:b665805166 . _:b665797535 . _:b665805167 . _:b665861418 . _:b665805164 . _:b665805165 . _:b666208993 . _:b665805162 . _:b663520973 "DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1996.tb01658.x Mallatt J, Ventilation and the origin of jawed vertebrates: a new mouth. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (1996)"^^ . _:b665805163 . _:b665861419 . _:b665805160 . _:b666209155 _:b666209154 . _:b665805161 . _:b666208994 . _:b665805158 . _:b665805159 . _:b665805156 . _:b665805157 . _:b666208995 . _:b665805154 . _:b666209555 . _:b665798037 "ncithesaurus:Colon"^^ . _:b665797532 . _:b665805155 . _:b666239191 "mid-intestine"^^ . _:b665805152 . _:b665805153 . _:b666209020 . _:b665805150 . _:b666209556 . _:b666209153 _:b666209156 . _:b665805151 . _:b665805148 . _:b666209761 . _:b666209159 _:b666209158 . _:b665805149 . _:b666209021 . _:b665805146 . _:b665797506 . _:b665805147 . _:b666209557 . _:b665805144 . _:b665805145 . _:b666209022 . _:b665805142 . _:b665862304 "lower intestine"^^ . _:b665805143 . _:b666209158 _:b666209157 . _:b665805140 . _:b665805141 . _:b666209156 _:b666209155 . _:b666209023 . _:b665805138 . _:b666209559 . _:b665797504 . _:b665805139 . _:b663520407 . _:b665805136 . _:b665805137 . _:b666209016 . _:b663516650 . _:b665805134 . _:b665805135 . _:b665805132 . _:b665805133 . _:b666209017 . _:b665805130 . _:b666238361 "MA"^^ . _:b665797510 . _:b665805131 . _:b665805128 . _:b665805129 . _:b666209018 . _:b665805126 . _:b666209161 _:b666209160 . _:b665805127 . _:b665805124 . _:b665805125 . _:b666209019 . _:b665805122 . _:b665805123 . _:b666209162 _:b666209165 . _:b665805120 . _:b665805121 . _:b666209012 . _:b665805118 . _:b665798731 "Portion of alimentary canal with increased circular and longitudinal smooth muscle. Bounded posteriorly by the pyloric sphincter. Mucosal lining has increased folding.[AAO]"^^ . _:b665797515 . _:b665805119 . _:b665805116 . _:b665805117 . _:b666209164 _:b666209163 . _:b666209013 . _:b665805114 . _:b666209165 _:b666209164 . _:b665805115 . _:b665805112 . _:b666239048 . _:b665805113 . _:b666209014 . _:b665805110 . _:b665797513 . _:b665805111 . _:b665805108 . _:b666209167 _:b666209166 . _:b665862044 "A zero-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is without extent. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [102-001])"@en . _:b665805109 . _:b666209015 . _:b665805106 . _:b665805107 . _:b665805104 . _:b665805105 . _:b666209008 . _:b665805102 . _:b665797519 . _:b665805103 . _:b665805100 . _:b666238299 "GOC:GO"^^ . _:b665805101 . _:b666209009 . _:b665805098 . _:b665805099 . _:b665805096 . _:b666239044 . _:b665805097 . _:b666209168 _:b666209167 . _:b666209010 . _:b665805094 . _:b665805095 . _:b666209174 _:b666209173 . _:b665805092 . _:b666239045 . _:b665805093 . _:b666209011 . _:b665805090 . _:b666209173 _:b666209172 . _:b665805091 . _:b665805088 . _:b666239046 . _:b665805089 . _:b666208908 . _:b665805086 . _:b665797555 . _:b665797821 "a one-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a continuous fiat line whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [032-001])"@en . _:b665805087 . _:b665805084 . _:b666239047 . _:b665805085 . _:b666209767 "The first chamber in the alimentary canal of a ruminant stomach, composed of the rumen and reticulum."^^ . _:b666208909 . _:b665805082 . _:b665805083 . _:b666209170 _:b666209169 . _:b663516608 . _:b665805080 . _:b666209171 _:b666209174 . _:b665805081 . _:b666208910 . _:b665805078 . _:b665805079 . _:b663913199 "100.0"^^ . _:b666208911 . _:b665797552 . _:b663521193 "2024-07-21T09:51:28.329084"^^ . _:b665861381 . _:b666208904 . _:b665797559 . _:b663520899 . _:b666208905 . _:b666209180 _:b666209183 . _:b663913194 "100.0"^^ . _:b666208906 . _:b665861169 _:b665861173 . _:b666209183 _:b666209182 . _:b666209701 . _:b666208907 . _:b663520024 "(forall (x) (if (ObjectAggregate x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y z) (and (Object y) (Object z) (memberPartOfAt y x t) (memberPartOfAt z x t) (not (= y z)))))) (not (exists (w t_1) (and (memberPartOfAt w x t_1) (not (Object w)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [025-004] " . _:b666239166 . _:b666208900 . _:b666209182 _:b666209181 . _:b666239167 . _:b666208901 . _:b665797562 . _:b666209661 . _:b666208902 . _:b666209177 _:b666209176 . . _:b666208903 . _:b663515898 . _:b665806442 "distal intestine"^^ . _:b666209179 _:b666209178 . _:b666208896 . _:b666209176 _:b666209175 . _:b666209648 . _:b663913189 "100.0"^^ . _:b666208897 . _:b665798484 "For any independent continuant b and any time t there is some spatial region r such that b is located_in r at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [134-001])"@en . _:b666209649 . _:b665806568 . _:b665806569 . _:b666208898 . _:b665806566 . _:b666209650 . _:b665797565 . _:b665806567 . _:b666209198 _:b666209201 . _:b665806564 . _:b665806565 . _:b666208899 . _:b665806562 . _:b665806563 . _:b666209194 _:b666209193 . _:b665806560 . _:b666209195 _:b666209194 . _:b663913184 "100.0"^^ . _:b665806561 . _:b666209192 _:b666209191 . _:b666208924 . _:b665806558 . _:b666209652 . _:b665806559 . _:b665806556 . _:b665806557 . _:b666208925 . _:b665806554 . _:b666209197 _:b666209196 . _:b665806555 . _:b665806552 . _:b665806553 . _:b666208926 . _:b665806550 . _:b665797537 . _:b665806551 . _:b665806548 . _:b665806549 . _:b666208927 . _:b665806546 . _:b665806547 . _:b665806544 . _:b665806545 . _:b666208920 . _:b665806542 . _:b666209640 . _:b665806543 . _:b665806540 . _:b665806541 . _:b666208921 . _:b665806538 . _:b666209641 . _:b665797542 . _:b665806539 . _:b666209186 _:b666209185 . _:b665806536 . _:b665806537 . _:b666208922 . _:b665806534 . _:b665806535 . _:b665806532 . _:b665806533 . _:b666208923 . _:b665861159 _:b665861163 . _:b665806530 . _:b665797540 . _:b665806531 . _:b663516630 . _:b663515894 . _:b665806528 . _:b663914116 . _:b665805534 "VHOG:0000054"^^ . _:b665806529 . _:b666208916 . _:b665806111 "Every spatiotemporal region s is such that s occupies_spatiotemporal_region s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [107-002])"@en . _:b665806526 . _:b666209185 _:b666209184 . _:b665797547 . _:b665806527 . _:b665806524 . _:b666209191 _:b666209190 . _:b665806525 . _:b666208917 . _:b665806522 . _:b666209645 . _:b666209189 _:b666209192 . _:b665806523 . _:b665861407 . _:b665806520 . _:b666239144 . _:b663519965 "b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002])"@en . _:b665806521 . _:b666208918 . _:b665806518 . _:b665797545 . _:b665806519 . _:b665806516 . _:b665806517 . _:b666209188 _:b666209187 . _:b666208919 . _:b665806447 . _:b665806514 . _:b665806515 . _:b665806512 . _:b665806513 . _:b666208912 . _:b665806510 . _:b665806511 . _:b665806508 . _:b665861154 _:b665861158 . _:b665797997 . _:b665806509 . _:b666209714 . _:b666209212 _:b666209211 . _:b666208913 . _:b663912967 . _:b665806506 . _:b666209213 _:b666209212 . _:b663516476 "Spatial region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the union of a spatial point and a spatial line that doesn't overlap the point, or two spatial lines that intersect at a single point. In both cases the resultant spatial region is neither 0-dimensional, 1-dimensional, 2-dimensional, or 3-dimensional."@en . _:b665797550 . _:b665806507 . _:b665806504 . _:b666239140 . _:b665806505 . _:b666208914 . _:b665806502 . _:b666209634 . _:b663912966 . _:b665806503 . _:b665806500 . _:b666239141 . _:b666209215 _:b666209214 . _:b665806501 . _:b666208915 . _:b665806498 . _:b665806499 . _:b665806496 . _:b666239142 . _:b665806497 . _:b666208940 . _:b665806494 . _:b665806495 . _:b665806492 . _:b666239143 . _:b665806493 . _:b666209619 "blind intestine"^^ . _:b666208941 . _:b665806490 . _:b666208831 . _:b665806491 . _:b665806488 . _:b665806489 . _:b666208942 . _:b665806486 . _:b666209209 _:b666209208 . _:b665861164 _:b665861168 . _:b665806487 . _:b665806484 . _:b666239137 . _:b665806485 . _:b666208943 . _:b665806482 . _:b665806483 . _:b666209210 _:b666209209 . _:b665806480 . _:b666239138 . _:b665806481 . _:b666208936 . _:b663913431 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b665806478 . _:b665806479 . _:b663516645 . _:b665806476 . _:b665806477 . _:b666208937 . _:b663520293 "BTO:0000651"^^ . _:b665806474 . _:b665806475 . _:b665861603 . _:b665806472 . _:b666239132 . _:b665806473 . _:b666209200 _:b666209199 . _:b666208938 . _:b665806470 . _:b665806471 . _:b666209206 _:b666209205 . _:b665806468 . _:b666239133 . _:b666209207 _:b666209210 . _:b665806469 . _:b666209204 _:b666209203 . _:b666208939 . _:b665806466 . _:b666209627 . _:b665806467 . _:b665806464 . _:b666239134 . _:b665806465 . _:b666208932 . _:b665806462 . _:b665806463 . _:b665806460 . _:b665806461 . _:b666208933 . _:b665806458 . _:b665806459 . _:b665806456 . _:b666239128 . _:b666209203 _:b666209202 . _:b665806457 . _:b666209152 _:b666209151 . _:b666208934 . _:b665806454 . _:b665806455 . _:b663515743 "(forall (x) (if (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [039-001] " . _:b665806452 . _:b666239129 . _:b665806453 . _:b666208935 . _:b663515471 . _:b665806450 . _:b663520328 . _:b665806451 . _:b665806448 . _:b666239130 . _:b665806449 . _:b666208928 . _:b665806446 . _:b666209201 _:b666209200 . _:b665806447 . _:b665806444 . _:b666239131 . _:b666209673 . _:b666209239 _:b666209238 . _:b665806445 . _:b666208929 . _:b665806442 . _:b663520330 . _:b665806443 . _:b665806440 . _:b666239124 . _:b665806441 . _:b666208930 . _:b663515466 . _:b665806450 . _:b665806438 . _:b665806439 . _:b665806436 . _:b666239125 . _:b665806437 . _:b666209671 "BTO:0000365"^^ . _:b666209236 _:b666209235 . _:b666208931 . _:b665806434 . _:b666209237 _:b666209236 . _:b665806435 . _:b665806432 . _:b666239126 . _:b665806433 . _:b666209670 "BTO:0000365"^^ . _:b666208956 . _:b665806452 . _:b665806430 . _:b663520333 . _:b665806431 . _:b665806428 . _:b666239127 . _:b665806429 . _:b666208957 . _:b665806426 . _:b665806427 . _:b666209234 _:b666209237 . _:b665806424 . _:b666239120 . _:b665806425 . _:b666208958 . _:b665806422 . _:b665806423 . _:b665806420 . _:b665806421 . _:b666208959 . _:b665806455 . _:b665806418 . _:b666209623 . _:b665806419 . _:b665806416 . _:b666239122 . _:b665806417 . _:b666208952 . _:b665806414 . _:b666209233 _:b666209232 . _:b665806415 . _:b665806412 . _:b665806413 . _:b666208953 . _:b665806410 . _:b666209609 . _:b666209245 _:b666209244 . _:b665806411 . _:b665806408 . _:b666209682 . _:b665806409 . _:b666208954 . _:b665806406 . _:b665806407 . _:b665806404 . _:b666239117 . _:b666209247 _:b666209246 . _:b665806405 . _:b666208955 . _:b665806402 . _:b666209611 . _:b665806403 . _:b663519894 . _:b665806400 . _:b666239118 . _:b665806401 . _:b666208948 . _:b665806398 . _:b663520325 . _:b665806399 . _:b666209246 _:b666209245 . _:b665806396 . _:b666239119 . _:b665806397 . _:b666208949 . _:b665806394 . _:b665806395 . _:b665806392 . _:b666239112 . _:b665806393 . _:b666208950 . _:b665806390 . _:b665806391 . _:b665806388 . _:b666239113 . _:b665806389 . _:b666208951 . _:b665806386 . _:b665806387 . _:b666209242 _:b666209241 . _:b663516720 "WP:Stomach#In_other_animals"^^ . _:b665806384 . _:b665806385 . _:b666209243 _:b666209247 . _:b666209240 _:b666209239 . _:b666208944 . _:b665861395 "UMLS:C0021851"^^ . _:b665797837 "A bacterial infectious disease that results_in infection by bacteria as a result of their presence or activity within the normal, healthy host, and their intrinsic virulence is, in part, a necessary consequence of their need to reproduce and spread." . _:b665806382 . _:b665806383 . _:b665806380 . _:b666239115 . _:b665806381 . _:b666208945 . _:b665806378 . _:b665806379 . _:b666209218 _:b666209217 . _:b665806376 . _:b666239108 . _:b666209219 _:b666209218 . _:b665806377 . _:b666208946 . _:b665806374 . _:b666209602 . _:b665806375 . _:b665806372 . _:b663914116 . _:b666208947 . _:b665806373 . _:b665806370 . _:b663520091 . _:b665806371 . _:b666209719 . _:b665806368 . _:b665806369 . _:b666209216 _:b666209219 . _:b666208844 . _:b665806366 . _:b665806367 . _:b663519897 . _:b665806364 . _:b665806365 . _:b666208845 . _:b663520095 . _:b665806362 . _:b665806363 . _:b665806360 . _:b666239104 . . _:b666208846 . _:b665806361 . _:b665806358 . _:b665806359 . _:b666209222 _:b666209221 . _:b665806356 . _:b666239105 . _:b665806357 . _:b666208847 . _:b665806354 . _:b666209221 _:b666209220 . _:b665806355 . _:b665806352 . _:b666239106 . _:b665806353 . _:b666208840 . _:b665806350 . _:b665806351 . _:b665806348 . _:b666239107 . _:b665806349 . _:b666208841 . _:b665806346 . _:b666209721 . _:b665806347 . _:b665806344 . _:b665806345 . _:b666208842 . _:b665806342 . _:b666209225 _:b666209228 . _:b666208786 . _:b665806343 . _:b665806340 . _:b665806341 . _:b666208993 "alimentary system subdivision"^^ . _:b666208843 . _:b665806338 . _:b665806339 . _:b665806336 . _:b666209227 _:b666209226 . _:b665806337 . _:b666209224 _:b666209223 . _:b666208836 . _:b666209724 . _:b663520072 . _:b666208680 "requested by Melanie Courtot" . _:b666208837 . _:b666209228 _:b666209227 . _:b666239128 "FMA:14541"^^ . _:b666208838 . _:b665861501 . _:b666209231 _:b666209230 . _:b666208839 . _:b665797813 "Every entity which has a material entity as continuant part is a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [020-002])"@en . _:b666208777 . _:b665861500 . _:b666209727 . _:b666208832 . _:b665861499 . _:b666209712 . _:b663520068 . _:b666209230 _:b666209229 . _:b666208833 . _:b666209276 _:b666209275 . _:b665861498 . _:b666208834 . _:b666209379 "Specifically dependent continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. We're not sure what else will develop here, but for example there are questions such as what are promises, obligation, etc."@en . _:b665861497 . _:b666209279 _:b666209278 . _:b666209643 . _:b666208835 . _:b666208860 . _:b665861495 . _:b665805621 "A pouch in the digestive tract that connects the ileum with the ascending colon of the large intestine. It is separated from the ileum by the ileocecal valve, and is the beginning of the large intestine. It is also separated from the colon by the cecocolic junction."^^ . _:b666208861 . _:b665861494 . _:b666209717 . _:b663519880 . _:b666208692 "A disease by infectious agent that results_in infection, has_material_basis_in Bacteria." . _:b666208862 . _:b666209273 _:b666209276 . _:b666209718 . _:b666208863 . _:b666209275 _:b666209274 . _:b666209716 . _:b666208856 . _:b666208857 . _:b666208858 . _:b666209264 _:b666209263 . _:b666209706 . _:b663520086 . _:b666208859 . _:b665862776 "(iff (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ImmaterialEntity a) (exists (b) (and (or (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b)) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))) (not (exists (c t) (and (SpatialRegion c) (continuantPartOfAt c a t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [029-001] " . _:b666208852 . _:b666209708 . _:b663520087 . _:b666209653 . _:b666208853 . _:b666208854 . _:b666208855 . _:b666209711 . _:b666208848 . _:b666208849 . _:b666208850 . _:b666209262 _:b666209264 . _:b666209257 _:b666209261 . _:b663520089 . _:b666208851 . _:b663516889 . _:b666209259 _:b666209258 . _:b663520088 . _:b666209256 _:b666209255 . _:b666208876 . _:b663520820 . _:b666209260 _:b666209259 . _:b666208877 . _:b666209261 _:b666209260 . _:b666239200 . _:b666208878 . _:b666209663 . _:b666239201 . _:b666208879 . _:b666209703 . _:b663520998 "blind intestine"^^ . _:b666239202 . _:b666208872 . _:b666208880 . _:b663519909 . _:b666208873 . _:b665806089 "For every independent continuant b and time t during the region of time spanned by its life, there are entities which s-depends_on b during t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [018-002])"@en . _:b666209250 _:b666209249 . _:b666209251 _:b666209250 . _:b666239196 . _:b666208874 . _:b666239197 . _:b666208875 . _:b666239198 . _:b665806396 . _:b666208868 . _:b666209249 _:b666209248 . _:b665861404 . _:b666239199 . _:b665806397 . _:b666208869 . _:b665861405 . _:b666239192 . _:b666208870 . _:b666209254 _:b666209253 . _:b666208871 . _:b666209253 _:b666209252 . _:b663913526 "UBERON:0001155"^^ . _:b666209636 . _:b666208864 . _:b663519917 . _:b666239195 . _:b666208865 . _:b666209681 . _:b666209713 . _:b665861401 . _:b666239188 . _:b666208866 . _:b666209065 _:b666209064 . _:b665861402 . _:b666239189 . _:b666209639 . _:b666208867 . _:b666209066 _:b666209065 . _:b663520091 . _:b666239190 . _:b666209067 _:b666209066 . _:b665861403 . _:b666208892 . _:b666209064 _:b666209063 . _:b663519913 . _:b666239191 . _:b666208893 . _:b666208879 . _:b666209633 . _:b666208894 . _:b666208895 . _:b666209056 _:b666209055 . _:b663520095 . _:b666239186 . _:b666208888 . _:b666208864 . _:b666209672 . _:b666239187 . _:b666208889 . _:b666239180 . _:b666208890 . _:b666239181 . _:b666208891 . _:b666239182 . _:b666208884 . _:b666209057 _:b666209056 . _:b666209063 _:b666209062 . _:b666239183 . _:b666208885 . _:b666239176 . _:b666208886 . _:b665861192 "(forall (x) (if (Continuant x) (Entity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [008-002] " . _:b663516924 . _:b666239177 . _:b666208887 . _:b666208857 . _:b666209624 . _:b666239178 . _:b666238146 . _:b666208880 . _:b663516929 . _:b666239179 . _:b666208881 . _:b666209084 _:b666209083 . _:b665861373 . _:b666209085 _:b666209084 . _:b666238144 . _:b666239172 . _:b666208882 . _:b666238145 . _:b663520062 "A zero-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is without extent. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [102-001])"@en . _:b666208883 . _:b663516921 . _:b666208780 . _:b666209086 _:b666209085 . _:b666208781 . _:b666239168 . _:b666208782 . _:b666209081 _:b666209080 . _:b666239169 . _:b666208783 . _:b666209082 _:b666209081 . _:b666209651 . _:b666239170 . _:b666208776 . _:b666209080 _:b666209079 . _:b663516902 . _:b666239171 . _:b666208777 . _:b663520274 . _:b663519940 . _:b666239292 . _:b666208778 . _:b663520275 . _:b666209786 . _:b663519943 . _:b666208939 "VHOG:0000647"^^ . _:b666208779 . _:b666209076 _:b666209075 . _:b666209077 _:b666209076 . _:b666209078 _:b666209082 . _:b666208772 . _:b665806078 . _:b665806079 . _:b665806076 . _:b665798930 . _:b665806077 . _:b666208773 . _:b665806074 . _:b666208855 . _:b665806075 . _:b665806072 . _:b666209075 _:b666209074 . _:b665806073 . _:b666208774 . _:b665806070 . _:b666208854 . _:b665806071 . _:b665806068 . _:b665806069 . _:b666238199 . _:b666208775 . _:b665806066 . _:b665806067 . _:b665806064 . _:b666209576 . _:b665806065 . _:b666208768 . _:b665806062 . _:b666209776 . _:b665806063 . _:b666209073 _:b666209077 . _:b665806060 . _:b666239291 . _:b665806061 . _:b666208769 . _:b665806058 . _:b666209777 . _:b665806059 . _:b666209036 _:b666209039 . _:b665806056 . _:b665806057 . _:b666208770 . _:b665806054 . _:b666209778 . _:b665806055 . _:b665806052 . _:b665806053 . _:b666208771 . _:b665806050 . _:b666209027 _:b666209026 . _:b665806051 . _:b665806048 . _:b665806049 . _:b666208796 . _:b665806046 . _:b665806047 . _:b665806044 . _:b665806045 . _:b666208797 . _:b665806042 . _:b666209781 . _:b665806043 . _:b665806040 . _:b665806041 . _:b666208798 . _:b665806038 . _:b665806039 . _:b665806036 . _:b665806037 . _:b666209028 _:b666209027 . _:b666208799 . _:b665806034 . _:b666209783 . _:b665806035 . _:b663519946 . _:b665806032 . _:b665806033 . _:b666208792 . _:b665806030 . _:b666208832 . _:b665806031 . _:b666209564 . _:b665806028 . _:b665806029 . _:b666208793 . _:b665806026 . _:b665806027 . _:b665806024 . _:b666209566 . _:b665806025 . _:b666208794 . _:b665806022 . _:b665806023 . _:b665806020 . _:b665806021 . _:b666208795 . _:b665806018 . _:b665806019 . _:b665798884 . _:b665806016 . _:b666209588 . _:b666209586 . _:b663515823 "A history is a process that is the sum of the totality of processes taking place in the spatiotemporal region occupied by a material entity or site, including processes on the surface of the entity or within the cavities to which it serves as host. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [138-001])"@en . _:b665806017 . _:b666208788 . _:b665806014 . _:b665806015 . _:b665806012 . _:b666239279 . _:b665806013 . _:b666209038 _:b666209037 . _:b666208789 . _:b665806010 . _:b665806011 . _:b665806008 . _:b665806009 . _:b666208790 . _:b665806006 . _:b665806007 . _:b665806004 . _:b666209039 _:b666209038 . _:b663520239 "The terminal portion of the large intestine between the ileo-pelvic colon and the anus. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665806005 . _:b666208791 . _:b665798021 "FMA:14541"^^ . _:b665806002 . _:b665806003 . _:b666209563 . _:b665806000 . _:b666239274 . _:b666209025 _:b666209028 . _:b665806001 . _:b666208784 . _:b665805998 . _:b665805999 . _:b665805996 . _:b663515825 "A primary bacterial infectious disease caused by the bacteria of the genus Salmonella. It has sypmtoms diarrhea, fever, vomiting, and abdominal cramps 12 to 72 hours after infection. In most cases, the illness lasts four to seven days, and most people recover without treatment." . _:b665805997 . _:b666208785 . _:b665805994 . _:b665805995 . _:b665805992 . _:b665805993 . _:b666208786 . _:b665805990 . _:b665805991 . _:b666209048 _:b666209051 . _:b665805988 . _:b665805989 . _:b666209044 _:b666209043 . _:b666208787 . _:b665805986 . _:b665805987 . _:b665805984 . _:b665805985 . _:b666208812 . _:b665805982 . _:b666209764 . _:b665805983 . _:b665805980 . _:b665805981 . _:b666208813 . _:b665805978 . _:b665805979 . _:b663913574 "UMLS:C0022378"^^ . _:b665805976 . _:b665805977 . _:b666208814 . _:b665805974 . _:b665797826 "(iff (ProcessProfile a) (exists (b) (and (Process b) (processProfileOf a b)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [093-002] " . _:b665805975 . _:b665805972 . _:b666209599 . _:b665805973 . _:b666208815 . _:b665805970 . _:b666209043 _:b666209042 . _:b665805971 . _:b665805968 . _:b665805969 . _:b666208808 . _:b665805966 . _:b665805967 . _:b666208929 "MGI:monikat"^^ . _:b665805964 . _:b665805965 . _:b666208809 . _:b665805962 . _:b665805963 . _:b665805960 . _:b665805961 . _:b666209054 _:b666209057 . _:b666208810 . _:b665805958 . _:b665805959 . _:b665805956 . _:b665805957 . _:b666208811 . _:b665805954 . _:b665805955 . _:b665805952 . _:b666209041 _:b666209044 . _:b665805953 . _:b666208804 . _:b665805950 . _:b665805951 . _:b665805948 . _:b665805949 . _:b666208805 . _:b665805946 . _:b665805947 . _:b665805944 . _:b665805945 . _:b666209050 _:b666209049 . _:b666208806 . _:b665805942 . _:b665805943 . _:b665805940 . _:b665805941 . _:b666208807 . _:b665805938 . _:b665805939 . _:b665805936 . _:b666209051 _:b666209050 . _:b665805937 . _:b666208800 . _:b665805934 . _:b665805935 . _:b665805932 . _:b665805933 . _:b666209148 _:b666209147 . _:b666208801 . _:b665805930 . _:b666209745 . _:b665805931 . _:b665805928 . _:b666239252 . _:b665805929 . _:b666208802 . _:b663516517 "Specifically dependent continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. We're not sure what else will develop here, but for example there are questions such as what are promises, obligation, etc."@en . _:b665805926 . _:b665805927 . _:b665805924 . _:b666209151 _:b666209150 . _:b665797900 . _:b663521089 . _:b666208803 . _:b665861886 . _:b665805925 . _:b665805922 . _:b666209747 . _:b665805923 . _:b665805920 . _:b665805921 . _:b666208828 . _:b665805918 . _:b665805919 . _:b665805916 . _:b666209569 . _:b665805917 . _:b666208829 . _:b665805914 . _:b665805915 . _:b665805912 . _:b666209144 _:b666209146 . _:b665805913 . _:b666208830 . _:b665805910 . _:b666209750 . _:b665805911 . _:b665805908 . _:b665805909 . _:b666208831 . _:b665805906 . _:b666209751 . _:b665805907 . _:b666209146 _:b666209145 . _:b665805904 . _:b666239250 . _:b665805905 . _:b666208824 . _:b665805902 . _:b666209736 . _:b665805903 . _:b666209768 . _:b665805900 . _:b666239251 . _:b666209143 _:b666209142 . _:b665805901 . _:b666208825 . _:b665805898 . _:b666209737 . _:b665805899 . _:b666209769 . _:b663519764 . _:b665805896 . _:b665805897 . _:b666209136 _:b666209135 . _:b666208826 . _:b663520122 . _:b665805894 . _:b665805895 . _:b665805892 . _:b666238572 . _:b665805893 . _:b666208827 . _:b665805890 . _:b666209141 _:b666209140 . _:b665805891 . _:b665805888 . _:b665805889 . _:b666208820 . _:b665805886 . _:b665805887 . _:b665805884 . _:b665805885 . _:b666208821 . _:b665805882 . _:b665805883 . _:b666209138 _:b666209137 . _:b665805880 . _:b665805881 . _:b666208822 . _:b665805878 . _:b666209742 . _:b665805879 . _:b666209139 _:b666209141 . _:b665805876 . _:b665805877 . _:b666208823 . _:b665861553 . _:b665805874 . _:b665805875 . _:b665805872 . _:b666209756 . _:b663521102 . _:b666208816 . _:b665861552 . _:b665805873 . _:b665805870 . _:b665805871 . _:b666209728 . _:b665805868 . _:b665805869 . _:b666209129 _:b666209131 . _:b666208817 . _:b665861555 . _:b665805866 . _:b663913914 . _:b665805867 . _:b666238571 . _:b665805864 . _:b665805452 "A disease is a disposition (i) to undergo pathological processes that (ii) exists in an organism because of one or more disorders in that organism." . _:b665805865 . _:b666208818 . _:b665861554 . _:b665805862 . _:b666209134 _:b666209136 . _:b665805863 . _:b665805860 . _:b663516663 . _:b665805861 . _:b666208819 . _:b665861557 . _:b665805858 . _:b665805859 . _:b663519774 . _:b663520175 . _:b665805856 . _:b666209131 _:b666209130 . _:b665805857 . _:b666209740 . _:b666209128 _:b666209127 . _:b665861556 . _:b665805854 . _:b665805855 . _:b666209732 . _:b663913260 "(iff (Process a) (and (Occurrent a) (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)) (exists (c t) (and (MaterialEntity c) (specificallyDependsOnAt a c t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [083-003] " . _:b663519769 . _:b665805852 . _:b666209753 . _:b665805853 . _:b666209741 . _:b665861559 . _:b665805850 . _:b666209133 _:b666209132 . _:b665805851 . _:b666209733 . _:b665805848 . _:b665805849 . _:b666209742 . _:b665861558 . _:b665860717 "DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1996.tb01658.x Mallatt J, Ventilation and the origin of jawed vertebrates: a new mouth. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (1996)"^^ . _:b665805846 . _:b665805847 . _:b666238423 . _:b665805844 . _:b665805845 . _:b666209743 . _:b665805842 . _:b665805843 . _:b666209735 . _:b665805840 . _:b665805841 . _:b666209736 . _:b665805838 . _:b665805839 . _:b665805836 . _:b665805837 . _:b666209737 . _:b665805834 . _:b665805835 . _:b665805832 . _:b666209123 _:b666209122 . _:b665805833 . _:b666209738 . _:b665805830 . _:b666209426 . _:b665805831 . _:b665805828 . _:b665805829 . _:b666209739 . _:b665805826 . _:b665805827 . _:b665805824 . _:b665805825 . _:b666209732 . _:b665806334 . _:b666209121 _:b666209120 . _:b665806335 . _:b665806332 . _:b665806333 . _:b666209733 . _:b665806330 . _:b665806331 . _:b665806328 . _:b665806329 . _:b666209734 . _:b665806326 . _:b665806327 . _:b666209126 _:b666209125 . _:b665806324 . _:b666209124 _:b666209126 . _:b665806325 . _:b666209735 . _:b665806322 . _:b665806323 . _:b665806320 . _:b665806321 . _:b666209728 . _:b665806318 . _:b666238347 "It appears that the stomach has an ancient origin. The stomach first appears in the fish lineage. The prevertebrate chordates do not have a true stomach, whereas the cartilaginous and bony fish do. Although most fish do have a true stomach, some fish species appear to have lost the stomach secondarily. The remaining vertebrate lineages do have a true stomach (at least in the adult animal), although there is great variation in the size and shape of the stomach.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665806319 . _:b665806316 . _:b666209111 _:b666209110 . _:b666208921 . _:b665806317 . _:b666209729 . _:b665806314 . _:b665806315 . _:b665806312 . _:b666208922 . _:b665860618 . _:b665806313 . _:b666209730 . _:b666209104 _:b666209103 . _:b665806310 . _:b665806311 . _:b663519759 . _:b665806308 . _:b665806309 . _:b666209731 . _:b665806306 . _:b666209109 _:b666209108 . _:b665806307 . _:b665806304 . _:b665806305 . _:b666209756 . _:b663913222 "Occurrent doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the sum of a process and the process boundary of another process."@en . _:b665806360 "MP:0000492"^^ . _:b665806302 . _:b665806303 . _:b665798879 . _:b665806300 . _:b666209517 . _:b665806301 . _:b666209757 . _:b665806298 . _:b665806299 . _:b666209119 _:b666209121 . _:b666209106 _:b666209105 . _:b663520047 "Continuant fiat boundary doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary and a one dimensional continuant fiat boundary that doesn't overlap it. The situation is analogous to temporal and spatial regions."@en . _:b666209107 _:b666209106 . _:b665806296 . _:b665806297 . _:b666209758 . _:b665806294 . _:b665806295 . _:b665806292 . _:b665860513 "b is an object aggregate means: b is a material entity consisting exactly of a plurality of objects as member_parts at all times at which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [025-004])"@en . _:b665806293 . _:b666209759 . _:b665806290 . _:b665806291 . _:b663519754 . _:b665806288 . _:b665806289 . _:b666209752 . _:b665806286 . _:b665806287 . _:b665806284 . _:b665806285 . _:b666209753 . _:b666209116 _:b666209115 . _:b665806282 . _:b665806283 . _:b666238432 . _:b665806280 . _:b666209522 . _:b665806281 . _:b666209754 . _:b665806278 . _:b665806279 . _:b665806276 . _:b665806277 . _:b666209755 . _:b665806274 . _:b665860529 "(forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [103-001] " . _:b665806275 . _:b663519798 . _:b665806272 . _:b665806273 . _:b666209748 . _:b665806270 . _:b665806271 . _:b666209118 _:b666209117 . _:b665806268 . _:b665806269 . _:b666209749 . _:b665863086 . _:b665806266 . _:b665806267 . _:b665806264 . _:b665806265 . _:b666209750 . _:b666209088 _:b666209087 . _:b665806262 . _:b666209113 _:b666209112 . _:b665806263 . _:b665806260 . _:b665806261 . _:b666209751 . _:b665806258 . _:b665806259 . _:b665806256 . _:b666209115 _:b666209114 . _:b665806257 . _:b666209744 . _:b666209112 _:b666209111 . _:b665806254 . _:b665806255 . _:b665806252 . _:b665806253 . _:b666209745 . _:b665806250 . _:b665806251 . _:b665806248 . _:b666209091 _:b666209090 . _:b665806249 . _:b666209746 . _:b665806246 . _:b665806247 . _:b663519807 . _:b665806244 . _:b666209531 . _:b665806245 . _:b666209747 . _:b663913242 "All parts of temporal regions are temporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [101-001])"@en . _:b665806242 . _:b665806243 . _:b666238442 . _:b665806240 . _:b665806241 . _:b666209772 . _:b665806238 . _:b666209089 _:b666209088 . _:b665806239 . _:b665806236 . _:b666209095 _:b666209094 . _:b665806237 . _:b666209773 . _:b665806234 . _:b665806235 . _:b665806232 . _:b665806233 . _:b666209774 . _:b665806230 . _:b665806231 . _:b666238834 "(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (hasContinuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [126-001] " . _:b666209094 _:b666209093 . _:b665806228 . _:b665806229 . _:b666209775 . _:b665806226 . _:b666209093 _:b666209092 . _:b665806227 . _:b665806224 . _:b665806225 . _:b666209768 . _:b665862138 . _:b665806222 . _:b665806223 . _:b665806220 . _:b665806221 . _:b666209769 . _:b665806218 . _:b665806219 . _:b665806216 . _:b665806217 . _:b666209770 . _:b665806214 . _:b666209097 _:b666209096 . _:b665806215 . _:b666238451 . _:b665806212 . _:b665806213 . _:b666209771 . _:b665806210 . _:b665806211 . _:b666209098 _:b666209097 . _:b665806208 . _:b663914112 . _:b666209764 . _:b665806209 . _:b665806206 . _:b665806207 . _:b665806204 . _:b665806205 . _:b666209765 . _:b666209100 _:b666209099 . _:b665806202 . _:b666238945 "url:https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/general/index.html" . _:b665806203 . _:b665806200 . _:b665806361 "The terminal portion of the large intestine between the ileo-pelvic colon and the anus. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b666209766 . _:b665806201 . _:b663521084 . _:b665806198 . _:b665806199 . _:b663519779 . _:b665806196 . _:b666209103 _:b666209102 . _:b665806197 . _:b666209767 . _:b665806194 . _:b666209149 _:b666209152 . _:b665806195 . _:b665861318 . _:b665806192 . _:b665798550 "A function is a disposition that exists in virtue of the bearer\u2019s physical make-up and this physical make-up is something the bearer possesses because it came into being, either through evolution (in the case of natural biological entities) or through intentional design (in the case of artifacts), in order to realize processes of a certain sort. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [064-001])"@en . _:b665806193 . _:b666209760 . _:b665806409 . _:b665806190 . _:b663516749 . _:b665806191 . _:b666209102 _:b666209101 . _:b663519789 . _:b665806188 . _:b665806189 . _:b666209761 . _:b665806186 . _:b665806187 . _:b665806184 . _:b665862366 . _:b665806185 . _:b666209762 . _:b665806411 . _:b665806182 . _:b665806183 . _:b665806180 . _:b666239317 . _:b665806181 . _:b666209763 . _:b665806410 . _:b665806178 . _:b665806179 . _:b665806176 . _:b666239318 . _:b666238886 . _:b665806177 . _:b666209788 . _:b665806413 . _:b665806174 . _:b665806175 . _:b663519785 . _:b665806172 . _:b665806173 . _:b666209789 . _:b665806412 . _:b665806170 . _:b665806171 . _:b665806168 . _:b665806169 . _:b666209790 . _:b666209568 _:b666209567 . _:b665806415 . _:b665806166 . _:b663516747 . _:b665806167 . _:b666238882 . _:b665806164 . _:b663516791 . _:b665806165 . _:b666209791 . _:b665806414 . _:b665806162 . _:b666238883 . _:b665806163 . _:b665806160 . _:b663516790 . _:b665806161 . _:b666209784 . _:b665806158 . _:b665860525 "Every process boundary occupies_temporal_region a zero-dimensional temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [085-002])"@en . _:b665806159 . _:b665806156 . _:b665806157 . _:b666209785 . _:b665863114 . _:b663914172 . _:b665806154 . _:b666238887 . _:b665806155 . _:b666238881 . _:b665806152 . _:b666239179 "In fish, the divisions of the small intestine are not as clear, and the terms anterior intestine or proximal intestine may be used instead of duodenum."^^ . _:b665806153 . _:b666209786 . _:b665806150 . _:b666238880 . _:b665806151 . _:b666209590 _:b666209591 . _:b665806148 . _:b666238894 . _:b665806149 . _:b666209787 . _:b665806146 . _:b666238889 . _:b665806147 . _:b665806144 . _:b665806145 . _:b666209780 . _:b665806142 . _:b665806143 . _:b663516786 . _:b663519825 . _:b665806140 . _:b665806141 . _:b666209781 . _:b665806138 . _:b665806139 . _:b666238892 . _:b665806136 . _:b666238893 . _:b666209630 "TAO:0000706"^^ . _:b665806137 . _:b666209782 . _:b665863117 . _:b665806134 . _:b665806135 . _:b666209365 "If b is a realizable entity then for all t at which b exists, b s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [063-002])"@en . _:b665806132 . _:b665806133 . _:b666209783 . _:b665806130 . _:b665806131 . _:b666238890 . _:b665806128 . _:b665806129 . _:b666209776 . _:b665806126 . _:b665806127 . _:b665806124 . _:b665806125 . _:b666209777 . _:b665806122 . _:b665806123 . _:b665806120 . _:b666238888 . _:b665806121 . _:b666209778 . _:b665806118 . _:b665806119 . _:b666238347 . _:b665806116 . _:b665806117 . _:b666209779 . _:b665806114 . _:b663516776 . _:b665806211 . _:b665806115 . _:b665806112 . _:b665806113 . _:b666209676 . _:b665806110 . _:b665806111 . _:b665806108 . _:b665806109 . _:b666238850 . _:b666209677 . _:b665806106 . _:b665806107 . _:b665806104 . _:b665806105 . _:b666209678 . _:b665806102 . _:b665806103 . _:b665806100 . _:b665862286 "BTO:0000365"^^ . _:b665806101 . _:b666209679 . _:b665806098 . _:b665806099 . _:b663519834 . _:b665806096 . _:b665862285 "BTO:0000365"^^ . _:b665806097 . _:b666209672 . _:b665806094 . _:b665806095 . _:b665806092 . _:b665806093 . _:b666238862 . _:b666209673 . _:b665806090 . _:b665806091 . _:b665806088 . _:b665806089 . _:b666238863 . _:b666209674 . _:b665806086 . _:b666238855 . _:b665806087 . _:b663516774 . _:b665806084 . _:b666238909 . _:b665806085 . _:b666209675 . _:b665806082 . _:b665806083 . _:b663914068 "(iff (TwoDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [033-001] " . _:b665806080 . _:b665805327 "if b is a continuant and if, for some t, c has_continuant_part b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [126-001])"@en . _:b665806081 . _:b666209668 . _:b666209814 "2024-10-10T19:03:51.270173"^^ . _:b666238911 . _:b666209669 . _:b666238851 . _:b666238910 . _:b666209670 . _:b666209671 . _:b666238848 . _:b666238853 . _:b663516783 . _:b666238849 . _:b666209664 . _:b666238852 . _:b666209665 . _:b666238360 . _:b665862398 . _:b666209666 . _:b666238854 . _:b666209667 . _:b666238904 . _:b663516777 . _:b666209692 . _:b666238905 . _:b666238907 . _:b666209693 . _:b666209541 _:b666209538 . _:b663519816 . _:b666238372 . _:b666238906 . _:b666209694 . _:b666209540 _:b666209539 . _:b666209542 _:b666209541 . _:b666209695 . _:b666209541 _:b666209540 . _:b666209548 _:b666209552 . _:b666209688 . _:b663519861 . _:b666209547 _:b666209544 . _:b666209689 . _:b666209546 _:b666209545 . _:b666238908 . _:b666209690 . _:b666238857 . _:b666209691 . _:b666209543 _:b666209547 . _:b666238900 . _:b666209547 _:b666209546 . _:b666238897 . _:b666209684 . _:b666238896 . _:b666238898 . _:b666209685 . _:b666238858 . _:b666238856 . _:b666209686 . _:b666238859 . _:b666209551 _:b666209550 . _:b666238901 . _:b666209687 . _:b666238903 . _:b666238860 . _:b666238899 . _:b666209680 . _:b666209537 _:b666209542 . _:b666238902 . _:b666209681 . _:b663914215 . _:b666209682 . _:b666209552 _:b666209551 . _:b666238861 . _:b663914442 . _:b666209552 _:b666209549 . _:b666238866 . _:b666209683 . _:b663519870 . _:b666238867 . _:b666209708 . _:b666209709 . _:b666238865 . _:b665806350 "MA"^^ . _:b665860649 "UMLS:C0021851"^^ . _:b666209710 . _:b663520222 . _:b666238864 . _:b666238868 . _:b665862379 . _:b666238891 . _:b666209711 . _:b666238870 . _:b666238869 . _:b666238895 . _:b666238871 . _:b666209704 . _:b666209705 . _:b663516732 "VHOG:0000450"^^ . _:b663520195 . _:b666209706 . _:b666209567 _:b666209566 . _:b666209565 _:b666209568 . _:b663520192 . _:b666209707 . _:b665863160 . _:b666238878 . _:b666209700 . _:b666238879 . _:b666238397 . _:b666209701 . _:b666238876 . _:b666209560 _:b666209559 . _:b666238873 . _:b665806196 . _:b666209702 . _:b666209561 _:b666209560 . _:b666238877 . _:b666238872 . _:b663519843 . _:b666238884 . _:b665863151 . _:b666209703 . _:b666238885 . _:b666209558 _:b666209561 . _:b666209696 . _:b666209697 . _:b666238874 . _:b663519852 . _:b665862698 "(iff (IndependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (not (exists (b t) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [017-002] " . _:b666238875 . _:b666209698 . _:b666238937 . _:b666209699 . _:b665798764 "WP"^^ . _:b666238936 . _:b666209724 . _:b666238939 . _:b665861245 "(forall (x) (if (Quality x) (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [055-001] " . _:b666209725 . _:b666209726 . _:b666209727 . _:b666209720 . _:b666209721 . _:b666238940 . _:b665798559 "Every entity which has a material entity as continuant part is a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [020-002])"@en . _:b663519854 . _:b663519846 . _:b666209722 . _:b665862955 "DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1996.tb01658.x Mallatt J, Ventilation and the origin of jawed vertebrates: a new mouth. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (1996)"^^ . _:b666209723 . _:b663519856 . _:b666209716 . _:b663519862 . _:b666238938 . _:b666209068 . _:b666209717 . _:b666238928 . _:b663519842 . _:b666209718 . _:b666238929 . _:b666209719 . _:b663519848 . _:b663519850 . _:b666209712 . _:b663520089 . _:b663519855 . _:b666209713 . _:b666209714 . _:b663519845 . _:b666238926 . _:b663516766 "Last portion of the large intestine before it becomes the rectum."^^ . _:b666238923 . _:b666209715 . _:b663519865 . _:b666209612 . _:b663519851 . _:b666238921 . _:b663519841 . _:b666209646 _:b666209645 . _:b666209613 . _:b663519871 . _:b666238920 . _:b666209614 . _:b666209635 _:b666209638 . _:b666209647 _:b666209646 . _:b666209615 . _:b665860523 "(forall (x) (if (Function x) (Disposition x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [064-001] " . _:b666238927 . _:b666209608 . _:b663519868 . _:b665861938 "(forall (x) (if (Continuant x) (Entity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [008-002] " . _:b666209609 . _:b665860916 . _:b666238922 . _:b666209644 _:b666209647 . _:b666238924 . _:b666238925 . _:b666209610 . _:b666209440 . _:b666238291 . _:b666209611 . _:b663519860 . _:b666209604 . _:b666209446 . _:b666209468 . _:b666238301 . _:b663519847 . _:b666209605 . _:b663519866 . _:b666209469 . _:b666209637 _:b666209636 . _:b666209606 . _:b666238919 . _:b666209638 _:b666209637 . _:b666208873 "blind intestine"^^ . _:b666209607 . _:b663519844 . _:b666209600 . _:b666209450 . _:b666209649 _:b666209650 . _:b663519863 . _:b666209601 . _:b666209602 . _:b665860899 . _:b666238915 . _:b663519869 . _:b666209603 . _:b666238916 . _:b666238914 . _:b666209628 . _:b666209605 "MP:0000492"^^ . _:b663516714 . _:b666209629 . _:b665861308 . _:b666209630 . _:b663519857 . _:b663519859 . _:b666238917 . _:b666209631 . _:b663519853 . _:b666238912 . _:b663519864 . _:b666209624 . _:b666238913 . _:b663519815 . _:b666209625 . _:b663519826 . _:b663914272 "UBERON:0001155"^^ . _:b663519821 . _:b666238918 . _:b666209626 . _:b663519823 . _:b663516793 . _:b666209453 . _:b666209627 . _:b666209620 . _:b666209621 . _:b663519810 . _:b666209622 . _:b663519829 . _:b663516797 . _:b663519818 . _:b666209623 . _:b666209616 . _:b663519835 . _:b663519812 . _:b666209617 . _:b666209618 . _:b665862140 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665860751 "Last portion of the large intestine before it becomes the rectum."^^ . _:b666209619 . _:b666238943 . _:b666238935 . _:b666238931 . _:b663519814 . _:b666238930 . _:b666209644 . _:b666238934 . _:b663519819 . _:b666209645 . _:b663519838 . _:b663914377 . _:b663519809 . _:b666209646 . _:b665862207 . _:b665861240 "(forall (x) (if (RealizableEntity x) (and (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (inheresIn x y)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [058-002] " . _:b666209647 . _:b665798558 "A material entity is an independent continuant that has some portion of matter as proper or improper continuant part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [019-002])"@en . _:b665862200 . _:b666209640 . _:b663519808 . _:b666238933 . _:b663519836 . _:b666209641 . _:b665861915 _:b665861919 . _:b666238932 . _:b666209642 . _:b666209643 . _:b665862196 . _:b663519811 . _:b663519828 . _:b666209636 . _:b663519839 . _:b665862197 . _:b665862224 . _:b666209637 . _:b665862198 . _:b663519832 . _:b666209638 . _:b665862199 . _:b665862226 . _:b663516452 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b666238941 . _:b666209639 . _:b665862192 . _:b663519824 . _:b666209632 . _:b665862193 . _:b663914084 "A primary bacterial infectious disease that results_in infection located_in intestine, has_material_basis_in Campylobacter jejuni, which is transmitted_by ingestion of contaminated food or water or transmitted_by contact with infected people or animals. The infection has_symptom diarrhea or has_symptom dysentery, has_symptom abdominal cramps and pain, and has_symptom fever." . _:b666209633 . _:b665862194 . _:b663519817 . _:b666238942 . _:b666209634 . _:b665862195 . _:b665861905 _:b665861909 . _:b663519830 . _:b666209635 . _:b663519837 . _:b666209660 . _:b663519820 . _:b666209661 . _:b665861910 _:b665861914 . _:b666209662 . _:b666209677 "UMLS:C0022378"^^ . _:b663519833 . _:b666209663 . _:b663519827 . _:b666209656 . _:b663519793 . _:b666209314 . _:b666209657 . _:b663516463 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b666209658 . _:b663519781 . _:b666209659 . _:b665797478 . _:b663519791 . _:b666209652 . _:b666209653 . _:b663519778 . _:b666209654 . _:b665861900 _:b665861904 . _:b663519787 . _:b663914051 "Every entity which has a material entity as continuant part is a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [020-002])"@en . _:b663519799 . _:b666209655 . _:b663519776 . _:b666209648 . _:b665797483 . _:b666209649 . _:b666209650 . _:b663515998 "The terminal portion of the large intestine between the ileo-pelvic colon and the anus. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663519783 . _:b666209651 . _:b663519788 . _:b663519802 . _:b666209548 . _:b663520220 . _:b665860813 "posterior intestine"^^ . _:b666209691 _:b666209694 . _:b666209549 . _:b666209550 . _:b665862765 "(iff (ProcessBoundary a) (exists (p) (and (Process p) (temporalPartOf a p) (not (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [084-001] " . _:b663516476 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b665806080 "Occurrent doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the sum of a process and the process boundary of another process."@en . _:b666209551 . _:b665861312 "A disease is a disposition (i) to undergo pathological processes that (ii) exists in an organism because of one or more disorders in that organism." . _:b663519784 . _:b666209544 . _:b666209528 . _:b663519805 . _:b665862263 . _:b666209545 . _:b666209529 . _:b663516057 . _:b663516569 "A history is a process that is the sum of the totality of processes taking place in the spatiotemporal region occupied by a material entity or site, including processes on the surface of the entity or within the cavities to which it serves as host. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [138-001])"@en . _:b666209546 . _:b666209530 . _:b663519797 . _:b666209547 . _:b665862260 . _:b666209693 _:b666209692 . _:b666209540 . _:b665805543 "Portion of the alimentary canal bounded anteriorly by the pyloric sphincter and posteriorly by the cloacal sphincter.[AAO]"^^ . _:b666209694 _:b666209693 . _:b665806244 . _:b663519800 . _:b666209541 . _:b663519780 . _:b666209280 _:b666209279 . _:b666209542 . _:b666209543 . _:b663519792 . _:b666209536 . _:b663519803 . _:b666209520 . _:b666209537 . _:b665862253 . _:b666209521 . _:b663519796 . _:b666209704 _:b666209703 . _:b663519806 . _:b666209538 . _:b666209705 _:b666209704 . _:b666209726 _:b666209731 . _:b665862268 . _:b666209539 . _:b665862267 . _:b666209564 . _:b666209702 _:b666209705 . _:b665798508 "(forall (r) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [107-002] " . _:b666209565 . _:b666209566 . _:b663519801 . _:b666209581 "VHOG:0000408"^^ . _:b666209567 . _:b663519794 . _:b663520915 "UMLS:C0021853"^^ . _:b663914023 "(iff (SpecificallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (forall (t) (if (existsAt a t) (exists (b) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (not (SpatialRegion b)) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [050-003] " . _:b663519790 . _:b666209709 _:b666209708 . _:b666209560 . _:b666209696 _:b666209699 . _:b666209710 _:b666209709 . _:b666209561 . _:b666209699 _:b666209698 . _:b666209562 . _:b663519750 . _:b666209563 . _:b665862148 . _:b666209515 . _:b666209556 . _:b666209698 _:b666209697 . _:b665862149 . _:b666209516 . _:b666209557 . _:b665862150 . _:b663519746 . _:b666209558 . _:b665862151 . _:b666209518 . _:b666209559 . _:b666209519 . _:b663519747 . _:b663519755 . _:b666209552 . _:b666209707 _:b666209710 . _:b666209553 . _:b663519758 . _:b666209554 . _:b663914026 "b is a fiat object part = Def. b is a material entity which is such that for all times t, if b exists at t then there is some object c such that b proper continuant_part of c at t and c is demarcated from the remainder of c by a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [027-004])"@en . _:b665862147 . _:b663519749 . _:b663516726 . _:b666209555 . _:b663516729 . _:b665862254 . _:b663519756 . _:b666209580 . _:b665862269 . _:b666209581 . _:b665862270 . _:b666209582 . _:b666209722 _:b666209721 . _:b665862271 . _:b663519745 . _:b665862251 . _:b663519753 . _:b665797554 . _:b666209583 . _:b663516735 . _:b666209723 _:b666209722 . _:b666209576 . _:b663515715 "(forall (x) (if (Continuant x) (Entity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [008-002] " . _:b663519775 . _:b666209577 . _:b663519766 . _:b666209578 . _:b666209500 . _:b663519744 . _:b666209720 _:b666209723 . _:b665797558 . _:b666209579 . _:b665862766 "A one-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is extended. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [103-001])"@en . _:b666209572 . _:b663519763 . _:b666209573 . _:b663520237 . _:b666238423 "VHOG:0000055"^^ . _:b663519751 . _:b663519770 . _:b663520366 . _:b663516737 . _:b666209574 . _:b663519748 . _:b663520361 . _:b663516736 . _:b663519761 . _:b666209575 . _:b663516517 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b666209568 . _:b663516742 . _:b666209569 . _:b666209570 . _:b666209744 _:b666209743 . _:b663519765 . _:b666209748 _:b666209747 . _:b666209752 _:b666209755 . _:b663519773 . _:b663516740 . _:b666209571 . _:b666209749 _:b666209748 . _:b665862138 . _:b665797567 . _:b666209596 . _:b665862139 . _:b663519771 . _:b666209597 . _:b663519760 . _:b665862140 . _:b666209598 . _:b665862141 . _:b666209599 . _:b663520231 . _:b663519768 . _:b666209735 _:b666209736 . _:b665862142 . _:b665797539 . _:b666209592 . _:b666209480 . . . _:b666209746 _:b666209749 . _:b666209593 . . _:b666209481 . _:b666209487 . _:b666209594 . _:b666209759 _:b666209758 . _:b666209482 . _:b665797762 "(forall (r) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [107-002] " . _:b666209757 _:b666209760 . _:b666209595 . _:b665862244 . _:b663913664 "The first chamber in the alimentary canal of a ruminant stomach, composed of the rumen and reticulum."^^ . _:b666209588 . _:b665862245 . _:b663914041 "(iff (GenericallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (exists (b t) (genericallyDependsOnAt a b t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [074-001] " . _:b666209589 . _:b665797544 . _:b665862246 . _:b666209730 _:b666209727 . _:b665862146 . _:b666209590 . _:b666209754 _:b666209753 . _:b665862247 . _:b666209591 . _:b665862240 . _:b666209443 . _:b666208913 "intestinum tenue"^^ . _:b666209755 _:b666209754 . _:b666209478 . _:b666209584 . _:b665862241 . _:b666208914 "intestinum tenue"^^ . _:b666209729 _:b666209728 . _:b666209585 . _:b666238830 . _:b666209730 _:b666209729 . _:b666209731 _:b666209730 . _:b665797549 . _:b666209586 . _:b665862243 . _:b666238847 . _:b666209587 . _:b665862236 . _:b666209484 . _:b665862237 . _:b663516762 . _:b666238845 . _:b666209485 . _:b666238839 . _:b666238834 . _:b663516761 . _:b666209486 . _:b666209741 _:b666209744 . _:b666209487 . _:b665862232 . _:b666209479 . _:b666209480 . _:b665862233 . _:b666209058 . _:b665797524 . _:b666209481 . _:b665862234 . _:b663516765 . _:b666209482 . _:b665862235 . _:b666209667 . _:b666238840 . _:b666209483 . _:b665862228 . _:b666209668 . _:b666209476 . _:b665862229 . _:b666238842 . _:b666209477 . _:b665862230 . _:b665797529 . _:b666209478 . _:b665862231 . _:b666209743 _:b666209742 . _:b666209479 . _:b666238841 . _:b666209472 . _:b665862225 . _:b666209473 . _:b666238843 . _:b666209474 . _:b665862227 . _:b666238844 . _:b665797534 . _:b666209475 . _:b665862220 . _:b663516481 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b666209789 _:b666209788 . _:b666209500 . _:b665862221 . _:b666209790 _:b666209789 . _:b666209501 . _:b666238846 . _:b665862222 . _:b663520395 . _:b666209784 _:b666209783 . _:b666209502 . _:b663913480 "ncithesaurus:Stomach"^^ . _:b666209785 _:b666209784 . _:b665862223 . _:b666209503 . _:b665862216 . _:b666209496 . _:b666209782 _:b666209785 . _:b666209497 . _:b665862218 . _:b665862801 . _:b666209498 . _:b666238836 . _:b666209499 . _:b666238838 . _:b666209492 . _:b666209787 _:b666209790 . _:b666209493 . _:b666238837 . _:b663520250 "NCBITaxon:8782"^^ . _:b666209494 . _:b665862215 . _:b663520251 "NCBITaxon:8782"^^ . _:b666238832 . _:b666209495 . _:b665862208 . _:b666238833 . _:b666209488 . _:b665862209 . _:b666209489 . _:b666238835 . _:b665862210 . _:b666209490 . _:b665862211 . _:b665862191 . _:b663520036 "(forall (x) (if (ProcessBoundary x) (exists (y) (and (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion y) (occupiesTemporalRegion x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [085-002] " . _:b666238829 . _:b666209491 . _:b666209516 . _:b666209517 . _:b666238831 . _:b666209518 . _:b666209760 _:b666209759 . _:b666209763 _:b666209766 . _:b666238828 . _:b666209519 . _:b666238826 . _:b666209773 _:b666209772 . _:b666209512 . _:b666209774 _:b666209773 . _:b666238827 . _:b666209513 . _:b666209049 . _:b663914428 . _:b666209514 . _:b665797621 . _:b666209515 . _:b666209508 . _:b666209509 . _:b666209765 _:b666209764 . _:b666209510 . _:b666209766 _:b666209765 . _:b666209511 . _:b666209362 "p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003])"@en . _:b666209504 . _:b666209040 . _:b666209771 _:b666209774 . _:b666209505 . _:b666208919 . _:b665798090 "VHOG:0000647"^^ . _:b666209022 . _:b666209506 . _:b665797630 . _:b666238112 . _:b666238105 . _:b666209507 . _:b666209532 . _:b666238113 . _:b666238115 . _:b666209533 . _:b666238107 . _:b665862228 "WP"^^ . _:b666238114 . _:b665797804 "A function is a disposition that exists in virtue of the bearer\u2019s physical make-up and this physical make-up is something the bearer possesses because it came into being, either through evolution (in the case of natural biological entities) or through intentional design (in the case of artifacts), in order to realize processes of a certain sort. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [064-001])"@en . _:b666209534 . _:b666209046 . _:b666238106 . _:b666209535 . _:b666209047 . _:b666238119 . _:b665798955 . _:b665797603 . _:b666238108 . _:b666209528 . _:b666209032 . _:b666238118 . _:b665860724 "MA"^^ . _:b665798952 . _:b666239091 "An expanded region of the vertebrate alimentary tract that serves as a food storage compartment and digestive organ. A stomach is lined, in whole or in part by a glandular epithelium."^^ . _:b666209529 . _:b666209530 . _:b666209531 . _:b666238104 . _:b666238100 . _:b666209035 . _:b663519908 . _:b666209524 . _:b666238122 . _:b663913703 "To say that spatiotemporal region s spatially_projects_onto spatial region r at t is to say that r is the spatial extent of s at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [081-003])"@en . _:b666209525 . _:b666238120 . _:b666238102 . _:b666209037 . _:b666238123 . _:b666238103 . _:b666238121 . _:b666209526 . _:b665861227 "(forall (x t) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (SpatialRegion y) (spatiallyProjectsOntoAt x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [099-001] " . _:b665798920 . _:b666209527 . _:b663519915 . _:b665862304 . _:b666238127 . _:b666209520 . _:b665862305 . _:b666238126 . _:b666238109 . _:b663520093 . _:b665860922 . _:b666238098 . _:b665797612 . _:b666238124 . _:b666209521 . . _:b666238125 . _:b666209522 . _:b663519911 . _:b666209523 . _:b665862300 . _:b666238135 . _:b663519916 . _:b663914239 "ncithesaurus:Esophagus"^^ . _:b666209420 . _:b665798553 "Every process boundary occupies_temporal_region a zero-dimensional temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [085-002])"@en . _:b666238134 . _:b665862301 . . _:b663914387 . _:b666238092 . _:b666209421 . _:b665862302 . _:b666238132 . _:b666209055 . . _:b665797585 . _:b666238133 . _:b666209422 . _:b665862303 . _:b666209030 . _:b665798944 . _:b663519907 . _:b666238130 . _:b666238128 . _:b666238091 . _:b666238089 . _:b666209423 . _:b665862340 . _:b666209031 . _:b663519912 . _:b666209416 . _:b666238129 . _:b666238131 . _:b666238090 . _:b665798946 . _:b666209417 . _:b665862298 . _:b666209418 . _:b665862299 . _:b666209419 . _:b665862292 . _:b666238085 . _:b666238142 . _:b666209412 . _:b665862293 . _:b666238086 . _:b666209413 . _:b665862294 . _:b666238087 . _:b666238140 . _:b665798919 . _:b666209414 . _:b665862295 . _:b666238081 . _:b665797594 . _:b666209415 . _:b665860452 "b is an occurrent entity iff b is an entity that has temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [079-001])"@en . _:b666238141 . _:b665798937 . _:b665806340 . _:b666209408 . _:b665862289 . _:b666238082 . _:b666238136 . _:b665806339 . _:b666209409 . _:b666238083 . _:b665862290 . _:b666238143 . _:b666238137 . _:b666238080 . _:b665806338 . _:b666209410 . _:b665862291 . _:b665806337 . _:b666209411 . _:b665862284 . _:b665806336 . _:b666209436 . _:b665862285 . _:b666238138 . _:b666209437 . _:b665862286 . _:b666238139 . _:b665798943 . _:b666209438 . _:b665798928 . _:b663914182 . _:b666209439 . _:b665862280 . _:b666238084 . _:b665798929 . _:b666209432 . _:b665862281 . _:b665862675 "Entity doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example Werner Ceusters 'portions of reality' include 4 sorts, entities (as BFO construes them), universals, configurations, and relations. It is an open question as to whether entities as construed in BFO will at some point also include these other portions of reality. See, for example, 'How to track absolutely everything' at http://www.referent-tracking.com/_RTU/papers/CeustersICbookRevised.pdf"@en . _:b663519879 . _:b663519887 . _:b666209433 . _:b665862282 . _:b663914181 . _:b666209434 . _:b665862283 . _:b665798932 . _:b663519888 . _:b666209435 . _:b666238093 . _:b666238088 . _:b663519889 . _:b666209428 . _:b665798934 . _:b663519883 . _:b665797576 . _:b666209429 . _:b666238095 . _:b666209430 . _:b665861991 "(forall (x) (if (Quality x) (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [055-001] " . _:b665862279 . _:b663519873 . _:b666209431 . _:b665862272 . _:b665806252 . _:b666209424 . _:b665862371 . _:b665862273 . _:b663914188 . _:b666238094 . _:b665798451 . _:b666209425 . _:b665862274 . _:b666209583 "ncithesaurus:Stomach"^^ . _:b666238905 "(forall (x) (if (ThreeDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [040-001] " . _:b663913968 "Occurrent doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the sum of a process and the process boundary of another process."@en . _:b666209426 . _:b663519878 . _:b665862275 . _:b666238096 . _:b665862368 . _:b666209427 . _:b663914187 . _:b665798446 . _:b663519884 . _:b666209452 . _:b663519875 . _:b666209453 . _:b665798927 . _:b666209454 . _:b666209455 . _:b666238097 . _:b663519872 . _:b665862794 "A primary bacterial infectious disease caused by the bacteria of the genus Salmonella. It has sypmtoms diarrhea, fever, vomiting, and abdominal cramps 12 to 72 hours after infection. In most cases, the illness lasts four to seven days, and most people recover without treatment." . _:b666209448 . _:b663519874 . _:b663914196 . _:b666209449 . _:b665862394 . _:b665798915 . _:b663914197 . _:b666209450 . _:b665862395 . _:b665798490 "A spatial region is a continuant entity that is a continuant_part_of spaceR as defined relative to some frame R. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [035-001])"@en . _:b663519893 . _:b665798441 . _:b666209451 . _:b666209444 . _:b663520097 . _:b663914192 . _:b666238101 . _:b666209445 . _:b663914193 . _:b665798436 . _:b666209446 . _:b666238292 "ncithesaurus:Large_Intestine"^^ . _:b666238099 . _:b666209447 . _:b666238116 . _:b666238110 . _:b666209440 . _:b666238117 . _:b666209774 . _:b663519892 . _:b663519882 . _:b666238111 . _:b666209441 . _:b666209442 . _:b666209443 . _:b663519881 . _:b666209468 . _:b666238173 . _:b663519886 . _:b666209469 . _:b663520130 . _:b665862382 . _:b666209470 . _:b663516874 . _:b666238175 . _:b666209471 . _:b663520746 "(forall (x) (if (Disposition x) (and (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (bearerOfAt x y t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [062-002] " . _:b666238174 . _:b663519896 . _:b663519885 . _:b666209464 . _:b665862377 . _:b666209465 . _:b665860778 "Subdivision of digestive tract that connects the stomach to the large intestine and is where much of the digestion and absorption of food takes place (with the exception of ruminants). The mammalian small intestine is long and coiled and can be differentiated histologically into: duodenum, jejunem, ileum[WP,cjm,Kardong]."^^ . _:b666209466 . _:b666238161 . _:b666238187 . _:b666209467 . _:b666238160 . _:b666209460 . _:b666238186 . _:b666238162 . _:b666209313 _:b666209312 . _:b665862414 . _:b666238189 . _:b666238185 . _:b666209461 . _:b665797940 "The tract of the alimentary canal. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b666238184 . _:b666209462 . _:b666238188 . _:b663913577 "BTO:0000657"^^ . _:b666209463 . _:b666209456 . _:b663913575 "BTO:0000657"^^ . _:b666209457 . _:b666209458 . _:b666238152 . _:b666209459 . _:b663914155 . _:b666209356 . _:b663520994 "caecum"^^ . _:b666238195 . _:b666209357 . _:b666209358 . _:b666209359 . _:b666238196 . _:b666209352 . _:b666238155 . _:b666208931 "UMLS:C0022378"^^ . _:b666209353 . _:b666238224 . _:b666238157 . _:b666238308 . _:b666238158 . _:b666238154 . _:b666238153 . _:b666209354 . _:b666238156 . _:b666238159 . _:b665862383 . _:b666209355 . _:b666209348 . _:b663516757 "blind intestine"^^ . _:b666238197 . _:b666209349 . _:b665860439 "Continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example, in an expansion involving bringing in some of Ceuster's other portions of reality, questions are raised as to whether universals are continuants"@en . _:b666209350 . _:b666238150 . _:b666209351 . _:b666209344 . _:b665862353 . _:b666238145 . _:b666238325 . _:b666238228 . _:b666209345 . _:b665862354 . _:b666238149 . _:b666209283 _:b666209282 . _:b666238151 . _:b666209346 . _:b665862355 . _:b666209367 "(forall (x) (if (Disposition x) (and (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (bearerOfAt x y t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [062-002] " . _:b666238192 . _:b666209347 . _:b665862891 . _:b666238328 . _:b666209372 . _:b666209281 _:b666209284 . _:b665862812 . _:b666238148 . _:b665862405 . _:b666239197 "VHOG:0000647"^^ . _:b666209373 . _:b666209374 . _:b666209284 _:b666209283 . _:b666209375 . _:b666238146 . _:b666238147 . _:b666209368 . _:b665798219 . _:b666209369 . _:b666209288 _:b666209287 . _:b666238144 . _:b666209370 . _:b666209289 _:b666209286 . _:b666209289 _:b666209288 . . _:b666238194 . _:b666209371 . _:b663515995 . _:b666209364 . _:b663515992 . _:b666209365 . _:b663515993 . _:b666209366 . _:b666238193 . _:b666209294 _:b666209291 . _:b663515998 . _:b666209367 . _:b666239047 "VHOG:0000056"^^ . _:b663515999 . _:b666209293 _:b666209292 . _:b666209360 . _:b666209294 _:b666209293 . _:b666209361 . _:b666209305 _:b666209307 . _:b663515997 . _:b666209362 . _:b666238165 . _:b666209363 . _:b666238164 . _:b666209388 . _:b666209303 _:b666209302 . _:b666209389 . _:b666209311 _:b666209313 . _:b666238166 . _:b666209299 _:b666209298 . _:b666209390 . _:b666238167 . _:b666209299 _:b666209296 . _:b666209391 . _:b666209697 . _:b666208523 . _:b666209384 . _:b666209298 _:b666209297 . _:b666238191 . _:b666209308 _:b666209310 . _:b666238163 . _:b665862080 . _:b666209385 . _:b666238190 . _:b666208522 . _:b666209386 . _:b666209700 . _:b666209387 . _:b666208854 "4"^^ . _:b666238178 . _:b666238179 . _:b665860442 "if b is a continuant and if, for some t, cis continuant_part of b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [009-002])"@en . _:b666209380 . _:b666209310 _:b666209309 . _:b666238180 . _:b666238169 . _:b666238177 . _:b666209304 _:b666209301 . _:b666238171 . _:b666209381 . _:b666238168 . _:b666209382 . _:b666208859 "MP:0000492"^^ . _:b666208524 . _:b666209383 . _:b666238176 . _:b666238182 . _:b665861475 "The terminal portion of the large intestine between the ileo-pelvic colon and the anus. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b666209307 _:b666209306 . _:b666209304 _:b666209303 . _:b666238172 . _:b666209376 . _:b666238183 . _:b666209377 . _:b666238170 . _:b666238181 . _:b666208894 . _:b666209378 . _:b666209379 . _:b666209498 _:b666209502 . _:b666209404 . _:b663516000 . _:b666209405 . _:b666209491 _:b666209490 . _:b666209406 . _:b663516072 . _:b666209407 . _:b666209477 _:b666209478 . _:b666209400 . _:b666209490 _:b666209489 . _:b665798646 . _:b666209401 . _:b665806274 . _:b666209503 _:b666209506 . _:b665861214 "All parts of temporal regions are temporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [101-001])"@en . _:b666238224 . _:b666209487 _:b666209488 . _:b666209402 . _:b663516068 . _:b666209403 . _:b663516069 . _:b666209501 _:b666209499 . _:b666209482 _:b666209483 . _:b665798828 "UMLS:C0022378"^^ . _:b666209396 . _:b663516070 . _:b666209502 _:b666209501 . _:b666209488 _:b666209491 . _:b666209397 . _:b663516071 . _:b666238228 . _:b666209496 _:b666209495 . _:b666209398 . _:b666209497 _:b666209496 . _:b665860394 . _:b666209399 . _:b663520756 "(forall (x) (if (exists (t) (and (existsAt x t) (Quality x))) (forall (t_1) (if (existsAt x t_1) (Quality x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [105-001] " . _:b663520255 "intestinum crassum cecum"^^ . _:b666209392 . _:b666209494 _:b666209497 . _:b663516066 . _:b663913577 "middle intestine"^^ . _:b666209393 . _:b663516067 . _:b666209394 . _:b666209395 . _:b666209475 _:b666209474 . _:b666208526 . _:b666209292 . _:b665862828 . _:b666209293 . _:b663914070 "a zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a fiat point whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [031-001])"@en . _:b666209294 . _:b666209476 _:b666209473 . _:b666238222 . _:b666209295 . _:b666209476 _:b666209475 . _:b666238221 . _:b666209288 . _:b666209483 _:b666209486 . _:b666238219 . _:b666238220 . _:b666209289 . _:b665798629 . _:b666209290 . . _:b666209291 . _:b666208692 . _:b665798680 . . _:b665862420 . . _:b663914002 "(forall (x y) (if (and (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (SpatioTemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [096-001] " . _:b666209284 . _:b665862421 . _:b666209285 . _:b666209286 . _:b666209472 _:b666209476 . _:b666209499 _:b666209500 . _:b666209287 . _:b666238839 "An occurrent is an entity that unfolds itself in time or it is the instantaneous boundary of such an entity (for example a beginning or an ending) or it is a temporal or spatiotemporal region which such an entity occupies_temporal_region or occupies_spatiotemporal_region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [077-002])"@en . _:b666209485 _:b666209484 . _:b666209280 . _:b666209486 _:b666209485 . _:b666209029 . _:b666209281 . _:b666209282 . _:b663516461 "(forall (x) (if (Continuant x) (Entity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [008-002] " . _:b666209692 . _:b666209283 . _:b666209308 . _:b665806282 "intestinum crassum"^^ . _:b666209309 . _:b666209026 . _:b666209695 . _:b666209310 . _:b666237976 . _:b666209311 . _:b666209304 . _:b666209305 . _:b666238433 "NCBITaxon:32443"^^ . _:b666209306 . _:b666209307 . _:b665806181 "zero dimension continuant fiat boundaries are not spatial points. Considering the example 'the quadripoint where the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona meet' : There are many frames in which that point is zooming through many points in space. Whereas, no matter what the frame, the quadripoint is always in the same relation to the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona."@en . _:b665862974 "WP"^^ . _:b663515909 . _:b666209300 . _:b666237958 . _:b663515908 . _:b666209301 . _:b666209302 . _:b665862771 "(forall (x) (if (MaterialEntity x) (IndependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [019-002] " . _:b666209303 . _:b666209641 . _:b666209296 . _:b666209642 . _:b663520961 "WP:Stomach#In_other_animals"^^ . _:b666209297 . _:b666209298 . _:b665861676 _:b665861682 . _:b666209513 _:b666209512 . _:b666209299 . _:b666209511 _:b666209514 . _:b666237967 . _:b666209514 _:b666209513 . _:b666209324 . _:b666209325 . _:b663914255 "A pouch in the digestive tract that connects the ileum with the ascending colon of the large intestine. It is separated from the ileum by the ileocecal valve, and is the beginning of the large intestine. It is also separated from the colon by the cecocolic junction."^^ . _:b666209326 . _:b666209327 . _:b666209320 . _:b666209505 _:b666209504 . _:b666209321 . _:b666209506 _:b666209505 . _:b666209322 . _:b666209323 . _:b666209316 . _:b666238355 . _:b666209317 . _:b666209318 . _:b666209319 . _:b666238003 . _:b666209312 . _:b665798926 . _:b666209313 . _:b665798949 . _:b666238013 . _:b666209314 . _:b666209024 . _:b666209315 . _:b665798723 . _:b666209340 . _:b663914145 . _:b666209341 . _:b665798923 . _:b666209342 . _:b665798841 . _:b666209343 . _:b666209336 . _:b663914149 . _:b666209337 . _:b666209338 . _:b665798912 . _:b666209339 . _:b666209332 . _:b665862401 . _:b666209333 . _:b666237985 . _:b666209334 . _:b666209335 . _:b666209328 . _:b665805783 . _:b666209329 . _:b666209052 . _:b666209330 . _:b666209331 . _:b666209434 _:b666209437 . _:b665861489 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b665861488 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b663520025 "A three-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of three dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [040-001])"@en . _:b665861491 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b665860676 . _:b665861490 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b665860677 . _:b666208824 . _:b666237994 . _:b666208825 . _:b666209437 _:b666209436 . _:b666208973 . _:b665860672 . _:b666208826 . _:b665862255 . _:b666208827 . _:b665860673 . _:b666208828 . _:b666209436 _:b666209435 . _:b666208829 . _:b665797807 "Every process boundary occupies_temporal_region a zero-dimensional temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [085-002])"@en . _:b663515730 "Spatial region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the union of a spatial point and a spatial line that doesn't overlap the point, or two spatial lines that intersect at a single point. In both cases the resultant spatial region is neither 0-dimensional, 1-dimensional, 2-dimensional, or 3-dimensional."@en . _:b666208816 . _:b665798921 . _:b666209445 _:b666209448 . _:b666239042 . _:b666209448 _:b666209447 . _:b666238046 . _:b663516631 . _:b666238042 . _:b666208809 . _:b666208810 . _:b666208811 . _:b665861393 "A subdivision of the digestive tract that connects the small intestine to the cloaca or anus. Lacks or has few villi[Kardong]."^^ . _:b666208813 . _:b663913959 "Continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example, in an expansion involving bringing in some of Ceuster's other portions of reality, questions are raised as to whether universals are continuants"@en . _:b666208662 . _:b666209447 _:b666209446 . _:b666208663 . _:b665805328 "if b is a continuant and if, for some t, cis continuant_part of b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [009-002])"@en . _:b666208661 . _:b666208666 . _:b666209457 _:b666209460 . _:b666238030 . _:b666209461 _:b666209464 . _:b666208664 . _:b666209452 _:b666209453 . _:b666208665 . _:b666238027 . _:b666209464 _:b666209463 . _:b663914322 . _:b665860808 "VHOG:0000647"^^ . _:b666208968 . _:b666209460 _:b666209459 . _:b666209463 _:b666209462 . _:b665861298 "A zero-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is without extent. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [102-001])"@en . _:b666209533 . _:b665860478 "Each spatiotemporal region projects_onto some temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [098-001])"@en . _:b666238848 "(forall (x t) (if (and (IndependentContinuant x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (Entity y) (specificallyDependsOnAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [018-002] " . _:b665798020 . _:b666209021 "The first chamber in the alimentary canal of a ruminant stomach, composed of the rumen and reticulum."^^ . _:b666209459 _:b666209458 . _:b665798713 . _:b665798021 . _:b666208784 . _:b665798022 . _:b665798023 . _:b666238076 . _:b665862196 "It appears that the stomach has an ancient origin. The stomach first appears in the fish lineage. The prevertebrate chordates do not have a true stomach, whereas the cartilaginous and bony fish do. Although most fish do have a true stomach, some fish species appear to have lost the stomach secondarily. The remaining vertebrate lineages do have a true stomach (at least in the adult animal), although there is great variation in the size and shape of the stomach.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b666238079 . _:b666239106 "DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1996.tb01658.x Mallatt J, Ventilation and the origin of jawed vertebrates: a new mouth. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (1996)"^^ . _:b663515986 "DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1996.tb01658.x Mallatt J, Ventilation and the origin of jawed vertebrates: a new mouth. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (1996)"^^ . _:b665798017 . _:b665861973 "(forall (x t) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (SpatialRegion y) (spatiallyProjectsOntoAt x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [099-001] " . _:b665860662 . _:b665798018 . _:b666238073 . _:b665798019 . _:b666208648 . _:b666208649 . _:b666208654 . _:b665860661 . _:b665805704 . _:b665798706 . _:b665798707 . _:b666238812 . _:b665805706 . _:b666208653 . _:b665798708 . _:b665798024 . _:b665798025 . _:b665798710 . _:b665805709 . _:b665798026 . _:b665798027 . _:b666208782 . _:b665860668 . _:b663913641 . _:b666208783 . _:b666209012 . _:b665797990 . _:b666238050 . _:b665805589 "AAO:0000579"^^ . _:b665860667 . _:b666208769 . _:b665797984 . _:b666208770 . _:b663520153 . _:b666209015 . _:b666208772 . _:b666238807 . _:b665805701 . _:b666208773 . _:b663516522 "(forall (x) (if (FiatObjectPart x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y) (and (Object y) (properContinuantPartOfAt x y t)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [027-004] " . _:b666208774 . _:b666208775 . _:b666209665 . _:b666238802 . _:b666208888 . _:b665798870 . _:b665806369 "UMLS:C0007531"^^ . _:b666238797 . _:b666208882 . _:b666238364 . _:b666208905 . _:b666208894 . _:b665798680 . _:b666208895 . _:b666238049 . _:b665798681 . _:b666238353 . _:b666208936 . _:b665798852 . _:b666208881 . _:b665805823 . _:b665798672 . _:b666238048 . _:b665798657 . _:b665862883 . _:b666209497 . _:b665862882 . _:b666208877 . _:b665798679 . _:b665798909 . _:b665862892 . _:b665798666 . _:b663516217 . _:b666208865 . _:b665798667 . _:b665860635 . _:b665797985 "Portion of alimentary canal with increased circular and longitudinal smooth muscle. Bounded posteriorly by the pyloric sphincter. Mucosal lining has increased folding.[AAO]"^^ . . _:b665798669 . _:b663516212 . _:b665862017 "Every process boundary occupies_temporal_region a zero-dimensional temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [085-002])"@en . _:b663516489 "(forall (x) (if (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [039-001] " . _:b665798670 . _:b666208955 . _:b665797944 . _:b665798671 . _:b665798895 . _:b666208856 . _:b665798865 . _:b666208897 . _:b665797949 . _:b665797950 . _:b665862807 . _:b665862005 "b is an object aggregate means: b is a material entity consisting exactly of a plurality of objects as member_parts at all times at which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [025-004])"@en . _:b665797942 . _:b665797936 . _:b666238025 . _:b666208863 . _:b665797738 "For any independent continuant b and any time t there is some spatial region r such that b is located_in r at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [134-001])"@en . _:b666238017 . _:b665798778 . _:b665797948 . _:b665805440 "A history is a process that is the sum of the totality of processes taking place in the spatiotemporal region occupied by a material entity or site, including processes on the surface of the entity or within the cavities to which it serves as host. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [138-001])"@en . _:b666208907 . _:b666208851 . _:b666238029 . _:b665797943 . _:b666238020 . _:b665798824 . _:b666238026 . _:b665798790 . _:b666238016 . _:b665798744 "Anterior end of the alimentary canal lined with smooth muscle. Bounded anteriorly by a constriction in the pharynx. Bounded posteriorly by and increase in circular and/or longitudinal smooth muscle associated with the stomach.[AAO]"^^ . _:b666238018 . _:b665797933 . _:b666238019 . _:b665797934 . _:b666238044 . _:b665798784 . _:b666208843 . _:b665797935 . _:b666208844 . _:b665798774 . _:b666208917 . _:b665797920 . _:b665798787 . _:b666238022 . _:b666208845 . _:b665797921 . _:b665798760 . _:b666238040 . _:b665797922 . _:b665798833 . _:b665797923 . _:b666238021 . _:b665798762 . _:b665797924 . _:b665797925 . _:b666239097 "ventriculus"^^ . _:b665798635 . _:b665797926 . _:b666238370 . _:b665860857 . _:b666238045 . _:b665797927 . _:b663913682 . _:b665797912 . _:b665797913 . _:b665863100 "alimentary system subdivision"^^ . _:b665797914 . _:b666208927 . . _:b666238041 . _:b665798753 . _:b665797915 . . _:b665863142 . _:b665861648 "Branch or outpocketing of the digestive tract."^^ . _:b665797908 . _:b665862210 "esophagus NOT part of gut in MA. part of gut in ZFA. part_of gut (via UGIT) in FMA. Consider splitting. Interspecies: The human oesophagus is 25 cm long and has a diameter of ca. 2 cm. Only little information was found on the oesophagus in rat, rabbit and pig. The oesophagus of rat (75 x 2 mm) and rabbit has no mucous glands and the cardia of the stomach has a well-developed sphincter, which prevents them from vomiting (Hebel and Stromberg, 1988; Manning et al., 1994). Morphologically the oesophagus is similar in man and pig; both are omnivores and have a non-keratinised epithelium, submucous glands and similar membrane enzymes. Like in humans, pigs can suffer from reflux oesophagitis and stress ulceration of the oesophagus. The pig oesophagus may therefore be a good model for investigation compared to the human oesophagus (Christie et al., 1995)"^^ . _:b666237999 . _:b665797917 . _:b665806178 "(iff (RelationalQuality a) (exists (b c t) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (IndependentContinuant c) (qualityOfAt a b t) (qualityOfAt a c t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [057-001] " . _:b666237996 . _:b665797904 . _:b666237988 . _:b665798802 . _:b666208925 "BTO:0000365"^^ . _:b663913245 "(forall (x y) (if (and (TemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (TemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [101-001] " . _:b666208957 . _:b665797905 . _:b666238428 . _:b666208924 "BTO:0000365"^^ . _:b666238007 . _:b666237992 . _:b666238004 . _:b665806439 "ISBN:0-683-40008-8"^^ . _:b666237984 . _:b665797916 . _:b665797909 . _:b665805650 . _:b666237990 . _:b665798651 . _:b665798748 . _:b665805651 . _:b666237997 . _:b666238209 "url:http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf" . _:b665797888 . _:b666237987 . _:b666238014 . _:b665797897 . _:b666208878 . _:b666238015 . _:b665797898 . _:b666237993 . _:b665798794 . . _:b665797900 . _:b666238408 . _:b665797893 . _:b665798740 . _:b666238006 . _:b666237986 . _:b665798741 . _:b665798742 . _:b665797889 . _:b666238002 . _:b666237989 . _:b665797899 . _:b666238011 . _:b666238008 . _:b665797892 . _:b666237995 . _:b665798804 . _:b666209426 "requested by Melanie Courtot" . _:b665797894 . _:b665862716 . _:b666238005 . _:b665797903 . _:b665862717 . _:b666238012 . _:b666237998 . _:b665862718 . _:b665798009 . _:b666238001 . _:b665862719 . _:b665862712 . _:b666208935 . _:b665798721 . _:b665862713 . _:b665798722 . _:b665862714 . _:b666237971 . _:b666237965 . _:b665798723 . _:b665862715 . _:b665798724 . _:b665798014 . _:b665862708 . _:b666237957 . _:b665798725 . _:b665798814 . _:b666237968 . _:b665862709 . _:b665798726 . _:b665862710 . _:b666237960 . _:b665798425 . _:b666208926 . _:b665862711 . _:b665798002 . _:b665862704 . _:b665798003 . _:b665862705 . _:b665798004 . _:b666237963 . _:b666237952 . _:b665862706 . _:b666208842 . _:b665798429 . _:b666238463 . _:b666237956 . _:b665862707 . _:b666237966 . _:b665862700 . _:b666208915 . _:b666237977 . _:b666238461 . _:b665798007 . _:b665798403 . _:b665862701 . _:b665797992 . _:b665862702 . _:b663520917 . _:b665797993 . _:b666208840 . _:b665805428 "b process_profile_of c holds when b proper_occurrent_part_of c& there is some proper_occurrent_part d of c which has no parts in common with b & is mutually dependent on b& is such that b, c and d occupy the same temporal region (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [094-005])"@en . _:b665862703 . _:b666238458 . _:b665798832 . _:b665797994 . _:b666209456 . _:b665862696 . _:b665798586 . _:b666237961 . _:b666237954 . _:b665797995 . _:b665862697 . _:b666208904 . _:b666237980 . _:b665797996 . _:b666208893 . _:b665798406 . _:b665862698 . _:b666237975 . _:b665798720 . _:b666237953 . _:b666208906 . _:b665862699 . _:b665862692 . _:b666237981 . _:b666237983 . _:b665798936 . _:b665862693 . _:b666208853 . _:b666237959 . _:b665862694 . _:b666208890 . _:b665805506 . _:b665798409 . _:b666237978 . _:b665862695 . _:b666209657 "Intestinal surface area also is increased in amphibians and reptiles by internal folds and occasionally by a few villi. The intestine can be divided into a small intestine and a slightly wider large intestine.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b666237970 . _:b665797922 . _:b665862688 . _:b665797921 . _:b665862689 . _:b665862961 "4"^^ . _:b665798414 . _:b665862690 . _:b666237972 . _:b666237962 . _:b665862691 . _:b665862684 . _:b666208899 . _:b666208887 . _:b665797991 . _:b665862685 . _:b665797976 . _:b666237974 . _:b665798775 . _:b665862686 . _:b665862064 . _:b665797977 . _:b666237979 . _:b665798449 . _:b666208902 . _:b665862687 . _:b665797978 . _:b666237969 . _:b665797970 . _:b665862680 . _:b666208903 . _:b665797979 . _:b665862681 . _:b665805441 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infectious_disease" . _:b665797980 . _:b665798454 . _:b665862682 . _:b663515974 "WP:Stomach#In_other_animals"^^ . _:b665797981 . _:b665862683 . _:b666209018 . _:b665862676 . _:b665862677 . _:b666238230 . _:b665797968 . _:b665862678 . _:b665798823 . _:b665797969 . _:b665798457 . _:b665862679 . _:b665798965 . _:b666237838 . _:b665861545 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665861978 "(iff (Process a) (and (Occurrent a) (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)) (exists (c t) (and (MaterialEntity c) (specificallyDependsOnAt a c t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [083-003] " . _:b665797971 . _:b665798572 "(iff (ProcessProfile a) (exists (b) (and (Process b) (processProfileOf a b)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [093-002] " . _:b666238226 . _:b665798463 . _:b665862675 . _:b665798812 . _:b666209007 . _:b665797974 . _:b665798460 . _:b665797975 . _:b666237837 . _:b665797960 . _:b665798727 . _:b665797961 . _:b665797953 . _:b665798433 . _:b665797962 . _:b665798800 . _:b663520029 "b is an object means: b is a material entity which manifests causal unity of one or other of the types CUn listed above & is of a type (a material universal) instances of which are maximal relative to this criterion of causal unity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [024-001])"@en . _:b665798801 . _:b665798439 . _:b665797964 . _:b666209001 . _:b665798803 . _:b666209676 . _:b665797967 . _:b666208671 "(iff (OneDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [032-001] " . _:b666209677 . _:b666209004 . _:b665861481 "A pouch in the digestive tract that connects the ileum with the ascending colon of the large intestine. It is separated from the ileum by the ileocecal valve, and is the beginning of the large intestine. It is also separated from the colon by the cecocolic junction."^^ . _:b666209678 . _:b666209005 . _:b666209010 . _:b663516589 . _:b666209679 . _:b665797998 "AAO:0000145"^^ . _:b666209489 . _:b665798792 . _:b665797954 . _:b666209668 "NCBITaxon:9606"^^ . _:b665797955 . _:b665797963 . _:b665798739 . _:b666209674 . _:b665798769 "ceca"^^ . _:b666209675 . _:b665798796 . _:b665797958 . _:b663516546 . _:b663913365 . _:b665798444 . _:b665862780 . _:b666239196 "the portion of the small intestine that extends from the jejunum to the colon"^^ . _:b663516547 . _:b666239293 . _:b665797959 . _:b665861554 "VHOG"^^ . _:b666208996 . _:b665862781 . _:b663520932 . _:b665860444 "(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (continuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [009-002] " . _:b665798737 . _:b665862782 . _:b665798610 . _:b665798799 . _:b666208830 . _:b663516545 . _:b665862783 . _:b663516550 . _:b665862776 . _:b666208999 . _:b666208967 . _:b665798785 . _:b665862777 . _:b663516548 . _:b665798614 . _:b665862778 . _:b663516549 . _:b665798077 . _:b665862779 . _:b666238205 . _:b665861559 . _:b666208986 . _:b665798078 . _:b666208771 . _:b665862772 . _:b666208987 . _:b665805377 "To say that b is a realizable entity is to say that b is a specifically dependent continuant that inheres in some independent continuant which is not a spatial region and is of a type instances of which are realized in processes of a correlated type. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [058-002])"@en . _:b665798750 . _:b665862773 . _:b665862774 . _:b666208989 . _:b665798791 . _:b665862775 . _:b666238201 . _:b666208990 . _:b666209022 . _:b665798066 . _:b665862768 . _:b666208991 . _:b666209023 . _:b665798067 . _:b666208776 . _:b665862769 . _:b665798068 . _:b665862770 . _:b666208324 . _:b665862771 . _:b666208978 . _:b665862764 . _:b663913576 . _:b665862765 . _:b665798056 . _:b665862766 . _:b666208981 . _:b665798057 . _:b666208970 . _:b665798049 . _:b665862767 . _:b666208323 . _:b666208982 . _:b665798896 . _:b665798058 . _:b665798864 . _:b663516199 . _:b665862760 . _:b666209680 . _:b665862761 . _:b665798898 . _:b666208785 . _:b665797806 "p is a process boundary =Def. p is a temporal part of a process & p has no proper temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [084-001])"@en . _:b665798598 . _:b665862762 . _:b665862763 . _:b665862756 . _:b666208971 . _:b665798901 . _:b665862757 . _:b666208972 . _:b665798902 . _:b665798048 . _:b665862758 . _:b665862759 . _:b665798888 . _:b665798050 . _:b665862752 . _:b666208975 . _:b666208631 . _:b666208820 . _:b665862753 . _:b666208960 . _:b666208630 . _:b665861535 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665862754 . _:b666208629 . _:b665798053 . _:b665862755 . _:b666208962 . _:b666208628 . _:b665797885 . _:b666208823 . _:b665798054 . _:b665862748 . _:b665798893 . _:b665798055 . _:b665798091 "UMLS:C0020885"^^ . _:b665862749 . _:b666208635 . _:b665862750 . _:b666208965 . _:b666208817 . _:b665798041 . _:b665798641 . _:b666208966 . _:b665862751 . _:b666208818 . _:b663913526 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b665862744 . _:b665798647 . _:b665862745 . _:b665861526 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665798044 . _:b665806360 "ISBN:0-683-40008-8"^^ . _:b665862746 . _:b665798045 . _:b666208636 . _:b665798883 . _:b665798904 . _:b665862747 . _:b665798046 . _:b665798884 . _:b665806562 . _:b665862740 . _:b665798047 . _:b665862741 . _:b665798032 . _:b665798886 . _:b665798040 . _:b665798907 . _:b665862742 . _:b665798887 . _:b663516500 "p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003])"@en . _:b665862743 . _:b665798872 . _:b665862736 . _:b665862737 . _:b665861931 "Continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example, in an expansion involving bringing in some of Ceuster's other portions of reality, questions are raised as to whether universals are continuants"@en . _:b665862738 . _:b665798875 . _:b663516804 . _:b665862739 . _:b665798038 . _:b665798652 . _:b665862732 . _:b665798039 . _:b665862733 . _:b665798878 . _:b665860408 _:b665860412 . _:b665862734 . _:b665861475 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665798626 . _:b665798879 . _:b665862735 . _:b665862886 "VHOG:0000054"^^ . _:b665862728 . _:b663521058 "mid-intestine"^^ . _:b666239280 . _:b665862729 . _:b666238102 "(forall (x t) (if (and (IndependentContinuant x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (Entity y) (specificallyDependsOnAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [018-002] " . _:b665798028 . _:b665862730 . _:b665798029 . _:b665798668 . _:b665862731 . _:b665798868 . _:b665862724 . _:b665860413 _:b665860417 . _:b665798869 . _:b663516814 . _:b665862725 . _:b665797915 . _:b665798016 . _:b665862726 . _:b665862727 . _:b665798673 . _:b665862720 . _:b665798717 . _:b665798857 . _:b663914226 "ncithesaurus:Stomach"^^ . _:b665862721 . _:b665862722 . _:b665798859 . _:b665861500 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665862723 . _:b663516823 . _:b663913490 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b665798636 . _:b665798807 "TAO"^^ . _:b663913282 "A one-dimensional spatial region is a line or aggregate of lines stretching from one point in space to another. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [038-001])"@en . _:b665798862 . _:b665798714 . _:b663516646 . _:b665798867 . _:b665798863 . _:b665798137 . _:b665798715 . _:b665798138 . _:b665798139 . _:b666238066 . _:b665798131 . _:b665798682 . _:b665798140 . _:b665863125 . _:b665798141 . _:b666209799 . _:b665798015 . _:b665798142 . _:b666238061 . _:b665861450 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665798854 . _:b665798129 . _:b666238056 . _:b665798130 . _:b666238157 "(forall (x) (if (ObjectAggregate x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y z) (and (Object y) (Object z) (memberPartOfAt y x t) (memberPartOfAt z x t) (not (= y z)))))) (not (exists (w t_1) (and (memberPartOfAt w x t_1) (not (Object w)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [025-004] " . _:b665798132 . _:b663515692 . _:b665798133 . _:b665798120 . _:b665798112 . _:b665798121 . _:b665798122 . _:b665798123 . _:b666208615 "(forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (TemporalRegion y) (temporallyProjectsOnto x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [098-001] " . _:b663913378 . _:b665798124 . _:b666238051 . _:b663521036 "VHOG:0000055"^^ . _:b663913477 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b665798126 . _:b663516444 . _:b663515687 . _:b663913696 . _:b665798113 . _:b663516447 . _:b663515682 . _:b666208680 . _:b665798116 . _:b665861259 "b is an object aggregate means: b is a material entity consisting exactly of a plurality of objects as member_parts at all times at which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [025-004])"@en . _:b665798117 . _:b665798125 . _:b663515677 . _:b665798118 . _:b666209814 . _:b665798119 . _:b665863112 . _:b665798096 . _:b665798105 . _:b665798106 . _:b665798108 . _:b665805465 . _:b665862810 . _:b665861463 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665805629 "blindgut"^^ . _:b665798101 . _:b666209525 "Intestinal surface area also is increased in amphibians and reptiles by internal folds and occasionally by a few villi. The intestine can be divided into a small intestine and a slightly wider large intestine.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665862804 . _:b665798111 . _:b665798587 . _:b665862805 . _:b666209536 "ncithesaurus:Intestine"^^ . _:b665798097 . _:b666208833 "An expanded region of the vertebrate alimentary tract that serves as a food storage compartment and digestive organ. A stomach is lined, in whole or in part by a glandular epithelium."^^ . _:b665798577 . _:b665798107 . _:b666238088 "(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (hasContinuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [126-001] " . _:b665798100 . _:b665862802 . _:b665862803 . _:b663516671 . _:b665798102 . _:b663913973 "(forall (x) (if (Occurrent x) (exists (r) (and (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x r))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [108-001] " . _:b665806482 . _:b666209272 . _:b666239251 "alimentary system subdivision"^^ . _:b665862799 . _:b663516674 "ncithesaurus:Intestine"^^ . _:b665862792 . _:b665862793 . _:b665862794 . _:b663516450 . _:b665806487 . _:b665806335 "AAO:0000579"^^ . _:b665862788 . _:b665862789 . _:b665862790 . _:b665861269 "(forall (x) (if (Function x) (Disposition x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [064-001] " . _:b663516744 . _:b665806288 "GOC:GO"^^ . _:b665862791 . _:b665862784 . _:b665805615 "The terminal portion of the large intestine between the ileo-pelvic colon and the anus. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b666238602 . _:b665862785 . _:b666238594 . _:b665862786 . _:b665862787 . _:b665798086 . _:b666238599 . _:b665798087 . _:b665863144 . _:b666209268 . _:b666209270 . _:b663520218 "ventriculus"^^ . _:b666209269 . _:b665798225 . _:b665863147 . _:b665797682 . _:b666238595 . _:b665798230 . _:b665806502 . _:b666238791 . _:b665797686 . _:b665798234 . _:b666238787 . _:b665861271 "Every process boundary occupies_temporal_region a zero-dimensional temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [085-002])"@en . _:b665862896 . _:b666238643 . _:b665862354 "alimentary system subdivision"^^ . _:b665806505 . _:b665862897 . _:b666238794 . _:b665798238 . _:b666238653 . _:b665860423 _:b665860427 . _:b666238382 "FMA:14541"^^ . _:b665862893 . _:b663516769 . _:b666238790 . _:b665862894 . _:b666238795 . _:b663516402 . _:b665862895 . _:b666238648 . _:b663516403 . _:b665862888 . _:b665797667 . _:b663516400 . . _:b665860418 _:b665860422 . _:b666238786 . _:b663516401 . _:b663516406 . _:b665798213 . _:b663516407 . _:b665862884 . _:b665805479 . _:b663516404 . _:b665862885 . _:b663516405 . _:b665862886 . _:b663516410 . _:b665862396 . _:b665862887 . _:b663516411 . _:b663516408 . _:b663516409 . _:b665797997 . _:b665805501 . _:b663516414 . _:b665861404 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665797678 . _:b663516415 . _:b663516412 . _:b665798259 . _:b666238638 . _:b665861394 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665797648 . _:b663516413 . _:b666238633 . _:b663516047 "Subdivision of digestive tract that connects the stomach to the large intestine and is where much of the digestion and absorption of food takes place (with the exception of ruminants). The mammalian small intestine is long and coiled and can be differentiated histologically into: duodenum, jejunem, ileum[WP,cjm,Kardong]."^^ . _:b663516386 . _:b666238431 "The first part of the small intestine. At the junction of the stomach and the duodenum the alimentary canal is inflected. The duodenum first goes anteriorly for a short distance, turns dorsally, and eventually caudally, thus it is a U-shaped structure with two horizontal sections (a ventral and a dorsal one)."^^ . _:b663516387 . _:b665798256 . _:b663516384 . _:b666209069 . _:b666239118 "VHOG:0001751"^^ . _:b663516385 . _:b666238677 . _:b663516390 . _:b665798261 . _:b666238758 . _:b666238766 . _:b663516391 . _:b666209070 . _:b666238768 . _:b663516388 . _:b663516389 . _:b663516394 . _:b665798265 . _:b666238762 . _:b663516795 . _:b663516395 . _:b663516392 . _:b665806174 "b process_profile_of c holds when b proper_occurrent_part_of c& there is some proper_occurrent_part d of c which has no parts in common with b & is mutually dependent on b& is such that b, c and d occupy the same temporal region (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [094-005])"@en . _:b665798271 . _:b666238752 . _:b663516393 . _:b663516398 . _:b666238757 . _:b665805516 . _:b665797662 . _:b663516399 . _:b665798268 . _:b663516396 . _:b665798243 . _:b666238686 . _:b663516673 . _:b663516397 . _:b663520238 "MP:0000492"^^ . _:b666238763 . _:b663516370 . _:b665798241 . _:b666238754 . _:b663516371 . _:b665806423 "NCBITaxon:9606"^^ . _:b666239152 . _:b663516368 . _:b665798247 . _:b663516369 . _:b666238775 . _:b663516374 . _:b663516375 . _:b665797639 . _:b663516372 . _:b666208694 . _:b666238753 . _:b663516020 "Last portion of the large intestine before it becomes the rectum."^^ . _:b666238772 . _:b663516373 . _:b665798250 . _:b663516378 . _:b665798655 . _:b665861559 "posterior intestine"^^ . _:b663516379 . _:b663516376 . _:b666238658 . _:b663516377 . _:b663516382 . _:b666238668 . _:b663516383 . _:b665798252 . _:b666238760 . _:b666239107 "esophagus NOT part of gut in MA. part of gut in ZFA. part_of gut (via UGIT) in FMA. Consider splitting. Interspecies: The human oesophagus is 25 cm long and has a diameter of ca. 2 cm. Only little information was found on the oesophagus in rat, rabbit and pig. The oesophagus of rat (75 x 2 mm) and rabbit has no mucous glands and the cardia of the stomach has a well-developed sphincter, which prevents them from vomiting (Hebel and Stromberg, 1988; Manning et al., 1994). Morphologically the oesophagus is similar in man and pig; both are omnivores and have a non-keratinised epithelium, submucous glands and similar membrane enzymes. Like in humans, pigs can suffer from reflux oesophagitis and stress ulceration of the oesophagus. The pig oesophagus may therefore be a good model for investigation compared to the human oesophagus (Christie et al., 1995)"^^ . _:b663516380 . _:b665862973 . _:b666238761 . _:b663516381 . _:b665862974 . _:b663516354 . _:b665862975 . _:b666238664 . _:b666208700 . _:b666238767 . _:b663516355 . _:b665862968 . _:b666238764 . _:b663516352 . _:b666238771 . _:b665862969 . _:b666238765 . _:b665862997 . _:b663516353 . _:b665862145 . _:b663516358 . _:b665862971 . _:b663516359 . _:b665798164 . _:b666238733 . _:b665862964 . _:b666238725 . _:b663516356 . _:b663516357 . _:b665798170 . _:b665862966 . _:b666238729 . _:b663516362 . _:b665862967 . _:b666238704 . _:b663516363 . _:b665862054 . _:b666238721 . _:b663913631 . _:b663516360 . _:b666238741 . _:b665862961 . _:b663516361 . _:b665862962 . _:b666238727 . _:b665863006 . _:b663516366 . _:b666208568 . _:b666238734 . _:b663516367 . _:b666238744 . _:b665862956 . _:b663516364 . _:b666208602 "(forall (x y) (if (and (TemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (TemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [101-001] " . _:b665862957 . _:b666238724 . _:b663516365 . _:b666238713 . _:b666238750 . _:b665863000 . _:b663516338 . _:b663914244 "MA"^^ . _:b666238730 . _:b666238720 . _:b663516339 . _:b663516336 . _:b665861934 "if b is a continuant and if, for some t, cis continuant_part of b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [009-002])"@en . _:b665862953 . _:b666239117 "MP:0000492"^^ . _:b663516337 . _:b663516532 . _:b665862954 . _:b665805696 "distal intestine"^^ . _:b666238751 . _:b666238723 . _:b666238743 . _:b665798183 . _:b663516342 . _:b663516533 . _:b665862955 . _:b663516538 . _:b663516719 . _:b665798182 . _:b663516343 . _:b665798148 . _:b666238695 . _:b665862999 . _:b663516340 . _:b663516341 . _:b663516537 . _:b666238739 . _:b663516346 . _:b665798153 . _:b665798781 "TAO"^^ . _:b666238726 . _:b663516347 . _:b665862944 . _:b666238745 . _:b663516344 . _:b666238747 . _:b665798159 . _:b665862945 . _:b663516345 . _:b665862946 . _:b663516350 . _:b666238742 . _:b665805498 . _:b663516515 . _:b663516351 . _:b665862940 . _:b663516514 . _:b663516348 . _:b666209804 . _:b665862941 . _:b666238748 . _:b663516513 . _:b663516349 . _:b666209805 . _:b665798194 . _:b665862942 . _:b663516512 . _:b666238735 . _:b665806435 "BTO:0000657"^^ . _:b666209806 . _:b663516322 . _:b665797713 . _:b665862943 . _:b663516323 . _:b666209807 . _:b665806433 "BTO:0000657"^^ . _:b666209800 . _:b663516320 . _:b663516519 . _:b666238736 . _:b666238732 . _:b666238738 . _:b665797716 . _:b666209801 . _:b663516321 . _:b665862938 . _:b663516732 . _:b663516326 . _:b666209802 . _:b665862939 . _:b666238965 . _:b663516327 . _:b666209803 . _:b665798591 . _:b663516324 . _:b666209796 . _:b663516023 "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663516520 . _:b666209797 . _:b663516325 . _:b665798018 "WP"^^ . _:b666238967 . _:b663516330 . _:b666209798 . _:b665798201 . _:b663515835 . _:b666238966 . _:b663516331 . _:b666209799 . . _:b663516328 . _:b666209792 . _:b665798207 . _:b663516329 . _:b666209793 . _:b663516334 . _:b666209794 . _:b663516335 . _:b666209795 . _:b663516332 . _:b666208754 . _:b666238197 "A history is a process that is the sum of the totality of processes taking place in the spatiotemporal region occupied by a material entity or site, including processes on the surface of the entity or within the cavities to which it serves as host. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [138-001])"@en . _:b665797915 . _:b663913305 "Every entity which has a material entity as continuant part is a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [020-002])"@en . _:b666238968 . _:b665860588 . _:b663516333 . _:b665798178 . _:b663516306 . _:b663516307 . _:b663913515 . _:b665798451 _:b665798455 . _:b663516304 . _:b666239132 "blindgut"^^ . _:b663913514 . _:b663515753 "(forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (TemporalRegion y) (temporallyProjectsOnto x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [098-001] " . _:b665863014 . _:b663516305 . _:b665860566 "A disease is a disposition (i) to undergo pathological processes that (ii) exists in an organism because of one or more disorders in that organism." . _:b665863013 . _:b663516310 . _:b665861343 . _:b663516311 . _:b663516308 . _:b666209812 . _:b663516455 "A continuant is an entity that persists, endures, or continues to exist through time while maintaining its identity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [008-002])"@en . _:b663516309 . _:b666209813 . _:b666238466 . _:b663516314 . _:b666209814 . _:b665861618 . _:b665863009 . _:b663516315 . _:b663516312 . _:b666209808 . _:b666208741 . _:b666208736 . _:b663516313 . _:b666209809 . _:b663516318 . _:b666209810 . _:b665798189 . _:b665797710 . _:b666209811 . _:b663516319 . _:b665863036 . _:b666238970 . _:b663516316 . _:b665863037 . _:b665797879 . _:b663516317 . _:b665863038 . _:b663516290 . _:b665798353 . _:b665863039 . _:b666209467 . _:b663516291 . _:b665863032 . _:b665797929 . _:b666238974 . _:b665798436 _:b665798440 . _:b665806291 "UMLS:C0021853"^^ . _:b663516288 . _:b666208720 "1"^^ . _:b665798359 . _:b663516289 . _:b663516294 . _:b666208732 . _:b665863035 . _:b666208704 . _:b663516295 . _:b665798356 . _:b665863028 . _:b663913211 . _:b663516292 . _:b665863029 . _:b663516293 . _:b665798362 . _:b665863030 . _:b666208733 . _:b663516298 . _:b665863031 . _:b666208734 . _:b663516299 . _:b666208735 . _:b663516296 . _:b665863025 . _:b663913212 . _:b663516297 . _:b665863026 . _:b665797894 . _:b663516302 . _:b665798365 . _:b665863027 . _:b666208722 . _:b663516303 . _:b666238970 . _:b666208719 "1"^^ . _:b665798446 _:b665798450 . _:b665863020 . _:b665798651 . _:b666208723 . _:b665798441 _:b665798445 . _:b663516300 . _:b665863021 . _:b665862937 . _:b663516301 . _:b665798338 . _:b665798655 . _:b663516274 . _:b666209451 . _:b666238974 . _:b663516275 . _:b665863016 . _:b663516272 . _:b665863017 . _:b663516273 . _:b665862966 "MP:0000492"^^ . _:b665863018 . _:b663516278 . _:b665798341 . _:b665863019 . _:b663516279 . _:b663521049 "proximal intestine"^^ . _:b663516276 . _:b665798347 . _:b663516277 . _:b663516282 . _:b665863015 . _:b665798632 . _:b663516283 . _:b665798344 . _:b665798633 . _:b663516280 . _:b665798465 . _:b663516281 . _:b665798350 . _:b663521036 "Intestinal surface area also is increased in amphibians and reptiles by internal folds and occasionally by a few villi. The intestine can be divided into a small intestine and a slightly wider large intestine.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665798638 . _:b663516286 . _:b663516287 . _:b663516284 . _:b666209632 "UMLS:C0009368"^^ . _:b666238951 . _:b663516285 . _:b666208707 . _:b665798386 . _:b663519954 "(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (continuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [009-002] " . _:b663516258 . _:b665798552 "p is a process boundary =Def. p is a temporal part of a process & p has no proper temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [084-001])"@en . _:b663516259 . _:b663516256 . _:b666238947 . _:b663516945 . _:b663516257 . _:b665798629 . _:b663516262 . _:b665798389 . _:b663516263 . _:b666238554 . _:b663516260 . _:b665798395 . _:b665798630 . _:b663516261 . _:b665798631 . _:b663516266 . _:b665805274 . _:b666238557 . _:b663516267 . _:b665798392 . _:b665862992 . _:b663516264 . _:b665798399 . _:b665862993 . _:b665862972 . _:b663516265 . _:b665798619 . _:b663516270 . _:b665798620 . _:b663516271 . _:b665860500 "(forall (x) (if (exists (t) (and (existsAt x t) (Quality x))) (forall (t_1) (if (existsAt x t_1) (Quality x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [105-001] " . _:b665806134 . _:b663516268 . _:b665798371 . _:b665862989 . _:b663914272 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b663516269 . _:b665806129 . _:b665862990 . _:b665798597 . _:b666238351 . _:b663516242 . _:b665862970 . _:b665862991 . _:b666209796 _:b666209795 . _:b666209800 _:b666209803 . _:b663516243 . _:b663520227 "DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1996.tb01658.x Mallatt J, Ventilation and the origin of jawed vertebrates: a new mouth. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (1996)"^^ . _:b666209797 _:b666209796 . _:b665798368 . _:b666239183 "BTO:0000365"^^ . _:b666238345 . _:b663516240 . _:b665806140 . _:b665797889 . _:b666239182 "BTO:0000365"^^ . _:b663521107 . _:b663516241 . _:b665798374 . _:b665862986 . _:b665798601 . _:b663516246 . _:b666238453 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b666209802 _:b666209801 . _:b665862987 . _:b665806358 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b663516247 . _:b665862980 . _:b666209803 _:b666209802 . _:b663516244 . _:b666238455 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b665806142 . _:b665806136 . _:b665862981 . _:b663516245 . _:b666238454 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b666209794 _:b666209797 . _:b665806143 . _:b665862982 . _:b663516250 . _:b665806138 . _:b665798377 . _:b665862983 . _:b663516251 . _:b665862976 . _:b663521112 . _:b663516248 . _:b665798383 . _:b665862977 . _:b665798604 . _:b663516249 . _:b665862978 . _:b663516254 . _:b665862979 . _:b663516077 "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665798569 "b is a process_profile =Def. there is some process c such that b process_profile_of c (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [093-002])"@en . _:b663516255 . _:b666209812 _:b666209811 . _:b665806119 . _:b665798380 . _:b666209813 _:b666209812 . _:b665863100 . _:b663516252 . _:b665798291 . _:b665863101 . _:b665860813 . _:b663516253 . _:b666209810 _:b666209809 . _:b666209811 _:b666209810 . _:b663516226 . _:b665797882 . _:b663516227 . _:b665798288 . _:b665797883 . _:b663516224 . _:b666209809 _:b666209808 . _:b665797905 . _:b665797884 . _:b663516225 . _:b665797885 . _:b663516230 . _:b665797877 . _:b665798293 . _:b665863099 . _:b665797886 . _:b663516231 . _:b665806127 . _:b665797887 . _:b663516228 . _:b665797872 . _:b663516229 . _:b665798298 . _:b665797873 . _:b663516234 . _:b665798200 . _:b665797874 . _:b663516235 . _:b665806123 . _:b665798296 . _:b665797875 . _:b663516232 . _:b665806098 . _:b665797876 . _:b663516233 . _:b666238589 . _:b663516238 . _:b665798056 . _:b665805475 . _:b665798301 . _:b663914091 . _:b665797878 . _:b663516239 . _:b665797879 . _:b663516236 . _:b665798173 . _:b663516237 . _:b665798174 . _:b666209033 "Branch or outpocketing of the digestive tract."^^ . _:b663516210 . _:b665798273 . _:b663913446 . _:b663516211 . _:b665806099 . _:b663913447 . _:b665797867 . _:b663516208 . _:b666238964 . _:b663516209 . _:b665798278 . _:b663516214 . _:b663913442 . _:b665797870 . _:b663516215 . _:b665797862 . _:b665798276 . _:b665798197 . _:b665797871 . _:b663516212 . _:b665798283 . _:b665798198 . _:b665797856 . _:b663516213 . _:b665806105 . _:b663914080 . _:b663913441 . _:b665797857 . _:b663516218 . _:b665798281 . _:b665797858 . _:b663516219 . _:b665798659 . _:b665806107 . _:b665797866 . _:b665797859 . _:b663516216 . _:b665798186 . _:b665797860 . _:b663516217 . _:b663914236 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b665798286 . _:b665797861 . _:b665806092 . _:b663516222 . _:b665806080 . _:b665798188 . _:b663913450 . _:b663516223 . _:b665806081 . _:b663913451 . _:b665806090 . _:b665797863 . _:b663516220 . _:b665798323 . _:b665806091 . _:b663516221 . _:b665798191 . _:b665806088 . _:b663516194 . _:b665806082 . _:b663515830 . _:b665806089 . _:b663516195 . _:b665798320 . _:b665806186 "A history is a process that is the sum of the totality of processes taking place in the spatiotemporal region occupied by a material entity or site, including processes on the surface of the entity or within the cavities to which it serves as host. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [138-001])"@en . _:b665797851 . _:b663516192 . _:b665806087 . _:b663516193 . _:b663520782 "(forall (x) (if (ProcessBoundary x) (exists (y) (and (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion y) (occupiesTemporalRegion x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [085-002] " . _:b665798326 . _:b663516198 . _:b665806094 . _:b665798206 . _:b663516199 . _:b665860779 "2012-08-14"^^ . _:b665798181 . _:b665797855 . _:b663516196 . _:b665798182 . _:b665797840 . _:b663516197 . _:b666238577 . _:b665798183 . _:b665806280 "VHOG:0000054"^^ . _:b663516202 . _:b665798329 . _:b666238576 . _:b663516203 . _:b666238579 . _:b665806093 . _:b665797850 . _:b663913299 "Every process boundary occupies_temporal_region a zero-dimensional temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [085-002])"@en . _:b665798169 . _:b665805542 "GOC:GO"^^ . _:b665860703 . _:b663516200 . _:b663914223 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b665798335 . _:b666238578 . _:b665860702 . _:b665797844 . _:b663516201 . _:b665860701 . _:b665797845 . _:b663516206 . _:b665805386 "(forall (x) (if (exists (t) (and (existsAt x t) (Quality x))) (forall (t_1) (if (existsAt x t_1) (Quality x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [105-001] " . _:b665860700 . _:b665798185 "FBbt:00100316"^^ . _:b663516207 . _:b665798332 . _:b663516204 . _:b665797744 "A spatial region is a continuant entity that is a continuant_part_of spaceR as defined relative to some frame R. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [035-001])"@en . _:b663516205 . _:b663520770 "(forall (x) (if (ObjectAggregate x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y z) (and (Object y) (Object z) (memberPartOfAt y x t) (memberPartOfAt z x t) (not (= y z)))))) (not (exists (w t_1) (and (memberPartOfAt w x t_1) (not (Object w)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [025-004] " . _:b663516178 . _:b665798305 . _:b665798779 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b665805426 "(iff (OneDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [032-001] " . _:b663516179 . _:b665863048 . _:b663516176 . _:b665798158 . _:b665863049 . _:b665798311 . _:b663516177 . _:b665863050 . _:b665798530 "Specifically dependent continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. We're not sure what else will develop here, but for example there are questions such as what are promises, obligation, etc."@en . _:b663516182 . _:b666209028 . _:b665863051 . _:b663520177 . _:b665860708 . _:b663516183 . _:b665798308 . _:b665863044 . _:b663520178 . _:b665860707 . _:b663516180 . _:b665863045 . _:b665860706 . _:b663516181 . _:b665798314 . _:b665863046 . _:b665860705 . _:b665861453 "BTO:0001307"^^ . _:b663516186 . _:b663913409 . _:b665863047 . _:b665798152 . _:b665860704 . _:b663516187 . _:b665798909 . _:b665863040 . _:b665861538 "ncithesaurus:Duodenum"^^ . _:b666238587 . _:b663516184 . _:b665863041 . _:b663516185 . _:b666238521 . _:b665798155 . _:b663516190 . _:b665806182 . _:b665798317 . _:b665798156 . _:b663516191 . _:b665798161 . _:b666238574 . _:b666208681 "a zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a fiat point whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [031-001])"@en . _:b663516188 . _:b666238575 . _:b665797839 . _:b666238588 . _:b663516189 . _:b665860753 "2012-08-14"^^ . _:b665863166 . _:b663516162 . _:b665863167 . _:b663516163 . _:b665806179 . _:b665806181 . _:b663516160 . _:b663516161 . _:b665798147 . _:b663516166 . _:b666238483 . _:b663516167 . _:b665797972 . _:b663516164 . _:b665806184 . _:b665798150 . _:b663516165 . _:b665798456 . _:b663516170 . _:b665806186 . _:b663516171 . _:b663516168 . _:b665798459 . _:b663520958 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b663913436 . _:b663516169 . _:b665862208 "AAO:0000145"^^ . _:b663516174 . _:b663516175 . _:b665798462 . _:b665798417 . _:b663913435 . _:b663516172 . _:b665806160 . _:b663516173 . _:b665798432 . _:b663913370 . _:b665861198 "b is an occurrent entity iff b is an entity that has temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [079-001])"@en . _:b663520897 . _:b663516658 . _:b665806162 . _:b663914177 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b663516659 . _:b665862139 "A subdivision of the digestive tract that connects the small intestine to the cloaca or anus. Lacks or has few villi[Kardong]."^^ . _:b663516656 . _:b663516657 . _:b663520903 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b663516662 . _:b665806174 . _:b666238903 "(forall (x) (if (ObjectAggregate x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y z) (and (Object y) (Object z) (memberPartOfAt y x t) (memberPartOfAt z x t) (not (= y z)))))) (not (exists (w t_1) (and (memberPartOfAt w x t_1) (not (Object w)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [025-004] " . _:b663516663 . _:b665806169 . _:b665797956 . _:b665863140 . _:b663516660 . _:b665806282 . _:b665863141 . _:b663516661 . _:b663520904 "Intestinal surface area also is increased in amphibians and reptiles by internal folds and occasionally by a few villi. The intestine can be divided into a small intestine and a slightly wider large intestine.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663516666 . _:b665806281 . _:b663516667 . _:b666238469 . _:b665806171 . _:b663516664 . _:b666238481 . _:b663516665 . _:b665806149 . _:b663516670 . _:b665797965 . _:b663516671 . _:b665806151 . _:b663516668 . _:b666238472 . _:b665806291 . _:b663516669 . _:b665806145 . _:b666238478 . _:b663516642 . _:b663516643 . _:b665806147 . _:b665863128 . _:b665798143 . _:b663516640 . _:b666238491 . _:b663516641 . _:b663515813 "(iff (ProcessProfile a) (exists (b) (and (Process b) (processProfileOf a b)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [093-002] " . _:b663516646 . _:b663516647 . _:b663913323 "zero dimension continuant fiat boundaries are not spatial points. Considering the example 'the quadripoint where the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona meet' : There are many frames in which that point is zooming through many points in space. Whereas, no matter what the frame, the quadripoint is always in the same relation to the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona."@en . _:b663516644 . _:b663516645 . _:b665798424 . _:b663516650 . _:b665806154 . . _:b663516651 . _:b663516648 . _:b663516649 . _:b665798428 . _:b665860743 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b663520252 "blind intestine"^^ . _:b665798209 . _:b663516654 . _:b665863123 . _:b665860742 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b663516655 . _:b663516652 . _:b663516653 . _:b666238093 "An occurrent is an entity that unfolds itself in time or it is the instantaneous boundary of such an entity (for example a beginning or an ending) or it is a temporal or spatiotemporal region which such an entity occupies_temporal_region or occupies_spatiotemporal_region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [077-002])"@en . _:b666238569 . _:b663516626 . _:b663516627 . _:b663516624 . _:b663516625 . _:b663914261 . _:b665860648 "VHOG:0000054"^^ . _:b665860729 "The terminal portion of the large intestine between the ileo-pelvic colon and the anus. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663516630 . _:b663914260 . _:b663516631 . _:b665860745 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b663914239 "UMLS:C0014876"^^ . _:b663516628 . _:b665860744 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b663516629 . _:b665798408 . _:b663516634 . _:b665806087 "b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002])"@en . _:b663516635 . _:b666238564 . _:b663516632 . _:b663516633 . _:b665806107 . _:b663913256 "(forall (x y) (if (and (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (SpatioTemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [096-001] " . _:b665798564 "b is a continuant fiat boundary = Def. b is an immaterial entity that is of zero, one or two dimensions and does not include a spatial region as part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [029-001])"@en . _:b663516638 . _:b665798413 . _:b663516639 . _:b665806109 . _:b663516636 . _:b665806108 . _:b663516637 . _:b665797906 . _:b665806111 . _:b663516610 . _:b665806110 . _:b663516611 . _:b663516608 . _:b663516609 . _:b665797910 . _:b663516614 . _:b666238943 "A history is a process that is the sum of the totality of processes taking place in the spatiotemporal region occupied by a material entity or site, including processes on the surface of the entity or within the cavities to which it serves as host. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [138-001])"@en . _:b663516615 . _:b663516612 . _:b663516613 . _:b663516794 "The terminal region of the mid intestine is comprised of specialized enterocytes that appear to play a role in mucosal immunity. Wallace et al, 2005.[TAO]"^^ . _:b663516618 . _:b665797675 . _:b665805536 "intestinum crassum"^^ . _:b663516619 . _:b665797674 . _:b665797673 . _:b663516616 . _:b666208954 . _:b663516617 . _:b665797918 . _:b663516622 . _:b666238972 . _:b663516623 . _:b663516620 . _:b666209686 "UMLS:C0020885"^^ . _:b663516621 . _:b665797890 . _:b665806127 . _:b663516594 . _:b663516595 . _:b665806113 . _:b663516592 . _:b665797895 . _:b665805407 "(iff (GenericallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (exists (b t) (genericallyDependsOnAt a b t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [074-001] " . _:b665806112 . _:b666208946 . _:b663516593 . _:b665806115 . _:b663516598 . _:b665806114 . _:b663516599 . _:b666208949 . _:b663516596 . _:b665806116 . _:b663516597 . _:b666208951 . _:b663516602 . _:b663516603 . _:b663516600 . _:b663516826 "intestinum ileum"^^ . _:b663516601 . _:b663516606 . _:b665797901 . _:b663516607 . _:b665805528 . _:b663516604 . _:b663516605 . _:b663516578 . _:b666208896 . _:b663516579 . _:b665797677 . _:b663516576 . _:b665806128 . _:b663516577 . _:b666238700 . _:b663516582 . _:b666238740 . _:b666238694 . _:b663516583 . _:b666238705 . _:b663516580 . _:b666238702 . _:b663516581 . _:b665805545 "UMLS:C0021853"^^ . _:b663516586 . _:b665797945 . _:b665860449 "Simons uses different terminology for relations of occurrents to regions: Denote the spatio-temporal location of a given occurrent e by 'spn[e]' and call this region its span. We may say an occurrent is at its span, in any larger region, and covers any smaller region. Now suppose we have fixed a frame of reference so that we can speak not merely of spatio-temporal but also of spatial regions (places) and temporal regions (times). The spread of an occurrent, (relative to a frame of reference) is the space it exactly occupies, and its spell is likewise the time it exactly occupies. We write 'spr[e]' and `spl[e]' respectively for the spread and spell of e, omitting mention of the frame." . _:b666238697 . _:b663516587 . _:b666238689 . _:b663516584 . _:b666238708 . _:b665797951 . _:b663516585 . _:b666238693 . _:b666238749 . _:b666238703 . _:b663516590 . _:b666238714 . _:b663516591 . _:b665860468 "All parts of temporal regions are temporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [101-001])"@en . _:b666238159 "(forall (x) (if (ThreeDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [040-001] " . _:b663516588 . _:b665806156 . _:b663913498 "MA"^^ . _:b663516589 . _:b663520808 "A zero-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is without extent. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [102-001])"@en . _:b665806157 . . _:b666238688 . _:b663516562 . _:b665806158 . _:b666238698 . _:b663516563 . _:b665806159 . _:b666238717 . _:b663516560 . _:b666238691 . _:b663516561 . _:b663516566 . _:b665798625 . _:b663516567 . _:b665806147 . _:b666238690 . _:b666238718 . _:b663516564 . _:b665806148 . _:b663516565 . _:b665863037 "The first two fifth of the small intestine beyond the duodenum. It extends from the end of the duodenum to the ileum. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b666238707 . _:b663516570 . _:b665805614 "MP:0000492"^^ . _:b663516571 . _:b663516568 . _:b663521047 "NCBITaxon:9606"^^ . _:b666238722 . _:b666238715 . _:b663516569 . _:b666238696 . _:b663516574 . _:b666238709 . _:b663516575 . _:b666238711 . _:b663516572 . _:b666238699 . _:b666238716 . _:b663516573 . _:b665798098 . _:b663516546 . _:b665798586 . _:b663516547 . _:b666238731 . _:b665806160 . _:b666238706 . _:b663516544 . _:b665798103 . _:b665806161 . _:b666238712 . _:b663516545 . _:b666238773 . _:b666238663 . _:b663516550 . _:b666238672 . _:b665798590 . _:b663516551 . _:b663520215 "WP:Stomach#In_other_animals"^^ . _:b665798591 . _:b666238670 . _:b663516548 . _:b665862089 . _:b666238660 . _:b663516549 . _:b665862041 . _:b663516554 . _:b665798585 . _:b663516555 . _:b666238657 . _:b663516552 . _:b666238666 . _:b666209685 "VHOG:0000647"^^ . _:b666238678 . _:b663516553 . _:b665860924 . _:b665798033 . _:b666238671 . _:b666238681 . _:b663516558 . _:b665798109 . _:b666239230 . _:b663516559 . _:b666239231 . _:b666239228 . _:b666239229 . _:b666239226 . _:b663516556 . _:b666239227 . _:b666239224 . _:b666238662 . _:b665860927 . _:b666239225 . _:b665798739 . _:b666239222 . _:b666208911 "Intestinal surface area also is increased in amphibians and reptiles by internal folds and occasionally by a few villi. The intestine can be divided into a small intestine and a slightly wider large intestine.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663516557 . _:b666239223 . _:b666239220 . _:b666239221 . _:b666238667 . _:b665797731 "Simons uses different terminology for relations of occurrents to regions: Denote the spatio-temporal location of a given occurrent e by 'spn[e]' and call this region its span. We may say an occurrent is at its span, in any larger region, and covers any smaller region. Now suppose we have fixed a frame of reference so that we can speak not merely of spatio-temporal but also of spatial regions (places) and temporal regions (times). The spread of an occurrent, (relative to a frame of reference) is the space it exactly occupies, and its spell is likewise the time it exactly occupies. We write 'spr[e]' and `spl[e]' respectively for the spread and spell of e, omitting mention of the frame." . _:b666208895 . _:b666239218 . _:b663516530 . _:b666239219 . _:b666239216 . _:b666238776 . _:b666239217 . _:b666239214 . _:b663516531 . _:b666239215 . _:b666239212 . _:b666239213 . _:b666239210 . _:b663516528 . _:b666238687 . _:b665806179 . _:b666239211 . _:b666239208 . _:b665862132 . _:b666239209 . _:b666239206 . _:b663516529 . _:b666239207 . _:b666239204 . _:b666238528 . _:b666239205 . _:b665798742 . _:b666239202 . _:b663516534 . _:b666208886 "UMLS:C0009368"^^ . _:b666239203 . _:b666239200 . _:b666238684 . _:b666239201 . _:b666239198 . _:b663516535 . _:b666238659 . _:b665861491 "intestinum crassum cecum"^^ . _:b666239199 . _:b666239196 . _:b666238759 . _:b666239197 . _:b666239194 . _:b663516532 . _:b666239195 . _:b666239192 . _:b666239193 . _:b666238676 . _:b666239190 . _:b663516533 . _:b666239191 . _:b666239188 . _:b665862137 . _:b666239189 . _:b666239186 . _:b663516538 . _:b666239187 . _:b666239184 . _:b666239185 . _:b666239182 . _:b663516539 . _:b665806180 . _:b666239183 . _:b666239180 . _:b666239181 . _:b666239178 . _:b666238682 . _:b665798750 . _:b663516536 . _:b666239179 . _:b666239176 . _:b666239177 . _:b666239174 . _:b665798749 . _:b663516537 . _:b666239175 . _:b666239172 . _:b666239173 . _:b666239170 . _:b665798748 . _:b663516542 . _:b666239171 . _:b666239168 . _:b666239169 . _:b666238851 "A spatial region is a continuant entity that is a continuant_part_of spaceR as defined relative to some frame R. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [035-001])"@en . _:b666239166 . _:b665798755 . _:b663516543 . _:b666239167 . _:b666239164 . _:b666239165 . _:b666238685 . _:b666239162 . _:b663516540 . _:b666239163 . _:b665798212 _:b665798218 . _:b666239160 . _:b666239161 . _:b666239158 . _:b666238679 . _:b665798753 . _:b663516541 . _:b666239159 . _:b666239156 . _:b665861275 "(forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [103-001] " . _:b666239157 . _:b666238669 . _:b666239154 . _:b663516514 . _:b666239155 . _:b666239152 . _:b666239153 . _:b666239150 . _:b666238673 . _:b663516515 . _:b666239151 . _:b666239148 . _:b666238675 . _:b666239149 . _:b666239146 . _:b663516512 . _:b666239147 . _:b665798166 . _:b666239144 . _:b666239145 . _:b666239142 . _:b666238680 . _:b663516513 . _:b666239143 . _:b665798134 . _:b666239140 . _:b666239141 . _:b666239138 . _:b663516518 . _:b666239139 . _:b666239136 . _:b666238629 . _:b665798782 "VHOG:0000648"^^ . _:b666239137 . _:b666239134 . _:b663516519 . _:b666239135 . _:b663520771 "A three-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of three dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [040-001])"@en . _:b665798203 . _:b666239132 . _:b666239133 . _:b666239130 . _:b663516516 . _:b666239131 . _:b665805615 "VHOG:0001751"^^ . _:b666239128 . _:b665798010 . _:b666239129 . _:b666239126 . _:b666238639 . _:b663516517 . _:b666239127 . _:b663913547 . _:b665798163 . _:b666239124 . _:b666239125 . _:b666239122 . _:b663516522 . _:b666239123 . _:b666239120 . _:b666239121 . _:b666239118 . _:b663516523 . _:b666239119 . _:b666239116 . _:b666238626 . _:b666239117 . _:b666238634 . _:b666239114 . _:b666238625 . _:b663516520 . _:b666239115 . _:b666239112 . _:b666239113 . _:b666239110 . _:b663516521 . _:b666239111 . _:b666239108 . _:b666239109 . _:b666239106 . _:b665861184 . _:b663516526 . _:b666239107 . _:b666239104 . _:b666239105 . _:b666239102 . _:b663516527 . _:b666239103 . _:b666239100 . _:b666239101 . _:b666238637 . _:b666239098 . _:b663516524 . _:b666239099 . _:b666239096 . _:b666238628 . _:b666239097 . _:b666239094 . _:b663516525 . _:b666239095 . _:b665798114 . _:b666239092 . _:b666239093 . _:b666239090 . _:b666238635 . _:b663516498 . _:b666239091 . _:b663913366 . _:b665798180 . _:b666239088 . _:b666239089 . _:b666239086 . _:b665798775 . _:b663516499 . _:b666239087 . _:b666239084 . _:b666239085 . _:b666239082 . _:b665798774 . _:b663516496 . _:b666239083 . _:b666239080 . _:b666238624 . _:b666239081 . _:b666238632 . _:b666239078 . _:b663516497 . _:b666239079 . _:b666239076 . _:b666239077 . _:b666238647 . _:b663913287 "b is an object aggregate means: b is a material entity consisting exactly of a plurality of objects as member_parts at all times at which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [025-004])"@en . _:b666239074 . _:b663516502 . _:b666238627 . _:b666239075 . _:b666239072 . _:b666238788 . _:b666239073 . _:b666238654 . _:b666239070 . _:b663516503 . _:b666239071 . _:b665798177 . _:b666239068 . _:b666239069 . _:b666239066 . _:b666238645 . _:b665798778 . _:b663516500 . _:b666239067 . _:b666239064 . _:b666239065 . _:b666239062 . _:b663516501 . _:b666238630 . _:b666239063 . _:b666239060 . _:b666239061 . _:b666239058 . _:b663516506 . _:b666239059 . _:b666239056 . _:b663516546 "Every entity which has a material entity as continuant part is a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [020-002])"@en . _:b666238642 . _:b666239057 . _:b666239054 . _:b663516507 . _:b666239055 . _:b666239052 . _:b666238649 . _:b666239053 . _:b666239050 . _:b663516504 . _:b666239051 . _:b665798127 . _:b666239048 . _:b663913591 . _:b666239049 . _:b666239046 . _:b666238640 . _:b663516505 . _:b666239047 . _:b666239044 . _:b666239045 . _:b666239042 . _:b666238655 . _:b663516510 . _:b666239043 . _:b666239040 . _:b666238796 . _:b665798175 . _:b666239041 . _:b666239038 . _:b665862706 . _:b663516511 . _:b666239039 . _:b666239036 . _:b666239037 . _:b666239034 . _:b665862707 . _:b663516508 . _:b666238644 . _:b666239035 . _:b666239032 . _:b666239033 . _:b666238652 . _:b666239030 . _:b663516509 . _:b666239031 . _:b666239028 . _:b666239029 . _:b666239026 . _:b663516482 . _:b666239027 . _:b666239024 . _:b666238792 . _:b666239025 . _:b665798650 . _:b666238650 . _:b666239022 . _:b663516483 . _:b666239023 . _:b666239020 . _:b663913596 . _:b666239021 . _:b665798651 . _:b666239018 . _:b663516480 . _:b666239019 . _:b666239016 . _:b666239017 . _:b666239014 . _:b663516481 . _:b666239015 . _:b666239012 . _:b666239013 . _:b666239010 . _:b663516486 . _:b666239011 . _:b665798645 . _:b666239008 . _:b666238606 . _:b666239009 . _:b666239006 . _:b666238598 . _:b665862714 . _:b663516487 . _:b666239007 . _:b666239004 . _:b666239005 . _:b665798655 . _:b666238397 "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665862715 . _:b666239002 . _:b663516484 . _:b666238609 . _:b666239003 . _:b666239000 . _:b666239001 . _:b665798640 . _:b665862716 . _:b666238998 . _:b663516485 . _:b666238614 . _:b666238999 . _:b665798042 . _:b666238996 . _:b666238997 . _:b666238994 . _:b665862717 . _:b663516490 . _:b666238995 . _:b665798649 . _:b666238992 . _:b666238993 . _:b666238990 . _:b663516491 . _:b666238612 . _:b666238991 . _:b666238988 . _:b666238601 . _:b666238989 . _:b666238593 . _:b665798643 . _:b666238986 . _:b663516488 . _:b666238987 . _:b666238984 . _:b666238985 . _:b665798644 . _:b665862679 . _:b666238982 . _:b663516489 . _:b666238618 . _:b666238983 . _:b666238980 . _:b666238981 . _:b666238978 . _:b666238607 . _:b665862689 . _:b665862678 . _:b663516494 . _:b666238979 . _:b666238976 . _:b666238977 . _:b665798646 . _:b665862690 . _:b665862677 . _:b663516495 . _:b665798654 . _:b666238597 . _:b663516492 . _:b665798632 . _:b663516576 . _:b663516493 . _:b665798633 . _:b663516466 . _:b666238623 . _:b665862694 . _:b666238592 . _:b663516467 . _:b663516656 . _:b666238604 . _:b665798635 . _:b665862695 . _:b665861447 . _:b663516464 . _:b666238621 . _:b663520039 "(forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [103-001] " . _:b665861446 . _:b663516465 . _:b666208582 "Every occurrent occupies_spatiotemporal_region some spatiotemporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [108-001])"@en . _:b663516470 . _:b666238611 . _:b665798119 . _:b665798638 . _:b665862685 . _:b663516471 . _:b666238608 . _:b665862684 . _:b663516468 . _:b666238822 . _:b665798624 . _:b665862683 . _:b663516469 . _:b666238619 . _:b665798625 . _:b665862701 . _:b665862682 . _:b663516474 . _:b665862681 . _:b663516475 . _:b666238596 . _:b665798634 . _:b665798505 "Each spatiotemporal region at any time t projects_onto some spatial region at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [099-001])"@en . _:b666238819 . _:b665862680 . _:b663516472 . _:b665806132 "(forall (x) (if (exists (t) (and (existsAt x t) (Quality x))) (forall (t_1) (if (existsAt x t_1) (Quality x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [105-001] " . _:b666238613 . _:b665798628 . _:b665861454 . _:b663516473 . _:b665861936 "(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (continuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [009-002] " . _:b666238615 . _:b665798629 . _:b665861453 . _:b663516478 . _:b666238603 . _:b665798630 . _:b665861452 . _:b663516479 . _:b666238600 . _:b666238622 . _:b665797933 . _:b665861451 . _:b665798631 . _:b663516476 . _:b665798639 . _:b666238617 . _:b665797934 . _:b665861450 . _:b665798616 . _:b663516477 . _:b665798608 . _:b665798061 "2012-08-14"^^ . _:b666238825 . _:b665797935 . _:b665861449 . _:b665798617 . _:b663516450 . _:b666238610 . _:b665798618 . _:b665861448 . _:b663516451 . _:b665797920 . _:b666238089 "(forall (x) (if (Continuant x) (Entity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [008-002] " . _:b666238620 . _:b665797921 . _:b665862679 . _:b665798619 . _:b663516448 . _:b666238605 . _:b665798620 . _:b666238616 . _:b665862680 . _:b663516449 . _:b665798612 . _:b665797923 . _:b665862681 . _:b665798621 . _:b663516454 . _:b665797924 . _:b665798622 . _:b663516455 . _:b663516452 . _:b665797925 . _:b665797926 . _:b665861183 . _:b663516453 . _:b665798609 . _:b663516458 . _:b663516459 . _:b663913484 . _:b665798124 . _:b665797784 "Specifically dependent continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. We're not sure what else will develop here, but for example there are questions such as what are promises, obligation, etc."@en . _:b663516456 . _:b663516457 . _:b665798613 . _:b663516462 . _:b663516463 . _:b665862220 "MP:0000492"^^ . _:b663516460 . _:b666238546 . _:b665798623 . _:b665798051 . _:b663516461 . _:b665798087 . _:b665798601 . _:b663516434 . _:b665798602 . _:b663516435 . _:b666238545 . _:b665798035 "2012-08-14"^^ . _:b665862787 "requested by Melanie Courtot" . _:b665806199 . _:b665798603 . _:b663516432 . _:b665806196 . _:b665798604 . _:b663516433 . _:b665798596 . _:b665806198 . _:b665806197 . _:b665798605 . _:b663516438 . _:b663520915 "ncithesaurus:Intestine"^^ . _:b665798606 . _:b663516439 . _:b663913472 . _:b666239324 . _:b666239325 . _:b665798607 . _:b666239322 . _:b663516436 . _:b666239323 . _:b666239320 . _:b666239321 . _:b666238944 . _:b666239318 . _:b663516437 . _:b666239319 . _:b666239316 . _:b665797905 . _:b666239317 . _:b665806193 . _:b666239314 . _:b663516442 . _:b666239315 . _:b663520823 "url:http://www2.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/mwmednlm?book=Medical&va=anatomic" . _:b666239312 . _:b666239313 . _:b666239310 . _:b663516443 . _:b666239311 . _:b666239308 . _:b666239309 . _:b666239306 . _:b663516440 . _:b666239307 . _:b666239304 . _:b665806204 . _:b666239305 . _:b666239302 . _:b663516441 . _:b666239303 . _:b666239300 . _:b666239301 . _:b665797840 . _:b666238451 "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665862769 . _:b666239298 . _:b665798597 . _:b663516446 . _:b665862697 "(forall (x t) (if (and (IndependentContinuant x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (Entity y) (specificallyDependsOnAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [018-002] " . _:b666239299 . _:b666239296 . _:b666239297 . _:b666239294 . _:b665862770 . _:b663516447 . _:b666239295 . _:b666239292 . _:b666239293 . _:b666239290 . _:b663516444 . _:b666239291 . _:b666239288 . _:b665806569 . _:b666239289 . _:b665798200 . _:b666239286 . _:b663516445 . _:b666239287 . _:b665798192 . _:b663913531 . _:b665797714 . _:b666239284 . _:b666239285 . _:b666239282 . _:b663516418 . _:b666239283 . _:b666239280 . _:b666239281 . _:b666239278 . _:b663516419 . _:b666239279 . _:b666239276 . _:b665797892 . _:b666239277 . _:b665798203 . _:b666239274 . _:b663516416 . _:b666239275 . _:b666239272 . _:b666239273 . _:b665798204 . _:b666238956 . _:b666239270 . _:b663516417 . _:b665861525 "2012-08-14"^^ . _:b666239271 . _:b666239268 . _:b666239269 . _:b666239266 . _:b665862055 . _:b663516422 . _:b666239267 . _:b665798106 . _:b666239264 . _:b665797717 . _:b666239265 . _:b665798206 . _:b666238394 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b666239262 . _:b663516423 . _:b666239263 . _:b666239260 . _:b666239261 . _:b666239258 . _:b666238533 . _:b663516420 . _:b666239259 . _:b665798199 . _:b666239256 . _:b666239257 . _:b666239254 . _:b663516421 . _:b666239255 . _:b666239252 . _:b666239253 . _:b665798193 . _:b666238955 "url:http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf" . _:b666239250 . _:b663516426 . _:b666239251 . _:b665798048 . _:b666239248 . _:b666239249 . _:b665862068 . _:b666239246 . _:b663516427 . _:b666239247 . _:b666239244 . _:b666239245 . _:b666239242 . _:b663516424 . _:b666239243 . _:b665806188 . _:b666239240 . _:b666239241 . _:b665798196 . _:b666208779 "Intestinal surface area also is increased in amphibians and reptiles by internal folds and occasionally by a few villi. The intestine can be divided into a small intestine and a slightly wider large intestine.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b666239238 . _:b663516425 . _:b666239239 . _:b666239236 . _:b666239237 . _:b665798197 . _:b666239234 . _:b663516430 . _:b666239235 . _:b665798205 . _:b666239232 . _:b665862215 "4"^^ . _:b666239233 . _:b665798198 . _:b663516431 . _:b665806187 . _:b665862061 . _:b663516428 . _:b665805432 "(iff (RelationalQuality a) (exists (b c t) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (IndependentContinuant c) (qualityOfAt a b t) (qualityOfAt a c t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [057-001] " . _:b666238348 "We restrict this to the vertebrate specific structure - see the grouping class 'food storage organ' for analogous structures in other species. Teleosts: Zebrafish is functionally stomach-less, but may retain ontogenic footprint. Although the precise shape and size of the stomach varies widely among different vertebrates, the relative positions of the oesophageal and duodenal openings remain relatively constant. As a result, the organ always curves somewhat to the left before curving back to meet the pyloric sphincter. However, lampreys, hagfishes, chimaeras, lungfishes, and some teleost fish have no stomach at all, with the oesophagus opening directly into the intestine. The gastric lining is usually divided into two regions, an anterior portion lined by fundic glands, and a posterior with pyloric glands. Cardiac glands are unique to mammals, and even then are absent in a number of species. The distributions of these glands vary between species, and do not always correspond with the same regions as in man. Furthermore, in many non-human mammals, a portion of the stomach anterior to the cardiac glands is lined with epithelium essentially identical to that of the oesophagus. Ruminants, in particular, have a complex stomach, the first three chambers of which are all lined with oesophageal mucosa"^^ . _:b665798014 . _:b663516429 . _:b665798176 . _:b665797698 . _:b663516914 . _:b665861528 . _:b665862774 . _:b665798186 . _:b663516915 . _:b665862775 . _:b666209612 "A pouch in the digestive tract that connects the ileum with the ascending colon of the large intestine. It is separated from the ileum by the ileocecal valve, and is the beginning of the large intestine. It is also separated from the colon by the cecocolic junction."^^ . _:b665862065 . _:b663516912 . _:b665798058 . _:b665797703 . _:b665862776 . _:b665798002 . _:b665798773 "intestinum crassum cecum"^^ . _:b665798188 . _:b663516913 . _:b663913530 . _:b663516918 . _:b665862033 "b is a process_profile =Def. there is some process c such that b process_profile_of c (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [093-002])"@en . _:b663516919 . _:b665861499 "2012-08-14"^^ . _:b665805604 "MA"^^ . _:b665862763 . _:b665798191 . _:b663516916 . _:b666239168 "2012-08-14"^^ . _:b663516917 . _:b665797671 . _:b665798007 . _:b665798177 . _:b663516922 . _:b665798044 . _:b663516923 . _:b663516920 . _:b666239122 _:b666239123 . _:b665798187 . _:b665797711 . _:b665797994 . _:b665862736 . _:b665798180 . _:b663516921 . _:b663913666 . _:b665798181 . _:b663516926 . _:b665797995 . _:b665798068 . _:b665861524 . _:b666238911 "A function is a disposition that exists in virtue of the bearer\u2019s physical make-up and this physical make-up is something the bearer possesses because it came into being, either through evolution (in the case of natural biological entities) or through intentional design (in the case of artifacts), in order to realize processes of a certain sort. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [064-001])"@en . _:b665797996 . _:b665798182 . _:b663913667 . _:b663516927 . _:b665860469 "Every temporal region t is such that t occupies_temporal_region t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [119-002])"@en . _:b665798041 . _:b665797708 . _:b665798183 . _:b663516924 . _:b666239113 _:b666239114 . _:b663516925 . _:b666239115 _:b666239116 . _:b665798169 . _:b663516898 . _:b663516899 . _:b665798162 . _:b663516896 . _:b665798887 . _:b663516897 . _:b665798038 . _:b663515760 "To say that b is a realizable entity is to say that b is a specifically dependent continuant that inheres in some independent continuant which is not a spatial region and is of a type instances of which are realized in processes of a correlated type. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [058-002])"@en . _:b665798173 . _:b663516902 . _:b665798174 . _:b663516903 . _:b665862954 "AAO:0000145"^^ . _:b665860678 . _:b665798175 . _:b663516900 . _:b665798078 . _:b663516901 . _:b666208710 . _:b665798168 . _:b665798161 . _:b663516906 . _:b665797976 . _:b663516907 . _:b665798163 . _:b663516904 . _:b665797977 . _:b665862708 . _:b665797978 . _:b663516905 . _:b665862709 . _:b663516910 . _:b665797979 . _:b665862710 . _:b665797980 . _:b665798166 . _:b663516911 . _:b665798056 . _:b663516908 . _:b665862704 . _:b665798152 . _:b663516909 . _:b665862705 . _:b663516882 . _:b663913692 . _:b665862706 . _:b665862726 . _:b663516883 . _:b665798560 "every entity of which a material entity is continuant part is also a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [021-002])"@en . _:b665798146 . _:b665862707 . _:b665798155 . _:b663516880 . _:b665798826 "MP:0004002"^^ . _:b665798156 . _:b663516881 . _:b663516886 . _:b666208940 "UMLS:C0020885"^^ . _:b665806289 "Portion of the alimentary canal bounded anteriorly by the pyloric sphincter and posteriorly by the cloacal sphincter.[AAO]"^^ . _:b665798158 . _:b665862730 . _:b663516887 . _:b665798029 . _:b663516884 . _:b665798151 . _:b663516885 . _:b665797975 . _:b663516890 . _:b665861929 . _:b666239142 "2012-08-14"^^ . _:b665797960 . _:b663516891 . _:b665797961 . _:b665798147 . _:b663516888 . _:b663516889 . _:b665797962 . _:b663516894 . _:b665798157 . _:b665797964 . _:b665798150 . _:b663516895 . _:b663516892 . _:b666239138 _:b666239139 . _:b665862136 . _:b663516893 . _:b665797967 . . _:b663516866 . _:b665797649 . _:b663516867 . _:b663516864 . _:b665805480 . _:b663516865 . _:b663516870 . _:b665797653 . _:b663516871 . _:b665862143 . _:b663516868 . _:b663516869 . _:b663516874 . _:b665797657 . _:b665806187 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infectious_disease" . _:b663516875 . _:b665862130 . _:b665797991 . _:b665862131 . _:b663516872 . _:b665797663 . _:b665798167 . _:b665862787 . _:b663516873 . _:b665862133 . _:b663516878 . _:b665862134 . _:b663516879 . _:b665798270 . _:b665797660 . _:b665798077 . _:b663516876 . _:b665862135 . _:b663516877 . _:b665797634 . _:b663913910 . _:b663516850 . _:b663520030 "b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001])"@en . _:b665862789 . _:b663516851 . _:b665797993 . _:b665862788 . _:b663516848 . _:b665798066 . _:b663516849 . _:b663516854 . _:b665797637 . _:b663516855 . _:b665860728 "the terminal portion of the intestinal tube, terminating with the anus"^^ . _:b663516852 . _:b665797643 . _:b663516853 . _:b663520169 "UMLS:C0021853"^^ . _:b663516858 . _:b663914028 "A one-dimensional spatial region is a line or aggregate of lines stretching from one point in space to another. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [038-001])"@en . _:b663516859 . _:b663914135 . _:b665797640 . _:b665797818 "b is a continuant fiat boundary = Def. b is an immaterial entity that is of zero, one or two dimensions and does not include a spatial region as part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [029-001])"@en . _:b665798057 . _:b663516856 . _:b665862207 "Tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach. In mammals, the oesophagus connects the buccal cavity with the stomach. The stratified squamous non-keratinised epithelium lining the buccal cavity is continued through the pharynx down into the oesophagus. The lowest part of the oesophagus (ca. 2 cm) is lined with gastric mucosa and covered by peritoneum. The main body of the oesophagus is lined with small, simple mucous glands. Each gland opens into the lumen by a long duct which pierces the muscularis mucosae (Wilson and Washington, 1989). A sphincter is situated at the point where the oesophagus enters the stomach to prevent gastro-oesophageal reflux, i.e. to prevent acidic gastric contents from reaching stratified epithelia of the oesophagus, where they can cause inflammation and irritation (Wilson and Washington, 1989; Brown et al., 1993)."^^ . _:b663516857 . _:b665797646 . _:b665862115 . _:b666209455 . _:b663516862 . _:b665798912 . _:b665798004 . _:b663516863 . . _:b663516860 . _:b665797683 . _:b663516861 . _:b665798224 . _:b663516834 . _:b663913227 "(forall (x) (if (Occurrent x) (exists (r) (and (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x r))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [108-001] " . _:b663516835 . _:b663516832 . _:b665797974 . _:b665797687 . _:b665798050 . _:b663914111 . _:b663516833 . _:b663913615 . _:b663516838 . _:b665798229 . _:b663516839 . _:b665861190 "(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (continuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [009-002] " . _:b665797968 . _:b665798053 . _:b663516836 . _:b665797969 . _:b663516837 . _:b665862096 . _:b665798054 . _:b665797971 . _:b665798055 . _:b663516842 . _:b665862097 . _:b663913613 . _:b663516843 . _:b663913612 . _:b663913621 . _:b665862102 . _:b663913628 . _:b663516840 . _:b663913901 . _:b663516841 . _:b665798423 . _:b665862247 "ncithesaurus:Colon"^^ . _:b663516846 . _:b665806070 . _:b665797693 . _:b666209417 "(iff (OneDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [032-001] " . _:b663516847 . _:b665805436 "a zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a fiat point whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [031-001])"@en . _:b665798045 . _:b663516844 . _:b663913618 . _:b666238442 "The first two fifth of the small intestine beyond the duodenum. It extends from the end of the duodenum to the ileum. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665798046 . _:b663516845 . _:b665806071 . _:b663516818 . _:b665798663 . _:b665798032 . _:b663516819 . _:b665806069 . _:b665862093 . _:b663516816 . _:b663516817 . _:b663516822 . _:b663516823 . _:b665862094 . _:b665797668 . _:b663516820 . _:b665862095 . _:b665806072 . _:b663516821 . _:b663913220 "(forall (x) (if (Continuant x) (Entity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [008-002] " . _:b666208922 "NCBITaxon:9606"^^ . _:b665798039 . _:b665798209 . _:b663516826 . _:b663913887 . _:b663516827 . _:b663516803 . _:b663516824 . _:b665862083 . _:b665797679 . _:b666209670 "proximal intestine"^^ . _:b663516825 . _:b665862084 . _:b663913639 . _:b663516830 . _:b665798028 . _:b663516831 . _:b663516828 . _:b663516829 . _:b665861232 "(iff (Process a) (and (Occurrent a) (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)) (exists (c t) (and (MaterialEntity c) (specificallyDependsOnAt a c t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [083-003] " . _:b663516802 . _:b665797841 . _:b665798016 . _:b663516803 . _:b665798322 . _:b663516671 "GOC:GO"^^ . _:b663516800 . _:b665861670 . _:b663516801 . . _:b665798419 . _:b663516806 . _:b663914269 "FMA"^^ . _:b663516807 . _:b665797981 . _:b663516804 . _:b663913642 . _:b665798421 . _:b663516805 . _:b665798420 . _:b663516810 . _:b663516811 . _:b665862021 "(forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [103-001] " . _:b663914093 . _:b665861673 . _:b663516808 . _:b665798331 . _:b665798137 . _:b665797922 . _:b663516809 . _:b666209667 "In fish, the divisions of the small intestine are not as clear, and the terms anterior intestine or proximal intestine may be used instead of duodenum."^^ . _:b665798138 . _:b665805816 . _:b663516814 . _:b663516815 . _:b665798140 . _:b665797852 . _:b665860930 _:b665860936 . _:b665798141 . _:b663516812 . _:b665797909 . . _:b665798142 . _:b663516813 . _:b665798304 . _:b665797927 . _:b663516786 . _:b663516787 . _:b665798129 . _:b663516784 . _:b665798631 . _:b663516785 . _:b663516790 . _:b663516791 . _:b665798132 . _:b665798121 . _:b665860562 . _:b663516788 . _:b663914152 . _:b665798133 . _:b665861664 . _:b663516789 . _:b663516794 . _:b665798313 . _:b665797936 . _:b663516795 . _:b663516792 . _:b665798122 . _:b663516793 . _:b665798123 . _:b663516798 . _:b665861637 . _:b665862718 "(forall (r) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [107-002] " . _:b663516799 . _:b665861638 . _:b666208932 . _:b663521141 "GO:0060465"^^ . _:b663516796 . _:b666208933 . _:b665798126 . _:b663521034 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b663516797 . _:b666238292 "UMLS:C0021851"^^ . _:b666208934 . _:b663913493 "UMLS:C0014876"^^ . _:b663516770 . _:b663516939 . _:b663516771 . _:b665798290 . _:b666208928 . _:b665798113 . _:b663516768 . _:b666208929 . _:b663516769 . _:b666208930 . _:b663516942 . _:b665861661 . _:b663516774 . _:b666208931 . _:b665798116 . _:b665861662 . _:b663516775 . _:b665798117 . _:b663516772 . _:b665798295 . _:b663516773 . _:b663516778 . _:b663914124 . _:b665861650 . _:b663516779 . _:b665797880 . _:b663516776 . _:b665861652 . _:b663516777 . _:b665798300 . _:b663516782 . _:b665798108 . _:b663516783 . _:b665861655 . _:b663516780 . _:b666208743 . _:b663516781 . _:b665798111 . _:b663516754 . _:b663519933 . _:b663516755 . _:b663516930 . _:b665798477 "Simons uses different terminology for relations of occurrents to regions: Denote the spatio-temporal location of a given occurrent e by 'spn[e]' and call this region its span. We may say an occurrent is at its span, in any larger region, and covers any smaller region. Now suppose we have fixed a frame of reference so that we can speak not merely of spatio-temporal but also of spatial regions (places) and temporal regions (times). The spread of an occurrent, (relative to a frame of reference) is the space it exactly occupies, and its spell is likewise the time it exactly occupies. We write 'spr[e]' and `spl[e]' respectively for the spread and spell of e, omitting mention of the frame." . _:b663516752 . _:b665798275 . _:b663516931 . _:b663516753 . _:b663914248 "the terminal portion of the intestinal tube, terminating with the anus"^^ . _:b666208697 . _:b663519928 . _:b665861645 . _:b663516758 . _:b663516933 . _:b665798661 . _:b665861646 . _:b663516759 . _:b665861647 . _:b663516756 . _:b663516757 . _:b665798280 . _:b665861633 . _:b663516762 . _:b663516763 . _:b665797864 . _:b663516760 . _:b665797909 . _:b663519923 . _:b663516761 . _:b663520312 "mid-intestine"^^ . _:b663516766 . _:b665798285 . _:b663516767 . _:b665797868 . _:b663913404 . _:b663519918 . _:b663516764 . _:b663913388 . _:b663516049 . _:b663516765 . _:b663516738 . _:b665798385 . _:b665862712 "(forall (x) (if (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [039-001] " . _:b663516739 . _:b666209680 "BTO:0000657"^^ . _:b663520290 "VHOG:0000055"^^ . _:b663516736 . _:b663914359 . _:b663516737 . _:b663914358 . _:b666209678 "BTO:0000657"^^ . _:b663516742 . _:b663516743 . _:b665806085 "(forall (x) (if (Occurrent x) (exists (r) (and (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x r))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [108-001] " . _:b663516740 . _:b665805388 . _:b665798086 . _:b663516741 . _:b665798118 . _:b665797759 "Each spatiotemporal region at any time t projects_onto some spatial region at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [099-001])"@en . _:b665805389 . _:b663516746 . _:b663516747 . _:b665798394 . _:b665805387 . _:b663516058 . _:b663516744 . _:b663516745 . _:b663914097 . _:b663914151 . _:b663914342 . _:b663516068 . _:b663516750 . _:b663914337 . _:b663516751 . _:b663516748 . _:b663516749 . _:b663516722 . _:b663914364 . _:b663516723 . _:b666208837 "ncithesaurus:Stomach"^^ . _:b665861930 . _:b663516720 . _:b663516077 . _:b663516721 . _:b663914367 . _:b663516726 . _:b665861929 . _:b666208591 "(iff (IndependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (not (exists (b t) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [017-002] " . _:b663516727 . _:b663914361 . _:b663516724 . _:b663516725 . _:b665798376 . _:b663516730 . . _:b663516731 . _:b665798640 . _:b663516728 . _:b663516729 . _:b663516734 . _:b663516735 . _:b663516732 . _:b663516733 . _:b663516706 . _:b663516707 . _:b663520788 "every entity of which a material entity is continuant part is also a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [021-002])"@en . _:b663913411 . _:b663516704 . _:b663516705 . _:b663516710 . _:b663516711 . _:b666209582 "WP:Stomach#In_other_animals"^^ . _:b665798358 . _:b665861524 "Subdivision of digestive tract that connects the stomach to the large intestine and is where much of the digestion and absorption of food takes place (with the exception of ruminants). The mammalian small intestine is long and coiled and can be differentiated histologically into: duodenum, jejunem, ileum[WP,cjm,Kardong]."^^ . _:b663516708 . _:b666238300 . _:b663516709 . _:b666238301 . _:b663516714 . _:b663516715 . _:b665805558 . _:b663516712 . _:b665805559 . _:b663515973 . _:b663516713 . _:b663516718 . _:b665861487 . _:b666238198 . _:b663516719 . _:b665860766 . _:b665861486 . _:b663516716 . _:b665798367 . _:b663914114 . _:b663516717 . _:b663516690 . _:b663913228 "(forall (x) (iff (Occurrent x) (and (Entity x) (exists (y) (temporalPartOf y x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [079-001] " . _:b663516691 . _:b663516688 . _:b666238291 . _:b663516689 . _:b665798340 . _:b663914127 . _:b665860538 "(iff (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ImmaterialEntity a) (exists (b) (and (or (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b)) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))) (not (exists (c t) (and (SpatialRegion c) (continuantPartOfAt c a t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [029-001] " . _:b663516694 . _:b663516695 . _:b663515862 . _:b663914015 "A zero-dimensional spatial region is a point in space. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [037-001])"@en . _:b663516692 . _:b663516693 . _:b663516698 . _:b663516699 . _:b663516696 . _:b663516697 . _:b663515884 . _:b663516702 . _:b665798349 . _:b663516703 . _:b663914276 . _:b663516700 . _:b663516701 . _:b663516674 . _:b665798172 . _:b663516675 . _:b663520711 "b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002])"@en . _:b663515986 . _:b663516672 . . . . _:b663516673 . . . _:b663516678 . . _:b663520248 "caecum"^^ . _:b663516679 . _:b663515998 . _:b663516676 . _:b666238396 . _:b663516677 . _:b666239170 "ncithesaurus:Small_Intestine"^^ . _:b663516682 . _:b666238397 . _:b663914136 . _:b663515899 . _:b663516683 . _:b663914293 . _:b663516680 . _:b663516681 . _:b663516686 . _:b663913268 "(forall (x) (if (RealizableEntity x) (and (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (inheresIn x y)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [058-002] " . _:b663516687 . _:b666238503 . _:b666238395 . _:b663516684 . _:b665798952 . _:b663516685 . _:b665798945 . _:b663914277 . _:b665861185 "Continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example, in an expansion involving bringing in some of Ceuster's other portions of reality, questions are raised as to whether universals are continuants"@en . _:b665798955 . _:b663516918 "diverticulum of gut"^^ . _:b665798600 "A disease of anatomical entity that is located_in the gastrointestinal tract." . _:b665797705 _:b665797709 . _:b665798951 . _:b665798944 . _:b665798946 . _:b665797700 _:b665797704 . _:b663914438 . _:b666238379 . _:b665798949 . _:b663520239 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663516023 . _:b665798950 . _:b666238372 . _:b665861141 . _:b665797831 . _:b665798937 . _:b663520227 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665798939 . _:b665797814 "every entity of which a material entity is continuant part is also a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [021-002])"@en . _:b663516815 "UMLS:C0022378"^^ . _:b665798933 . _:b665798942 . _:b666238945 "A primary bacterial infectious disease caused by the bacteria of the genus Salmonella. It has sypmtoms diarrhea, fever, vomiting, and abdominal cramps 12 to 72 hours after infection. In most cases, the illness lasts four to seven days, and most people recover without treatment." . _:b665798943 . _:b665798928 . _:b665805677 "NCBITaxon:9606"^^ . _:b665798929 . _:b665861188 "if b is a continuant and if, for some t, cis continuant_part of b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [009-002])"@en . _:b665798938 . _:b665806432 "ncithesaurus:Jejunum"^^ . _:b663515858 . _:b665798932 . _:b665798934 . _:b666238360 . _:b663520898 . _:b666238361 . _:b665798920 . _:b665798921 . _:b665798914 . _:b665798923 . _:b666238359 . _:b663515917 . _:b665806073 "if b is a continuant and if, for some t, c has_continuant_part b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [126-001])"@en . _:b665798926 . _:b665798927 . _:b665861139 . _:b665798912 . _:b663914331 "intestinum ileum"^^ . _:b665861137 . _:b665861138 . _:b666238348 . _:b665797690 _:b665797694 . _:b665798922 . _:b665798915 . _:b666238347 . _:b665805325 "Continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example, in an expansion involving bringing in some of Ceuster's other portions of reality, questions are raised as to whether universals are continuants"@en . _:b663913328 "A history is a process that is the sum of the totality of processes taking place in the spatiotemporal region occupied by a material entity or site, including processes on the surface of the entity or within the cavities to which it serves as host. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [138-001])"@en . _:b663515927 . _:b666238346 . _:b665798919 . _:b665861644 . _:b665797695 _:b665797699 . _:b666238165 "A function is a disposition that exists in virtue of the bearer\u2019s physical make-up and this physical make-up is something the bearer possesses because it came into being, either through evolution (in the case of natural biological entities) or through intentional design (in the case of artifacts), in order to realize processes of a certain sort. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [064-001])"@en . _:b665861641 . _:b665861667 . _:b666238558 . _:b663516011 "blind intestine"^^ . _:b665805689 "BTO:0000657"^^ . _:b665805687 "BTO:0000657"^^ . _:b665862015 "(forall (x) (if (Function x) (Disposition x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [064-001] " . _:b666238451 . _:b666209600 "4"^^ . _:b663520214 "VHOG"^^ . _:b666208569 "An entity is anything that exists or has existed or will exist. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [001-001])"@en . _:b666238434 "In humans, the duodenum is a hollow jointed tube about 10-15 inches (25-38 centimetres) long connecting the stomach to the jejunum. It begins with the duodenal bulb and ends at the ligament of Treitz."^^ . _:b663520168 "VHOG"^^ . _:b666238233 . _:b663914405 "The pharynx is the part of the digestive system immediately posterior to the mouth[GO]."^^ . _:b665805732 . _:b666238442 . _:b663516818 "BTO:0000657"^^ . . _:b663516816 "BTO:0000657"^^ . _:b663914374 . _:b666238434 . _:b665805442 . _:b666238432 . _:b663516936 . _:b666238433 . _:b663914388 . _:b663914129 . _:b663914380 . _:b665861639 . _:b663520303 "proximal intestine"^^ . _:b665806226 . _:b663914385 . _:b663516048 "The terminal region of the mid intestine is comprised of specialized enterocytes that appear to play a role in mucosal immunity. Wallace et al, 2005.[TAO]"^^ . _:b666209725 . _:b665860872 . _:b666238423 . _:b666238422 . _:b663913168 . _:b663520302 "ncithesaurus:Duodenum"^^ . _:b663520288 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b663516822 "MGI:csmith"^^ . _:b663516728 . _:b663516729 . _:b663516908 . _:b663516735 . _:b665862140 "VHOG:0000054"^^ . _:b663520395 "GO:0060465"^^ . _:b666238218 . _:b663914412 . _:b663914413 . _:b663913510 "A cecum is present in most amniote species, and also in lungfish, but not in any living species of amphibian. In reptiles, it is usually a single median structure, arising from the dorsal side of the large intestine. Birds typically have two paired ceca, as, unlike other mammals, do hyraxes. Most mammalian herbivores have a relatively large cecum, hosting a large number of bacteria, which aid in the enzymatic breakdown of plant materials such as cellulose; in many species, it is considerably wider than the colon. In contrast, obligatory carnivores, whose diets contain little or no plant material, have a reduced cecum, which is often partially or wholly replaced by the vermiform appendix. Many fish have a number of small outpocketings, called pyloric ceca, along their intestine; despite the name they are not homologous with the cecum of amniotes, and their purpose is to increase the overall area of the digestive epithelium.[2] Some invertebrates, such as squid,[3] may also have structures with the same name, but these have no relationship with those of vertebrates."^^ . _:b665861439 . _:b663516727 . . _:b665861424 . _:b663516712 . _:b665861425 . _:b663516713 . _:b665861426 . _:b666209753 . _:b665805714 . _:b665861428 . _:b666209438 . _:b663520158 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665797719 . _:b665797884 . _:b665797883 . _:b665861431 . _:b665797885 . _:b666209756 . _:b665797886 . _:b666238265 . _:b665805719 . _:b665797887 . _:b665797873 . _:b665797874 . _:b663516708 . _:b663914158 . _:b663516709 . _:b665805458 . _:b666238197 . _:b663516710 . _:b663516711 . _:b665861588 . _:b666209466 "1"^^ . _:b663913403 . _:b663516697 . _:b663516910 . _:b663516808 "proximal intestine"^^ . _:b666209465 "1"^^ . _:b663516700 . _:b666209790 . _:b665798514 "(iff (Process a) (and (Occurrent a) (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)) (exists (c t) (and (MaterialEntity c) (specificallyDependsOnAt a c t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [083-003] " . _:b665805447 . _:b665861570 . _:b665861583 . _:b663516896 . _:b665805442 . _:b663913399 . _:b663516693 . _:b665797858 . _:b663516694 . _:b663914435 . _:b666209626 "FMA"^^ . _:b663516899 . _:b663913523 "FMA"^^ . _:b663516695 . _:b666208721 . _:b665805441 . _:b665805453 . _:b665798082 "UMLS:C0022378"^^ . _:b665798221 . _:b665805452 . _:b666238243 . _:b665798220 . _:b666238167 "p is a process boundary =Def. p is a temporal part of a process & p has no proper temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [084-001])"@en . _:b666238835 "(forall (x) (if (Continuant x) (Entity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [008-002] " . _:b665861397 . _:b665798736 . _:b665805450 . _:b665861398 . _:b665805451 . _:b665861399 . _:b665861384 . _:b665861385 . _:b665860716 "AAO:0000145"^^ . _:b665861630 . _:b665861387 . _:b665797823 "b is a process_profile =Def. there is some process c such that b process_profile_of c (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [093-002])"@en . _:b665861388 . _:b663516913 . _:b665861389 . _:b665861390 . _:b666239144 . _:b665861627 . _:b666239143 . _:b666208705 . _:b666239142 . _:b665805339 "(forall (x) (if (Occurrent x) (exists (r) (and (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x r))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [108-001] " . _:b666239141 . _:b663516839 . _:b666239140 . _:b666239138 . _:b663914423 "diverticulum of gut"^^ . _:b666239137 . _:b663516799 . _:b665861496 . _:b665797845 . _:b666239179 "NCBITaxon:32443"^^ . _:b663520290 "Intestinal surface area also is increased in amphibians and reptiles by internal folds and occasionally by a few villi. The intestine can be divided into a small intestine and a slightly wider large intestine.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663516786 . _:b665797851 . _:b665798095 . _:b663516787 . _:b663516788 . _:b666208751 . _:b665861542 . _:b665860647 "A subdivision of the digestive tract that connects the small intestine to the cloaca or anus. Lacks or has few villi[Kardong]."^^ . _:b663516790 . _:b666209410 . _:b665797855 . _:b665861503 . _:b665798730 . _:b665861508 . _:b666209411 . _:b663516410 . _:b666209408 . _:b666209409 . _:b663516778 . _:b665806108 "All parts of spatiotemporal regions are spatiotemporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [096-001])"@en . _:b663516408 . _:b663516779 . _:b665805361 "A spatiotemporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of spacetime. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [095-001])"@en . _:b665861492 . _:b665806076 . _:b665861505 . _:b666209412 . _:b665806077 . _:b665806078 . _:b665861551 . _:b665806079 . _:b663516783 . _:b665861480 . _:b665806072 . _:b665806073 . _:b665806074 . _:b665806075 . _:b666239048 . _:b663516407 . _:b663516772 . _:b665806069 . _:b665806070 . _:b663516406 . _:b665806071 . _:b663516852 . _:b666239044 . _:b666239045 . _:b663516801 . _:b666239046 . _:b663516761 . _:b666239047 . _:b665805623 "UMLS:C0007531"^^ . _:b665860707 "BTO:0001307"^^ . _:b665861520 . _:b666238445 . _:b663516765 . _:b665861478 . _:b665861224 "Each spatiotemporal region projects_onto some temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [098-001])"@en . _:b663516822 "MP:0002581"^^ . _:b665861466 . _:b663516811 . _:b665806494 . _:b665806495 . _:b665861471 . _:b665861512 . _:b666238583 . _:b665861458 . _:b665861459 . _:b663516747 . _:b665861460 . _:b665861554 "VHOG:0000647"^^ . _:b663516820 . _:b663516749 . _:b663516857 . _:b666209055 . _:b663516023 "VHOG:0000648"^^ . _:b663516946 . _:b665861522 . _:b663516947 . . _:b663516944 . _:b663516945 . _:b666238584 . _:b663516740 . _:b663516950 . _:b663516951 . _:b663516948 . _:b665861440 . _:b663516949 . _:b663516856 . _:b665861441 . _:b665861442 . _:b663516207 . _:b663516952 . _:b665861443 . _:b665861532 . _:b663516859 . _:b665861444 . _:b663516862 . _:b663914045 "Every process boundary occupies_temporal_region a zero-dimensional temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [085-002])"@en . _:b665798713 . _:b663516930 . _:b663516849 . _:b665798714 . _:b663516931 . _:b663516850 . _:b665798715 . _:b663516928 . _:b663516929 . _:b665798717 . _:b663516781 . _:b665798709 . _:b663516934 . _:b663516935 . _:b663516068 "VHOG:0000053"^^ . _:b663516932 . _:b663516855 . _:b665798704 . _:b663516933 . _:b665797907 . _:b665862786 "(iff (TwoDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [033-001] " . _:b665798705 . _:b663516938 . _:b663516841 . _:b666209058 . _:b665862053 "A disease by infectious agent that results_in infection, has_material_basis_in Bacteria." . _:b665798706 . _:b663516854 . _:b663516939 . _:b665797998 "Anterior end of the alimentary canal lined with smooth muscle. Bounded anteriorly by a constriction in the pharynx. Bounded posteriorly by and increase in circular and/or longitudinal smooth muscle associated with the stomach.[AAO]"^^ . _:b665798707 . _:b663516936 . _:b665798708 . _:b663516937 . _:b665798716 . _:b665806140 . _:b665806535 . _:b665797911 . _:b663516844 . _:b663516942 . _:b665806141 . _:b665798710 . _:b663516943 . _:b665806142 . _:b663520158 "Intestinal surface area also is increased in amphibians and reptiles by internal folds and occasionally by a few villi. The intestine can be divided into a small intestine and a slightly wider large intestine.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663516846 . _:b663516559 "(iff (ProcessProfile a) (exists (b) (and (Process b) (processProfileOf a b)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [093-002] " . _:b663516791 . _:b665806143 . _:b663516940 . _:b665798696 . _:b663516941 . _:b665798688 . _:b665806136 . _:b665806137 . _:b665860902 "Branch or outpocketing of the digestive tract."^^ . _:b665806138 . _:b665861961 "Every temporal region t is such that t occupies_temporal_region t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [119-002])"@en . _:b665806560 . _:b665806139 . _:b665798700 . _:b665806561 . _:b665806132 . _:b665861493 . _:b665798701 . _:b665806133 . _:b663516208 . _:b665798707 . _:b665861550 . _:b665806134 . _:b665798694 . _:b665806135 . _:b665806128 . _:b665798689 . _:b663516737 . _:b665806129 . _:b665798690 . _:b666238210 . _:b665806130 . _:b665862291 "The first two fifth of the small intestine beyond the duodenum. It extends from the end of the duodenum to the ileum. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665806131 . _:b665798699 . _:b663914207 . _:b665806124 . _:b665861541 . _:b663516777 . _:b665806125 . _:b665806126 . _:b663913991 "(forall (x y) (if (and (TemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (TemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [101-001] " . _:b665798695 . _:b665806127 . _:b663520923 . _:b665798680 . _:b665806120 . _:b663520924 . _:b665798681 . _:b665806121 . _:b665798682 . _:b665861530 . _:b663516774 . _:b665806122 . _:b663516171 "Branch or outpocketing of the digestive tract."^^ . _:b665806123 . _:b663516819 . _:b663516851 . _:b665806116 . _:b665861445 . _:b665806117 . _:b665806118 . _:b665798023 "ceca"^^ . _:b665806119 . _:b663516771 . _:b665798672 . _:b665806112 . _:b665861455 . _:b665798673 . _:b665861521 . _:b665806113 . _:b665806114 . _:b663516810 . _:b665806115 . _:b665806374 . _:b665806108 . _:b665806375 . _:b665806109 . _:b666208787 . _:b665806110 . _:b665798679 . _:b665806111 . _:b665806370 . _:b665806104 . _:b665806371 . _:b665861457 . _:b665806105 . _:b663516789 . _:b665861514 . _:b665806369 . _:b665798666 . _:b663516080 "intestinum ileum"^^ . _:b663516762 . _:b665861502 . _:b665806106 . _:b665798667 . _:b665806107 . . _:b663521048 "UMLS:C0013303"^^ . _:b665798668 . _:b665806100 . _:b665798669 . _:b665861517 . _:b665806101 . _:b665798670 . _:b665806102 . _:b665861518 . _:b665798662 . _:b663914200 . _:b665861519 . _:b665798671 . _:b665806103 . _:b665806096 . _:b665806097 . _:b665806376 . _:b663516921 . _:b665798658 . _:b665806098 . _:b663515822 "(forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [102-001] " . _:b665806377 . _:b665798659 . _:b665806099 . _:b665861468 . _:b665798660 . _:b665806092 . _:b663516924 . _:b665798661 . _:b665861509 . _:b665806093 . _:b665806153 "(iff (GenericallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (exists (b t) (genericallyDependsOnAt a b t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [074-001] " . _:b665861510 . _:b665806094 . _:b665861944 "b is an occurrent entity iff b is an entity that has temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [079-001])"@en . _:b665798663 . _:b665806095 . _:b665806387 . _:b665806088 . _:b665806089 . _:b665805693 "ISBN:0-683-40008-8"^^ . _:b665798624 . _:b665798778 . _:b663516714 . _:b665806090 . _:b663516914 . _:b665806091 . _:b663516915 . _:b665863021 "BTO:0000651"^^ . _:b665806084 . _:b663914230 . _:b663516916 . _:b665806085 . _:b665806086 . _:b665806087 . _:b663516919 . _:b665861616 . _:b665806080 . _:b665806081 . _:b663516701 . _:b663516724 . _:b665806082 . _:b663516702 . _:b665861619 . _:b665806083 . _:b665798033 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b665861620 . _:b665806204 . _:b663914217 . _:b665806340 . . _:b665798774 . _:b663516726 . _:b663914216 . _:b665798775 . _:b665806338 . _:b665798760 . _:b663914218 . _:b665806339 . _:b663914213 . _:b665861622 . _:b665798762 . . _:b665861611 . _:b665806351 . _:b665806196 . _:b663914214 . _:b665806197 . _:b665861614 . _:b665806198 . _:b665861582 . _:b663516902 . _:b665806199 . _:b663520775 "b is an object means: b is a material entity which manifests causal unity of one or other of the types CUn listed above & is of a type (a material universal) instances of which are maximal relative to this criterion of causal unity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [024-001])"@en . _:b663516888 . _:b665798753 . _:b665806193 . _:b665861601 . _:b663516889 . _:b665861602 . _:b665798755 . _:b665806188 . _:b665861604 . _:b665861625 . _:b665861605 . _:b665798831 "middle intestine"^^ . _:b665861606 . _:b663519923 _:b663519927 . _:b665806184 . _:b663516880 . _:b665861593 . _:b665806185 . _:b665806186 . _:b665860735 "A pouch in the digestive tract that connects the ileum with the ascending colon of the large intestine. It is separated from the ileum by the ileocecal valve, and is the beginning of the large intestine. It is also separated from the colon by the cecocolic junction."^^ . _:b663913966 "(forall (x) (if (Continuant x) (Entity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [008-002] " . _:b665806187 . _:b663516883 . _:b665862974 . _:b665798748 . _:b663516704 . _:b665861596 . _:b665806180 . _:b665798749 . _:b665806181 . _:b665861597 . _:b663913333 . _:b663516885 . _:b665798750 . _:b666237933 . _:b665806182 . _:b665806362 . _:b666237925 . _:b663516707 . _:b665806183 . _:b663519928 _:b663519932 . _:b665806176 . _:b665806363 . _:b666237929 . _:b665798737 . _:b665806177 . _:b666237941 . _:b665861386 . _:b665862805 . _:b663520186 . _:b663516873 . _:b665861586 . _:b665798738 . _:b665806178 . _:b663516874 . _:b666237921 . _:b663516906 . _:b665861587 . _:b665798739 . _:b665806179 . _:b663516875 . _:b665860467 "A temporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of time as defined relative to some reference frame. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [100-001])"@en . _:b663516907 . _:b665798740 . _:b665806172 . _:b666237944 . _:b666238943 . _:b665798741 . _:b666237924 . _:b665806173 . _:b663519933 _:b663519937 . _:b666237934 . _:b665861590 . _:b665798742 . _:b665806174 . _:b665861391 . _:b665806175 . _:b665806434 . _:b665862967 . _:b666238881 "All realizable dependent continuants have independent continuants that are not spatial regions as their bearers. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [060-002])"@en . _:b666237927 . _:b665806168 . _:b665806435 . _:b665806432 . _:b665861577 . _:b665806169 . _:b663520301 "NCBITaxon:9606"^^ . _:b665861438 . _:b666237920 . _:b666237930 . _:b663516865 . _:b663516894 . _:b665805614 "ISBN:0-683-40008-8"^^ . _:b665806170 . _:b665798620 . _:b666237950 . _:b665806433 . _:b663516866 . _:b665806171 . _:b665861580 . _:b665806164 . _:b665861432 . _:b665861585 . _:b665861581 . _:b666237943 . _:b665806165 . _:b666208910 "2012-08-14"^^ . _:b665861433 . _:b665806444 . _:b665806166 . _:b665806445 . _:b665862956 . _:b665861435 . _:b666237923 . _:b663516870 . _:b663516891 . _:b665806167 . _:b665806442 . _:b665861400 . _:b663516871 . _:b666237951 . _:b665862955 . _:b665798720 . _:b665806160 . _:b666239104 "Tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach. In mammals, the oesophagus connects the buccal cavity with the stomach. The stratified squamous non-keratinised epithelium lining the buccal cavity is continued through the pharynx down into the oesophagus. The lowest part of the oesophagus (ca. 2 cm) is lined with gastric mucosa and covered by peritoneum. The main body of the oesophagus is lined with small, simple mucous glands. Each gland opens into the lumen by a long duct which pierces the muscularis mucosae (Wilson and Washington, 1989). A sphincter is situated at the point where the oesophagus enters the stomach to prevent gastro-oesophageal reflux, i.e. to prevent acidic gastric contents from reaching stratified epithelia of the oesophagus, where they can cause inflammation and irritation (Wilson and Washington, 1989; Brown et al., 1993)."^^ . _:b665806443 . _:b666237939 . _:b665798721 . _:b665806161 . _:b665798722 . _:b666237945 . _:b665806441 . _:b665806162 . _:b663519918 _:b663519922 . _:b665862954 . _:b666237947 . _:b663520171 . _:b663520721 "(forall (x) (if (SpatialRegion x) (Continuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [035-001] " . _:b665798723 . _:b665806163 . _:b666238392 . _:b666237926 . _:b665798724 . _:b665861572 . _:b665806156 . _:b663516564 . _:b665798725 . _:b665806157 . _:b665862793 . _:b665798726 . _:b665806158 . _:b663914171 . _:b666237942 . _:b665861575 . _:b665798727 . _:b665806159 . _:b665806560 . _:b666237948 . _:b665806152 . _:b665806561 . _:b666237936 . _:b665806153 . _:b666237932 . _:b665806154 . _:b666209375 . _:b665798843 . _:b666237935 . _:b665806155 . _:b666237938 . _:b666209374 . _:b665806148 . _:b666237903 . _:b663521147 . _:b665862943 . _:b665862942 . _:b665806149 . _:b666209617 "caeca"^^ . _:b665862941 . _:b663913634 . _:b665798846 . _:b666237894 . _:b665806150 . _:b663516655 . _:b665806151 . _:b666238105 "A spatial region is a continuant entity that is a continuant_part_of spaceR as defined relative to some frame R. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [035-001])"@en . _:b665798832 . _:b665806144 . _:b666238391 . _:b666237891 . _:b665798833 . _:b665806145 . _:b666237898 . _:b665806146 . _:b665798842 . _:b666237889 . _:b665806147 . _:b666238376 . _:b663516660 . _:b666237913 . _:b666237893 . _:b665798513 "p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003])"@en . _:b666237901 . _:b665798847 . _:b666208884 "2012-08-14"^^ . _:b665798824 . _:b666237888 . _:b666208979 . _:b666237899 . _:b666238369 . _:b665806414 . _:b666237896 . _:b665806415 . _:b666237911 . _:b663516669 . _:b666237916 . _:b665806413 . _:b665860486 "(iff (Process a) (and (Occurrent a) (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)) (exists (c t) (and (MaterialEntity c) (specificallyDependsOnAt a c t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [083-003] " . _:b666237909 . _:b666209394 . _:b666209395 . _:b666237906 . _:b666209399 . _:b666237904 . _:b666209007 . _:b666237917 . _:b665798823 . _:b666237908 . _:b665861555 "UMLS:C0020885"^^ . _:b666209400 . _:b666238367 . _:b666238366 . _:b666237914 . _:b665806430 "MGI:monikat"^^ . _:b666209407 . _:b665798812 . _:b666237858 . _:b665798813 . _:b666237875 . _:b665863037 . _:b665806107 "A spatiotemporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of spacetime. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [095-001])"@en . _:b665861970 "Each spatiotemporal region projects_onto some temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [098-001])"@en . _:b665798814 . _:b663521026 . _:b666237872 . _:b663516513 "If an entity is a quality at any time that it exists, then it is a quality at every time that it exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [105-001])"@en . _:b666237869 . _:b666237861 . _:b665862134 . _:b665806426 . _:b665798800 . _:b666237862 . _:b666209377 . _:b665798801 . _:b665806424 . _:b666209376 . _:b665798802 . _:b665806425 . _:b665798803 . _:b666209382 . _:b666237877 . _:b666237864 . _:b666238344 . _:b665798804 . _:b665863028 . _:b666237867 . _:b666209381 . _:b666237870 . _:b665863029 . _:b666237881 . _:b666237860 . _:b666237865 . _:b665798792 . _:b665798793 . _:b666237871 . _:b665798794 . _:b666209010 . _:b665798786 . _:b666237884 . _:b665863027 . _:b665798796 . _:b666237876 . _:b666237874 . _:b666237879 . _:b666237859 . _:b665798677 "ncithesaurus:Large_Intestine"^^ . _:b665798799 . _:b666237857 . _:b665798784 . _:b666238343 . _:b663913347 . _:b665798785 . _:b665863018 . _:b666237863 . _:b665862140 "Intestinal surface area also is increased in amphibians and reptiles by internal folds and occasionally by a few villi. The intestine can be divided into a small intestine and a slightly wider large intestine.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b666237882 . _:b666209341 "(forall (x y t) (if (and (SpatialRegion x) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)) (SpatialRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [036-001] " . _:b665863017 . _:b665860437 "Entity doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example Werner Ceusters 'portions of reality' include 4 sorts, entities (as BFO construes them), universals, configurations, and relations. It is an open question as to whether entities as construed in BFO will at some point also include these other portions of reality. See, for example, 'How to track absolutely everything' at http://www.referent-tracking.com/_RTU/papers/CeustersICbookRevised.pdf"@en . _:b665861450 "DOI:10.1046/j.1525-142x.2000.00076.x Smith DM, Grasty RC, Theodosiou NA, Tabin CJ, Nascone-Yoder NM, Evolutionary relationships between the amphibian, avian, and mammalian stomachs. Evolution and development (2000)"^^ . _:b666238913 "p is a process boundary =Def. p is a temporal part of a process & p has no proper temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [084-001])"@en . _:b665798787 . _:b665798795 . _:b666237866 . _:b666237878 . _:b666237886 . _:b665798790 . _:b665860438 . _:b665861295 . _:b665798791 . _:b665806443 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b665798904 . _:b665806442 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b666238396 "TAO:0000706"^^ . _:b666237880 . _:b663913689 . _:b665798897 . _:b665797940 "VHOG:0000056"^^ . _:b665860437 . _:b665806444 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b666237868 . _:b666237873 . _:b666238449 . _:b665798907 . _:b666237883 . _:b665798909 . _:b666209044 . _:b665798903 . _:b665798896 . _:b665860508 "A one-dimensional spatial region is a line or aggregate of lines stretching from one point in space to another. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [038-001])"@en . _:b665798898 . _:b665861887 . _:b666238440 . _:b665806332 . _:b666237850 . _:b665798908 . _:b665798901 . _:b665806333 . _:b663913437 . _:b665798902 . _:b665806334 . _:b666209053 . _:b665806335 . _:b663520226 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b665798888 . _:b663913410 . _:b666237854 . _:b666208880 "FMA"^^ . _:b665861883 . _:b665862992 . _:b666237855 . _:b666237847 . _:b665798893 . _:b665861885 . _:b665862990 . _:b665861884 . _:b665862991 . _:b666237851 . _:b666237842 . _:b665798883 . _:b666209105 . _:b666208562 . _:b665798884 . _:b665798892 . _:b665798885 . _:b666239105 "AAO:0000145"^^ . _:b666209361 "(forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (TemporalRegion y) (temporallyProjectsOnto x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [098-001] " . _:b665798886 . _:b666209110 . _:b666208565 . _:b666208790 "ncithesaurus:Intestine"^^ . _:b665798887 . _:b663914033 "b is an object aggregate means: b is a material entity consisting exactly of a plurality of objects as member_parts at all times at which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [025-004])"@en . _:b665798872 . _:b666237852 . _:b666237846 . _:b666209108 . _:b666237841 . _:b663913457 . _:b666238430 . _:b663520773 "b is a site means: b is a three-dimensional immaterial entity that is (partially or wholly) bounded by a material entity or it is a three-dimensional immaterial part thereof. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [034-002])"@en . _:b666209114 . _:b665798875 . _:b666238925 "b is a continuant fiat boundary = Def. b is an immaterial entity that is of zero, one or two dimensions and does not include a spatial region as part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [029-001])"@en . _:b665798876 . _:b666237853 . _:b665798878 . _:b663520213 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b665806074 "if b is a continuant and if, for some t, cis continuant_part of b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [009-002])"@en . _:b665798879 . _:b666209117 . _:b665798871 . _:b666238420 . _:b665798864 . _:b666239127 "caecum"^^ . _:b663515928 "ncithesaurus:Intestine"^^ . _:b666237849 . _:b665798865 . _:b665798866 . _:b666209090 . _:b663913464 . _:b666237843 . _:b665798867 . _:b665861462 "AAO:0000145"^^ . _:b665798868 . _:b665798869 . _:b665798877 . _:b665798870 . _:b663913443 . _:b666209092 . _:b665798857 . _:b666209099 . _:b666237848 . _:b663520757 "b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b\u2019s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003])"@en . _:b666238878 "(forall (x t) (if (and (RealizableEntity x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (specificallyDepends x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [063-002] " . _:b665798859 . _:b666238875 "(iff (Process a) (and (Occurrent a) (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)) (exists (c t) (and (MaterialEntity c) (specificallyDependsOnAt a c t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [083-003] " . _:b666209096 . _:b665798853 . _:b665798862 . _:b665798863 . _:b666209101 . _:b665798848 . _:b665806288 . _:b663516578 . _:b666208559 . _:b665806289 . _:b665862865 . _:b665806290 . _:b665798858 . _:b663913448 . _:b665798851 . _:b666209137 . _:b665806291 . _:b663516770 "UMLS:C0009368"^^ . _:b665798852 . . _:b666208531 . _:b665861470 "MA"^^ . _:b665798854 . _:b666209142 . _:b663516606 . _:b665806287 . _:b665861536 "NCBITaxon:32443"^^ . _:b663516607 . _:b666209140 . _:b665806280 . _:b666208535 . _:b666208809 . _:b666209147 . _:b665806281 . _:b665806282 . _:b663913360 . _:b663516584 . _:b666209145 . _:b663521019 . _:b666209150 . _:b665806278 . _:b663516588 . _:b665806279 . _:b665862744 "b is a fiat object part = Def. b is a material entity which is such that for all times t, if b exists at t then there is some object c such that b proper continuant_part of c at t and c is demarcated from the remainder of c by a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [027-004])"@en . _:b663516591 . _:b666209122 . _:b663520964 "ventriculus"^^ . _:b665861287 "b is a process_profile =Def. there is some process c such that b process_profile_of c (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [093-002])"@en . _:b663521093 . _:b666209120 . _:b663521092 . _:b666209127 . _:b666208516 . _:b663913372 . _:b666237887 . _:b666239319 _:b666239325 . _:b666209125 . _:b663515634 . _:b666209130 . _:b663515635 . _:b663913344 . _:b663515632 . _:b663515633 . _:b663520167 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b666209135 . _:b663515638 . _:b663515639 . _:b663515636 . _:b666209615 "VHOG:0001559"^^ . _:b665861685 . _:b666209132 . _:b663515637 . _:b665806384 . _:b666208527 . _:b666209043 . _:b663515642 . _:b665861684 . _:b665806385 . _:b663515643 . _:b665806386 . _:b663515640 . _:b665806387 . _:b663515641 . _:b665806380 . _:b665863046 . _:b663515646 . _:b665806381 . _:b663520302 "UMLS:C0013303"^^ . _:b663515647 . _:b663913356 . _:b665861309 . _:b663515644 . _:b665806383 . _:b663520447 . _:b663515645 . _:b665806376 . _:b663515618 . _:b666237856 . _:b663913393 . _:b665806377 . _:b666209050 . _:b663515619 . _:b663515616 . _:b663515617 . _:b663913398 . _:b665806372 . _:b663516917 "Branch or outpocketing of the digestive tract."^^ . _:b663515622 . _:b665806373 . _:b663515623 . _:b663913677 "diverticulum of gut"^^ . _:b665806374 . _:b663515620 . _:b665806375 . _:b663515621 . _:b663913402 . _:b665806368 . _:b666209027 . _:b663515626 . _:b665806369 . _:b663515627 . _:b665806370 . _:b666237907 . _:b663515624 . _:b665806371 . _:b665861183 . _:b663515625 . _:b663515630 . _:b665806365 . _:b663515631 . _:b663516452 . _:b665806367 . _:b663515628 . _:b666237918 . _:b663515629 . _:b665806360 . _:b663515602 . _:b665806361 . _:b666237912 . _:b665862991 "TAO:0000706"^^ . _:b663515603 . _:b665806362 . _:b663515600 . _:b665806363 . _:b665797878 . _:b663515601 . _:b663913382 . _:b665806356 . _:b663515606 . _:b666237892 . _:b666209038 . _:b663515607 . _:b665806358 . _:b666238345 . _:b665805543 "AAO:0000246"^^ . _:b663515604 . _:b663913387 . _:b663515605 . _:b663515610 . _:b666209074 . _:b663515611 . _:b663516666 . _:b663515608 . _:b665806355 . _:b663516667 . _:b663520262 "UBERON:0001155"^^ . _:b663515609 . _:b665806348 . _:b663516668 . _:b666209079 . _:b663515614 . _:b665806349 . _:b663515615 . _:b665862759 "(iff (GenericallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (exists (b t) (genericallyDependsOnAt a b t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [074-001] " . _:b665806350 . _:b663515612 . _:b665806351 . _:b666237902 . _:b665860533 "(forall (x) (if (MaterialEntity x) (IndependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [019-002] " . _:b666209805 . _:b663515613 . _:b663913042 . _:b665798526 "If an entity is a quality at any time that it exists, then it is a quality at every time that it exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [105-001])"@en . _:b666237897 . _:b663516656 . _:b666209083 . _:b663515586 . _:b666209806 . _:b663516657 . _:b665863140 . _:b663515587 . _:b665863141 . _:b663516658 . _:b663515584 . _:b663913047 . _:b665806347 . _:b665798935 . _:b663516659 . _:b663515585 . _:b665806340 . _:b666209087 . _:b663515590 . _:b666209348 "(forall (x y) (if (and (TemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (TemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [101-001] " . _:b665798836 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b666237940 . _:b665862953 "Tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach. In mammals, the oesophagus connects the buccal cavity with the stomach. The stratified squamous non-keratinised epithelium lining the buccal cavity is continued through the pharynx down into the oesophagus. The lowest part of the oesophagus (ca. 2 cm) is lined with gastric mucosa and covered by peritoneum. The main body of the oesophagus is lined with small, simple mucous glands. Each gland opens into the lumen by a long duct which pierces the muscularis mucosae (Wilson and Washington, 1989). A sphincter is situated at the point where the oesophagus enters the stomach to prevent gastro-oesophageal reflux, i.e. to prevent acidic gastric contents from reaching stratified epithelia of the oesophagus, where they can cause inflammation and irritation (Wilson and Washington, 1989; Brown et al., 1993)."^^ . _:b663515591 . _:b663913044 . _:b665863128 . _:b663516692 . _:b665861369 . _:b663515588 . _:b663913051 . _:b663515589 . _:b665798827 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665806336 . _:b663515594 . _:b665806337 . _:b663515595 . _:b665806338 . _:b663515592 . _:b665806339 . _:b666209056 . _:b663515593 . _:b663913054 . _:b666237949 . _:b663515598 . _:b665798119 . _:b663516653 . _:b666209062 . _:b663515599 . _:b665798118 . _:b665798940 . _:b663516654 . _:b663515596 . _:b663913027 . _:b663515597 . _:b665861356 . _:b663515570 . _:b663515571 . _:b665798817 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663913024 . _:b663515568 . _:b663515925 . _:b663515569 . _:b663914076 . _:b663515574 . _:b663913029 . _:b663515575 . _:b665798916 . _:b663515572 . _:b663516677 . _:b663914075 . _:b663515573 . _:b663913034 . _:b663516638 . _:b666209235 . _:b663515578 . _:b665798808 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665862244 "AAO:0010400"^^ . _:b666208688 . _:b663515579 . _:b663913032 . _:b663515576 . _:b663913039 . _:b666237922 . _:b666209232 . _:b663515577 . _:b665861348 . _:b665806444 . _:b665861347 . _:b663515582 . _:b665861349 . _:b663913037 . _:b665806445 . _:b666208700 . _:b666238298 . _:b666209238 . _:b663515583 . _:b665861350 . _:b665798924 . _:b663515580 . _:b665861351 . _:b663913075 . _:b663515581 . _:b665806440 . _:b665861315 . _:b663515554 . _:b665861337 . _:b665806441 . _:b666238135 "All realizable dependent continuants have independent continuants that are not spatial regions as their bearers. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [060-002])"@en . _:b663515555 . _:b665861338 . _:b663913072 . _:b665806442 . _:b666208689 . _:b666238289 . _:b666237931 . _:b666209241 . _:b663515552 . _:b665806443 . _:b663515553 . _:b663913078 . _:b663516625 . _:b666208699 . _:b665861319 . _:b663515558 . _:b663515559 . _:b665806438 . _:b666208693 . _:b663515556 . _:b665806439 . _:b666208694 . _:b666209244 . _:b663515557 . _:b665806432 . _:b666208897 . _:b663515562 . _:b663913081 . _:b665806433 . _:b663516617 . _:b663515563 . _:b665806434 . _:b663516618 . _:b666209217 . _:b663515560 . _:b663913087 . _:b665806435 . _:b663516619 . _:b663515561 . _:b663515925 "GOC:GO"^^ . _:b663516620 . _:b666209223 . _:b663515566 . _:b665806429 . _:b663515567 . _:b663913084 . _:b665806430 . _:b663516616 . _:b663515564 . _:b665806431 . _:b665798947 . _:b666209220 . _:b663515565 . _:b665860745 "intestinum crassum cecum"^^ . _:b665806424 . _:b663519975 "(forall (x) (if (SpatialRegion x) (Continuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [035-001] " . _:b663515538 . _:b663913057 . _:b665806425 . _:b666209226 . _:b663515539 . _:b665797805 "(forall (x) (if (Function x) (Disposition x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [064-001] " . _:b665806426 . _:b663516793 "Subdivision of digestive tract that connects the stomach to the large intestine and is where much of the digestion and absorption of food takes place (with the exception of ruminants). The mammalian small intestine is long and coiled and can be differentiated histologically into: duodenum, jejunem, ileum[WP,cjm,Kardong]."^^ . _:b663515536 . _:b663913063 . _:b665861322 . _:b663515537 . _:b665806420 . _:b663515542 . _:b665806421 . _:b663515543 . _:b663913060 . _:b665806422 . _:b666209229 . _:b663515540 . _:b665806423 . _:b663515541 . _:b663913066 . _:b663515546 . _:b665798953 . _:b663515547 . _:b663515544 . _:b665798782 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665806419 . _:b665798959 . _:b663516193 . _:b663515545 . _:b663914087 . _:b665806412 . _:b663914084 . _:b663515550 . _:b665862896 . _:b663913069 . _:b665806413 . _:b663914086 . _:b663516499 "(forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (TemporalRegion y) (temporallyProjectsOnto x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [098-001] " . _:b663914085 . _:b663515551 . _:b665862897 . _:b665806414 . _:b663516196 . _:b663516172 "diverticulum of gut"^^ . _:b663515548 . _:b665806415 . _:b663515549 . _:b663515522 . _:b663913406 . _:b665806409 . _:b663914081 . _:b666209274 . _:b666208924 "proximal intestine"^^ . _:b663515523 . _:b665862893 . _:b663912976 . _:b665806410 . _:b665862993 "ncithesaurus:Colon"^^ . _:b663515520 . _:b666209656 "2012-08-14"^^ . _:b665862894 . _:b665860891 . _:b665806411 . _:b663515521 . _:b665862895 . _:b665860892 . _:b663914092 . _:b663515526 . _:b666209278 . _:b663515527 . _:b663912980 . _:b663515524 . _:b663912987 . _:b663515525 . _:b663515530 . _:b663515531 . _:b663912984 . _:b665860915 . _:b663515528 . _:b665860916 . _:b666209248 . _:b663515529 . _:b666209255 . _:b663515534 . _:b663912989 . _:b665860918 . _:b663515535 . _:b663515532 . _:b665860904 . _:b666209252 . _:b663515533 . _:b665860507 "(forall (x) (if (FiatObjectPart x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y) (and (Object y) (properContinuantPartOfAt x y t)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [027-004] " . _:b663516160 . _:b663515506 . _:b663520669 . _:b663516161 . _:b666209258 . _:b665860906 . _:b663515507 . _:b665806522 . _:b663515504 . _:b663521054 "MGI:monikat"^^ . _:b663515505 . _:b663913389 . _:b663520664 . _:b665860909 . _:b666209263 . _:b665861246 "(forall (x) (if (exists (t) (and (existsAt x t) (Quality x))) (forall (t_1) (if (existsAt x t_1) (Quality x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [105-001] " . _:b663515510 . _:b665806517 . _:b665806402 . _:b663515511 . _:b665798757 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663515508 . _:b663912971 . _:b663521007 "Last portion of the large intestine before it becomes the rectum."^^ . _:b663515509 . _:b663516184 . _:b663515514 . _:b663516185 . _:b666208752 . _:b663515515 . _:b665798745 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663520997 . _:b666208761 . _:b665860899 . _:b666209169 . _:b663515512 . _:b663520996 . _:b666208762 . _:b663516187 . _:b665860900 . _:b663515513 . _:b665797874 . _:b666208763 . _:b665860901 . _:b666209175 . _:b665860927 . _:b663515518 . _:b666208764 . _:b665860924 . _:b663913502 "the terminal portion of the intestinal tube, terminating with the anus"^^ . _:b663515519 . _:b666208757 . _:b663515516 . _:b663913011 . _:b666208766 . _:b663914113 . _:b666209172 . _:b663515517 . _:b663515490 . _:b666209178 . _:b663515491 . _:b666208753 . _:b663516178 . _:b663515488 . _:b666208754 . _:b663515489 . _:b663913014 . _:b663515494 . _:b666209630 "2012-08-14"^^ . _:b663515495 . _:b666208921 "In fish, the divisions of the small intestine are not as clear, and the terms anterior intestine or proximal intestine may be used instead of duodenum."^^ . _:b666208765 . _:b666209181 . _:b663515492 . _:b663913019 . _:b665860876 . _:b666208758 . _:b663515493 . _:b663516168 . _:b663515498 . _:b663913017 . _:b663516169 . _:b666209154 . _:b663515499 . _:b665860879 . _:b663516170 . _:b666208737 . _:b663515791 "A function is a disposition that exists in virtue of the bearer\u2019s physical make-up and this physical make-up is something the bearer possesses because it came into being, either through evolution (in the case of natural biological entities) or through intentional design (in the case of artifacts), in order to realize processes of a certain sort. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [064-001])"@en . _:b663515496 . _:b666208746 . _:b663515497 . _:b663913022 . _:b666208747 . _:b666208934 "BTO:0000657"^^ . _:b663515502 . _:b665798732 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665806493 . _:b663516173 . _:b663515503 . _:b665806494 . _:b666208749 . _:b666208932 "BTO:0000657"^^ . _:b665860887 . _:b666209157 . _:b663515500 . _:b665862865 . _:b665806495 . _:b663516175 . _:b666208742 . _:b663515501 . _:b665860873 . _:b666209163 . _:b663515474 . _:b663912993 . _:b666208736 . _:b665860874 . _:b663515475 . _:b663515472 . _:b666208871 "caeca"^^ . _:b666208738 . _:b666209160 . _:b663515473 . _:b663912998 . _:b663515478 . _:b666208748 . _:b666209166 . _:b666209594 "DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1996.tb01658.x Mallatt J, Ventilation and the origin of jawed vertebrates: a new mouth. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (1996)"^^ . _:b663515479 . _:b663912996 . _:b665797768 "(iff (Process a) (and (Occurrent a) (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)) (exists (c t) (and (MaterialEntity c) (specificallyDependsOnAt a c t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [083-003] " . _:b666208741 . _:b663515476 . _:b663515477 . _:b663913002 . _:b666208743 . _:b665860865 . _:b663515482 . _:b666208728 . _:b666209202 . _:b663515483 . _:b663515480 . _:b663913007 . _:b665860868 . _:b663515481 . _:b666208731 . _:b663515486 . _:b663913005 . _:b666208732 . _:b665860870 . _:b663515487 . _:b666208733 . _:b666209596 . _:b666209205 . _:b663515484 . _:b663913171 . _:b666208734 . _:b666208726 . _:b663515485 . _:b666208735 . _:b666209211 . _:b666238179 "b is a continuant fiat boundary = Def. b is an immaterial entity that is of zero, one or two dimensions and does not include a spatial region as part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [029-001])"@en . _:b666208720 . _:b666209593 . _:b663913334 . _:b666209592 . _:b666208721 . _:b663913175 . _:b666208722 . _:b666209595 . _:b666209208 . _:b665861609 "subdivision of alimentary system"^^ . _:b666208723 . _:b666209594 . _:b663515462 . _:b666208724 . _:b666209214 . _:b663515463 . _:b666208725 . _:b663913179 . _:b665806020 . _:b663520679 . _:b663515461 . _:b666208727 . _:b666209187 . _:b663515466 . _:b666208712 . _:b663515467 . _:b663520674 . _:b663515464 . _:b666209184 . _:b663515465 . _:b665798768 "caeca"^^ . _:b663515470 . _:b666208716 . _:b666209190 . _:b663515471 . _:b663913381 . _:b663515468 . _:b663913155 . _:b666238826 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b663515469 . _:b666208719 . _:b666208711 . _:b666208704 . _:b663913152 . _:b666208705 . _:b666238837 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b666209193 . _:b665798802 . _:b666208706 . _:b663913390 . _:b666208554 . _:b666208707 . _:b666208715 . _:b666209199 . _:b666208708 . _:b666208709 . _:b666208549 . _:b666208710 . _:b666209338 "Spatial region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the union of a spatial point and a spatial line that doesn't overlap the point, or two spatial lines that intersect at a single point. In both cases the resultant spatial region is neither 0-dimensional, 1-dimensional, 2-dimensional, or 3-dimensional."@en . _:b666209196 . _:b666238132 "(forall (x t) (if (and (RealizableEntity x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (specificallyDepends x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [063-002] " . _:b663913562 . _:b663516510 "A zero-dimensional spatial region is a point in space. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [037-001])"@en . _:b663913160 . _:b666208544 . _:b665861284 "(iff (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ImmaterialEntity a) (exists (b) (and (or (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b)) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))) (not (exists (c t) (and (SpatialRegion c) (continuantPartOfAt c a t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [029-001] " . _:b665798686 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665806304 . _:b665806305 . _:b666238347 "VHOG:0000408"^^ . _:b663913203 . _:b663913269 "A zero-dimensional spatial region is a point in space. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [037-001])"@en . _:b665860479 "Every spatiotemporal region s is such that s occupies_spatiotemporal_region s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [107-002])"@en . _:b663520212 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b663913200 . _:b663913206 . _:b665860792 "ncithesaurus:Duodenum"^^ . _:b665798676 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b666208539 . _:b665798027 "intestinum crassum cecum"^^ . _:b663913405 . . _:b665806560 . _:b665806561 . _:b663913209 . _:b665805612 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b663913185 . _:b665861388 . _:b665805352 "Temporal region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of a temporal instant and a temporal interval that doesn't overlap the instant. In this case the resultant temporal region is neither 0-dimensional nor 1-dimensional"@en . _:b663913190 . _:b666209427 "a zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a fiat point whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [031-001])"@en . _:b663913195 . _:b665797844 . _:b665805619 _:b665805620 . _:b665806422 "In fish, the divisions of the small intestine are not as clear, and the terms anterior intestine or proximal intestine may be used instead of duodenum."^^ . _:b665797854 "A disease of anatomical entity that is located_in the gastrointestinal tract." . _:b666208891 . _:b663913105 . _:b665860393 . _:b665860462 "A spatial region is a continuant entity that is a continuant_part_of spaceR as defined relative to some frame R. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [035-001])"@en . _:b665860392 . _:b663913111 . _:b663913431 "Portion of the alimentary canal bounded anteriorly by the pyloric sphincter and posteriorly by the cloacal sphincter.[AAO]"^^ . _:b665806534 . _:b665860809 "UMLS:C0020885"^^ . _:b663913108 . _:b663914246 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b665806535 . _:b663913114 . _:b663913368 . _:b663913117 . _:b663913585 "intestinum ileum"^^ . _:b665860391 . _:b666239016 . _:b663913090 . _:b666238891 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b663515890 . _:b665805610 _:b665805611 . _:b663515891 . _:b663515888 . _:b665805612 _:b665805613 . _:b663515889 . _:b663515894 . _:b663913093 . _:b663521193 . _:b663515895 . _:b663515892 . _:b663913099 . _:b663515893 . _:b665797767 "p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003])"@en . _:b663515898 . _:b663515899 . _:b663913096 . _:b663515896 . _:b663914085 "A gastrointestinal system infectious disease that involves inflammation of the lining of the stomach and small and large intestines, which is caused by viruses, bacteria, or parasites. Chemicals and drugs also cause gastroenteritis. The symptoms include diarrhea, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, cramps, and discomfort in the abdomen." . _:b663515897 . _:b663913102 . _:b663515902 . _:b663515903 . _:b665860395 . _:b666208373 . _:b663515900 . _:b663515901 . _:b663913138 . _:b663515874 . _:b666208794 . _:b663515875 . _:b663520151 . _:b663515872 . _:b665862393 . _:b666208378 . _:b663515873 . _:b665862392 . _:b666238855 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b663515878 . _:b663913141 . _:b663515879 . _:b663515876 . _:b666238850 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b666238527 . _:b663515877 . _:b666238310 . _:b666208383 . _:b666238524 . _:b663515882 . _:b663913145 . _:b666238311 . _:b663515883 . _:b663520157 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b663515880 . _:b663515881 . _:b663515886 . _:b665806123 "To say that b is a realizable entity is to say that b is a specifically dependent continuant that inheres in some independent continuant which is not a spatial region and is of a type instances of which are realized in processes of a correlated type. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [058-002])"@en . _:b663913149 . _:b663515887 . _:b663515762 "(forall (x t) (if (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (bearerOfAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [060-002] " . _:b663515884 . _:b663913123 . _:b663515885 . _:b665862896 . _:b663913364 . _:b663515858 . _:b665798876 . _:b663515859 . _:b663913120 . . _:b663515856 . _:b663520942 . _:b663515857 . _:b663913126 . _:b665862725 "b is a disposition means: b is a realizable entity & b\u2019s bearer is some material entity & b is such that if it ceases to exist, then its bearer is physically changed, & b\u2019s realization occurs when and because this bearer is in some special physical circumstances, & this realization occurs in virtue of the bearer\u2019s physical make-up. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [062-002])"@en . _:b663515862 . _:b663515863 . _:b663515860 . _:b665862895 . _:b663515861 . _:b666238199 "A primary bacterial infectious disease caused by the bacteria of the genus Salmonella. It has sypmtoms diarrhea, fever, vomiting, and abdominal cramps 12 to 72 hours after infection. In most cases, the illness lasts four to seven days, and most people recover without treatment." . _:b663520152 . _:b663515866 . _:b663913129 . _:b663521118 "alimentary system subdivision"^^ . _:b663515867 . _:b663515864 . _:b663913135 . _:b663520812 "url:https://www.foodsafety.gov/poisoning/causes/bacteriaviruses/salmonella" . _:b663515865 . _:b665862854 . _:b665862886 . _:b663515870 . _:b663520226 "AAO:0000145"^^ . _:b663515871 . _:b663913132 . _:b666208821 . _:b663515868 . _:b663516164 . _:b663515869 . _:b663515842 . _:b663515843 . _:b663516167 . _:b663515840 . _:b663515841 . _:b663515846 . _:b663515847 . _:b663515844 . _:b663515845 . _:b663516072 "BTO:0000657"^^ . _:b663515850 . _:b663515851 . _:b665798907 . _:b663516070 "BTO:0000657"^^ . _:b663515848 . _:b663520011 "b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b\u2019s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003])"@en . _:b666208800 . _:b663515849 . _:b663515854 . _:b665798904 . _:b663515855 . _:b666208805 . _:b663515852 . _:b666239167 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b663515853 . _:b663913374 . _:b666208327 . _:b663515826 . _:b663515827 . _:b665798656 . _:b665860895 . _:b663515824 . _:b663515825 . _:b663515830 . _:b665798471 "if b is a material entity, then there is some temporal interval (referred to below as a one-dimensional temporal region) during which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [011-002])"@en . _:b666208332 . _:b665862140 "ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.566"^^ . _:b666208814 . _:b663515831 . _:b663515828 . _:b665860884 . _:b663515829 . _:b663914069 "zero dimension continuant fiat boundaries are not spatial points. Considering the example 'the quadripoint where the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona meet' : There are many frames in which that point is zooming through many points in space. Whereas, no matter what the frame, the quadripoint is always in the same relation to the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona."@en . _:b665862699 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b663515834 . _:b663515835 . _:b665798664 . _:b663515832 . _:b666208434 . _:b666208976 . _:b663515833 . _:b665860881 . _:b666208983 . _:b663515838 . _:b665862704 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b663515839 . _:b665805635 _:b665805636 . _:b665860921 . _:b663515836 . _:b665798941 . _:b663515837 . _:b665806289 "AAO:0000246"^^ . _:b663515810 . _:b663516162 . _:b663515811 . _:b663515808 . _:b665798711 . _:b665861526 "Intestinal surface area also is increased in amphibians and reptiles by internal folds and occasionally by a few villi. The intestine can be divided into a small intestine and a slightly wider large intestine.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663515809 . _:b666208443 . _:b663515814 . _:b663515815 . _:b663515812 . _:b663913349 . _:b663515813 . _:b666208963 . _:b663515818 . _:b663520308 "MGI:monikat"^^ . _:b666208416 . _:b663515819 . _:b663515816 . _:b663515817 . _:b665798718 . _:b663515822 . _:b665860898 . _:b663515823 . _:b665861394 "VHOG:0000054"^^ . _:b663515820 . _:b665798691 . _:b663516190 . _:b663515821 . _:b663515794 . _:b665806361 "VHOG:0001751"^^ . _:b663515795 . _:b666208425 . _:b663515792 . _:b663515793 . _:b663515798 . _:b665860893 . _:b663515799 . _:b663913396 . _:b663515796 . _:b663913345 . _:b663515797 . _:b663515802 . _:b665798697 . _:b665861676 . _:b663515803 . _:b663515962 . _:b663913659 "The pharynx is the part of the digestive system immediately posterior to the mouth[GO]."^^ . _:b663515800 . _:b663515963 . _:b663516111 . _:b666209008 . _:b663515801 . _:b665798702 . _:b666208403 . _:b663515964 . _:b663515806 . _:b663515965 . _:b663515807 . _:b663515966 . _:b666209013 . _:b663515804 . _:b663515967 . _:b665862990 "AAO:0010400"^^ . _:b663913336 . _:b663515805 . _:b665862675 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b666208325 . _:b663913337 . _:b666208407 . _:b666209019 . _:b663515778 . _:b665861673 . _:b663515779 . _:b663515954 . _:b663913331 . _:b665861992 "(forall (x) (if (exists (t) (and (existsAt x t) (Quality x))) (forall (t_1) (if (existsAt x t_1) (Quality x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [105-001] " . _:b663515776 . _:b665862686 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b663515777 . _:b663515782 . _:b663515783 . _:b665861670 . _:b663913343 . _:b663515780 . _:b665798950 . _:b663515781 . _:b663515786 . _:b665798873 . _:b663515787 . _:b663521048 "ncithesaurus:Duodenum"^^ . _:b663515784 . _:b666239091 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b663515947 . _:b663913332 . _:b663515785 . _:b663515948 . _:b663515790 . _:b665860837 . _:b666208388 . _:b663515949 . _:b663913342 . _:b663515791 . _:b666208997 . _:b663515788 . _:b663515951 . _:b663515789 . _:b663515762 . _:b665798849 . _:b666209002 . _:b663515763 . _:b666208393 . _:b665860651 . _:b663515760 . _:b665798855 . _:b665860652 . _:b665861195 "Simons uses different terminology for relations of occurrents to regions: Denote the spatio-temporal location of a given occurrent e by 'spn[e]' and call this region its span. We may say an occurrent is at its span, in any larger region, and covers any smaller region. Now suppose we have fixed a frame of reference so that we can speak not merely of spatio-temporal but also of spatial regions (places) and temporal regions (times). The spread of an occurrent, (relative to a frame of reference) is the space it exactly occupies, and its spell is likewise the time it exactly occupies. We write 'spr[e]' and `spl[e]' respectively for the spread and spell of e, omitting mention of the frame." . _:b663515761 . _:b663515772 "(iff (SpecificallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (forall (t) (if (existsAt a t) (exists (b) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (not (SpatialRegion b)) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [050-003] " . _:b665860653 . _:b663515766 . _:b663515767 . _:b663515764 . _:b663914256 "A cecum is present in most amniote species, and also in lungfish, but not in any living species of amphibian. In reptiles, it is usually a single median structure, arising from the dorsal side of the large intestine. Birds typically have two paired ceca, as, unlike other mammals, do hyraxes. Most mammalian herbivores have a relatively large cecum, hosting a large number of bacteria, which aid in the enzymatic breakdown of plant materials such as cellulose; in many species, it is considerably wider than the colon. In contrast, obligatory carnivores, whose diets contain little or no plant material, have a reduced cecum, which is often partially or wholly replaced by the vermiform appendix. Many fish have a number of small outpocketings, called pyloric ceca, along their intestine; despite the name they are not homologous with the cecum of amniotes, and their purpose is to increase the overall area of the digestive epithelium.[2] Some invertebrates, such as squid,[3] may also have structures with the same name, but these have no relationship with those of vertebrates."^^ . _:b666208398 . _:b665797475 . _:b663515765 . _:b665860641 . _:b663515770 . _:b666209426 . _:b665797474 . _:b663516106 . _:b665860642 . _:b663515771 . _:b666208497 . _:b663515768 . _:b666238294 . _:b665860643 . _:b665860644 . _:b663515769 . _:b663515774 . _:b663515775 . _:b665798860 . _:b666209425 . _:b663515772 . _:b665798899 . _:b666209424 . _:b663515773 . _:b666209427 . _:b663515920 . _:b663515746 . _:b663515921 . _:b665798088 "cjm"^^ . _:b663515747 . _:b663515922 . _:b663515744 . _:b663515745 . _:b665860805 . _:b665862944 "UMLS:C0038351"^^ . _:b663515750 . _:b666209428 . _:b663515751 . _:b665860842 . _:b665860638 . _:b665860639 . _:b663515748 . _:b663515749 . _:b666208511 . _:b663515912 . _:b663515754 . _:b663515657 . _:b665798905 . _:b663515913 . _:b666209416 . _:b663515755 . _:b666209417 . _:b663515752 . _:b663515753 . _:b665798910 . _:b663516153 . _:b663515758 . _:b663515759 . _:b666209414 . _:b663515756 . _:b666209411 . _:b666208900 . _:b663515757 . _:b663516062 "proximal intestine"^^ . _:b665860623 . _:b663515730 . _:b666209409 . _:b666208488 . _:b666209408 . _:b663516150 . _:b663515731 . _:b665798880 . _:b663515728 . _:b663515907 . _:b663515729 . _:b666209415 . _:b663515908 . _:b663913264 "(forall (x) (if (Disposition x) (and (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (bearerOfAt x y t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [062-002] " . _:b663515734 . _:b666209410 . _:b666209412 . _:b663515735 . _:b666209413 . _:b663520012 "Specifically dependent continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. We're not sure what else will develop here, but for example there are questions such as what are promises, obligation, etc."@en . _:b663515910 . _:b663515732 . _:b663515911 . _:b666238330 . _:b663515733 . _:b666208947 . _:b663516065 . _:b663515738 . _:b665862740 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b665798805 "2"^^ . _:b663515739 . _:b663516026 . _:b663515736 . _:b665863027 "The fixed portion of the small intestine deeply lodged in the posterior wall of the abdomen and extending from the pylorus to the beginning of the jejunum. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663515737 . _:b665798894 . _:b663516022 "TAO:0000706"^^ . _:b663515742 . _:b663520785 "(forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [103-001] " . _:b665860824 . _:b665805748 . _:b663515743 . _:b665805749 . _:b665860610 . _:b666238938 "requested by Melanie Courtot" . _:b663515740 . _:b663520077 "url:http://www2.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/mwmednlm?book=Medical&va=anatomic" . _:b666209419 . _:b666209423 . _:b663914274 "VHOG:0000648"^^ . _:b666208470 . _:b663516043 . _:b663515741 . _:b666209418 . _:b666209422 . _:b663913401 . _:b663515714 . _:b663516074 . _:b663515715 . _:b663913395 . _:b663515712 . _:b663516019 . _:b663913404 . _:b665860732 . _:b666208952 . _:b663515713 . _:b663913405 . _:b663515718 . _:b666238323 . _:b666209421 . _:b663519948 "An entity is anything that exists or has existed or will exist. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [001-001])"@en . _:b663913406 . _:b665860734 . _:b666208958 . _:b663515719 . _:b666238024 . _:b666209420 . _:b663913407 . _:b663515716 . _:b665860776 . _:b663913392 . _:b663913400 . _:b665860720 . _:b663515717 . _:b666208479 . _:b663515722 . _:b663515723 . _:b663515720 . _:b666209429 . _:b663913396 . _:b663515721 . _:b666239036 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b663913397 . _:b665860725 . _:b663515726 . _:b666208452 . _:b663515727 . _:b666209430 . _:b663515724 . _:b665805698 . _:b666209431 . _:b663516015 . _:b663913384 . _:b665860712 . _:b663515725 . _:b665805699 . _:b663515698 . _:b665860713 . _:b665805696 . _:b665860786 . _:b663516001 . _:b663913386 . _:b665860714 . _:b663515699 . _:b665805697 . _:b663516093 . _:b663515696 . _:b663516003 . _:b663913380 . _:b663515697 . _:b666238010 . _:b663913389 . _:b665862810 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_gastrointestinal_tract" . _:b663515702 . _:b665860762 . _:b663913390 . _:b663515703 . _:b665798788 . _:b666208461 . _:b663515700 . _:b663913376 . _:b663515701 . _:b665860756 . _:b663913377 . _:b663913385 . _:b663515706 . _:b663913286 "ISBN:978-3-938793-98-5pp124-158#Thomas Bittner and Barry Smith, 'A Theory of Granular Partitions', in K. Munn and B. Smith (eds.), Applied Ontology: An Introduction, Frankfurt/Lancaster: ontos, 2008, 125-158." . _:b663913378 . _:b663515707 . _:b665860759 . _:b663515994 . _:b666209073 . _:b663913379 . _:b663516035 . _:b663515704 . _:b665860796 . _:b663515705 . _:b663913381 . _:b663515710 . _:b665798797 . _:b663515794 "Every process boundary occupies_temporal_region a zero-dimensional temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [085-002])"@en . _:b665862781 "(forall (x y) (if (processProfileOf x y) (and (properContinuantPartOf x y) (exists (z t) (and (properOccurrentPartOf z y) (TemporalRegion t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion y t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion z t) (not (exists (w) (and (occurrentPartOf w x) (occurrentPartOf w z))))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [094-005] " . _:b663515711 . _:b665862993 . _:b666238545 . _:b663913391 . _:b666209328 "Every occurrent occupies_spatiotemporal_region some spatiotemporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [108-001])"@en . _:b663515708 . _:b665861394 "Intestinal surface area also is increased in amphibians and reptiles by internal folds and occasionally by a few villi. The intestine can be divided into a small intestine and a slightly wider large intestine.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663913368 . _:b666209078 . _:b665862992 . _:b665798030 "cjm"^^ . _:b665860696 . _:b663515709 . _:b665862991 . _:b663515682 . _:b665860697 . _:b663913370 . _:b665862990 . _:b665860698 . _:b663515683 . _:b665798653 . _:b665862989 . _:b663913371 . _:b663515680 . _:b665806293 . _:b663515681 . _:b665862987 . _:b663516045 . _:b663515686 . _:b663515989 . _:b665862986 . _:b663913374 . _:b663515687 . _:b666238440 . _:b663913375 . _:b663516438 . _:b663515684 . _:b663515685 . _:b663913369 . _:b663515690 . _:b663913362 . _:b663516433 . _:b663515691 . _:b665860774 . _:b665860747 . _:b663913363 . _:b663515688 . _:b665805674 . _:b666208326 . _:b663520169 "ncithesaurus:Intestine"^^ . _:b663913364 . _:b663515689 . _:b663913365 . _:b666208866 "A pouch in the digestive tract that connects the ileum with the ascending colon of the large intestine. It is separated from the ileum by the ileocecal valve, and is the beginning of the large intestine. It is also separated from the colon by the cecocolic junction."^^ . _:b663516428 . _:b665860693 . _:b663515694 . _:b663515981 . _:b663913366 . _:b663520753 "a quality is a specifically dependent continuant that, in contrast to roles and dispositions, does not require any further process in order to be realized. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [055-001])"@en . _:b665860694 . _:b663515695 . _:b665798844 . _:b663913367 . _:b663515982 . _:b663516055 . _:b665860695 . _:b663914308 . _:b663515692 . _:b663515983 . _:b663913352 . _:b663515693 . _:b665860680 . _:b663913353 . _:b663515666 . _:b665860682 . _:b663515667 . _:b663913355 . _:b663515664 . _:b666209058 . _:b663515665 . _:b666209378 "b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b\u2019s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003])"@en . _:b665860685 . _:b663515670 . _:b665797836 . _:b663515671 . _:b663913359 . _:b663515668 . _:b663516423 . _:b663515669 . _:b663520317 "the portion of the small intestine that extends from the jejunum to the colon"^^ . _:b663515674 . _:b663913354 . _:b663515675 . _:b666209049 . _:b663913347 . _:b666209041 . _:b665862742 "b is a role means: b is a realizable entity & b exists because there is some single bearer that is in some special physical, social, or institutional set of circumstances in which this bearer does not have to be& b is not such that, if it ceases to exist, then the physical make-up of the bearer is thereby changed. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [061-001])"@en . _:b663515672 . _:b663913348 . _:b663515673 . _:b663913349 . _:b663515678 . _:b665860766 . _:b666238449 . _:b666209052 . _:b663913350 . _:b663913358 . _:b665860678 . _:b663515679 . _:b666209053 . _:b663913351 . _:b665860679 . _:b666238962 . _:b663515676 . _:b663516095 . _:b663515677 . _:b663914423 "FBbt:00100316"^^ . _:b666209055 . _:b663913500 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b663515650 . _:b666209040 . _:b663913466 . _:b666209048 . _:b663515651 . _:b665860686 . _:b665806494 "alimentary system subdivision"^^ . _:b665860709 . _:b663913467 . _:b665798059 "cjm"^^ . _:b665860795 . _:b663515648 . _:b665860687 . _:b666209042 . _:b663913468 . . _:b665861215 "Every temporal region t is such that t occupies_temporal_region t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [119-002])"@en . _:b663515649 . _:b663913469 . _:b663515654 . _:b663913470 . _:b666209016 . _:b663913462 . _:b663515655 . _:b665860711 . _:b666209045 . _:b663913471 . _:b663515652 . _:b666209046 . _:b663913456 . _:b666209054 . _:b665861307 "A disease by infectious agent that results_in infection, has_material_basis_in Bacteria." . _:b665798085 "middle intestine"^^ . _:b665860784 . _:b663516016 . _:b663515653 . _:b666209047 . _:b663515658 . _:b666209032 . _:b663516073 . _:b663515659 . _:b663913459 . _:b666209025 . _:b663515656 . _:b663913460 . _:b663515657 . _:b663914197 . _:b666209035 . _:b663913461 . _:b663515662 . _:b663515663 . _:b666209037 . _:b663913463 . _:b665798079 "cjm"^^ . _:b663515660 . _:b663913440 . _:b663515661 . _:b663516064 . _:b663516146 . _:b665860722 . _:b666209024 . _:b663913450 . _:b663516147 . _:b665806308 . _:b663913451 . _:b663516144 . _:b666209026 . _:b663913452 . _:b663516145 . _:b663913453 . _:b665798069 "cjm"^^ . _:b663913445 . _:b663516150 . _:b663913454 . _:b666209036 . _:b663516151 . _:b666209029 . _:b663516148 . _:b665860692 . _:b666209030 . _:b665860768 . _:b663515968 . _:b666239181 "ncithesaurus:Duodenum"^^ . _:b663516149 . _:b666209031 . _:b663913441 . _:b663516154 . _:b663914182 . _:b663913442 . _:b663516155 . _:b665860771 . _:b663516152 . _:b666209553 . _:b666208528 . _:b663516153 . _:b665860772 . _:b665860689 . _:b666238430 . _:b666209139 . _:b665860773 . _:b663516158 . _:b665862024 "every entity of which a material entity is continuant part is also a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [021-002])"@en . _:b663913446 . _:b666209318 . _:b663516159 . _:b665798822 "upper intestine"^^ . _:b663913447 . _:b663913455 . _:b665860775 . _:b663516156 . _:b665862686 "Occurrent doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the sum of a process and the process boundary of another process."@en . _:b666208532 . _:b663516157 . _:b663516130 . _:b666209327 . _:b666209144 . _:b666209322 . _:b663516131 . _:b666238420 . _:b663913435 . _:b665806318 . _:b665860763 . _:b663516128 . _:b665806433 "intestinum jejunum"^^ . _:b663520372 "alimentary system subdivision"^^ . _:b663913436 . _:b665860764 . _:b666208536 . _:b663515980 . _:b663516129 . _:b663515978 . _:b663515910 . _:b666239093 "DOI:10.1046/j.1525-142x.2000.00076.x Smith DM, Grasty RC, Theodosiou NA, Tabin CJ, Nascone-Yoder NM, Evolutionary relationships between the amphibian, avian, and mammalian stomachs. Evolution and development (2000)"^^ . _:b666238416 . _:b663913425 . _:b663516134 . _:b663516053 . _:b666238080 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b666208542 . _:b663516135 . _:b665805789 . _:b666209149 . _:b663516132 . _:b666209328 . _:b663516028 . _:b663516133 . _:b663516040 . _:b666209538 . _:b663913425 . _:b665805814 . _:b663516138 . _:b666209330 . _:b663913426 . _:b663516041 . _:b665805815 . _:b663913434 . _:b663516139 . _:b663516042 . _:b663913427 . _:b663520401 . _:b663516031 . _:b663516136 . _:b663913428 . _:b666209329 . _:b666208512 . _:b663516137 . _:b666238400 . _:b663516044 . _:b665860757 . _:b663516142 . _:b666209124 . _:b666209331 . _:b663516025 . _:b665805605 . _:b663516143 . _:b665797983 "cjm"^^ . _:b666208517 . _:b663515991 . _:b666209335 . _:b663516140 . _:b663913416 . _:b665797982 "cjm"^^ . _:b663913408 . _:b663516141 . _:b663516032 . _:b666238091 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b663913417 . _:b663516114 . _:b666209333 . _:b663516033 . _:b663913418 . _:b665860746 . _:b663516115 . _:b663913419 . _:b666209129 . _:b663516112 . _:b663516113 . _:b663516118 . _:b663516037 . _:b665860750 . _:b663516119 . _:b665862871 . _:b663516116 . _:b666209134 . _:b663516117 . _:b663913409 . _:b666208563 . _:b663516122 . _:b666209339 . _:b666238460 . _:b663516123 . _:b663913468 . _:b665860699 . _:b666238109 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b663516120 . _:b663913471 . _:b666209336 . _:b663913412 . _:b666209341 . _:b665805623 . _:b666208560 . _:b663516121 . _:b666209337 . _:b663913470 . _:b663516156 . _:b666209340 . _:b663913413 . _:b663516126 . _:b663913414 . _:b666238104 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b665798913 . _:b666208566 . _:b663516127 . _:b666209342 . _:b663913415 . _:b663516124 . _:b666209332 . _:b663913467 . _:b665860640 . _:b663516125 . _:b665860856 . _:b663913454 . _:b665805616 . _:b663516098 . _:b666209334 . _:b666209338 . _:b663913461 . _:b663516099 . _:b665860858 . _:b665805617 . _:b665860839 . _:b665860859 . _:b663516096 . _:b665805630 . _:b666238391 . _:b665862850 . _:b665860860 . _:b663516097 . _:b665860645 . _:b665805631 . _:b665860717 "VHOG:0000450"^^ . _:b663516102 . _:b665862794 "url:https://www.foodsafety.gov/poisoning/causes/bacteriaviruses/salmonella" . _:b665805628 . _:b663516103 . _:b665805629 . _:b666209343 . _:b666209324 . _:b663516100 . _:b666209326 . _:b663913016 . _:b663516148 . _:b663516101 . _:b666209119 . _:b666208547 . _:b663516106 . _:b665805624 . _:b666209325 . _:b663516137 . _:b663516105 . _:b663516107 . _:b665860850 . _:b665805625 . _:b666209320 . _:b663516104 . _:b665860851 . _:b663515964 . _:b663516139 . _:b666209321 . _:b665860193 . _:b666209594 "The few structural specializations in (adult lampreys) pharynx include complex valves on the external gill openings that direct the tidal flow, and the division of the ancestral pharynx into an oesophagus and a respiratory pharynx.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663516105 . _:b665798163 . _:b663913021 . _:b666209394 "b is a site means: b is a three-dimensional immaterial entity that is (partially or wholly) bounded by a material entity or it is a three-dimensional immaterial part thereof. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [034-002])"@en . _:b663516145 . _:b665860192 . _:b663516110 . _:b665860654 . _:b666209323 . _:b663516111 . _:b663516142 . _:b663516108 . _:b665860855 . _:b665798166 . _:b666209317 . _:b663516143 . _:b665860840 . _:b663516109 . _:b665798492 "(forall (x y t) (if (and (SpatialRegion x) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)) (SpatialRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [036-001] " . _:b663515781 "ISBN:978-3-938793-98-5pp124-158#Thomas Bittner and Barry Smith, 'A Theory of Granular Partitions', in K. Munn and B. Smith (eds.), Applied Ontology: An Introduction, Frankfurt/Lancaster: ontos, 2008, 125-158." . _:b663516128 . _:b665860841 . _:b663516082 . _:b663516129 . _:b666209319 . _:b663516083 . _:b666209316 . _:b663516080 . _:b666238343 . _:b665860844 . _:b666209314 . _:b666208552 . _:b663516081 . _:b665797870 . _:b665798005 "cjm"^^ . _:b663516086 . _:b666209315 . _:b665805697 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b663913155 . _:b663516087 . _:b665805696 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b663516134 . _:b665860847 . _:b666208557 . _:b663516084 . _:b666209382 . _:b666209377 . _:b663516085 . _:b665805698 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b663516120 . _:b663516090 . _:b665860834 . _:b666209380 . _:b663516091 . _:b666209381 . _:b665797849 "url:http://www2.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/mwmednlm?book=Medical&va=anatomic" . _:b665860835 . _:b666209372 . _:b663516088 . _:b665797961 . _:b666209373 . _:b666209378 . _:b663516089 . _:b666238353 . _:b666238366 . _:b663516124 . _:b663515909 . _:b663516094 . _:b663516125 . _:b663516095 . _:b666209376 . _:b663516092 . _:b665797725 "if b is a material entity, then there is some temporal interval (referred to below as a one-dimensional temporal region) during which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [011-002])"@en . _:b665798158 . _:b663516127 . _:b663516108 . _:b663516093 . _:b666209207 . _:b663515461 . _:b663516066 . _:b663516113 . _:b665860826 . _:b663515914 . _:b663516067 . _:b663520987 "BTO:0001158"^^ . _:b666208729 . _:b663516064 . _:b663520776 "b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001])"@en . _:b665863026 "ISBN:0815318960"^^ . _:b663515462 . _:b666238349 "ncithesaurus:Stomach"^^ . _:b663913141 . _:b663516065 . _:b663516116 . _:b665806182 "a zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a fiat point whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [031-001])"@en . _:b665860829 . _:b663516070 . _:b663521008 "UBERON:0001155"^^ . _:b663516071 . _:b663515921 . _:b666238145 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b665860831 . _:b663516068 . _:b666209397 . _:b665805594 . _:b663516119 . _:b663516069 . _:b663516104 . _:b666238341 . _:b665805592 . _:b666209399 . _:b663516074 . _:b663516081 . _:b666238340 . _:b663516075 . _:b666209398 . _:b663516080 . _:b665805593 . _:b663515923 . _:b663516072 . _:b663516073 . _:b665862000 "A one-dimensional spatial region is a line or aggregate of lines stretching from one point in space to another. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [038-001])"@en . _:b663516082 . _:b666238337 . _:b665861474 "the terminal portion of the intestinal tube, terminating with the anus"^^ . _:b663515961 . _:b665805814 . _:b663516078 . _:b665805668 . _:b666238336 . _:b663516109 . _:b663516079 . _:b666238125 "(forall (x y) (if (and (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (SpatioTemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [096-001] " . _:b665805815 . _:b665805669 . _:b666238339 . _:b663516110 . _:b666209189 . _:b665862197 . _:b665862196 . _:b666209403 . _:b663516076 . _:b666209404 . _:b665805667 . _:b666209402 . _:b663516077 . _:b663914332 "lower intestine"^^ . _:b663515956 . _:b663516050 . . _:b663515958 . _:b663516051 . _:b663516098 . _:b665805678 . _:b666208713 . _:b663516048 . _:b663516075 . _:b666209405 . _:b665862195 . _:b666209400 . _:b663516049 . _:b665798161 . _:b665805679 . _:b663516100 . _:b666209401 . _:b663516054 . _:b663516077 . _:b666209350 . _:b666209072 . _:b663516055 . _:b663516076 . _:b666209406 . _:b666209351 . _:b666208717 . _:b666209345 . _:b663516052 . _:b663516079 . _:b663516103 . _:b666209198 . _:b663515955 . _:b663516053 . _:b663516078 . _:b666208755 . _:b663516058 . _:b666209346 . _:b666209344 . _:b663912970 . _:b663516059 . _:b666209347 . _:b666209407 . _:b665805686 . _:b663516056 . _:b666208731 . _:b665860804 . _:b666209348 . _:b663516057 . _:b665860836 . _:b665805687 . _:b666209171 . _:b666208759 . _:b663516062 . _:b663516063 . _:b666209349 . _:b663912975 . _:b663516060 . _:b666209354 . _:b663520694 "An entity is anything that exists or has existed or will exist. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [001-001])"@en . _:b666209392 . _:b663516061 . _:b666209355 . _:b666209393 . _:b663516034 . _:b666209395 . _:b665805680 . _:b665797928 "cjm"^^ . _:b666209353 . _:b663516035 . _:b666209394 . _:b666209352 . _:b666209356 . _:b663516032 . _:b665862729 "To say that b is a realizable entity is to say that b is a specifically dependent continuant that inheres in some independent continuant which is not a spatial region and is of a type instances of which are realized in processes of a correlated type. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [058-002])"@en . _:b666209358 . _:b665805695 . _:b666209359 . _:b666209357 . _:b663516033 . _:b663913077 . _:b666208767 . _:b663516038 . _:b665798195 . _:b666209180 . _:b663516039 . _:b666209396 . _:b666208709 . _:b663516036 . _:b666209366 . _:b665862195 "AAO:0000579"^^ . _:b666209388 . _:b663516037 . _:b666209385 . _:b666209367 . _:b666208739 . _:b666209384 . _:b663516042 . _:b666209386 . _:b665805688 . _:b666209364 . _:b663516043 . _:b666209361 . _:b665805689 . _:b666209153 . _:b666209389 . _:b666209365 . _:b666209360 . _:b663516040 . _:b666209391 . _:b663516041 . _:b666209387 . _:b666209390 . _:b663516046 . _:b665798080 "MP:0004002"^^ . _:b666209362 . _:b663913086 . _:b663516047 . _:b666209363 . _:b666238399 . _:b663516044 . _:b663516045 . _:b666209374 . _:b663520280 . _:b663516018 . _:b665798204 . _:b663516019 . _:b666208706 . _:b663913059 . _:b666209370 . _:b663516016 . _:b666209379 . _:b666209162 . _:b666209371 . _:b666208744 . _:b666209383 . _:b663516017 . _:b663516022 . _:b666209375 . _:b665861941 "Simons uses different terminology for relations of occurrents to regions: Denote the spatio-temporal location of a given occurrent e by 'spn[e]' and call this region its span. We may say an occurrent is at its span, in any larger region, and covers any smaller region. Now suppose we have fixed a frame of reference so that we can speak not merely of spatio-temporal but also of spatial regions (places) and temporal regions (times). The spread of an occurrent, (relative to a frame of reference) is the space it exactly occupies, and its spell is likewise the time it exactly occupies. We write 'spr[e]' and `spl[e]' respectively for the spread and spell of e, omitting mention of the frame." . _:b666209369 . _:b666208750 . _:b663516023 . _:b666209368 . _:b663516020 . _:b663516021 . _:b663515767 "If an entity is a quality at any time that it exists, then it is a quality at every time that it exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [105-001])"@en . _:b666238298 . _:b665861424 . _:b665797937 "cjm"^^ . _:b663516026 . _:b665805641 . _:b663516027 . _:b665862198 "UMLS:C0038351"^^ . _:b663516024 . _:b663913068 . _:b663516025 . _:b663516030 . _:b665862149 . _:b666238289 . _:b663516031 . _:b665862150 . _:b665797886 . _:b663516028 . _:b665798827 "VHOG:0000053"^^ . _:b663516029 . _:b663515841 . _:b663913041 . _:b663516002 . _:b666208753 . _:b663516003 . _:b666209273 . _:b663516000 . _:b663516001 . _:b663516006 . _:b663913046 . _:b663516007 . _:b666209277 . _:b663516004 . _:b665862271 . _:b663520712 "For any independent continuant b and any time t there is some spatial region r such that b is located_in r at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [134-001])"@en . _:b663516005 . _:b666238192 "requested by Melanie Courtot" . _:b663516010 . _:b663913050 . _:b663516011 . _:b663520273 . _:b663516008 . _:b666238281 . _:b663516009 . _:b663516014 . _:b665862275 "BTO:0000651"^^ . _:b663516015 . _:b663516012 . _:b663516013 . _:b665805361 . _:b663515986 . _:b663520261 "Last portion of the large intestine before it becomes the rectum."^^ . _:b663913026 . _:b663515987 . _:b663515818 . _:b666209257 . _:b663515984 . _:b665806221 . _:b663515985 . _:b665805373 . _:b663515990 . _:b665806460 . _:b663914134 . _:b663515991 . _:b663913031 . _:b663515988 . _:b666209262 . _:b663515989 . _:b665862679 "if b is a continuant and if, for some t, c has_continuant_part b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [126-001])"@en . _:b663515994 . _:b666208690 . _:b663515995 . _:b663515992 . _:b665805348 . _:b666209234 . _:b663913036 . _:b663515993 . _:b665805347 . _:b665862244 . _:b665862246 . _:b663515998 . _:b665862245 . _:b663515999 . _:b665862835 . _:b663515996 . _:b666238430 "cjm"^^ . _:b663515997 . _:b663914157 . _:b663515970 . _:b663515971 . _:b665861254 "A one-dimensional spatial region is a line or aggregate of lines stretching from one point in space to another. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [038-001])"@en . _:b663515968 . _:b663913140 . _:b666209337 "(iff (IndependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (not (exists (b t) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [017-002] " . _:b663515969 . _:b666209243 . _:b663515974 . _:b665805352 . _:b665806188 . _:b666238420 "cjm"^^ . _:b663515975 . _:b665805359 . _:b665805346 . _:b666208701 . _:b663515972 . _:b663515973 . _:b665805353 . _:b665805344 . _:b663515978 . _:b666209216 . _:b665805345 . _:b663515979 . _:b665805438 "A zero-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is without extent. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [102-001])"@en . _:b663516605 . _:b665805342 . _:b663515976 . _:b665805343 . _:b663515977 . _:b663515982 . _:b665862228 . _:b665805341 . _:b663515983 . _:b663515980 . _:b665805334 . _:b663515981 . _:b665805335 . _:b663515954 . _:b663913122 . _:b666238440 "cjm"^^ . _:b663515955 . _:b666209225 . _:b663515952 . _:b663515953 . _:b663520042 "every entity of which a material entity is continuant part is also a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [021-002])"@en . _:b665860549 . _:b663515958 . _:b665862221 . _:b663515959 . _:b663515956 . _:b665805336 . _:b665862627 . _:b665798931 "FBbt:00100316"^^ . _:b665806172 "(iff (OneDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [032-001] " . _:b663515957 . _:b663914150 . _:b663515962 . _:b665798952 . _:b666208824 . _:b663515963 . _:b666208825 . _:b666209071 . _:b663521064 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663516589 . _:b666208337 . _:b663913131 . _:b663515960 . _:b666208826 . _:b666208721 . _:b663515961 . _:b665798955 . _:b666208827 . _:b666208819 . _:b663515966 . _:b666208828 . _:b663515967 . _:b666208829 . _:b666238220 . _:b666208341 . _:b663515964 . _:b666208830 . _:b665861183 "Entity doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example Werner Ceusters 'portions of reality' include 4 sorts, entities (as BFO construes them), universals, configurations, and relations. It is an open question as to whether entities as construed in BFO will at some point also include these other portions of reality. See, for example, 'How to track absolutely everything' at http://www.referent-tracking.com/_RTU/papers/CeustersICbookRevised.pdf"@en . _:b665863045 "MGI:csmith"^^ . _:b663913104 . _:b663515965 . _:b665861512 . _:b665862210 . _:b665862208 . _:b665797873 . _:b663515938 . _:b666208816 . _:b665862209 . _:b666208346 . _:b663515939 . _:b666208817 . _:b663515936 . _:b665805324 . _:b666208818 . _:b666208344 . _:b663515937 . _:b665805323 . _:b665805326 . _:b663515942 . _:b666208820 . _:b666208350 . _:b663515943 . _:b663515940 . _:b663914014 "(forall (x) (if (RealizableEntity x) (and (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (inheresIn x y)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [058-002] " . _:b663515941 . _:b665798735 "BTO:0001307"^^ . _:b666208823 . _:b663913113 . _:b666238449 "cjm"^^ . _:b663515946 . _:b666208808 . _:b666208798 . _:b665805325 . _:b663515947 . _:b666208809 . _:b666208799 . _:b665805428 . _:b663515944 . _:b666208810 . _:b666208802 . _:b663515945 . _:b666208811 . _:b663515950 . _:b665806134 . _:b663515951 . _:b666208813 . _:b663521063 "the portion of the small intestine that extends from the jejunum to the colon"^^ . _:b665806135 . _:b663515948 . _:b665862992 "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665805425 . _:b663913283 "(forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [038-001] " . _:b663515949 . _:b665806133 . _:b663515922 . _:b665860541 "b is a process_profile =Def. there is some process c such that b process_profile_of c (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [093-002])"@en . _:b665805536 . _:b666238344 "cjm"^^ . _:b663515923 . _:b666208922 . _:b665805436 . _:b663515920 . _:b666208328 . _:b666208923 . _:b665805435 . _:b663515921 . _:b666208803 . _:b666208920 . _:b665805438 . _:b665860790 "NCBITaxon:32443"^^ . _:b663515926 . _:b666208804 . _:b663520347 . _:b666208812 . _:b666208921 . _:b663515927 . _:b663520346 . _:b663913095 . _:b666238343 "cjm"^^ . _:b666208333 . _:b663515924 . _:b666238547 . _:b665805433 . _:b663515925 . _:b666208807 . _:b666208371 . _:b666208924 . _:b663515930 . _:b666208792 . _:b665805545 . _:b666208925 . _:b663515931 . _:b666208793 . _:b666238204 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathogenic_bacteria" . _:b663515928 . _:b666208368 . _:b663515929 . _:b665805414 . _:b666239007 . _:b663515934 . _:b666238252 . _:b666208374 . _:b663515935 . _:b663521036 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665862878 . _:b663516069 "UMLS:C0022378"^^ . _:b666208918 . _:b665805408 . _:b663515932 . _:b666208798 . _:b665862877 . _:b666208919 . _:b666238366 "cjm"^^ . _:b663515933 . _:b666208799 . _:b666238421 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b666208791 . _:b666238299 "Segment of the alimentary canal extending from the stomach to the anus and, in humans and other mammals, consists of two segments, the small intestine and the large intestine."^^ . _:b666208379 . _:b663515906 . _:b666208784 . _:b663913202 . _:b663515907 . _:b666208785 . _:b663515904 . _:b666208376 . _:b663515905 . _:b663913205 . _:b663515910 . _:b665861971 "Every spatiotemporal region s is such that s occupies_spatiotemporal_region s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [107-002])"@en . _:b663515911 . _:b666208797 . _:b665862300 . _:b666208381 . _:b665805416 . _:b663520700 "(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (continuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [009-002] " . _:b663515908 . _:b663913208 . _:b665862245 "TAO:0000706"^^ . _:b665805423 . _:b663515909 . _:b665862247 . _:b666208355 . _:b663515914 . _:b666208776 . _:b665862246 . _:b666238129 "(iff (Process a) (and (Occurrent a) (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)) (exists (c t) (and (MaterialEntity c) (specificallyDependsOnAt a c t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [083-003] " . _:b663515915 . _:b665862245 . _:b666208353 . _:b663515912 . _:b665862244 . _:b663515913 . _:b665862243 . _:b666208359 . _:b663515918 . _:b663521055 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665805399 . _:b666238990 . _:b663515919 . _:b665862241 . _:b665860752 "AAO:0010400"^^ . _:b665805392 . _:b663515916 . _:b663520989 "EHDAA2"^^ . _:b666208782 . _:b665861278 "every entity of which a material entity is continuant part is also a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [021-002])"@en . _:b665860804 . _:b665862240 . _:b663515917 . _:b663516136 . _:b665860805 . _:b666208783 . _:b665805396 . _:b665860566 "url:http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf" . _:b665805394 . _:b666208362 . _:b665805397 . _:b666208769 . _:b663515832 . _:b665862291 . _:b666208770 . _:b663914074 "A history is a process that is the sum of the totality of processes taking place in the spatiotemporal region occupied by a material entity or site, including processes on the surface of the entity or within the cavities to which it serves as host. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [138-001])"@en . _:b665805405 . _:b666208771 . _:b663515838 . _:b666208772 . _:b665861279 "(forall (x) (if (MaterialEntity x) (IndependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [019-002] " . _:b663913677 "FBbt:00100316"^^ . _:b666208773 . _:b666208774 . _:b663521045 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665862282 . _:b666208364 . _:b666239178 "VHOG:0000052"^^ . _:b665805401 . _:b666208775 . _:b665862283 . _:b666239056 "1"^^ . _:b665862281 . _:b666208888 . _:b665805403 . _:b666239057 "1"^^ . _:b666208890 . _:b666239062 "1"^^ . _:b665805381 . _:b666239061 "1"^^ . _:b665805383 . _:b665797484 . _:b666208893 . _:b666208894 . _:b666238394 . _:b665805377 . _:b666208895 . _:b665805686 "ncithesaurus:Jejunum"^^ . _:b663515706 . _:b663913170 . _:b666208881 . _:b666208889 . _:b665862272 . _:b665862394 . _:b665805535 . _:b665862395 . _:b665805390 . _:b663913174 . _:b665861954 "A spatial region is a continuant entity that is a continuant_part_of spaceR as defined relative to some frame R. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [035-001])"@en . _:b666238391 "cjm"^^ . _:b666208887 . _:b665805388 . _:b665862148 . _:b665797479 . _:b663913178 . _:b665862149 . _:b665862150 . _:b665861394 "ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.566"^^ . _:b665862151 . _:b663521186 _:b663521192 . _:b666208877 . _:b663913412 . _:b666208878 . _:b665862147 . _:b663521010 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663913154 . _:b666208865 . _:b665798515 . _:b665798517 . _:b665798516 . _:b663913159 . _:b665798518 . _:b665797851 . _:b665862382 . _:b665862280 "ISBN:0815318960"^^ . _:b666208856 . _:b665862676 "An entity is anything that exists or has existed or will exist. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [001-001])"@en . _:b666208858 . _:b666238345 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b663520973 "VHOG"^^ . _:b666238960 . _:b666208863 . _:b663913777 . _:b665860602 . _:b663515892 . _:b663520960 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665860603 . _:b666238298 "cjm"^^ . _:b665860604 . _:b666208851 . _:b665860605 . _:b665860437 . _:b666208852 . _:b663913782 . _:b665863046 "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]"^^ . _:b666208853 . _:b665860601 . _:b665798551 "(forall (x) (if (Function x) (Disposition x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [064-001] " . _:b665860592 . _:b666238289 "cjm"^^ . _:b666208840 . _:b666208841 . _:b666238949 . _:b663913787 . _:b665798582 . _:b666208842 . _:b663520985 "VHOG"^^ . _:b666208843 . _:b666208844 . _:b665862978 "caeca"^^ . _:b666238941 "A zero-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is without extent. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [102-001])"@en . _:b666208845 . _:b663515872 . _:b663515873 . _:b663913762 . _:b663515879 . _:b666209315 "An entity is anything that exists or has existed or will exist. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [001-001])"@en . _:b663515874 . _:b663913767 . _:b665860591 . _:b666239032 . _:b663515870 . _:b663515842 . _:b665860786 . _:b665805369 . _:b666208945 . _:b666208465 . _:b665860784 . _:b666208954 . _:b665805368 . _:b663913974 "(forall (x) (iff (Occurrent x) (and (Entity x) (exists (y) (temporalPartOf y x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [079-001] " . _:b663913772 . _:b665860785 . _:b666208955 . _:b666208471 . _:b665805370 . _:b665860576 . _:b663913351 . _:b666208957 . _:b665805440 . _:b665860542 "b process_profile_of c holds when b proper_occurrent_part_of c& there is some proper_occurrent_part d of c which has no parts in common with b & is mutually dependent on b& is such that b, c and d occupy the same temporal region (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [094-005])"@en . _:b666208950 . _:b663515871 . _:b666208468 . _:b666208474 . _:b663914352 . _:b665860795 . _:b665805361 . _:b666208946 . _:b665805363 . _:b663515860 . _:b665805362 . _:b666208956 . _:b663515861 . _:b665860939 . _:b666208949 . _:b665805365 . _:b666208477 . _:b665860938 . _:b665860796 . _:b665805364 . _:b666208951 . _:b665805367 . _:b666208936 . _:b665805366 . _:b666208450 . _:b663914365 . _:b663516076 "MGI:csmith"^^ . _:b666208453 . _:b665860563 . _:b666208459 . _:b666209449 "A disease of anatomical entity that is located_in the gastrointestinal tract." . _:b665797746 "(forall (x y t) (if (and (SpatialRegion x) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)) (SpatialRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [036-001] " . _:b663914336 . _:b663515845 . _:b666208456 . _:b663914341 . _:b666208462 . _:b665805381 . _:b663914347 . _:b666208935 . _:b666238506 "FMA:71131"^^ . _:b665805382 . _:b666208498 . _:b665806465 . _:b663520904 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665860569 . _:b665805401 . _:b666238505 "FMA:71131"^^ . _:b665805402 . _:b666208592 "Spatial region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the union of a spatial point and a spatial line that doesn't overlap the point, or two spatial lines that intersect at a single point. In both cases the resultant spatial region is neither 0-dimensional, 1-dimensional, 2-dimensional, or 3-dimensional."@en . _:b666208502 . _:b665860573 . _:b663516403 . _:b663913383 . _:b666208926 . _:b665805656 . _:b666208927 . _:b663913841 . _:b666208506 . _:b663914169 "ncithesaurus:Large_Intestine"^^ . _:b666208915 . _:b666208916 . _:b666238290 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b666208917 . _:b666208509 . _:b665806478 . _:b666238142 "(forall (x) (if (Quality x) (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [055-001] " . _:b666208483 . _:b666208904 . _:b663913850 . _:b666208905 . _:b666208906 . _:b666208898 . _:b666208480 . _:b666208907 . _:b663913367 . _:b666208486 . _:b663520914 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665798590 . _:b666208896 . _:b666208897 . _:b666208489 . _:b666208899 . _:b666208495 . _:b665805410 . _:b665805411 . _:b665805412 . _:b666208902 . _:b663913832 . _:b666208492 . _:b666238871 "(forall (x y) (if (and (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (SpatioTemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [096-001] " . _:b665805413 . _:b666208903 . _:b663520251 . _:b665805414 . _:b663520250 . _:b665805415 . _:b666208401 . _:b666209018 . _:b665805434 . _:b666209011 . _:b665805433 . _:b666209022 . _:b666208404 . _:b666209023 . _:b666208411 . _:b663914289 . _:b665798616 "1"^^ . _:b665862941 "AAO:0000579"^^ . _:b665861253 "(forall (x) (if (FiatObjectPart x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y) (and (Object y) (properContinuantPartOfAt x y t)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [027-004] " . _:b665798617 "1"^^ . _:b666209017 . _:b666209010 . _:b666208408 . _:b666238506 . _:b666209012 . _:b666238275 . _:b663914300 "VHOG:0000055"^^ . _:b663913814 . _:b666208414 . _:b666238504 . _:b666238505 . _:b666209015 . _:b666208386 . _:b666209001 . _:b666208384 . _:b666208995 . _:b666208391 . _:b666209004 . _:b666238952 . _:b666209005 . _:b663913823 . _:b666208389 . _:b663913792 . _:b665861526 "ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.566"^^ . _:b666209007 . _:b666209000 . _:b666208394 . _:b663520262 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b663913796 . _:b666208399 . _:b666208996 . _:b666209006 . _:b666208396 . _:b666208999 . _:b666208435 . _:b663914280 . _:b666208986 . _:b663516076 "MP:0002581"^^ . _:b666208432 . _:b666208987 . _:b663913805 . _:b666208988 . _:b666208980 . _:b666208438 . _:b666208989 . _:b665862196 "DOI:10.1046/j.1525-142x.2000.00076.x Smith DM, Grasty RC, Theodosiou NA, Tabin CJ, Nascone-Yoder NM, Evolutionary relationships between the amphibian, avian, and mammalian stomachs. Evolution and development (2000)"^^ . _:b663914451 . _:b666208990 . _:b666208991 . _:b663913905 . _:b663515811 "b process_profile_of c holds when b proper_occurrent_part_of c& there is some proper_occurrent_part d of c which has no parts in common with b & is mutually dependent on b& is such that b, c and d occupy the same temporal region (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [094-005])"@en . _:b666208441 . _:b666208978 . _:b666208979 . _:b666208447 . _:b666208981 . _:b666208982 . _:b666208444 . _:b665805572 . _:b666208968 . _:b666208969 . _:b666208961 . _:b666239039 "BTO:0000706"^^ . _:b666208417 . _:b666208970 . _:b663913916 . _:b666208971 . _:b666208423 . _:b666208972 . _:b666208973 . _:b663515800 "Every entity which has a material entity as continuant part is a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [020-002])"@en . _:b665863123 "GO:0060465"^^ . _:b666208420 . _:b666208975 . _:b666208960 . _:b666208426 . _:b663914432 . _:b663914439 . _:b665860642 . _:b666208962 . _:b665862299 "MGI:csmith"^^ . _:b665860863 "subdivision of alimentary system"^^ . _:b666208965 . _:b666208429 . _:b666208966 . _:b666208974 . _:b666208967 . _:b665805676 "In fish, the divisions of the small intestine are not as clear, and the terms anterior intestine or proximal intestine may be used instead of duodenum."^^ . _:b663516768 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b663914318 "MGI:monikat"^^ . _:b663520196 . _:b666209804 . _:b663913900 . _:b663914445 . _:b666238174 "Every entity which has a material entity as continuant part is a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [020-002])"@en . _:b666209597 . _:b666209598 . _:b666209599 . _:b666209801 . _:b665805362 "All parts of spatiotemporal regions are spatiotemporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [096-001])"@en . _:b663519997 "b is a disposition means: b is a realizable entity & b\u2019s bearer is some material entity & b is such that if it ceases to exist, then its bearer is physically changed, & b\u2019s realization occurs when and because this bearer is in some special physical circumstances, & this realization occurs in virtue of the bearer\u2019s physical make-up. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [062-002])"@en . _:b666209586 . _:b666209587 . _:b663913877 . _:b666209588 . _:b663516769 "VHOG:0000648"^^ . _:b666209300 . _:b666209589 . _:b666209590 . _:b666209591 . _:b666209576 . _:b665797780 "If an entity is a quality at any time that it exists, then it is a quality at every time that it exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [105-001])"@en . _:b666209666 . _:b666209667 . _:b666209664 . _:b663913886 . _:b666209665 . _:b666209670 . _:b666238198 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infectious_disease" . _:b666209671 . _:b666209668 . _:b666209295 . _:b666209669 . _:b666209569 . _:b663913859 . _:b663516794 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b665798706 . _:b666209570 . _:b666209290 . _:b666209571 . _:b666238258 . _:b666209572 . _:b665798743 . _:b666209573 . _:b666209285 . _:b666209574 . _:b666209575 . _:b666209562 . _:b665805394 "A one-dimensional spatial region is a line or aggregate of lines stretching from one point in space to another. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [038-001])"@en . _:b663913868 . _:b666209563 . _:b666209564 . _:b666209566 . _:b666209558 . _:b663914386 . _:b665862030 "(iff (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ImmaterialEntity a) (exists (b) (and (or (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b)) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))) (not (exists (c t) (and (SpatialRegion c) (continuantPartOfAt c a t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [029-001] " . _:b666209553 . _:b663914391 . _:b666209554 . _:b666209555 . _:b665862281 "The fixed portion of the small intestine deeply lodged in the posterior wall of the abdomen and extending from the pylorus to the beginning of the jejunum. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b666209556 . _:b666209557 . _:b666209565 . _:b666209470 . _:b666209559 . _:b665861636 "The first chamber in the alimentary canal of a ruminant stomach, composed of the rumen and reticulum."^^ . _:b666209544 . _:b665863139 . _:b666209545 . _:b665863138 . _:b666209537 . _:b665805372 . _:b665805373 . _:b663914397 . _:b665805374 . _:b666238798 "0.0"^^ . _:b666209549 . _:b663914176 "GOC:GO"^^ . _:b665805375 . _:b666209550 . _:b665805368 . _:b666209543 . _:b665805369 . _:b663913954 . _:b665805370 . _:b665805371 . _:b666209538 . _:b665805364 . _:b663913476 "An expanded region of the vertebrate alimentary tract that serves as a food storage compartment and digestive organ. A stomach is lined, in whole or in part by a glandular epithelium."^^ . _:b666209539 . _:b665805365 . _:b666209548 . _:b665805366 . _:b663914372 . _:b665805367 . _:b665805360 . _:b665797769 . _:b665805361 . _:b666238803 "0.0"^^ . _:b666239176 . _:b665805362 . _:b665797771 . _:b665805363 . _:b665797770 . _:b665805356 . _:b665805357 . _:b665797772 . _:b665805358 . _:b666209661 . _:b665798606 . _:b666238813 "0.0"^^ . _:b665805359 . _:b666209662 . _:b665805352 . _:b663516814 "VHOG:0000053"^^ . _:b666209663 . _:b665805353 . _:b663914108 . _:b666209648 . _:b665805354 . _:b663914416 . _:b666209649 . _:b666239092 "AAO:0000579"^^ . _:b665805355 . _:b666209650 . _:b665798204 . _:b665805348 . _:b666238808 "0.0"^^ . _:b666209651 . _:b666238216 . _:b665805349 . _:b666209652 . _:b665862246 "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665805350 . _:b666209653 . _:b666238362 "ncithesaurus:Esophagus"^^ . _:b665805351 . _:b663914427 . _:b665805344 . _:b665805345 . _:b666209640 . _:b665805346 . _:b666209641 . _:b666239195 . _:b665805347 . _:b666209642 . _:b666208572 "if b is a continuant and if, for some t, c has_continuant_part b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [126-001])"@en . _:b663913948 . _:b665805340 . _:b666209643 . _:b666239141 "AAO:0010400"^^ . _:b666209635 . . _:b665805341 . _:b665805342 . . _:b666209645 . _:b663913951 . _:b665805343 . _:b663913920 . _:b665805336 . _:b663914402 . _:b665805337 . _:b665805338 . _:b666209633 . _:b665805339 . _:b666209634 . _:b666239186 . _:b663913924 . _:b665805332 . _:b666208779 "VHOG:0000054"^^ . _:b665862232 "caeca"^^ . _:b666238203 . _:b665861498 "AAO:0010400"^^ . _:b665805333 . _:b666209636 . _:b666209644 . _:b665805334 . _:b665805335 . _:b665805328 . _:b666209639 . _:b665805329 . _:b666209624 . _:b665805330 . _:b663914408 . _:b665805331 . _:b665798794 . _:b663520300 . _:b665862300 "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665805324 . _:b663520301 . _:b666209627 . _:b665805325 . _:b665805326 . _:b665805327 . _:b666239137 . _:b663913530 . _:b663913531 . _:b665805323 . _:b663914263 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b663913533 . _:b663914262 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b663912969 . _:b663913520 . _:b666209623 . _:b663913521 . _:b666209609 . _:b663516506 "To say that b is a realizable entity is to say that b is a specifically dependent continuant that inheres in some independent continuant which is not a spatial region and is of a type instances of which are realized in processes of a correlated type. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [058-002])"@en . _:b663914079 . _:b663913524 . _:b663913532 . _:b665805436 . _:b666209611 . _:b665805437 . _:b665805438 . _:b663914265 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b665805439 . _:b663912968 . _:b663914264 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b666239166 . _:b665805432 . _:b665805433 . _:b665805434 . _:b665805435 . _:b666209602 . _:b665805428 . _:b665805429 . _:b666209604 . _:b665805430 . _:b665805431 . _:b665805424 . _:b665805425 . _:b663913506 . _:b666239112 . _:b665861213 "A temporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of time as defined relative to some reference frame. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [100-001])"@en . _:b665805426 . _:b666209721 . _:b665805427 . _:b663913508 . _:b665805420 . _:b665805421 . _:b666209724 . _:b665805422 . _:b666209725 . _:b665805423 . _:b663913496 . _:b665805416 . _:b666209727 . _:b665805417 . _:b666209712 . _:b666209720 . _:b665805418 . _:b666209713 . _:b663913499 . _:b665805419 . _:b666209714 . _:b665805412 . _:b663914102 . _:b666209715 . _:b663913501 . _:b665805413 . _:b666209716 . _:b665805414 . _:b666209717 . _:b665805415 . _:b666209718 . _:b663913488 . _:b666209726 . _:b665805408 . _:b663914106 . _:b666209719 . _:b665805409 . _:b666209696 . _:b665805410 . _:b665805411 . _:b666209706 . _:b665805404 . _:b663913257 "(forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [095-001] " . _:b663914297 "2"^^ . _:b663519990 "(forall (r) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [107-002] " . _:b665805405 . _:b666209708 . _:b663913494 . _:b665805406 . _:b663913495 . _:b665805407 . _:b666209702 . _:b665805400 . _:b666209711 . _:b665805401 . _:b665805402 . _:b666209697 . _:b665798044 . _:b663913483 . _:b665805403 . _:b663913484 . _:b665805396 . _:b663913485 . _:b666209707 . _:b665805397 . _:b666209700 . _:b665798041 . _:b663913486 . _:b665805398 . _:b666209701 . _:b663913487 . _:b665805399 . _:b663913472 . _:b665805392 . _:b663914090 . _:b666209703 . _:b663913473 . _:b665805393 . _:b665805684 "MGI:monikat"^^ . _:b666238888 "(forall (x) (if (Quality x) (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [055-001] " . _:b665805394 . _:b663520071 . _:b663913371 . _:b665805395 . _:b663520007 "a quality is a specifically dependent continuant that, in contrast to roles and dispositions, does not require any further process in order to be realized. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [055-001])"@en . _:b665805388 . _:b665805389 . _:b665798016 . _:b666209692 . _:b665805390 . _:b665805391 . _:b663913592 . _:b665805384 . _:b666209695 . _:b665798756 "the terminal portion of the intestinal tube, terminating with the anus"^^ . _:b665805385 . _:b663913594 . _:b665805386 . _:b666209681 . _:b665805387 . _:b666209682 . _:b663913588 . _:b665805380 . _:b665798453 "100.0"^^ . _:b663913597 . _:b666209691 . _:b665805381 . _:b665798133 . . _:b663913598 . _:b665805382 . _:b665805383 . _:b665798448 "100.0"^^ . _:b665805376 . _:b665798043 . _:b665798600 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_gastrointestinal_tract" . _:b663913593 . _:b665805377 . _:b665860780 "Intestinal surface area also is increased in amphibians and reptiles by internal folds and occasionally by a few villi. The intestine can be divided into a small intestine and a slightly wider large intestine.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b666209672 . _:b665805378 . _:b666209673 . _:b665805379 . _:b663913589 . _:b665798443 "100.0"^^ . _:b663913599 . _:b666239089 . _:b666238535 . _:b665798438 "100.0"^^ . _:b663913578 . _:b663913579 . _:b665798660 . _:b665797870 "1"^^ . _:b663516557 "b process_profile_of c holds when b proper_occurrent_part_of c& there is some proper_occurrent_part d of c which has no parts in common with b & is mutually dependent on b& is such that b, c and d occupy the same temporal region (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [094-005])"@en . _:b665798138 . _:b665797871 "1"^^ . _:b663913569 . _:b663913570 . _:b665860553 "(forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [102-001] " . _:b666209786 . _:b665798053 . _:b666238206 . _:b666209788 . _:b666238536 . _:b665798050 . _:b663914405 . _:b663913560 . _:b666209782 . _:b666209791 . _:b663520163 . _:b666209776 . _:b666209777 . _:b666209778 . _:b666209787 . _:b665862942 "DOI:10.1046/j.1525-142x.2000.00076.x Smith DM, Grasty RC, Theodosiou NA, Tabin CJ, Nascone-Yoder NM, Evolutionary relationships between the amphibian, avian, and mammalian stomachs. Evolution and development (2000)"^^ . _:b666239044 . _:b665798058 . _:b665797676 . _:b666209781 . _:b665798057 . _:b666209783 . _:b666209768 . _:b666209769 . _:b666209770 . _:b666239127 "VHOG:0001559"^^ . _:b665797931 "ncithesaurus:Large_Intestine"^^ . _:b666209763 . _:b666209772 . _:b663913558 . _:b663913559 . _:b663913572 "MGI:monikat"^^ . _:b665805260 . _:b665805261 . _:b666209775 . _:b663913545 . _:b665805262 . _:b663913546 . _:b665797981 . _:b665805263 . _:b666209761 . _:b663913547 . _:b666239095 "UMLS:C0038351"^^ . _:b665805256 . _:b663913548 . _:b665805257 . _:b663913549 . _:b666209771 . _:b663913541 . _:b665805258 . _:b666209764 . _:b663913550 . _:b666238561 . _:b665805259 . _:b665805252 . _:b663913536 . _:b665805253 . _:b663913537 . _:b665805254 . _:b663913538 . _:b665862377 "GO:0060465"^^ . _:b665805458 . _:b665805255 . _:b666209753 . _:b663913539 . _:b665805248 . _:b663913540 . _:b666209746 . _:b665805452 . _:b665805249 . _:b665805453 . _:b665805250 . _:b666209756 . _:b663913542 . _:b663520671 "100.0"^^ . _:b665805251 . _:b665805276 . _:b666209758 . _:b663914194 . _:b665805277 . _:b663913649 . _:b663521008 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b663520666 "100.0"^^ . _:b665805278 . _:b663913658 . _:b666209752 . _:b665805450 . _:b665805279 . _:b666209745 . _:b666209643 . _:b665805451 . _:b665805272 . _:b665805273 . _:b666209747 . _:b663913661 . _:b665805274 . _:b663913654 . _:b665805275 . _:b666209757 . _:b665805447 . _:b663914203 . _:b665805268 . _:b666209750 . _:b663914032 "ISBN:978-3-938793-98-5pp124-158#Thomas Bittner and Barry Smith, 'A Theory of Granular Partitions', in K. Munn and B. Smith (eds.), Applied Ontology: An Introduction, Frankfurt/Lancaster: ontos, 2008, 125-158." . _:b666238920 "Every entity which has a material entity as continuant part is a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [020-002])"@en . _:b663913648 . _:b665805440 . _:b665805346 "(iff (IndependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (not (exists (b t) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [017-002] " . _:b666209751 . _:b665805269 . . _:b665805441 . _:b663520822 "A disease is a disposition (i) to undergo pathological processes that (ii) exists in an organism because of one or more disorders in that organism." . _:b665805270 . _:b666209736 . _:b665798499 "(forall (x y) (if (and (TemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (TemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [101-001] " . _:b663913650 . _:b665805442 . _:b665805271 . _:b666209737 . _:b663913164 . _:b666239035 . _:b665805264 . _:b663913660 . _:b665805265 . _:b663913653 . _:b663520400 . _:b665805266 . _:b665805267 . _:b663913655 . _:b665805292 . _:b666209742 . _:b665805293 . _:b666209684 "ISBN:0-683-40008-8"^^ . _:b665805294 . _:b666209728 . _:b663913642 . _:b665805295 . _:b663914183 . _:b665798014 . _:b665805288 . _:b663913644 . _:b665805289 . _:b665805290 . _:b666209732 . _:b663913638 . _:b665805291 . _:b666209733 . _:b663913647 . _:b666209741 . _:b665805284 . _:b666209734 . _:b663913632 . _:b665805285 . _:b666209735 . _:b663913633 . _:b665805286 . _:b663913634 . _:b663913528 "VHOG:0000648"^^ . _:b665805287 . _:b663913643 . _:b665805280 . _:b666208595 "(forall (x y t) (if (and (SpatialRegion x) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)) (SpatialRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [036-001] " . _:b663520027 "b is a site means: b is a three-dimensional immaterial entity that is (partially or wholly) bounded by a material entity or it is a three-dimensional immaterial part thereof. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [034-002])"@en . _:b663914299 "TAO:0001323"^^ . _:b666238770 . _:b665805281 . _:b666238481 . _:b663914189 . _:b665805282 . _:b665860561 "A disease by infectious agent that results_in infection, has_material_basis_in Bacteria." . _:b665805283 . _:b663913639 . _:b665805308 . _:b666238482 . _:b663913624 . _:b665805544 . _:b665805309 . _:b666238484 . _:b663913625 . _:b663913617 . _:b665805545 . _:b665805310 . _:b663516024 "UMLS:C0009368"^^ . _:b665805311 . _:b665805304 . _:b666238487 . _:b665805305 . _:b663913629 . _:b666238465 . _:b665805541 . . _:b665805306 . _:b663913630 . _:b665805542 . _:b665805307 . _:b663520987 "intestinum rectum"^^ . _:b663913631 . _:b663913623 . _:b665805543 . _:b665805300 . _:b663913616 . _:b665860930 . _:b665805536 . _:b665805301 . _:b665861488 "blind intestine"^^ . _:b665805302 . _:b665797958 . _:b666238214 . _:b663913618 . _:b666238756 . _:b665805303 . _:b665797959 . _:b663520743 "b is a disposition means: b is a realizable entity & b\u2019s bearer is some material entity & b is such that if it ceases to exist, then its bearer is physically changed, & b\u2019s realization occurs when and because this bearer is in some special physical circumstances, & this realization occurs in virtue of the bearer\u2019s physical make-up. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [062-002])"@en . _:b665805296 . _:b665805532 . _:b665805297 . _:b663913621 . _:b663520972 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b665805533 . _:b665805298 . _:b665797954 . _:b663913622 . _:b665805534 . _:b663520371 . _:b665805299 . _:b665797955 . _:b666238490 . _:b665805535 . _:b665805196 . _:b663913608 . _:b663914210 . _:b665805197 . _:b663913609 . _:b665805198 . _:b663913610 . _:b665805199 . _:b663913611 . _:b663913568 . _:b665805192 . _:b663913612 . _:b663913604 . _:b663520681 "100.0"^^ . _:b665805193 . _:b663913613 . _:b665805194 . _:b663913614 . _:b665806071 "Continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example, in an expansion involving bringing in some of Ceuster's other portions of reality, questions are raised as to whether universals are continuants"@en . _:b665805195 . _:b663913615 . _:b666238451 "VHOG:0000647"^^ . _:b663520676 "100.0"^^ . _:b665805188 . _:b663913600 . _:b665805189 . _:b666238508 . _:b665805190 . _:b665805191 . _:b663913603 . _:b666209555 . _:b665805184 . _:b666238511 . _:b663520959 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b665805185 . _:b663913605 . _:b665805186 . _:b665805187 . _:b666238497 . _:b665805212 . _:b665863020 "intestinum tenue"^^ . _:b665805213 . _:b665863021 "intestinum tenue"^^ . _:b665805214 . _:b663914128 . _:b666209605 "ISBN:0-683-40008-8"^^ . _:b665805215 . _:b666209305 . _:b665805208 . _:b663913716 . _:b665805209 . _:b663914133 . _:b665860648 "Intestinal surface area also is increased in amphibians and reptiles by internal folds and occasionally by a few villi. The intestine can be divided into a small intestine and a slightly wider large intestine.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665805210 . _:b663521010 "VHOG:0000648"^^ . _:b666209308 . _:b665805211 . _:b663913441 . _:b663914139 . _:b665805204 . _:b663913442 . _:b666208585 "(forall (x) (iff (Occurrent x) (and (Entity x) (exists (y) (temporalPartOf y x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [079-001] " . _:b665805205 . _:b666209311 . _:b663913721 . _:b665805206 . _:b665805207 . _:b666209281 . _:b665805200 . _:b665805628 . _:b665805201 . _:b663913465 . _:b665797936 . _:b665805629 . _:b665805202 . _:b665805630 . _:b665805203 . _:b665805631 . _:b665805228 . _:b665805624 . _:b665805229 . _:b663913697 . _:b665805625 . _:b665805230 . _:b665805626 . _:b665805231 . _:b665805627 . _:b665805224 . _:b663914118 . _:b665805225 . _:b665805621 . _:b665805226 . _:b663913458 . _:b665805622 . _:b665805227 . _:b666238278 . _:b665805623 . _:b666209060 . _:b665805220 . _:b663913696 . _:b665805616 . _:b665805221 . _:b665798076 "upper intestine"^^ . _:b665797927 . _:b663913562 . _:b665805617 . _:b665805222 . _:b663913698 . _:b665797926 . _:b663913563 . _:b665805223 . _:b665797943 . _:b665798512 "(forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (TemporalRegion y) (temporallyProjectsOnto x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [098-001] " . _:b665805619 . _:b665805216 . _:b663913561 . _:b666209808 . _:b665805612 . _:b663515660 . _:b665805217 . _:b663913701 . _:b663913566 . _:b663515662 . _:b665805218 . _:b663515664 . _:b666209059 . _:b663913567 . _:b665805614 . _:b663515661 . _:b665805219 . _:b665798616 . _:b663913564 . _:b665805615 . _:b665805244 . _:b663913688 . _:b663913565 . _:b665805245 . _:b663913689 . _:b665805609 . _:b665805246 . _:b665797950 . _:b663913690 . _:b663520913 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b665805610 . _:b665805247 . _:b665805240 . _:b663913692 . _:b663913684 . _:b665805604 . _:b665805241 . _:b665797949 . _:b665805605 . _:b665805242 . _:b665805243 . _:b663913695 . _:b665805236 . _:b665797944 . _:b663913680 . _:b666238052 "0.0"^^ . _:b665805237 . _:b665805601 . _:b665805238 . _:b665805602 . _:b665805239 . _:b663913683 . _:b663913691 . _:b665805603 . _:b665805232 . _:b665805233 . _:b663913685 . _:b665805234 . _:b666238062 "0.0"^^ . _:b665805235 . _:b665797707 "100.0"^^ . . _:b665805132 . _:b663913672 . _:b666209796 . _:b665805592 . _:b665805133 . _:b666209433 "url:https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/general/index.html" . _:b663913673 . _:b665805593 . _:b665798780 "UBERON:0001155"^^ . _:b665797702 "100.0"^^ . _:b665805134 . _:b663913674 . _:b666209802 . _:b665805594 . _:b666209631 "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663913218 "(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (continuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [009-002] " . _:b663914144 . _:b665805135 . _:b663913675 . _:b666238057 "0.0"^^ . _:b665805128 . _:b663913668 . _:b665805588 . _:b665805129 . _:b665805589 . _:b663516710 . _:b665805130 . _:b663913678 . _:b665805590 . _:b666209471 . _:b663914148 . _:b663516527 "ISBN:978-3-938793-98-5pp124-158#Thomas Bittner and Barry Smith, 'A Theory of Granular Partitions', in K. Munn and B. Smith (eds.), Applied Ontology: An Introduction, Frankfurt/Lancaster: ontos, 2008, 125-158." . _:b665805131 . _:b663516587 . _:b665805591 . _:b665805124 . _:b663520261 . _:b665805125 . _:b665797697 "100.0"^^ . _:b663913665 . _:b666238067 "0.0"^^ . _:b665805126 . _:b665805687 "intestinum jejunum"^^ . _:b663515931 . _:b663913666 . _:b665805586 . _:b665805127 . _:b663913667 . _:b665805587 . _:b665805120 . _:b665805121 . _:b663913669 . _:b665805122 . _:b663914156 . _:b665805123 . _:b663913679 . _:b665805148 . _:b663914296 . _:b665797843 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathogenic_bacteria" . _:b666208836 "WP:Stomach#In_other_animals"^^ . _:b665805149 . _:b663913809 . _:b666238320 . _:b665805150 . _:b666209533 "GOC:GO"^^ . _:b665805151 . _:b663913815 . _:b666209592 . _:b665805144 . _:b665805145 . _:b666238966 . _:b665797917 . _:b665805146 . _:b663913812 . _:b665805147 . _:b663520073 . _:b665805140 . _:b663914288 . _:b663913818 . _:b665805141 . _:b663520241 "BTO:0001158"^^ . _:b665798746 "esophagus NOT part of gut in MA. part of gut in ZFA. part_of gut (via UGIT) in FMA. Consider splitting. Interspecies: The human oesophagus is 25 cm long and has a diameter of ca. 2 cm. Only little information was found on the oesophagus in rat, rabbit and pig. The oesophagus of rat (75 x 2 mm) and rabbit has no mucous glands and the cardia of the stomach has a well-developed sphincter, which prevents them from vomiting (Hebel and Stromberg, 1988; Manning et al., 1994). Morphologically the oesophagus is similar in man and pig; both are omnivores and have a non-keratinised epithelium, submucous glands and similar membrane enzymes. Like in humans, pigs can suffer from reflux oesophagitis and stress ulceration of the oesophagus. The pig oesophagus may therefore be a good model for investigation compared to the human oesophagus (Christie et al., 1995)"^^ . _:b665797860 . _:b665805142 . _:b665862873 . _:b665805143 . _:b663914291 . _:b665805136 . _:b663914292 . _:b665805692 . _:b665805137 . _:b665798751 "4"^^ . _:b663914293 . _:b665805693 . _:b663913821 . _:b665805138 . _:b663914294 . _:b665805694 . _:b665805139 . _:b663914295 . _:b665805695 . _:b665805164 . _:b665805688 . _:b665805165 . _:b663913635 "A proximal-distal subdivision of the digestive tract."^^ . _:b665805689 . _:b663913793 . _:b665805166 . _:b663914282 . _:b666238305 . _:b665805167 . _:b663914283 . _:b665806381 _:b665806382 . _:b665805160 . _:b663914284 . _:b665805684 . _:b665798595 "url:http://www2.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/mwmednlm?book=Medical&va=anatomic" . _:b665805161 . _:b663914285 . _:b665805685 . _:b663913797 . _:b665805162 . _:b663914286 . _:b663914278 . _:b665805686 . _:b665862775 "Continuant fiat boundary doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary and a one dimensional continuant fiat boundary that doesn't overlap it. The situation is analogous to temporal and spatial regions."@en . _:b665805163 . _:b665806365 _:b665806366 . _:b665805687 . _:b663913803 . _:b665805156 . _:b665805680 . _:b665805157 . _:b665805158 . _:b663913800 . _:b665805159 . _:b666209465 . _:b666209457 . _:b665805683 . _:b665805152 . _:b666209466 . _:b663914276 . _:b665805676 . _:b663913806 . _:b665805153 . _:b666209467 . _:b663914277 . _:b665805677 . _:b665805154 . _:b666209468 . _:b665805678 . _:b665805155 . _:b666209469 . _:b663914279 . _:b666209461 . _:b663914287 . _:b665805679 . _:b666209508 . _:b665805180 . _:b666209470 . _:b665861959 "A temporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of time as defined relative to some reference frame. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [100-001])"@en . _:b663913842 . _:b665806358 _:b665806359 . _:b665805181 . _:b666209471 . _:b665860790 . _:b665805673 . _:b665805182 . _:b666209456 . _:b663914266 . _:b665860791 . _:b665806356 _:b665806357 . _:b665805674 . _:b665805183 . _:b663914267 . _:b665863029 "In humans, the duodenum is a hollow jointed tube about 10-15 inches (25-38 centimetres) long connecting the stomach to the jejunum. It begins with the duodenal bulb and ends at the ligament of Treitz."^^ . _:b665805675 . _:b665805176 . _:b666209458 . _:b665805668 . _:b665805177 . _:b665805669 . _:b663913845 . _:b665805178 . _:b663914270 . _:b665805179 . _:b665798139 . _:b663913851 . _:b665805172 . _:b666209462 . _:b665805664 . _:b666209685 "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665805173 . _:b663515946 . _:b665805665 . _:b665805174 . _:b665805666 . _:b663913848 . _:b665805175 . _:b665805667 . _:b665805168 . _:b666209450 . _:b663913335 . _:b663913854 . _:b665805169 . _:b666209451 . _:b665805170 . _:b666209452 . _:b665798734 "UMLS:C0038351"^^ . _:b665805171 . _:b666209453 . _:b663913330 . _:b666209445 . _:b665805663 . _:b665798589 "A disease by infectious agent that results_in infection, has_material_basis_in Bacteria." . _:b663913827 . _:b666209454 . _:b666238374 "intestinum rectum"^^ . _:b666238351 . _:b666209455 . _:b666209440 . _:b663913329 . _:b663913341 . _:b663913824 . _:b663913340 . _:b663914252 . _:b663913830 . _:b663521046 . _:b663914254 . _:b663521047 . _:b663913338 . _:b666209446 . _:b663913339 . _:b663914240 . _:b663914241 . _:b663913833 . _:b663914242 . _:b665798022 "caeca"^^ . _:b663913839 . _:b665797692 "100.0"^^ . _:b666209435 . _:b663914245 . _:b665806273 . _:b663913836 . _:b663914247 . _:b665805084 . _:b663914360 . _:b663520664 _:b663520668 . _:b665805640 . _:b665805085 . _:b666209439 . _:b663914361 . _:b665805641 . _:b665805086 . _:b663914362 . _:b663913744 . _:b665805087 . _:b663913751 . _:b665805080 . _:b665860741 . _:b663914364 . _:b666209434 . _:b665805081 . _:b665860740 . _:b665805637 . _:b665805082 . _:b663520669 _:b663520673 . _:b665805638 . _:b663913748 . _:b665805083 . _:b663914367 . _:b665805639 . _:b666209484 . _:b663515736 "A temporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of time as defined relative to some reference frame. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [100-001])"@en . _:b665860618 . _:b663913753 . _:b665805078 . _:b663914354 . _:b663914087 "url:http://www2.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/mwmednlm?book=Medical&va=anatomic" . _:b665805634 . _:b665805079 . _:b663914355 . _:b663914363 . _:b665805635 . _:b663914356 . _:b663914357 . _:b663913757 . _:b663914358 . _:b663914359 . _:b665805100 . _:b665805449 . _:b663914344 . _:b663913730 . _:b666238383 . _:b666209493 . _:b665805101 . _:b663516604 . _:b665805102 . _:b663914346 . _:b665805103 . _:b663914339 . _:b663913735 . _:b665805096 . _:b665805748 . _:b665805097 . _:b663914349 . _:b665798632 . _:b665805749 . _:b663913733 . _:b665805098 . _:b665805099 . _:b663914351 . _:b663913739 . _:b665798766 "VHOG:0001559"^^ . _:b665805092 . _:b665805093 . _:b663914345 . _:b665805094 . _:b666209528 . _:b663914338 . _:b665805095 . _:b666209529 . _:b663913586 "lower intestine"^^ . _:b665860742 "blind intestine"^^ . _:b665805747 . _:b665805088 . _:b666209530 . _:b663914340 . _:b666208848 "DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1996.tb01658.x Mallatt J, Ventilation and the origin of jawed vertebrates: a new mouth. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (1996)"^^ . _:b663913742 . _:b665805089 . _:b666209531 . _:b666209354 "Each spatiotemporal region at any time t projects_onto some spatial region at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [099-001])"@en . _:b665805090 . _:b663914350 . _:b665805091 . _:b663914343 . _:b665805116 . _:b663913778 . _:b665805117 . _:b665805118 . _:b666209520 . _:b665805119 . _:b666209521 . _:b663913783 . _:b666238384 . _:b665805112 . _:b666209522 . _:b665805113 . _:b665805114 . _:b663913780 . _:b665805115 . _:b663914335 . _:b665805108 . _:b665805109 . _:b663913785 . _:b665805110 . _:b666209512 . _:b665798061 "TAO"^^ . _:b665805111 . _:b665805104 . _:b663914324 . _:b663913790 . _:b665805105 . _:b666209515 . _:b663914325 . _:b665805106 . _:b666209516 . _:b663520679 _:b663520683 . _:b663914334 . _:b663913788 . _:b665805107 . _:b666209517 . _:b663913763 . _:b666208938 "ISBN:0-683-40008-8"^^ . _:b666209518 . _:b665798422 . _:b666209519 . _:b666209511 . _:b666209504 . _:b665862812 . _:b663913760 . _:b663914315 . _:b665798758 "ncithesaurus:Rectum"^^ . _:b663520674 _:b663520678 . _:b663914316 . _:b666208576 "(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (hasContinuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [126-001] " . _:b666209507 . _:b663913765 . _:b666209508 . _:b663519966 "For any independent continuant b and any time t there is some spatial region r such that b is located_in r at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [134-001])"@en . _:b665806092 "(iff (IndependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (not (exists (b t) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [017-002] " . _:b666209509 . _:b666209510 . _:b663914304 . _:b663913253 "Every spatiotemporal region s is such that s occupies_spatiotemporal_region s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [107-002])"@en . _:b663913770 . _:b663914305 . _:b663914306 . _:b666209488 . _:b666238425 . _:b663913768 . _:b663913775 . _:b665798035 "TAO"^^ . _:b666209499 . _:b663913773 . _:b666209500 . _:b666238571 "To say that each spatiotemporal region s temporally_projects_onto some temporal region t is to say that t is the temporal extension of s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [080-003])"@en . _:b663914424 . _:b666209494 . _:b663914426 . _:b663913936 . _:b666209489 . _:b666209498 . _:b663914429 . _:b663913941 . _:b666209492 . _:b666209493 . _:b663914431 . _:b665798619 . _:b666238372 "The terminal portion of the large intestine between the ileo-pelvic colon and the anus. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665805696 . _:b663913946 . _:b666209495 . _:b666209503 . _:b663914425 . _:b665805697 . _:b666209480 . _:b663914418 . _:b666209472 . _:b665805698 . _:b666209481 . _:b663914419 . _:b665805699 . _:b666209482 . _:b663914420 . _:b663914421 . _:b666238395 "AAO"^^ . _:b663913949 . _:b665861552 . _:b666209484 . _:b663913976 "For any independent continuant b and any time t there is some spatial region r such that b is located_in r at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [134-001])"@en . _:b663914430 . _:b665861225 "Every spatiotemporal region s is such that s occupies_spatiotemporal_region s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [107-002])"@en . _:b663914400 . _:b666209487 . _:b663913921 . _:b665797989 "BTO:0001307"^^ . _:b665862949 . _:b666209473 . _:b663914411 . _:b666209474 . _:b663914412 . _:b663914413 . _:b666209483 . _:b663913925 . _:b663914406 . _:b665805814 . _:b666209477 . _:b663914415 . _:b665805815 . _:b665862952 . _:b663913931 . _:b666209478 . _:b666209479 . _:b663914401 . _:b663520299 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665862959 . _:b665862958 . _:b663914404 . _:b666238346 "AAO"^^ . _:b663914414 . _:b663519935 "100.0"^^ . _:b665862963 . _:b663914407 . _:b663914384 . _:b663914393 . _:b663520290 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663519930 "100.0"^^ . _:b665862960 . _:b663914394 . _:b665861543 . _:b663913551 "2"^^ . _:b663914396 . _:b663913303 "(forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [103-001] " . _:b665862965 . _:b663914389 . _:b663914399 . _:b663519925 "100.0"^^ . _:b665861533 . _:b663914385 . _:b665805539 . _:b663914395 . _:b663519920 "100.0"^^ . _:b663914388 . _:b665805788 . _:b663520318 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665805789 . _:b663914390 . _:b665861929 "Entity doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example Werner Ceusters 'portions of reality' include 4 sorts, entities (as BFO construes them), universals, configurations, and relations. It is an open question as to whether entities as construed in BFO will at some point also include these other portions of reality. See, for example, 'How to track absolutely everything' at http://www.referent-tracking.com/_RTU/papers/CeustersICbookRevised.pdf"@en . _:b665861523 . _:b663913955 . _:b663914376 . _:b666239250 . _:b663515747 "Each spatiotemporal region projects_onto some temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [098-001])"@en . _:b663914377 . _:b663515859 . _:b666238359 "AAO"^^ . _:b663914369 . _:b666239251 . _:b663516759 "intestinum caecum"^^ . _:b663914378 . _:b663913952 . _:b665861546 "UMLS:C0022378"^^ . _:b663914379 . _:b663914380 . _:b666209767 . _:b665798169 . _:b666239252 . _:b663914368 . _:b663520309 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665805776 . _:b665862985 . _:b665862869 . _:b665862984 . _:b663914370 . _:b663914222 "An expanded region of the vertebrate alimentary tract that serves as a food storage compartment and digestive organ. A stomach is lined, in whole or in part by a glandular epithelium."^^ . _:b663914371 . _:b663520264 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665862988 . _:b666238296 . _:b663914375 . _:b663913875 . _:b663516923 . _:b666238950 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathogenic_bacteria" . _:b665798156 . _:b663515843 . _:b665860648 "ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.566"^^ . _:b663913872 . _:b665805771 . _:b663913878 . _:b663914314 . _:b663913881 . _:b663914312 . _:b663913887 . _:b663914313 . _:b663913884 . _:b666209637 . _:b663516568 "(forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [102-001] " . _:b665861208 "A spatial region is a continuant entity that is a continuant_part_of spaceR as defined relative to some frame R. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [035-001])"@en . _:b663913857 . _:b666209738 . _:b663914307 . _:b663914177 "Portion of the alimentary canal bounded anteriorly by the pyloric sphincter and posteriorly by the cloacal sphincter.[AAO]"^^ . _:b663913863 . _:b663914310 . _:b663913339 "A gastrointestinal system infectious disease that involves inflammation of the lining of the stomach and small and large intestines, which is caused by viruses, bacteria, or parasites. Chemicals and drugs also cause gastroenteritis. The symptoms include diarrhea, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, cramps, and discomfort in the abdomen." . _:b663914311 . _:b666209646 . _:b663913860 . _:b663516882 . _:b666238814 "100.0"^^ . _:b663914308 . _:b666238349 "UMLS:C0038351"^^ . _:b663914309 . _:b665798230 . _:b663913866 . _:b666208849 . _:b666208848 . _:b665798225 . _:b666208850 . _:b663913869 . _:b666238809 "100.0"^^ . _:b663913346 . _:b663913906 . _:b666238832 "if b is a material entity, then there is some temporal interval (referred to below as a one-dimensional temporal region) during which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [011-002])"@en . _:b666208859 "ISBN:0-683-40008-8"^^ . _:b666238804 "100.0"^^ . _:b665798188 . _:b665861312 "url:http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf" . _:b665862025 "(forall (x) (if (MaterialEntity x) (IndependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [019-002] " . _:b665798191 . _:b666209560 . _:b666209567 . _:b666238300 "AAO"^^ . _:b666238799 "100.0"^^ . _:b663913917 . _:b665861627 . _:b663913891 . _:b666208847 . _:b666209540 . _:b666208846 . _:b663914441 . _:b665862670 . _:b665861630 . _:b663520243 "EHDAA2"^^ . . _:b663914442 . _:b666209546 . _:b665860667 . _:b663913895 . _:b663914444 . _:b665860668 . _:b665805541 . _:b663914437 . _:b666209551 . _:b665862667 . _:b663914447 . _:b663913898 . _:b665862896 "The tract of the alimentary canal. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663515819 "a zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a fiat point whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [031-001])"@en . _:b663914434 . _:b665798597 . _:b663914435 . _:b663914443 . _:b663913428 . _:b663914436 . _:b666238195 "A zero-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is without extent. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [102-001])"@en . _:b663913901 . _:b663914438 . _:b666209536 "UMLS:C0021853"^^ . _:b666238293 "BTO:0000706"^^ . _:b666208885 "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663516508 "(forall (x t) (if (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (bearerOfAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [060-002] " . _:b665861536 . _:b665861537 . _:b665862673 . _:b666238257 . _:b663914142 . _:b663520066 "url:https://www.foodsafety.gov/poisoning/causes/bacteriaviruses/salmonella" . _:b663521007 . _:b666238280 . _:b665798130 . _:b663913543 . _:b665861546 "ncithesaurus:Jejunum"^^ . _:b663913419 . _:b666208521 . _:b663520972 "AAO:0000145"^^ . _:b663913418 . _:b666208703 "A disease of anatomical entity that is located_in the gastrointestinal tract." . _:b665805532 . _:b666209748 . _:b666209754 . _:b663914120 . _:b663913590 . _:b665861401 . _:b666209759 . _:b665863097 . _:b663913595 . _:b666238273 . _:b666209729 . _:b665861392 . _:b665862839 . _:b665805340 "(forall (x) (iff (Occurrent x) (and (Entity x) (exists (y) (temporalPartOf y x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [079-001] " . _:b666209743 . _:b665806169 "Continuant fiat boundary doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary and a one dimensional continuant fiat boundary that doesn't overlap it. The situation is analogous to temporal and spatial regions."@en . _:b666238980 . _:b665806304 "1"^^ . _:b665798782 "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665806305 "1"^^ . _:b663914105 . _:b663914108 . _:b663914100 . _:b666209784 . _:b663914109 . _:b663520984 . _:b663914110 . _:b665860780 "ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.566"^^ . _:b663914111 . _:b666209789 . _:b663914096 . _:b663914104 . _:b663520963 "BTO:0001307"^^ . _:b663914097 . _:b663516048 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b663914098 . _:b663914099 . _:b663914101 . _:b663516482 "A temporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of time as defined relative to some reference frame. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [100-001])"@en . _:b665798661 . _:b666209765 . _:b663914089 . _:b666208588 "For every independent continuant b and time t during the region of time spanned by its life, there are entities which s-depends_on b during t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [018-002])"@en . _:b666208962 . _:b666209605 . _:b665861495 . _:b665798602 . _:b665861494 . _:b663913554 "VHOG:0000055"^^ . _:b666208965 . _:b663914093 . _:b663914094 . _:b663914095 . _:b666209773 . _:b666208675 . _:b663914088 . _:b666208666 . _:b666208667 . _:b666208674 . _:b666208668 . _:b666208665 . _:b666209524 . _:b666208673 . _:b666208685 . _:b666208677 . _:b663914082 . _:b666208883 "AAO:0010400"^^ . _:b666208672 . _:b666208676 . _:b663914083 . _:b666209628 . _:b666208664 . _:b666208670 . _:b666208671 . _:b665861472 . _:b666208669 . _:b666208939 "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]"^^ . _:b666208724 . _:b663519960 "An occurrent is an entity that unfolds itself in time or it is the instantaneous boundary of such an entity (for example a beginning or an ending) or it is a temporal or spatiotemporal region which such an entity occupies_temporal_region or occupies_spatiotemporal_region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [077-002])"@en . _:b665798059 "2"^^ . _:b665806299 "1"^^ . _:b666208661 . _:b666208683 . _:b665861479 . _:b666208663 . _:b665806517 "The pharynx is the part of the digestive system immediately posterior to the mouth[GO]."^^ . _:b666208662 . _:b666208684 . _:b665806300 "1"^^ . _:b665862856 . _:b663914078 . _:b666209693 . _:b666208649 . _:b666239038 "UMLS:C0021851"^^ . _:b666208648 . _:b665861469 . _:b666208650 . _:b666238086 "if b is a material entity, then there is some temporal interval (referred to below as a one-dimensional temporal region) during which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [011-002])"@en . _:b665861470 . _:b663913534 . _:b663914077 . _:b666208640 . _:b665805772 . _:b665798836 "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665806188 "url:https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/general/index.html" . _:b665805773 . _:b665805774 . _:b665805775 . _:b665806294 . _:b663515775 "b is a fiat object part = Def. b is a material entity which is such that for all times t, if b exists at t then there is some object c such that b proper continuant_part of c at t and c is demarcated from the remainder of c by a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [027-004])"@en . _:b665805768 . _:b665805769 . _:b666208643 . _:b665805770 . _:b666208645 . _:b666208646 . _:b666208642 . _:b666208641 . _:b665805771 . _:b666208644 . _:b666208647 . _:b665805764 . _:b665805765 . _:b665805766 . _:b665805767 . _:b665805760 . _:b665805761 . _:b665861999 "(forall (x) (if (FiatObjectPart x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y) (and (Object y) (properContinuantPartOfAt x y t)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [027-004] " . _:b665805762 . _:b663516768 "The posterior intestine has short longitudinally arranged epithelial folds which are similar to the colon of higher vertebrates. Wallace et al, 2005.[TAO]"^^ . _:b665860470 "(forall (r) (if (TemporalRegion r) (occupiesTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [119-002] " . _:b665805763 . _:b665805790 . _:b666208653 . _:b665805788 . _:b666208652 . _:b665805789 . _:b663913681 . _:b665805790 . _:b665806420 . _:b663914095 . _:b666208654 . _:b666209722 . _:b665805791 . _:b665861447 . _:b663914171 . _:b666208655 . _:b665805784 . _:b665861446 . _:b663914172 . _:b663913686 . _:b665805785 . _:b663914173 . _:b666208651 . _:b665805786 . _:b663914174 . _:b665862045 "(forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [102-001] " . _:b665805787 . _:b663516768 "TAO:0000706"^^ . _:b666238432 "VHOG:0000052"^^ . _:b665805780 . _:b666208682 . _:b663914160 . _:b665805781 . _:b663914161 . _:b666208657 . _:b665805782 . _:b666208659 . _:b663913714 . _:b663914162 . _:b666208656 . _:b666239191 . _:b666209698 . _:b665805783 . _:b666208681 . _:b663914163 . _:b665805776 . _:b663914164 . _:b665805777 . _:b666208660 . _:b665797802 "b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001])"@en . _:b663914165 . _:b663913693 . _:b665805778 . _:b666208658 . _:b665805779 . _:b663516581 "A disease is a disposition (i) to undergo pathological processes that (ii) exists in an organism because of one or more disorders in that organism." . _:b663914010 "(forall (x) (if (Disposition x) (and (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (bearerOfAt x y t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [062-002] " . _:b666208680 . _:b665805804 . _:b663914152 . _:b666238993 . _:b665805805 . _:b663913715 . _:b665860514 "(forall (x) (if (ObjectAggregate x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y z) (and (Object y) (Object z) (memberPartOfAt y x t) (memberPartOfAt z x t) (not (= y z)))))) (not (exists (w t_1) (and (memberPartOfAt w x t_1) (not (Object w)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [025-004] " . _:b663914153 . _:b665805806 . _:b663914146 . _:b665805807 . _:b663914155 . _:b665805800 . _:b666209704 . _:b665860704 "DOI:10.1046/j.1525-142x.2000.00076.x Smith DM, Grasty RC, Theodosiou NA, Tabin CJ, Nascone-Yoder NM, Evolutionary relationships between the amphibian, avian, and mammalian stomachs. Evolution and development (2000)"^^ . _:b663913670 . _:b665805801 . _:b666238210 "url:http://www2.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/mwmednlm?book=Medical&va=anatomic" . _:b666208679 . _:b665798830 . _:b665862768 "A material entity is an independent continuant that has some portion of matter as proper or improper continuant part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [019-002])"@en . . _:b665805802 . _:b663914158 . _:b666208678 . _:b665805803 . _:b663516493 "Each spatiotemporal region projects_onto some temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [098-001])"@en . _:b663914159 . _:b663914110 . _:b666209709 . _:b665805796 . _:b665805797 . _:b665805798 . _:b663914154 . _:b665805799 . _:b666208910 "TAO:0001323"^^ . _:b663914147 . _:b665805792 . _:b665805793 . _:b665805794 . _:b663914150 . _:b665798759 "BTO:0001158"^^ . _:b665805795 . _:b663914151 . _:b665805820 . _:b666208604 "A two-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of two dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [039-001])"@en . _:b663914136 . _:b665805821 . _:b663521045 "The fixed portion of the small intestine deeply lodged in the posterior wall of the abdomen and extending from the pylorus to the beginning of the jejunum. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665805822 . _:b663914138 . _:b665805823 . _:b663914131 . _:b665805816 . _:b665805817 . . _:b663913717 . _:b665805818 . _:b663914142 . . _:b663913343 . _:b665806309 . _:b665805819 . _:b665806340 . _:b663914143 . _:b665805812 . _:b663913722 . _:b665805813 . _:b663914137 . _:b665805814 . _:b663914130 . _:b663520440 _:b663520446 . _:b665805815 . _:b665860890 "The first chamber in the alimentary canal of a ruminant stomach, composed of the rumen and reticulum."^^ . _:b665805323 "Entity doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example Werner Ceusters 'portions of reality' include 4 sorts, entities (as BFO construes them), universals, configurations, and relations. It is an open question as to whether entities as construed in BFO will at some point also include these other portions of reality. See, for example, 'How to track absolutely everything' at http://www.referent-tracking.com/_RTU/papers/CeustersICbookRevised.pdf"@en . _:b665805808 . _:b663914132 . _:b663913726 . _:b665805809 . _:b665805675 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665805748 "alimentary system subdivision"^^ . _:b663914141 . _:b665805810 . _:b665798460 . _:b665805811 . _:b663914135 . _:b663516022 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b663913699 . _:b665805708 . _:b663914120 . _:b665805709 . _:b663914121 . _:b665798463 . _:b665805710 . _:b663914122 . _:b665805711 . _:b663914123 . _:b663914115 . _:b665798457 . _:b665805704 . _:b665805666 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663914124 . _:b665805705 . _:b663914125 . _:b665805706 . _:b665805707 . _:b663914127 . _:b665805450 "A primary bacterial infectious disease that results_in infection located_in intestine, has_material_basis_in Campylobacter jejuni, which is transmitted_by ingestion of contaminated food or water or transmitted_by contact with infected people or animals. The infection has_symptom diarrhea or has_symptom dysentery, has_symptom abdominal cramps and pain, and has_symptom fever." . _:b665805700 . _:b663914112 . _:b665805701 . _:b663914113 . _:b666238850 "Spatial region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the union of a spatial point and a spatial line that doesn't overlap the point, or two spatial lines that intersect at a single point. In both cases the resultant spatial region is neither 0-dimensional, 1-dimensional, 2-dimensional, or 3-dimensional."@en . _:b663913705 . _:b665805702 . _:b663914114 . _:b665805703 . _:b665805696 . _:b663914116 . _:b665805562 . _:b665805697 . _:b663914117 . _:b665805698 . _:b663914126 . _:b665805699 . _:b665798675 "A subdivision of the digestive tract that connects the small intestine to the cloaca or anus. Lacks or has few villi[Kardong]."^^ . _:b663913619 . _:b665805724 . _:b665805694 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663914232 . _:b666209762 . _:b663520758 "Specifically dependent continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. We're not sure what else will develop here, but for example there are questions such as what are promises, obligation, etc."@en . _:b665805725 . _:b663914233 . _:b665805726 . _:b663914234 . _:b665805727 . _:b665806349 "DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1996.tb01658.x Mallatt J, Ventilation and the origin of jawed vertebrates: a new mouth. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (1996)"^^ . _:b663913436 . _:b665806425 "proximal intestine"^^ . _:b665805720 . _:b665805721 . _:b666238944 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infectious_disease" . _:b665805722 . _:b665806373 . _:b665805723 . _:b665806372 . _:b666208648 "b is a site means: b is a three-dimensional immaterial entity that is (partially or wholly) bounded by a material entity or it is a three-dimensional immaterial part thereof. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [034-002])"@en . _:b665805716 . _:b663913626 . _:b665805717 . _:b666209668 "In humans, the duodenum is a hollow jointed tube about 10-15 inches (25-38 centimetres) long connecting the stomach to the jejunum. It begins with the duodenal bulb and ends at the ligament of Treitz."^^ . _:b665805718 . _:b665805719 . _:b666209801 . _:b665805685 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665862758 "b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001])"@en . _:b665805712 . _:b666209794 . _:b665805713 . _:b663914229 . _:b665805547 . _:b666209804 . _:b665805640 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665805714 . _:b663914230 . _:b665805715 . _:b666239140 "Last portion of the large intestine before it becomes the rectum."^^ . _:b666208632 "b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b\u2019s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003])"@en . _:b663914231 . _:b665805740 . _:b663914216 . _:b663914208 . _:b665805741 . _:b663914217 . _:b663913601 . _:b665805742 . _:b666209792 . _:b663914218 . _:b666209800 . _:b665805743 . _:b666209793 . _:b663914219 . _:b666208792 . _:b665805736 . _:b663913606 . _:b665805737 . _:b666209795 . _:b665798889 . _:b663914066 "(iff (RelationalQuality a) (exists (b c t) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (IndependentContinuant c) (qualityOfAt a b t) (qualityOfAt a c t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [057-001] " . _:b665805738 . _:b665805739 . _:b665805732 . _:b666209798 . _:b665862969 "BTO:0001158"^^ . _:b665805733 . _:b666209799 . _:b663914209 . _:b665805734 . _:b666209298 . _:b665805735 . _:b665805728 . _:b663914212 . _:b665805729 . _:b663914213 . _:b666209303 . _:b665805730 . _:b663914214 . _:b666238143 "(forall (x) (if (exists (t) (and (existsAt x t) (Quality x))) (forall (t_1) (if (existsAt x t_1) (Quality x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [105-001] " . _:b665805731 . _:b663914215 . _:b663913651 . _:b665805756 . _:b663914200 . _:b665805757 . _:b665806414 . _:b665805758 . _:b663914202 . _:b666209306 . _:b665805759 . _:b665805752 . _:b665860594 . _:b665805753 . _:b663914205 . _:b665805754 . _:b663914206 . _:b665805755 . _:b663914207 . _:b666209309 . _:b665805748 . _:b663914192 . _:b665805749 . _:b663914193 . _:b663914201 . _:b665805750 . _:b666209282 . _:b663913656 . _:b665805751 . _:b665805744 . _:b663914196 . _:b666208790 "UMLS:C0021853"^^ . _:b663913662 . _:b665805745 . _:b663914197 . _:b665805746 . _:b663914198 . _:b663913451 . _:b665805747 . _:b663914199 . _:b665805644 . _:b663515717 "Occurrent doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the sum of a process and the process boundary of another process."@en . _:b665805336 "An occurrent is an entity that unfolds itself in time or it is the instantaneous boundary of such an entity (for example a beginning or an ending) or it is a temporal or spatiotemporal region which such an entity occupies_temporal_region or occupies_spatiotemporal_region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [077-002])"@en . _:b665805645 . _:b665805615 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665805646 . _:b666209318 "if b is a continuant and if, for some t, c has_continuant_part b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [126-001])"@en . _:b665805647 . _:b663914187 . _:b665805640 . _:b663914188 . _:b666208572 . _:b663914180 . _:b666209288 . _:b665805641 . _:b665805603 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665805642 . _:b665861403 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b665805643 . _:b666209293 . _:b665805636 . _:b666208573 . _:b665805637 . _:b666208574 . _:b665805638 . _:b666208575 . _:b663914186 . _:b663913640 . _:b665805639 . _:b666208569 . _:b665805632 . _:b665805633 . _:b663914181 . _:b666208570 . _:b663913645 . _:b665805634 . _:b666208571 . _:b663914182 . _:b666208568 . _:b665805635 . _:b663914191 . _:b663913680 . _:b665805660 . _:b665805661 . _:b666238068 "100.0"^^ . _:b663516501 "(iff (Process a) (and (Occurrent a) (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)) (exists (c t) (and (MaterialEntity c) (specificallyDependsOnAt a c t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [083-003] " . _:b666208869 "VHOG:0001559"^^ . _:b665805662 . _:b663913683 . _:b665805663 . _:b665805656 . _:b665805657 . _:b665805658 . _:b666208807 . _:b665805659 . _:b665805652 . _:b666238063 "100.0"^^ . _:b665805653 . _:b665805654 . _:b665805655 . _:b666238058 "100.0"^^ . _:b665798902 . _:b666238128 . _:b665805648 . _:b666209312 . _:b666238129 . _:b665805649 . _:b665860800 "UMLS:C0022378"^^ . _:b665805650 . _:b665805651 . _:b665798677 "UMLS:C0021851"^^ . _:b665805676 . _:b665805677 . _:b665805678 . _:b666238053 "100.0"^^ . _:b665805679 . _:b663520076 "A disease is a disposition (i) to undergo pathological processes that (ii) exists in an organism because of one or more disorders in that organism." . _:b665805672 . _:b665805673 . _:b665805674 . _:b665805675 . _:b665805668 . _:b666208592 . _:b665805669 . _:b666208610 . _:b663516177 . _:b665805670 . _:b666208608 . _:b666208611 . _:b666209490 . _:b666208609 . _:b665805671 . _:b663913517 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b665805664 . _:b666208604 . _:b663913516 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b663913230 "For any independent continuant b and any time t there is some spatial region r such that b is located_in r at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [134-001])"@en . _:b666208615 . _:b665805665 . _:b666208605 . _:b663913519 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b666208614 . _:b666208597 . _:b665805666 . _:b666208612 . _:b663913518 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b666208613 . _:b665805667 . _:b665805692 . _:b666208593 . _:b666208623 . _:b665805693 . _:b666208622 . _:b665805694 . _:b666208595 . _:b666208620 . _:b665805695 . _:b666208621 . _:b666208594 . _:b665805688 . _:b666208618 . _:b666208616 . _:b666209496 . _:b665805689 . _:b666208617 . _:b666208596 . _:b666208619 . _:b665805690 . _:b665805691 . _:b666209501 . _:b665805423 "Continuant fiat boundary doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary and a one dimensional continuant fiat boundary that doesn't overlap it. The situation is analogous to temporal and spatial regions."@en . _:b665805684 . _:b666208588 . _:b665805590 "VHOG"^^ . _:b666208630 . _:b665805685 . _:b666209475 . _:b665861462 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b665862059 "A disease that manifests in a defined anatomical structure." . _:b665805686 . _:b666208590 . _:b666208591 . _:b666208628 . _:b665798789 . _:b665805687 . _:b665861463 "VHOG:0000450"^^ . _:b665805680 . _:b666208629 . _:b665798804 . _:b665805399 "b is an object aggregate means: b is a material entity consisting exactly of a plurality of objects as member_parts at all times at which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [025-004])"@en . _:b665805681 . _:b665798803 . _:b666208624 . _:b666208586 . _:b665805682 . _:b665805544 "VHOG"^^ . _:b666208625 . _:b666208631 . _:b665805683 . _:b665805580 . _:b665805581 . _:b666208636 . _:b665805582 . _:b666208580 . _:b665805583 . _:b665805576 . _:b666208579 . _:b666208577 . _:b666208634 . _:b666208635 . _:b665805577 . _:b666208578 . _:b665805578 . _:b666208632 . _:b665805579 . _:b666209485 . _:b665805572 . _:b666208581 . _:b666208576 . _:b665805573 . _:b666208581 "An occurrent is an entity that unfolds itself in time or it is the instantaneous boundary of such an entity (for example a beginning or an ending) or it is a temporal or spatiotemporal region which such an entity occupies_temporal_region or occupies_spatiotemporal_region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [077-002])"@en . _:b666208589 . _:b665805574 . _:b666208583 . _:b665805575 . _:b666208638 . _:b666208587 . _:b665805568 . _:b666209499 . _:b665805569 . _:b665798790 . _:b666208582 . _:b666208633 . _:b665805570 . _:b666208637 . _:b666208639 . _:b665805571 . _:b665797854 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_gastrointestinal_tract" . _:b666208584 . _:b665805596 . _:b666208784 . _:b665798787 . _:b665798036 "VHOG:0000648"^^ . _:b665805747 . _:b665797879 . _:b665805597 . _:b666208626 . _:b663516825 . _:b665805598 . _:b665798799 . _:b666208627 . _:b666209467 . _:b663516824 . _:b665805599 . _:b663520909 . _:b663516827 . _:b665805592 . _:b666208585 . _:b663516826 . _:b665805593 . _:b665798796 . _:b665805748 . _:b665805594 . _:b663516828 . _:b665805595 . _:b665805749 . _:b665805588 . _:b663515724 "b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002])"@en . _:b665861449 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b665805589 . _:b665805590 . _:b665805591 . _:b666209505 . _:b665805584 . _:b666208598 . _:b665805585 . _:b666208599 . _:b663516821 . _:b666209477 . _:b665805586 . _:b665805587 . _:b663516823 . _:b666208600 . _:b665805612 . _:b663516822 . _:b666208601 . _:b665805613 . _:b666208603 . _:b665805614 . _:b666208602 . _:b665805615 . _:b663516758 "blindgut"^^ . _:b666209513 . _:b665805608 . _:b666208607 . _:b665805609 . _:b666208606 . _:b663516537 "A function is a disposition that exists in virtue of the bearer\u2019s physical make-up and this physical make-up is something the bearer possesses because it came into being, either through evolution (in the case of natural biological entities) or through intentional design (in the case of artifacts), in order to realize processes of a certain sort. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [064-001])"@en . _:b665805610 . _:b665805611 . _:b665805604 . _:b665805605 . _:b665805606 . _:b665798756 . _:b665805607 . _:b665805600 . _:b665805601 . _:b665805602 . _:b666238240 . _:b665805603 . _:b663913648 . _:b665805628 . _:b665805534 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665805629 . _:b666208939 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665805630 . _:b665805631 . _:b665805624 . _:b663913661 . _:b665805625 . _:b665805626 . _:b665797993 . _:b665805627 . _:b665798779 . _:b665805620 . _:b666208930 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665805673 . _:b666209436 . _:b665805621 . _:b665805622 . _:b665805623 . _:b665797996 . _:b665805616 . _:b665805617 . _:b663913659 . _:b665805618 . _:b665798003 . _:b665805619 . _:b665798002 . _:b665805516 . _:b665805517 . _:b665805518 . _:b665798007 . _:b665805519 . _:b665805512 . _:b665805513 . _:b665798004 . _:b665805514 . _:b665805515 . _:b665805508 . _:b666239167 "Subdivision of digestive tract that connects the stomach to the large intestine and is where much of the digestion and absorption of food takes place (with the exception of ruminants). The mammalian small intestine is long and coiled and can be differentiated histologically into: duodenum, jejunem, ileum[WP,cjm,Kardong]."^^ . _:b665798009 . _:b665805509 . _:b666209459 . _:b665805510 . _:b665805511 . _:b665805504 . _:b665798727 . _:b665805505 . _:b663520241 "intestinum rectum"^^ . _:b665805692 . _:b666209463 . _:b665797856 . _:b665805506 . _:b663913330 . . _:b665805507 . _:b665805532 . _:b665805533 . _:b665805534 . _:b665805683 . _:b665805535 . _:b665805528 . _:b663515764 "A zero-dimensional spatial region is a point in space. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [037-001])"@en . _:b665805529 . _:b666208911 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665862283 "In humans, the duodenum is a hollow jointed tube about 10-15 inches (25-38 centimetres) long connecting the stomach to the jejunum. It begins with the duodenal bulb and ends at the ligament of Treitz."^^ . _:b665862678 "A continuant is an entity that persists, endures, or continues to exist through time while maintaining its identity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [008-002])"@en . _:b665805530 . _:b665805531 . _:b665805524 . _:b666209629 "AAO:0010400"^^ . _:b665805563 . _:b665805525 . _:b665805526 . _:b665805527 . _:b665805520 . _:b665798029 . _:b663519982 "(forall (x) (if (TemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [100-001] " . _:b665805521 . _:b663913542 . _:b665798028 . _:b666209447 . _:b665806098 "Temporal region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of a temporal instant and a temporal interval that doesn't overlap the instant. In this case the resultant temporal region is neither 0-dimensional nor 1-dimensional"@en . _:b663521159 "diverticulum of gut"^^ . _:b665805522 . _:b665805523 . _:b665805548 . _:b665805549 . _:b663913536 . _:b665798032 . _:b665805550 . _:b666208920 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665805551 . _:b665805634 . _:b665805544 . _:b665797753 "(forall (x y) (if (and (TemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (TemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [101-001] " . _:b663913550 . _:b665805545 . _:b663913549 . _:b665805546 . _:b665861364 . _:b665805547 . _:b665805540 . _:b665806434 "mid-intestine"^^ . _:b665805541 . _:b666238208 . _:b665797848 "url:http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf" . _:b665805542 . _:b663913545 . _:b665805543 . _:b663520238 "the terminal portion of the intestinal tube, terminating with the anus"^^ . _:b665805536 . _:b665805537 . _:b665806184 "A zero-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is without extent. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [102-001])"@en . _:b665805548 . _:b665805538 . _:b663913528 . _:b665805663 . _:b665805539 . _:b665798548 "b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001])"@en . _:b663913529 . _:b663520264 "VHOG:0000648"^^ . _:b665805564 . _:b665805565 . _:b663913276 . _:b665805566 . _:b663913277 . _:b665805567 . _:b663913525 . _:b665805560 . _:b663913526 . _:b663913392 . _:b663913275 . _:b666209452 . _:b665805561 . _:b663913527 . _:b665798760 . _:b665805562 . _:b665805563 . _:b663521146 . _:b665798762 . _:b665861456 . _:b665805556 . _:b663913522 . _:b665805609 . _:b665805557 . _:b663913523 . _:b665805558 . _:b665860532 "every entity of which a material entity is continuant part is also a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [021-002])"@en . _:b663913516 . _:b665862894 "Segment of the alimentary canal extending from the stomach to the anus and, in humans and other mammals, consists of two segments, the small intestine and the large intestine."^^ . _:b665805559 . _:b663913517 . _:b665805552 . _:b663913518 . _:b665805553 . _:b663913519 . _:b665805554 . _:b663913512 . _:b665805555 . _:b663913513 . _:b665798673 . _:b665805452 . _:b663913514 . _:b665798672 . _:b665861299 "(forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [102-001] " . _:b665805453 . _:b663913515 . _:b665805454 . _:b665805455 . _:b663913509 . _:b665805448 . _:b663913510 . _:b666238162 "b is an object means: b is a material entity which manifests causal unity of one or other of the types CUn listed above & is of a type (a material universal) instances of which are maximal relative to this criterion of causal unity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [024-001])"@en . _:b665861444 . _:b663516540 "Every process boundary occupies_temporal_region a zero-dimensional temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [085-002])"@en . _:b665805449 . _:b663913511 . _:b665805450 . _:b663913504 . _:b665805451 . _:b663913505 . _:b665798682 . _:b665805444 . _:b665861440 . _:b665805445 . _:b663913507 . _:b665861443 . _:b665806069 "Entity doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example Werner Ceusters 'portions of reality' include 4 sorts, entities (as BFO construes them), universals, configurations, and relations. It is an open question as to whether entities as construed in BFO will at some point also include these other portions of reality. See, for example, 'How to track absolutely everything' at http://www.referent-tracking.com/_RTU/papers/CeustersICbookRevised.pdf"@en . _:b665805446 . _:b665861442 . _:b663913500 . _:b663520971 . _:b663520979 "cjm"^^ . _:b665805447 . _:b665805440 . _:b663913502 . _:b665805441 . _:b663913503 . _:b663521004 "cjm"^^ . _:b665805442 . _:b665861503 . _:b665805443 . _:b663913497 . _:b666208885 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665805468 . _:b663913498 . _:b663521117 . _:b665805469 . _:b665797711 . _:b665805470 . _:b665861674 . _:b663913492 . _:b665805471 . _:b663913493 . _:b665861675 . _:b665805464 . _:b665805424 "(iff (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ImmaterialEntity a) (exists (b) (and (or (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b)) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))) (not (exists (c t) (and (SpatialRegion c) (continuantPartOfAt c a t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [029-001] " . _:b665805465 . _:b665805466 . _:b663914272 "The last portion of the digestive system, it extracts water and salt from solid wastes before they are eliminated from the body.[AAO]"^^ . _:b665805504 . _:b665805467 . _:b665861485 "FMA:14541"^^ . _:b663913489 . _:b665805460 . _:b665862138 . _:b663913490 . _:b665862065 . _:b665805461 . _:b663913491 . _:b666208835 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665805462 . _:b665798518 "(forall (x) (if (Disposition x) (and (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (bearerOfAt x y t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [062-002] " . _:b665798745 "The few structural specializations in (adult lampreys) pharynx include complex valves on the external gill openings that direct the tidal flow, and the division of the ancestral pharynx into an oesophagus and a respiratory pharynx.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665805463 . _:b666208652 "(iff (GenericallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (exists (b t) (genericallyDependsOnAt a b t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [074-001] " . _:b665805456 . _:b666238889 "(forall (x) (if (exists (t) (and (existsAt x t) (Quality x))) (forall (t_1) (if (existsAt x t_1) (Quality x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [105-001] " . _:b665805457 . _:b666209670 . _:b665805458 . _:b666209671 . _:b665806097 "(forall (x) (if (SpatialRegion x) (Continuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [035-001] " . _:b663913480 . _:b665805459 . _:b663913481 . _:b666209669 . _:b665805484 . _:b663913482 . _:b663913473 . _:b665805485 . _:b665797766 "(forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (TemporalRegion y) (temporallyProjectsOnto x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [098-001] " . _:b663520819 . _:b665805486 . _:b663913476 . _:b663914029 "(forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [038-001] " . _:b665805487 . _:b663913477 . _:b665805480 . _:b663913478 . _:b665805481 . _:b666209678 . _:b663913479 . _:b665805482 . _:b666209679 . _:b666208860 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665805483 . _:b666209677 . _:b665797717 . _:b665805476 . _:b663913474 . _:b665805477 . _:b663913475 . _:b665805478 . _:b666208848 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665861502 . _:b665805479 . _:b665805472 . _:b666209686 . _:b665797714 . _:b665805473 . _:b665805474 . _:b666209687 . _:b663520911 "cjm"^^ . _:b665805475 . _:b663520812 "url:https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/general/index.html" . _:b665805500 . _:b665805501 . _:b665805502 . _:b663521058 . _:b666239279 . _:b665861397 . _:b665805503 . _:b666209680 . _:b665798806 "Subdivision of digestive tract that connects the stomach to the large intestine and is where much of the digestion and absorption of food takes place (with the exception of ruminants). The mammalian small intestine is long and coiled and can be differentiated histologically into: duodenum, jejunem, ileum[WP,cjm,Kardong]."^^ . _:b665805586 . _:b665805496 . _:b663913533 . _:b666208787 "GOC:GO"^^ . _:b665805497 . _:b665805498 . _:b663913584 . _:b665805499 . _:b663913585 . _:b663520902 "cjm"^^ . _:b665805492 . _:b663913586 . _:b665805493 . _:b666209690 . _:b663913587 . _:b665805494 . _:b663913580 . _:b665805495 . _:b666209688 . _:b663913314 "(iff (OneDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [032-001] " . _:b663913581 . _:b665805488 . _:b666209689 . _:b663913508 . _:b663913582 . _:b663520903 . _:b665805489 . . _:b663913583 . . . . _:b665805490 . . _:b663913576 . . _:b665805491 . _:b665860483 "(forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [095-001] " . _:b663913577 . _:b663515784 "A three-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of three dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [040-001])"@en . _:b665805388 . _:b665805389 . _:b663914187 . _:b665805390 . _:b663913506 . _:b663914188 . _:b663913572 . _:b665805391 . _:b663913573 . _:b665798000 "esophagus NOT part of gut in MA. part of gut in ZFA. part_of gut (via UGIT) in FMA. Consider splitting. Interspecies: The human oesophagus is 25 cm long and has a diameter of ca. 2 cm. Only little information was found on the oesophagus in rat, rabbit and pig. The oesophagus of rat (75 x 2 mm) and rabbit has no mucous glands and the cardia of the stomach has a well-developed sphincter, which prevents them from vomiting (Hebel and Stromberg, 1988; Manning et al., 1994). Morphologically the oesophagus is similar in man and pig; both are omnivores and have a non-keratinised epithelium, submucous glands and similar membrane enzymes. Like in humans, pigs can suffer from reflux oesophagitis and stress ulceration of the oesophagus. The pig oesophagus may therefore be a good model for investigation compared to the human oesophagus (Christie et al., 1995)"^^ . _:b663516608 . _:b665805384 . _:b663913574 . _:b665805385 . _:b663913575 . _:b665805386 . _:b666238276 . _:b663913568 . _:b663913553 "TAO:0001323"^^ . _:b665805387 . _:b663913535 . _:b665805380 . _:b665805381 . _:b663520017 "(forall (x) (if (FiatObjectPart x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y) (and (Object y) (properContinuantPartOfAt x y t)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [027-004] " . _:b663913571 . _:b665805382 . _:b665798141 . _:b663913564 . _:b665805383 . _:b663913565 . _:b665861498 "UBERON:0001155"^^ . _:b665805376 . _:b663913566 . _:b665805377 . _:b665861439 . _:b663913567 . _:b665805378 . _:b665805379 . _:b666209780 . _:b663913561 . _:b665861433 . _:b665805404 . _:b663913562 . _:b665805405 . _:b663913563 . _:b666208779 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665798020 "VHOG:0001559"^^ . _:b665805406 . _:b665861530 . _:b663913556 . _:b665798033 . _:b665861531 . _:b665805407 . _:b663913557 . _:b665805400 . _:b665806387 "UMLS:C0009368"^^ . _:b665805401 . _:b665805402 . _:b663913552 . _:b665805403 . _:b663913553 . _:b665798743 . _:b665805396 . _:b665861532 . _:b663913554 . _:b665805397 . _:b663913555 . _:b665805398 . _:b665805399 . _:b665805392 . _:b663520957 "cjm"^^ . _:b665805393 . _:b663913551 . _:b663520956 "cjm"^^ . _:b665797843 "A disease by infectious agent that results_in infection, has_material_basis_in Bacteria." . _:b665805394 . _:b665861426 . _:b665805395 . _:b665805420 . _:b665805421 . _:b665805422 . _:b665805423 . _:b665861127 . _:b665805416 . _:b665798810 "intestinum tenue"^^ . _:b665805417 . _:b665798811 "intestinum tenue"^^ . _:b665798546 "(forall (x) (if (Site x) (ImmaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [034-002] " . _:b665805418 . _:b665805419 . _:b666209740 . _:b665805412 . _:b665798957 "To say that spatiotemporal region s spatially_projects_onto spatial region r at t is to say that r is the spatial extent of s at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [081-003])"@en . _:b665805413 . _:b665798675 . _:b665805414 . _:b666209739 . _:b665805415 . _:b665805408 . _:b665805409 . _:b665805410 . _:b665805411 . _:b666208789 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665805436 . _:b665805437 . _:b663913659 . _:b666208738 . _:b665805438 . _:b665805439 . _:b665805432 . _:b665861323 . _:b665805433 . _:b665805434 . _:b665798589 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathogenic_bacteria" . _:b666239113 "MA"^^ . _:b665805435 . _:b665861585 . _:b663914381 "A proximal-distal subdivision of the digestive tract."^^ . _:b665805428 . _:b665862107 . _:b665861584 . _:b665860739 "FMA:14541"^^ . _:b666238580 "2024-10-13T13:05:37.536091"^^ . _:b665805429 . _:b665805430 . _:b666208747 . _:b665805431 . _:b665805424 . _:b665805425 . _:b665861590 . _:b665805426 . _:b665861542 . _:b665805427 . _:b663521034 "Subdivision of digestive tract that connects the stomach to the large intestine and is where much of the digestion and absorption of food takes place (with the exception of ruminants). The mammalian small intestine is long and coiled and can be differentiated histologically into: duodenum, jejunem, ileum[WP,cjm,Kardong]."^^ . _:b665805324 . _:b665861568 . _:b665805325 . _:b665861541 . _:b665805326 . _:b665861587 . _:b663913636 . _:b665861288 "b process_profile_of c holds when b proper_occurrent_part_of c& there is some proper_occurrent_part d of c which has no parts in common with b & is mutually dependent on b& is such that b, c and d occupy the same temporal region (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [094-005])"@en . _:b666209331 "(forall (x) (iff (Occurrent x) (and (Entity x) (exists (y) (temporalPartOf y x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [079-001] " . _:b665805327 . _:b663913637 . _:b665862373 . _:b665805320 . _:b665862042 . _:b665805321 . _:b665862040 . _:b665862043 . _:b666209583 . _:b665805322 . _:b665861550 . _:b665862376 . _:b665805323 . _:b665861551 . _:b665805316 . _:b665861593 . _:b665805317 . _:b663913635 . _:b666208762 . _:b665805318 . _:b663913423 "ncithesaurus:Large_Intestine"^^ . _:b665805319 . _:b665805312 . _:b665806333 . _:b665805313 . _:b665862041 . _:b665806332 . _:b665805314 . _:b665862032 . _:b665805315 . _:b665861313 "A disease that manifests in a defined anatomical structure." . _:b665805340 . _:b665805341 . _:b665805342 . _:b665862039 . _:b665798776 "3"^^ . _:b665805343 . _:b666209584 . _:b665805336 . _:b666209585 . _:b665862027 . _:b665805337 . _:b665861614 . _:b665861355 . _:b665862026 . _:b665805338 . _:b666209596 . _:b665805339 . _:b665862029 . _:b665862024 . _:b665805332 . _:b665862030 . _:b663521160 . _:b665861600 . _:b665805333 . _:b665862025 . _:b665862031 . _:b665805334 . _:b665861611 . _:b665862028 . _:b665805335 . _:b666238255 . _:b665797917 . _:b665805328 . _:b665805329 . _:b665805330 . _:b665862022 . _:b663516518 "(iff (SpecificallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (forall (t) (if (existsAt a t) (exists (b) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (not (SpatialRegion b)) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [050-003] " . _:b665805331 . _:b665805356 . _:b665862023 . _:b666208725 . _:b665805357 . _:b665805358 . _:b663521046 "In fish, the divisions of the small intestine are not as clear, and the terms anterior intestine or proximal intestine may be used instead of duodenum."^^ . _:b666209536 . _:b665805359 . _:b665798625 . _:b665805352 . _:b665805353 . _:b665862124 . _:b665862018 . _:b665805354 . _:b665862017 . _:b665860423 . _:b665805355 . _:b665805348 . _:b665862021 . _:b665862016 . _:b665862917 . _:b665805349 . _:b666209035 . _:b665860418 . _:b665862020 . _:b665805350 . _:b666238908 "b is an object means: b is a material entity which manifests causal unity of one or other of the types CUn listed above & is of a type (a material universal) instances of which are maximal relative to this criterion of causal unity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [024-001])"@en . _:b665805351 . _:b665862019 . _:b665805344 . _:b665860413 . _:b665805345 . _:b665806424 "ncithesaurus:Duodenum"^^ . _:b665805346 . _:b663521069 . _:b665862301 "ncithesaurus:Ileum"^^ . _:b665805347 . _:b665860408 . _:b665805372 . _:b665805373 . _:b665805374 . _:b665805375 . _:b665805368 . _:b665862035 . _:b665805369 . _:b665862034 . _:b665862046 . _:b665862038 . _:b665805370 . _:b665861519 . _:b665862033 . _:b665862037 . _:b665805371 . _:b665862150 "The tract of the alimentary canal. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665805364 . _:b665805365 . _:b665805366 . _:b665805367 . _:b665862036 . _:b665805360 . _:b665805361 . _:b665805362 . _:b663913338 . _:b665806287 . _:b665805363 . _:b665862803 "url:http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec09/ch122/ch122a.html" . _:b665806284 . _:b665862045 . _:b665806285 . _:b665862044 . _:b665862047 . _:b665806286 . _:b666209632 . _:b663519955 "(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (hasContinuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [126-001] " . _:b665806287 . _:b665806280 . _:b663913702 . _:b665806281 . _:b663913703 . _:b665806282 . _:b665806283 . _:b665806278 . _:b663520413 "diverticulum of gut"^^ . _:b665806046 "0.0"^^ . _:b665806276 . _:b665806277 . _:b665806278 . _:b665806279 . _:b665806272 . _:b665862110 . _:b665806041 "0.0"^^ . _:b665806273 . _:b665806274 . _:b665806275 . _:b665806300 . _:b665806301 . _:b665806302 . _:b666208659 "A one-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is extended. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [103-001])"@en . _:b665806051 "0.0"^^ . _:b665806303 . _:b665806296 . _:b666209592 . _:b665797913 . _:b665806297 . _:b665806298 . _:b663520310 "ncithesaurus:Jejunum"^^ . _:b665806299 . _:b666209660 . _:b663914275 "UMLS:C0009368"^^ . _:b665806292 . _:b665797476 . _:b666209658 . _:b665806293 . _:b665861563 . _:b665862989 "Last portion of the large intestine before it becomes the rectum."^^ . . _:b666209659 . _:b665806294 . _:b663913676 . . _:b665806295 . _:b663913677 . _:b665806288 . _:b663516013 "intestinum caecum"^^ . _:b665806289 . _:b666209607 . _:b665806056 "0.0"^^ . _:b665806290 . _:b665862064 . _:b665806291 . _:b665806316 . _:b665806317 . _:b665806318 . _:b665806319 . _:b665806312 . _:b666209614 . _:b663914264 "intestinum caecum"^^ . _:b665806313 . _:b665806093 "Spatial region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the union of a spatial point and a spatial line that doesn't overlap the point, or two spatial lines that intersect at a single point. In both cases the resultant spatial region is neither 0-dimensional, 1-dimensional, 2-dimensional, or 3-dimensional."@en . _:b666209615 . _:b665806314 . _:b663913664 . _:b665862274 "intestinum tenue"^^ . _:b665806315 . _:b665862275 "intestinum tenue"^^ . _:b665806308 . _:b665806309 . _:b665806310 . _:b665806311 . _:b666209608 . _:b665862053 . _:b665806304 . _:b665806305 . _:b666209622 . _:b666209267 . _:b665806306 . _:b665862048 . _:b665806307 . _:b666209620 . _:b665806332 . _:b666209621 . _:b665806333 . _:b665806334 . _:b666209619 . _:b666209616 . _:b665806335 . _:b663914299 "TAO"^^ . _:b665806328 . _:b665806329 . _:b665862059 . _:b665806330 . _:b665862056 . _:b665806331 . _:b666238956 "url:http://www2.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/mwmednlm?book=Medical&va=anatomic" . _:b665862058 . _:b663914403 . _:b665862057 . _:b665806324 . _:b665862203 . _:b665806325 . _:b665806326 . _:b665806327 . _:b665798934 . _:b665806320 . _:b665806321 . _:b665862206 . _:b665806322 . _:b665806323 . _:b665797477 . _:b665806220 . _:b665806221 . _:b665806222 . _:b665861962 "(forall (r) (if (TemporalRegion r) (occupiesTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [119-002] " . _:b666209336 . _:b665806223 . _:b666209337 . _:b665806216 . _:b665862214 . _:b663913526 "The last portion of the digestive system, it extracts water and salt from solid wastes before they are eliminated from the body.[AAO]"^^ . _:b666209334 . _:b666209338 . _:b665806217 . _:b665862213 . _:b666209335 . _:b665806218 . _:b665862212 . _:b665798937 . _:b666209332 . _:b665806219 . _:b666238422 "2012-08-14"^^ . _:b665862219 . _:b666209333 . _:b663914324 . _:b665806212 . _:b663914325 . _:b665862217 . _:b665806213 . _:b666209343 . _:b665806214 . _:b665806215 . _:b666209339 . _:b665806208 . _:b665798918 . _:b666209314 . _:b665806209 . _:b663914273 "TAO"^^ . _:b665798767 "cecum"^^ . _:b665862058 "url:http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf" . _:b666209317 . _:b665806210 . _:b665806211 . _:b665806236 . _:b665798915 . _:b665806237 . _:b665862834 . _:b663913430 "GOC:GO"^^ . _:b665861933 . _:b663914306 . _:b665806238 . _:b666209353 "All parts of spatiotemporal regions are spatiotemporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [096-001])"@en . _:b666209316 . _:b665806239 . _:b666209315 . _:b663914304 . _:b665805351 "(forall (x) (if (SpatialRegion x) (Continuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [035-001] " . _:b665806232 . _:b663914305 . _:b665806233 . _:b665861950 . _:b665861937 . _:b665806234 . _:b666209425 . _:b665806235 . _:b665861948 . _:b665861942 . _:b666209327 . _:b666209424 . _:b665798034 "UBERON:0001155"^^ . _:b665806228 . _:b666209326 . _:b665806229 . _:b665806230 . _:b666208634 . _:b663516770 "ncithesaurus:Colon"^^ . _:b666238778 . _:b665862239 . _:b665806231 . _:b663914315 . _:b665861943 . _:b666209325 . _:b665806224 . _:b665862238 . _:b666208632 . _:b663913985 . _:b665806225 . _:b665861945 . _:b666208633 . _:b663913984 . _:b665806226 . _:b665806227 . _:b663516021 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b665862242 . _:b665806252 . _:b663914316 . _:b663516667 . _:b665806253 . _:b666238396 "2012-08-14"^^ . _:b665861944 . _:b665806254 . _:b665806255 . _:b663913489 . _:b665861946 . _:b665806248 . _:b665862681 "if b is a material entity, then there is some temporal interval (referred to below as a one-dimensional temporal region) during which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [011-002])"@en . _:b665806249 . _:b665861949 . _:b665806250 . _:b665806251 . _:b665861951 . _:b665806244 . _:b665806245 . _:b665806246 . _:b665806247 . _:b665861947 . _:b666208695 "A primary bacterial infectious disease that results_in infection located_in intestine, has_material_basis_in Campylobacter jejuni, which is transmitted_by ingestion of contaminated food or water or transmitted_by contact with infected people or animals. The infection has_symptom diarrhea or has_symptom dysentery, has_symptom abdominal cramps and pain, and has_symptom fever." . _:b665806385 "The posterior intestine has short longitudinally arranged epithelial folds which are similar to the colon of higher vertebrates. Wallace et al, 2005.[TAO]"^^ . _:b665806240 . _:b665863016 "Subdivision of digestive tract that connects the stomach to the large intestine and is where much of the digestion and absorption of food takes place (with the exception of ruminants). The mammalian small intestine is long and coiled and can be differentiated histologically into: duodenum, jejunem, ileum[WP,cjm,Kardong]."^^ . _:b665806241 . _:b665806242 . _:b665806243 . _:b663519972 "A spatial region is a continuant entity that is a continuant_part_of spaceR as defined relative to some frame R. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [035-001])"@en . _:b665861941 . _:b665861940 . _:b665806268 . _:b665806269 . _:b665861936 . _:b665806270 . _:b665806271 . _:b665861939 . _:b665861938 . _:b665806264 . _:b665806265 . _:b665861932 . _:b665806266 . _:b665806267 . _:b665861935 . _:b665861934 . _:b665806260 . _:b663913362 "1"^^ . _:b666238382 "cecum"^^ . _:b663520817 . _:b665861931 . _:b665806261 . _:b663913363 "1"^^ . _:b666238177 "(forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt x y t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [021-002] " . _:b665806262 . _:b665861929 . _:b665806263 . _:b665861930 . _:b663515985 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b665806256 . _:b663520312 . _:b666209396 . _:b665806257 . _:b665806258 . _:b665806259 . _:b665805413 "(iff (ProcessBoundary a) (exists (p) (and (Process p) (temporalPartOf a p) (not (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [084-001] " . _:b666209399 . _:b665806156 . _:b666209392 . _:b665806157 . _:b665798825 "3"^^ . _:b665806158 . _:b665861525 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b666209394 . _:b665806159 . _:b663913688 . _:b665806152 . _:b665861991 . _:b665806153 . _:b665861384 . _:b666209405 . _:b665806154 . _:b663913685 . _:b665861989 . _:b665806155 . _:b666209407 . _:b665806148 . _:b665806149 . _:b665861986 . _:b665806150 . _:b665861984 . _:b665806151 . _:b665861985 . _:b665861990 . _:b663520913 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b665806144 . _:b665798834 "3"^^ . _:b666209526 . _:b665806145 . _:b665806332 . _:b665861992 . _:b666209381 . _:b666209379 . _:b665806146 . _:b666209527 . _:b665861996 . _:b663515972 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b665806147 . _:b665861997 . _:b666209383 . _:b665806172 . _:b665861995 . _:b665798814 . _:b663516785 . _:b665806173 . _:b665806174 . _:b665861993 . _:b665798812 . _:b665806175 . _:b665798813 . _:b665806168 . _:b665806169 . _:b665861953 . _:b666209387 . _:b665806170 . _:b665863012 . _:b666209390 . _:b665806171 . _:b665806164 . _:b665806165 . _:b665861544 "MP:0004002"^^ . _:b665861965 . _:b666209385 . _:b665806166 . _:b665861966 . _:b665861958 . _:b666209388 . _:b665806167 . _:b665806160 . _:b665862013 . _:b665862034 "b process_profile_of c holds when b proper_occurrent_part_of c& there is some proper_occurrent_part d of c which has no parts in common with b & is mutually dependent on b& is such that b, c and d occupy the same temporal region (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [094-005])"@en . _:b666209364 . _:b665806161 . _:b665862012 . _:b665806162 . _:b665862015 . _:b665806287 . _:b665861955 . _:b665806163 . _:b665862014 . _:b665861954 . _:b665806188 . _:b665861952 . _:b665861957 . _:b665806189 . _:b665861956 . _:b665806190 . _:b665806191 . _:b663520763 "(forall (x) (if (FiatObjectPart x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y) (and (Object y) (properContinuantPartOfAt x y t)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [027-004] " . _:b665862440 . . _:b665806184 . _:b665862009 . _:b665862011 . _:b665862008 . _:b666209372 . _:b665806185 . _:b665806186 . _:b665798832 . _:b666209374 . _:b665806187 . _:b665798833 . _:b665862010 . _:b665806278 . _:b665806180 . _:b663515463 . _:b666209368 . _:b665806181 . _:b665861959 . _:b665806182 . _:b666209749 . _:b665806183 . _:b665806176 . _:b665862000 . _:b665806177 . _:b665861960 . _:b665862001 . _:b665861961 . _:b663520959 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b665861963 . _:b665806178 . _:b665862435 . _:b665861962 . _:b665862004 . _:b666209350 . _:b665806179 . _:b665798815 "3"^^ . _:b665806204 . _:b665862002 . _:b665861967 . _:b666209344 . _:b665806205 . _:b665862006 . _:b665806206 . _:b665862003 . _:b665861964 . _:b665862005 . _:b665806207 . _:b665862007 . _:b665806200 . _:b663516405 . _:b665861970 . _:b665806201 . _:b665806202 . _:b665861968 . _:b666209525 "VHOG:0000054"^^ . _:b665806203 . _:b665861971 . _:b665861969 . _:b665806196 . _:b665861998 . _:b665861974 . _:b665861972 . _:b665861975 . _:b666209352 . _:b665806197 . _:b665861999 . _:b665798823 . _:b665861994 . _:b665806198 . _:b663516701 . _:b665806199 . _:b665861973 . _:b665806192 . _:b665861982 . _:b665806250 . _:b665861983 . _:b663515926 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b665806193 . _:b665806194 . _:b665798824 . _:b665861976 . _:b665861980 . _:b665806195 . _:b665861987 . _:b666238372 "VHOG:0001751"^^ . _:b665861981 . _:b665806092 . _:b665861988 . _:b665806093 . _:b665861977 . _:b665861979 . _:b665806094 . _:b665861978 . _:b665806095 . _:b663520217 "BTO:0001307"^^ . _:b665806088 . _:b665861276 . _:b666208655 "p is a process boundary =Def. p is a temporal part of a process & p has no proper temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [084-001])"@en . _:b665806089 . _:b665806090 . _:b663520414 . _:b665860535 "(forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [020-002] " . _:b665806091 . _:b665861279 . _:b665806084 . _:b665861287 . _:b665861318 . _:b665806085 . _:b665861278 . _:b665806086 . _:b665861277 . _:b663914219 . _:b665806087 . _:b665861313 . _:b665806080 . _:b665862351 . _:b665806081 . _:b665861312 . _:b665861264 . _:b665861290 . _:b665806082 . _:b665861265 . _:b665861289 . _:b665806083 . _:b665861288 . _:b665861292 . _:b665806108 . _:b665861291 . _:b665806109 . _:b665806110 . _:b665806111 . _:b665806104 . _:b665861259 . _:b665806105 . _:b665806106 . _:b665861299 . _:b665806107 . _:b665861298 . _:b665806100 . _:b665861257 . _:b665805554 "1"^^ . _:b665861258 . _:b665806101 . _:b665861261 . _:b665806102 . _:b665861256 . _:b665861263 . _:b665805553 "1"^^ . _:b665861262 . _:b665806103 . _:b665805558 "1"^^ . _:b665861260 . _:b665806096 . _:b666209426 . _:b665806097 . _:b665805559 "1"^^ . _:b663914117 . _:b666209429 . _:b665806098 . _:b663520972 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b665806099 . _:b663519998 . _:b663519999 . _:b665861300 . _:b663519996 . _:b666209431 . _:b663519997 . _:b665806124 . _:b663519994 . _:b663519995 . _:b663519992 . _:b666209424 . _:b663519993 . _:b665862887 "UMLS:C0021851"^^ . _:b665806125 . _:b663519990 . _:b663519991 . _:b663519988 . _:b663519989 . _:b665861252 . _:b665805746 . _:b665806126 . _:b663519986 . _:b665861254 . _:b663519987 . _:b663519984 . _:b663519985 . _:b665861253 . _:b663914003 "(forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [095-001] " . _:b665806127 . _:b663519982 . _:b665861255 . _:b665861248 . _:b663519983 . _:b663519980 . _:b666209427 . _:b663519981 . _:b665806120 . _:b663519978 . _:b663519979 . _:b663519976 . _:b663519977 . _:b665806121 . _:b663519974 . _:b663519975 . _:b663519972 . _:b663519973 . _:b665806122 . _:b663519970 . _:b663519971 . _:b663519968 . _:b663519969 . _:b665806123 . _:b663519966 . _:b663516733 "esophagus NOT part of gut in MA. part of gut in ZFA. part_of gut (via UGIT) in FMA. Consider splitting. Interspecies: The human oesophagus is 25 cm long and has a diameter of ca. 2 cm. Only little information was found on the oesophagus in rat, rabbit and pig. The oesophagus of rat (75 x 2 mm) and rabbit has no mucous glands and the cardia of the stomach has a well-developed sphincter, which prevents them from vomiting (Hebel and Stromberg, 1988; Manning et al., 1994). Morphologically the oesophagus is similar in man and pig; both are omnivores and have a non-keratinised epithelium, submucous glands and similar membrane enzymes. Like in humans, pigs can suffer from reflux oesophagitis and stress ulceration of the oesophagus. The pig oesophagus may therefore be a good model for investigation compared to the human oesophagus (Christie et al., 1995)"^^ . _:b663519967 . _:b663519964 . _:b663519965 . _:b665806116 . _:b663519962 . _:b665861499 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b665861250 . _:b663519963 . _:b663519960 . _:b663519961 . _:b665806117 . _:b663519958 . _:b665861251 . _:b663519959 . _:b663519956 . _:b663519957 . _:b665861249 . _:b665806118 . _:b663519954 . _:b663913980 . _:b663519955 . _:b663519952 . _:b663519953 . _:b666239317 "To say that each spatiotemporal region s temporally_projects_onto some temporal region t is to say that t is the temporal extension of s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [080-003])"@en . _:b665806119 . _:b663519950 . _:b663913981 . _:b663516748 . _:b663519951 . _:b663519948 . _:b663519949 . _:b665806112 . _:b663519946 . _:b663913982 . _:b663519947 . _:b663519944 . _:b663519945 . _:b665806113 . _:b663914362 . _:b663913983 . _:b663519942 . _:b663516750 . _:b663914165 . _:b663519943 . _:b663519940 . _:b663519941 . _:b665806114 . _:b663519938 . _:b663913976 . _:b663516751 . _:b665861296 . _:b663914164 . _:b663519939 . _:b663519936 . _:b663519937 . _:b665806115 . _:b663519934 . _:b663913977 . _:b663519935 . _:b665861297 . _:b663519932 . _:b663519933 . _:b665806140 . _:b663519930 . _:b663913978 . _:b663519931 . _:b666209518 . _:b663519928 . _:b666209414 . _:b663521033 "cjm"^^ . _:b663519929 . _:b665806141 . _:b663519926 . _:b663913979 . _:b663519927 . _:b663519924 . _:b663519925 . _:b665806142 . _:b663519922 . _:b663913972 . _:b663519923 . _:b666208848 "The few structural specializations in (adult lampreys) pharynx include complex valves on the external gill openings that direct the tidal flow, and the division of the ancestral pharynx into an oesophagus and a respiratory pharynx.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663519920 . _:b663519921 . _:b665806143 . _:b663519918 . _:b663913973 . _:b663516756 . _:b663519919 . _:b663519916 . _:b663520299 "The fixed portion of the small intestine deeply lodged in the posterior wall of the abdomen and extending from the pylorus to the beginning of the jejunum. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663519917 . _:b665861269 . _:b665806136 . _:b663519914 . _:b663913974 . _:b663516757 . _:b663519915 . _:b663519912 . _:b663519913 . _:b665861268 . _:b665806137 . _:b663519910 . _:b663913975 . _:b663516758 . _:b663914174 . _:b663519911 . _:b663519908 . _:b663519909 . _:b665806138 . _:b663519906 . _:b663913968 . _:b663516759 . _:b663519907 . _:b663519904 . _:b665861270 . _:b663519905 . _:b665806139 . _:b663519902 . _:b663913969 . _:b663516752 . _:b663519903 . _:b663519900 . _:b663516022 "The posterior intestine has short longitudinally arranged epithelial folds which are similar to the colon of higher vertebrates. Wallace et al, 2005.[TAO]"^^ . _:b665861293 . _:b665861271 . _:b665806132 . _:b663519901 . _:b663519898 . _:b663913970 . _:b663516753 . _:b663519899 . _:b663519896 . _:b666209416 . _:b663519897 . _:b665806133 . _:b663519894 . _:b663913971 . _:b663516754 . _:b663519895 . _:b663519892 . _:b663519893 . _:b665806134 . _:b663519890 . _:b665861267 . _:b663913964 . _:b663516755 . _:b663519891 . _:b663519888 . _:b663519889 . _:b665861294 . _:b665806135 . _:b663519886 . _:b665861266 . _:b663913965 . _:b663519887 . _:b663519884 . _:b666209419 . _:b663519885 . _:b665806128 . _:b663519882 . _:b666209353 . _:b665861282 . _:b663913966 . _:b663519883 . _:b663519880 . _:b663521053 "cjm"^^ . _:b663519881 . _:b663913529 "UMLS:C0009368"^^ . _:b665806129 . _:b663519878 . _:b666209352 . _:b663913967 . _:b663519879 . _:b663519876 . _:b663519877 . _:b665861281 . _:b665806130 . _:b663519874 . _:b666209355 . _:b663913960 . _:b663519875 . _:b665861275 . _:b663519872 . _:b663519873 . _:b665861272 . _:b665806131 . _:b663519870 . _:b666209354 . _:b665861280 . _:b663913961 . _:b663516760 . _:b665861274 . _:b663519871 . _:b663519868 . _:b663519869 . _:b665806028 . _:b663520323 . _:b666209357 . _:b663913962 . _:b663519866 . _:b663519867 . _:b663519864 . _:b665861286 . _:b663519865 . _:b665861283 . _:b665806029 . _:b663519862 . _:b666209356 . _:b663913963 . _:b663519863 . _:b663519860 . _:b665861273 . _:b663519861 . _:b665806030 . _:b663519858 . _:b666209359 . _:b665861284 . _:b663519859 . _:b663519856 . _:b663519857 . _:b665806031 . _:b663519854 . _:b666209358 . _:b665861295 . _:b663913957 . _:b663519855 . _:b663519852 . _:b665861285 . _:b663519853 . _:b665806024 . _:b663519850 . _:b663913958 . _:b663519851 . _:b663519848 . _:b663519849 . _:b666238032 . _:b665806025 . _:b663519846 . _:b663913959 . _:b663519847 . _:b663519844 . _:b663519845 . _:b665806026 . _:b663519842 . _:b663519843 . _:b663519840 . _:b663519841 . _:b665806027 . _:b663519838 . _:b663519839 . _:b663519836 . _:b663913362 . _:b665806020 . _:b663519837 . _:b663519834 . _:b663519835 . _:b663519832 . _:b663519833 . _:b665806021 . _:b663519830 . _:b663519831 . _:b663519828 . _:b663519829 . _:b665806022 . _:b663519826 . _:b663519827 . _:b663519824 . _:b663521043 "cjm"^^ . _:b663519825 . _:b665806023 . _:b663519822 . _:b663519823 . _:b663519820 . _:b663519821 . _:b665806016 . _:b663519818 . _:b663519819 . _:b663519816 . _:b663519817 . _:b665806017 . _:b663519814 . _:b663519815 . _:b663519812 . _:b663519813 . _:b665806018 . _:b663519810 . _:b663519811 . _:b663519808 . _:b663519809 . _:b665806019 . _:b663519806 . _:b663519807 . _:b663519804 . _:b663519805 . _:b665806044 . _:b663519802 . _:b663519803 . _:b666209373 . _:b663519800 . _:b663519801 . _:b665806045 . _:b663519798 . _:b663519799 . _:b666209372 . _:b663519796 . _:b663519797 . _:b665806046 . _:b663519794 . _:b663519795 . _:b663519792 . _:b663519793 . _:b665806047 . _:b663519790 . _:b663515464 . _:b663519791 . _:b663519788 . _:b663519789 . _:b665806040 . _:b663519786 . _:b666209361 . _:b663519787 . _:b663519784 . _:b665798013 "BTO:0001158"^^ . _:b663519785 . _:b666208725 . _:b665806041 . _:b663519782 . _:b666209360 . _:b663519783 . _:b663519780 . _:b663913172 _:b663913171 . _:b663519781 . _:b665806042 . _:b663913173 _:b663913172 . _:b663519778 . _:b663519779 . _:b663519776 . _:b663519777 . _:b665806043 . _:b663519774 . _:b663913174 _:b663913177 . _:b663519775 . _:b663519772 . _:b663521062 "cjm"^^ . _:b663519773 . _:b665806036 . _:b663519770 . _:b665861302 . _:b663913170 _:b663913173 . _:b663519771 . _:b663519768 . _:b663519769 . _:b665806037 . _:b663519766 . _:b663519767 . _:b663519764 . _:b663519765 . _:b665806038 . _:b663519762 . _:b663519763 . _:b663519760 . _:b663519761 . _:b665806039 . _:b663519758 . _:b665862063 . _:b663519759 . _:b665861301 . _:b663519756 . _:b663913180 _:b663913179 . _:b663519757 . _:b665806032 . _:b663913181 _:b663913180 . _:b663519754 . _:b663519755 . _:b663519752 . _:b663519753 . _:b665805801 . _:b665806033 . _:b663519750 . _:b663519751 . _:b663519748 . _:b663519749 . _:b665806034 . _:b663519746 . _:b663519747 . _:b663519744 . _:b663519745 . _:b665806035 . _:b663516863 . _:b663520254 . _:b663520255 . _:b663520252 . _:b663520253 . _:b665806060 . _:b663520250 . _:b663520251 . _:b665861310 . _:b663520248 . _:b663520249 . _:b665806061 . _:b663913177 _:b663913176 . _:b663520246 . _:b665861311 . _:b665806536 . _:b663515835 "A disease is a disposition (i) to undergo pathological processes that (ii) exists in an organism because of one or more disorders in that organism." . _:b663520247 . _:b663520244 . _:b665798747 "ncithesaurus:Esophagus"^^ . _:b665806062 . _:b663520245 . _:b663520242 . _:b663913178 _:b663913181 . _:b663520243 . _:b663520240 . _:b663913176 _:b663913175 . _:b663520241 . _:b665806063 . _:b663520238 . _:b663520239 . _:b663913154 _:b663913158 . _:b663520236 . _:b663520237 . _:b665806056 . _:b663520234 . _:b666209544 . _:b663520235 . _:b663520232 . _:b663520233 . _:b665806057 . _:b663520230 . _:b666209545 . _:b663520231 . _:b665861307 . _:b663520971 "Tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach. In mammals, the oesophagus connects the buccal cavity with the stomach. The stratified squamous non-keratinised epithelium lining the buccal cavity is continued through the pharynx down into the oesophagus. The lowest part of the oesophagus (ca. 2 cm) is lined with gastric mucosa and covered by peritoneum. The main body of the oesophagus is lined with small, simple mucous glands. Each gland opens into the lumen by a long duct which pierces the muscularis mucosae (Wilson and Washington, 1989). A sphincter is situated at the point where the oesophagus enters the stomach to prevent gastro-oesophageal reflux, i.e. to prevent acidic gastric contents from reaching stratified epithelia of the oesophagus, where they can cause inflammation and irritation (Wilson and Washington, 1989; Brown et al., 1993)."^^ . _:b663520228 . _:b663520229 . _:b666209350 "A two-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of two dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [039-001])"@en . _:b665806058 . _:b663520226 . _:b665862052 . _:b663520227 . _:b663520224 . _:b663520225 . _:b665806059 . _:b663913153 _:b663913152 . _:b663520222 . _:b663520223 . _:b666209334 "For every independent continuant b and time t during the region of time spanned by its life, there are entities which s-depends_on b during t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [018-002])"@en . _:b663520220 . _:b663520221 . _:b665806052 . _:b663520218 . _:b663520219 . _:b663520216 . _:b663520217 . _:b665806053 . _:b663520214 . _:b663913158 _:b663913157 . _:b663520215 . _:b666208687 . _:b663520212 . _:b665805679 "proximal intestine"^^ . _:b663913156 _:b663913155 . _:b663520213 . _:b665806054 . _:b663913157 _:b663913156 . _:b663520210 . _:b663913159 _:b663913161 . _:b663914044 . _:b663520211 . _:b663520208 . _:b663520209 . _:b665806055 . _:b663520206 . _:b663914045 . _:b663520207 . _:b663520204 . _:b663520205 . _:b665806048 . _:b663520202 . _:b663914046 . _:b663520203 . _:b663520200 . _:b663520201 . _:b665806049 . _:b663913161 _:b663913160 . _:b663520198 . _:b663914047 . _:b663520199 . _:b663520196 . _:b663520197 . _:b666209401 . _:b665806050 . _:b663520194 . _:b663516646 . _:b663914040 . _:b663520195 . _:b663520192 . _:b666238906 "b is a site means: b is a three-dimensional immaterial entity that is (partially or wholly) bounded by a material entity or it is a three-dimensional immaterial part thereof. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [034-002])"@en . _:b663520193 . _:b666209402 . _:b665806051 . _:b663520190 . _:b663914041 . _:b663520191 . _:b663520188 . _:b663520189 . _:b666209403 . _:b665806076 . _:b663520186 . _:b663914042 . _:b663520187 . _:b663520184 . _:b663520185 . _:b666209404 . _:b665806077 . _:b663520182 . _:b666209405 . _:b663914043 . _:b663520183 . _:b663520180 . _:b663520181 . _:b665806078 . _:b665806430 "the portion of the small intestine that extends from the duodenum to the ileum"^^ . _:b666209406 . _:b663914036 . _:b663520178 . _:b663520179 . _:b665806196 "url:http://www.health.state.ny.us/diseases/communicable/campylobacteriosis/fact_sheet.htm" . _:b663520176 . _:b663520177 . _:b666209677 "ncithesaurus:Jejunum"^^ . _:b665806079 . _:b663520174 . _:b663914037 . _:b663520175 . _:b663913202 _:b663913204 . _:b663520172 . _:b663520173 . _:b665806072 . _:b663520170 . _:b663914038 . _:b663520171 . _:b663520168 . _:b666209392 . _:b663520169 . _:b665806073 . _:b663520166 . _:b663914039 . _:b663520167 . _:b663520164 . _:b666209393 . _:b663520165 . _:b665806074 . _:b663520162 . _:b663914032 . _:b663520163 . _:b663520160 . _:b663520161 . _:b665806075 . _:b663520158 . _:b663914033 . _:b663520159 . _:b663520156 . _:b663520157 . _:b665806068 . _:b663520154 . _:b663914034 . _:b663520155 . _:b663913208 _:b663913210 . _:b663520152 . _:b663520153 . _:b663520972 "Anterior end of the alimentary canal lined with smooth muscle. Bounded anteriorly by a constriction in the pharynx. Bounded posteriorly by and increase in circular and/or longitudinal smooth muscle associated with the stomach.[AAO]"^^ . _:b665806069 . _:b663520150 . _:b663914035 . _:b663520151 . _:b663520148 . _:b663520149 . _:b665806070 . _:b663520146 . _:b663913210 _:b663913209 . _:b663914028 . _:b663520147 . _:b663520144 . _:b663520145 . _:b665806071 . _:b663516891 . _:b663520142 . _:b663914029 . _:b663520143 . _:b663913207 _:b663913206 . _:b663520140 . _:b666208922 "In humans, the duodenum is a hollow jointed tube about 10-15 inches (25-38 centimetres) long connecting the stomach to the jejunum. It begins with the duodenal bulb and ends at the ligament of Treitz."^^ . _:b663520141 . _:b666209708 . _:b663520709 "(forall (x) (if (Occurrent x) (exists (r) (and (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x r))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [108-001] " . _:b665806064 . _:b663520138 . _:b663914030 . _:b663520139 . _:b663520136 . _:b663520137 . _:b665806065 . _:b663520134 . _:b665805594 . _:b663914031 . _:b663520135 . _:b663520132 . _:b663913204 _:b663913203 . _:b663520133 . _:b665806066 . _:b663520130 . _:b663913200 _:b663913199 . _:b663914024 . _:b663520131 . _:b663520128 . _:b663913205 _:b663913207 . _:b663520129 . _:b666209711 . _:b665806067 . _:b663913201 _:b663913198 . _:b663520126 . _:b663914025 . _:b663520127 . _:b663520124 . _:b663520125 . _:b665805964 . _:b663516894 . _:b663520122 . _:b663914026 . _:b663520123 . _:b663520120 . _:b663520121 . _:b665805965 . _:b663520118 . _:b663914027 . _:b663520119 . _:b663520116 . _:b663520117 . _:b665805966 . _:b663520114 . _:b663914020 . _:b663520115 . _:b663520112 . _:b663520113 . _:b665805967 . _:b663913201 _:b663913200 . _:b663520110 . _:b663914021 . _:b663520111 . _:b663520108 . _:b663520109 . _:b665805960 . _:b663913195 _:b663913194 . _:b663520106 . _:b663914022 . _:b663520107 . _:b663520104 . _:b663520105 . _:b665805961 . _:b663520102 . _:b663914023 . _:b663520103 . _:b663520100 . _:b663520101 . _:b665805962 . _:b663520098 . _:b663914016 . _:b663520099 . _:b663520096 . _:b663520097 . _:b665805963 . _:b663520094 . _:b663914017 . _:b663520095 . _:b663520092 . _:b663913196 _:b663913195 . _:b663520093 . _:b665805956 . _:b663520090 . _:b663913186 _:b663913183 . _:b663914018 . _:b663520091 . _:b663914089 . _:b663520088 . _:b663520089 . _:b665805957 . _:b663520086 . _:b663914019 . _:b663520087 . _:b663520084 . _:b663520085 . _:b665805958 . _:b663520082 . _:b663914012 . _:b663520083 . _:b663520080 . _:b663913196 _:b663913193 . _:b663520081 . _:b665805959 . _:b663520078 . _:b666238396 "The posterior intestine has short longitudinally arranged epithelial folds which are similar to the colon of higher vertebrates. Wallace et al, 2005.[TAO]"^^ . _:b663914013 . _:b663520079 . _:b663913185 _:b663913184 . _:b663520076 . _:b663520077 . _:b665805952 . _:b663520074 . _:b663913186 _:b663913185 . _:b663914014 . _:b663520075 . _:b663520072 . _:b663520073 . _:b665805953 . _:b663520070 . _:b663914015 . _:b663520071 . _:b663520068 . _:b663520069 . _:b665805954 . _:b663520066 . _:b663914008 . _:b663520067 . _:b663520064 . _:b663520065 . _:b665805955 . _:b663520062 . _:b663914009 . _:b663913320 "(iff (RelationalQuality a) (exists (b c t) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (IndependentContinuant c) (qualityOfAt a b t) (qualityOfAt a c t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [057-001] " . _:b666238104 "Spatial region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the union of a spatial point and a spatial line that doesn't overlap the point, or two spatial lines that intersect at a single point. In both cases the resultant spatial region is neither 0-dimensional, 1-dimensional, 2-dimensional, or 3-dimensional."@en . _:b663913191 _:b663913190 . _:b663520063 . _:b663520060 . _:b663520061 . _:b663515926 "Portion of the alimentary canal bounded anteriorly by the pyloric sphincter and posteriorly by the cloacal sphincter.[AAO]"^^ . _:b665805980 . _:b663520058 . _:b663914010 . _:b663520059 . _:b663520056 . _:b663520057 . _:b665805981 . _:b663520054 . _:b663914011 . _:b663520055 . _:b663520052 . _:b663913190 _:b663913189 . _:b663520053 . _:b665805982 . _:b663520050 . _:b663914004 . _:b665805771 "The pharynx is the part of the digestive system immediately posterior to the mouth[GO]."^^ . _:b663913191 _:b663913188 . _:b663520051 . _:b663520048 . _:b663520049 . _:b665805983 . _:b663520046 . _:b663914005 . _:b663520047 . _:b666238923 "(forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt x y t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [021-002] " . _:b663520044 . _:b663520045 . _:b665805976 . _:b663520042 . _:b663914006 . _:b663520043 . _:b663913091 _:b663913090 . _:b663520040 . _:b663520041 . _:b665805977 . _:b663520038 . _:b663516609 . _:b663914007 . _:b663520039 . _:b663520036 . _:b663520037 . _:b665805978 . _:b663520034 . _:b663516622 . _:b663914000 . _:b663520035 . _:b663520032 . _:b663520033 . _:b666208687 "url:https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/general/index.html" . _:b665805979 . _:b663913089 _:b663913088 . _:b663520030 . _:b663914001 . _:b663520031 . _:b663520028 . _:b663520029 . _:b665805972 . _:b663520026 . _:b663914002 . _:b663520027 . _:b663520024 . _:b663520025 . _:b665805973 . _:b663520022 . _:b663913094 _:b663913093 . _:b663914003 . _:b663520023 . _:b663913095 _:b663913098 . _:b663520020 . _:b663913092 _:b663913091 . _:b663520021 . _:b665805974 . _:b663520018 . _:b663913996 . _:b663520019 . _:b666208658 "(iff (ProcessBoundary a) (exists (p) (and (Process p) (temporalPartOf a p) (not (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [084-001] " . _:b663520016 . _:b663520017 . _:b665805975 . _:b663520014 . _:b663913997 . _:b663520015 . _:b663520012 . _:b663520013 . _:b665805968 . _:b663520010 . _:b663913998 . _:b663520011 . _:b665805627 . _:b663520008 . _:b663520009 . _:b665805969 . _:b663913097 _:b663913096 . _:b663520006 . _:b663913999 . _:b663520007 . _:b665805626 . _:b663520004 . _:b663520005 . _:b665805970 . _:b663520002 . _:b663913098 _:b663913097 . _:b663913992 . _:b663520003 . _:b663520000 . _:b663520001 . _:b665805971 . _:b663913993 . _:b663516631 . _:b663913100 _:b663913099 . _:b663913101 _:b663913100 . _:b665805996 . _:b663913994 . _:b665805997 . _:b663913995 . _:b663913103 _:b663913102 . _:b665805998 . _:b663913988 . _:b665805999 . _:b663913989 . _:b665805992 . _:b665861183 . _:b663913990 . _:b665805993 . _:b663913991 . _:b663913110 _:b663913109 . _:b663913109 _:b663913108 . _:b665805994 . _:b663913984 . _:b665805995 . _:b663913985 . _:b665805988 . _:b666209433 "A primary bacterial infectious disease caused by the bacteria of the genus Salmonella. It has sypmtoms diarrhea, fever, vomiting, and abdominal cramps 12 to 72 hours after infection. In most cases, the illness lasts four to seven days, and most people recover without treatment." . _:b663913986 . _:b663913106 _:b663913105 . _:b663913107 _:b663913106 . _:b665805989 . _:b663913987 . _:b665805990 . _:b663913104 _:b663913107 . _:b665805991 . _:b663913116 _:b663913115 . _:b665805984 . _:b663520760 "b is a role means: b is a realizable entity & b exists because there is some single bearer that is in some special physical, social, or institutional set of circumstances in which this bearer does not have to be& b is not such that, if it ceases to exist, then the physical make-up of the bearer is thereby changed. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [061-001])"@en . _:b663516937 . _:b665805985 . _:b663913119 _:b663913118 . . _:b665805986 . _:b666208694 . _:b665805987 . _:b663913118 _:b663913117 . _:b665806012 . _:b666239163 . _:b663913113 _:b663913116 . _:b665806013 . _:b665806014 . _:b663913115 _:b663913114 . _:b663913112 _:b663913111 . _:b665806015 . _:b665806008 . . _:b665806009 . _:b665806010 . _:b663913130 _:b663913129 . _:b663913131 _:b663913134 . _:b663913128 _:b663913127 . _:b665806011 . _:b663914211 . _:b663913133 _:b663913132 . . _:b665806004 . _:b665806005 . _:b665806006 . _:b663914092 . _:b665806007 . _:b666209614 "UMLS:C0007531"^^ . _:b663913134 _:b663913133 . _:b665806000 . _:b663913122 _:b663913125 . _:b666209533 "Segment of the alimentary canal extending from the stomach to the anus and, in humans and other mammals, consists of two segments, the small intestine and the large intestine."^^ . _:b666238996 . _:b665806001 . _:b665806002 . _:b665862732 "(forall (x) (if (RealizableEntity x) (and (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (inheresIn x y)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [058-002] " . _:b663913121 _:b663913120 . _:b665861378 . _:b665806003 . _:b663913127 _:b663913126 . _:b665805900 . _:b663914204 . _:b665805901 . _:b663913124 _:b663913123 . _:b663913125 _:b663913124 . _:b665805902 . _:b663914084 . _:b663913510 "WP"^^ . _:b665805903 . _:b663516928 . _:b663914085 . _:b663913148 _:b663913147 . _:b665805896 . _:b665861217 . _:b663914086 . _:b665861216 . _:b665861209 . _:b665861218 . _:b665805897 . _:b663914087 . _:b663913151 _:b663913150 . _:b665861208 . _:b665805898 . _:b665861211 . _:b665805899 . _:b663914081 . _:b663913150 _:b663913149 . _:b665861210 . _:b665805892 . _:b665861222 . _:b665805893 . _:b665861223 . _:b665805894 . _:b665797781 "(forall (x) (if (Quality x) (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [055-001] " . _:b663914076 . _:b663913146 _:b663913145 . _:b663913147 _:b663913146 . _:b663913144 _:b663913143 . _:b665861221 . _:b665805895 . _:b663913143 _:b663913142 . _:b665861207 . _:b665805888 . _:b666239012 . _:b663913136 _:b663913135 . _:b663913140 _:b663913144 . _:b665862861 . _:b665861225 . _:b665805889 . _:b663913142 _:b663913141 . _:b665861205 . _:b665861227 . _:b665805890 . _:b665861226 . _:b663914072 . _:b665861224 . _:b665861206 . _:b665805891 . _:b663914073 . _:b665861231 . _:b665805916 . _:b663914074 . _:b665862148 "Segment of the alimentary canal extending from the stomach to the anus and, in humans and other mammals, consists of two segments, the small intestine and the large intestine."^^ . _:b665861230 . _:b663913139 _:b663913138 . _:b663913088 _:b663913087 . _:b665861212 . _:b665805917 . _:b663914075 . _:b665861201 . _:b665805918 . _:b665861228 . _:b663914068 . _:b665861229 . _:b663913137 _:b663913136 . _:b665805919 . _:b663914069 . _:b665861203 . _:b663913085 _:b663913084 . _:b665861238 . _:b665805912 . _:b663914070 . _:b665797988 "UMLS:C0038351"^^ . _:b665805913 . _:b665861239 . _:b663914071 . _:b665805914 . _:b663914064 . _:b665861236 . _:b665861237 . _:b665805915 . _:b663914065 . _:b665805668 . _:b665805908 . _:b663914066 . _:b665861232 . _:b665861234 . _:b665805909 . _:b665861193 . _:b663914067 . _:b665861192 . _:b665861195 . _:b665861194 . _:b665861235 . _:b665805910 . _:b663914060 . _:b663913082 _:b663913081 . _:b663913083 _:b663913082 . _:b663913080 _:b663913079 . _:b665805911 . _:b663914061 . _:b663515869 . _:b663913079 _:b663913078 . _:b665861233 . _:b663913077 _:b663913080 . _:b665861247 . _:b665805904 . _:b663914062 . _:b665805905 . _:b665861189 . _:b663914063 . _:b663913076 _:b663913075 . _:b665861188 . _:b665805906 . _:b663914056 . _:b665861245 . _:b665805907 . _:b663519742 . _:b663914057 . _:b663519743 . _:b663519740 . _:b665861190 . _:b663519741 . _:b665805932 . _:b663519738 . _:b665861243 . _:b663913074 _:b663913073 . _:b663914058 . _:b663519739 . _:b665860657 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b663519736 . _:b663519737 . _:b665805933 . _:b663519734 . _:b665861184 . _:b663914059 . _:b663519735 . _:b663519732 . _:b665861244 . _:b663519733 . _:b665805934 . _:b663519730 . _:b663914052 . _:b663519731 . _:b663519728 . _:b665861185 . _:b663519729 . _:b665805935 . _:b663913073 _:b663913072 . _:b663519726 . _:b665860798 "MP:0004002"^^ . _:b663914053 . _:b663519727 . _:b665861186 . _:b663519724 . _:b665861246 . _:b665861240 . _:b663519725 . _:b665805928 . _:b663519722 . _:b663914054 . _:b663519723 . _:b663519720 . _:b663519721 . _:b665861241 . _:b665805929 . _:b663913065 _:b663913064 . _:b663519718 . _:b663914055 . _:b663519719 . _:b663519716 . _:b663519717 . _:b665861242 . _:b665805930 . _:b663519714 . _:b663914048 . _:b663519715 . _:b663913067 _:b663913066 . _:b663519712 . _:b663913064 _:b663913063 . _:b663519713 . _:b665805931 . _:b663519710 . _:b663914049 . _:b663519711 . _:b663519708 . _:b665861187 . _:b663913068 _:b663913071 . _:b663519709 . _:b665805924 . _:b663515755 "(iff (Process a) (and (Occurrent a) (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)) (exists (c t) (and (MaterialEntity c) (specificallyDependsOnAt a c t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [083-003] " . _:b663519706 . _:b663914050 . _:b663519707 . _:b663519704 . _:b663913056 _:b663913055 . _:b663519705 . _:b665805925 . _:b663519702 . _:b663914051 . _:b663519703 . _:b663913071 _:b663913070 . _:b666209584 "gaster"^^ . _:b665805926 . _:b665805927 . _:b663913070 _:b663913069 . _:b665861191 . _:b665805920 . _:b663913058 _:b663913057 . _:b663913059 _:b663913062 . _:b665805921 . _:b663914175 . _:b665861196 . _:b665805922 . _:b663914168 . _:b665805923 . _:b663914169 . _:b665862868 . _:b665861198 . _:b665805948 . _:b663914170 . _:b665862852 . _:b665805949 . _:b663913062 _:b663913061 . _:b665861197 . _:b663913061 _:b663913060 . _:b665805950 . _:b663515844 . _:b665805951 . _:b665861199 . _:b665862875 . _:b665805944 . _:b663914166 . _:b663913040 _:b663913039 . _:b665805945 . _:b663914167 . _:b666238874 . _:b663913045 _:b663913044 . _:b665805946 . _:b666238875 . _:b665805947 . _:b663913046 _:b663913049 . _:b665805940 . _:b663913043 _:b663913042 . _:b665805941 . _:b663913041 _:b663913043 . _:b665861873 . _:b665861200 . _:b665805942 . _:b666238329 . _:b665805943 . _:b663913052 _:b663913051 . _:b663913053 _:b663913052 . _:b665805936 . _:b665805937 . _:b663913055 _:b663913054 . _:b665805938 . _:b665805939 . _:b665861204 . _:b665861219 . _:b665805836 . _:b665861220 . _:b663913049 _:b663913048 . _:b665805837 . _:b665861202 . _:b665805838 . _:b663913050 _:b663913053 . _:b665860703 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b663913048 _:b663913047 . _:b665805839 . _:b665861214 . _:b666208608 "Each spatiotemporal region at any time t projects_onto some spatial region at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [099-001])"@en . _:b665861215 . _:b665861213 . _:b663913026 _:b663913028 . _:b665805832 . _:b665805833 . _:b665861317 . _:b666208864 _:b666208865 . _:b665805834 . _:b665861979 . _:b663913025 _:b663913024 . _:b665805835 . _:b665861859 . _:b665805828 . _:b665861981 . _:b666238160 "b is a site means: b is a three-dimensional immaterial entity that is (partially or wholly) bounded by a material entity or it is a three-dimensional immaterial part thereof. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [034-002])"@en . _:b665805829 . _:b663515891 . _:b665861980 . _:b663913030 _:b663913029 . _:b663913028 _:b663913027 . _:b665805830 . _:b663913031 _:b663913033 . _:b665805831 . _:b665861982 . _:b665805824 . _:b665862143 . _:b663913033 _:b663913032 . _:b665805825 . _:b665805826 . _:b663913035 _:b663913034 . _:b665805827 . _:b663913036 _:b663913038 . _:b665805852 . _:b665805853 . _:b663913086 _:b663913089 . _:b665805854 . _:b665805855 . _:b663913038 _:b663913037 . _:b665805848 . _:b663913001 _:b663913000 . _:b665805849 . _:b665805850 . _:b665861463 "The few structural specializations in (adult lampreys) pharynx include complex valves on the external gill openings that direct the tidal flow, and the division of the ancestral pharynx into an oesophagus and a respiratory pharynx.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665862223 "BTO:0001158"^^ . _:b665862796 . _:b663913003 _:b663913002 . _:b663913000 _:b663912999 . _:b665805851 . _:b663913004 _:b663913003 . _:b665805844 . _:b663912992 _:b663912991 . _:b665805845 . _:b663914394 . _:b666208880 _:b666208881 . _:b665805846 . _:b666209322 "(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (hasContinuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [126-001] " . _:b665805847 . _:b663913006 _:b663913005 . _:b665805840 . _:b663912994 _:b663912993 . _:b663912995 _:b663912994 . _:b665805841 . _:b665805842 . _:b665805843 . _:b663521022 . _:b663521023 . _:b663912999 _:b663912998 . _:b665805527 . _:b663521020 . _:b665805359 "A two-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of two dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [039-001])"@en . _:b663521021 . _:b665805868 . _:b663521018 . _:b663521019 . _:b663913341 "url:http://www2.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/mwmednlm?book=Medical&va=anatomic" . _:b663521016 . _:b663521017 . _:b665805869 . _:b663913489 "Tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach. In mammals, the oesophagus connects the buccal cavity with the stomach. The stratified squamous non-keratinised epithelium lining the buccal cavity is continued through the pharynx down into the oesophagus. The lowest part of the oesophagus (ca. 2 cm) is lined with gastric mucosa and covered by peritoneum. The main body of the oesophagus is lined with small, simple mucous glands. Each gland opens into the lumen by a long duct which pierces the muscularis mucosae (Wilson and Washington, 1989). A sphincter is situated at the point where the oesophagus enters the stomach to prevent gastro-oesophageal reflux, i.e. to prevent acidic gastric contents from reaching stratified epithelia of the oesophagus, where they can cause inflammation and irritation (Wilson and Washington, 1989; Brown et al., 1993)."^^ . _:b663521014 . _:b663521015 . _:b663521012 . _:b663521013 . _:b665805870 . _:b663912997 _:b663912996 . _:b663521010 . _:b663521011 . _:b663521008 . _:b663521009 . _:b665805871 . _:b663521006 . _:b663521007 . _:b663521004 . _:b663914313 "proximal intestine"^^ . _:b663913020 _:b663913019 . _:b663521005 . _:b665805864 . _:b663521002 . _:b663521003 . _:b666239018 . _:b663521000 . _:b663913021 _:b663913023 . _:b663521001 . _:b665805865 . _:b663520998 . _:b665861389 . _:b663520999 . _:b663913023 _:b663913022 . _:b663520996 . _:b663520997 . _:b665805866 . _:b663520994 . _:b665806140 "A one-dimensional spatial region is a line or aggregate of lines stretching from one point in space to another. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [038-001])"@en . _:b663516463 "Occurrent doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the sum of a process and the process boundary of another process."@en . _:b663520995 . _:b663520992 . _:b663520993 . _:b665805867 . _:b663520990 . _:b663520991 . _:b663520988 . _:b663520989 . _:b665805860 . _:b663520986 . _:b663520987 . _:b663913016 _:b663913018 . _:b663520984 . _:b666208766 . _:b663520985 . _:b665805861 . _:b663520982 . _:b663520983 . _:b663520980 . _:b663520981 . _:b665805862 . _:b663520978 . _:b663913018 _:b663913017 . _:b663914236 . _:b663520979 . _:b663520976 . _:b663520977 . _:b665805863 . _:b663520974 . _:b663914237 . _:b663520975 . _:b663913015 _:b663913014 . _:b663520972 . _:b665806494 . _:b665805856 . _:b663520973 . _:b663520970 . _:b663914238 . _:b663520971 . _:b663520968 . _:b663913008 _:b663913007 . _:b665806495 . _:b665805857 . _:b663520969 . _:b663520966 . _:b663914239 . _:b663520967 . _:b663520964 . _:b663913012 _:b663913011 . _:b663520965 . _:b665805858 . _:b663913013 _:b663913012 . _:b663520962 . _:b663520963 . _:b666209612 . _:b663520960 . _:b665806493 . _:b665805859 . _:b663520961 . _:b663520958 . _:b663520959 . _:b666209613 . _:b663520956 . _:b663520957 . _:b665805884 . _:b663520954 . _:b663913010 _:b663913009 . _:b663520955 . _:b666239014 . _:b666209614 . _:b663520952 . _:b663520953 . _:b665805885 . _:b663520950 . _:b663914235 . _:b663520951 . _:b666209615 . _:b663515778 "(forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [038-001] " . _:b663520948 . _:b663520949 . _:b665805886 . _:b663520946 . _:b663914228 . _:b663520947 . _:b663520944 . _:b663520945 . _:b665805887 . _:b663913009 _:b663913008 . _:b663520942 . _:b663520943 . _:b665860716 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b663520940 . _:b663520941 . _:b665805880 . _:b663520938 . _:b663520939 . _:b666209610 . _:b663914429 . _:b663520936 . _:b663520937 . _:b665805881 . _:b663520934 . _:b663520935 . _:b663520932 . _:b663520933 . _:b665805882 . _:b663520930 . _:b663914224 . _:b663520931 . _:b666209620 . _:b663520928 . _:b663520929 . _:b665805883 . _:b663520926 . _:b663914225 . _:b663520927 . _:b666209621 . _:b663520924 . _:b666209532 "cjm"^^ . _:b663520925 . _:b665805876 . _:b663520922 . _:b663914226 . _:b663520923 . _:b666209622 . _:b663520920 . _:b666208857 _:b666208858 . _:b663520921 . _:b665805877 . _:b663520918 . _:b663914227 . _:b663520919 . _:b663914426 . _:b665798012 "ncithesaurus:Rectum"^^ . _:b663520916 . _:b663520917 . _:b665805878 . _:b663520914 . _:b663914220 . _:b663520915 . _:b666209616 . _:b663520912 . _:b663520913 . _:b665805879 . _:b663520910 . _:b663914221 . _:b663520911 . _:b666209617 . _:b663520908 . _:b663520258 "cjm"^^ . _:b663912975 _:b663912979 . _:b663520909 . _:b665805872 . _:b663520906 . _:b663914222 . _:b663520907 . _:b666209618 . _:b663520904 . _:b663520905 . _:b665862845 . _:b665805873 . _:b663520902 . _:b663914223 . _:b663520903 . _:b666209619 . _:b663912970 _:b663912974 . _:b663520900 . _:b663520901 . _:b665805874 . _:b663520898 . _:b666208855 _:b666208856 . _:b663520899 . _:b663914407 . _:b663520896 . _:b663520287 "cjm"^^ . _:b663520897 . _:b665805875 . _:b663520894 . _:b666238954 . _:b663520895 . _:b663520892 . _:b663912972 _:b663912971 . _:b663515859 . _:b663520893 . _:b663912973 _:b663912972 . _:b663520890 . _:b663520891 . _:b663520888 . _:b663520889 . _:b665861951 "(forall (x t) (if (and (IndependentContinuant x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (Entity y) (specificallyDependsOnAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [018-002] " . _:b663520886 . _:b663520887 . _:b663520884 . _:b663520885 . _:b663520882 . _:b663520883 . _:b665798603 . _:b663520880 . _:b663520881 . _:b663520878 . _:b663912974 _:b663912973 . _:b663520879 . _:b663912983 _:b663912982 . _:b663520876 . _:b663520877 . _:b663515985 "AAO:0000145"^^ . _:b663520874 . _:b663520875 . _:b663520872 . _:b666209523 "cjm"^^ . _:b663520873 . _:b663520870 . _:b663912982 _:b663912981 . _:b663520871 . _:b663520868 . _:b663520869 . _:b663912981 _:b663912980 . _:b663520866 . _:b663520867 . _:b663520864 . _:b663520865 . _:b663520862 . _:b665806438 . _:b666238270 . _:b663520863 . _:b663520860 . _:b663520861 . _:b663520858 . _:b663912978 _:b663912977 . _:b663520859 . _:b663912979 _:b663912978 . _:b663520856 . _:b663520857 . _:b663520854 . _:b663520855 . _:b663520852 . _:b663520853 . _:b663520850 . _:b663520851 . _:b663520848 . _:b663520849 . _:b663912977 _:b663912976 . _:b663520846 . _:b663520847 . _:b663520844 . _:b663912988 _:b663912987 . _:b663520845 . _:b663520842 . _:b663520843 . _:b663520840 . _:b663520841 . _:b663520838 . _:b663520839 . _:b663912991 _:b663912990 . _:b663520836 . _:b663520837 . _:b663520834 . _:b663520835 . _:b663520832 . _:b663520989 . _:b663520833 . _:b663520830 . _:b663912990 _:b663912989 . _:b663520831 . _:b663520828 . _:b663520829 . _:b663520826 . _:b665861306 . _:b663520827 . _:b663520824 . _:b663520297 "cjm"^^ . _:b663520991 . _:b663912985 _:b663912984 . _:b663520825 . _:b663520822 . _:b663520823 . _:b665798650 . _:b663520820 . _:b663520821 . _:b663520818 . _:b665861915 . _:b663912986 _:b663912985 . _:b663520819 . _:b663520816 . _:b663520817 . _:b663520814 . _:b663520815 . _:b663520812 . _:b663520813 . _:b663520810 . _:b663520811 . _:b663520808 . _:b663520809 . _:b663520806 . _:b665861910 . _:b663520807 . _:b663520804 . _:b663520996 . _:b663520805 . _:b663520802 . _:b663520803 . _:b663520800 . _:b663520997 . _:b663913345 _:b663913344 . _:b663520801 . _:b663520798 . _:b663520799 . _:b663520137 . _:b663520796 . _:b663520998 . _:b663520797 . _:b663913509 . _:b665861905 . _:b663520794 . _:b665806409 . _:b663520795 . _:b663520792 . _:b663913358 _:b663913361 . _:b663520999 . _:b663520793 . _:b663520790 . _:b663520791 . _:b666238491 . _:b663520788 . _:b663913354 _:b663913357 . _:b663520992 . _:b663520789 . _:b663520786 . _:b663520787 . _:b663520784 . _:b663520993 . _:b663520785 . _:b663520782 . _:b665861900 . _:b663520783 . _:b663520780 . _:b663520994 . _:b663520781 . _:b663520778 . _:b663520779 . _:b663520776 . _:b663520995 . _:b663520777 . _:b663520774 . _:b663520775 . _:b663520772 . _:b663520316 "cjm"^^ . _:b663520773 . _:b663520770 . _:b663520771 . _:b663913999 "Every spatiotemporal region s is such that s occupies_spatiotemporal_region s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [107-002])"@en . _:b663520768 . _:b663914049 "(forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [103-001] " . _:b663520769 . _:b663913374 _:b663913375 . _:b663913357 _:b663913356 . _:b663520225 . _:b666238413 . _:b663521000 . _:b663521001 . _:b663913356 _:b663913355 . _:b665798628 . _:b663913369 _:b663913373 . _:b663914176 . _:b663913360 _:b663913359 . _:b663914177 . _:b663914178 . _:b663520719 "All continuant parts of spatial regions are spatial regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [036-001])"@en . _:b663914179 . _:b663913349 _:b663913350 . _:b663914300 . _:b663520307 "cjm"^^ . _:b663913361 _:b663913360 . _:b663914301 . _:b663913373 _:b663913372 . _:b663914302 . _:b665806429 . _:b663914303 . _:b663913373 _:b663913370 . _:b663519963 "(forall (x) (if (Occurrent x) (exists (r) (and (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x r))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [108-001] " . _:b663914297 . _:b663913372 _:b663913371 . _:b663914298 . _:b663914299 . _:b665805688 "mid-intestine"^^ . _:b665806419 . _:b663913387 _:b663913386 . _:b663521192 . _:b663521193 . _:b663521190 . _:b663521191 . _:b663521188 . _:b663521189 . _:b663521186 . _:b663913380 _:b663913383 . _:b663521187 . _:b663521184 . . _:b663521185 . _:b663521182 . _:b663521183 . _:b665862142 "BTO:0000706"^^ . . _:b663521180 . _:b663913388 _:b663913387 . _:b663521181 . _:b663521178 . _:b663521179 . _:b663521176 . _:b663521177 . _:b663521174 . _:b663521175 . _:b663521172 . _:b663521173 . _:b663521170 . _:b663521171 . _:b666238522 . _:b663521168 . _:b663521169 . _:b663521166 . _:b663521167 . _:b663521164 . _:b663521165 . _:b663521162 . _:b663521163 . _:b663521160 . _:b663521161 . _:b663521158 . _:b665806380 . _:b663914235 . _:b663521159 . _:b663521156 . _:b663521157 . _:b663521154 . _:b663521155 . _:b663521152 . _:b663913396 _:b663913397 . _:b663521153 . _:b663521150 . _:b663521151 . _:b663913383 _:b663913382 . _:b663521148 . _:b663521149 . _:b663913391 _:b663913394 . _:b663521146 . _:b663521147 . _:b663913385 _:b663913388 . _:b663521144 . _:b663913420 . _:b663521145 . _:b663521142 . _:b663521143 . _:b663521140 . _:b663913382 _:b663913381 . _:b663913421 . _:b663521141 . _:b663521138 . _:b663521139 . _:b663521136 . _:b663913422 . _:b663521137 . _:b663521134 . _:b665798594 "url:http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf" . _:b663521135 . _:b663521132 . _:b663913384 _:b663913385 . _:b663913423 . _:b663521133 . _:b663521130 . _:b663521131 . . _:b663521128 . _:b663913416 . _:b663521129 . _:b663521126 . _:b663913395 _:b663913399 . _:b665806149 "b is a site means: b is a three-dimensional immaterial entity that is (partially or wholly) bounded by a material entity or it is a three-dimensional immaterial part thereof. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [034-002])"@en . _:b666238519 . _:b666209398 "(iff (GenericallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (exists (b t) (genericallyDependsOnAt a b t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [074-001] " . . _:b663521127 . _:b663521124 . _:b663913417 . _:b663521125 . _:b663521122 . _:b663914272 . _:b663521123 . _:b663521120 . _:b663913418 . _:b663521121 . _:b663521118 . _:b663914273 . _:b663521119 . _:b663521116 . _:b666208992 . _:b663913419 . _:b663521117 . _:b663521114 . _:b663914274 . _:b663521115 . _:b665862193 . _:b663521112 . _:b663913402 _:b663913401 . _:b663913412 . _:b665862710 "(forall (x) (if (TemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [100-001] " . _:b665861477 "intestinum rectum"^^ . _:b663521113 . _:b663521110 . _:b663914275 . _:b663521111 . _:b665862829 . _:b663521108 . . _:b663913413 . _:b663521109 . _:b663521106 . _:b663914268 . _:b663521107 . _:b663913403 _:b663913402 . _:b663521104 . _:b666209021 . _:b663913414 . _:b663521105 . _:b663521102 . _:b663914269 . _:b663521103 . _:b663913399 _:b663913398 . _:b663913379 _:b663913380 . _:b663521100 . _:b665798761 "EHDAA2"^^ . _:b663913415 . _:b663521101 . _:b663521098 . _:b663521099 . _:b663521096 . _:b663913408 . _:b663521097 . _:b663521094 . _:b663913400 _:b663913403 . _:b663914271 . _:b663521095 . _:b666238556 . _:b663913398 _:b663913396 . _:b663521092 . _:b663913409 . _:b663521093 . _:b663521090 . _:b663914264 . _:b663521091 . _:b663521088 . _:b663913410 . _:b663521089 . _:b663521086 . _:b663914265 . _:b663521087 . _:b663913393 _:b663913392 . _:b663521084 . _:b663913411 . _:b663521085 . _:b663521082 . _:b665797999 "The few structural specializations in (adult lampreys) pharynx include complex valves on the external gill openings that direct the tidal flow, and the division of the ancestral pharynx into an oesophagus and a respiratory pharynx.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663913394 _:b663913393 . _:b663521083 . _:b663521080 . _:b663913436 . _:b663521081 . _:b663521078 . _:b663521079 . _:b663521076 . _:b663913437 . _:b663521077 . _:b663521074 . _:b663913344 _:b663913343 . _:b663914260 . _:b663521075 . _:b663521072 . _:b666238852 "All continuant parts of spatial regions are spatial regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [036-001])"@en . _:b663913438 . _:b663521073 . _:b663521070 . _:b665861975 "(forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [095-001] " . _:b663914261 . _:b663521071 . _:b663521068 . _:b663913439 . _:b663521069 . _:b663521066 . _:b663914262 . _:b663521067 . _:b663521064 . _:b663913432 . _:b663521065 . _:b663521062 . _:b663914263 . _:b663521063 . _:b663521060 . _:b663913433 . _:b663521061 . _:b663521058 . _:b663913434 _:b663913439 . _:b663914256 . _:b663521059 . _:b663521056 . . _:b663913434 . _:b663521057 . _:b663521054 . _:b663914257 . . _:b663521055 . . _:b663521052 . . _:b663913435 . _:b665798618 . . _:b663521053 . _:b663521050 . _:b663914258 . _:b663521051 . . _:b663521048 . . _:b663913428 . _:b663521049 . _:b663521046 . _:b663914259 . _:b663521047 . . _:b663521044 . _:b663913429 . _:b663521045 . _:b663521042 . _:b663521043 . _:b663521040 . _:b663913430 . _:b663521041 . _:b663521038 . _:b665861300 . _:b663914253 . _:b663521039 . _:b663521036 . _:b663913431 . _:b663521037 . _:b663521034 . _:b663521035 . _:b663521032 . . _:b663913424 . _:b663521033 . _:b663521030 . _:b663913438 _:b663913435 . _:b663914255 . _:b663521031 . _:b663913439 _:b663913438 . _:b663521028 . _:b663913425 . _:b663521029 . _:b663521026 . _:b663914248 . _:b663521027 . _:b663913437 _:b663913436 . _:b663521024 . _:b663913426 . _:b663521025 . _:b663520510 . _:b663913438 _:b663913437 . _:b663914249 . _:b663520511 . _:b663520508 . _:b663913427 . _:b663520509 . _:b663520506 . _:b663914250 . _:b663520507 . _:b663520504 . _:b663913452 . _:b666208868 "UMLS:C0007531"^^ . _:b663914060 "(iff (OneDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [032-001] " . _:b663520505 . _:b663520502 . _:b663914251 . _:b663520503 . _:b663520500 . _:b663913453 . _:b663520501 . _:b663520498 . _:b663914244 . _:b663520499 . _:b663520496 . . _:b663913454 . _:b663520497 . _:b663520494 . _:b663520495 . _:b663520492 . _:b663913455 . _:b663914252 . _:b663520493 . _:b663520490 . _:b663914246 . _:b663520491 . _:b665806334 . _:b663913411 _:b663913410 . _:b663520488 . _:b663913448 . _:b663520489 . _:b663520486 . _:b663520487 . _:b663520484 . _:b663913449 . _:b663914254 . _:b663520485 . _:b663520482 . _:b663520483 . _:b663520480 . _:b663520157 . _:b663913410 _:b663913409 . _:b663913450 . _:b663520481 . _:b663520478 . _:b663520479 . _:b663520476 . _:b663913451 . _:b663520477 . _:b663520474 . _:b663520475 . _:b663520472 . _:b663913444 . _:b663520473 . _:b663520470 . _:b663914243 . _:b663520471 . _:b663520468 . _:b663913445 . _:b663520469 . _:b663520466 . _:b663520467 . _:b663520464 . _:b665861638 . _:b663913446 . _:b663520465 . _:b663520462 . _:b663520463 . _:b663914295 . . _:b663520460 . _:b665861639 . _:b663913447 . . _:b663520461 . _:b663520458 . _:b663520459 . _:b663520456 . _:b663913440 . _:b663520457 . _:b663520454 . _:b663520455 . _:b663520452 . _:b663913441 . _:b663520453 . _:b663520450 . _:b663520451 . _:b663520448 . _:b663913442 . _:b663520449 . _:b663520446 . _:b663520447 . _:b663520444 . _:b663913443 . _:b663520445 . _:b663520442 . _:b663914291 . _:b663520443 . _:b663520440 . _:b663913468 . _:b663520441 . _:b663520438 . _:b663520439 . _:b663520436 . _:b663913469 . _:b663520437 . _:b663520434 . _:b665806355 . _:b663520435 . _:b663520432 . _:b663913470 . _:b663520433 . _:b663520430 . _:b663914288 . _:b663913408 _:b663913411 . _:b663520431 . _:b663520428 . _:b663913471 . _:b663520429 . _:b663520426 . _:b663520427 . _:b663520424 . _:b663913464 . _:b663520425 . _:b663520422 . _:b663520423 . _:b663520420 . _:b666209805 . _:b663913465 . _:b663520421 . _:b663520418 . _:b663520419 . _:b663520416 . _:b666209806 . _:b663516512 "a quality is a specifically dependent continuant that, in contrast to roles and dispositions, does not require any further process in order to be realized. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [055-001])"@en . _:b663913466 . _:b663520417 . _:b663520414 . _:b663520415 . _:b666238565 . _:b663520412 . _:b665798090 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663913467 . _:b663520413 . _:b663520410 . _:b663913464 _:b663913463 . _:b663520411 . _:b663520408 . _:b663913460 . _:b663914281 . _:b663913465 _:b663913464 . _:b663516182 . _:b663520409 . _:b663520406 . _:b663520407 . _:b663520404 . _:b663913461 . _:b665860800 "ncithesaurus:Jejunum"^^ . _:b663520405 . _:b663520402 . _:b665798064 "intestinum tenue"^^ . _:b663520403 . _:b663914296 . _:b665806170 "(iff (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ImmaterialEntity a) (exists (b) (and (or (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b)) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))) (not (exists (c t) (and (SpatialRegion c) (continuantPartOfAt c a t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [029-001] " . _:b663520400 . _:b663913462 _:b663913465 . _:b663913462 . _:b663520401 . _:b663520398 . _:b665798065 "intestinum tenue"^^ . _:b663520399 . _:b663520396 . _:b663913463 . _:b665862832 . _:b663520397 . _:b663520394 . _:b663520395 . _:b663520392 . _:b663913456 . _:b663520393 . _:b663520390 . _:b663520391 . _:b663520388 . _:b663913457 . _:b663520389 . _:b663520386 . _:b666208605 "(forall (x) (if (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [039-001] " . _:b663914279 . _:b663520387 . _:b663520384 . _:b663913458 . _:b663516191 . _:b663520385 . _:b663520382 . _:b663520383 . _:b663913457 _:b663913456 . _:b663520380 . _:b663516565 "a zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a fiat point whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [031-001])"@en . _:b663520381 . _:b663913459 . _:b663520378 . _:b663913458 _:b663913457 . _:b663520379 . _:b663520376 . . _:b663913356 . _:b663520377 . _:b663520374 . . _:b663520375 . . _:b663520372 . . _:b663913357 . . _:b663520373 . _:b663520370 . . _:b663520371 . . _:b663520368 . _:b665798081 "2012-09-17"^^ . . _:b663913358 . . _:b663520369 . _:b663520366 . _:b663520367 . _:b663520975 "UMLS:C0014876"^^ . _:b663913445 _:b663913449 . . _:b663520364 . _:b663913359 . . _:b663520365 . _:b663520362 . _:b663913448 _:b663913447 . _:b663520363 . _:b663520360 . _:b663913352 . _:b663913449 _:b663913448 . _:b663913449 _:b663913446 . _:b663520361 . _:b663520358 . _:b663520359 . _:b663520356 . _:b663516530 "A three-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of three dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [040-001])"@en . _:b663913353 . _:b663520357 . _:b663520354 . _:b663520355 . _:b665861319 . _:b663520352 . _:b663913354 . _:b663520353 . _:b663520350 . _:b663520351 . _:b663520348 . _:b663913355 . _:b663520349 . _:b663520346 . _:b663520347 . _:b663520344 . _:b663913348 . _:b663520345 . _:b663520342 . _:b663520343 . _:b663913440 _:b663913444 . _:b663520340 . _:b665798745 "VHOG:0000450"^^ . _:b663913349 . _:b663520341 . _:b663520338 . _:b663914332 . _:b663520339 . _:b663520336 . _:b663913350 . _:b663520337 . _:b663520334 . _:b663914282 . _:b663914333 . _:b663520335 . _:b663520332 . _:b663913351 . _:b663520333 . _:b663520330 . _:b663520331 . _:b663913406 . _:b663520328 . _:b663913344 . _:b663520329 . _:b663520326 . _:b663520327 . _:b663520324 . _:b663913345 . _:b663913443 _:b663913442 . _:b663520325 . _:b663520322 . _:b663914328 . _:b663520323 . _:b663520320 . _:b663913346 . _:b663520321 . _:b663520318 . _:b665862842 . _:b665861664 . _:b663914329 . _:b663520319 . _:b663520316 . _:b663913347 . _:b663913455 _:b663913458 . _:b663520317 . _:b663520314 . _:b663914330 . _:b663520315 . _:b663520312 . _:b663913444 _:b663913441 . _:b663913372 . _:b663914253 "EHDAA2"^^ . _:b663520313 . _:b663520310 . _:b663914331 . _:b663520311 . _:b663520308 . _:b663913444 _:b663913443 . _:b663913373 . _:b663520309 . _:b663520306 . _:b663520307 . _:b663520304 . _:b663913374 . _:b663520305 . _:b663520302 . . _:b663520303 . . _:b663520300 . _:b663914176 . . _:b663913375 . . _:b663520301 . _:b663520298 . _:b663914326 . . _:b663520299 . . _:b663520296 . _:b665798071 "2012-09-17"^^ . . _:b663913368 . . _:b663520297 . _:b663520294 . _:b663914327 . _:b663520295 . _:b663520292 . _:b663913369 . _:b663914108 "1"^^ . _:b663520293 . _:b663520290 . _:b663914320 . _:b663520291 . _:b663520288 . _:b663913370 . _:b663914109 "1"^^ . _:b663520289 . _:b663520286 . _:b663914321 . _:b663520287 . _:b666238319 . _:b665862942 "VHOG:0000408"^^ . _:b663520284 . _:b663913371 . _:b663520285 . _:b663520282 . _:b663914322 . _:b663520283 . _:b663520280 . _:b663913364 . _:b663520281 . _:b663520278 . _:b663914323 . _:b663520279 . _:b663520276 . _:b663913365 . _:b663520277 . _:b663520274 . _:b663520275 . _:b663520272 . _:b663913366 . _:b663520273 . _:b663520270 . _:b663914317 . _:b663520271 . _:b663520268 . _:b665798062 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663913367 . _:b663520269 . _:b663520266 . _:b663914318 . _:b663520267 . _:b663520264 . _:b663913360 . _:b663520265 . _:b663520262 . _:b663914319 . _:b663520263 . _:b663520260 . _:b663913361 . _:b663520261 . _:b663520258 . _:b663914312 . _:b663520259 . _:b663520256 . _:b663913362 . _:b663520257 . _:b663520766 . _:b663914313 . _:b663520767 . _:b663520764 . _:b663913363 . _:b663520765 . _:b663520762 . _:b663914314 . _:b663520763 . _:b663520760 . _:b663913388 . _:b663520761 . _:b663520758 . _:b663520759 . _:b663520756 . _:b663913389 . _:b663520757 . _:b663520754 . _:b663914308 . _:b663520755 . _:b663520752 . _:b663913390 . _:b663520753 . _:b663520750 . _:b663914309 . _:b663520751 . _:b663520748 . _:b663520238 . _:b663913391 . _:b663520749 . _:b663520746 . _:b663914310 . _:b663520747 . _:b666238304 . _:b663520744 . _:b663913384 . _:b663520745 . _:b663520742 . _:b663914311 . _:b663520743 . _:b663520740 . _:b663913385 . _:b663520741 . _:b663520738 . _:b663520739 . _:b663520736 . _:b663913386 . _:b663520737 . _:b663516471 "For any independent continuant b and any time t there is some spatial region r such that b is located_in r at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [134-001])"@en . _:b663520734 . _:b663520735 . _:b663520736 "(forall (r) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [107-002] " . _:b663520732 . _:b663913387 . _:b663520733 . _:b663520730 . _:b663520731 . _:b663520728 . _:b663913380 . _:b663516730 "Tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach. In mammals, the oesophagus connects the buccal cavity with the stomach. The stratified squamous non-keratinised epithelium lining the buccal cavity is continued through the pharynx down into the oesophagus. The lowest part of the oesophagus (ca. 2 cm) is lined with gastric mucosa and covered by peritoneum. The main body of the oesophagus is lined with small, simple mucous glands. Each gland opens into the lumen by a long duct which pierces the muscularis mucosae (Wilson and Washington, 1989). A sphincter is situated at the point where the oesophagus enters the stomach to prevent gastro-oesophageal reflux, i.e. to prevent acidic gastric contents from reaching stratified epithelia of the oesophagus, where they can cause inflammation and irritation (Wilson and Washington, 1989; Brown et al., 1993)."^^ . _:b663520729 . _:b663520726 . _:b663914307 . _:b663520727 . _:b663520724 . _:b663913381 . _:b663520725 . _:b663520722 . _:b663520723 . _:b663520720 . _:b663913382 . _:b663520721 . _:b663520718 . _:b663520719 . _:b663520716 . _:b663913383 . _:b663520717 . _:b663520714 . _:b665861233 . _:b663520715 . _:b663520712 . _:b663913376 . _:b663520713 . _:b663520710 . _:b663520711 . _:b663520708 . _:b663913377 . _:b663520709 . _:b663520706 . _:b665861235 . _:b663520707 . _:b663520704 . _:b663913378 . _:b663520705 . _:b663520702 . _:b665861234 . _:b663520703 . _:b663520700 . _:b663913379 . _:b665862410 . _:b663520701 . _:b663520698 . _:b663520699 . _:b663520696 . _:b663913404 . _:b663520697 . _:b663520694 . _:b665861236 . _:b663520695 . _:b663520692 . _:b663913405 . _:b663520693 . _:b663520690 . _:b663520691 . _:b663520688 . _:b663913406 . _:b663520689 . _:b663520686 . _:b663520687 . _:b663520684 . _:b663913407 . _:b663520685 . _:b663520682 . _:b663914422 . _:b663520683 . _:b663520680 . _:b663913400 . _:b663520681 . _:b663520678 . _:b663914423 . _:b663520679 . _:b665806282 "BTO:0000706"^^ . _:b663520676 . _:b665798036 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663913401 . _:b663520677 . _:b663520674 . _:b663520675 . _:b663520672 . _:b663913402 . _:b663520673 . _:b663520670 . _:b665860614 . _:b663520671 . _:b663520668 . _:b663913403 . _:b663520669 . _:b663520666 . _:b663520667 . _:b663520664 . _:b663913396 . _:b663520665 . _:b663914256 "WP"^^ . _:b663520662 . _:b663520663 . _:b663520660 . _:b663913397 . _:b663520661 . _:b663520658 . _:b665860630 . _:b663520659 . _:b663520656 . _:b663913398 . _:b663520657 . _:b663520654 . _:b663520655 . _:b663520652 . _:b663913399 . _:b663520653 . _:b663520650 . _:b663520300 "In fish, the divisions of the small intestine are not as clear, and the terms anterior intestine or proximal intestine may be used instead of duodenum."^^ . _:b663520651 . _:b663520648 . _:b663913392 . _:b663520649 . _:b663520646 . _:b663520647 . _:b663520644 . _:b663913393 . _:b663520645 . _:b663520642 . _:b663520643 . _:b663520640 . _:b663913394 . _:b663520641 . _:b663520638 . _:b665862101 . _:b663520639 . _:b663520636 . _:b665797800 "(forall (x) (if (Site x) (ImmaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [034-002] " . _:b663913395 . _:b663520637 . _:b663520634 . _:b663914410 . _:b663520635 . _:b663520632 . _:b663913292 . _:b663520633 . _:b663520630 . _:b663520631 . _:b666209805 . _:b663520628 . _:b663913293 . _:b663520629 . _:b663520626 . _:b665860637 . _:b666209806 . _:b663520627 . _:b663520624 . _:b663913294 . _:b663520625 . _:b663520622 . _:b663914405 . _:b663520623 . _:b663520620 . _:b663913295 . _:b663520621 . _:b663520618 . _:b663520619 . _:b663520616 . _:b663913288 . _:b663520617 . _:b663520614 . _:b663520615 . _:b663520612 . _:b663913289 . _:b663520613 . _:b663520610 . _:b663520611 . _:b663520608 . _:b663913290 . _:b663520609 . _:b663520606 . _:b663520607 . _:b663520604 . _:b663913291 . _:b663520605 . _:b663520602 . _:b663520603 . _:b663520600 . _:b665798011 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663913284 . _:b663520601 . _:b663520598 . _:b663520599 . _:b663520596 . _:b663913285 . _:b663520597 . _:b663520594 . _:b663520595 . _:b663520592 . _:b663913286 . _:b665862130 . _:b663520593 . _:b663520590 . _:b663520591 . _:b663520588 . _:b663913287 . _:b663520589 . _:b663520586 . _:b665863122 . _:b663520587 . _:b663520584 . _:b663913280 . _:b663520585 . _:b663520582 . _:b663520583 . _:b666238900 "An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects " . _:b663520580 . _:b663913281 . _:b663520581 . _:b663520578 . _:b663520579 . _:b663520576 . _:b663913282 . _:b663520577 . _:b663520574 . _:b663520575 . _:b663520572 . _:b663913283 . _:b663520573 . _:b663520570 . _:b665862804 "A disease is a disposition (i) to undergo pathological processes that (ii) exists in an organism because of one or more disorders in that organism." . _:b663520571 . _:b666238899 "An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects " . _:b663520568 . _:b663913308 . _:b663520569 . _:b663520566 . _:b663520567 . _:b663520564 . _:b663913309 . _:b665861361 . _:b663520565 . _:b663520562 . _:b663520563 . _:b663520560 . _:b663913310 . _:b663520561 . _:b663520558 . _:b663520559 . _:b663520556 . _:b663913311 . _:b663520557 . _:b663520554 . _:b663520555 . _:b663520552 . _:b663913304 . _:b663913331 _:b663913334 . _:b663520553 . _:b663520550 . _:b663520551 . _:b663520548 . _:b663913305 . _:b663520549 . _:b665860702 . _:b663520546 . _:b663520547 . _:b663520544 . _:b663913306 . _:b663520545 . _:b663520542 . _:b663520543 . _:b663520540 . _:b666208838 "gaster"^^ . _:b663913307 . _:b663520541 . _:b663520538 . _:b663520539 . _:b663520536 . _:b663913300 . _:b663520537 . _:b663520534 . _:b663520535 . _:b663520532 . _:b666208882 . _:b663913301 . _:b663520533 . _:b663520530 . _:b663520531 . _:b663520528 . _:b663913302 . _:b663520529 . _:b663520526 . _:b663914381 . _:b663520527 . _:b663520524 . _:b663913303 . _:b663520525 . _:b663520522 . _:b663914382 . _:b663520523 . _:b663913333 _:b663913332 . _:b663520520 . _:b665797999 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663913296 . _:b663520521 . _:b663520518 . _:b663913334 _:b663913333 . _:b663914383 . _:b663520519 . _:b663520516 . _:b663913297 . _:b663520517 . _:b663520514 . _:b663520515 . _:b663520512 . _:b663913298 . _:b663520513 . _:b665797986 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663913299 . _:b665798036 "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663913324 . _:b663913325 . _:b663913326 . _:b663913327 . _:b663913320 . _:b663520288 "Subdivision of digestive tract that connects the stomach to the large intestine and is where much of the digestion and absorption of food takes place (with the exception of ruminants). The mammalian small intestine is long and coiled and can be differentiated histologically into: duodenum, jejunem, ileum[WP,cjm,Kardong]."^^ . _:b663913321 . _:b665805442 "url:https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/general/index.html" . _:b663913322 . _:b663913323 . _:b663913964 "(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (continuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [009-002] " . _:b663913316 . _:b665863119 . _:b663913317 . _:b663520706 "An occurrent is an entity that unfolds itself in time or it is the instantaneous boundary of such an entity (for example a beginning or an ending) or it is a temporal or spatiotemporal region which such an entity occupies_temporal_region or occupies_spatiotemporal_region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [077-002])"@en . _:b666238983 . _:b663913318 . _:b663913319 . _:b663913312 . _:b663913313 . _:b666209372 "A zero-dimensional spatial region is a point in space. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [037-001])"@en . _:b665862171 . _:b663913314 . _:b663913315 . _:b666208859 . _:b663913340 . _:b663913341 . _:b663913342 . _:b663913343 . _:b663913336 . _:b663913337 . _:b663913518 "intestinum caecum"^^ . _:b663913338 . _:b663913339 . _:b665861169 . _:b665863047 "ncithesaurus:Ileum"^^ . _:b663913332 . _:b663913333 . _:b663913334 . _:b665861164 . _:b663519999 "(forall (x t) (if (and (RealizableEntity x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (specificallyDepends x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [063-002] " . _:b663913335 . _:b665860708 . _:b663913328 . . _:b663913329 . _:b663914255 . _:b663913330 . . . _:b663913331 . _:b665806540 . . . _:b663913228 . _:b665806541 . _:b663913229 . _:b665806542 . _:b663913230 . _:b665861260 "(forall (x) (if (ObjectAggregate x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y z) (and (Object y) (Object z) (memberPartOfAt y x t) (memberPartOfAt z x t) (not (= y z)))))) (not (exists (w t_1) (and (memberPartOfAt w x t_1) (not (Object w)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [025-004] " . _:b665806543 . _:b663913231 . _:b665806536 . . _:b663913342 _:b663913345 . _:b663913224 . _:b665806537 . . _:b663913225 . _:b665806538 . . _:b665861159 . _:b666208868 . _:b663913226 . _:b665806539 . . . . _:b666208869 . _:b663913227 . _:b665806532 . _:b666208870 . _:b663913220 . _:b665806533 . _:b665861154 . _:b666208871 . _:b663913221 . _:b665806534 . _:b666208864 . . _:b663913222 . _:b665806535 . . _:b663913223 . _:b665806528 . . _:b665805375 "(forall (x t) (if (and (RealizableEntity x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (specificallyDepends x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [063-002] " . _:b666208866 . . _:b663913216 . _:b665806529 . . . _:b666208867 . _:b666209674 "cjm"^^ . _:b663913217 . _:b665806530 . . _:b666208876 . _:b663913218 . _:b665806531 . _:b663913523 _:b663913524 . _:b663913219 . _:b665806556 . . _:b663913244 . _:b665806557 . _:b665798780 "The last portion of the digestive system, it extracts water and salt from solid wastes before they are eliminated from the body.[AAO]"^^ . _:b663913245 . _:b665806558 . _:b666208872 . _:b663913246 . _:b665806559 . _:b663516524 "(forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [038-001] " . _:b666208873 . _:b666209664 "cjm"^^ . _:b663913247 . _:b665806552 . _:b666208874 . _:b663913240 . _:b665806553 . _:b663913244 "(forall (r) (if (TemporalRegion r) (occupiesTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [119-002] " . _:b666208875 . _:b665797940 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663913241 . _:b665806554 . _:b663914448 . _:b663913242 . _:b665806555 . _:b663914449 . _:b665797930 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663913243 . _:b665806548 . _:b663914084 . . _:b665862967 "The terminal portion of the large intestine between the ileo-pelvic colon and the anus. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663913236 . _:b665806549 . . _:b665798522 "(forall (x) (if (RealizableEntity x) (and (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (inheresIn x y)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [058-002] " . _:b663913237 . _:b663516521 "b is a fiat object part = Def. b is a material entity which is such that for all times t, if b exists at t then there is some object c such that b proper continuant_part of c at t and c is demarcated from the remainder of c by a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [027-004])"@en . _:b665806550 . _:b663913238 . _:b665806551 . _:b663913507 _:b663913508 . _:b663913239 . _:b665861216 "(forall (r) (if (TemporalRegion r) (occupiesTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [119-002] " . _:b665806544 . _:b663914431 . _:b665806381 . _:b663913232 . _:b665806545 . _:b663913657 . _:b665806380 . _:b665805358 "(forall (x) (if (TemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [100-001] " . _:b663913233 . _:b665806546 . . _:b663913234 . _:b665806547 . _:b663521056 "ncithesaurus:Jejunum"^^ . _:b665797772 "(forall (x) (if (Disposition x) (and (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (bearerOfAt x y t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [062-002] " . _:b663913235 . . _:b663913260 . . . _:b663515750 "(forall (x t) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (SpatialRegion y) (spatiallyProjectsOntoAt x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [099-001] " . _:b663913261 . _:b665862069 . _:b663913262 . . . _:b663913263 . _:b665806568 . . . _:b666209683 "cjm"^^ . _:b663913256 . _:b665806569 . . . . . _:b663913257 . . _:b663913258 . _:b663516734 "UMLS:C0014876"^^ . . . _:b663913259 . _:b665862809 . _:b665806564 . . _:b663913252 . _:b665806565 . _:b663913253 . _:b665806566 . . _:b663913254 . _:b665806567 . . . . _:b665862243 "Last portion of the large intestine before it becomes the rectum."^^ . _:b663913255 . _:b665806560 . . _:b663913500 _:b663913501 . _:b665806365 . _:b663913248 . _:b665806561 . _:b663913249 . _:b665806562 . _:b663913250 . _:b665806563 . _:b663913251 . _:b665861470 . _:b663913276 . _:b665862046 . _:b663913277 . _:b663913498 _:b663913499 . _:b665806355 . _:b663913278 . _:b665862798 . _:b665861469 . _:b663913279 . _:b665798527 "(forall (x) (if (Quality x) (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [055-001] " . _:b663913272 . _:b663913236 "A spatial region is a continuant entity that is a continuant_part_of spaceR as defined relative to some frame R. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [035-001])"@en . _:b665806356 . _:b663913273 . _:b665798090 "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663913274 . _:b665806358 . _:b663913275 . _:b663913268 . _:b665805603 "DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1996.tb01658.x Mallatt J, Ventilation and the origin of jawed vertebrates: a new mouth. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (1996)"^^ . _:b663913269 . _:b665805337 "Every occurrent occupies_spatiotemporal_region some spatiotemporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [108-001])"@en . _:b663913270 . _:b663913271 . _:b663913264 . _:b663913265 . _:b665806440 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663520014 "b is a role means: b is a realizable entity & b exists because there is some single bearer that is in some special physical, social, or institutional set of circumstances in which this bearer does not have to be& b is not such that, if it ceases to exist, then the physical make-up of the bearer is thereby changed. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [061-001])"@en . _:b663913266 . _:b663913527 "TAO"^^ . _:b665805403 "b is a site means: b is a three-dimensional immaterial entity that is (partially or wholly) bounded by a material entity or it is a three-dimensional immaterial part thereof. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [034-002])"@en . _:b663913267 . _:b665806476 . _:b663913164 . _:b665806477 . _:b663913165 . _:b665806478 . _:b663913166 . _:b665806479 . _:b663913167 . _:b666208655 . _:b665806472 . _:b665861474 . _:b666208570 . _:b663913160 . _:b665806473 . _:b665861475 . _:b663913161 . _:b665806474 . _:b663913558 . _:b665861472 . _:b666239177 . _:b666208568 . _:b663913162 . _:b665806475 . _:b663913559 . _:b663913163 . _:b665806468 . _:b663913156 . _:b665806469 . _:b666208569 . _:b663913157 . _:b665806470 . _:b665860561 . _:b665861476 . _:b666208646 . _:b663913158 . _:b665806471 . _:b665861477 . _:b666208571 . _:b666208647 . _:b663913159 . _:b665806464 . _:b663913560 . _:b663913152 . _:b665862006 "(forall (x) (if (ObjectAggregate x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y z) (and (Object y) (Object z) (memberPartOfAt y x t) (memberPartOfAt z x t) (not (= y z)))))) (not (exists (w t_1) (and (memberPartOfAt w x t_1) (not (Object w)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [025-004] " . _:b665806465 . _:b663913153 . _:b665806466 . _:b663913154 . _:b665806467 . _:b663913155 . _:b665806492 . _:b663913180 . _:b665806493 . _:b663913181 . _:b665806494 . _:b663913182 . _:b665805347 "Spatial region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the union of a spatial point and a spatial line that doesn't overlap the point, or two spatial lines that intersect at a single point. In both cases the resultant spatial region is neither 0-dimensional, 1-dimensional, 2-dimensional, or 3-dimensional."@en . _:b665806495 . _:b666209600 "cjm"^^ . _:b663913183 . _:b665806488 . _:b663913176 . _:b666208656 . _:b665797929 "A subdivision of the digestive tract that connects the small intestine to the cloaca or anus. Lacks or has few villi[Kardong]."^^ . _:b665806489 . _:b663913177 . _:b666208657 . _:b665806490 . _:b663913178 . _:b666208658 . _:b665806491 . _:b663913602 . _:b666208659 . _:b663913616 . _:b663913179 . _:b665806484 . _:b666208660 . _:b663913172 . _:b665806485 . _:b663913173 . _:b665806486 . _:b665862270 "Subdivision of digestive tract that connects the stomach to the large intestine and is where much of the digestion and absorption of food takes place (with the exception of ruminants). The mammalian small intestine is long and coiled and can be differentiated histologically into: duodenum, jejunem, ileum[WP,cjm,Kardong]."^^ . _:b666209625 "cjm"^^ . _:b663913174 . _:b665806487 . _:b663913175 . _:b665806480 . _:b663913607 . _:b663913168 . _:b665806481 . _:b666209654 "2"^^ . _:b663913169 . _:b665806482 . _:b663913170 . _:b665806483 . _:b663913171 . _:b665806508 . _:b663913196 . _:b665806509 . _:b663913197 . _:b665806412 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665806510 . _:b665798088 "3"^^ . _:b663913198 . _:b665806511 . _:b663913199 . _:b665806504 . _:b663913192 . _:b665806505 . _:b663913193 . _:b665862763 "Every process boundary occupies_temporal_region a zero-dimensional temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [085-002])"@en . _:b665806506 . _:b663913194 . _:b665806507 . _:b665806438 . _:b663913195 . _:b665806500 . _:b666208679 . _:b663913188 . _:b665806159 "(iff (ProcessBoundary a) (exists (p) (and (Process p) (temporalPartOf a p) (not (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [084-001] " . _:b665806501 . _:b663913620 . _:b665862811 . _:b666208678 . _:b666208846 . _:b663913189 . _:b665806502 . _:b663913190 . _:b665861205 "(forall (x t) (if (and (IndependentContinuant x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (Entity y) (specificallyDependsOnAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [018-002] " . _:b665806503 . . . _:b663913191 . _:b665806496 . . _:b665806429 . _:b663913184 . _:b665806497 . _:b663913185 . _:b665806498 . _:b666239180 "In humans, the duodenum is a hollow jointed tube about 10-15 inches (25-38 centimetres) long connecting the stomach to the jejunum. It begins with the duodenal bulb and ends at the ligament of Treitz."^^ . _:b663913186 . _:b665806499 . _:b663913187 . _:b665806524 . _:b663913212 . _:b665806431 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665806525 . _:b663913213 . _:b665862064 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_gastrointestinal_tract" . _:b665806526 . _:b663913570 . _:b665806419 . _:b665862939 . _:b663913214 . _:b665806527 . _:b663913215 . _:b665806520 . _:b663913208 . _:b665806521 . _:b663913569 . _:b663913209 . _:b665806522 . _:b663913210 . _:b665806523 . _:b663913211 . _:b665806516 . _:b665806409 . _:b663913204 . _:b665806517 . _:b663913205 . _:b665806518 . _:b663913578 . _:b665806082 "An occurrent is an entity that unfolds itself in time or it is the instantaneous boundary of such an entity (for example a beginning or an ending) or it is a temporal or spatiotemporal region which such an entity occupies_temporal_region or occupies_spatiotemporal_region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [077-002])"@en . _:b663913206 . _:b665806421 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665806519 . _:b663913579 . _:b663913207 . _:b665806512 . _:b665806291 "ncithesaurus:Intestine"^^ . _:b666208628 . _:b663913200 . _:b665806513 . _:b663913201 . _:b665806514 . _:b663913202 . _:b665806515 . _:b665798808 . _:b663913203 . _:b665806412 . _:b663913100 . _:b665806413 . _:b663914348 . _:b666209654 "cjm"^^ . _:b663913101 . _:b665806414 . _:b666208626 . _:b663913102 . _:b665806415 . _:b663913103 . _:b665806408 . _:b663515766 "a quality is a specifically dependent continuant that, in contrast to roles and dispositions, does not require any further process in order to be realized. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [055-001])"@en . _:b663913096 . _:b665806409 . _:b665798069 "3"^^ . _:b666208637 . _:b663913097 . _:b665806410 . _:b663914353 . _:b665798817 . _:b663913098 . _:b665806411 . _:b666208633 . _:b666208639 . _:b663913099 . _:b665806404 . _:b665862266 . _:b663913092 . _:b665806405 . _:b663913093 . _:b665806406 . _:b663913094 . _:b665806407 . _:b665862248 . _:b666208635 . _:b666208778 . _:b663913095 . _:b665806400 . _:b665806534 . _:b663913088 . _:b665806401 . _:b665797931 "UMLS:C0021851"^^ . _:b663913089 . _:b665806402 . _:b663913090 . _:b665806403 . _:b665798079 "3"^^ . _:b663913091 . _:b665806428 . _:b665798827 . _:b663913116 . _:b665806429 . _:b663913117 . _:b665806430 . _:b663913118 . _:b665806431 . _:b663914366 . _:b665798836 . _:b663913119 . _:b665806386 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665806424 . _:b663913112 . _:b665806425 . _:b665805639 "The posterior intestine has short longitudinally arranged epithelial folds which are similar to the colon of higher vertebrates. Wallace et al, 2005.[TAO]"^^ . _:b663913113 . _:b665806426 . _:b665862249 . _:b666208622 . _:b663913114 . _:b665806427 . _:b663913115 . _:b665806420 . _:b663913108 . _:b665806421 . _:b663914434 . _:b663913109 . _:b665806422 . _:b665806196 "A primary bacterial infectious disease that results_in infection located_in intestine, has_material_basis_in Campylobacter jejuni, which is transmitted_by ingestion of contaminated food or water or transmitted_by contact with infected people or animals. The infection has_symptom diarrhea or has_symptom dysentery, has_symptom abdominal cramps and pain, and has_symptom fever." . _:b666208618 . _:b663913110 . _:b665806423 . _:b665862834 . _:b663913111 . _:b665806416 . _:b663913104 . _:b665806417 . _:b663913553 "TAO"^^ . _:b663913105 . _:b665806418 . _:b665861340 . _:b666208598 . _:b666208592 . _:b665862265 . _:b663913106 . _:b665806419 . _:b663913107 . _:b665806444 . _:b665798030 "3"^^ . _:b663913132 . _:b665806445 . _:b665861396 "BTO:0000706"^^ . _:b666208593 . _:b663913133 . _:b665806446 . _:b663913134 . _:b665806349 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665806447 . _:b666208597 . _:b663913135 . _:b665806440 . _:b666208604 . _:b663913128 . _:b663520857 . _:b665806441 . _:b663913129 . _:b665806336 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665806442 . _:b666208606 . _:b663913130 . _:b665806443 . _:b663913131 . _:b665806436 . _:b666209003 . _:b663913124 . _:b665806437 . _:b663913125 . _:b665806438 . _:b666209577 "cjm"^^ . _:b663913126 . _:b665806439 . _:b665798732 . _:b663913127 . _:b665806432 . _:b666208590 . _:b663913120 . _:b665806433 . _:b666208591 . _:b666208579 . _:b666209578 "cjm"^^ . _:b666208581 . _:b663913121 . _:b665806434 . _:b666208588 . _:b663913122 . _:b665806361 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665806435 . _:b666208589 . _:b663913123 . _:b665806460 . _:b666208586 . _:b663913148 . _:b665806461 . _:b666208587 . _:b663913149 . _:b665862391 . _:b665806462 . _:b666208580 . _:b663913150 . _:b665806463 . _:b663913151 . _:b665806456 . _:b663913144 . _:b665806457 . _:b663913145 . _:b665806458 . _:b663520167 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b663913146 . _:b665806459 . _:b666238154 "An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects " . _:b666239189 "ncithesaurus:Jejunum"^^ . _:b663913147 . _:b665806452 . _:b665861383 . _:b663913140 . _:b665806453 . _:b663913141 . _:b665806454 . _:b666238153 "An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects " . _:b663913142 . _:b665806455 . _:b665862172 . _:b663914054 "(forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt x y t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [021-002] " . _:b663913143 . _:b665806448 . _:b663913136 . _:b665806449 . _:b663913137 . _:b665806450 . _:b665798745 . _:b663913138 . _:b665806451 . _:b663913139 . _:b665806348 . _:b663913036 . _:b666209656 "TAO:0001323"^^ . _:b665806349 . _:b663913037 . _:b665806350 . _:b665798757 . _:b663913038 . _:b665806351 . _:b663913039 . _:b665806344 . _:b665861376 . _:b663913032 . _:b665806345 . _:b663913033 . _:b665806346 . _:b663913034 . _:b665806347 . _:b663913035 . _:b665806492 . _:b665806340 . _:b663520213 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b665862202 . _:b663913028 . _:b665806341 . _:b663913029 . _:b665806342 . _:b663913030 . _:b665806343 . _:b663913031 . _:b665806336 . _:b663913024 . _:b665806337 . _:b663913025 . _:b665806338 . _:b666208678 . _:b663913026 . _:b665806339 . _:b663913027 . _:b665806364 . _:b663913052 . _:b665806365 . _:b666208673 . _:b663913053 . _:b665862189 . _:b665806366 . _:b666208787 "Segment of the alimentary canal extending from the stomach to the anus and, in humans and other mammals, consists of two segments, the small intestine and the large intestine."^^ . _:b665862188 . _:b663913054 . _:b665806367 . _:b663913055 . _:b663520874 . _:b665806360 . _:b663913048 . _:b665862190 . _:b665806361 . _:b665862185 . _:b666208685 . _:b663913049 . _:b665806362 . _:b666208680 . _:b663913050 . _:b665806363 . _:b663913051 . _:b665806356 . _:b665860881 . _:b665862186 . _:b663913044 . _:b665806357 . _:b666208681 . _:b663913045 . _:b665806358 . _:b663913046 . _:b665806359 . _:b665860884 . _:b666208683 . _:b663913047 . _:b665806352 . _:b663913040 . _:b665806353 . _:b665798782 . _:b666208661 . _:b663913041 . _:b665806280 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665806354 . _:b666238866 "Each spatiotemporal region at any time t projects_onto some spatial region at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [099-001])"@en . _:b663913042 . _:b665806355 . _:b665797816 "(forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt x y t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [021-002] " . _:b663913043 . _:b665806380 . _:b663515955 . _:b665862179 . _:b663913068 . _:b665806381 . _:b665862870 . _:b663913069 . _:b665806382 . _:b663913070 . _:b665806383 . _:b666209327 "An occurrent is an entity that unfolds itself in time or it is the instantaneous boundary of such an entity (for example a beginning or an ending) or it is a temporal or spatiotemporal region which such an entity occupies_temporal_region or occupies_spatiotemporal_region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [077-002])"@en . _:b666208659 . _:b663913071 . _:b665806376 . _:b663913064 . _:b665806377 . _:b665862346 . _:b665805664 . _:b663913065 . _:b665862336 . _:b665806378 . _:b665861454 . _:b666208670 . _:b663913066 . _:b665806379 . _:b663913067 . _:b665806372 . _:b665861448 . _:b663913060 . _:b665862339 . _:b665806373 . _:b665805668 . _:b663913061 . _:b665806374 . _:b666208668 . _:b663913062 . _:b665806375 . _:b663913063 . _:b665806368 . _:b666208642 . _:b666208644 . _:b663913056 . _:b665806369 . _:b663913057 . _:b665806370 . _:b666208646 . _:b663913058 . _:b665806371 . _:b666208641 . _:b663913059 . _:b665806396 . _:b663914076 . _:b663913084 . _:b665806397 . _:b663913085 . _:b665806398 . _:b665862357 . _:b663913086 . _:b665806399 . _:b665798676 . _:b663913087 . _:b665806290 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665806392 . _:b665862853 . _:b663913080 . _:b665806393 . _:b666208653 . _:b663913081 . _:b665806394 . _:b663913082 . _:b665806395 . _:b663913083 . _:b665806388 . _:b666208648 . _:b663913076 . _:b665806389 . _:b663520226 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b663913077 . _:b665806390 . _:b665862305 . _:b666208650 . _:b663913078 . _:b665806391 . _:b666239202 "posterior intestine"^^ . _:b665862304 . _:b663913079 . _:b665806384 . _:b663913072 . _:b665806385 . _:b665798686 . _:b665862360 . _:b663913073 . _:b665806386 . _:b663913074 . _:b665806387 . _:b663913075 . _:b663912972 . _:b663520984 "the terminal portion of the intestinal tube, terminating with the anus"^^ . _:b663912973 . _:b665806547 . _:b663912974 . _:b663912975 . _:b665862299 . _:b663912968 . _:b666208618 "b is a disposition means: b is a realizable entity & b\u2019s bearer is some material entity & b is such that if it ceases to exist, then its bearer is physically changed, & b\u2019s realization occurs when and because this bearer is in some special physical circumstances, & this realization occurs in virtue of the bearer\u2019s physical make-up. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [062-002])"@en . _:b666238967 . _:b665862298 . _:b663912969 . _:b665862619 . _:b665862301 . _:b663912970 . _:b665862300 . _:b666208908 "cjm"^^ . _:b663912971 . _:b665862303 . _:b665862302 . _:b663520728 "(forall (x) (if (TemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [100-001] " . _:b663912966 . _:b666239190 "intestinum jejunum"^^ . _:b663912967 . _:b663516012 "blindgut"^^ . _:b663912988 . _:b663912989 . _:b666208607 . _:b663912990 . _:b666208606 . _:b663912991 . _:b665862605 . _:b663912984 . _:b663912985 . _:b666209676 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663912986 . _:b663516496 "(forall (x t) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (SpatialRegion y) (spatiallyProjectsOntoAt x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [099-001] " . _:b665862384 . _:b663912987 . _:b663914022 . _:b666209666 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665862385 . _:b663912980 . _:b665860797 . _:b663914023 . _:b663912981 . _:b666238351 "ventriculus"^^ . _:b663914138 . _:b663912982 . _:b663914021 . _:b663912983 . _:b665806285 . _:b666238981 . _:b663912976 . _:b663912977 . _:b663912978 . _:b665860787 . _:b663912979 . _:b663913004 . _:b666208918 "cjm"^^ . _:b663913005 . _:b663913006 . _:b663913007 . _:b666208609 . _:b663913000 . _:b665860777 . _:b663516593 . _:b666208608 . _:b663913001 . _:b666208611 . _:b663913002 . _:b666208610 . _:b663913003 . _:b666208613 . _:b663912996 . _:b666208612 . _:b663912997 . _:b666208615 . _:b666208937 "cjm"^^ . _:b663912998 . _:b666208614 . _:b663912999 . _:b663912992 . _:b665797769 "b is a disposition means: b is a realizable entity & b\u2019s bearer is some material entity & b is such that if it ceases to exist, then its bearer is physically changed, & b\u2019s realization occurs when and because this bearer is in some special physical circumstances, & this realization occurs in virtue of the bearer\u2019s physical make-up. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [062-002])"@en . _:b663912993 . _:b663913983 . _:b663912994 . _:b666209685 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663913982 . _:b663912995 . _:b663515876 . _:b663913981 . _:b665806188 "url:https://www.foodsafety.gov/poisoning/causes/bacteriaviruses/salmonella" . _:b663913020 . _:b663913021 . _:b663913022 . _:b666208928 "cjm"^^ . _:b663913023 . _:b663913016 . _:b663913017 . _:b665797808 "(forall (x) (if (ProcessBoundary x) (exists (y) (and (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion y) (occupiesTemporalRegion x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [085-002] " . _:b666208627 . _:b663913018 . _:b666208626 . _:b663913019 . _:b663913012 . _:b663515885 . _:b663913013 . _:b663913014 . _:b663913015 . _:b663913008 . _:b663913009 . _:b663913010 . . _:b665798815 "cjm"^^ . _:b665861482 "A cecum is present in most amniote species, and also in lungfish, but not in any living species of amphibian. In reptiles, it is usually a single median structure, arising from the dorsal side of the large intestine. Birds typically have two paired ceca, as, unlike other mammals, do hyraxes. Most mammalian herbivores have a relatively large cecum, hosting a large number of bacteria, which aid in the enzymatic breakdown of plant materials such as cellulose; in many species, it is considerably wider than the colon. In contrast, obligatory carnivores, whose diets contain little or no plant material, have a reduced cecum, which is often partially or wholly replaced by the vermiform appendix. Many fish have a number of small outpocketings, called pyloric ceca, along their intestine; despite the name they are not homologous with the cecum of amniotes, and their purpose is to increase the overall area of the digestive epithelium.[2] Some invertebrates, such as squid,[3] may also have structures with the same name, but these have no relationship with those of vertebrates."^^ . _:b663913011 . _:b665862140 . _:b665863017 "The terminal region of the mid intestine is comprised of specialized enterocytes that appear to play a role in mucosal immunity. Wallace et al, 2005.[TAO]"^^ . _:b663913932 . _:b663913933 . _:b663516039 . _:b663520844 . _:b663913934 . _:b666209657 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663913935 . _:b663913928 . _:b665798805 "cjm"^^ . _:b663913929 . _:b665863004 . _:b663913930 . _:b665862331 . _:b663913931 . _:b663515900 . _:b665862330 . _:b663913924 . _:b665860749 . _:b663913925 . _:b665860748 . _:b663520211 "cjm"^^ . _:b663913926 . _:b663914235 "Tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach. In mammals, the oesophagus connects the buccal cavity with the stomach. The stratified squamous non-keratinised epithelium lining the buccal cavity is continued through the pharynx down into the oesophagus. The lowest part of the oesophagus (ca. 2 cm) is lined with gastric mucosa and covered by peritoneum. The main body of the oesophagus is lined with small, simple mucous glands. Each gland opens into the lumen by a long duct which pierces the muscularis mucosae (Wilson and Washington, 1989). A sphincter is situated at the point where the oesophagus enters the stomach to prevent gastro-oesophageal reflux, i.e. to prevent acidic gastric contents from reaching stratified epithelia of the oesophagus, where they can cause inflammation and irritation (Wilson and Washington, 1989; Brown et al., 1993)."^^ . _:b663520210 "cjm"^^ . _:b663913927 . _:b666238572 "To say that spatiotemporal region s spatially_projects_onto spatial region r at t is to say that r is the spatial extent of s at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [081-003])"@en . _:b663913920 . _:b663913921 . _:b663913922 . _:b663913923 . _:b663520233 "cjm"^^ . _:b663913948 . _:b663515987 "esophagus NOT part of gut in MA. part of gut in ZFA. part_of gut (via UGIT) in FMA. Consider splitting. Interspecies: The human oesophagus is 25 cm long and has a diameter of ca. 2 cm. Only little information was found on the oesophagus in rat, rabbit and pig. The oesophagus of rat (75 x 2 mm) and rabbit has no mucous glands and the cardia of the stomach has a well-developed sphincter, which prevents them from vomiting (Hebel and Stromberg, 1988; Manning et al., 1994). Morphologically the oesophagus is similar in man and pig; both are omnivores and have a non-keratinised epithelium, submucous glands and similar membrane enzymes. Like in humans, pigs can suffer from reflux oesophagitis and stress ulceration of the oesophagus. The pig oesophagus may therefore be a good model for investigation compared to the human oesophagus (Christie et al., 1995)"^^ . _:b665798825 "cjm"^^ . _:b663913949 . _:b665862309 . _:b663913950 . _:b666208832 "cjm"^^ . _:b663913951 . _:b663913944 . _:b663913945 . _:b663520066 "url:https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/general/index.html" . _:b663913946 . _:b663913947 . _:b663913940 . _:b663913941 . _:b665862333 . _:b663913942 . _:b663913943 . _:b666209606 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663516806 "NCBITaxon:9606"^^ . _:b663913936 . _:b663913937 . _:b663913938 . _:b663515863 . _:b663913939 . _:b663913964 . _:b665862314 . . _:b666208854 "cjm"^^ . _:b663913965 . _:b663516733 . _:b663913966 . _:b663516732 . _:b663913967 . _:b663913960 . _:b663516734 . _:b666209631 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663913961 . _:b663913962 . _:b663913963 . _:b663516731 . _:b666208879 "cjm"^^ . _:b663913956 . _:b663516730 . _:b663913957 . _:b663913958 . _:b665862135 . _:b665805382 "(forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [037-001] " . _:b663914269 _:b663914270 . _:b663913959 . _:b665798834 "cjm"^^ . _:b663913952 . _:b665861413 . _:b663913953 . _:b665861414 . _:b663913954 . _:b663913955 . _:b665862995 . _:b663913980 . _:b665798729 "cjm"^^ . _:b663913981 . _:b665798728 "cjm"^^ . _:b663913982 . _:b663913983 . _:b666209405 "A one-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is extended. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [103-001])"@en . _:b663913976 . _:b665862994 . _:b663913977 . _:b663913978 . _:b666209581 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663913979 . _:b663913972 . _:b665860632 . _:b663913973 . _:b666208687 "A primary bacterial infectious disease caused by the bacteria of the genus Salmonella. It has sypmtoms diarrhea, fever, vomiting, and abdominal cramps 12 to 72 hours after infection. In most cases, the illness lasts four to seven days, and most people recover without treatment." . _:b663913974 . _:b663913975 . _:b665860615 . _:b666238891 "Specifically dependent continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. We're not sure what else will develop here, but for example there are questions such as what are promises, obligation, etc."@en . _:b663913968 . _:b666238985 . _:b663520156 "cjm"^^ . _:b663913969 . _:b665862916 . _:b663913970 . _:b665798751 "cjm"^^ . _:b663914253 _:b663914254 . _:b663913971 . _:b666209440 . _:b666209594 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663913868 . _:b663913869 . _:b663913870 . _:b663913871 . _:b663913864 . _:b663913865 . _:b665798074 . _:b663913866 . _:b665798075 . _:b663913867 . _:b665798072 . _:b665863011 . _:b665862086 . _:b663913860 . _:b663914246 _:b663914247 . _:b665798073 . _:b663913861 . _:b663914244 _:b663914245 . _:b666208777 "cjm"^^ . _:b663913862 . _:b663913863 . _:b665798076 . _:b665862830 . _:b663913856 . _:b665862047 . _:b665860381 . _:b663913857 . _:b663913858 . _:b663913859 . _:b663913884 . _:b663913885 . _:b665798070 . _:b663913886 . _:b665798071 . _:b663913887 . _:b665860806 . _:b663520165 "cjm"^^ . _:b663913880 . _:b663516520 "(forall (x) (if (Role x) (RealizableEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [061-001] " . _:b665798069 . _:b663913881 . _:b663913882 . _:b663913883 . _:b663516813 "MP:0004002"^^ . _:b663913876 . _:b665798813 . _:b663913877 . _:b663913878 . _:b665860367 . _:b663913879 . _:b663520107 . _:b663913872 . _:b663913873 . _:b663913874 . _:b663913875 . _:b663913900 . _:b663515726 "For every independent continuant b and time t during the region of time spanned by its life, there are entities which s-depends_on b during t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [018-002])"@en . _:b665862918 . _:b663913901 . _:b665798776 "cjm"^^ . _:b663913902 . _:b665798954 . _:b663913903 . _:b665798793 . _:b663913896 . _:b665861360 . _:b666208786 "cjm"^^ . _:b663913897 . _:b663913898 . _:b665862936 . _:b665861648 . _:b663913899 . _:b665860928 . _:b665861649 . _:b663913892 . _:b665860929 . _:b663913893 . _:b665806195 . _:b665798949 . _:b665862932 . _:b663913894 . _:b665860655 . _:b665806086 "(forall (x) (iff (Occurrent x) (and (Entity x) (exists (y) (temporalPartOf y x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [079-001] " . _:b663913895 . _:b665862935 . _:b665862934 . _:b663913888 . _:b663913889 . _:b663913890 . _:b663520823 "A disease that manifests in a defined anatomical structure." . _:b665862931 . _:b663913891 . _:b663913916 . _:b663913917 . _:b665862925 . _:b663913918 . _:b663913919 . _:b665798865 . _:b665860646 . _:b663913912 . _:b665798864 . _:b663913913 . _:b663913914 . _:b665797904 . _:b663913915 . _:b666208831 "cjm"^^ . _:b663913908 . _:b665862059 . _:b663913909 . _:b666209530 . _:b663913240 "Temporal region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of a temporal instant and a temporal interval that doesn't overlap the instant. In this case the resultant temporal region is neither 0-dimensional nor 1-dimensional"@en . _:b663913910 . _:b663913911 . _:b665805395 . _:b665861636 . . _:b665798846 . _:b663913904 . _:b663913905 . _:b665805393 . _:b666239318 "To say that spatiotemporal region s spatially_projects_onto spatial region r at t is to say that r is the spatial extent of s at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [081-003])"@en . _:b663913906 . _:b665798843 . _:b665805407 . _:b663913907 . _:b663913804 . _:b663913805 . _:b663913806 . _:b665805404 . _:b665798683 "cjm"^^ . _:b666208908 "2"^^ . _:b663913807 . _:b666209404 "(iff (ProcessBoundary a) (exists (p) (and (Process p) (temporalPartOf a p) (not (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [084-001] " . _:b663913800 . _:b665805402 . _:b666209535 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665860567 "A disease that manifests in a defined anatomical structure." . _:b663913801 . _:b663913802 . _:b665805400 . _:b665862810 . _:b663913803 . _:b665805439 . _:b663913796 . _:b665805382 . _:b665805438 . _:b663913797 . _:b663913798 . _:b665805380 . _:b663913799 . _:b665805379 . _:b665798674 "cjm"^^ . _:b663913792 . _:b663913793 . _:b665860577 . _:b666239168 "The terminal region of the mid intestine is comprised of specialized enterocytes that appear to play a role in mucosal immunity. Wallace et al, 2005.[TAO]"^^ . _:b663913794 . _:b665805376 . _:b666209525 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663913795 . _:b665805391 . _:b663913820 . _:b663913821 . _:b665805389 . _:b665798209 . _:b663913822 . _:b663913823 . _:b665798964 . _:b666238120 "Each spatiotemporal region at any time t projects_onto some spatial region at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [099-001])"@en . _:b663913816 . _:b665805386 . _:b665798081 "VHOG:0000053"^^ . _:b663913817 . _:b665805385 . _:b663913818 . _:b665798960 . _:b663913819 . _:b665805678 "ncithesaurus:Duodenum"^^ . _:b665798961 . _:b663520701 "(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (hasContinuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [126-001] " . _:b663913812 . _:b665805430 . _:b665860733 . _:b665798963 . _:b663913813 . _:b665805429 . _:b663520298 . _:b665862948 . _:b665798962 . _:b663913814 . _:b663520299 . _:b663913815 . _:b663913808 . _:b665805426 . _:b663520297 . _:b663913809 . _:b663520302 . _:b663913810 . _:b665805424 . _:b665860723 . _:b663520303 . _:b663913811 . _:b665805439 . _:b663520300 . _:b663913836 . _:b663520301 . _:b663913837 . _:b665805437 . _:b665860724 . _:b663913838 . _:b665860530 "A material entity is an independent continuant that has some portion of matter as proper or improper continuant part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [019-002])"@en . _:b663913839 . _:b665860726 . _:b663913832 . _:b665805434 . _:b663913833 . _:b666209776 . _:b663913834 . _:b665805432 . _:b665798021 "cecum"^^ . _:b665863165 . _:b665863106 . _:b663913835 . _:b665805415 . _:b665798851 . _:b663913828 . _:b665798848 . _:b663913829 . _:b665805413 . _:b663913830 . _:b665805412 . _:b666209608 "intestinum rectum"^^ . _:b663913831 . _:b665863162 . _:b663913824 . _:b663913825 . _:b665805409 . _:b665798959 . _:b665861996 "b is a role means: b is a realizable entity & b exists because there is some single bearer that is in some special physical, social, or institutional set of circumstances in which this bearer does not have to be& b is not such that, if it ceases to exist, then the physical make-up of the bearer is thereby changed. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [061-001])"@en . _:b663913826 . _:b665862876 . _:b663913827 . _:b663913852 . _:b663913853 . _:b665805421 . _:b665798222 . _:b663913854 . _:b665805420 . _:b663913855 . _:b665805419 . _:b663520304 . _:b663913848 . _:b666238885 "(forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [037-001] " . _:b663913849 . _:b663913850 . _:b663913851 . _:b663913844 . _:b665860701 . _:b665798562 "(forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt x y t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [021-002] " . _:b663913567 "proximal intestine"^^ . _:b663913845 . _:b665805333 . _:b665860700 . _:b663913846 . _:b665805332 . _:b665805641 "UMLS:C0009368"^^ . _:b663913847 . _:b665805331 . _:b663913840 . _:b665805330 . _:b665860554 . _:b665863130 . _:b663913841 . _:b663519973 "All continuant parts of spatial regions are spatial regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [036-001])"@en . _:b665863131 . _:b663913842 . _:b663913843 . _:b663913740 . _:b663913741 . _:b663913742 . _:b665861476 "ncithesaurus:Rectum"^^ . _:b665805340 . _:b663913743 . _:b665805339 . _:b663913736 . _:b665860447 "(forall (x) (if (Material Entity x) (exists (t) (and (TemporalRegion t) (existsAt x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [011-002] " . _:b663913737 . _:b663516464 . _:b663913738 . _:b665805359 . _:b663913739 . _:b665805360 . _:b663516474 . . _:b663913732 . _:b663521106 . _:b663516475 . _:b663516465 . _:b663913733 . _:b663516472 . _:b663913734 . _:b663516473 . _:b663913735 . _:b663516544 . _:b663516470 . _:b663913728 . _:b663516471 . _:b663516477 . _:b663913729 . _:b663521111 . _:b663913730 . _:b666238221 . _:b663913731 . _:b663914318 "MP:0004002"^^ . _:b663913756 . _:b665797882 . _:b663913757 . _:b666239270 . _:b665863156 . _:b666238145 "Specifically dependent continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. We're not sure what else will develop here, but for example there are questions such as what are promises, obligation, etc."@en . _:b663516476 . _:b665863049 . _:b663913758 . _:b665861501 "UMLS:C0009368"^^ . _:b665863048 . _:b663913759 . _:b665863051 . _:b663913752 . _:b663516453 . _:b665863050 . _:b665806105 "A two-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of two dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [039-001])"@en . _:b663913753 . _:b663913754 . _:b665805295 "0.0"^^ . _:b663516455 . _:b663913755 . _:b663914373 _:b663914370 . _:b665805367 . _:b663516454 . _:b663913748 . _:b666239273 . _:b665805366 . _:b663914372 _:b663914371 . _:b663914374 _:b663914373 . _:b663913749 . _:b663914373 _:b663914372 . _:b663516452 . _:b663913750 . _:b663913751 . _:b663516563 . _:b663913744 . _:b663521126 . _:b663516562 . _:b663913745 . _:b665863045 . _:b663913746 . _:b665805360 . _:b665863044 . _:b663913747 . _:b665805375 . _:b665806493 "A proximal-distal subdivision of the digestive tract."^^ . _:b665863047 . _:b663913772 . _:b663516463 . _:b665863046 . _:b663913773 . _:b665805300 "0.0"^^ . _:b663913774 . _:b663914369 _:b663914374 . _:b665805372 . _:b665863060 . _:b663913775 . _:b663521129 . _:b663913768 . _:b665805370 . _:b663913769 . _:b665805369 . _:b663913770 . _:b663914395 _:b663914398 . _:b663914391 _:b663914390 . _:b665805368 . _:b663913771 . _:b665805310 "0.0"^^ . _:b665805351 . _:b663914387 _:b663914386 . _:b665797857 . _:b663913764 . _:b665805350 . _:b663913765 . _:b663914386 _:b663914385 . _:b663913766 . _:b663913767 . _:b663913760 . _:b665805305 "0.0"^^ . _:b665805346 . _:b665861229 "(forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [095-001] " . _:b663913761 . _:b665805345 . _:b663914378 _:b663914379 . _:b663914397 _:b663914396 . _:b663913762 . _:b665805344 . _:b663914384 _:b663914387 . _:b663914398 _:b663914397 . _:b663914389 _:b663914392 . _:b663913763 . _:b663913788 . _:b665805358 . _:b663913789 . _:b665797872 . _:b665805357 . _:b663914392 _:b663914391 . _:b663913790 . _:b665805356 . _:b663913791 . _:b663914408 _:b663914407 . _:b663914430 _:b663914433 . _:b663913784 . _:b663914409 _:b663914408 . _:b663913785 . _:b665861447 . _:b663914406 _:b663914409 . _:b663913786 . _:b663515847 . _:b663516665 "BTO:0000706"^^ . _:b665798206 . _:b663913787 . _:b663913780 . _:b663913781 . _:b665861386 . _:b663913782 . _:b665861385 . _:b663914400 _:b663914403 . _:b663913783 . _:b665863055 . _:b663914403 _:b663914402 . _:b663913776 . _:b663515725 "For any independent continuant b and any time t there is some spatial region r such that b is located_in r at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [134-001])"@en . _:b665798015 "EHDAA2"^^ . _:b663913777 . _:b663914402 _:b663914401 . _:b665862815 . _:b663913778 . _:b663913779 . _:b663913211 "Entity doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example Werner Ceusters 'portions of reality' include 4 sorts, entities (as BFO construes them), universals, configurations, and relations. It is an open question as to whether entities as construed in BFO will at some point also include these other portions of reality. See, for example, 'How to track absolutely everything' at http://www.referent-tracking.com/_RTU/papers/CeustersICbookRevised.pdf"@en . _:b666209380 . _:b663914414 _:b663914417 . _:b663913676 . _:b663913677 . _:b666209378 . _:b663913678 . _:b666209379 . _:b663914428 _:b663914427 . _:b663913679 . _:b663516532 . _:b665863079 . _:b663913672 . _:b663516024 "ncithesaurus:Colon"^^ . _:b663913673 . _:b663516534 . _:b663913239 . _:b663913674 . _:b665805482 . _:b663913238 . _:b663913675 . _:b663914427 _:b663914426 . _:b666208607 "All parts of spatiotemporal regions are spatiotemporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [096-001])"@en . _:b663516528 . _:b666238106 "All continuant parts of spatial regions are spatial regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [036-001])"@en . _:b663913237 . _:b663913668 . _:b663913236 . _:b663913669 . _:b663516530 . _:b663913235 . _:b663913670 . _:b665863085 . _:b663913671 . _:b663913297 "(forall (x) (if (Function x) (Disposition x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [064-001] " . _:b663914425 _:b663914428 . _:b666209060 . _:b663913664 . _:b663913665 . _:b663914416 _:b663914415 . _:b663520316 . _:b663913666 . _:b663516543 . _:b663913667 . _:b665863082 . _:b663913692 . _:b663516537 . _:b663913693 . _:b663913694 . _:b663914417 _:b663914416 . _:b663914455 _:b663914454 . _:b663520307 . _:b666209059 . _:b663913695 . _:b666209799 . _:b663913688 . _:b663914454 _:b663914453 . _:b663914452 _:b663914451 . _:b663913689 . _:b663914453 _:b663914452 . _:b663913690 . _:b663516519 . _:b663913691 . _:b665798749 . _:b663516512 . _:b663913684 . _:b665798738 . _:b663520297 . _:b665863077 . _:b663913685 . _:b665863076 . _:b663913686 . _:b665863092 . _:b663516517 . _:b663913687 . _:b663515917 "VHOG:0000054"^^ . _:b665863103 . _:b663913680 . _:b663913681 . _:b663913682 . _:b665860731 "intestinum rectum"^^ . _:b663913683 . _:b665862847 . _:b663516526 . _:b663913708 . _:b663516521 . _:b663913709 . _:b663914432 _:b663914431 . _:b663516664 . _:b663516470 "b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002])"@en . _:b663914456 _:b663914455 . _:b663913710 . _:b663516523 . _:b663516525 . _:b663516665 . _:b663913711 . _:b666209351 "(forall (x) (if (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [039-001] " . _:b663913704 . _:b663913705 . _:b663516502 . _:b663913706 . _:b663914433 _:b663914432 . _:b663913707 . _:b666209381 "b is a role means: b is a realizable entity & b exists because there is some single bearer that is in some special physical, social, or institutional set of circumstances in which this bearer does not have to be& b is not such that, if it ceases to exist, then the physical make-up of the bearer is thereby changed. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [061-001])"@en . _:b663913700 . _:b665798223 . _:b663913701 . _:b663913702 . _:b665860868 . _:b663914443 _:b663914446 . _:b663914439 _:b663914438 . _:b665860609 . _:b663914437 _:b663914440 . _:b663913703 . _:b665860573 . _:b666238879 "(forall (x) (if (Disposition x) (and (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (bearerOfAt x y t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [062-002] " . _:b663913696 . _:b663913697 . _:b663516510 . _:b663914440 _:b663914439 . _:b663913698 . _:b663520287 . _:b663913699 . _:b665860865 . _:b663913724 . _:b663914411 . _:b665862196 "VHOG:0000408"^^ . _:b663913725 . _:b663914445 _:b663914444 . _:b663516506 . _:b663913726 . _:b663914446 _:b663914445 . _:b663913727 . _:b663913720 . _:b663913721 . _:b663516767 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b663913722 . _:b665860638 . _:b666238437 "BTO:0000365"^^ . _:b663516481 . _:b663913723 . _:b666238436 "BTO:0000365"^^ . _:b663913716 . _:b663913717 . _:b663516482 . _:b663913718 . _:b665862106 . _:b663913719 . _:b663913712 . _:b666209441 "A primary bacterial infectious disease that results_in infection located_in intestine, has_material_basis_in Campylobacter jejuni, which is transmitted_by ingestion of contaminated food or water or transmitted_by contact with infected people or animals. The infection has_symptom diarrhea or has_symptom dysentery, has_symptom abdominal cramps and pain, and has_symptom fever." . _:b663913713 . _:b663913714 . _:b666209608 "BTO:0001158"^^ . _:b663913715 . _:b663516488 . _:b663913612 . _:b663913613 . _:b663516490 . _:b663913614 . _:b663520259 . _:b663913615 . _:b663520258 . _:b665860892 . _:b663913608 . _:b663520718 "A spatial region is a continuant entity that is a continuant_part_of spaceR as defined relative to some frame R. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [035-001])"@en . _:b665860893 . _:b663913609 . _:b663913610 . _:b665860631 . _:b663913611 . _:b663913604 . _:b666208667 "b is a continuant fiat boundary = Def. b is an immaterial entity that is of zero, one or two dimensions and does not include a spatial region as part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [029-001])"@en . _:b663913605 . _:b663913606 . _:b663913607 . _:b663913600 . _:b663913601 . _:b665798755 . _:b663913602 . _:b663913603 . _:b663913628 . _:b666238968 . _:b663913629 . _:b663516731 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b663913630 . _:b663913631 . _:b666239199 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b665862305 "posterior intestine"^^ . _:b663914280 _:b663914279 . _:b665798693 . _:b663913624 . _:b663914281 _:b663914280 . _:b663913625 . _:b666239201 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b663914152 . _:b663914278 _:b663914281 . _:b663913626 . _:b666239200 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b663913627 . _:b665798710 . _:b665862227 "A pouch in the digestive tract that connects the ileum with the ascending colon of the large intestine. It is separated from the ileum by the ileocecal valve, and is the beginning of the large intestine. It is also separated from the colon by the cecocolic junction."^^ . _:b663913620 . _:b663913621 . _:b663913622 . _:b663913623 . _:b666238421 "Subdivision of digestive tract that connects the stomach to the large intestine and is where much of the digestion and absorption of food takes place (with the exception of ruminants). The mammalian small intestine is long and coiled and can be differentiated histologically into: duodenum, jejunem, ileum[WP,cjm,Kardong]."^^ . _:b663913616 . _:b663516210 . _:b665860918 . _:b663913617 . _:b665861404 . _:b665862122 . _:b663914292 _:b663914293 . _:b663913618 . _:b665798713 . _:b666238847 "(forall (x t) (if (IndependentContinuant x) (exists (r) (and (SpatialRegion r) (locatedInAt x r t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [134-001] " . _:b665805536 "BTO:0000706"^^ . _:b663913619 . _:b663914287 _:b663914290 . _:b663913644 . _:b663520883 . _:b663913645 . _:b663913646 . _:b665861301 . _:b663913647 . _:b663913640 . _:b663516718 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b665861403 . _:b663516565 . _:b663913641 . _:b665806145 "b is an object aggregate means: b is a material entity consisting exactly of a plurality of objects as member_parts at all times at which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [025-004])"@en . _:b665862129 . _:b663913642 . _:b663516567 . _:b663913643 . _:b663913636 . _:b665862408 . _:b663913637 . _:b663516564 . _:b665861394 . _:b663516562 . _:b663913638 . _:b666209781 . _:b663913639 . _:b663913632 . _:b663913633 . _:b663913634 . _:b663914289 _:b663914288 . _:b663913635 . _:b663914290 _:b663914289 . _:b663913660 . _:b663516569 . _:b663913661 . _:b663913662 . _:b663913507 "EHDAA2"^^ . _:b663913663 . _:b663913656 . _:b663913657 . _:b663913658 . _:b665798515 "b is a disposition means: b is a realizable entity & b\u2019s bearer is some material entity & b is such that if it ceases to exist, then its bearer is physically changed, & b\u2019s realization occurs when and because this bearer is in some special physical circumstances, & this realization occurs in virtue of the bearer\u2019s physical make-up. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [062-002])"@en . _:b663913659 . _:b663913652 . _:b663516545 . _:b665860567 . _:b663913653 . _:b665860564 . _:b665862244 "AAO"^^ . _:b663914017 "a quality is a specifically dependent continuant that, in contrast to roles and dispositions, does not require any further process in order to be realized. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [055-001])"@en . _:b663913654 . _:b665860566 . _:b665860565 . _:b663913655 . _:b663913648 . _:b663516557 . _:b663913649 . _:b663516552 . _:b663913650 . _:b665860561 . _:b666238380 "ncithesaurus:Cecum"^^ . _:b663913651 . _:b665861500 . _:b663913548 . _:b663913549 . _:b665860572 . _:b663516554 . _:b663913550 . _:b663913551 . _:b665860506 . _:b665860510 . _:b665861498 . _:b663913544 . _:b665860507 . _:b665861499 . _:b663913545 . _:b665860511 . _:b663516491 . _:b663913546 . _:b663516490 . _:b663913547 . _:b663516493 . _:b665860508 . _:b663913540 . _:b663516492 . _:b665860509 . _:b665797960 . _:b663913541 . _:b663516495 . _:b663913542 . _:b663516672 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b663516494 . _:b663913543 . _:b665860496 . _:b665860524 . _:b663913536 . _:b665860502 . _:b665862713 "A spatiotemporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of spacetime. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [095-001])"@en . _:b663913537 . _:b663913538 . _:b665861313 . _:b665860527 . _:b663913539 . _:b665860521 . _:b665861281 "(forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [020-002] " . _:b666208620 "(forall (x t) (if (and (RealizableEntity x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (specificallyDepends x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [063-002] " . _:b663913564 . _:b665860526 . _:b665860520 . _:b665861482 . _:b663913565 . _:b665860525 . _:b665860523 . _:b665860556 . _:b663913566 . _:b665860522 . _:b663913567 . _:b665860529 . _:b663913560 . _:b665860555 . _:b666238158 "A three-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of three dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [040-001])"@en . _:b665860528 . _:b663913561 . _:b663914365 _:b663914364 . _:b663913562 . _:b663914366 _:b663914365 . _:b663913563 . _:b666208626 "A zero-dimensional spatial region is a point in space. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [037-001])"@en . _:b663913556 . _:b663913557 . _:b663516511 . _:b663913558 . _:b665860495 . _:b663516510 . _:b663913559 . _:b663516497 . _:b663913552 . _:b663516496 . _:b665861475 . _:b663914303 "BTO:0000651"^^ . _:b663913553 . _:b663516499 . _:b663914352 _:b663914351 . _:b665862208 "AAO"^^ . _:b663913554 . _:b663914363 _:b663914366 . _:b663516498 . . _:b663913555 . _:b665860543 . _:b663913580 . _:b665860542 . _:b663913581 . _:b665860541 . _:b663913582 . _:b663914353 _:b663914352 . _:b663913583 . _:b663914347 _:b663914346 . _:b665860480 . _:b665860482 . _:b665860538 . _:b665861464 . _:b665860483 . _:b663913576 . _:b665860487 . _:b665860485 . _:b665860539 . _:b665861463 . _:b663913577 . _:b665860536 . _:b665860486 . _:b663913578 . _:b665860481 . _:b666209059 . _:b663914348 _:b663914347 . _:b663913579 . _:b665861462 . _:b666209060 . _:b663913572 . _:b666209034 . _:b663914339 _:b663914342 . _:b663913573 . _:b663913572 "MP:0004002"^^ . _:b663914336 _:b663914335 . _:b663913212 . _:b665860484 . _:b665860540 . _:b663913574 . _:b665860537 . _:b663913213 . _:b663913575 . _:b665860531 . _:b663913214 . _:b663913568 . _:b663913215 . _:b665860533 . _:b665860494 . _:b663913569 . _:b665860492 . . _:b663913570 . _:b663914337 _:b663914336 . _:b665860493 . _:b663913571 . _:b665860535 . _:b663519995 "p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003])"@en . _:b663914345 _:b663914348 . _:b663914341 _:b663914340 . _:b665860490 . _:b665860491 . _:b663914350 _:b663914353 . _:b663913596 . _:b665860534 . _:b663914342 _:b663914341 . _:b663913211 . _:b663914283 . _:b663913597 . _:b665861451 . _:b665860530 . _:b665861450 . _:b665860488 . _:b663913598 . _:b665860532 . _:b665861449 . _:b665860489 . _:b663913599 . _:b665860503 . _:b663913592 . _:b663913593 . _:b665860501 . _:b663913594 . _:b665798740 . _:b665860498 . _:b663516539 . _:b663913595 . _:b665860499 . _:b663516540 . _:b663913588 . _:b665860500 . _:b663516541 . _:b666238124 "(forall (x t) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (SpatialRegion y) (spatiallyProjectsOntoAt x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [099-001] " . _:b663913589 . _:b665860497 . _:b663516542 . _:b663913590 . _:b663516543 . _:b663913591 . _:b663914334 _:b663914337 . _:b663913584 . _:b665860514 . _:b663913585 . _:b663516530 . _:b665860513 . _:b663913586 . _:b663516531 . _:b665860515 . _:b663913587 . _:b665860517 . _:b665860519 . _:b665860516 . _:b663913484 . _:b663913485 . _:b665860504 . _:b665860512 . _:b663913486 . _:b665860518 . _:b665860505 . _:b663516004 . _:b663913487 . _:b663516005 . _:b663913480 . _:b663516006 . _:b663913481 . _:b663516007 . _:b663913482 . _:b663913483 . _:b663913476 . _:b666208931 "ncithesaurus:Jejunum"^^ . _:b663516002 . _:b663913477 . _:b663521050 . _:b665861554 . _:b663913478 . _:b663516012 . _:b663913479 . _:b665798001 "ncithesaurus:Esophagus"^^ . _:b663516013 . _:b663521048 . _:b663913472 . _:b663516014 . _:b663521049 . _:b663913473 . _:b663913474 . _:b663520226 "Anterior end of the alimentary canal lined with smooth muscle. Bounded anteriorly by a constriction in the pharynx. Bounded posteriorly by and increase in circular and/or longitudinal smooth muscle associated with the stomach.[AAO]"^^ . _:b663516008 . _:b663913475 . _:b663516009 . _:b663913500 . _:b663516010 . _:b665862195 "AAO"^^ . _:b663913501 . _:b663515723 "(forall (x) (iff (Occurrent x) (and (Entity x) (exists (y) (temporalPartOf y x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [079-001] " . _:b663516209 . _:b663516011 . _:b665805619 . _:b663913502 . _:b665861545 . _:b663521043 . _:b663913503 . _:b663914201 _:b663914204 . _:b663913496 . _:b665862889 . _:b663516197 . _:b663913497 . _:b663521046 . _:b663516198 . _:b665798939 . _:b663913498 . _:b663521047 . _:b663913499 . _:b663914195 _:b663914194 . _:b665805609 . _:b663521044 . _:b663913492 . _:b665860549 . _:b663914195 _:b663914192 . _:b663521045 . _:b665798942 . _:b663913493 . _:b663914194 _:b663914193 . _:b663913494 . _:b665805610 . _:b666209433 . _:b665862149 "AAO"^^ . _:b665861536 . _:b663914204 _:b663914203 . _:b663913495 . _:b665861537 . _:b663913488 . _:b665805612 . _:b663913489 . _:b665860547 . _:b663913490 . _:b666238361 "esophagus NOT part of gut in MA. part of gut in ZFA. part_of gut (via UGIT) in FMA. Consider splitting. Interspecies: The human oesophagus is 25 cm long and has a diameter of ca. 2 cm. Only little information was found on the oesophagus in rat, rabbit and pig. The oesophagus of rat (75 x 2 mm) and rabbit has no mucous glands and the cardia of the stomach has a well-developed sphincter, which prevents them from vomiting (Hebel and Stromberg, 1988; Manning et al., 1994). Morphologically the oesophagus is similar in man and pig; both are omnivores and have a non-keratinised epithelium, submucous glands and similar membrane enzymes. Like in humans, pigs can suffer from reflux oesophagitis and stress ulceration of the oesophagus. The pig oesophagus may therefore be a good model for investigation compared to the human oesophagus (Christie et al., 1995)"^^ . _:b663913491 . _:b663914203 _:b663914202 . _:b665860550 . _:b663913516 . _:b665860548 . _:b665861535 . _:b665860551 . _:b663913517 . _:b663913518 . _:b663913519 . _:b663913512 . _:b663913513 . _:b663515659 . _:b665798081 . _:b665861526 . _:b663913514 . _:b665860544 . _:b665861525 . _:b663913515 . _:b663914191 _:b663914195 . _:b663913508 . _:b665860554 . _:b665860546 . _:b663913509 . _:b663914186 _:b663914190 . _:b663913276 . _:b665860545 . _:b663913510 . _:b663914183 _:b663914182 . _:b663913277 . _:b663914184 _:b663914181 . _:b666208933 . _:b663913511 . _:b665860553 . _:b663913278 . _:b663914180 _:b663914185 . _:b663913504 . _:b663914185 _:b663914184 . _:b665860552 . _:b663913279 . _:b663913505 . _:b663913272 . _:b663914184 _:b663914183 . _:b663913506 . _:b665860697 . _:b663913273 . _:b663913507 . _:b665860696 . _:b663913274 . _:b663913532 . _:b663913275 . _:b663914190 _:b663914187 . _:b665798090 . _:b663913533 . _:b665860698 . _:b663913268 . _:b663914189 _:b663914188 . _:b665805587 . _:b663913534 . _:b665860693 . _:b663913269 . _:b663914190 _:b663914189 . _:b665805586 . _:b663913535 . _:b663913270 . _:b663913528 . _:b665861647 . _:b663913271 . _:b663913529 . _:b665861646 . _:b665860694 . _:b663913264 . _:b663913530 . _:b663913265 . _:b663913531 . _:b663913266 . _:b665860680 . _:b665862010 "(forall (x) (if (Site x) (ImmaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [034-002] " . _:b663913524 . _:b663913267 . _:b663516682 "1"^^ . _:b663913525 . _:b663913260 . _:b663913526 . _:b663516683 "1"^^ . _:b663913261 . _:b663520225 "Tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach. In mammals, the oesophagus connects the buccal cavity with the stomach. The stratified squamous non-keratinised epithelium lining the buccal cavity is continued through the pharynx down into the oesophagus. The lowest part of the oesophagus (ca. 2 cm) is lined with gastric mucosa and covered by peritoneum. The main body of the oesophagus is lined with small, simple mucous glands. Each gland opens into the lumen by a long duct which pierces the muscularis mucosae (Wilson and Washington, 1989). A sphincter is situated at the point where the oesophagus enters the stomach to prevent gastro-oesophageal reflux, i.e. to prevent acidic gastric contents from reaching stratified epithelia of the oesophagus, where they can cause inflammation and irritation (Wilson and Washington, 1989; Brown et al., 1993)."^^ . _:b663913527 . _:b663913262 . _:b663913520 . _:b666208934 . _:b663913263 . _:b665860687 . _:b663913521 . _:b663913256 . _:b663516687 "1"^^ . _:b663913522 . _:b666209471 . _:b666208932 . _:b663913257 . _:b663913523 . _:b666208933 . _:b663913258 . _:b663914444 . _:b663913259 . _:b666208931 . _:b663914445 . _:b663913252 . _:b665862221 "The terminal portion of the large intestine between the ileo-pelvic colon and the anus. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663914446 . _:b663913253 . _:b663914447 . _:b663913254 . _:b663914440 . _:b666208942 . _:b663913255 . _:b663914441 . _:b666208943 . _:b663913248 . _:b665806275 . _:b666208940 . _:b663914442 . _:b663913249 . _:b666238140 . _:b666238858 "Every temporal region t is such that t occupies_temporal_region t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [119-002])"@en . _:b663914443 . _:b666208941 . _:b663913250 . _:b666238141 . _:b663914436 . _:b663914233 _:b663914234 . _:b663516117 . _:b663913251 . _:b666238142 . _:b663914437 . _:b663913244 . _:b666238143 . _:b666208772 . _:b663914438 . _:b663913245 . _:b666238136 . _:b663914208 _:b663914211 . _:b663914439 . _:b665805684 "the portion of the small intestine that extends from the duodenum to the ileum"^^ . _:b666238137 . _:b663913246 . _:b663914211 _:b663914210 . _:b663914432 . _:b663913247 . _:b666238138 . _:b665805692 . _:b663914433 . _:b663913240 . _:b666238139 . _:b663914210 _:b663914209 . _:b663914434 . _:b663913241 . _:b666238132 . _:b663914435 . _:b663913242 . _:b666238133 . _:b663913243 . _:b666238134 . _:b663913236 . _:b666238135 . _:b665805683 . _:b666209401 "p is a process boundary =Def. p is a temporal part of a process & p has no proper temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [084-001])"@en . _:b666208944 . _:b663913237 . _:b666238128 . _:b663516688 "1"^^ . _:b663913238 . _:b666238129 . _:b663914456 . _:b663913239 . _:b666238130 . _:b663914457 . _:b663913232 . _:b666238131 . _:b663913233 . _:b666238124 . _:b663914119 _:b663914118 . _:b666209538 . _:b663913234 . _:b666238125 . _:b663914130 _:b663914131 . _:b665805673 . _:b663914126 _:b663914129 . _:b666209539 . _:b663914452 . _:b663913235 . _:b666238126 . _:b663914118 _:b663914117 . _:b663914453 . _:b663913228 . _:b666238127 . _:b663914119 _:b663914116 . _:b663914454 . _:b663913229 . _:b666238120 . _:b666209550 . _:b663914455 . _:b663913230 . _:b666238121 . _:b663914448 . _:b663913231 . _:b666238122 . _:b663914449 . _:b663516672 "Portion of the alimentary canal bounded anteriorly by the pyloric sphincter and posteriorly by the cloacal sphincter.[AAO]"^^ . _:b663913224 . _:b666238123 . _:b666209549 . _:b663914450 . _:b663913225 . _:b666238116 . _:b663914142 _:b663914143 . _:b663914451 . _:b663913226 . _:b666238117 . _:b665862863 . _:b663913227 . _:b666238118 . _:b663914115 _:b663914119 . _:b666209544 . _:b663913220 . _:b666238119 . _:b666209545 . _:b663913221 . _:b666238112 . _:b666238493 . _:b663913222 . _:b666238113 . _:b663914137 _:b663914140 . _:b663914133 _:b663914132 . _:b665860711 . _:b663516145 . _:b666238498 . _:b663913223 . _:b666238114 . _:b663914134 _:b663914133 . _:b665860710 . _:b663913216 . _:b666238115 . _:b663914128 _:b663914127 . _:b665861497 . _:b663913217 . _:b666238108 . _:b666209554 . _:b663913218 . _:b666238109 . _:b663521062 . _:b663913219 . _:b666238110 . _:b665860714 . _:b663516148 . _:b663913340 . _:b666238111 . _:b663914322 "mid-intestine"^^ . _:b666209553 . _:b663521053 . _:b663914129 _:b663914128 . _:b663913341 . _:b666238104 . _:b663914140 _:b663914139 . _:b663914120 _:b663914121 . _:b663521054 . _:b666238105 . _:b663521055 . _:b665805666 "VHOG:0000055"^^ . _:b663914131 _:b663914134 . _:b665805699 "posterior intestine"^^ . _:b666238106 . _:b663521053 . _:b663914141 _:b663914145 . _:b666238107 . _:b665805663 . _:b665798906 . _:b666238100 . _:b665860722 . _:b663914125 _:b663914126 . _:b663914139 _:b663914138 . _:b663913338 . _:b666238101 . _:b665860721 . _:b666208914 . _:b663913339 . _:b666238102 . _:b663515862 . _:b665860720 . _:b666238103 . _:b666208912 . _:b665860727 . _:b666238096 . _:b665798036 . _:b663521043 . _:b666208913 . _:b666238097 . _:b665860725 . _:b665862867 . _:b663913335 . _:b666238098 . _:b663913328 . _:b666238099 . _:b665860480 "(forall (r) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [107-002] " . _:b666208924 . _:b663913329 . _:b666238092 . _:b663914146 _:b663914149 . _:b663914157 _:b663914156 . _:b666238513 . _:b666208925 . _:b663913330 . _:b666238093 . _:b665860755 "UMLS:C0009368"^^ . _:b666238094 . _:b666208923 . _:b663521033 . _:b663914144 _:b663914142 . _:b665798868 . _:b666238095 . _:b663913324 . _:b666238516 . _:b663913325 . _:b666238088 . _:b663914156 _:b663914155 . _:b663913326 . _:b666238089 . _:b663913327 . _:b666238090 . _:b663913320 . _:b666238091 . _:b663914145 _:b663914144 . _:b663913321 . _:b666238084 . _:b663520158 "VHOG:0000054"^^ . _:b666238085 . _:b663913322 . _:b663914380 . _:b666208994 . _:b663913323 . _:b666238086 . _:b663914148 _:b663914147 . _:b663914154 _:b663914157 . _:b663914381 . _:b663914149 _:b663914148 . _:b663913316 . _:b666238087 . _:b665805635 . _:b663914382 . _:b663913317 . _:b666238080 . _:b665805634 . _:b663914383 . _:b666208993 . _:b663913318 . _:b666238081 . _:b663914376 . _:b663913319 . _:b666238082 . _:b665860452 . _:b665860444 . _:b663914377 . _:b663521056 . _:b663913312 . _:b666238083 . _:b665860747 . _:b665860447 . _:b663521057 . _:b663914378 . _:b665860451 . _:b666238204 . _:b663913313 . _:b665860446 . _:b665860454 . _:b665860746 . _:b663521058 . _:b663914379 . _:b665798866 . _:b663913314 . _:b665798854 . _:b663914372 . _:b663521059 . _:b665860458 . _:b663913315 . _:b665860453 . _:b665860440 . _:b663914373 . _:b663515863 . _:b666238207 . _:b663913308 . _:b663914374 . _:b665860443 . _:b665860456 . _:b663913309 . _:b665798876 . _:b665860450 . _:b665860650 "BTO:0000706"^^ . _:b665860442 . _:b665860750 . _:b663914375 . _:b663913310 . _:b665860439 . _:b663914368 . _:b663913311 . _:b665798857 . _:b665798062 . _:b663914369 . _:b665860437 . _:b663913304 . _:b663914370 . _:b665860438 . _:b666238196 . _:b663913305 . _:b663914371 . _:b663913306 . _:b666238197 . _:b666208630 "(forall (x) (if (Quality x) (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [055-001] " . _:b663520986 "UMLS:C0034896"^^ . _:b663914396 . _:b665798863 . _:b666238198 . _:b663913307 . _:b663914397 . _:b663913300 . _:b666238199 . _:b665862416 . _:b663914398 . _:b663913301 . _:b666238192 . _:b666209734 . _:b663914399 . _:b663913302 . _:b666238193 . _:b663914095 _:b663914096 . _:b665798071 . _:b663914392 . _:b663913303 . _:b666238194 . _:b665862419 . _:b665860467 . _:b663914393 . _:b663913296 . _:b666238195 . _:b663914394 . _:b663913297 . _:b666238188 . _:b663914395 . _:b663913298 . _:b666238189 . _:b663914106 _:b663914105 . _:b663914388 . _:b665860468 . _:b663913299 . _:b666238190 . _:b665860469 . _:b663914389 . _:b665860471 . _:b663913292 . _:b666238191 . _:b663914100 _:b663914103 . _:b665860470 . _:b663914107 _:b663914106 . _:b663914390 . _:b663913293 . _:b666238184 . _:b663516637 . _:b663914103 _:b663914102 . _:b663914391 . _:b663913294 . _:b666238185 . _:b665860475 . _:b663914384 . _:b663913295 . _:b666238186 . _:b663914104 _:b663914107 . _:b663914102 _:b663914101 . _:b663914385 . _:b663913288 . _:b666238187 . _:b665860472 . _:b663914386 . _:b663913289 . _:b666238180 . _:b663914387 . _:b665862132 . _:b665860478 . _:b666238181 . _:b663913290 . _:b665860651 . _:b663914412 . _:b665862131 . _:b663913291 . _:b666238182 . _:b663515919 "BTO:0000706"^^ . _:b663913308 "(forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt x y t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [021-002] " . _:b663914413 . _:b665860476 . _:b663913284 . _:b666238183 . _:b663914414 . _:b665860479 . _:b663520199 . _:b663913285 . _:b666238176 . _:b665860477 . _:b663520027 . _:b663914415 . _:b663913286 . _:b666238177 . _:b663914090 _:b663914089 . _:b663914408 . _:b663913287 . _:b666238178 . _:b665860473 . _:b663516605 . _:b663914409 . _:b663913280 . _:b666238179 . _:b665860474 . _:b663914091 _:b663914090 . _:b665860466 . _:b663914410 . _:b663913281 . _:b666238172 . _:b663914411 . _:b665861318 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_gastrointestinal_tract" . _:b663913282 . _:b666238173 . _:b663520028 . _:b663914080 _:b663914079 . _:b663914404 . _:b663913283 . _:b666238174 . _:b663914405 . _:b666238175 . _:b665862027 "(forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [020-002] " . _:b663914406 . _:b666238168 . _:b663914407 . _:b666238169 . _:b665860465 . _:b663914400 . _:b666238170 . _:b665860464 . _:b663914401 . _:b663520202 . _:b663520007 . _:b666238171 . _:b665860822 . _:b663516172 . _:b665863154 . _:b663914402 . _:b665860571 . _:b666238164 . _:b665860817 . _:b663914403 . _:b666238165 . _:b663914428 . _:b663914088 _:b663914091 . _:b666238166 . _:b663516197 . _:b665798048 . _:b665861113 . _:b663914429 . _:b666209684 "MGI:csmith"^^ . _:b666238167 . _:b663516198 . _:b663914430 . _:b663520010 . _:b666238160 . _:b663914431 . _:b663520009 . _:b666238161 . _:b665860460 . _:b663914424 . _:b663520008 . _:b666238162 . _:b663516615 . _:b663914425 . _:b666238163 . _:b663520014 . _:b666239180 "NCBITaxon:9606"^^ . _:b663914426 . _:b663520761 "(forall (x) (if (Role x) (RealizableEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [061-001] " . _:b666238156 . _:b663520015 . _:b665860194 . _:b663914427 . _:b666238157 . _:b663914420 . _:b666238158 . _:b665860457 . _:b663914421 . _:b665860560 . _:b666238159 . _:b665860463 . _:b663914422 . _:b665798010 "the terminal portion of the intestinal tube, terminating with the anus"^^ . _:b666238152 . _:b665860462 . _:b665860459 . _:b665806410 . _:b663914423 . _:b666238153 . _:b663914416 . _:b663914079 _:b663914078 . _:b666238154 . _:b663520219 . _:b663914077 _:b663914080 . _:b665860441 . _:b663914417 . _:b666238155 . _:b665798736 "ventriculus"^^ . _:b663914418 . _:b665860455 . _:b666238148 . _:b663913529 "ncithesaurus:Colon"^^ . _:b665797776 "(forall (x) (if (RealizableEntity x) (and (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (inheresIn x y)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [058-002] " . _:b665806414 . _:b663914419 . _:b665863137 . _:b666238149 . _:b663914316 . _:b666238150 . _:b665860461 . _:b665860445 . _:b663914317 . _:b665860943 . _:b666238151 . _:b663914318 . _:b663519949 "Continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example, in an expansion involving bringing in some of Ceuster's other portions of reality, questions are raised as to whether universals are continuants"@en . _:b666238144 . _:b665860449 . _:b665860448 . _:b663914319 . _:b665862983 "intestinum crassum cecum"^^ . _:b666238145 . _:b666209580 "Portion of alimentary canal with increased circular and longitudinal smooth muscle. Bounded posteriorly by the pyloric sphincter. Mucosal lining has increased folding.[AAO]"^^ . _:b663914312 . _:b666238146 . _:b663914313 . _:b666238147 . _:b663914314 . _:b663914315 . _:b663914308 . _:b665798931 "diverticulum of gut"^^ . _:b665797986 . _:b663914309 . _:b663914310 . _:b665861431 . _:b663914311 . _:b663520032 . _:b665861428 . _:b665797999 . _:b663914304 . _:b665861411 . _:b663520033 . _:b665862799 . _:b663520957 . _:b663914305 . _:b663520956 . _:b665861534 "ISBN:0815318960"^^ . _:b663914306 . _:b663914307 . _:b663914332 . _:b663914333 . _:b663520042 . _:b663914334 . _:b663520043 . _:b665860844 . _:b663914335 . _:b663520040 . _:b665862990 "AAO"^^ . _:b663914328 . _:b663520041 . _:b666209793 . _:b663914329 . _:b665860847 . _:b663914330 . _:b665860948 . _:b663914331 . _:b665860841 . _:b663520044 . _:b666238371 "MP:0000492"^^ . _:b663914324 . _:b663520045 . _:b663914325 . _:b663914326 . _:b663914327 . _:b663914320 . _:b665805771 . _:b663914321 . _:b665860195 . _:b666209512 . _:b663914322 . _:b663914323 . _:b665798011 . _:b663914348 . _:b663914349 . _:b665860854 . _:b663914350 . _:b663914351 . _:b665805541 . _:b663914344 . _:b665860839 . _:b665797991 . _:b663914345 . _:b665860838 . _:b666208780 . _:b663914346 . _:b663914347 . _:b666208781 . _:b663913346 . _:b663914340 . _:b663914341 . _:b665805788 . _:b663914342 . _:b663914343 . _:b666208790 . _:b663914336 . _:b663515765 "(forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [037-001] " . _:b665805532 . _:b663914337 . _:b663914338 . _:b663914339 . _:b666238870 "(forall (x t) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (SpatialRegion y) (spatiallyProjectsOntoAt x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [099-001] " . _:b663914364 . _:b663914365 . _:b663914366 . _:b666238526 . _:b663914367 . _:b665860757 . _:b663914360 . _:b663914361 . _:b665805776 . _:b663520802 "(iff (RelationalQuality a) (exists (b c t) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (IndependentContinuant c) (qualityOfAt a b t) (qualityOfAt a c t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [057-001] " . _:b665861472 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b663516570 . _:b663914362 . _:b663516571 . _:b663914363 . _:b665861536 "In fish, the divisions of the small intestine are not as clear, and the terms anterior intestine or proximal intestine may be used instead of duodenum."^^ . _:b665862954 "AAO"^^ . _:b665806133 "b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b\u2019s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003])"@en . _:b665860859 . _:b663914356 . _:b663914357 . _:b663914358 . _:b663914359 . _:b666208870 . _:b663914352 . _:b663914353 . _:b666208868 . _:b663914354 . _:b663520911 . _:b666208869 . _:b663914355 . _:b665860756 . _:b663914252 . _:b663914253 . _:b666238215 . _:b663914254 . _:b665798184 . _:b666238208 . _:b663914255 . _:b665798185 . _:b666238209 . _:b663914248 . _:b665861485 "cecum"^^ . _:b666238210 . _:b663914249 . _:b665861333 . _:b663914250 . _:b666208876 . _:b663914251 . _:b663520902 . _:b663914244 . _:b666208874 . _:b666238874 "p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003])"@en . _:b663914245 . _:b666239093 "VHOG:0000408"^^ . _:b666208875 . _:b665861329 . _:b663914246 . _:b663914247 . _:b666208873 . _:b665860773 . _:b663516590 . _:b666208886 . _:b663914240 . _:b663914241 . _:b663913432 . _:b663914242 . _:b663913433 . _:b663914243 . _:b663914268 . _:b665797930 . _:b663914269 . _:b663914270 . _:b663913429 . _:b665797940 . _:b663914271 . _:b663913430 . _:b663914264 . _:b663913769 _:b663913768 . _:b663913431 . _:b665805747 . _:b665797974 . _:b663914265 . _:b663913424 . _:b663913771 _:b663913770 . _:b663914266 . _:b665862280 . _:b663913772 _:b663913774 . _:b665798172 . _:b663914267 . _:b665798583 . _:b663914260 . _:b663914261 . _:b663913420 . _:b663516581 . _:b665797971 . _:b663914262 . _:b663913421 . _:b663913774 _:b663913773 . _:b663914263 . _:b663913762 _:b663913764 . _:b663913422 . _:b663516580 . _:b663914256 . _:b666208838 . _:b663516582 . _:b663913423 . _:b663521005 . _:b663914257 . _:b666208839 . _:b663516731 "AAO:0000145"^^ . _:b665862885 "A subdivision of the digestive tract that connects the small intestine to the cloaca or anus. Lacks or has few villi[Kardong]."^^ . _:b663521004 . _:b663914258 . _:b663913761 _:b663913760 . _:b666208837 . _:b663516579 . _:b663914259 . _:b663516576 . _:b663914284 . _:b663913766 _:b663913765 . _:b663913764 _:b663913763 . _:b663914285 . _:b666208577 "(forall (x) (if (Continuant x) (Entity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [008-002] " . _:b663913767 _:b663913769 . _:b663914286 . _:b665862941 "AAO"^^ . _:b665806522 "The first chamber in the alimentary canal of a ruminant stomach, composed of the rumen and reticulum."^^ . _:b663914287 . _:b665862715 "Each spatiotemporal region at any time t projects_onto some spatial region at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [099-001])"@en . _:b663913789 _:b663913788 . _:b663914280 . _:b663913791 _:b663913790 . _:b663914281 . _:b663914282 . _:b663520245 . _:b666238300 . _:b663914330 "distal intestine"^^ . _:b665861458 . _:b663516587 . _:b663520246 . _:b663914283 . _:b666238301 . _:b665805450 "url:http://www.health.state.ny.us/diseases/communicable/campylobacteriosis/fact_sheet.htm" . _:b663516944 . _:b663914276 . _:b663520247 . _:b666238302 . _:b663914277 . _:b663913786 _:b663913785 . _:b666208846 . _:b663913784 _:b663913783 . _:b663914278 . _:b663913787 _:b663913789 . _:b666238485 . _:b663914279 . _:b663913776 _:b663913775 . _:b663914272 . _:b663520243 . _:b666238298 . _:b663520989 . _:b663914273 . _:b663913781 _:b663913780 . _:b663520252 . _:b666238299 . _:b665862271 "The terminal region of the mid intestine is comprised of specialized enterocytes that appear to play a role in mucosal immunity. Wallace et al, 2005.[TAO]"^^ . _:b663914274 . _:b663913782 _:b663913784 . _:b663520253 . _:b666238292 . _:b663914275 . _:b663520254 . _:b666238293 . _:b663913779 _:b663913778 . _:b666208850 . _:b663914300 . _:b663520255 . _:b663913777 _:b663913779 . _:b663914301 . _:b663520248 . _:b663914302 . _:b663520249 . _:b663520979 . _:b663914303 . _:b663520250 . _:b666238289 . _:b663913731 _:b663913730 . _:b666238540 . _:b663914296 . _:b666208862 . _:b663520251 . _:b666238290 . _:b665862895 "AAO"^^ . _:b663914297 . _:b666238291 . _:b663520980 . _:b663914298 . _:b663913729 _:b663913728 . _:b666208861 . _:b663914299 . _:b663520982 . _:b663914292 . _:b663913734 _:b663913733 . _:b663913732 _:b663913731 . _:b663914293 . _:b663516556 "b is a process_profile =Def. there is some process c such that b process_profile_of c (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [093-002])"@en . _:b663914294 . _:b663914295 . _:b665805674 . _:b663914288 . _:b663913737 _:b663913736 . _:b663914289 . _:b663913738 _:b663913737 . _:b663913736 _:b663913735 . _:b663914290 . _:b663515984 "Tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach. In mammals, the oesophagus connects the buccal cavity with the stomach. The stratified squamous non-keratinised epithelium lining the buccal cavity is continued through the pharynx down into the oesophagus. The lowest part of the oesophagus (ca. 2 cm) is lined with gastric mucosa and covered by peritoneum. The main body of the oesophagus is lined with small, simple mucous glands. Each gland opens into the lumen by a long duct which pierces the muscularis mucosae (Wilson and Washington, 1989). A sphincter is situated at the point where the oesophagus enters the stomach to prevent gastro-oesophageal reflux, i.e. to prevent acidic gastric contents from reaching stratified epithelia of the oesophagus, where they can cause inflammation and irritation (Wilson and Washington, 1989; Brown et al., 1993)."^^ . _:b663516943 . _:b663913740 _:b663913739 . _:b663914291 . _:b663913741 _:b663913740 . _:b663914188 . _:b663913743 _:b663913742 . _:b663914189 . _:b663914190 . _:b666239068 . _:b663914191 . _:b665798595 . _:b663914184 . _:b663913750 _:b663913749 . _:b663914185 . _:b663913749 _:b663913748 . _:b665805664 . _:b663914186 . _:b666238396 . _:b663914187 . _:b663913746 _:b663913745 . _:b666238397 . _:b663913747 _:b663913746 . _:b663914180 . _:b666238398 . _:b663914181 . _:b663914182 . _:b663913745 _:b663913744 . _:b666238392 . _:b665805693 . _:b663913756 _:b663913755 . _:b663914183 . _:b663914176 . _:b666238394 . _:b663913759 _:b663913758 . _:b663914177 . _:b665861149 . _:b666238395 . _:b663914178 . _:b663913758 _:b663913757 . _:b666238388 . _:b663914179 . _:b663914204 . _:b666238963 . _:b663914205 . _:b665861145 . _:b663913754 _:b663913753 . _:b666238391 . _:b665805684 . _:b663913755 _:b663913754 . _:b663913752 _:b663913751 . _:b663516060 "NCBITaxon:9606"^^ . _:b663914206 . _:b666238384 . _:b663913852 _:b663913851 . _:b663914207 . _:b663913853 _:b663913852 . _:b666238385 . _:b663914200 . _:b666238386 . _:b663913855 _:b663913854 . _:b663914201 . _:b663516766 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b666238387 . _:b663914202 . _:b666238380 . _:b663914203 . _:b666238381 . _:b663914196 . _:b663913849 _:b663913848 . _:b666238382 . _:b663914197 . _:b663913850 _:b663913853 . _:b666238383 . _:b663914198 . _:b665798139 . _:b666238376 . _:b663913847 _:b663913846 . _:b663914199 . _:b665798554 "(forall (x) (if (ProcessBoundary x) (exists (y) (and (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion y) (occupiesTemporalRegion x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [085-002] " . _:b663913840 _:b663913839 . _:b663914192 . _:b663913846 _:b663913845 . _:b666238378 . _:b666238246 . _:b663913844 _:b663913843 . _:b663914193 . _:b665861133 . _:b666238379 . _:b665860622 . _:b663914194 . _:b666238372 . _:b663516154 . _:b663914195 . _:b666238373 . _:b663913843 _:b663913842 . _:b663914220 . _:b666238374 . _:b665860752 "UBERON:0001155"^^ . _:b663914221 . _:b663914222 . _:b663913841 _:b663913844 . _:b665805637 . _:b663914223 . _:b666238369 . _:b663913832 _:b663913835 . _:b663914216 . _:b665861130 . _:b663914217 . _:b663913834 _:b663913833 . _:b666238371 . _:b663913835 _:b663913834 . _:b663914218 . _:b663914219 . _:b663913837 _:b663913836 . _:b663914212 . _:b666238366 . _:b663914213 . _:b666238367 . _:b663914214 . _:b663913838 _:b663913837 . _:b666238466 . _:b666238360 . _:b663914215 . _:b663913826 _:b663913825 . _:b666238361 . _:b663914208 . _:b666238362 . _:b663520229 "UMLS:C0014876"^^ . _:b663914209 . _:b663914210 . _:b663913825 _:b663913824 . _:b663913831 _:b663913830 . _:b663914211 . _:b663913728 _:b663913727 . _:b663914236 . _:b665861182 . _:b666238358 . _:b663913828 _:b663913827 . _:b663914237 . _:b663913829 _:b663913828 . _:b666238359 . _:b663914238 . _:b665861176 . _:b663914239 . _:b665861179 . _:b663516609 . _:b665862258 . _:b663913808 _:b663913807 . _:b663914232 . _:b663914233 . _:b663913813 _:b663913812 . _:b663914234 . _:b663913814 _:b663913817 . _:b666238348 . _:b663913823 _:b663913826 . _:b666238886 "a quality is a specifically dependent continuant that, in contrast to roles and dispositions, does not require any further process in order to be realized. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [055-001])"@en . _:b663914235 . _:b663913810 _:b663913809 . _:b666238349 . _:b663914328 "VHOG:0000647"^^ . _:b663913811 _:b663913810 . _:b665805614 . _:b663914228 . _:b666238350 . _:b663914229 . _:b665861153 . _:b666238351 . _:b663914230 . _:b665798695 . _:b666238344 . _:b663913820 _:b663913819 . _:b663914231 . _:b665798696 . _:b666238345 . _:b663914224 . _:b666238346 . _:b663914225 . _:b665860753 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b666238347 . _:b663914226 . _:b663913822 _:b663913821 . _:b666238276 . _:b663914227 . _:b663914124 . _:b663913817 _:b663913816 . _:b663520745 . _:b663914125 . _:b666209512 . _:b663520744 . _:b666238343 . _:b663913819 _:b663913818 . _:b663913816 _:b663913815 . _:b663914126 . _:b666238209 . _:b663914127 . _:b663520746 . _:b663913794 _:b663913793 . _:b663913795 _:b663913794 . _:b663914120 . _:b663516751 "WP"^^ . _:b663914121 . _:b663913792 _:b663913795 . _:b663914122 . _:b665805601 . _:b663913799 _:b663913798 . _:b663914123 . _:b663914116 . _:b663913798 _:b663913797 . _:b663913796 _:b663913799 . _:b663914117 . _:b663914118 . _:b666238456 . _:b663516943 . _:b663914119 . _:b665862170 . _:b663914112 . _:b663913801 _:b663913800 . _:b663914113 . _:b663913805 _:b663913808 . _:b663913802 _:b663913801 . _:b663914114 . _:b663520743 . _:b666238452 . _:b665860575 . _:b663913804 _:b663913803 . _:b663914115 . _:b666238453 . _:b663914140 . _:b666209779 . _:b666238454 . _:b663913807 _:b663913806 . _:b665860940 . _:b663914141 . _:b666238455 . _:b665805419 "(forall (x) (if (MaterialEntity x) (IndependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [019-002] " . _:b663914142 . _:b666238458 . _:b665805621 . _:b663914143 . _:b663913858 _:b663913857 . _:b666238449 . _:b665860489 . _:b663913859 _:b663913862 . _:b663914136 . _:b665860488 . _:b666238450 . _:b663914137 . _:b666238451 . _:b666238461 . _:b665797843 . _:b663914138 . _:b665860490 . _:b666238444 . _:b663914139 . _:b665860779 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b666238463 . _:b666238445 . _:b663914132 . _:b666239130 "NCBITaxon:8782"^^ . _:b663913862 _:b663913861 . _:b666238446 . _:b665860902 . _:b663914133 . _:b663913861 _:b663913860 . _:b665860903 . _:b663914134 . _:b666238440 . _:b663914135 . _:b666239129 "NCBITaxon:8782"^^ . _:b666238441 . _:b663516944 . _:b663914128 . _:b663913865 _:b663913864 . _:b666238442 . _:b663914129 . _:b665860890 . _:b666238443 . _:b663913867 _:b663913866 . _:b663913864 _:b663913863 . _:b663914130 . _:b665860739 "cecum"^^ . _:b666238436 . _:b665861624 . _:b663913868 _:b663913871 . _:b663914131 . _:b666238437 . _:b663914156 . _:b666238408 . _:b663913871 _:b663913870 . _:b665798106 . _:b663914157 . _:b665860487 . _:b663914158 . _:b663913870 _:b663913869 . _:b666238432 . _:b663913879 _:b663913878 . _:b663914159 . _:b663913877 _:b663913880 . _:b666238433 . _:b665860788 "ISBN:0815318960"^^ . _:b663914152 . _:b666238434 . _:b663913876 _:b663913875 . _:b663914153 . _:b666209610 _:b666209611 . _:b666238435 . _:b665861586 . _:b663914154 . _:b665860937 . _:b663913225 "Every occurrent occupies_spatiotemporal_region some spatiotemporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [108-001])"@en . _:b663914155 . _:b663913874 _:b663913873 . _:b666208938 "MGI:csmith"^^ . _:b663913886 _:b663913890 . _:b663914148 . _:b666238430 . _:b663913430 . _:b663914149 . _:b666238431 . _:b663914150 . _:b663913873 _:b663913872 . _:b666209603 _:b666209604 . _:b666238424 . _:b663515774 "(forall (x) (if (Role x) (RealizableEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [061-001] " . _:b663914151 . _:b663913885 _:b663913884 . _:b666238425 . _:b663914144 . _:b666238426 . _:b663914145 . _:b666209601 _:b666209602 . _:b666239124 "A pouch in the digestive tract that connects the ileum with the ascending colon of the large intestine. It is separated from the ileum by the ileocecal valve, and is the beginning of the large intestine. It is also separated from the colon by the cecocolic junction."^^ . _:b663914146 . _:b666238396 "TAO"^^ . _:b666238420 . _:b663914147 . _:b666238407 . _:b666238421 . _:b665860600 . _:b663914172 . _:b666238422 . _:b663914173 . _:b663913882 _:b663913881 . _:b666238423 . _:b665805588 . _:b663913883 _:b663913882 . _:b663913880 _:b663913879 . _:b663914174 . _:b665798185 "diverticulum of gut"^^ . _:b663914175 . _:b663914168 . _:b663913897 _:b663913896 . _:b663914169 . _:b663913899 _:b663913898 . _:b663913896 _:b663913895 . _:b663914170 . _:b665798005 "4"^^ . _:b663913900 _:b663913904 . _:b663914171 . _:b663913888 _:b663913887 . _:b663914164 . _:b663913903 _:b663913902 . _:b665861575 . _:b663914165 . _:b666209626 _:b666209627 . _:b666209489 . _:b663914166 . _:b663913902 _:b663913901 . . _:b663914167 . _:b663913890 _:b663913889 . _:b665861584 . _:b665861572 . _:b663914160 . _:b663914161 . _:b663914162 . _:b665805816 _:b665805822 . _:b663913889 _:b663913888 . _:b663914163 . _:b665805542 . _:b663914060 . _:b663515978 . _:b663913894 _:b663913893 . _:b663913892 _:b663913891 . _:b663515841 . _:b665863098 . _:b663913893 _:b663913892 . _:b663914061 . _:b663914062 . _:b663516945 _:b663516951 . _:b663913916 _:b663913919 . _:b665861594 . _:b663914063 . _:b663914056 . _:b663913919 _:b663913918 . _:b665861581 . _:b663914057 . _:b663914058 . _:b663913918 _:b663913917 . _:b663914059 . _:b663914052 . _:b665860860 . _:b665861531 . . _:b663914053 . _:b665806439 "MP:0002581"^^ . _:b663914054 . _:b666238955 "A disease is a disposition (i) to undergo pathological processes that (ii) exists in an organism because of one or more disorders in that organism." . _:b663914055 . _:b663913904 _:b663913903 . _:b663914048 . _:b663914049 . _:b663914050 . _:b663914051 . _:b663913907 _:b663913906 . _:b663913856 _:b663913855 . _:b663914076 . _:b663913905 _:b663913907 . _:b665861276 "A material entity is an independent continuant that has some portion of matter as proper or improper continuant part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [019-002])"@en . _:b663914077 . _:b665798731 "AAO:0000579"^^ . _:b663914078 . _:b663914079 . _:b663913986 "Temporal region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of a temporal instant and a temporal interval that doesn't overlap the instant. In this case the resultant temporal region is neither 0-dimensional nor 1-dimensional"@en . _:b663913941 _:b663913940 . _:b663914072 . _:b663913942 _:b663913941 . _:b665862680 "if b is a continuant and if, for some t, cis continuant_part of b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [009-002])"@en . _:b663914073 . _:b663913936 _:b663913935 . _:b663914074 . _:b665861448 "An expanded region of the vertebrate alimentary tract that serves as a food storage compartment and digestive organ. A stomach is lined, in whole or in part by a glandular epithelium."^^ . _:b663913937 _:b663913934 . _:b663913942 _:b663913939 . _:b663914075 . _:b663913948 _:b663913950 . _:b663913951 _:b663913953 . _:b663914068 . _:b666208703 . _:b663914069 . _:b665805621 . _:b666209687 "distal intestine"^^ . _:b663914070 . _:b663913937 _:b663913936 . _:b666238504 . _:b663914071 . _:b666238505 . _:b663914064 . _:b666238506 . _:b663914065 . _:b663914066 . _:b663913950 _:b663913949 . _:b666238139 "(forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [037-001] " . _:b663913947 _:b663913944 . . _:b663520040 "A material entity is an independent continuant that has some portion of matter as proper or improper continuant part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [019-002])"@en . _:b663914067 . . _:b663913946 _:b663913945 . _:b663914092 . _:b665862964 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b663914093 . _:b663913947 _:b663913946 . _:b663914094 . _:b663914095 . _:b665806439 "the portion of the small intestine that extends from the jejunum to the colon"^^ . _:b663913922 _:b663913921 . _:b663515958 . _:b663913923 _:b663913922 . _:b663914088 . _:b665860202 . _:b665861511 . _:b665860590 . _:b663914089 . _:b663913920 _:b663913923 . _:b663914090 . _:b663913927 _:b663913926 . _:b663914091 . _:b665860197 . _:b665860726 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b663914084 . _:b663913926 _:b663913925 . _:b666209579 . _:b663913924 _:b663913927 . _:b663914085 . _:b665860539 "a one-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a continuous fiat line whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [032-001])"@en . _:b663914086 . _:b665805533 . _:b663914087 . _:b663913931 _:b663913930 . _:b663914080 . _:b666209510 . _:b663520128 . _:b665861566 . _:b663914081 . _:b663914082 . _:b663516126 . _:b663515961 . _:b663913932 _:b663913931 . _:b665798034 "The last portion of the digestive system, it extracts water and salt from solid wastes before they are eliminated from the body.[AAO]"^^ . _:b663914083 . _:b665861307 . _:b663520003 "(forall (x t) (if (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (bearerOfAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [060-002] " . _:b663914108 . _:b665861564 . _:b663914109 . _:b663913932 _:b663913929 . _:b663914110 . _:b663914111 . _:b665805425 "a one-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a continuous fiat line whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [032-001])"@en . _:b665861561 . _:b663914104 . _:b663914105 . _:b663914106 . . _:b663914107 . _:b663914100 . _:b665797940 . _:b663914101 . _:b663914102 . _:b665798534 "b is a fiat object part = Def. b is a material entity which is such that for all times t, if b exists at t then there is some object c such that b proper continuant_part of c at t and c is demarcated from the remainder of c by a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [027-004])"@en . _:b663914103 . _:b663520400 . _:b663914096 . _:b665863153 . _:b663914097 . _:b663914098 . _:b666238255 . _:b663914099 . _:b665797939 . _:b663913996 . _:b666208862 "intestinum rectum"^^ . _:b663913997 . _:b663913998 . _:b663913999 . _:b663913992 . _:b663913993 . _:b665797930 . _:b663913994 . _:b663913995 . _:b665860941 . _:b663914161 . _:b663913988 . _:b663913989 . _:b663515830 . _:b663913990 . _:b665806104 "(forall (x) (if (TemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [100-001] " . _:b663913991 . _:b666238332 . _:b663913954 _:b663913956 . _:b666239126 "ncithesaurus:Cecum"^^ . _:b663913984 . _:b665798878 . _:b665861152 . _:b663913985 . _:b663913986 . _:b666238335 . _:b663913953 _:b663913952 . _:b665863029 "NCBITaxon:9606"^^ . _:b663913987 . _:b663515824 . _:b663914012 . _:b663515825 . _:b663913584 "distal intestine"^^ . _:b663913956 _:b663913955 . _:b663914013 . _:b665798883 . _:b665861418 "1"^^ . _:b663914014 . _:b663515836 . _:b663913596 _:b663913595 . _:b665861419 "1"^^ . _:b663914015 . _:b663914008 . _:b666238422 "TAO"^^ . _:b663914009 . _:b663515834 . _:b663914010 . _:b666238572 . _:b663913665 . _:b666208686 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infectious_disease" . _:b663914011 . _:b663913595 _:b663913594 . _:b663515835 . _:b663914004 . _:b663515833 . _:b663516158 . _:b663914005 . _:b663913588 _:b663913591 . _:b665805452 . _:b663914006 . _:b663913990 "(forall (r) (if (TemporalRegion r) (occupiesTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [119-002] " . _:b665805453 . _:b663913591 _:b663913590 . _:b663515887 . _:b663914007 . _:b665805450 . _:b663913593 _:b663913596 . _:b663914000 . _:b665861569 . _:b665805451 . _:b663913590 _:b663913589 . _:b663914001 . _:b666238571 . _:b665861414 "1"^^ . _:b663914002 . _:b663914003 . _:b665860569 . _:b663914028 . _:b665798898 . _:b665861413 "1"^^ . _:b665805447 . _:b663914029 . _:b663914030 . _:b663520360 . . _:b663914031 . _:b665805442 . _:b663914024 . _:b663516807 . _:b663914025 . _:b663914026 . _:b665805441 . _:b663914027 . _:b663520365 . _:b665798901 . _:b663914020 . _:b665861128 . _:b663914021 . _:b663914022 . _:b663914023 . _:b663914016 . _:b663516815 . _:b665861120 . _:b663914017 . _:b663914018 . _:b663914019 . _:b663914044 . _:b665861132 . _:b663914045 . _:b665861123 . _:b663516905 . _:b663516808 . _:b663914046 . _:b666238128 "p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003])"@en . _:b666238334 . _:b663516809 . _:b663914047 . _:b665861129 . _:b666238545 . _:b665805458 . _:b663914040 . _:b666238546 . _:b663914041 . _:b665861122 . _:b663520383 . _:b663914042 . _:b663520380 . _:b663914043 . _:b665805422 . _:b665861151 . _:b665798011 . _:b663516818 . _:b665798965 "2024-09-28T12:16:32.775407"^^ . _:b663914036 . _:b665861121 . _:b663914037 . _:b665797849 . _:b663516816 . _:b663914038 . _:b663516817 . _:b663914039 . _:b665861124 . _:b665861147 . _:b666238327 . _:b663914032 . _:b665861125 . _:b663914033 . _:b663913546 _:b663913547 . _:b665862973 "A pouch in the digestive tract that connects the ileum with the ascending colon of the large intestine. It is separated from the ileum by the ileocecal valve, and is the beginning of the large intestine. It is also separated from the colon by the cecocolic junction."^^ . _:b663516828 . _:b663914034 . _:b665798000 . _:b663914035 . _:b665860574 . _:b666238533 . _:b665861143 . _:b663516826 . _:b665797999 . _:b665861148 . _:b663516827 . _:b663515972 "AAO:0000579"^^ . _:b663516824 . _:b663520405 . _:b666238528 . _:b665797998 . _:b663516825 . _:b663913599 _:b663913602 . _:b665805406 . _:b665805426 . _:b665798589 . _:b665805410 . _:b665805407 . _:b665861144 . _:b663913581 "the portion of the small intestine that extends from the jejunum to the colon"^^ . _:b665861331 . _:b665805425 . _:b666238289 . _:b666238290 . _:b666238291 . _:b663913543 _:b663913542 . _:b666238292 . _:b663913982 "A spatial region is a continuant entity that is a continuant_part_of spaceR as defined relative to some frame R. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [035-001])"@en . _:b665805398 . _:b663913541 _:b663913544 . _:b666238293 . _:b663520015 "(forall (x) (if (Role x) (RealizableEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [061-001] " . _:b663520408 . _:b663913957 "Entity doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example Werner Ceusters 'portions of reality' include 4 sorts, entities (as BFO construes them), universals, configurations, and relations. It is an open question as to whether entities as construed in BFO will at some point also include these other portions of reality. See, for example, 'How to track absolutely everything' at http://www.referent-tracking.com/_RTU/papers/CeustersICbookRevised.pdf"@en . _:b665797987 . _:b665797986 . _:b665797837 . _:b663913544 _:b663913543 . _:b665797985 . _:b663516492 "Each spatiotemporal region at any time t projects_onto some spatial region at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [099-001])"@en . _:b665805432 . _:b666238557 . _:b665805431 . _:b665805431 . _:b665805387 "b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b\u2019s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003])"@en . _:b666238554 . _:b666238133 "(forall (x) (if (Disposition x) (and (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (bearerOfAt x y t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [062-002] " . _:b665806083 "Every occurrent occupies_spatiotemporal_region some spatiotemporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [108-001])"@en . _:b666208683 "A zero-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is without extent. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [102-001])"@en . _:b663516918 . _:b665860459 "(forall (x t) (if (and (IndependentContinuant x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (Entity y) (specificallyDependsOnAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [018-002] " . _:b665805427 . _:b663521146 . _:b665805392 . _:b665805393 . _:b663515711 "if b is a continuant and if, for some t, cis continuant_part of b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [009-002])"@en . _:b665798950 . _:b665806363 "intestinum rectum"^^ . _:b665805387 . _:b663913534 _:b663913533 . _:b665861327 . _:b663913535 _:b663913534 . _:b666238233 . _:b666238222 . _:b665805396 . _:b665805406 . _:b665805397 . _:b665805398 . _:b663516093 . _:b666209413 "b is a continuant fiat boundary = Def. b is an immaterial entity that is of zero, one or two dimensions and does not include a spatial region as part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [029-001])"@en . _:b665805399 . _:b663516878 . _:b666208862 "BTO:0001158"^^ . _:b665863051 "posterior intestine"^^ . _:b666209053 . _:b663516877 . _:b663913532 _:b663913535 . _:b665805545 "ncithesaurus:Intestine"^^ . _:b665805400 . _:b663519997 . _:b665861327 . _:b665798072 . _:b663519999 . _:b666238217 . _:b665860752 "AAO"^^ . _:b665798073 . _:b663519998 . _:b665861331 . _:b666208635 "b is a role means: b is a realizable entity & b exists because there is some single bearer that is in some special physical, social, or institutional set of circumstances in which this bearer does not have to be& b is not such that, if it ceases to exist, then the physical make-up of the bearer is thereby changed. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [061-001])"@en . _:b665860716 "AAO"^^ . _:b665798071 . _:b666238140 "a quality is a specifically dependent continuant that, in contrast to roles and dispositions, does not require any further process in order to be realized. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [055-001])"@en . _:b665861323 . _:b666239141 "UBERON:0001155"^^ . _:b665798062 . _:b665805788 . _:b665798061 . _:b665861322 . _:b665861325 . _:b665861324 . _:b665861467 . _:b663520822 . _:b663914314 "upper intestine"^^ . _:b665860657 . _:b665860658 . _:b663913487 _:b663913488 . _:b666238890 "b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b\u2019s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003])"@en . _:b665805371 . _:b665861456 . _:b666238208 "A gastrointestinal system infectious disease that involves inflammation of the lining of the stomach and small and large intestines, which is caused by viruses, bacteria, or parasites. Chemicals and drugs also cause gastroenteritis. The symptoms include diarrhea, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, cramps, and discomfort in the abdomen." . _:b663515988 "UMLS:C0014876"^^ . _:b665805395 . _:b665805394 . _:b663913687 _:b663913686 . _:b666238263 . _:b665860648 . _:b666209474 . _:b663913686 _:b663913685 . _:b663913691 _:b663913694 . _:b663913537 . _:b663913681 _:b663913680 . _:b663913682 _:b663913681 . _:b663516722 . _:b665805427 . _:b663516723 . _:b663516721 . _:b665805430 . _:b665798036 . _:b663516734 . _:b663520032 "A function is a disposition that exists in virtue of the bearer\u2019s physical make-up and this physical make-up is something the bearer possesses because it came into being, either through evolution (in the case of natural biological entities) or through intentional design (in the case of artifacts), in order to realize processes of a certain sort. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [064-001])"@en . _:b665805335 . _:b665805428 . _:b663913693 _:b663913692 . _:b663520830 . _:b665805334 . _:b665805429 . _:b663913694 _:b663913693 . _:b665805441 "A bacterial infectious disease that results_in infection by bacteria as a result of their presence or activity within the normal, healthy host, and their intrinsic virulence is, in part, a necessary consequence of their need to reproduce and spread." . _:b665798034 . _:b665805337 . _:b665805336 . _:b665798035 . _:b665805339 . _:b663914043 "(forall (x) (if (Function x) (Disposition x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [064-001] " . _:b663913684 _:b663913687 . _:b663516763 "3"^^ . _:b665805338 . _:b665805340 . _:b665861308 . _:b663913671 _:b663913670 . _:b663913679 _:b663913682 . _:b663516674 . _:b663913670 _:b663913669 . _:b663913288 "(forall (x) (if (ObjectAggregate x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y z) (and (Object y) (Object z) (memberPartOfAt y x t) (memberPartOfAt z x t) (not (= y z)))))) (not (exists (w t_1) (and (memberPartOfAt w x t_1) (not (Object w)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [025-004] " . _:b665861304 . _:b665805341 . _:b665806548 . _:b665798018 . _:b663913668 _:b663913671 . _:b665860703 "AAO"^^ . _:b665805380 . _:b665797947 . _:b663913724 _:b663913723 . _:b665805377 . _:b663913725 _:b663913724 . _:b663913727 _:b663913726 . _:b665805379 . _:b665806531 . _:b665805378 . _:b663913721 _:b663913725 . _:b665805588 . _:b663913723 _:b663913722 . _:b663913720 _:b663913719 . _:b663913719 _:b663913718 . . _:b663913716 _:b663913720 . _:b663913718 _:b663913717 . _:b665861473 . _:b665860643 . _:b665860429 . _:b665861250 "b is a role means: b is a realizable entity & b exists because there is some single bearer that is in some special physical, social, or institutional set of circumstances in which this bearer does not have to be& b is not such that, if it ceases to exist, then the physical make-up of the bearer is thereby changed. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [061-001])"@en . _:b665860729 . _:b665798544 "(forall (x) (if (ThreeDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [040-001] " . _:b666208941 "distal intestine"^^ . _:b663913706 _:b663913705 . _:b663913707 _:b663913706 . _:b665861780 . _:b663913708 _:b663913707 . _:b663913709 _:b663913708 . _:b663516770 . _:b665806334 . _:b666238101 "(forall (x t) (if (IndependentContinuant x) (exists (r) (and (SpatialRegion r) (locatedInAt x r t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [134-001] " . _:b665797914 . _:b663913697 _:b663913700 . _:b663913710 _:b663913709 . _:b665860717 "The few structural specializations in (adult lampreys) pharynx include complex valves on the external gill openings that direct the tidal flow, and the division of the ancestral pharynx into an oesophagus and a respiratory pharynx.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663913699 _:b663913698 . _:b665861789 . _:b665860718 . _:b665860716 . _:b663520846 . _:b665860717 . _:b663913700 _:b663913699 . _:b663913601 _:b663913600 . _:b663913602 _:b663913601 . _:b663520111 . _:b663913607 _:b663913606 . _:b665861767 . _:b665860657 "AAO"^^ . _:b663913606 _:b663913605 . _:b665861761 . _:b665860432 . _:b665862352 . _:b665860705 . _:b665860704 . _:b666239169 "VHOG:0000055"^^ . _:b663516798 . _:b666238444 . _:b665862053 . _:b665860435 . _:b663913604 _:b663913607 . _:b663516796 . _:b666238445 . _:b666238446 . _:b663516797 . _:b665860703 . _:b665806279 . _:b666238440 . _:b666238441 . _:b666238904 "A three-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of three dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [040-001])"@en . _:b666238442 . _:b665861771 . _:b666238443 . _:b663913620 _:b663913619 . _:b665798090 . _:b666238352 . _:b663516633 . _:b663913619 _:b663913618 . _:b663520848 . _:b663913628 _:b663913627 . _:b663913209 . _:b665863026 . _:b665797994 . _:b663913617 _:b663913620 . _:b665798081 . _:b663913627 _:b663913624 . _:b663913626 _:b663913625 . _:b663516746 . _:b663913206 . _:b666208525 . _:b663913627 _:b663913626 . _:b663913623 _:b663913628 . _:b665861816 . _:b663516745 . _:b663913640 _:b663913639 . _:b663516758 . _:b663913641 _:b663913640 . _:b663516759 . _:b663913203 . _:b665806288 . _:b663913638 _:b663913641 . _:b663516757 . _:b663516754 . _:b665861798 . _:b663516752 . _:b663913645 _:b663913644 . _:b663913646 _:b663913645 . _:b663516753 . _:b663521068 "lower intestine"^^ . _:b663912971 . _:b665861807 . _:b665860799 . _:b663516760 . _:b663913643 _:b663913646 . _:b663913662 _:b663913661 . _:b665860915 . _:b663913663 _:b663913662 . _:b665860790 . _:b665806494 "FMA:71131"^^ . _:b663913649 _:b663913652 . _:b665860791 . _:b665806495 "FMA:71131"^^ . _:b665860789 . _:b666238844 . _:b666209364 "b is a disposition means: b is a realizable entity & b\u2019s bearer is some material entity & b is such that if it ceases to exist, then its bearer is physically changed, & b\u2019s realization occurs when and because this bearer is in some special physical circumstances, & this realization occurs in virtue of the bearer\u2019s physical make-up. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [062-002])"@en . _:b663913656 _:b663913655 . _:b666238845 . _:b663913657 _:b663913656 . _:b666238846 . _:b666238847 . _:b663913654 _:b663913657 . _:b666209366 "(forall (x t) (if (and (RealizableEntity x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (specificallyDepends x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [063-002] " . _:b666238840 . _:b665797869 . _:b665861843 . _:b666238841 . _:b666238842 . _:b665798676 "VHOG:0000054"^^ . _:b663913632 _:b663913633 . _:b663913652 _:b663913651 . _:b663521037 "UMLS:C0021852"^^ . _:b666238843 . _:b665861852 . _:b666238836 . _:b665797865 . _:b663913660 _:b663913663 . _:b666238837 . _:b665860780 . _:b665797967 . _:b666238838 . _:b663913651 _:b663913650 . _:b665797964 . _:b666238839 . _:b665861311 "url:http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec09/ch122/ch122a.html" . _:b663912976 . _:b666238832 . _:b663515795 "(forall (x) (if (ProcessBoundary x) (exists (y) (and (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion y) (occupiesTemporalRegion x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [085-002] " . _:b665862218 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b666238833 . _:b665797652 . _:b665860779 . _:b666238834 . _:b663516048 "TAO"^^ . _:b666238835 . _:b663515977 "ventriculus"^^ . _:b666238828 . _:b666238829 . _:b665806422 "NCBITaxon:32443"^^ . _:b666238830 . _:b666238515 . _:b665861825 . _:b666238831 . _:b666238826 . _:b666238827 . _:b663515936 "1"^^ . _:b666238894 "(forall (x) (if (Role x) (RealizableEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [061-001] " . _:b663515937 "1"^^ . _:b665861834 . _:b666238301 "VHOG:0000056"^^ . _:b663515942 "1"^^ . _:b666208631 "(forall (x) (if (exists (t) (and (existsAt x t) (Quality x))) (forall (t_1) (if (existsAt x t_1) (Quality x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [105-001] " . _:b665861876 . _:b665861894 . _:b665797633 . _:b665861879 . _:b663515941 "1"^^ . _:b663520334 . _:b665860752 . _:b663521057 "intestinum jejunum"^^ . _:b665861897 . _:b665860754 . _:b665860753 . _:b665861890 . _:b663515746 "Each spatiotemporal region at any time t projects_onto some spatial region at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [099-001])"@en . _:b665861893 . _:b666209524 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b665861889 . _:b665797642 . _:b665861898 . _:b665797685 . _:b666208807 . _:b666208804 . _:b665797681 . _:b666208803 . _:b665861862 . _:b665806188 . _:b666238398 . _:b665798575 "a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary (surface) is a self-connected fiat surface whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [033-001])"@en . _:b665860736 . _:b666238397 . _:b663914327 "the portion of the small intestine that extends from the jejunum to the colon"^^ . _:b666238396 . _:b665806144 . _:b666238533 . _:b665806187 . _:b666238395 . _:b666238394 . _:b663516433 _:b663516437 . _:b665797689 . _:b666238392 . _:b666238391 . _:b666208808 . _:b663516438 _:b663516442 . _:b665805309 _:b665805313 . _:b665797669 . _:b665860544 "(iff (ProcessProfile a) (exists (b) (and (Process b) (processProfileOf a b)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [093-002] " . _:b663914187 "1"^^ . _:b665806178 . _:b665806177 . _:b665805442 "url:https://www.foodsafety.gov/poisoning/causes/bacteriaviruses/salmonella" . _:b665806445 "posterior intestine"^^ . _:b666238908 . _:b665861657 . _:b665806177 . _:b663913557 "BTO:0000651"^^ . _:b666208651 "b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001])"@en . _:b665806125 . _:b666238909 . _:b665806124 . _:b666238910 . _:b665861660 . _:b666238911 . _:b665806204 . _:b663516428 _:b663516432 . _:b663914188 "1"^^ . _:b665797666 . _:b665806126 . _:b665861972 "(forall (r) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [107-002] " . _:b663516802 "3"^^ . _:b666238904 . _:b666238905 . _:b663516812 "3"^^ . _:b666238906 . _:b665806123 . _:b666238907 . _:b663516423 _:b663516427 . _:b666238900 . _:b666209616 "cecum"^^ . _:b663913321 "a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary (surface) is a self-connected fiat surface whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [033-001])"@en . _:b666238901 . _:b665806198 . _:b666238902 . _:b665806199 . _:b665806152 . _:b666238903 . _:b665806196 . _:b665806153 . _:b666238896 . _:b665806197 . _:b663516821 "3"^^ . _:b666238897 . _:b666238898 . _:b665860759 . _:b666238899 . _:b665797718 . _:b666238892 . _:b665806193 . _:b666238893 . _:b665797712 . _:b663520098 . _:b666238894 . _:b665797715 . _:b666208930 "VHOG:0000053"^^ . _:b666238300 . _:b665806172 . _:b666238895 . _:b665806156 . _:b666238301 . _:b665798695 . _:b666238888 . _:b666238302 . _:b666238889 . _:b665806144 . _:b665806171 . _:b666238890 . _:b665806145 . _:b663914192 "1"^^ . _:b666238891 . _:b665798690 . _:b665806146 . _:b665806152 . _:b666238884 . _:b663914193 "1"^^ . _:b666238298 . _:b666238885 . _:b665806339 "gaster"^^ . _:b666238299 . _:b665798689 . _:b666238886 . _:b666238112 "Every temporal region t is such that t occupies_temporal_region t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [119-002])"@en . _:b665798120 . _:b666238887 . _:b665860762 . _:b666238880 . _:b665798700 . _:b666238881 . _:b665798701 . _:b666238882 . _:b666238883 . _:b666238876 . _:b665798696 . _:b666238877 . _:b666238878 . _:b665798130 . _:b666238879 . _:b666208834 "Portion of alimentary canal with increased circular and longitudinal smooth muscle. Bounded posteriorly by the pyloric sphincter. Mucosal lining has increased folding.[AAO]"^^ . _:b665798117 . _:b666238872 . _:b665806173 . _:b665806141 . _:b666208798 . _:b665798122 . _:b666238873 . _:b665806140 . _:b666208799 . _:b666238874 . _:b666238875 . _:b665806168 . _:b663520853 . _:b665861692 . _:b666238868 . _:b665798704 . _:b666238869 . _:b665860761 . _:b665798705 . _:b666238870 . _:b666208792 . _:b663516067 "MP:0004002"^^ . _:b666238871 . _:b666208793 . _:b666238864 . _:b666238865 . _:b663914310 "NCBITaxon:32443"^^ . _:b663913576 "mid-intestine"^^ . _:b665860808 . _:b666238866 . _:b666238867 . _:b666238860 . _:b666238861 . _:b666238862 . _:b666239305 . _:b666238863 . _:b666238207 "url:http://www.health.state.ny.us/diseases/communicable/campylobacteriosis/fact_sheet.htm" . _:b666238856 . _:b665798663 . _:b666238857 . _:b666238858 . _:b666238859 . _:b665798818 . _:b666238852 . _:b665798111 . _:b665798819 . _:b666238853 . _:b665798816 . _:b666238854 . _:b665806128 "(forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [037-001] " . _:b665798817 . _:b666238855 . _:b665798108 . _:b665798822 . _:b666238848 . _:b665806117 . _:b665862244 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b665860775 . _:b665806174 . _:b666238849 . _:b665798820 . _:b665806175 . _:b666238850 . _:b665798821 . _:b665862068 . _:b666238851 . _:b665806173 . _:b665860771 . _:b665862071 . _:b666239288 . _:b665860768 . _:b665862070 . _:b665862069 . _:b663520312 . _:b663520313 . _:b665861498 "AAO"^^ . _:b663520308 . _:b663913348 . _:b665806142 . _:b665860776 . _:b663520309 . _:b665806133 . _:b665806143 . _:b663520310 . _:b666238961 . _:b663520311 . _:b666238956 . _:b663520498 . _:b663520307 . _:b663913405 . _:b663520499 . _:b665861705 . _:b665861697 . _:b666238443 "ncithesaurus:Jejunum"^^ . _:b663520496 . _:b665798047 . _:b663520497 . _:b663515713 "(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (continuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [009-002] " . _:b666238953 . _:b663520502 . _:b665862092 . _:b665798885 . _:b666238954 . _:b663520974 "esophagus NOT part of gut in MA. part of gut in ZFA. part_of gut (via UGIT) in FMA. Consider splitting. Interspecies: The human oesophagus is 25 cm long and has a diameter of ca. 2 cm. Only little information was found on the oesophagus in rat, rabbit and pig. The oesophagus of rat (75 x 2 mm) and rabbit has no mucous glands and the cardia of the stomach has a well-developed sphincter, which prevents them from vomiting (Hebel and Stromberg, 1988; Manning et al., 1994). Morphologically the oesophagus is similar in man and pig; both are omnivores and have a non-keratinised epithelium, submucous glands and similar membrane enzymes. Like in humans, pigs can suffer from reflux oesophagitis and stress ulceration of the oesophagus. The pig oesophagus may therefore be a good model for investigation compared to the human oesophagus (Christie et al., 1995)"^^ . _:b663520503 . _:b665860572 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_gastrointestinal_tract" . _:b666238955 . _:b663520500 . _:b665862073 . _:b663520501 . _:b665862208 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b663516519 "b is a role means: b is a realizable entity & b exists because there is some single bearer that is in some special physical, social, or institutional set of circumstances in which this bearer does not have to be& b is not such that, if it ceases to exist, then the physical make-up of the bearer is thereby changed. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [061-001])"@en . _:b663520506 . _:b665861449 "AAO"^^ . _:b665861702 . _:b666238950 . _:b665806087 . _:b663520507 . _:b665860699 . _:b663520504 . _:b665862077 . _:b666238944 . _:b663520505 . _:b666238945 . _:b663520510 . _:b665861698 . _:b663520511 . _:b665860736 "A cecum is present in most amniote species, and also in lungfish, but not in any living species of amphibian. In reptiles, it is usually a single median structure, arising from the dorsal side of the large intestine. Birds typically have two paired ceca, as, unlike other mammals, do hyraxes. Most mammalian herbivores have a relatively large cecum, hosting a large number of bacteria, which aid in the enzymatic breakdown of plant materials such as cellulose; in many species, it is considerably wider than the colon. In contrast, obligatory carnivores, whose diets contain little or no plant material, have a reduced cecum, which is often partially or wholly replaced by the vermiform appendix. Many fish have a number of small outpocketings, called pyloric ceca, along their intestine; despite the name they are not homologous with the cecum of amniotes, and their purpose is to increase the overall area of the digestive epithelium.[2] Some invertebrates, such as squid,[3] may also have structures with the same name, but these have no relationship with those of vertebrates."^^ . _:b663520508 . _:b666209418 "b is a process_profile =Def. there is some process c such that b process_profile_of c (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [093-002])"@en . _:b666238940 . _:b663520509 . _:b665806081 . _:b665861751 . _:b666238941 . _:b663520482 . _:b665806080 . _:b666238942 . _:b663520483 . _:b665806083 . _:b665806176 . _:b666238943 . _:b663520480 . _:b665806082 . _:b666238936 . _:b663520481 . _:b665806197 "A gastrointestinal system infectious disease that involves inflammation of the lining of the stomach and small and large intestines, which is caused by viruses, bacteria, or parasites. Chemicals and drugs also cause gastroenteritis. The symptoms include diarrhea, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, cramps, and discomfort in the abdomen." . _:b665798815 . _:b665806085 . _:b666238937 . _:b665806138 . _:b663520486 . _:b665806084 . _:b665861746 . _:b666238938 . _:b665806139 . _:b663520487 . _:b666208988 . _:b666238939 . _:b663520484 . _:b665862195 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b665806086 . _:b666209504 . _:b665862073 . _:b665861756 . _:b666238932 . _:b663520485 . _:b666238933 . _:b663520490 . _:b665797794 "ISBN:978-3-938793-98-5pp124-158#Thomas Bittner and Barry Smith, 'A Theory of Granular Partitions', in K. Munn and B. Smith (eds.), Applied Ontology: An Introduction, Frankfurt/Lancaster: ontos, 2008, 125-158." . _:b666238934 . _:b665861694 . _:b663520491 . _:b666238935 . _:b663520488 . _:b666238928 . _:b663520489 . _:b665861689 . _:b666238929 . _:b665862208 "Anterior end of the alimentary canal lined with smooth muscle. Bounded anteriorly by a constriction in the pharynx. Bounded posteriorly by and increase in circular and/or longitudinal smooth muscle associated with the stomach.[AAO]"^^ . _:b663520494 . _:b665862077 . _:b666238930 . _:b663520495 . _:b665861462 "AAO"^^ . _:b666238931 . _:b663520492 . _:b666238236 . _:b666238924 . _:b663520493 . _:b663516022 "TAO"^^ . _:b666238925 . _:b663520466 . _:b666238926 . _:b663520467 . _:b666238927 . _:b663520464 . _:b663515988 . _:b666238920 . _:b663520465 . _:b665860732 . _:b665861310 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campylobacteriosis" . _:b666238921 . _:b663520470 . _:b666238922 . _:b663520471 . _:b665860734 . _:b665861741 . _:b663515985 . _:b666238923 . _:b663520468 . _:b665798067 . _:b666238916 . _:b663515984 . _:b663520469 . _:b665862054 . _:b663515987 . _:b666238917 . _:b663520474 . _:b663515986 . _:b666238918 . _:b663520852 . _:b663520475 . _:b666238919 . _:b663520472 . _:b665861736 . _:b666238912 . _:b663520473 . _:b665862050 . _:b666238913 . _:b663520478 . _:b663913431 "AAO:0000246"^^ . _:b665862767 "(forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [103-001] " . _:b666238914 . _:b663520479 . _:b665861732 . _:b665861735 . _:b666238915 . _:b663520476 . _:b663520477 . _:b663520450 . _:b665861742 . _:b663520451 . _:b663520448 . _:b665862114 . _:b665861729 . _:b665861737 . _:b663520449 . _:b663520454 . _:b663520455 . _:b665861728 . _:b665798816 "The first part of the small intestine. At the junction of the stomach and the duodenum the alimentary canal is inflected. The duodenum first goes anteriorly for a short distance, turns dorsally, and eventually caudally, thus it is a U-shaped structure with two horizontal sections (a ventral and a dorsal one)."^^ . _:b663520452 . _:b665861743 . _:b663520453 . _:b663520458 . _:b665861740 . _:b663520459 . _:b665861731 . _:b663520456 . _:b663516582 "A disease that manifests in a defined anatomical structure." . _:b665861264 "(forall (x) (if (Site x) (ImmaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [034-002] " . _:b663520457 . _:b665861738 . _:b665861672 . _:b665798102 . _:b663520462 . _:b663914275 "ncithesaurus:Colon"^^ . _:b665861558 "lower intestine"^^ . _:b665798180 . _:b663520463 . _:b665861730 . _:b665797679 . _:b663520460 . _:b665797668 . _:b665861667 . _:b665798100 . _:b665861750 . _:b663520461 . _:b665861757 . _:b663520434 . _:b663520430 . _:b663520435 . _:b665861748 . _:b665797665 . _:b665862029 "Continuant fiat boundary doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary and a one dimensional continuant fiat boundary that doesn't overlap it. The situation is analogous to temporal and spatial regions."@en . _:b665798097 . _:b665798177 . _:b663520432 . _:b663520433 . _:b665861745 . _:b663520438 . _:b665861733 . _:b665861752 . _:b663520439 . _:b665862237 "intestinum crassum cecum"^^ . _:b665862031 "a one-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a continuous fiat line whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [032-001])"@en . _:b663520436 . _:b665797664 . _:b665861758 . _:b663520437 . _:b663520442 . _:b663520056 "(iff (RelationalQuality a) (exists (b c t) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (IndependentContinuant c) (qualityOfAt a b t) (qualityOfAt a c t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [057-001] " . _:b665806283 . _:b663520443 . _:b665861747 . _:b665861755 . _:b663520440 . _:b665798105 . _:b663520441 . _:b663516943 "To say that each spatiotemporal region s temporally_projects_onto some temporal region t is to say that t is the temporal extension of s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [080-003])"@en . _:b663520446 . _:b665862149 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b665861753 . _:b663520077 "A disease that manifests in a defined anatomical structure." . _:b665805408 "A function is a disposition that exists in virtue of the bearer\u2019s physical make-up and this physical make-up is something the bearer possesses because it came into being, either through evolution (in the case of natural biological entities) or through intentional design (in the case of artifacts), in order to realize processes of a certain sort. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [064-001])"@en . _:b663520447 . _:b663520745 "(forall (x t) (if (and (RealizableEntity x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (specificallyDepends x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [063-002] " . _:b663520165 . _:b665863047 "UMLS:C0020885"^^ . _:b663520444 . _:b665861715 . _:b665797684 . _:b666238144 "b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b\u2019s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003])"@en . _:b663520445 . _:b665861712 . _:b665861709 . _:b663520418 . _:b665861701 . _:b663520419 . _:b666238955 . _:b663520416 . _:b665797680 . _:b663520367 . _:b663520417 . _:b663520422 . _:b665861717 . _:b665861704 . _:b665862272 . _:b665861696 . _:b665862043 "(iff (ZeroDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [031-001] " . _:b663520423 . _:b665797687 . _:b663520420 . _:b663520156 . _:b665861707 . _:b663520421 . _:b665861710 . _:b665806329 . _:b665862079 . _:b663520426 . _:b665806328 . _:b665861721 . _:b665861700 . _:b663520427 . _:b665861726 . _:b665797683 . _:b663520424 . _:b663913475 . _:b665806330 . _:b665861403 "AAO"^^ . _:b665797688 . _:b665861711 . _:b665861193 "(forall (x) (if (Material Entity x) (exists (t) (and (TemporalRegion t) (existsAt x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [011-002] " . _:b663520425 . _:b665806325 . _:b665861724 . _:b665797647 . _:b665862281 . _:b665862075 . _:b663520430 . _:b663520431 . _:b665861714 . _:b665861727 . _:b665806121 "(forall (x t) (if (and (RealizableEntity x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (specificallyDepends x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [063-002] " . _:b663520428 . _:b665861719 . _:b665806326 . _:b665861699 . _:b665797644 . _:b665797636 . _:b665797640 . _:b663520429 . _:b665797654 . _:b663520399 . _:b663520402 . _:b665860730 "ncithesaurus:Rectum"^^ . _:b665806312 . _:b663520403 . _:b663520400 . _:b665861703 . _:b665797632 . _:b665861722 . _:b665797653 . _:b666209271 . _:b663520401 . _:b665797658 . _:b665862067 . _:b663520291 "UMLS:C0021852"^^ . _:b665861716 . _:b663520406 . _:b665797638 . _:b663520407 . _:b665861706 . _:b665806319 . _:b665862291 . _:b665797645 . _:b663520404 . _:b665797729 "(forall (x) (if (Material Entity x) (exists (t) (and (TemporalRegion t) (existsAt x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [011-002] " . _:b665797657 . _:b665861725 . _:b665861718 . _:b665861723 . _:b663520405 . _:b665797635 . _:b665861720 . _:b663520410 . _:b665862300 . _:b665862082 . _:b663520411 . _:b665797660 . _:b665797641 . _:b663520408 . _:b665797661 . _:b665797634 . _:b663520409 . _:b665861708 . _:b665861713 . _:b663520414 . _:b665860645 . _:b663520415 . _:b665860644 . _:b663520412 . _:b665862407 . _:b666208680 "zero dimension continuant fiat boundaries are not spatial points. Considering the example 'the quadripoint where the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona meet' : There are many frames in which that point is zooming through many points in space. Whereas, no matter what the frame, the quadripoint is always in the same relation to the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona."@en . _:b663520413 . _:b665797659 . _:b665797651 . _:b663520386 . _:b663520387 . _:b665860790 "In fish, the divisions of the small intestine are not as clear, and the terms anterior intestine or proximal intestine may be used instead of duodenum."^^ . _:b665861681 . _:b665797637 . _:b663520384 . _:b665805747 "A proximal-distal subdivision of the digestive tract."^^ . _:b666238942 "(forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [102-001] " . _:b665861680 . _:b663520385 . _:b665797655 . _:b663520390 . _:b665797643 . _:b665861682 . _:b665860654 . _:b663520391 . _:b665806013 . _:b663521145 . _:b663520388 . _:b663520389 . _:b665797646 . _:b663520394 . _:b665797650 . _:b663520395 . _:b663520392 . . _:b665797656 . _:b663520393 . _:b663520243 . _:b663520398 . _:b665797829 "a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary (surface) is a self-connected fiat surface whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [033-001])"@en . _:b665861544 "the portion of the small intestine that extends from the duodenum to the ileum"^^ . _:b663520399 . _:b663913675 . _:b663520396 . _:b663913674 . _:b663520397 . _:b663520370 . _:b665861695 . _:b663520371 . _:b663520233 . _:b663520368 . _:b665797863 . _:b663520369 . _:b665797844 . _:b665797630 _:b665797633 . _:b665805999 . _:b663520374 . _:b663520234 . _:b663520375 . _:b665861690 . _:b663520372 . _:b663520236 . _:b665797867 . _:b665861677 . _:b663520373 . _:b665797840 . _:b665861678 . _:b663515810 "b is a process_profile =Def. there is some process c such that b process_profile_of c (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [093-002])"@en . _:b663520378 . _:b665861679 . _:b666208944 . _:b663520379 . _:b665861691 . _:b663520376 . _:b663520377 . _:b665797859 . _:b663520382 . _:b665862429 . _:b663520383 . . _:b663520380 . . _:b663520381 . _:b665862741 "(iff (SpecificallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (forall (t) (if (existsAt a t) (exists (b) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (not (SpatialRegion b)) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [050-003] " . _:b666208937 . _:b663520354 . _:b663520355 . _:b665806228 . _:b665797858 . _:b666208939 . _:b665797861 . _:b663520352 . _:b666208938 . _:b665797860 . _:b663520353 . _:b665862209 . _:b666208941 . _:b665862066 . _:b663520358 . _:b666208940 . _:b663520359 . _:b666208943 . _:b663520356 . _:b665805294 _:b665805298 . _:b666208942 . _:b663520357 . _:b665862221 . _:b663516020 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b663520362 . _:b665798202 . _:b663520363 . _:b665860885 . _:b663520360 . _:b665805299 _:b665805303 . _:b663520361 . _:b663520211 . _:b663520366 . _:b663520210 . _:b663520367 . _:b663520364 . _:b663913221 "(forall (x) (if (Material Entity x) (exists (t) (and (TemporalRegion t) (existsAt x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [011-002] " . _:b663520365 . _:b663520338 . _:b663520339 . _:b663520336 . _:b663520337 . _:b663520342 . _:b665805304 _:b665805308 . _:b663520343 . _:b663520340 . _:b663520341 . _:b665862755 "b is a site means: b is a three-dimensional immaterial entity that is (partially or wholly) bounded by a material entity or it is a three-dimensional immaterial part thereof. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [034-002])"@en . _:b663520346 . _:b663520347 . _:b663913582 "VHOG:0000647"^^ . _:b663520344 . _:b663520345 . _:b663520350 . _:b665860639 . _:b663520351 . _:b665805411 "Every process boundary occupies_temporal_region a zero-dimensional temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [085-002])"@en . _:b663520348 . _:b663520349 . _:b665863018 "VHOG:0000055"^^ . _:b665861861 . _:b665861869 . _:b663520322 . _:b663520323 . _:b665797863 . _:b663520320 . _:b665862246 . _:b663520321 . _:b665797867 . _:b665861865 . _:b665860730 . _:b663520326 . _:b665860731 . _:b663520327 . _:b665861860 . _:b665860728 . _:b663520324 . _:b665860729 . _:b663520325 . _:b665798171 . _:b663520330 . _:b665861226 "(forall (r) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [107-002] " . _:b663520331 . _:b663520328 . _:b663520329 . _:b665861866 . _:b665861637 . _:b665860640 . _:b665861857 . _:b663520334 . _:b665860723 . _:b663520335 . _:b663520332 . _:b663516119 . _:b665861878 . _:b663520333 . _:b665861856 . _:b665861895 . _:b665860726 . _:b663520306 . _:b663520307 . _:b665860724 . _:b665861875 . _:b663520304 . _:b665861863 . _:b663520305 . _:b663521080 . _:b665861891 . _:b663520310 . _:b663520311 . _:b663520308 . _:b663516005 "WP"^^ . _:b665861867 . _:b663520309 . _:b665861864 . _:b663516124 . _:b663520314 . _:b663520315 . _:b665861870 . _:b663520312 . _:b665861871 . _:b663516167 . _:b663520313 . _:b665861874 . _:b665861868 . _:b665861899 . _:b663516164 . _:b663520318 . _:b663520319 . _:b665861839 . _:b663520316 . _:b666238906 . _:b663520317 . _:b666238907 . _:b663520290 . _:b666209527 "intestinum crassum"^^ . _:b665861836 . _:b663520291 . _:b665861828 . _:b663520000 . _:b663520288 . _:b665861847 . _:b666238911 . _:b665862150 . _:b663516139 . _:b663520289 . _:b665861832 . _:b663516199 _:b663516205 . _:b665861844 . _:b663520294 . _:b665861683 . _:b665861824 . _:b663520295 . _:b663516142 . _:b663520292 . _:b665861830 . _:b663520293 . _:b663520298 . _:b665861837 . _:b665806165 "(forall (x) (if (MaterialEntity x) (IndependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [019-002] " . _:b663520299 . _:b665861827 . _:b666238887 . _:b665806420 "ISBN:0815318960"^^ . _:b663520296 . _:b665862978 "NCBITaxon:8782"^^ . _:b666238886 . _:b665862123 . _:b663520297 . _:b665862979 "NCBITaxon:8782"^^ . _:b665861833 . _:b665798009 . _:b663520302 . _:b665861853 . _:b663520303 . _:b666238209 "A disease is a disposition (i) to undergo pathological processes that (ii) exists in an organism because of one or more disorders in that organism." . _:b665861925 . _:b663520300 . _:b665861826 . _:b665861854 . _:b663520301 . _:b665861846 . _:b666238889 . _:b663520274 . _:b666238888 . _:b663520275 . _:b666208870 "cecum"^^ . _:b666238894 . _:b663520272 . _:b665861842 . _:b663520273 . _:b665861850 . _:b665861829 . _:b663520278 . _:b665861848 . _:b666238080 "Entity doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example Werner Ceusters 'portions of reality' include 4 sorts, entities (as BFO construes them), universals, configurations, and relations. It is an open question as to whether entities as construed in BFO will at some point also include these other portions of reality. See, for example, 'How to track absolutely everything' at http://www.referent-tracking.com/_RTU/papers/CeustersICbookRevised.pdf"@en . _:b665861922 . _:b666238893 . _:b663520279 . _:b663521064 "VHOG:0000647"^^ . _:b665798003 . _:b665861855 . _:b665861835 . _:b663520276 . _:b665797507 _:b665797506 . _:b663520277 . _:b665861845 . _:b663520282 . _:b663520283 . _:b665797505 _:b665797504 . _:b665797511 _:b665797510 . _:b665861851 . _:b665805309 . _:b665861841 . _:b663520280 . _:b665861928 . _:b663520281 . _:b665861838 . _:b665797508 _:b665797507 . _:b663520286 . _:b665797509 _:b665797508 . _:b665805304 . _:b663520287 . _:b665861811 . _:b665861805 . _:b663520284 . _:b663520285 . _:b665861797 . _:b663520258 . _:b665861808 . _:b665797514 _:b665797513 . _:b663515971 . _:b665797512 _:b665797511 . _:b663520259 . _:b665797516 _:b665797515 . _:b665861800 . _:b663520256 . _:b665797517 _:b665797516 . _:b663520257 . _:b666208766 . _:b665805299 . _:b663520262 . _:b663520263 . _:b665861803 . _:b665861792 . _:b665805776 "The first chamber in the alimentary canal of a ruminant stomach, composed of the rumen and reticulum."^^ . _:b665797518 _:b665797517 . _:b663520260 . _:b666238541 . _:b663515977 . _:b665861796 . _:b665861806 . _:b665805294 . _:b663520261 . _:b665797520 _:b665797519 . _:b666238538 . _:b666238912 . _:b665797526 _:b665797525 . _:b665861817 . _:b665797524 _:b665797526 . _:b663520266 . _:b663520267 . _:b663520264 . _:b666238919 . _:b665797992 . _:b665797523 _:b665797522 . _:b663520265 . _:b665797534 _:b665797536 . _:b663520270 . _:b665861801 . _:b665861794 . _:b665798292 . _:b665861820 . _:b663520271 . _:b665797521 _:b665797520 . _:b666238922 . _:b665861815 . _:b663520268 . _:b663516663 "VHOG:0000054"^^ . _:b665797533 _:b665797532 . _:b665861793 . _:b666238923 . _:b663520269 . _:b665861821 . _:b666238920 . _:b663520754 . _:b665861823 . _:b665862196 . _:b666238921 . _:b665798060 "Subdivision of digestive tract that connects the stomach to the large intestine and is where much of the digestion and absorption of food takes place (with the exception of ruminants). The mammalian small intestine is long and coiled and can be differentiated histologically into: duodenum, jejunem, ileum[WP,cjm,Kardong]."^^ . _:b663520755 . _:b665862990 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b665805366 "(forall (r) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [107-002] " . _:b663520752 . _:b665797529 _:b665797531 . _:b663520753 . _:b665861810 . _:b666238924 . _:b663520758 . _:b665861818 . _:b665861799 . _:b665797531 _:b665797530 . _:b665797528 _:b665797527 . _:b663520759 . _:b665798303 . _:b663520756 . _:b665861812 . _:b665797544 _:b665797546 . _:b663520757 . _:b665798297 . _:b665861802 . _:b663520762 . _:b665797546 _:b665797545 . _:b665861814 . _:b663520763 . _:b665797548 _:b665797547 . _:b665861819 . _:b663520760 . _:b665860388 . _:b665797536 _:b665797535 . _:b665861809 . _:b663520761 . _:b665797549 _:b665797551 . _:b665798277 . _:b665797551 _:b665797550 . _:b663520766 . _:b663520767 . _:b663520764 . _:b665797538 _:b665797537 . _:b665861766 . _:b665861924 . _:b663520765 . _:b665861773 . _:b665797539 _:b665797541 . _:b663520738 . _:b665798272 . _:b665861939 "(forall (x) (if (Material Entity x) (exists (t) (and (TemporalRegion t) (existsAt x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [011-002] " . _:b663520739 . _:b665861769 . _:b665797543 _:b665797542 . _:b665861927 . _:b665797567 _:b665797570 . _:b663520736 . _:b665861781 . _:b665861763 . _:b663520737 . _:b665861921 . _:b663520742 . _:b665797541 _:b665797540 . _:b665861760 . _:b663520743 . _:b665798287 . _:b665861765 . _:b665797564 _:b665797563 . _:b663520740 . _:b663520741 . _:b665861784 . _:b665861774 . _:b663520746 . _:b663520747 . _:b665797566 _:b665797565 . _:b663520744 . _:b666209630 "The posterior intestine has short longitudinally arranged epithelial folds which are similar to the colon of higher vertebrates. Wallace et al, 2005.[TAO]"^^ . _:b665798282 . _:b666209655 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b665861770 . _:b663520745 . _:b665798325 . _:b665861790 . _:b665797561 _:b665797560 . _:b663520750 . _:b665797563 _:b665797562 . _:b665797560 _:b665797559 . _:b665862954 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b663520751 . _:b663520748 . _:b665861783 . _:b663520749 . _:b665861583 . _:b665862022 "A material entity is an independent continuant that has some portion of matter as proper or improper continuant part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [019-002])"@en . _:b665797556 _:b665797555 . _:b665861582 . _:b663520722 . _:b665797557 _:b665797556 . _:b665861762 . _:b663520723 . _:b665861791 . _:b665797897 . _:b665797558 _:b665797561 . _:b663516197 "To say that each spatiotemporal region s temporally_projects_onto some temporal region t is to say that t is the temporal extension of s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [080-003])"@en . _:b666208676 "b is a relational quality = Def. for some independent continuants c, d and for some time t: b quality_of c at t & b quality_of d at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [057-001])"@en . _:b665861779 . _:b663520720 . _:b665797554 _:b665797557 . . _:b665862981 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b663520721 . _:b665861785 . _:b665861283 "Continuant fiat boundary doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary and a one dimensional continuant fiat boundary that doesn't overlap it. The situation is analogous to temporal and spatial regions."@en . _:b665861787 . . _:b665862980 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b663520726 . . _:b666238929 "(iff (OneDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [032-001] " . . _:b665862983 "BTO:0000166"^^ . . _:b663520727 . _:b665797553 _:b665797552 . . _:b665797591 _:b665797590 . _:b665862982 "BTO:0000166"^^ . . _:b663520724 . _:b665798334 . _:b665797584 _:b665797583 . _:b663520725 . _:b665797590 _:b665797589 . _:b665797588 _:b665797587 . _:b665861782 . _:b663520730 . _:b665861788 . _:b663520731 . _:b663520728 . _:b665861776 . _:b665797587 _:b665797586 . _:b665861772 . _:b663520729 . _:b665861775 . _:b663520734 . _:b665861778 . _:b665860567 . _:b663520735 . _:b665797585 _:b665797588 . _:b663520786 "A material entity is an independent continuant that has some portion of matter as proper or improper continuant part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [019-002])"@en . _:b665797596 _:b665797595 . _:b663520732 . _:b665797597 _:b665797596 . _:b665860244 . _:b663520733 . _:b665797599 _:b665797598 . _:b663520706 . _:b663913271 "a quality is a specifically dependent continuant that, in contrast to roles and dispositions, does not require any further process in order to be realized. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [055-001])"@en . _:b666238379 "A cecum is present in most amniote species, and also in lungfish, but not in any living species of amphibian. In reptiles, it is usually a single median structure, arising from the dorsal side of the large intestine. Birds typically have two paired ceca, as, unlike other mammals, do hyraxes. Most mammalian herbivores have a relatively large cecum, hosting a large number of bacteria, which aid in the enzymatic breakdown of plant materials such as cellulose; in many species, it is considerably wider than the colon. In contrast, obligatory carnivores, whose diets contain little or no plant material, have a reduced cecum, which is often partially or wholly replaced by the vermiform appendix. Many fish have a number of small outpocketings, called pyloric ceca, along their intestine; despite the name they are not homologous with the cecum of amniotes, and their purpose is to increase the overall area of the digestive epithelium.[2] Some invertebrates, such as squid,[3] may also have structures with the same name, but these have no relationship with those of vertebrates."^^ . _:b663515836 "A disease that manifests in a defined anatomical structure." . _:b663520707 . _:b665798307 . _:b663520704 . _:b665797912 . _:b663520705 . _:b665797593 _:b665797592 . _:b665862301 "UMLS:C0020885"^^ . _:b663520391 . _:b663520710 . _:b665862941 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b665798316 . _:b665797594 _:b665797597 . _:b663520711 . _:b663520708 . _:b665797570 _:b665797569 . _:b663520394 . _:b663520709 . _:b666238033 . _:b663520714 . _:b665860254 . _:b663520715 . _:b665797569 _:b665797568 . _:b665860249 . _:b665797575 _:b665797574 . _:b663520712 . _:b663520713 . _:b665861509 . _:b665797572 _:b665797571 . _:b663520718 . _:b665797573 _:b665797572 . _:b663520719 . _:b663520716 . _:b665860887 . _:b665797576 _:b665797579 . _:b663520717 . _:b663520690 . _:b663520068 . _:b665798352 . _:b665798434 . _:b666208686 "A bacterial infectious disease that results_in infection by bacteria as a result of their presence or activity within the normal, healthy host, and their intrinsic virulence is, in part, a necessary consequence of their need to reproduce and spread." . _:b665860555 . _:b665797578 _:b665797577 . _:b665797579 _:b665797578 . _:b663521113 . _:b663520691 . _:b663520688 . _:b665797581 _:b665797580 . . _:b663520689 . _:b663520694 . _:b663520233 . _:b663520695 . _:b665797582 _:b665797581 . _:b663520692 . _:b665797629 _:b665797628 . _:b663520693 . _:b665798361 . _:b665798433 . _:b663520698 . _:b663520699 . _:b663520696 . _:b663520697 . _:b663520702 . _:b665797626 _:b665797625 . _:b665797627 _:b665797626 . _:b665797788 "b is a fiat object part = Def. b is a material entity which is such that for all times t, if b exists at t then there is some object c such that b proper continuant_part of c at t and c is demarcated from the remainder of c by a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [027-004])"@en . _:b663520703 . _:b665797624 _:b665797623 . _:b665798343 . _:b665797623 _:b665797622 . _:b663520700 . _:b665797621 _:b665797624 . _:b663520701 . _:b665860279 . _:b665797620 _:b665797619 . _:b663520674 . _:b663520675 . _:b663520672 . _:b665797618 _:b665797617 . _:b665863046 . _:b663520673 . _:b665860275 . _:b663520678 . _:b663520679 . _:b665797617 _:b665797616 . _:b666209432 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infectious_disease" . _:b665805693 "the portion of the small intestine that extends from the jejunum to the colon"^^ . _:b663520676 . _:b663521176 . _:b666209579 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b663520117 . _:b666209449 . _:b663520677 . _:b665797609 _:b665797608 . _:b663520682 . _:b665806411 "The terminal region of the mid intestine is comprised of specialized enterocytes that appear to play a role in mucosal immunity. Wallace et al, 2005.[TAO]"^^ . _:b665805823 . _:b665797611 _:b665797610 . _:b665797608 _:b665797607 . _:b665860874 . _:b663520683 . _:b665797612 _:b665797615 . _:b663520680 . _:b665797600 _:b665797599 . _:b663520681 . _:b665797615 _:b665797614 . _:b663520686 . _:b665798388 . _:b663520687 . _:b665797614 _:b665797613 . _:b663520684 . _:b665797602 _:b665797601 . _:b665797603 _:b665797606 . _:b663520685 . _:b663520658 . _:b666209348 . _:b665798402 . _:b666209328 . _:b665798410 . _:b663520659 . _:b666209349 . _:b666209329 . _:b663520656 . _:b665862895 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b663520657 . _:b665797606 _:b665797605 . _:b665860259 . _:b665860672 "1"^^ . _:b663516189 . _:b663520662 . _:b665797605 _:b665797604 . _:b665798414 . _:b666209344 . _:b663520663 . _:b663516577 . _:b665860673 "1"^^ . _:b665798405 . _:b666209345 . _:b665860269 . _:b665798211 "To say that spatiotemporal region s spatially_projects_onto spatial region r at t is to say that r is the spatial extent of s at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [081-003])"@en . _:b666209333 . _:b663520660 . _:b665798398 . _:b666209346 . _:b666209334 . _:b663520661 . _:b665798411 . _:b666209347 . _:b663520666 . _:b663520667 . _:b665798401 . _:b663520664 . _:b665860264 . _:b666239140 . _:b663520665 . _:b665798429 . _:b663520670 . _:b663516070 . _:b665798403 . _:b666209340 . _:b663520671 . _:b665798400 . _:b663516071 . _:b663520668 . _:b665860397 . _:b663516069 . _:b663520669 . _:b665798406 . _:b666238563 . _:b665798425 . _:b663520642 . _:b665798407 . _:b663520643 . _:b665798404 . _:b663520640 . _:b665798370 . _:b665860386 . _:b665805435 "requested by Melanie Courtot" . _:b663520641 . _:b663516078 . _:b665860909 . _:b663520646 . _:b665798430 . _:b665860306 . _:b663520647 . _:b665862283 "NCBITaxon:9606"^^ . _:b663516079 . _:b663520644 . _:b665806209 . _:b665860475 "A spatiotemporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of spacetime. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [095-001])"@en . _:b666209318 . _:b665860398 . _:b663520645 . _:b666209319 . _:b663520650 . _:b665798426 . _:b666238432 "The fixed portion of the small intestine deeply lodged in the posterior wall of the abdomen and extending from the pylorus to the beginning of the jejunum. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b666209320 . _:b663520651 . _:b665860906 . _:b665798379 . _:b663520648 . _:b663516072 . _:b663520649 . _:b665860315 . _:b665798609 . _:b663520654 . _:b665798475 "(forall (x) (if (Material Entity x) (exists (t) (and (TemporalRegion t) (existsAt x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [011-002] " . _:b663520655 . _:b663520652 . _:b665860406 . _:b663520653 . _:b663520210 . _:b663520626 . _:b663516082 . _:b666209319 . _:b663520627 . _:b666239117 . _:b665798613 . _:b666209318 . _:b663520624 . _:b663516080 . _:b665860288 . _:b665860402 . _:b666209317 . _:b663520625 . _:b663516081 . _:b666209316 . _:b663520630 . _:b663520631 . _:b663520371 "A proximal-distal subdivision of the digestive tract."^^ . _:b663520628 . _:b665860405 . _:b663520629 . _:b663520634 . _:b663520635 . _:b665860297 . _:b663520632 . _:b665860401 . _:b665860543 "(forall (x y) (if (processProfileOf x y) (and (properContinuantPartOf x y) (exists (z t) (and (properOccurrentPartOf z y) (TemporalRegion t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion y t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion z t) (not (exists (w) (and (occurrentPartOf w x) (occurrentPartOf w z))))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [094-005] " . _:b665860667 "1"^^ . _:b663520633 . _:b666209324 . _:b663520638 . _:b665805665 "TAO:0001323"^^ . _:b666209323 . _:b663520639 . _:b666238532 . _:b665860359 . _:b666209322 . _:b663520636 . _:b665860371 . _:b666209321 . _:b663520637 . _:b665861556 "distal intestine"^^ . _:b665860365 . _:b666209320 . _:b663520610 . _:b665860668 "1"^^ . _:b665860342 . _:b663520165 . _:b663520611 . _:b663520608 . _:b665861315 . _:b665860375 . _:b665860362 . _:b663520609 . _:b665860354 . _:b665806241 . _:b665860372 . _:b663520614 . _:b663520615 . _:b665860378 . _:b663520612 . _:b665860379 . _:b663520613 . _:b665860358 . _:b665860376 . _:b665860351 . _:b663520618 . _:b665860356 . _:b663520619 . _:b665805617 "intestinum rectum"^^ . _:b666238956 "A disease that manifests in a defined anatomical structure." . _:b663520616 . _:b665860363 . _:b665860493 "(forall (x t) (if (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (bearerOfAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [060-002] " . _:b663520617 . _:b665860353 . _:b663520622 . _:b666238196 "(forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [102-001] " . _:b663520623 . _:b663520620 . _:b666238954 "A gastrointestinal system infectious disease that involves inflammation of the lining of the stomach and small and large intestines, which is caused by viruses, bacteria, or parasites. Chemicals and drugs also cause gastroenteritis. The symptoms include diarrhea, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, cramps, and discomfort in the abdomen." . _:b665798948 . _:b665860355 . _:b663516052 . _:b665860324 . _:b663520621 . _:b665860374 . _:b665806270 . _:b665860382 . _:b665860352 . _:b666209689 . _:b663516050 . _:b663520594 . _:b666209688 . _:b663520595 . _:b663516051 . _:b663520592 . _:b666209690 . _:b663520593 . _:b665860377 . _:b665860369 . _:b663520598 . _:b663520054 "(iff (ProcessProfile a) (exists (b) (and (Process b) (processProfileOf a b)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [093-002] " . _:b665862992 . _:b665798193 . _:b663516062 . _:b663520599 . _:b663516063 . _:b665860333 . _:b665860383 . _:b665797500 _:b665797499 . _:b663520596 . _:b666238388 "intestinum crassum cecum"^^ . _:b663516061 . _:b663520597 . _:b665798196 . _:b665797503 _:b665797502 . _:b665860373 . _:b663520602 . _:b665860361 . _:b663520603 . _:b665860368 . _:b665797502 _:b665797501 . _:b666209683 . _:b663520600 . _:b666209402 . _:b663520601 . _:b665860364 . _:b666209685 . _:b663520606 . _:b665798609 . _:b666209684 . _:b665797498 _:b665797497 . _:b665797499 _:b665797498 . _:b665797496 _:b665797495 . _:b663520607 . _:b666209687 . _:b663520604 . _:b663516132 . _:b666209686 . _:b663520605 . _:b665797494 _:b665797493 . _:b663520578 . _:b665797493 _:b665797492 . _:b663516159 . _:b665798613 . _:b663520579 . _:b663516131 . _:b663520576 . _:b665797490 _:b665797489 . _:b665797491 _:b665797490 . _:b665860581 . _:b663520577 . _:b665798604 . _:b663520582 . _:b663520583 . _:b665797489 _:b665797488 . _:b663520580 . _:b665861457 . _:b665860901 . _:b665860585 . _:b663520581 . _:b665797481 _:b665797480 . _:b665860900 . _:b665798607 . _:b665798465 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b663520586 . _:b665797482 _:b665797481 . _:b665798606 . _:b665797480 _:b665797479 . _:b663520587 . _:b665797483 _:b665797487 . _:b665798605 . _:b663520156 . _:b663520584 . _:b663520881 . _:b665797485 _:b665797484 . _:b665798476 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b663520585 . _:b663521154 . _:b665861460 . _:b665860562 . _:b665797487 _:b665797486 . _:b663520590 . _:b665798228 . _:b663520591 . _:b663516899 . _:b665797486 _:b665797485 . _:b665798917 . _:b665861320 . _:b665798238 . _:b665860579 . _:b663520588 . _:b663520885 . _:b663516896 . _:b665861467 . _:b665863018 . _:b663520589 . _:b665860578 . _:b665798086 . _:b665861466 . _:b665860558 . _:b665860577 . _:b663520562 . _:b665798087 . _:b663520563 . _:b665860576 . _:b665798234 . _:b663520560 . _:b665861471 . _:b666238467 . _:b663520561 . _:b666238434 . _:b663520566 . _:b666238435 . _:b665797478 _:b665797482 . _:b663520567 . _:b666238432 . _:b665861465 "ncithesaurus:Esophagus"^^ . _:b665861468 . _:b665863027 . _:b666209365 . _:b663520082 . _:b666238433 . _:b663520564 . _:b663520565 . _:b665798233 . _:b665806079 . _:b665863037 . _:b663520570 . _:b665806078 . _:b665861473 . _:b663520571 . _:b666238436 . _:b665806077 . _:b666209369 . _:b663520568 . _:b666238437 . _:b665806562 _:b665806568 . _:b665806076 . _:b663520569 . _:b663520574 . _:b663913568 "upper intestine"^^ . _:b665798494 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b663520575 . _:b663520240 "UMLS:C0034896"^^ . _:b663520572 . _:b666208678 "a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary (surface) is a self-connected fiat surface whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [033-001])"@en . _:b663520573 . _:b666209375 . _:b665798489 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b663520546 . _:b663520547 . _:b666209345 . _:b663520544 . _:b666209346 . _:b663520545 . _:b663520550 . _:b665862232 "NCBITaxon:8782"^^ . _:b663520551 . _:b665862233 "NCBITaxon:8782"^^ . _:b663520548 . _:b663520549 . _:b663520554 . _:b663520555 . _:b663520904 "VHOG:0000054"^^ . _:b666209353 . _:b663520552 . _:b666209354 . _:b663520553 . _:b663520986 . _:b666209343 . _:b666209355 . _:b663520558 . _:b663520987 . _:b665861493 . _:b666209356 . _:b663520559 . _:b665798590 . _:b666238779 . _:b663520984 . _:b665861492 . _:b663520556 . _:b663520778 "A function is a disposition that exists in virtue of the bearer\u2019s physical make-up and this physical make-up is something the bearer possesses because it came into being, either through evolution (in the case of natural biological entities) or through intentional design (in the case of artifacts), in order to realize processes of a certain sort. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [064-001])"@en . _:b663520985 . _:b663520557 . _:b663516017 "3"^^ . _:b663520530 . _:b666209427 . _:b663520531 . _:b665798586 . _:b665861496 . _:b666209426 . _:b663520528 . _:b665860581 . _:b663520529 . _:b665860564 . _:b663520534 . _:b663520695 "Continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example, in an expansion involving bringing in some of Ceuster's other portions of reality, questions are raised as to whether universals are continuants"@en . _:b663520979 . _:b663520535 . _:b663520532 . _:b665806412 "VHOG:0000055"^^ . _:b663520133 . _:b663520533 . _:b663520982 . _:b666209428 . _:b663520538 . _:b665860585 . _:b663520539 . _:b663516824 "ncithesaurus:Ileum"^^ . _:b663520980 . _:b666209376 "(forall (x) (if (Quality x) (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [055-001] " . _:b663520536 . _:b665862942 . _:b663520537 . _:b663520542 . _:b666238860 "(forall (x y) (if (and (TemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (TemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [101-001] " . _:b663913231 "For every independent continuant b and time t during the region of time spanned by its life, there are entities which s-depends_on b during t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [018-002])"@en . _:b663914023 . _:b663520543 . _:b663520540 . _:b663914021 . _:b663520541 . _:b666238430 . _:b666239131 "blind intestine"^^ . _:b663520514 . _:b666238431 . _:b663914018 . _:b666208909 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b663914019 . _:b663520515 . _:b663520512 . _:b663914020 . _:b663914017 . _:b663520513 . _:b666209669 "ncithesaurus:Duodenum"^^ . _:b663914015 . _:b665798210 . _:b663520518 . _:b663520519 . _:b665798211 . _:b663520516 . _:b665798241 . _:b663520517 . _:b665798084 . _:b663520522 . _:b665798530 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b663520523 . _:b663914308 "ISBN:0815318960"^^ . _:b663520520 . . _:b663914024 . _:b663520521 . _:b663914025 . _:b663520526 . _:b665798243 . _:b665798254 . _:b665798246 . _:b663520527 . _:b665862955 . _:b665798257 . _:b663520524 . _:b663913993 . _:b665798262 . _:b663520525 . _:b663913994 . _:b663521128 . _:b663913986 . _:b663521010 . _:b665798247 . _:b665798260 . _:b663521011 . _:b665798249 . _:b665862967 . _:b663520786 . _:b663521008 . _:b666238500 . _:b663520787 . _:b665798266 . _:b663521009 . _:b665798250 . _:b665798255 . _:b663521014 . _:b665798203 . _:b663521015 . _:b663520142 . _:b663913985 . _:b665798245 . _:b663914044 . _:b666209413 . _:b663520790 . _:b663521012 . _:b663913984 . _:b666209414 . _:b663520791 . _:b663520965 . _:b663521013 . _:b666209415 . _:b663520788 . _:b663521018 . _:b663914047 . _:b663520789 . _:b663914041 . _:b663521019 . _:b665798252 . _:b663914046 . _:b665798269 . _:b663521016 . _:b663914040 . _:b665798240 . _:b663914045 . _:b663914043 . _:b665798242 . _:b663521017 . _:b665798066 . _:b663914042 . _:b663521022 . _:b665798261 . _:b665798259 . _:b665798067 . _:b663521023 . _:b665798256 . _:b663521020 . _:b663913987 . _:b663521021 . _:b663520322 "lower intestine"^^ . _:b665798267 . _:b663520994 . _:b663521151 . _:b665798558 . _:b666209408 . _:b665798244 . _:b663520995 . _:b665798068 . _:b663913988 . _:b666209409 . _:b665798559 . _:b663520992 . _:b663913989 . _:b663913991 . _:b666208539 . _:b663520993 . _:b665798268 . _:b663913990 . _:b665798263 . _:b665798271 . _:b663515918 . _:b666238373 "UMLS:C0034896"^^ . _:b663520998 . _:b665798251 . _:b665798248 . _:b663520999 . _:b665860213 . _:b663515919 . _:b663913995 . _:b663520996 . _:b665798545 . _:b663520774 . _:b665798571 . _:b663914034 . _:b665798547 . _:b665798544 . _:b663520997 . _:b666208728 . _:b665798574 . _:b665798078 . _:b663913992 . _:b663914033 . _:b665798570 . _:b665861181 . _:b663521002 . _:b665798569 . _:b665798265 . _:b665798258 . _:b665798573 . . _:b663914035 . _:b663914037 . _:b663521003 . _:b663913998 . _:b665798546 . _:b663520773 . _:b663914039 . _:b663914036 . _:b663520778 . _:b665798253 . _:b663521000 . _:b663520779 . _:b665798077 . _:b665798264 . _:b663913996 . _:b663521001 . _:b663914032 . _:b663913999 . _:b663914038 . _:b663521006 . _:b663913997 . _:b665860210 . _:b663914026 . _:b665861178 . _:b665797798 "(forall (x) (if (ThreeDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [040-001] " . _:b663914000 . _:b663914002 . _:b663914030 . _:b663521007 . _:b665798572 . _:b663914003 . _:b663914027 . _:b663521004 . _:b665798536 . _:b663914005 . _:b663914007 . _:b663914031 . _:b663521005 . _:b665798537 . _:b663914006 . _:b665806167 . _:b663520978 . _:b663914001 . _:b665860206 . _:b665806166 . _:b665798540 . _:b663516913 . _:b663914028 . _:b663520979 . _:b666238148 "(forall (x) (if (Role x) (RealizableEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [061-001] " . _:b665806165 . _:b665861175 . _:b663914029 . _:b663520976 . _:b665798538 . _:b665798581 . _:b663516576 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathogenic_bacteria" . _:b663914004 . _:b663520977 . _:b665798580 . _:b665798542 . _:b665798539 . _:b663520982 . _:b665798235 . _:b665798541 . _:b663914016 . _:b663520983 . _:b665806185 . _:b665860205 . _:b665806161 . _:b665798543 . _:b663914022 . _:b663520980 . _:b663914014 . _:b665806184 . _:b663914012 . _:b663520981 . _:b665798582 . _:b665806175 . _:b663914013 . _:b665798239 . _:b663520986 . _:b663520987 . _:b663914010 . _:b663520912 "Segment of the alimentary canal extending from the stomach to the anus and, in humans and other mammals, consists of two segments, the small intestine and the large intestine."^^ . _:b663914011 . _:b663520903 "A subdivision of the digestive tract that connects the small intestine to the cloaca or anus. Lacks or has few villi[Kardong]."^^ . _:b665798534 . _:b666238868 "Every spatiotemporal region s is such that s occupies_spatiotemporal_region s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [107-002])"@en . _:b663520984 . _:b663515928 . _:b665806172 . _:b665860200 . _:b665798535 . _:b663520985 . _:b665798530 . _:b663914008 . _:b663520084 . _:b663520990 . _:b663516006 . _:b665798213 . _:b665798160 . _:b666208833 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b665806170 . _:b663914009 . _:b665798214 . _:b663520991 . _:b663516007 . _:b665798215 . _:b665860199 . _:b663520988 . _:b665798236 . _:b666238183 "(iff (OneDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [032-001] " . _:b665862269 . _:b665860211 . _:b666209047 . _:b663520989 . _:b665798577 . _:b665798227 . _:b665798528 . _:b663520962 . _:b665798532 . _:b665862271 . _:b665806150 . _:b663520963 . _:b665798533 . _:b665862270 . _:b665860214 . _:b663516910 . _:b665798531 . _:b663520960 . _:b663914069 . _:b663516000 . _:b665862886 . _:b665806148 . _:b663520961 . _:b666238290 "A subdivision of the digestive tract that connects the small intestine to the cloaca or anus. Lacks or has few villi[Kardong]."^^ . _:b665798529 . _:b665860203 . _:b663520966 . _:b663516014 . _:b665806146 . _:b663520967 . _:b666238422 "The terminal region of the mid intestine is comprised of specialized enterocytes that appear to play a role in mucosal immunity. Wallace et al, 2005.[TAO]"^^ . _:b665798231 . _:b665798237 . _:b663520964 . _:b665798578 . _:b663516012 . _:b663914067 . _:b665798576 . _:b663520965 . _:b665798217 . _:b665860216 . _:b665798579 . _:b663520948 . _:b665806159 . _:b663516013 . _:b663520970 . _:b665798216 . _:b665806158 . _:b665860204 . _:b663520971 . _:b665860198 . _:b663914070 . _:b663516011 . _:b663914068 . _:b665798218 . _:b663520968 . _:b663516008 . _:b665860223 . _:b663914071 . _:b665798232 . _:b665798226 . _:b663520969 . _:b665860220 . _:b665806155 . _:b663520974 . _:b663520945 . _:b663914058 . _:b663520975 . _:b665798615 . _:b665806153 . _:b663520972 . _:b665798549 . _:b663914059 . . _:b663914056 . _:b663520973 . _:b665798548 . _:b665860221 . _:b666209030 . _:b665798551 . _:b663520946 . _:b665798568 . _:b665798550 . _:b663520947 . _:b665798611 . _:b666208554 . _:b663520944 . _:b665860504 "b is a role means: b is a realizable entity & b exists because there is some single bearer that is in some special physical, social, or institutional set of circumstances in which this bearer does not have to be& b is not such that, if it ceases to exist, then the physical make-up of the bearer is thereby changed. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [061-001])"@en . _:b665805638 "AAO"^^ . _:b665860215 . . _:b663520945 . _:b663914060 . _:b665860217 . . _:b663914057 . _:b665798575 . _:b665860209 . _:b663520950 . _:b665862896 . _:b663914051 . _:b663520951 . _:b665860799 "VHOG:0000053"^^ . _:b665798563 . _:b663520948 . _:b663914053 . _:b665860219 . _:b665798554 . _:b663520949 . _:b665798562 . _:b665798553 . _:b663520954 . _:b665806534 . _:b665860212 . _:b663914055 . _:b666208549 . _:b665798565 . _:b663520955 . _:b665798560 . _:b665860222 . _:b663516024 . _:b663520952 . _:b663914054 . _:b665798566 . _:b665861605 . _:b665860207 . _:b665798557 . _:b665798552 . _:b663520953 . _:b665860218 . _:b663914357 . _:b665798556 . _:b663914050 . _:b665798561 . _:b666208544 . _:b665798567 . _:b663914052 . _:b663520958 . _:b665798564 . _:b663914356 . _:b665860208 . _:b663515975 . _:b663520959 . _:b663914049 . _:b665798555 . _:b663520956 . _:b663914048 . _:b663515687 _:b663515691 . _:b663520957 . _:b665806206 . _:b665806183 . _:b663520930 . _:b663520931 . _:b665861661 . _:b663520928 . . _:b665806180 . _:b663520929 . _:b663520934 . _:b663515682 _:b663515686 . _:b665806178 . _:b663516071 . _:b663520935 . _:b663520932 . _:b665806176 . _:b663520933 . _:b663520938 . _:b663520939 . _:b663914063 . _:b663515692 _:b663515696 . _:b663520936 . _:b663914062 . _:b663515976 . _:b663914061 . _:b663520937 . _:b663515977 . _:b663520100 . _:b663520942 . _:b663516755 "NCBITaxon:8782"^^ . _:b663520943 . _:b665862429 . _:b665806185 . _:b663515988 . _:b663520940 . _:b663516472 "For every independent continuant b and time t during the region of time spanned by its life, there are entities which s-depends_on b during t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [018-002])"@en . _:b663520941 . _:b665806103 . _:b663914064 . _:b663520914 . _:b665806102 . _:b665798208 . _:b663520915 . _:b663516756 "NCBITaxon:8782"^^ . _:b666238250 . _:b663520912 . _:b663914074 . _:b663914066 . _:b663520913 . _:b663914065 . _:b663520918 . _:b663515999 . _:b663520919 . _:b663914073 . _:b665806097 . _:b663914072 . _:b663520916 . _:b665805602 "AAO"^^ . _:b665806096 . _:b663520917 . _:b663515677 _:b663515681 . _:b666238121 "Each spatiotemporal region projects_onto some temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [098-001])"@en . _:b663520922 . _:b663520923 . _:b663516935 . _:b663520920 . _:b666238259 . _:b663516511 "(forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [037-001] " . _:b663520921 . _:b663520926 . _:b663515784 . _:b665806106 . _:b663520927 . _:b663515785 . _:b663520924 . _:b665806104 . _:b663520925 . _:b665798720 . _:b663520898 . _:b665806086 . _:b663520899 . _:b665806085 . _:b663520896 . _:b663520897 . _:b666209323 "(forall (x) (if (Continuant x) (Entity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [008-002] " . _:b665806522 . _:b663520902 . _:b663515706 . _:b663520903 . _:b663515709 . _:b666208778 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b663520900 . _:b666238110 "A temporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of time as defined relative to some reference frame. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [100-001])"@en . _:b665805676 "NCBITaxon:32443"^^ . _:b663520901 . _:b663520906 . _:b663520907 . _:b666209762 "The pharynx is the part of the digestive system immediately posterior to the mouth[GO]."^^ . _:b663520904 . _:b663515708 . _:b665806092 . _:b665806517 . _:b663520905 . _:b663515707 . _:b665806091 . _:b663520910 . _:b663914221 . _:b665806090 . _:b663520911 . _:b665798381 . . _:b665798373 . _:b663520908 . _:b666209286 "0.0"^^ . _:b663520114 . _:b665798737 . _:b663520909 . _:b666239220 . _:b665806222 . _:b665806135 . _:b665798377 . _:b663520882 . _:b665860752 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b663520060 "a zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a fiat point whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [031-001])"@en . _:b663520883 . _:b665798369 . _:b665863017 "TAO:0001323"^^ . _:b663520880 . _:b666239223 . _:b665798389 . _:b665806132 . _:b663520881 . _:b665798375 . _:b665806131 . _:b666238422 "TAO:0001323"^^ . _:b663520886 . _:b665798382 . _:b663520887 . _:b665798392 . _:b665798431 . _:b663515793 . _:b663520884 . _:b665798372 . _:b663515794 . _:b665806128 . _:b663520885 . _:b663515795 . _:b663520890 . _:b665862057 "url:http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec09/ch122/ch122a.html" . _:b663515796 . _:b666239036 . _:b665798399 . _:b665798378 . _:b663515797 . _:b665798368 . _:b663520891 . _:b665798427 . _:b666209291 "0.0"^^ . _:b665806141 . _:b663515798 . _:b663520888 . _:b665798396 . _:b663520889 . _:b665806139 . _:b665798371 . _:b665798391 . _:b663520894 . _:b665806371 "FMA:14541"^^ . _:b663520895 . _:b665806137 . _:b663520892 . _:b663515817 . _:b663520893 . _:b663515816 . _:b666209301 "0.0"^^ . _:b665798387 . _:b663520866 . _:b666238237 . _:b665806118 . _:b665798374 . _:b663520867 . _:b665798393 . _:b665805589 "AAO"^^ . _:b663520864 . _:b665806116 . _:b663516066 "3"^^ . _:b665806493 . _:b663520865 . _:b665806115 . _:b665860701 . _:b663520870 . _:b663913442 "1"^^ . _:b666209296 "0.0"^^ . _:b665798412 . _:b665798390 . _:b665806205 . _:b665806114 . _:b663520871 . _:b665798415 . _:b665798397 . _:b665806113 . _:b663520868 . _:b665806112 . _:b665861290 "(iff (ProcessProfile a) (exists (b) (and (Process b) (processProfileOf a b)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [093-002] " . _:b663913441 "1"^^ . _:b663520869 . _:b663913446 "1"^^ . _:b665798383 . _:b663520874 . _:b665806126 . _:b665806105 . _:b665798386 . _:b663520875 . _:b665797730 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b665798380 . _:b663913447 "1"^^ . _:b665806125 . _:b665806106 . _:b663516075 "3"^^ . _:b663520872 . _:b665798384 . _:b663520873 . _:b665861620 . _:b665798348 . _:b663520878 . _:b665798342 . _:b665806122 . _:b663520879 . _:b665798353 . _:b665806121 . _:b665797743 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b663520876 . _:b665798350 . _:b663520877 . _:b665860583 . _:b666209439 . _:b663520850 . _:b665798345 . _:b663520851 . _:b665806264 . _:b665798337 . _:b663520848 . _:b665798356 . _:b665797748 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b663520849 . _:b665798461 . _:b665798341 . _:b665798351 . _:b665805543 "AAO"^^ . _:b663520854 . _:b665806247 . _:b663913234 "(iff (IndependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (not (exists (b t) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [017-002] " . _:b665798717 . _:b665798362 . _:b663520855 . _:b663520852 . _:b663520853 . _:b665863045 "MP:0002581"^^ . _:b665798336 . _:b663520311 "intestinum jejunum"^^ . _:b663520858 . _:b663520101 . _:b665798346 . _:b665806439 . _:b663516541 "(forall (x) (if (ProcessBoundary x) (exists (y) (and (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion y) (occupiesTemporalRegion x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [085-002] " . _:b663520859 . _:b665798365 . _:b663520856 . _:b665798458 . _:b666208781 "intestinum crassum"^^ . _:b665798339 . _:b663520857 . _:b663516662 "A subdivision of the digestive tract that connects the small intestine to the cloaca or anus. Lacks or has few villi[Kardong]."^^ . _:b666238290 . _:b665860587 . _:b663520862 . _:b665860716 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b665798366 . _:b663515764 . _:b663520863 . _:b665798338 . _:b665860335 . _:b663520860 . _:b665860327 . _:b663515766 . _:b665862048 "A primary bacterial infectious disease caused by the bacteria of the genus Salmonella. It has sypmtoms diarrhea, fever, vomiting, and abdominal cramps 12 to 72 hours after infection. In most cases, the illness lasts four to seven days, and most people recover without treatment." . _:b663520861 . _:b665798363 . _:b666238210 "A disease that manifests in a defined anatomical structure." . _:b665798355 . _:b665860337 . _:b663516054 . _:b663520834 . _:b665860491 "To say that b is a realizable entity is to say that b is a specifically dependent continuant that inheres in some independent continuant which is not a spatial region and is of a type instances of which are realized in processes of a correlated type. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [058-002])"@en . _:b663515760 . _:b665798885 . _:b663516055 . _:b663520835 . _:b665798435 . _:b665860323 . _:b663520832 . _:b665860343 . _:b663516053 . _:b665860329 . _:b663520833 . _:b665798347 . _:b663520838 . _:b665860331 . _:b665806405 . _:b663520790 "(forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt x y t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [021-002] " . _:b665860370 . _:b665798357 . _:b663520839 . _:b665862799 "A disease by infectious agent that results_in infection, has_material_basis_in Bacteria." . _:b663515773 . _:b665862701 "All continuant parts of spatial regions are spatial regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [036-001])"@en . _:b663515771 . _:b665798359 . _:b665798344 . _:b663520836 . _:b665798364 . _:b663520234 _:b663520235 . _:b663520837 . _:b665860346 . _:b663515775 . _:b663520842 . _:b665860326 . _:b665860332 . _:b663520843 . _:b663516900 . _:b666238274 . _:b663520236 _:b663520237 . _:b665798354 . _:b663520840 . _:b665860320 . . _:b665798360 . _:b663520841 . _:b665860703 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b666239107 "MA"^^ . _:b663520846 . _:b665860322 . _:b665798310 . _:b665798320 . _:b663520847 . _:b665798318 . _:b663914067 "a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary (surface) is a self-connected fiat surface whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [033-001])"@en . _:b663520844 . _:b665860349 . _:b663520845 . _:b665861985 "(forall (x t) (if (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (bearerOfAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [060-002] " . _:b665798312 . _:b665860341 . _:b663520818 . _:b665861522 . _:b663520243 _:b663520244 . _:b663515744 . _:b665798306 . _:b665798326 . _:b665861521 . _:b663520819 . _:b665860347 . _:b665798497 "Every temporal region t is such that t occupies_temporal_region t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [119-002])"@en . _:b663520816 . _:b665798314 . _:b665861507 . _:b663520817 . _:b665860325 . _:b665798319 . _:b665806410 . _:b663520822 . _:b663515756 . _:b665798329 . _:b665860344 . _:b665798309 . _:b663520823 . _:b665860336 . _:b665862954 "Anterior end of the alimentary canal lined with smooth muscle. Bounded anteriorly by a constriction in the pharynx. Bounded posteriorly by and increase in circular and/or longitudinal smooth muscle associated with the stomach.[AAO]"^^ . _:b665797719 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b663520820 . _:b665860350 . _:b663520821 . _:b665860340 . _:b665798305 . _:b665798315 . _:b663520826 . _:b665860328 . _:b663516056 "3"^^ . _:b663520827 . _:b663520824 . _:b665798335 . _:b665860360 . _:b665860338 . _:b665860334 . _:b663520825 . _:b663520830 . _:b665860345 . _:b663515730 . _:b665798332 . . _:b665805720 . _:b665861508 . _:b663520831 . _:b666238844 "b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002])"@en . _:b663520828 . _:b665798324 . _:b665798496 . _:b663520829 . _:b665798497 . _:b665860407 . _:b665861505 . _:b665798499 . _:b665860302 . _:b663520802 . _:b665806430 . _:b665798464 . _:b665798498 . _:b665860307 . _:b665798779 . _:b665798308 . _:b665798491 . _:b663520803 . _:b663515735 . _:b665798490 . _:b665798311 . _:b665798330 . _:b663913564 "NCBITaxon:32443"^^ . _:b665860291 . _:b663520800 . _:b665798488 . _:b665798493 . _:b665798503 . _:b663520801 . _:b663515731 . _:b663516816 "intestinum jejunum"^^ . _:b665860310 . _:b665860403 . _:b665798492 . _:b666209266 . _:b663913224 "An occurrent is an entity that unfolds itself in time or it is the instantaneous boundary of such an entity (for example a beginning or an ending) or it is a temporal or spatiotemporal region which such an entity occupies_temporal_region or occupies_spatiotemporal_region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [077-002])"@en . _:b663520806 . _:b665798500 . _:b663520807 . _:b665860299 . _:b666209685 "ISBN:978-0521617147 Stevens CE and Hume ID, Comparative physiology of the vertebrate digestive system (2004) p.11"^^ . _:b665798333 . _:b665861517 . _:b663520804 . _:b665798506 . _:b663515742 . _:b665806454 . _:b665798327 . _:b663520805 . _:b665860293 . _:b665806203 . _:b665798485 . _:b665860295 . _:b665806449 . _:b665798489 . _:b665798317 . _:b665798504 . _:b666209593 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b663520810 . _:b663515736 . _:b665798321 . _:b665861514 . _:b665798507 . _:b665860300 . _:b663520811 . _:b665798323 . _:b665860319 . _:b665798487 . _:b663914159 . _:b665798505 . _:b665805717 . _:b665798510 . _:b666209585 . _:b663520808 . _:b665806420 . _:b663515728 . _:b665798508 . _:b666239268 . _:b665798511 . _:b666239288 . _:b666209675 "the portion of the small intestine that extends from the duodenum to the ileum"^^ . _:b665798328 . _:b663515729 . _:b663520809 . _:b665798279 . _:b666239289 . _:b663515726 . _:b665860290 . _:b663520814 . _:b665860316 . _:b665798494 . _:b666239290 . _:b665860296 . _:b663515727 . _:b663520815 . _:b665798483 . _:b663520371 . _:b665798509 . _:b663516064 . _:b665860289 . _:b663520812 . _:b663515724 . _:b665798518 . _:b665798276 . _:b665798519 . _:b663516065 . _:b665860317 . _:b663520813 . _:b665798283 . _:b663515725 . _:b663515719 . _:b666239265 . _:b663914242 . _:b666208749 . _:b666239293 . _:b663520786 . _:b665860309 . _:b665798512 . _:b663515718 . _:b663914241 . _:b665798516 . _:b663914448 . _:b665798274 . _:b665806383 . _:b666238442 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663520787 . _:b665860657 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b665798476 . _:b665860313 . _:b663914240 . _:b665798477 . _:b665798517 . _:b666239295 . _:b663520755 . _:b663914449 . _:b663520784 . _:b663520372 . _:b665862273 . _:b665806192 . _:b663914247 . _:b665860384 . _:b663520754 . _:b663520785 . _:b666209580 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b665860292 . _:b663520373 . _:b665862272 . _:b663515717 . _:b665798513 . _:b666239279 . _:b665860387 . _:b665798515 . _:b665798472 . _:b665860305 . _:b663520753 . _:b663516074 . _:b663520790 . _:b665862275 . _:b665798514 . _:b665798286 . _:b663914245 . _:b665798475 . _:b663520791 . _:b665862274 . _:b665798474 . _:b665798278 . . _:b665798298 . _:b665860308 . _:b663520788 . . _:b665798527 . . . _:b665798284 . _:b665860812 "lower intestine"^^ . . _:b663516073 . _:b665860318 . _:b663520789 . . . _:b665860298 . _:b665798468 . _:b665860399 . . . . _:b663520794 . _:b665798525 . . _:b665798273 . _:b663914160 . . . _:b663520756 . _:b665798471 . _:b665860311 . _:b663520795 . . . _:b665798281 . _:b665805500 . . _:b665798470 . . . _:b663520792 . _:b663520018 "A one-dimensional spatial region is a line or aggregate of lines stretching from one point in space to another. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [038-001])"@en . . . _:b665860301 . _:b665860304 . _:b665798467 . _:b665860314 . . . _:b666238432 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663520793 . _:b665798301 . _:b665798852 . . . _:b665798522 . . _:b665798465 . _:b663520798 . _:b663520760 . . _:b665798520 . . . _:b666238953 "url:http://www.health.state.ny.us/diseases/communicable/campylobacteriosis/fact_sheet.htm" . _:b665798294 . . _:b665798521 . _:b663520799 . _:b663520761 . . _:b665805369 "(forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [095-001] " . . _:b665798466 . . _:b665798526 . _:b665860263 . . . _:b663520796 . . . _:b665860436 . . _:b666239276 . _:b663520228 "esophagus NOT part of gut in MA. part of gut in ZFA. part_of gut (via UGIT) in FMA. Consider splitting. Interspecies: The human oesophagus is 25 cm long and has a diameter of ca. 2 cm. Only little information was found on the oesophagus in rat, rabbit and pig. The oesophagus of rat (75 x 2 mm) and rabbit has no mucous glands and the cardia of the stomach has a well-developed sphincter, which prevents them from vomiting (Hebel and Stromberg, 1988; Manning et al., 1994). Morphologically the oesophagus is similar in man and pig; both are omnivores and have a non-keratinised epithelium, submucous glands and similar membrane enzymes. Like in humans, pigs can suffer from reflux oesophagitis and stress ulceration of the oesophagus. The pig oesophagus may therefore be a good model for investigation compared to the human oesophagus (Christie et al., 1995)"^^ . _:b663520797 . . . _:b665798291 . . . . _:b665860261 . _:b663520770 . . . . _:b665798523 . _:b663520771 . . _:b665860810 "distal intestine"^^ . . _:b665860433 . _:b665798289 . _:b665798524 . _:b663520768 . . . . _:b665860258 . . _:b663520769 . _:b665798469 . _:b665860265 . _:b663520774 . . _:b665798302 . _:b666208672 "b is a process_profile =Def. there is some process c such that b process_profile_of c (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [093-002])"@en . . . . _:b665860256 . _:b663520775 . . _:b665798293 . . . . _:b665860271 . _:b663520772 . . _:b663914267 . . . _:b665860280 . . _:b663520773 . . _:b666239056 . _:b663914266 . . _:b665798473 . _:b665860283 . . _:b665798299 . . _:b663520778 . . _:b666239057 . . _:b665860260 . . _:b665860268 . . _:b663520779 . . _:b665798478 . . _:b663520776 . _:b666238451 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665798288 . _:b666209617 . _:b665861687 . . _:b665798296 . . . _:b665860266 . _:b663520777 . _:b663914270 . _:b666239257 . _:b663520782 . . . . . _:b663520783 . _:b665798479 . _:b666238366 "4"^^ . _:b666209618 . . . . _:b666239259 . . _:b665860284 . _:b663520780 . . . . _:b665860278 . . _:b663520781 . _:b665798481 . . _:b663515710 "if b is a continuant and if, for some t, c has_continuant_part b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [126-001])"@en . . . . _:b663515808 . . _:b665860286 . _:b666239262 . . . . _:b666239263 . . . . _:b666239104 . _:b665860274 . _:b666239248 . _:b665860281 . _:b666239280 . _:b663515811 . _:b665798480 . _:b666239249 . _:b663519985 "A spatiotemporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of spacetime. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [095-001])"@en . _:b666239281 . _:b663515818 . _:b663520297 . _:b665861377 . _:b665806347 . _:b663515821 . _:b663521044 "The first part of the small intestine. At the junction of the stomach and the duodenum the alimentary canal is inflected. The duodenum first goes anteriorly for a short distance, turns dorsally, and eventually caudally, thus it is a U-shaped structure with two horizontal sections (a ventral and a dorsal one)."^^ . _:b665860277 . _:b665798482 . _:b665860287 . . _:b665798540 "ISBN:978-3-938793-98-5pp124-158#Thomas Bittner and Barry Smith, 'A Theory of Granular Partitions', in K. Munn and B. Smith (eds.), Applied Ontology: An Introduction, Frankfurt/Lancaster: ontos, 2008, 125-158." . _:b665798486 . . _:b663515823 . . . . _:b663515816 . . _:b665805516 . _:b665860430 . _:b666239254 . _:b665798484 . _:b665861321 . _:b665860273 . _:b665860282 . _:b666239240 . _:b663515819 . _:b665798501 . _:b665798495 . _:b665861445 . _:b665860270 . _:b665798502 . _:b665805523 . _:b666239084 . _:b663515797 . _:b665860239 . _:b665806342 . _:b665860448 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b663520440 . _:b666239244 . _:b665797784 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b663515799 . _:b665860224 . _:b666239245 . _:b665860241 . _:b665806367 . _:b665860235 . _:b665860227 . _:b666239247 . _:b665860231 . _:b665860461 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b666239233 . _:b665860228 . _:b665797788 . _:b666209659 . _:b665797790 . _:b665797789 . _:b665797784 . _:b665797791 . _:b663520262 "AAO:0010400"^^ . _:b665797805 . _:b665806360 . _:b665860237 . _:b665860230 . _:b663914151 . _:b666239236 . _:b665797804 . _:b665797777 . _:b663913562 "ISBN:0815318960"^^ . _:b665797778 . _:b663515806 . _:b665861368 . _:b665797806 . _:b665860236 . _:b663520316 . _:b665862056 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campylobacteriosis" . _:b665797807 . _:b666239239 . _:b665860233 . _:b665860226 . _:b665797875 . _:b666238939 "a zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a fiat point whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [031-001])"@en . _:b665806389 . _:b665797803 . _:b665797802 . _:b665860255 . _:b663515779 . _:b666238423 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663515782 . _:b663520307 . _:b665860246 . _:b666209631 "ISBN:978-0521617147 Stevens CE and Hume ID, Comparative physiology of the vertebrate digestive system (2004) p.11"^^ . _:b665860225 . _:b665797811 . _:b666239250 . _:b665860466 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b665797808 . _:b663515777 . _:b665797810 . _:b665860240 . _:b663515773 "b is a role means: b is a realizable entity & b exists because there is some single bearer that is in some special physical, social, or institutional set of circumstances in which this bearer does not have to be& b is not such that, if it ceases to exist, then the physical make-up of the bearer is thereby changed. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [061-001])"@en . _:b665860243 . _:b663515780 . _:b665798926 . _:b665797809 . _:b665860250 . _:b663515788 . _:b665860229 . _:b665860234 . _:b665860245 . _:b663515791 . _:b665860232 . _:b665806367 . _:b665860253 . _:b666239041 . _:b665798923 . _:b663515784 . _:b665806388 . _:b665860238 . _:b663913971 "Every occurrent occupies_spatiotemporal_region some spatiotemporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [108-001])"@en . _:b665860251 . _:b665797823 . _:b663515786 . _:b665861297 "(iff (ZeroDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [031-001] " . _:b666238098 "b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002])"@en . _:b665860248 . _:b665860978 . _:b665861478 . _:b666238867 "Each spatiotemporal region projects_onto some temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [098-001])"@en . _:b665797818 . _:b665797761 . _:b666238372 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665797763 . _:b663520258 . _:b665797817 . _:b665797762 . _:b665797760 . _:b665860961 . _:b665860972 . _:b665860964 . _:b665797816 . _:b665797767 . _:b665806171 "a one-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a continuous fiat line whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [032-001])"@en . _:b665797766 . _:b665861346 . _:b665797822 . _:b665860765 . _:b665797819 . _:b665860980 . _:b665797764 . _:b665797820 . _:b665860965 . _:b665797765 . _:b663913967 "(forall (x) (if (Material Entity x) (exists (t) (and (TemporalRegion t) (existsAt x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [011-002] " . _:b663520292 . _:b665860967 . _:b665797821 . _:b665860970 . _:b665797774 . _:b665860987 . _:b665797812 . _:b665797775 . _:b665860984 . _:b665860968 . _:b665861480 . _:b665860973 . _:b666238397 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665797772 . _:b665860921 . _:b665797773 . _:b665860963 . _:b665797815 . _:b665860974 . _:b665863017 . _:b665797768 . _:b665797770 . _:b663520287 . _:b665797814 . _:b665863016 . _:b665797771 . _:b665860437 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b665797813 . _:b665863019 . _:b665860962 . _:b665863018 . _:b665797769 . _:b665797783 . _:b663516704 . _:b665863021 . _:b666208764 . _:b665860982 . _:b665797800 . _:b665863020 . _:b665860960 . _:b665797781 . _:b665797801 . _:b665860983 . _:b665860977 . _:b665860991 . _:b663516707 . _:b665860966 . _:b666238347 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665797779 . _:b665860985 . _:b665797780 . _:b665860518 "(forall (x) (if (Site x) (ImmaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [034-002] " . _:b663516872 . _:b665860979 . _:b665806550 . _:b665797776 . _:b665797782 . _:b665860971 . _:b665797795 . _:b665861400 . _:b665798070 "The first part of the small intestine. At the junction of the stomach and the duodenum the alimentary canal is inflected. The duodenum first goes anteriorly for a short distance, turns dorsally, and eventually caudally, thus it is a U-shaped structure with two horizontal sections (a ventral and a dorsal one)."^^ . _:b665860981 . _:b665860989 . _:b665860969 . _:b665863015 . _:b665860926 . _:b665797793 . _:b665797786 . _:b665860975 . _:b663516724 . _:b665797794 . _:b666239304 . _:b665797787 . _:b665860986 . _:b665797797 . _:b666239305 . _:b665805693 "MP:0002581"^^ . _:b663515753 . _:b665797785 . _:b665797792 . _:b665797799 . _:b665860976 . _:b665797798 . _:b663515752 . _:b665797796 . _:b666239313 . _:b666239307 . _:b663520741 "p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003])"@en . _:b666239279 "The first chamber in the alimentary canal of a ruminant stomach, composed of the rumen and reticulum."^^ . _:b663521186 . _:b666239316 . _:b663521187 . _:b663521184 . _:b663521185 . _:b666238360 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665861391 . _:b663515745 . _:b666208743 . _:b663521190 . _:b665861390 . _:b663515744 . _:b666239298 . _:b663521191 . _:b663515747 . _:b663521188 . _:b663515746 . _:b663515871 . _:b663521189 . _:b665860785 . _:b663515749 . _:b665860953 . _:b663515748 . _:b663516097 . _:b663515751 . _:b663521192 . _:b663515750 . _:b663521193 . _:b665860957 . _:b665860878 . _:b665860932 . _:b663516102 . _:b665860933 . _:b665860958 . _:b665860950 . _:b665860935 . . _:b663521170 . _:b665797832 . _:b665860934 . _:b663521171 . _:b665797833 . _:b663521168 . _:b665860954 . _:b665861336 . _:b663521169 . _:b665860945 . _:b663521174 . _:b665860931 . _:b663521175 . _:b665797831 . _:b663521172 . _:b665860949 . _:b663521173 . _:b663515765 . _:b663521178 . _:b663914379 . _:b663515764 . _:b663521179 . _:b665797829 . _:b665860955 . _:b663521176 . _:b665860936 . _:b663516115 . _:b663521177 . _:b665860944 . _:b663521182 . _:b665797720 "An entity is anything that exists or has existed or will exist. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [001-001])"@en . _:b665797830 . _:b663521183 . _:b663521180 . _:b665860823 . _:b663521181 . _:b665797826 . _:b665860820 . _:b665861285 "a one-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a continuous fiat line whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [032-001])"@en . _:b663521154 . _:b665797825 . _:b663521155 . _:b665797824 . _:b665797828 . _:b665797836 . _:b663521152 . _:b665797827 . _:b665860818 . _:b663521153 . _:b665861686 . _:b663521158 . _:b663521159 . _:b663521156 . _:b665862757 . _:b665860589 . _:b663521157 . _:b663521162 . _:b665797983 . _:b665797835 . _:b663521163 . _:b665797982 . _:b665797834 . _:b663521160 . . _:b663521161 . _:b665806476 . _:b663521166 . _:b663913211 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b665860502 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b663521167 . _:b663521164 . _:b665806479 . _:b663521165 . _:b663521138 . _:b665806473 . _:b665862699 "Spatial region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the union of a spatial point and a spatial line that doesn't overlap the point, or two spatial lines that intersect at a single point. In both cases the resultant spatial region is neither 0-dimensional, 1-dimensional, 2-dimensional, or 3-dimensional."@en . _:b663521139 . _:b665797990 . _:b663521136 . _:b665797989 . _:b666239310 . _:b663520973 . _:b665797988 . _:b663521137 . _:b663520972 . _:b665797987 . _:b663521142 . _:b666238856 "A temporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of time as defined relative to some reference frame. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [100-001])"@en . _:b663520975 . _:b665797986 . _:b663521143 . _:b665860815 . _:b666238840 "Every occurrent occupies_spatiotemporal_region some spatiotemporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [108-001])"@en . _:b663520974 . _:b665797985 . _:b663521140 . _:b663521141 . _:b665797984 . _:b663521146 . _:b663520971 . _:b663521147 . _:b663521144 . _:b665806486 . _:b663521145 . _:b663521150 . _:b663516048 "TAO:0001323"^^ . _:b663520076 . _:b663521151 . _:b665806471 . _:b663521148 . _:b665806470 . _:b663521149 . _:b663521122 . _:b666209068 . _:b663521123 . _:b663520321 . _:b663521120 . _:b665863175 . _:b663520320 . _:b663521121 . _:b665806500 . _:b663520323 . _:b663521126 . _:b663520322 . _:b663521127 . _:b665862272 "VHOG:0000055"^^ . _:b665798772 "intestinum caecum"^^ . _:b663521124 . _:b665861498 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b663521125 . _:b663516904 . _:b663521130 . _:b666238301 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665806497 . _:b663521131 . _:b666238358 . _:b663521128 . _:b666238291 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663521129 . _:b663521134 . _:b663521135 . _:b663520317 . _:b663521132 . _:b663520316 . _:b663521133 . _:b663520319 . _:b663521106 . _:b663520318 . _:b663521107 . _:b665860891 . _:b663521104 . _:b663521105 . _:b663521110 . _:b665806183 "(iff (ZeroDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [031-001] " . _:b663521111 . _:b663521108 . _:b666208833 . _:b663521109 . _:b666238828 "Continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example, in an expansion involving bringing in some of Ceuster's other portions of reality, questions are raised as to whether universals are continuants"@en . _:b665805529 . _:b663521114 . _:b663521115 . _:b665860466 "Temporal region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of a temporal instant and a temporal interval that doesn't overlap the instant. In this case the resultant temporal region is neither 0-dimensional nor 1-dimensional"@en . _:b666209679 . _:b663521112 . _:b663521113 . _:b665806335 "AAO"^^ . _:b663521118 . _:b665806524 . _:b663521119 . _:b663520065 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infectious_disease" . _:b665806525 . _:b663521116 . _:b665861102 . _:b665862035 "(forall (x y) (if (processProfileOf x y) (and (properContinuantPartOf x y) (exists (z t) (and (properOccurrentPartOf z y) (TemporalRegion t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion y t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion z t) (not (exists (w) (and (occurrentPartOf w x) (occurrentPartOf w z))))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [094-005] " . _:b665861107 . _:b663913702 . _:b663521117 . _:b663913703 . _:b663521090 . _:b663913390 . _:b663521091 . _:b666239189 "UMLS:C0022378"^^ . _:b665861099 . _:b665861110 . _:b663516457 "if b is a continuant and if, for some t, cis continuant_part of b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [009-002])"@en . _:b665861091 . _:b663521088 . _:b663521089 . _:b666239282 . _:b663521094 . _:b663521095 . _:b663913276 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b663521092 . _:b663521093 . _:b665861093 . _:b663521098 . _:b665861095 . _:b663521099 . _:b665861100 . _:b665861118 . _:b663521096 . _:b665861090 . _:b663521097 . _:b665797999 "VHOG:0000450"^^ . _:b665805655 . _:b663521102 . _:b665861096 . _:b665861117 . _:b663516839 . _:b663521103 . _:b665861119 . _:b666239141 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b663521100 . _:b663521101 . _:b663913222 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b666239273 . _:b663521074 . _:b665861109 . _:b665861089 . _:b663521075 . _:b665862299 "MP:0002581"^^ . _:b663521072 . _:b665861462 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b663913415 . _:b663521073 . _:b665861114 . _:b663516718 "AAO:0000579"^^ . _:b665861105 . _:b663521078 . _:b666239270 . _:b663521079 . _:b665861092 . _:b665861098 . _:b665861111 . _:b663521076 . _:b663521077 . _:b663521082 . _:b665861108 . _:b663521083 . _:b665861104 . _:b665861449 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b665861115 . _:b665806045 . _:b663521080 . _:b663521081 . _:b663521086 . _:b665861101 . _:b665806040 . _:b663521087 . _:b663521084 . _:b666209429 "A zero-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is without extent. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [102-001])"@en . _:b665861068 . _:b665861074 . _:b665797725 . _:b663521085 . _:b665797732 . _:b666209740 "FMA:71131"^^ . _:b665797724 . _:b663914094 . _:b663521058 . _:b665861060 . _:b663521059 . _:b665797740 . _:b666238143 . _:b665797726 . _:b665797734 . _:b663521056 . _:b666239284 . _:b666209739 "FMA:71131"^^ . _:b666238142 . _:b663521057 . _:b665797738 . _:b665797720 . _:b665797733 . _:b666238141 . _:b663521062 . _:b665861066 . _:b663913235 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b665805646 . _:b666238140 . _:b665797721 . _:b663521063 . _:b665797735 . _:b666239287 . _:b665797722 . _:b665806289 "AAO"^^ . _:b665861083 . _:b665797719 . _:b663521060 . _:b663521061 . _:b666209660 "BTO:0000651"^^ . _:b665861069 . _:b663521066 . _:b665861080 . _:b663521067 . _:b665861063 . _:b663913240 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b666239105 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b663521064 . _:b663521065 . _:b666239032 . _:b665861057 . _:b663516469 "(forall (x) (iff (Occurrent x) (and (Entity x) (exists (y) (temporalPartOf y x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [079-001] " . _:b665861059 . _:b665797736 . _:b666239095 "ncithesaurus:Stomach"^^ . _:b666239033 . _:b666208994 . _:b663521070 . _:b663521071 . _:b665861064 . _:b665861056 . _:b666208992 . _:b663520731 "A spatiotemporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of spacetime. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [095-001])"@en . _:b666209629 "UBERON:0001155"^^ . _:b663521068 . _:b665861078 . _:b666208993 . _:b663521069 . _:b665806246 . _:b665860751 . _:b663521042 . _:b665861084 . _:b663521043 . _:b665861086 . _:b663521040 . _:b665805082 . _:b665861062 . _:b665806262 . _:b663521041 . _:b663914421 . _:b665861081 . _:b663521046 . _:b665861073 . _:b663914420 . _:b665797750 . _:b663521047 . _:b666239213 . _:b665797751 . _:b665797749 . _:b665861087 . _:b665797753 . _:b666239027 . _:b665861077 . _:b663521044 . _:b665797752 . _:b665797754 . _:b666239028 . _:b663521045 . _:b665805087 . _:b665861065 . _:b663521050 . _:b666238160 . _:b666239030 . _:b663521051 . _:b666238161 . _:b666238166 . _:b665861071 . _:b666239031 . _:b665797758 . _:b665861072 . _:b663521048 . _:b665806269 . _:b663521049 . _:b665861082 . _:b665797759 . _:b666239226 . _:b665863030 "UMLS:C0013303"^^ . _:b663521054 . _:b666238165 . _:b665797757 . _:b666239092 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b663521055 . _:b665861075 . _:b663521052 . _:b665861036 . _:b663521053 . _:b663520318 "VHOG:0000647"^^ . _:b663521026 . _:b666238371 . _:b665798809 "UMLS:C0021852"^^ . _:b663521027 . _:b665861039 . _:b665861028 . _:b665861044 . _:b665797755 . _:b666238174 . _:b666239256 . _:b663521024 . _:b665797756 . _:b666238175 . _:b665861032 . _:b663515818 "requested by Melanie Courtot" . _:b665797748 . _:b663521025 . _:b663521030 . _:b665861047 . _:b666239012 . _:b666238173 . _:b665861024 . _:b663521031 . _:b665798621 . _:b663521028 . _:b665797745 . _:b666238991 . _:b666238147 . _:b663521029 . _:b665861403 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b665797744 . _:b663521034 . _:b665861037 . _:b665861030 . _:b665797747 . _:b663521035 . _:b666238394 . _:b665797746 . _:b663521032 . _:b665861053 . _:b663521033 . _:b665805171 . _:b665805348 "A spatial region is a continuant entity that is a continuant_part_of spaceR as defined relative to some frame R. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [035-001])"@en . _:b666238148 . _:b665861033 . _:b663521038 . _:b663521039 . _:b665861027 . _:b663521036 . _:b663521037 . _:b665861046 . _:b665797741 . _:b665806055 . _:b665861054 . _:b665797742 . _:b665861026 . _:b666239175 . _:b665861029 . _:b665861048 . _:b665861042 . _:b665806050 . _:b666238992 . _:b665797737 . _:b666238993 . _:b665805180 . _:b665861050 . _:b666238999 . _:b666238994 . _:b665797739 . _:b665861055 . _:b665805802 . _:b665861045 . _:b665861990 "If an entity is a quality at any time that it exists, then it is a quality at every time that it exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [105-001])"@en . _:b666209422 "b is a relational quality = Def. for some independent continuants c, d and for some time t: b quality_of c at t & b quality_of d at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [057-001])"@en . _:b665861035 . _:b663516723 "ventriculus"^^ . _:b665860837 . _:b665805153 . _:b665805569 . _:b665861041 . _:b665797723 . _:b665861051 . _:b665860836 . _:b666238826 "Entity doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example Werner Ceusters 'portions of reality' include 4 sorts, entities (as BFO construes them), universals, configurations, and relations. It is an open question as to whether entities as construed in BFO will at some point also include these other portions of reality. See, for example, 'How to track absolutely everything' at http://www.referent-tracking.com/_RTU/papers/CeustersICbookRevised.pdf"@en . _:b666238990 . _:b665797729 . _:b666239185 . _:b665797728 . _:b665797730 . _:b665797731 . _:b665861038 . _:b665797743 . _:b665797727 . _:b665860999 . _:b666239231 . _:b665805158 . _:b665861006 . _:b663521038 . _:b665860997 . _:b665862211 "ncithesaurus:Esophagus"^^ . _:b666238991 . _:b665805162 . _:b665805576 . _:b665860994 . _:b665861001 . _:b666208937 . _:b666239194 . _:b665860992 . _:b666238178 . _:b665798588 _:b665798587 . _:b665861007 . _:b665860996 . _:b665860721 . _:b665861016 . _:b666238980 . _:b665805785 . _:b666238176 . _:b666238981 . _:b666238177 . _:b665861004 . _:b665805138 . _:b666239136 . _:b665798587 _:b665798586 . _:b666239046 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b665798643 . _:b665861002 . _:b665860727 . _:b666208928 . _:b665798585 _:b665798588 . _:b665861014 . _:b665860710 . _:b665805143 . _:b665861023 . _:b666239101 . _:b665860763 . _:b666239102 . _:b665861012 . _:b666239103 . _:b665861019 . _:b665861009 . _:b665805148 . _:b663913212 "An entity is anything that exists or has existed or will exist. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [001-001])"@en . . _:b665798615 _:b665798614 . . . . . . . . . _:b665798614 _:b665798613 . . . . _:b665861020 . . _:b663521186 . . . . _:b665861011 . . _:b666238232 "1"^^ . . . . _:b665798611 _:b665798610 . . . . . . _:b665861017 . . . . _:b666239082 . . _:b665798610 _:b665798609 . . _:b666239155 . . . _:b666239083 . . . . _:b665798623 _:b665798627 . . . _:b666239084 . . . _:b665861015 . . _:b666239085 . _:b665798603 _:b665798604 . . _:b665805128 . . . . . _:b666239086 . . . _:b665798608 _:b665798611 . . _:b666239087 . . . . . . . . . . . . _:b665861010 . _:b665798612 _:b665798615 . . _:b666239074 . . _:b666238231 "1"^^ . _:b665805133 . . . _:b665861021 . . . . . . . . _:b666239165 . . . . . . . . . _:b666208908 . . . _:b665798599 _:b665798598 . . _:b665805234 . _:b666239148 . . . . _:b666239297 . _:b665862237 "BTO:0000166"^^ . . _:b665861652 . . . . _:b665862236 "BTO:0000166"^^ . . _:b665806040 _:b665806044 . _:b665798598 _:b665798597 . . _:b663914249 "VHOG:0001751"^^ . _:b665805782 . . . . . _:b666239151 . . . _:b666239067 . . _:b665861655 . . . . _:b666239068 . . . . . . _:b666239145 . _:b666239069 . . . _:b665798596 _:b665798599 . . _:b665862235 "BTO:0000166"^^ . . . _:b666239111 . . . _:b666239071 . _:b665862234 "BTO:0000166"^^ . . . _:b666238173 "A material entity is an independent continuant that has some portion of matter as proper or improper continuant part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [019-002])"@en . _:b665806045 _:b665806049 . . . . _:b665805243 . . . _:b665860995 . _:b663521008 "AAO:0010400"^^ . . . _:b666208884 "The posterior intestine has short longitudinally arranged epithelial folds which are similar to the colon of higher vertebrates. Wallace et al, 2005.[TAO]"^^ . . . . . . . _:b665861005 . . . . _:b665798653 _:b665798652 . . . . . _:b665798633 _:b665798634 . _:b665805763 . . . . _:b665805216 . . . . . . _:b665798652 _:b665798650 . . _:b663521004 . _:b665806055 _:b665806059 . _:b665798645 _:b665798648 . . . . _:b665860665 . _:b665861000 . . . . _:b665861537 "NCBITaxon:9606"^^ . . . . . . . . . . _:b665798648 _:b665798647 . . . _:b665798638 _:b665798639 . . . . . . . _:b665798649 _:b665798653 . . . _:b665806050 _:b665806054 . . _:b665863017 "TAO"^^ . . _:b665861633 . . . _:b663516657 . . . _:b665805225 . _:b665798647 _:b665798646 . . . . _:b665798641 _:b665798640 . . _:b666239163 . . _:b665805768 . _:b665798642 _:b665798641 . . . _:b666239040 . . . _:b666208918 . . _:b665861043 . . _:b666239041 . . . _:b665805774 . . . _:b666239042 . . _:b665798628 _:b665798629 . . . . . . . _:b665861052 . . . . _:b665805811 . . . . . . . _:b665862661 _:b665862665 . . . . . . . _:b666208879 . _:b665798637 _:b665798636 . _:b663519998 "If b is a realizable entity then for all t at which b exists, b s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [063-002])"@en . . _:b665862656 _:b665862660 . . _:b666239160 . . . . _:b663914034 "(forall (x) (if (ObjectAggregate x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y z) (and (Object y) (Object z) (memberPartOfAt y x t) (memberPartOfAt z x t) (not (= y z)))))) (not (exists (w t_1) (and (memberPartOfAt w x t_1) (not (Object w)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [025-004] " . . . _:b666239161 . _:b663520828 . . . _:b665798650 _:b665798651 . . _:b666239162 . . . . _:b665798636 _:b665798635 . . _:b663520316 . . . . . _:b666239164 . _:b665798627 _:b665798626 . _:b663520317 . . _:b665805207 . . . . _:b665798627 _:b665798624 . _:b663520318 . . . . . _:b663520319 . _:b665798626 _:b665798625 . . . _:b665805817 . _:b665861025 . . . _:b663520312 . . . _:b665798639 _:b665798642 . . . _:b666239152 . _:b663520313 . . . . . _:b666239153 . . _:b665798634 _:b665798637 . . . . . . . _:b663520308 . _:b665798440 _:b665798437 . _:b665798466 "An entity is anything that exists or has existed or will exist. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [001-001])"@en . _:b663520309 . _:b665798684 . _:b666239157 . _:b663520310 . _:b663520818 . _:b663520311 . _:b665798440 _:b665798439 . _:b665805793 . _:b663520304 . _:b665798445 _:b665798444 . _:b666239088 . _:b665798445 _:b665798442 . _:b665805798 . _:b665861034 . _:b666239146 . _:b663520307 . _:b665806187 "A bacterial infectious disease that results_in infection by bacteria as a result of their presence or activity within the normal, healthy host, and their intrinsic virulence is, in part, a necessary consequence of their need to reproduce and spread." . _:b665805189 . _:b665798444 _:b665798443 . _:b663520300 . _:b665798434 _:b665798433 . _:b666239105 "Anterior end of the alimentary canal lined with smooth muscle. Bounded anteriorly by a constriction in the pharynx. Bounded posteriorly by and increase in circular and/or longitudinal smooth muscle associated with the stomach.[AAO]"^^ . _:b665805814 "To say that each spatiotemporal region s temporally_projects_onto some temporal region t is to say that t is the temporal extension of s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [080-003])"@en . _:b665798435 _:b665798434 . _:b666209033 . _:b663520301 . _:b665861079 . _:b663520302 . _:b663520303 . _:b665798432 _:b665798435 . _:b665862991 "TAO"^^ . _:b663520749 "(forall (x t) (if (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (bearerOfAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [060-002] " . _:b663520297 . _:b665798462 _:b665798464 . _:b663520298 . _:b663913215 "if b is a continuant and if, for some t, c has_continuant_part b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [126-001])"@en . _:b666239039 "intestinum crassum"^^ . _:b663520299 . _:b665798439 _:b665798438 . _:b665805805 . _:b666239139 . _:b663520292 . _:b665805198 . _:b666239100 . _:b666239098 . _:b665798461 _:b665798460 . _:b663520293 . _:b665805713 . _:b663520288 . _:b663520289 . _:b663520102 . _:b666209377 "(forall (x) (if (exists (t) (and (existsAt x t) (Quality x))) (forall (t_1) (if (existsAt x t_1) (Quality x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [105-001] " . _:b663520290 . _:b665861983 "To say that b is a realizable entity is to say that b is a specifically dependent continuant that inheres in some independent continuant which is not a spatial region and is of a type instances of which are realized in processes of a correlated type. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [058-002])"@en . _:b665805718 . _:b665798458 _:b665798457 . _:b663520291 . _:b666239043 . _:b665798459 _:b665798461 . _:b665861061 . _:b665798455 _:b665798454 . _:b665805665 "The terminal region of the mid intestine is comprised of specialized enterocytes that appear to play a role in mucosal immunity. Wallace et al, 2005.[TAO]"^^ . _:b665798450 _:b665798447 . _:b663520979 . _:b663515763 "(forall (x) (if (RealizableEntity x) (and (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (inheresIn x y)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [058-002] " . _:b666239081 . _:b665798456 _:b665798458 . _:b665798454 _:b665798453 . _:b665798455 _:b665798452 . _:b663520287 . _:b665805457 . _:b665798449 _:b665798448 . _:b666239135 . _:b665798450 _:b665798449 . _:b665798577 "zero dimension continuant fiat boundaries are not spatial points. Considering the example 'the quadripoint where the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona meet' : There are many frames in which that point is zooming through many points in space. Whereas, no matter what the frame, the quadripoint is always in the same relation to the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona."@en . _:b663914263 "blindgut"^^ . _:b666239076 . _:b666239121 . _:b666239078 . _:b665860712 . _:b666239123 . _:b665798402 _:b665798401 . _:b663913512 "VHOG:0001559"^^ . _:b665861070 . _:b665862803 "A gastrointestinal system infectious disease that involves inflammation of the lining of the stomach and small and large intestines, which is caused by viruses, bacteria, or parasites. Chemicals and drugs also cause gastroenteritis. The symptoms include diarrhea, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, cramps, and discomfort in the abdomen." . _:b665798401 _:b665798400 . _:b665798407 _:b665798406 . _:b666239075 . _:b665805282 . _:b663516825 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b665798404 _:b665798403 . _:b665798405 _:b665798404 . _:b665805446 . _:b665805702 . _:b666239114 . . _:b663516827 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b665805286 . _:b665798408 _:b665798412 . . _:b663520800 "(iff (ProcessProfile a) (exists (b) (and (Process b) (processProfileOf a b)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [093-002] " . _:b663516826 "BTO:0000620"^^ . . . . _:b665805707 . . . . . _:b665798410 _:b665798409 . . _:b665798411 _:b665798410 . . _:b666209534 "AAO:EJS"^^ . . . _:b663520264 . _:b665798412 _:b665798411 . . _:b665805290 . _:b663913980 "(iff (IndependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (not (exists (b t) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [017-002] " . _:b663520265 . _:b665798413 _:b665798415 . _:b666208854 . _:b665798415 _:b665798414 . _:b663914076 "url:https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/general/index.html" . _:b665861106 . _:b665861116 . _:b663520261 . _:b665805748 "FMA:71131"^^ . _:b666239109 . _:b663520262 . _:b665805749 "FMA:71131"^^ . _:b665861289 "(forall (x y) (if (processProfileOf x y) (and (properContinuantPartOf x y) (exists (z t) (and (properOccurrentPartOf z y) (TemporalRegion t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion y t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion z t) (not (exists (w) (and (occurrentPartOf w x) (occurrentPartOf w z))))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [094-005] " . _:b663520263 . _:b663520956 . _:b663914009 . _:b665805266 . _:b663914008 . _:b666239224 . _:b663521117 "A proximal-distal subdivision of the digestive tract."^^ . _:b663520245 . _:b663520258 . . _:b663914010 . . _:b663520259 . . . _:b666238424 "UMLS:C0021852"^^ . . _:b665798428 _:b665798431 . . . . . _:b665861935 "if b is a material entity, then there is some temporal interval (referred to below as a one-dimensional temporal region) during which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [011-002])"@en . _:b665805271 . . . . _:b666239229 . _:b665798431 _:b665798430 . . . . . _:b666239230 . _:b665798965 . . . . _:b665798430 _:b665798429 . . . . _:b665805752 . _:b665861088 . . . . _:b665798424 _:b665798427 . . . . . . . _:b665798426 _:b665798425 . . _:b666239218 . _:b665798427 _:b665798426 . . . _:b665805757 . . _:b665860682 . _:b663520372 . _:b666239220 . _:b663520373 . _:b665805731 . _:b663914007 . _:b665862137 . _:b663521065 . _:b665861097 . _:b666239223 . _:b665862136 . _:b666208831 . _:b663521064 . _:b663520911 . _:b663521067 . _:b665805252 . _:b663521066 . _:b665860685 . _:b663520371 . _:b663521069 . _:b666208847 "AAO:0000145"^^ . _:b663521068 . _:b665861557 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b666239029 . _:b663914025 "(forall (x) (if (Role x) (RealizableEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [061-001] " . _:b665861556 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b665805738 . _:b665861558 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b666239215 . _:b666239228 . _:b663520902 . _:b666208777 . _:b666239034 . _:b665798743 "Tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach. In mammals, the oesophagus connects the buccal cavity with the stomach. The stratified squamous non-keratinised epithelium lining the buccal cavity is continued through the pharynx down into the oesophagus. The lowest part of the oesophagus (ca. 2 cm) is lined with gastric mucosa and covered by peritoneum. The main body of the oesophagus is lined with small, simple mucous glands. Each gland opens into the lumen by a long duct which pierces the muscularis mucosae (Wilson and Washington, 1989). A sphincter is situated at the point where the oesophagus enters the stomach to prevent gastro-oesophageal reflux, i.e. to prevent acidic gastric contents from reaching stratified epithelia of the oesophagus, where they can cause inflammation and irritation (Wilson and Washington, 1989; Brown et al., 1993)."^^ . _:b663913611 . _:b665806441 "UMLS:C0020885"^^ . _:b663913610 . _:b663913961 . _:b663521063 . _:b663914092 "A disease of anatomical entity that is located_in the gastrointestinal tract." . _:b663521062 . _:b663913965 . _:b666239193 . _:b666239225 . _:b663913972 . _:b665805593 "gaster"^^ . _:b666239142 "TAO"^^ . _:b663913971 . _:b663913974 . _:b663521137 . _:b663913978 . _:b663913973 . _:b665805459 . _:b666239184 . _:b665798400 _:b665798399 . _:b663913976 . _:b663520259 _:b663520260 . _:b663913970 . _:b663521140 . _:b663914392 . _:b665798733 "We restrict this to the vertebrate specific structure - see the grouping class 'food storage organ' for analogous structures in other species. Teleosts: Zebrafish is functionally stomach-less, but may retain ontogenic footprint. Although the precise shape and size of the stomach varies widely among different vertebrates, the relative positions of the oesophageal and duodenal openings remain relatively constant. As a result, the organ always curves somewhat to the left before curving back to meet the pyloric sphincter. However, lampreys, hagfishes, chimaeras, lungfishes, and some teleost fish have no stomach at all, with the oesophagus opening directly into the intestine. The gastric lining is usually divided into two regions, an anterior portion lined by fundic glands, and a posterior with pyloric glands. Cardiac glands are unique to mammals, and even then are absent in a number of species. The distributions of these glands vary between species, and do not always correspond with the same regions as in man. Furthermore, in many non-human mammals, a portion of the stomach anterior to the cardiac glands is lined with epithelium essentially identical to that of the oesophagus. Ruminants, in particular, have a complex stomach, the first three chambers of which are all lined with oesophageal mucosa"^^ . _:b663913980 . _:b665797846 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campylobacteriosis" . _:b666208786 . _:b663516730 . _:b663913977 . _:b665806373 . _:b665798464 _:b665798463 . _:b663913983 . _:b666209676 "VHOG:0000053"^^ . _:b665806372 . _:b663914231 . _:b663913982 . _:b663913979 . _:b665798685 "AAO:0000246"^^ . _:b666238114 "(forall (x y) (if (and (TemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (TemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [101-001] " . _:b665860554 "A history is a process that is the sum of the totality of processes taking place in the spatiotemporal region occupied by a material entity or site, including processes on the surface of the entity or within the cavities to which it serves as host. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [138-001])"@en . _:b665860914 . _:b666239173 . _:b665861929 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b663913975 . _:b663914234 . _:b663520320 . _:b663913981 . _:b665861940 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b663520321 . _:b666209340 "All continuant parts of spatial regions are spatial regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [036-001])"@en . _:b663520322 . _:b663913968 . _:b663913969 . _:b663520323 . _:b663914302 "intestinum tenue"^^ . _:b663913964 . _:b663914303 "intestinum tenue"^^ . _:b665862991 "The posterior intestine has short longitudinally arranged epithelial folds which are similar to the colon of higher vertebrates. Wallace et al, 2005.[TAO]"^^ . _:b663913967 . _:b663516021 "AAO"^^ . _:b663913966 . _:b663913960 . _:b663913963 . _:b665860565 "url:http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec09/ch122/ch122a.html" . _:b663913962 . _:b665860911 . _:b666209424 "a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary (surface) is a self-connected fiat surface whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [033-001])"@en . _:b663913959 . _:b663913957 . _:b665798352 _:b665798351 . _:b663520438 . _:b663913958 . _:b665798357 _:b665798356 . _:b663520439 . _:b665798358 _:b665798361 . _:b665798367 _:b665798370 . _:b665798354 _:b665798353 . _:b665798355 _:b665798354 . _:b663520234 . _:b666238122 "Every spatiotemporal region s is such that s occupies_spatiotemporal_region s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [107-002])"@en . _:b663520382 . _:b663520807 "(iff (ZeroDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [031-001] " . _:b665798364 _:b665798363 . _:b665860838 . _:b665860956 . _:b663520233 . _:b665805388 "Specifically dependent continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. We're not sure what else will develop here, but for example there are questions such as what are promises, obligation, etc."@en . _:b663515972 "AAO"^^ . _:b665860959 . _:b663520238 . _:b666238350 "BTO:0001307"^^ . _:b665860951 . _:b663520239 . _:b665798366 _:b665798365 . _:b663520236 . _:b665860952 . _:b665798336 _:b665798335 . _:b665798361 _:b665798360 . _:b665862061 . _:b665860946 . _:b665798363 _:b665798362 . _:b665798360 _:b665798359 . _:b665798339 _:b665798338 . _:b663520828 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_gastrointestinal_tract" . _:b665797730 "Occurrent doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the sum of a process and the process boundary of another process."@en . _:b666209340 . _:b666209341 . _:b665798337 _:b665798336 . _:b666208994 "FMA:71131"^^ . _:b663914163 . _:b665798343 _:b665798342 . _:b663914257 "UMLS:C0007531"^^ . _:b666209342 . _:b666209343 . _:b665798342 _:b665798341 . _:b665797485 . _:b665798340 _:b665798343 . _:b666209336 . _:b666208993 "FMA:71131"^^ . _:b666209337 . _:b665861310 . _:b663520412 . _:b666209338 . _:b665797489 . _:b663520413 . _:b666209339 . _:b665860835 . _:b665798345 _:b665798344 . _:b663519730 . _:b666209332 . _:b665798349 _:b665798352 . _:b666208758 . _:b665798346 _:b665798345 . _:b665797480 . _:b663519731 . _:b666209333 . _:b665860848 . _:b665797493 . _:b666209334 . _:b663519728 . _:b665798348 _:b665798347 . _:b663516803 "The first part of the small intestine. At the junction of the stomach and the duodenum the alimentary canal is inflected. The duodenum first goes anteriorly for a short distance, turns dorsally, and eventually caudally, thus it is a U-shaped structure with two horizontal sections (a ventral and a dorsal one)."^^ . _:b666209335 . _:b663519729 . _:b665797498 . _:b665798351 _:b665798350 . _:b663519734 . _:b666209328 . _:b663515985 "AAO"^^ . _:b665797486 . _:b663516906 . _:b665797496 . _:b666209329 . _:b663519735 . _:b663520240 . _:b665798396 _:b665798395 . _:b666209330 . _:b663519732 . _:b665798397 _:b665798396 . _:b663520241 . _:b665797502 . _:b666209331 . _:b663519733 . _:b665805315 . _:b663519738 . _:b666209324 . _:b665860840 . _:b663519739 . _:b666209325 . _:b665797481 . _:b665798398 _:b665798397 . _:b663520400 . _:b666209326 . _:b663519736 . _:b665805312 . _:b663519737 . _:b666209327 . _:b665797503 . _:b665798393 _:b665798392 . _:b665798394 _:b665798398 . _:b663519742 . _:b666209320 . _:b663913711 "2024-08-09T18:13:04.759933"^^ . _:b665805318 . _:b663519743 . _:b666209321 . _:b665798391 _:b665798390 . _:b665860564 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campylobacteriosis" . _:b663520104 . _:b666209322 . _:b663519740 . _:b665798384 _:b665798383 . _:b666209323 . _:b663516813 "MGI:monikat"^^ . _:b663519741 . _:b663520888 . _:b665797499 . _:b665798390 _:b665798389 . _:b665797491 . _:b665798388 _:b665798387 . _:b666209316 . _:b663519714 . _:b663519715 . _:b666209317 . _:b665805321 . _:b663519712 . _:b666209318 . _:b665798387 _:b665798386 . _:b663519713 . _:b666209319 . _:b663516794 "TAO"^^ . _:b663519718 . _:b665797494 . _:b663520395 . _:b663519719 . _:b665798385 _:b665798388 . _:b663520344 . _:b663519716 . _:b666209314 . _:b665797497 . _:b665860826 . _:b663914177 "AAO:0000246"^^ . _:b665797500 . _:b665861606 . _:b665798376 _:b665798379 . _:b666209315 . _:b663519717 . _:b666209300 . _:b663519722 . _:b665797490 . _:b665798378 _:b665798377 . _:b665860990 . _:b665798379 _:b665798378 . _:b665861994 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b663519723 . _:b666209603 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b663519720 . _:b665797501 . _:b665798381 _:b665798380 . _:b663520106 . _:b663519721 . _:b665860829 . _:b663519726 . _:b663519727 . _:b666239168 "TAO"^^ . _:b665798382 _:b665798381 . _:b663519724 . _:b665798370 _:b665798369 . _:b666209295 . _:b663519725 . _:b663913958 "An entity is anything that exists or has existed or will exist. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [001-001])"@en . _:b665798369 _:b665798368 . _:b665798375 _:b665798374 . _:b666209290 . _:b663520341 . _:b665798372 _:b665798371 . _:b663519702 . _:b665798373 _:b665798372 . _:b663519703 . _:b665798757 "VHOG:0001751"^^ . . _:b665798274 _:b665798273 . _:b666238080 . _:b665798275 _:b665798277 . _:b666238081 . _:b663519706 . _:b666209285 . _:b663519707 . _:b665798279 _:b665798278 . _:b663519704 . _:b663519705 . _:b663519710 . _:b665798277 _:b665798276 . _:b665861958 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b663519711 . _:b665862138 "cjm"^^ . _:b663516768 "TAO"^^ . _:b663913997 "Each spatiotemporal region at any time t projects_onto some spatial region at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [099-001])"@en . _:b663519708 . _:b663515817 "(iff (TwoDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [033-001] " . _:b665798280 _:b665798282 . _:b663519709 . _:b665861953 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b665798282 _:b665798281 . _:b665860702 "An expanded region of the vertebrate alimentary tract that serves as a food storage compartment and digestive organ. A stomach is lined, in whole or in part by a glandular epithelium."^^ . _:b665798284 _:b665798283 . _:b665798285 _:b665798287 . _:b665806463 . _:b665798287 _:b665798286 . _:b665798294 _:b665798293 . _:b665798292 _:b665798291 . _:b666209404 . _:b665805522 . _:b665798295 _:b665798297 . _:b666209405 . _:b666209406 . _:b665798290 _:b665798292 . _:b666209407 . _:b666209400 . _:b666209401 . _:b665798289 _:b665798288 . _:b665798300 _:b665798303 . _:b666209402 . _:b665805422 "b is a continuant fiat boundary = Def. b is an immaterial entity that is of zero, one or two dimensions and does not include a spatial region as part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [029-001])"@en . _:b666209403 . _:b665798303 _:b665798302 . _:b666209396 . _:b666209397 . _:b663515926 "AAO"^^ . _:b666209397 "b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001])"@en . _:b665798302 _:b665798301 . _:b666209398 . _:b666209399 . _:b665798297 _:b665798296 . _:b666209392 . _:b665798299 _:b665798298 . _:b666209393 . _:b666209394 . _:b666209395 . _:b665798313 _:b665798316 . _:b666209388 . _:b665798315 _:b665798314 . _:b666237906 . _:b665798312 _:b665798311 . _:b666209389 . _:b665861189 "if b is a material entity, then there is some temporal interval (referred to below as a one-dimensional temporal region) during which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [011-002])"@en . _:b665805505 . _:b663515716 "(forall (x) (if (Material Entity x) (exists (t) (and (TemporalRegion t) (existsAt x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [011-002] " . _:b665798316 _:b665798315 . _:b666209390 . _:b666238533 . _:b666239274 . _:b665805518 . _:b666209391 . _:b665798319 _:b665798318 . _:b666237911 . _:b666209384 . _:b663913309 "(forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [020-002] " . _:b665805510 . . _:b666209385 . _:b665798318 _:b665798317 . _:b666209386 . _:b665798306 _:b665798305 . _:b665798307 _:b665798306 . _:b666237908 . _:b666209387 . _:b663914176 "Segment of the alimentary canal extending from the stomach to the anus and, in humans and other mammals, consists of two segments, the small intestine and the large intestine."^^ . _:b666209380 . _:b665805514 . _:b665798304 _:b665798307 . _:b666209381 . _:b666237913 . _:b666209382 . _:b665862081 . _:b666209383 . _:b665798310 _:b665798309 . _:b665797734 "b is an occurrent entity iff b is an entity that has temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [079-001])"@en . _:b666209376 . _:b665798309 _:b665798308 . _:b663520860 . _:b663913722 . _:b666209377 . _:b665862284 "UMLS:C0013303"^^ . _:b666209378 . _:b665798333 _:b665798332 . _:b665861237 "To say that b is a realizable entity is to say that b is a specifically dependent continuant that inheres in some independent continuant which is not a spatial region and is of a type instances of which are realized in processes of a correlated type. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [058-002])"@en . _:b666237916 . _:b665860779 "TAO"^^ . _:b666209379 . _:b665863175 . _:b665805555 . _:b663913717 . _:b666237891 . _:b666209372 . _:b666209373 . _:b665798334 _:b665798333 . _:b666209374 . _:b666237888 . _:b666209375 . _:b666209368 . _:b665798330 _:b665798329 . _:b665798331 _:b665798334 . _:b665798328 _:b665798327 . _:b666209369 . _:b663914258 "VHOG:0001559"^^ . _:b666237893 . _:b666208520 . _:b665863168 . _:b665798327 _:b665798326 . _:b666209370 . _:b665862980 "blind intestine"^^ . _:b663520264 . _:b666209371 . _:b665805267 . _:b665798324 _:b665798323 . _:b666209364 . _:b665798325 _:b665798324 . _:b666237898 . _:b666209365 . _:b666209366 . _:b665805560 . _:b665798322 _:b665798325 . _:b666237896 . _:b665798272 _:b665798271 . _:b666209367 . _:b666237903 . _:b666209360 . _:b666209361 . _:b665798321 _:b665798320 . _:b666237901 . _:b666209362 . _:b665798269 _:b665798268 . _:b665860798 "the portion of the small intestine that extends from the duodenum to the ileum"^^ . _:b666209363 . _:b666238504 . _:b666209356 . _:b666237938 . _:b666209357 . _:b666209358 . _:b666209359 . _:b665862271 "TAO:0001323"^^ . _:b666209352 . _:b665798266 _:b665798265 . _:b665798267 _:b665798266 . _:b665798264 _:b665798263 . _:b666209353 . _:b665798263 _:b665798262 . _:b666237941 . _:b665805253 . _:b666209354 . _:b666239142 "The posterior intestine has short longitudinally arranged epithelial folds which are similar to the colon of higher vertebrates. Wallace et al, 2005.[TAO]"^^ . _:b666209355 . _:b665798262 _:b665798261 . _:b666237947 . _:b665798260 _:b665798259 . _:b666209348 . _:b665860753 "TAO"^^ . _:b666209349 . _:b666209350 . _:b665798258 _:b665798257 . _:b666237944 . _:b666209351 . _:b666209344 . _:b666237950 . _:b665805460 . _:b666209345 . _:b665798257 _:b665798256 . _:b665805549 . _:b663516806 "In humans, the duodenum is a hollow jointed tube about 10-15 inches (25-38 centimetres) long connecting the stomach to the jejunum. It begins with the duodenal bulb and ends at the ligament of Treitz."^^ . _:b666209346 . _:b663520986 "ncithesaurus:Rectum"^^ . _:b666209347 . _:b665798249 _:b665798248 . _:b666237923 . _:b663520290 . _:b665798251 _:b665798250 . _:b663913422 "VHOG:0000054"^^ . _:b665798248 _:b665798247 . _:b665861554 "ISBN:978-0521617147 Stevens CE and Hume ID, Comparative physiology of the vertebrate digestive system (2004) p.11"^^ . _:b665798253 _:b665798252 . _:b665805456 . _:b666237920 . _:b665798240 _:b665798239 . _:b666238285 . _:b665797619 . _:b665797613 . _:b665798255 _:b665798254 . _:b666237926 . _:b663516082 "posterior intestine"^^ . _:b665798254 _:b665798253 . _:b665797605 . _:b665797616 . _:b665798242 _:b665798241 . _:b663520299 . _:b665797608 . _:b665862036 "(iff (ProcessProfile a) (exists (b) (and (Process b) (processProfileOf a b)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [093-002] " . _:b663520309 . _:b665798913 "GO:0060465"^^ . _:b666237929 . _:b665797611 . _:b665797600 . _:b665798246 _:b665798245 . _:b666237935 . _:b665798244 _:b665798243 . _:b665797604 . _:b665798245 _:b665798244 . _:b665797614 . _:b663516778 . _:b665797625 . _:b665798231 _:b665798230 . _:b665805468 . _:b665798229 _:b665798233 . _:b666237932 . _:b665798228 _:b665798227 . _:b665797609 . _:b665797602 . _:b665798226 _:b665798225 . _:b663516817 . _:b666237840 . _:b665798227 _:b665798226 . _:b665797628 . _:b665797623 . _:b665798224 _:b665798228 . _:b663520318 . _:b665797601 . _:b666209449 . _:b665797629 . _:b665805451 "A gastrointestinal system infectious disease that involves inflammation of the lining of the stomach and small and large intestines, which is caused by viruses, bacteria, or parasites. Chemicals and drugs also cause gastroenteritis. The symptoms include diarrhea, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, cramps, and discomfort in the abdomen." . _:b665805445 . _:b665797631 . _:b666237845 . _:b665798236 _:b665798235 . _:b665798237 _:b665798236 . _:b663520847 . _:b665797607 . _:b665798239 _:b665798238 . _:b666238930 "b is a process_profile =Def. there is some process c such that b process_profile_of c (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [093-002])"@en . _:b666209016 "The pharynx is the part of the digestive system immediately posterior to the mouth[GO]."^^ . _:b666209444 . _:b665797626 . _:b665797618 . _:b666237849 . _:b663516753 "caecum"^^ . _:b665798208 _:b665798207 . _:b665798233 _:b665798232 . _:b665797610 . _:b665798235 _:b665798234 . _:b665798232 _:b665798231 . _:b666209441 . _:b665861958 "Temporal region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of a temporal instant and a temporal interval that doesn't overlap the instant. In this case the resultant temporal region is neither 0-dimensional nor 1-dimensional"@en . _:b666237853 . _:b666209442 . _:b665797620 . _:b665797622 . _:b663521035 "TAO"^^ . _:b666209443 . _:b665797627 . _:b666238092 "Simons uses different terminology for relations of occurrents to regions: Denote the spatio-temporal location of a given occurrent e by 'spn[e]' and call this region its span. We may say an occurrent is at its span, in any larger region, and covers any smaller region. Now suppose we have fixed a frame of reference so that we can speak not merely of spatio-temporal but also of spatial regions (places) and temporal regions (times). The spread of an occurrent, (relative to a frame of reference) is the space it exactly occupies, and its spell is likewise the time it exactly occupies. We write 'spr[e]' and `spl[e]' respectively for the spread and spell of e, omitting mention of the frame." . _:b665797617 . _:b665798215 _:b665798214 . _:b666209438 . _:b665798214 _:b665798213 . _:b666209432 . _:b665805494 . _:b665797581 . _:b666209433 . _:b665797573 . _:b665805501 . _:b665797577 . _:b665798217 _:b665798216 . _:b665805499 . _:b666209428 . _:b665797589 . _:b665798218 _:b665798217 . _:b665798216 _:b665798215 . _:b666209429 . _:b665797569 . _:b663520957 . _:b666209430 . _:b663515911 . _:b666209431 . _:b665797592 . _:b665798270 _:b665798272 . _:b665797572 . _:b666209424 . _:b666238374 . _:b665797582 . _:b665805476 . _:b666209425 . _:b666209426 . _:b665797575 . _:b666209427 . _:b666238373 . _:b665798205 _:b665798208 . _:b665797598 . _:b666209420 . _:b665797568 . _:b665797578 . _:b666209426 "zero dimension continuant fiat boundaries are not spatial points. Considering the example 'the quadripoint where the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona meet' : There are many frames in which that point is zooming through many points in space. Whereas, no matter what the frame, the quadripoint is always in the same relation to the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona."@en . _:b666237874 . _:b666209421 . . _:b663516070 "intestinum jejunum"^^ . _:b663516754 "FMA:14541"^^ . _:b666209422 . _:b665805472 . _:b666208788 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b666209423 . _:b665797591 . _:b666209416 . _:b666238382 . _:b665798189 _:b665798188 . _:b663516865 . _:b663913517 "blindgut"^^ . _:b666209417 . _:b665798190 _:b665798189 . _:b665798176 _:b665798179 . _:b665797571 . _:b663516870 . _:b666209418 . _:b666238380 . _:b665797599 . _:b666237876 . _:b665798179 _:b665798178 . _:b666209419 . _:b663521064 . _:b666238381 . _:b665797587 . _:b666237883 . _:b666209412 . _:b665797593 . _:b665798178 _:b665798177 . _:b666209413 . _:b665797595 . _:b666209414 . _:b665797574 . _:b666237880 . _:b666209415 . _:b663519984 "(forall (x) (if (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [039-001] " . _:b665863039 "BTO:0000657"^^ . _:b665797751 "Every temporal region t is such that t occupies_temporal_region t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [119-002])"@en . _:b666209408 . _:b666237886 . _:b665861239 "(forall (x t) (if (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (bearerOfAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [060-002] " . _:b666209409 . _:b665798187 _:b665798190 . _:b665797590 . _:b666209410 . _:b665805484 . _:b666238388 . _:b665797596 . _:b665797580 . _:b666209411 . _:b665798207 _:b665798206 . _:b665805139 . _:b665797584 . _:b665805674 "ISBN:0815318960"^^ . _:b666209532 . _:b666238386 . _:b666237858 . _:b666209533 . _:b665798192 _:b665798195 . _:b666238387 . _:b666209534 . _:b665797586 . _:b665797583 . _:b665805136 . _:b666237856 . _:b666209535 . _:b665861500 "ISBN:978-0521617147 Stevens CE and Hume ID, Comparative physiology of the vertebrate digestive system (2004) p.11"^^ . _:b666238385 . _:b665797543 . _:b663521055 . _:b665798201 _:b665798200 . _:b665797552 . _:b666238398 . _:b665798199 _:b665798202 . _:b665798202 _:b665798201 . _:b666237862 . _:b665805141 . _:b665797540 . _:b665805642 . _:b665797547 . _:b666237867 . _:b663521046 . _:b666209524 . _:b665861302 "A primary bacterial infectious disease caused by the bacteria of the genus Salmonella. It has sypmtoms diarrhea, fever, vomiting, and abdominal cramps 12 to 72 hours after infection. In most cases, the illness lasts four to seven days, and most people recover without treatment." . _:b665805146 . _:b665797538 . _:b663516885 . _:b663521047 . _:b666209525 . _:b663521045 . _:b666237865 . _:b665805618 . _:b666209526 . _:b665805144 . _:b665798195 _:b665798194 . _:b666209527 . _:b666238504 "A proximal-distal subdivision of the digestive tract."^^ . _:b665805151 . _:b663516888 . _:b666237871 . _:b665805620 . _:b665797542 . _:b665797550 . _:b665798194 _:b665798193 . _:b665805149 . _:b665797562 . _:b665797548 . _:b666209523 . _:b663520298 "The first part of the small intestine. At the junction of the stomach and the duodenum the alimentary canal is inflected. The duodenum first goes anteriorly for a short distance, turns dorsally, and eventually caudally, thus it is a U-shaped structure with two horizontal sections (a ventral and a dorsal one)."^^ . _:b665797565 . _:b665805123 . _:b665805608 . _:b665797537 . _:b665862895 "Portion of the alimentary canal bounded anteriorly by the pyloric sphincter and posteriorly by the cloacal sphincter.[AAO]"^^ . _:b665797545 . _:b665805643 . _:b665805611 . _:b663521036 . _:b665798148 _:b665798147 . _:b665798157 _:b665798160 . _:b665798149 _:b665798148 . _:b665805126 . _:b666238350 . _:b663913215 . _:b665805613 . _:b666238351 . _:b665797566 . _:b663913212 . _:b665797556 . _:b666238349 . _:b665805131 . _:b663913213 . _:b665798153 _:b665798152 . _:b663521035 . _:b665805600 . _:b663913214 . _:b665798151 _:b665798154 . _:b665798154 _:b665798153 . _:b663913211 . _:b665805129 . _:b665797553 . _:b665798146 _:b665798149 . _:b665805659 . _:b665797563 . _:b665798159 _:b665798158 . _:b665805134 . _:b663520964 . _:b665797559 . _:b665805606 . _:b665797564 . _:b665805607 . _:b665798160 _:b665798159 . _:b665798168 _:b665798171 . _:b665798164 _:b665798163 . _:b666209593 "AAO:0000145"^^ . _:b665798165 _:b665798164 . _:b663521146 . _:b665797555 . _:b665805169 . _:b663520044 "(forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt x y t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [021-002] " . _:b665797560 . _:b665805595 . _:b665805175 . _:b665797506 . _:b665805596 . _:b665797523 . _:b665805597 . _:b665797520 . _:b665797517 . _:b665797504 . _:b665797509 . _:b665805598 . _:b665798162 _:b665798165 . _:b663520700 . _:b665805172 . _:b665805599 . _:b663520701 . _:b665797510 . _:b663516462 "(forall (x) (if (Material Entity x) (exists (t) (and (TemporalRegion t) (existsAt x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [011-002] " . _:b665805584 . _:b666238362 . _:b663520702 . _:b665805178 . _:b665861134 . _:b665805585 . _:b663520297 "3"^^ . _:b663520703 . _:b663520696 . _:b665797512 . _:b663520697 . _:b665798170 _:b665798169 . _:b663520698 . _:b665797518 . _:b665798171 _:b665798170 . _:b663520699 . _:b665805181 . _:b665860440 "A continuant is an entity that persists, endures, or continues to exist through time while maintaining its identity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [008-002])"@en . _:b665861183 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b665797519 . _:b665797508 . _:b665797513 . _:b666238436 . _:b665806466 . _:b663520693 . _:b665798538 "An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects " . _:b666238437 . _:b663520226 "AAO"^^ . _:b663520694 . _:b665798539 "An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects " . _:b665805154 . _:b665797948 _:b665797952 . _:b665806073 . _:b663520695 . _:b666238435 . _:b666209532 . _:b665806074 . _:b665805578 . _:b663913485 . _:b665797515 . _:b665806075 . _:b665805579 . _:b663520307 "3"^^ . _:b665805159 . _:b665797532 . _:b665805580 . _:b665797507 . _:b666238446 . _:b665805581 . _:b665797525 . _:b665805582 . _:b663520316 "3"^^ . _:b665797505 . _:b665805574 . _:b666209523 . _:b665805156 . _:b666238444 . _:b665805583 . _:b663913488 . _:b665805163 . _:b666238445 . _:b663913511 "UMLS:C0007531"^^ . _:b665805568 . _:b665797511 . _:b666238443 . _:b665797522 . _:b663913495 . _:b665805571 . _:b665797514 . _:b663913494 . _:b665797535 . _:b665805572 . _:b665805596 . _:b663520997 . _:b665805166 . _:b666238454 . _:b665805573 . _:b663520996 . _:b666238455 . _:b665797533 . _:b666238452 . _:b663914178 "The tract of the alimentary canal. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663913499 . _:b665797527 . _:b665805575 . _:b665797951 _:b665797950 . _:b666238453 . _:b666209596 . _:b663521118 . _:b663515992 "4"^^ . _:b665797530 . _:b665797516 . _:b663521119 . _:b666208660 "(forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [103-001] " . _:b665797521 . _:b663913496 . _:b666239108 . _:b665805690 . _:b665797528 . _:b665805691 . _:b663521117 . _:b665797945 _:b665797944 . _:b663520258 "3"^^ . _:b666209592 . _:b663913501 . _:b666239105 . _:b665797946 _:b665797943 . _:b665797946 _:b665797945 . _:b665797947 _:b665797946 . _:b665862700 "A spatial region is a continuant entity that is a continuant_part_of spaceR as defined relative to some frame R. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [035-001])"@en . _:b666208834 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b666209593 . _:b665797942 _:b665797947 . _:b666239104 . _:b666209594 . _:b665797526 . _:b666239107 . _:b666209595 . _:b665805083 . _:b666239106 . _:b663519986 . _:b665805584 . _:b665860551 "(iff (ZeroDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [031-001] " . _:b665805681 . _:b663519987 . _:b665805682 . _:b666208847 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b663519984 . _:b666238456 . _:b663519985 . _:b663519990 . _:b666209584 . _:b665805580 . _:b663519991 . _:b666209585 . _:b665805583 . _:b663519988 . _:b665805582 . _:b665797891 _:b665797890 . _:b663519989 . _:b665805672 . _:b666209580 . _:b663519994 . _:b665797890 _:b665797889 . _:b666209581 . _:b665805579 . _:b663519995 . _:b665797531 . _:b663519992 . _:b666209582 . _:b665797903 _:b665797907 . _:b663519993 . _:b666209583 . _:b666208883 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b665805573 . _:b665797904 _:b665797905 . _:b663519998 . _:b663519999 . _:b666209577 . _:b665797899 _:b665797902 . _:b665797895 _:b665797894 . _:b665860537 "Continuant fiat boundary doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary and a one dimensional continuant fiat boundary that doesn't overlap it. The situation is analogous to temporal and spatial regions."@en . _:b665797893 _:b665797896 . _:b663519996 . _:b666209578 . _:b666209432 "A bacterial infectious disease that results_in infection by bacteria as a result of their presence or activity within the normal, healthy host, and their intrinsic virulence is, in part, a necessary consequence of their need to reproduce and spread." . _:b663519997 . _:b666209579 . _:b665806071 . _:b663519970 . _:b663913521 . _:b665797896 _:b665797895 . _:b663519971 . _:b663913520 . _:b665798574 "(iff (RelationalQuality a) (exists (b c t) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (IndependentContinuant c) (qualityOfAt a b t) (qualityOfAt a c t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [057-001] " . _:b663519968 . _:b663520213 "AAO"^^ . _:b663519969 . _:b663521062 . _:b666208857 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b663519974 . _:b665797901 _:b665797900 . _:b663519975 . _:b663913524 . _:b665797888 _:b665797891 . _:b665797902 _:b665797901 . _:b665797911 _:b665797910 . _:b665805670 . _:b663519972 . _:b663521030 . _:b665805671 . _:b663519973 . _:b665806079 . _:b665797910 _:b665797909 . _:b663519978 . _:b665806078 . _:b665805657 . _:b663519979 . _:b665805105 . _:b665806077 . _:b665805489 . _:b663519976 . _:b665805658 . _:b665797916 _:b665797919 . _:b665797907 _:b665797906 . _:b665806076 . _:b665805659 . _:b663519977 . _:b665797557 . _:b665806075 . _:b665805660 . _:b663519982 . _:b665805110 . _:b665797906 _:b665797904 . _:b665806074 . _:b665805661 . _:b663519983 . _:b665797892 _:b665797893 . _:b665805653 . _:b665806073 . _:b665805662 . _:b663519980 . _:b665797918 _:b665797917 . _:b663520764 . _:b665805108 . _:b665806072 . _:b663520765 . _:b663519981 . _:b665797919 _:b665797918 . _:b665805648 . _:b663519954 . _:b663520766 . _:b665805114 . _:b666238426 . _:b665805649 . _:b663519955 . _:b663520767 . _:b665806130 . _:b665805650 . _:b666238424 . _:b663519952 . _:b663520760 . _:b665863080 . _:b665805651 . _:b663519953 . _:b663520761 . _:b665805119 . _:b666238425 . _:b665805519 . _:b663519958 . _:b663520762 . _:b665805652 . _:b665797908 _:b665797911 . _:b663520167 "AAO"^^ . _:b663521033 . _:b663520763 . _:b663519959 . _:b665805117 . _:b665805654 . _:b663519956 . _:b663520756 . _:b663520757 . _:b663519957 . _:b665797561 . _:b665797995 _:b665797996 . _:b663520758 . _:b663519962 . _:b663520759 . _:b663519963 . _:b666238301 "The tract of the alimentary canal. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665805642 . _:b663519960 . _:b663520752 . _:b665805088 . _:b665805643 . _:b663519961 . _:b663520753 . _:b665797541 . _:b663520754 . _:b663519966 . _:b665805645 . _:b666208905 . _:b663519967 . _:b663520755 . _:b663520748 . _:b663519964 . _:b665805092 . _:b663520749 . _:b663519965 . _:b665805099 . _:b663913949 . _:b665805632 . _:b663519938 . _:b663520750 . _:b665805771 . _:b665797536 . _:b665805633 . _:b663521009 "TAO"^^ . _:b663519939 . _:b663520751 . _:b665863041 "BTO:0000657"^^ . _:b663520744 . _:b663519936 . _:b665863019 "UMLS:C0021852"^^ . _:b665805096 . _:b663520745 . _:b663519937 . _:b665805636 . _:b666209536 . _:b663519942 . _:b663520746 . _:b665805644 . _:b663520747 . _:b663519943 . _:b665797551 . _:b665805101 . _:b663520740 . _:b663519940 . _:b663520741 . _:b663519941 . _:b665862722 "(forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (TemporalRegion y) (temporallyProjectsOnto x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [098-001] " . _:b666208847 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b665805267 . _:b665806120 . _:b663520742 . _:b666209660 . _:b663519946 . _:b663521053 . _:b665861194 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b663520743 . _:b665805524 . _:b663519947 . _:b665805754 . _:b663519944 . _:b663520736 . _:b665797546 . _:b666208834 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b663520112 . _:b665805264 . _:b666209596 "UMLS:C0014876"^^ . _:b663520737 . _:b663519945 . _:b665806124 . _:b665805756 . _:b666209656 . _:b663519950 . _:b663520738 . _:b665797588 . _:b663520739 . _:b666209657 . _:b663519951 . _:b665798520 "All realizable dependent continuants have independent continuants that are not spatial regions as their bearers. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [060-002])"@en . _:b665861207 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b663520732 . _:b666209658 . _:b663519948 . _:b665805750 . _:b663521043 . _:b665805759 . _:b666209659 . _:b663519949 . _:b663520733 . _:b663520823 . _:b665805744 . _:b663519922 . _:b663520734 . _:b665862234 "blind intestine"^^ . _:b663516723 . _:b665805745 . _:b663519923 . _:b663520735 . _:b663520863 . _:b665805746 . _:b666209654 . _:b663519920 . _:b663520728 . _:b665805272 . _:b665861212 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b663520729 . _:b666209655 . _:b663519921 . _:b665805755 . _:b665797597 . _:b665806100 . _:b663520730 . _:b663519926 . _:b665806101 . _:b663520731 . _:b663519927 . _:b666238193 "a zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a fiat point whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [031-001])"@en . _:b663520724 . _:b663519924 . _:b665862064 "A disease of anatomical entity that is located_in the gastrointestinal tract." . _:b665805778 . _:b665805751 . _:b663519925 . _:b663520725 . _:b665797972 _:b665797971 . _:b665805779 . _:b665805736 . _:b665862683 "(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (hasContinuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [126-001] " . _:b663519930 . _:b663520726 . _:b665797973 _:b665797972 . _:b665805250 . _:b665805737 . _:b663519931 . _:b663520727 . _:b665805729 . _:b663520720 . _:b663519928 . _:b663913952 . _:b663520721 . _:b663519929 . _:b665806108 . _:b663520722 . _:b663519934 . _:b666238826 . _:b665806109 . _:b665805741 . _:b663519935 . _:b663520723 . _:b665805253 . _:b666238827 . _:b663913955 . _:b665806110 . _:b665805742 . _:b663519932 . _:b665797970 _:b665797973 . _:b663520716 . _:b665806569 . _:b665806111 . _:b665805743 . _:b663519933 . _:b663520717 . _:b665805735 . _:b665805728 . _:b663519906 . _:b663520718 . _:b663520879 . _:b663519907 . _:b663520719 . _:b665805257 . _:b665805730 . _:b663519904 . _:b663520712 . _:b665797570 . _:b663516717 . _:b665806083 . _:b663520713 . _:b663519905 . _:b665797952 _:b665797951 . _:b663520811 . _:b665806084 . _:b663520714 . _:b666209632 . _:b663521158 . _:b663519910 . _:b665797952 _:b665797949 . _:b665805733 . _:b663521159 . _:b663519911 . _:b663520715 . _:b665805261 . _:b665805734 . _:b663519908 . _:b663520708 . _:b665861608 "alimentary system subdivision"^^ . _:b663520709 . _:b663519909 . _:b665806088 . _:b665805720 . _:b666209628 . _:b663519914 . _:b663520710 . _:b665806089 . _:b665805721 . _:b666209629 . _:b663519915 . _:b663520711 . _:b665797579 . _:b665805297 . _:b665805722 . _:b666209630 . _:b663519912 . _:b663520704 . _:b665797957 _:b665797954 . _:b663521036 . _:b665805723 . _:b666209631 . _:b663515831 . _:b663519913 . _:b663520705 . _:b665805804 . _:b665797956 _:b665797955 . _:b665805724 . _:b663519918 . _:b663520706 . _:b665805716 . _:b665797957 _:b665797956 . _:b665805302 . _:b665861335 . _:b663520989 _:b663520990 . _:b665805725 . _:b666209625 . _:b663519919 . _:b663520707 . _:b665797963 _:b665797966 . _:b665805726 . _:b666209626 . _:b663519916 . _:b663520828 . _:b665806095 . _:b665805727 . _:b663519917 . _:b665805307 . _:b665805712 . _:b666209620 . _:b663519890 . _:b663516617 . _:b663519891 . _:b666209621 . _:b663521045 . _:b663519888 . _:b666209622 . _:b665805715 . _:b663519889 . _:b663519894 . _:b666209616 . _:b665797965 _:b665797964 . _:b665805717 . _:b666209617 . _:b663519895 . _:b665797953 _:b665797957 . _:b665797966 _:b665797965 . _:b663520982 _:b663520983 . _:b663520820 . _:b666209618 . _:b663519892 . _:b663520821 . _:b666209619 . _:b663519893 . _:b663520980 _:b663520981 . _:b665805283 . _:b665805704 . _:b666209612 . _:b663519898 . _:b663520822 . _:b665797624 . _:b663520064 "A history is a process that is the sum of the totality of processes taking place in the spatiotemporal region occupied by a material entity or site, including processes on the surface of the entity or within the cavities to which it serves as host. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [138-001])"@en . _:b663520823 . _:b666209613 . _:b663519899 . _:b665805706 . _:b666209614 . _:b663519896 . _:b663520817 . _:b666209615 . _:b663519897 . _:b665805287 . _:b663521055 . _:b663519902 . _:b666209608 . _:b665805700 . _:b665862123 . _:b666208572 . _:b665805709 . _:b663519903 . _:b666208573 . _:b665805710 . _:b666209610 . _:b663519900 . _:b663520812 . _:b665797606 . _:b665861248 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b666208574 . _:b663519901 . _:b665805291 . _:b665806100 . _:b663519874 . _:b666208788 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b665806101 . _:b665861221 "A spatiotemporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of spacetime. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [095-001])"@en . _:b663519875 . _:b666209605 . _:b665805705 . _:b665806102 . _:b666208597 . _:b663520808 . _:b666209606 . _:b663519872 . _:b665806103 . _:b666208598 . _:b663520809 . _:b666209607 . _:b665805725 . _:b663519873 . _:b666208599 . _:b665798167 "GO:0060465"^^ . _:b663520810 . _:b666209600 . _:b665805724 . _:b663519878 . _:b665805701 . _:b666209601 . _:b663519879 . _:b663520811 . _:b665797615 . _:b665806098 . _:b663520804 . _:b663519876 . _:b665806099 . _:b663520805 . _:b666209603 . _:b663519877 . _:b665805711 . _:b665798040 _:b665798043 . _:b665862343 . _:b663520806 . _:b663519882 . _:b665805202 . _:b663521005 _:b663521006 . _:b663520807 . _:b663519883 . _:b665805809 . _:b663520800 . _:b663519880 . _:b663520801 . _:b665861212 "Temporal region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of a temporal instant and a temporal interval that doesn't overlap the instant. In this case the resultant temporal region is neither 0-dimensional nor 1-dimensional"@en . _:b663519881 . _:b665806104 . _:b666238094 "Every occurrent occupies_spatiotemporal_region some spatiotemporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [108-001])"@en . _:b663520802 . _:b663519886 . _:b666208600 . _:b663520803 . _:b663519887 . _:b665805205 . _:b666208601 . _:b663520796 . _:b663519884 . _:b663913633 . _:b663521064 . _:b666208602 . _:b665862348 . _:b665806091 "(forall (x t) (if (and (IndependentContinuant x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (Entity y) (specificallyDependsOnAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [018-002] " . _:b663519885 . _:b663520797 . _:b665862086 . _:b665805211 . _:b666208603 . _:b665805808 . _:b663519858 . _:b663520798 . _:b663520799 . _:b663519859 . _:b663913317 "(forall (x y) (if (processProfileOf x y) (and (properContinuantPartOf x y) (exists (z t) (and (properOccurrentPartOf z y) (TemporalRegion t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion y t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion z t) (not (exists (w) (and (occurrentPartOf w x) (occurrentPartOf w z))))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [094-005] " . _:b665805810 . _:b663519856 . _:b663520792 . _:b665805208 . _:b665806163 . _:b663520793 . _:b663519857 . _:b665798042 _:b665798041 . _:b665797632 _:b665797631 . _:b665806164 . _:b663520794 . _:b663519862 . _:b665805214 . _:b665798043 _:b665798042 . _:b665805813 . _:b663519863 . _:b663520795 . _:b665805703 . _:b665862422 _:b665862428 . _:b663520788 . _:b663519860 . _:b663520789 . _:b663519861 . _:b665805187 . _:b665805800 . _:b665805463 . _:b663519866 . _:b663520790 . _:b665863121 . _:b665805801 . _:b663519867 . _:b663520791 . _:b665805802 . _:b663519864 . _:b663520784 . _:b665805184 . _:b663520785 . _:b663519865 . _:b665805804 . _:b663519870 . _:b663520786 . _:b665805796 . _:b665805190 . _:b665805708 . _:b665798049 _:b665798052 . _:b663520787 . _:b663519871 . _:b663520780 . _:b665805727 . _:b663519868 . _:b665805807 . _:b663519869 . _:b663520781 . _:b665805792 . _:b663519842 . _:b663520782 . _:b665798051 _:b665798050 . _:b663520783 . _:b663519843 . _:b665805193 . _:b663520776 . _:b663519840 . _:b665805795 . _:b663519841 . _:b663520777 . _:b665805803 . _:b665805199 . _:b663520811 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infectious_disease" . _:b665806183 . _:b663520778 . _:b663519846 . _:b665798052 _:b665798051 . _:b665805733 . _:b665862099 . _:b665806182 . _:b665805740 . _:b665805797 . _:b663519847 . _:b663520779 . _:b665806181 . _:b663520772 . _:b666238292 . _:b663519844 . _:b663520814 . _:b665805196 . _:b663520960 . _:b663520773 . _:b663519845 . _:b665805235 . _:b666238293 . _:b665806168 . _:b665805784 . _:b663519850 . _:b663520774 . _:b665806169 . _:b666208575 . _:b665805785 . _:b663519851 . _:b663520775 . _:b665805730 . _:b665862108 . _:b663520973 . _:b665806170 . _:b666208574 . _:b665805786 . _:b663519848 . _:b663520768 . _:b665805232 . _:b666208573 . _:b665805787 . _:b663519849 . _:b663520769 . _:b666208572 . _:b663520770 . _:b666238302 . _:b666209688 . _:b663519854 . _:b665805780 . _:b665805238 . _:b665806157 . _:b666208571 . _:b663520771 . _:b666209689 . _:b663519855 . _:b666208570 . _:b665805790 . _:b666209690 . _:b663519852 . _:b665798819 "NCBITaxon:9606"^^ . _:b663519853 . _:b663914022 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b663519826 . _:b666209684 . _:b665805777 . _:b666209685 . _:b663519827 . _:b665805241 . _:b665805778 . _:b666238838 "Simons uses different terminology for relations of occurrents to regions: Denote the spatio-temporal location of a given occurrent e by 'spn[e]' and call this region its span. We may say an occurrent is at its span, in any larger region, and covers any smaller region. Now suppose we have fixed a frame of reference so that we can speak not merely of spatio-temporal but also of spatial regions (places) and temporal regions (times). The spread of an occurrent, (relative to a frame of reference) is the space it exactly occupies, and its spell is likewise the time it exactly occupies. We write 'spr[e]' and `spl[e]' respectively for the spread and spell of e, omitting mention of the frame." . _:b666209686 . _:b663519824 . _:b665805779 . _:b666209687 . _:b663519825 . _:b665805247 . _:b665798054 _:b665798055 . _:b663519830 . _:b666209680 . _:b665805781 . _:b663519831 . _:b666208578 . _:b666208629 . _:b663519828 . _:b665805751 . _:b665805244 . _:b666208577 . _:b663519829 . _:b666209683 . _:b665805791 . _:b666208576 . _:b663519834 . _:b666209676 . _:b663519835 . _:b666209677 . _:b665805761 . _:b665805495 . _:b665798103 _:b665798102 . _:b665798107 _:b665798110 . _:b665805217 . _:b665805770 . _:b666209678 . _:b663519832 . _:b665798099 _:b665798098 . _:b663519833 . _:b666209679 . _:b665805223 . _:b663519838 . _:b663515809 "(iff (OneDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [032-001] " . _:b665805773 . _:b663519839 . _:b665798098 _:b665798097 . _:b663520985 . _:b663519836 . _:b666209674 . _:b665805766 . _:b663520046 "b is a continuant fiat boundary = Def. b is an immaterial entity that is of zero, one or two dimensions and does not include a spatial region as part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [029-001])"@en . _:b665805220 . _:b665798828 "ncithesaurus:Jejunum"^^ . _:b663519837 . _:b666209675 . _:b665860719 "ncithesaurus:Esophagus"^^ . _:b665797774 "All realizable dependent continuants have independent continuants that are not spatial regions as their bearers. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [060-002])"@en . _:b665805760 . _:b666209668 . _:b663519810 . _:b663516150 . _:b665805226 . _:b665798109 _:b665798108 . _:b666208608 . _:b663519811 . _:b666209669 . _:b665805754 . _:b665798110 _:b665798109 . _:b665798096 _:b665798099 . _:b665798101 _:b665798104 . _:b666208609 . _:b665805762 . _:b666209670 . _:b663519808 . _:b666239176 "cjm"^^ . _:b665806411 "TAO:0001323"^^ . _:b666208610 . _:b663519809 . _:b666209671 . _:b663519814 . _:b666209664 . _:b665805772 . _:b665805765 . _:b666209665 . _:b663519815 . _:b665798104 _:b665798103 . _:b665805229 . _:b663519812 . _:b666209666 . _:b665806290 "The tract of the alimentary canal. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665805767 . _:b666209667 . _:b663519813 . _:b663516153 . _:b663519818 . _:b663519819 . . _:b663519816 . _:b665805437 "(iff (ZeroDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [031-001] " . _:b663519817 . _:b666208619 . _:b663519822 . _:b663519823 . _:b663914199 . _:b663519820 . _:b663519821 . _:b666208623 . _:b663519794 . _:b666209780 . _:b663519795 . _:b663519792 . _:b666208594 . _:b663519793 . _:b663913986 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b666239195 "cjm"^^ . _:b666238121 . _:b663519798 . _:b663520139 . _:b666238120 . _:b663519799 . _:b666238123 . _:b663519796 . _:b666238122 . _:b663519797 . _:b666209779 . _:b665798131 _:b665798136 . _:b666238125 . _:b666208599 . _:b663519802 . _:b665862929 . _:b663521010 . _:b666208600 . _:b666238124 . _:b663519803 . _:b666238127 . _:b663519800 . _:b666238126 . _:b663519801 . _:b663519806 . _:b663520883 . _:b666239186 "cjm"^^ . _:b665798136 _:b665798135 . _:b663519807 . _:b665798135 _:b665798134 . _:b663519804 . _:b665798128 _:b665798127 . _:b663519805 . _:b665862323 . _:b666208607 . _:b665798134 _:b665798133 . _:b663519778 . _:b663520135 . _:b665862194 . _:b665798135 _:b665798132 . _:b663519779 . _:b665797792 "An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects " . _:b665862922 . _:b666238119 . _:b663519776 . _:b665797793 "An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects " . _:b665862326 . _:b666238118 . _:b663519777 . _:b666209767 . _:b663519782 . _:b663519783 . _:b663519780 . _:b666238139 . _:b666209762 . _:b665862200 . _:b666208582 . _:b665798140 _:b665798141 . _:b666238138 . _:b663519781 . _:b666208583 . _:b663519786 . _:b663521062 "3"^^ . _:b663519787 . _:b663519784 . _:b663519785 . _:b665798127 _:b665798126 . _:b666208587 . _:b663519790 . _:b666208588 . _:b663519791 . _:b666208923 "ncithesaurus:Duodenum"^^ . _:b665798112 _:b665798115 . _:b663520956 . _:b663519788 . _:b663520904 . _:b665798115 _:b665798114 . _:b663520957 . _:b663519789 . _:b663516078 "ncithesaurus:Ileum"^^ . _:b663520958 . _:b663519762 . _:b663520959 . _:b663519763 . _:b665798114 _:b665798113 . _:b663519760 . _:b663519761 . _:b665798125 _:b665798128 . _:b665797492 . _:b663519766 . _:b665797495 . _:b663519767 . _:b663519764 . _:b663519765 . _:b665797488 . _:b666209740 . _:b663519770 . _:b663520914 . _:b663914086 "A disease is a disposition (i) to undergo pathological processes that (ii) exists in an organism because of one or more disorders in that organism." . _:b663519771 . _:b663519768 . _:b665805314 . _:b666238158 . _:b663519769 . _:b666238159 . _:b665798584 "A primary bacterial infectious disease caused by the bacteria of the genus Salmonella. It has sypmtoms diarrhea, fever, vomiting, and abdominal cramps 12 to 72 hours after infection. In most cases, the illness lasts four to seven days, and most people recover without treatment." . _:b663519774 . _:b663913250 . _:b663519775 . _:b665805317 . _:b663519772 . _:b666209738 . _:b663913251 . _:b663519773 . _:b666209739 . _:b663913249 . _:b663519746 . _:b665805320 . _:b663913235 . _:b663519747 . _:b665861461 . _:b665861244 "If an entity is a quality at any time that it exists, then it is a quality at every time that it exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [105-001])"@en . _:b663913253 . _:b663519744 . _:b663913255 . _:b666239112 "cjm"^^ . _:b663913254 . _:b663913252 . _:b665861631 . _:b665861463 . _:b663519745 . _:b666209738 . _:b663519750 . _:b666239168 "TAO:0001323"^^ . _:b665861462 . _:b663913247 . _:b666238168 . _:b666209739 . _:b663913258 . _:b663519751 . _:b665797487 . _:b663913260 . _:b663913240 . _:b666238169 . _:b663913262 . _:b663519748 . _:b663913263 . _:b666238170 . _:b663913256 . _:b666238171 . _:b663519749 . _:b663913257 . _:b666238172 . _:b663519754 . _:b663913261 . _:b666238845 "For any independent continuant b and any time t there is some spatial region r such that b is located_in r at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [134-001])"@en . _:b663519755 . _:b663913237 . _:b666209740 . _:b663519752 . _:b665797482 . _:b663913236 . _:b663913233 . _:b663913234 . _:b663519753 . _:b663913239 . _:b663521063 "MGI:csmith"^^ . _:b663519758 . _:b663913259 . _:b663913238 . _:b663913271 . _:b665861465 . _:b663519759 . _:b663913229 . _:b665861464 . _:b663519756 . _:b663519757 . _:b663520166 "Segment of the alimentary canal extending from the stomach to the anus and, in humans and other mammals, consists of two segments, the small intestine and the large intestine."^^ . _:b663520242 . _:b663913231 . _:b663913268 . _:b663913266 . _:b666208656 . _:b663520243 . _:b663913267 . _:b663520240 . _:b663520241 . _:b663913264 . _:b663913265 . _:b666238167 . _:b663520246 . _:b663913278 . _:b663520247 . _:b663913221 . _:b663913279 . _:b663520244 . _:b663913220 . _:b663913222 . _:b663913223 . _:b663913272 . _:b663913277 . _:b666208662 . _:b665797712 _:b665797711 . _:b663520245 . _:b665797718 _:b665797717 . _:b665797716 _:b665797718 . _:b666208663 . _:b663520250 . _:b666238191 . _:b663914179 "UMLS:C0021853"^^ . _:b663913274 . _:b663913275 . _:b663520251 . _:b666238190 . _:b663913217 . _:b663520912 . _:b663520248 . _:b663913216 . _:b665797715 _:b665797714 . _:b663520913 . _:b663521043 "3"^^ . _:b663520249 . _:b663913273 . _:b663520914 . _:b663520254 . _:b665797713 _:b665797715 . _:b663913218 . _:b663515830 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathogenic_bacteria" . _:b666238103 "(iff (IndependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (not (exists (b t) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [017-002] " . _:b663520915 . _:b666238082 "Continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example, in an expansion involving bringing in some of Ceuster's other portions of reality, questions are raised as to whether universals are continuants"@en . _:b663521053 "3"^^ . _:b663520255 . _:b663913230 . _:b663520252 . _:b663520253 . _:b663913276 . _:b663520226 . _:b665805410 "p is a process boundary =Def. p is a temporal part of a process & p has no proper temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [084-001])"@en . _:b663913219 . _:b663520911 . _:b663520227 . _:b663520904 . _:b663520224 . _:b663520905 . _:b663520225 . _:b663520906 . _:b663520230 . _:b663520231 . _:b663913225 . _:b663520228 . _:b663913228 . _:b665797699 _:b665797698 . _:b663520229 . _:b665797699 _:b665797696 . _:b663520902 . _:b663520234 . _:b663913227 . _:b663516799 . _:b663520235 . _:b665797698 _:b665797697 . _:b663520903 . _:b666239137 "cjm"^^ . _:b663913269 . _:b666208682 . _:b663520232 . _:b663913224 . _:b663913270 . _:b666208681 . _:b665797710 _:b665797712 . _:b663520233 . _:b666208667 . _:b663520959 . _:b666208680 . _:b663520238 . _:b663913226 . _:b666208668 . _:b663520239 . _:b665797703 _:b665797702 . _:b666208669 . _:b665797704 _:b665797701 . _:b663520236 . _:b663520237 . _:b666209442 "A gastrointestinal system infectious disease that involves inflammation of the lining of the stomach and small and large intestines, which is caused by viruses, bacteria, or parasites. Chemicals and drugs also cause gastroenteritis. The symptoms include diarrhea, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, cramps, and discomfort in the abdomen." . _:b663520210 . _:b666239166 "cjm"^^ . _:b665797704 _:b665797703 . _:b663520211 . _:b665805362 . _:b663520208 . _:b665797709 _:b665797708 . _:b665805363 . _:b663520209 . _:b666239250 "A proximal-distal subdivision of the digestive tract."^^ . _:b665805364 . _:b663520214 . _:b665797709 _:b665797706 . _:b665805365 . _:b663520215 . _:b663913248 . _:b665797708 _:b665797707 . _:b663520212 . _:b666238134 . _:b665806154 "A function is a disposition that exists in virtue of the bearer\u2019s physical make-up and this physical make-up is something the bearer possesses because it came into being, either through evolution (in the case of natural biological entities) or through intentional design (in the case of artifacts), in order to realize processes of a certain sort. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [064-001])"@en . _:b663520213 . _:b665797678 _:b665797681 . _:b663515769 "(forall (x) (if (exists (t) (and (existsAt x t) (Quality x))) (forall (t_1) (if (existsAt x t_1) (Quality x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [105-001] " . _:b665805327 . _:b663913242 . _:b663520218 . _:b665862957 "ncithesaurus:Esophagus"^^ . _:b663913243 . _:b666238919 "A material entity is an independent continuant that has some portion of matter as proper or improper continuant part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [019-002])"@en . _:b663913241 . _:b663913245 . _:b665805326 . _:b663520219 . _:b666209805 . _:b663913244 . _:b666209629 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b663913246 . _:b665805325 . _:b663521008 . _:b666209806 . _:b663520216 . _:b666238130 . _:b663521009 . _:b663520217 . _:b665797664 _:b665797663 . _:b663521010 . _:b663520222 . _:b663913232 . _:b666238140 . _:b663521011 . _:b663520223 . _:b663913315 . _:b663913319 . _:b663913311 . _:b665805374 . _:b663521004 . _:b663520220 . _:b663913306 . _:b665797666 _:b665797665 . _:b663913305 . _:b663521005 . _:b663520221 . _:b665797667 _:b665797669 . _:b663520157 "A subdivision of the digestive tract that connects the small intestine to the cloaca or anus. Lacks or has few villi[Kardong]."^^ . _:b663520194 . _:b663521007 . _:b663520195 . _:b663913310 . _:b665797665 _:b665797664 . _:b663913304 . _:b665805333 . _:b663521000 . _:b663520192 . _:b663913318 . _:b663913503 "VHOG:0001751"^^ . _:b666238138 . _:b663913309 . _:b665805332 . _:b663521001 . _:b663520193 . _:b663913317 . _:b665805331 . _:b663913308 . _:b663520198 . _:b663913316 . _:b666238116 . _:b665806272 . _:b665797669 _:b665797668 . _:b663913307 . _:b665805349 . _:b665805330 . _:b663520199 . _:b665805329 . _:b663520996 . _:b663520196 . _:b666238118 . _:b665860616 . _:b666239044 "cjm"^^ . _:b665805328 . _:b663520997 . _:b663520197 . _:b666209674 . _:b665797694 _:b665797691 . _:b665861545 "VHOG:0000053"^^ . _:b665805496 . _:b663520202 . _:b663520998 . _:b665797693 _:b665797692 . _:b663520999 . _:b665860791 "NCBITaxon:9606"^^ . _:b663520203 . _:b665797694 _:b665797693 . _:b665805354 . _:b665805498 . _:b663520200 . _:b663520992 . _:b665805355 . _:b663520993 . _:b663520201 . _:b663913327 . _:b665797689 _:b665797688 . _:b663520994 . _:b663520206 . _:b663913326 . _:b665805492 . _:b663913320 . _:b665805501 . _:b663520207 . _:b665797688 _:b665797687 . _:b663520995 . _:b666209664 . _:b665798768 "NCBITaxon:8782"^^ . _:b665805502 . _:b663520204 . _:b663913289 . _:b665798769 "NCBITaxon:8782"^^ . _:b663520989 . _:b663520205 . _:b665797680 _:b665797679 . _:b663913291 . _:b663913290 . _:b665805328 . _:b665805488 . _:b663520178 . _:b665797684 _:b665797683 . _:b665797685 _:b665797684 . _:b663913288 . _:b665805329 . _:b665805489 . _:b663520179 . _:b663520991 . _:b665805497 . _:b665797686 _:b665797689 . _:b666208914 "BTO:0000651"^^ . _:b665862271 "TAO"^^ . _:b665805490 . _:b663913977 "For every independent continuant b and time t during the region of time spanned by its life, there are entities which s-depends_on b during t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [018-002])"@en . _:b663520176 . _:b663913292 . _:b663520984 . _:b665861136 . _:b665797682 _:b665797685 . _:b665805491 . _:b663520177 . _:b663520985 . _:b663913293 . _:b665806335 "Portion of alimentary canal with increased circular and longitudinal smooth muscle. Bounded posteriorly by the pyloric sphincter. Mucosal lining has increased folding.[AAO]"^^ . _:b663520986 . _:b663520182 . _:b663913285 . _:b665860811 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b665805493 . _:b663520183 . _:b663520987 . _:b665797681 _:b665797680 . _:b666209593 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b663913286 . _:b663520913 . _:b665860810 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b663520980 . _:b665861533 "cjm"^^ . _:b663520180 . _:b663913280 . _:b663520914 . _:b665797635 _:b665797634 . _:b663913284 . _:b663520181 . _:b663913282 . _:b665805503 . _:b663913281 . _:b665860812 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b665805480 . _:b663520186 . _:b663913283 . _:b663520982 . _:b665805337 . _:b663520187 . _:b665797633 _:b665797632 . _:b663913287 . _:b665805338 . _:b665805482 . _:b663520184 . _:b665861967 "A spatiotemporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of spacetime. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [095-001])"@en . _:b665805483 . _:b663520185 . _:b665797638 _:b665797637 . _:b665797639 _:b665797642 . _:b665797636 _:b665797635 . _:b666238102 . _:b663520190 . _:b663913328 . _:b663520979 . _:b666238103 . _:b663520191 . _:b665805342 . _:b665805486 . _:b666238100 . _:b663520188 . _:b663520972 . _:b666209683 . _:b666238110 . _:b666238104 . _:b665805343 . _:b665805487 . _:b666238101 . _:b663520189 . _:b663520973 . _:b665797641 _:b665797640 . _:b663520904 . _:b663914273 "TAO:0000706"^^ . _:b663520974 . _:b666238098 . _:b663520162 . _:b665797642 _:b665797641 . _:b663520975 . _:b666238099 . _:b665862646 _:b665862650 . _:b663520163 . _:b665805481 . _:b666238105 . _:b665806347 . _:b663520160 . _:b665797644 _:b665797643 . _:b665805474 . _:b665797645 _:b665797644 . _:b665805475 . _:b663520161 . _:b666238109 . _:b665797647 _:b665797646 . _:b665805476 . _:b665861523 "cjm"^^ . _:b663520166 . _:b666238082 . _:b665805477 . _:b663520167 . _:b663520971 . _:b663520975 "ncithesaurus:Esophagus"^^ . _:b665862651 _:b665862655 . _:b666208738 . _:b666237885 . _:b665797655 _:b665797654 . _:b665805478 . _:b663520164 . _:b663520964 . _:b666238080 . _:b665805479 . _:b663520165 . _:b663913295 . _:b665797654 _:b665797653 . _:b665805464 . _:b663520170 . _:b665797652 _:b665797651 . _:b663913294 . _:b666209580 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b665805465 . _:b663520171 . _:b666238081 . _:b663520960 . _:b663520168 . _:b665797650 _:b665797649 . _:b665797662 _:b665797666 . _:b665797651 _:b665797650 . _:b665805467 . _:b663520169 . _:b663520961 . _:b666238083 . _:b663913583 "ncithesaurus:Ileum"^^ . _:b665862245 "TAO"^^ . _:b663520962 . _:b663520174 . _:b665797648 _:b665797652 . _:b663913299 . _:b663913321 . _:b663520963 . _:b663520175 . _:b666238091 . _:b666238093 . _:b663520172 . _:b666239129 . _:b665797661 _:b665797660 . _:b663913301 . _:b665805327 . _:b665805471 . _:b663520173 . _:b663913322 . _:b663520146 . _:b665861543 "cjm"^^ . _:b665860862 "alimentary system subdivision"^^ . _:b663913297 . _:b663520147 . _:b666239130 . _:b665798811 "BTO:0000651"^^ . _:b663913296 . _:b663913346 "A disease of anatomical entity that is located_in the gastrointestinal tract." . _:b663520144 . _:b665805466 . _:b666238092 . _:b665805459 . _:b663520145 . _:b663913303 . _:b663913324 . _:b663913298 . _:b663913270 "(forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [037-001] " . _:b663913300 . _:b665805460 . _:b663520150 . _:b663913302 . _:b663913325 . _:b665797658 _:b665797657 . _:b665797659 _:b665797658 . _:b663521008 . _:b665805461 . _:b663520151 . _:b665797656 _:b665797655 . _:b663521010 . _:b666238197 . _:b663913314 . _:b666208754 . _:b663521009 . _:b665805462 . _:b663520148 . _:b665805470 . _:b666238192 . _:b665805463 . _:b663520149 . _:b663913312 . _:b665798026 "intestinum caecum"^^ . _:b665805448 . _:b663520154 . _:b665797850 _:b665797853 . _:b663913323 . _:b663913313 . _:b665805345 "(forall (x t) (if (and (IndependentContinuant x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (Entity y) (specificallyDependsOnAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [018-002] " . _:b663516459 "(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (continuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [009-002] " . _:b663520155 . _:b665805449 . _:b666208640 . _:b666238193 . _:b666239089 "cjm"^^ . _:b665797841 _:b665797840 . _:b663520152 . _:b665797842 _:b665797841 . _:b665805566 . _:b663520153 . _:b665805443 . _:b666238195 . _:b663520158 . _:b666237844 . _:b666239090 "cjm"^^ . _:b663520159 . _:b665805422 . _:b663521068 . _:b663520156 . _:b665797853 _:b665797852 . _:b665805423 . _:b665805537 . _:b665805455 . _:b663520157 . _:b663521069 . _:b665805424 . _:b663520130 . _:b663520131 . _:b665797852 _:b665797851 . _:b663521064 . _:b663520128 . _:b663913414 . _:b665805411 . _:b663521065 . _:b665861552 "cjm"^^ . _:b663520129 . _:b666209654 . _:b663913413 . _:b665805444 . _:b663520134 . _:b663521066 . _:b665806384 "AAO"^^ . _:b663521067 . _:b663520135 . _:b663520132 . _:b663520992 . _:b665805454 . _:b666238182 . _:b663520806 "a zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a fiat point whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [031-001])"@en . _:b665798654 _:b665798657 . _:b663520133 . _:b663521062 . _:b663520138 . _:b665805552 . _:b665806348 "AAO"^^ . _:b665805417 . _:b663521063 . _:b663520139 . . _:b665805418 . _:b666239197 "ISBN:978-0521617147 Stevens CE and Hume ID, Comparative physiology of the vertebrate digestive system (2004) p.11"^^ . _:b665861932 "A continuant is an entity that persists, endures, or continues to exist through time while maintaining its identity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [008-002])"@en . _:b665805562 . _:b663520136 . _:b663521056 . _:b665797839 _:b665797842 . _:b666238180 . _:b665805563 . _:b663520137 . _:b663521057 . _:b665805564 . _:b663520142 . _:b663521058 . _:b665805565 . _:b663520143 . _:b663521059 . _:b665805557 . _:b666209600 . _:b663520985 . _:b665805566 . _:b663520140 . _:b666238190 . _:b663521053 . _:b663520141 . _:b663521054 . _:b665861447 "cjm"^^ . _:b663520114 . _:b665806560 "To say that each spatiotemporal region s temporally_projects_onto some temporal region t is to say that t is the temporal extension of s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [080-003])"@en . _:b665805553 . _:b665861446 "cjm"^^ . _:b663520115 . _:b663521055 . _:b666238185 . _:b665805554 . _:b663520112 . _:b663521048 . _:b663521049 . _:b663520113 . _:b663521050 . _:b663520118 . _:b666209625 . _:b666238950 "A disease by infectious agent that results_in infection, has_material_basis_in Bacteria." . _:b663520119 . _:b666238165 . _:b666208693 . _:b665805558 . _:b665861469 "cjm"^^ . _:b663520116 . _:b663521044 . _:b666209534 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b665862745 "(forall (x) (if (FiatObjectPart x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y) (and (Object y) (properContinuantPartOfAt x y t)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [027-004] " . _:b665805559 . _:b663520117 . _:b663521045 . _:b665805567 . _:b665805356 . _:b666237839 . _:b665805435 . _:b663521046 . _:b663520122 . _:b666238160 . _:b665805357 . _:b663520972 . _:b663520974 . _:b663521047 . _:b663520123 . _:b665805358 . _:b666237937 . _:b665797877 _:b665797881 . _:b663520120 . _:b663515936 . _:b666238162 . _:b663520973 . _:b665797880 _:b665797879 . _:b665805547 . _:b663520121 . _:b663515937 . _:b665797881 _:b665797878 . _:b665797881 _:b665797880 . _:b665805352 . _:b665805548 . _:b663520126 . _:b665805353 . _:b663521043 . _:b663520127 . _:b666238173 . _:b665805354 . _:b665805437 . _:b663521036 . _:b663520124 . _:b665805355 . _:b665805436 . _:b663521037 . _:b663520125 . _:b663521038 . _:b663520098 . _:b666208674 . _:b665805537 . _:b663520099 . _:b663521039 . _:b665797857 _:b665797858 . _:b666208675 . _:b665805378 . _:b665805538 . _:b666208625 "(forall (x) (if (RealizableEntity x) (and (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (inheresIn x y)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [058-002] " . _:b663520096 . _:b665805546 . _:b666208672 . _:b666237946 . _:b665805539 . _:b663520097 . _:b663521033 . _:b663516010 "NCBITaxon:8782"^^ . _:b666238171 . _:b666208673 . _:b665805540 . _:b663520102 . _:b663521034 . _:b666209577 . _:b663521035 . _:b663520103 . _:b666238149 . _:b663520100 . _:b665805625 "FMA:14541"^^ . _:b663516009 "NCBITaxon:8782"^^ . _:b665797864 _:b665797863 . _:b663520101 . _:b663520961 . _:b665797865 _:b665797864 . _:b666238151 . _:b666238145 . _:b663520960 . _:b665805384 . _:b665805528 . _:b663520106 . _:b665805520 . _:b666208540 "0.0"^^ . _:b665862273 "UMLS:C0021852"^^ . _:b665805529 . _:b663520107 . _:b665797862 _:b665797865 . _:b665805530 . _:b663520104 . _:b665797869 _:b665797868 . _:b665805531 . _:b663520105 . _:b666238147 . _:b663520110 . _:b666238154 . _:b666238156 . _:b665797882 _:b665797883 . _:b666208689 . _:b663520111 . _:b665860485 "p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003])"@en . _:b665797868 _:b665797867 . _:b663520108 . _:b666208550 "0.0"^^ . _:b666238158 . _:b663520109 . _:b666238153 . _:b665861479 "EHDAA2"^^ . _:b663520082 . . _:b666237928 . _:b665805521 . _:b666208686 . _:b663520083 . _:b663516079 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b663520080 . _:b666208687 . _:b663520081 . _:b665861539 "proximal intestine"^^ . _:b666208545 "0.0"^^ . _:b663516081 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b666239035 "cjm"^^ . _:b665797987 "We restrict this to the vertebrate specific structure - see the grouping class 'food storage organ' for analogous structures in other species. Teleosts: Zebrafish is functionally stomach-less, but may retain ontogenic footprint. Although the precise shape and size of the stomach varies widely among different vertebrates, the relative positions of the oesophageal and duodenal openings remain relatively constant. As a result, the organ always curves somewhat to the left before curving back to meet the pyloric sphincter. However, lampreys, hagfishes, chimaeras, lungfishes, and some teleost fish have no stomach at all, with the oesophagus opening directly into the intestine. The gastric lining is usually divided into two regions, an anterior portion lined by fundic glands, and a posterior with pyloric glands. Cardiac glands are unique to mammals, and even then are absent in a number of species. The distributions of these glands vary between species, and do not always correspond with the same regions as in man. Furthermore, in many non-human mammals, a portion of the stomach anterior to the cardiac glands is lined with epithelium essentially identical to that of the oesophagus. Ruminants, in particular, have a complex stomach, the first three chambers of which are all lined with oesophageal mucosa"^^ . _:b665805524 . _:b663520086 . _:b665797866 _:b665797869 . _:b663521146 . _:b663516080 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b666208850 "UMLS:C0014876"^^ . _:b665805525 . _:b663520087 . _:b665806271 . _:b666209495 . _:b663520670 "0.0"^^ . _:b665805526 . _:b663520084 . _:b666208643 . _:b665805527 . _:b663520085 . _:b663521141 . _:b663520090 . _:b665805513 . _:b663520091 . _:b666208555 "0.0"^^ . _:b666237905 . _:b663520088 . _:b663516160 . _:b663520665 "0.0"^^ . _:b666208677 . _:b663520089 . _:b666208676 . _:b665805507 . _:b666208676 . _:b665805516 . _:b663520094 . _:b663516819 . _:b663520095 . _:b665805517 . _:b665861339 . _:b665805518 . _:b663520092 . _:b665861880 . _:b666237910 . _:b665805519 . _:b666208672 . _:b663520093 . _:b665805504 . _:b663520066 . _:b665805512 . _:b663520675 "0.0"^^ . _:b663520067 . _:b665861494 "cjm"^^ . _:b663516820 . _:b666208703 . _:b663520064 . _:b665862940 . _:b665797887 _:b665797888 . _:b663520065 . _:b663913646 . _:b663913556 "intestinum tenue"^^ . _:b666237915 . _:b666238873 . _:b665805508 . _:b663520070 . _:b663913557 "intestinum tenue"^^ . _:b666238872 . _:b665805509 . _:b666208698 . _:b663520071 . _:b663520068 . _:b663520069 . _:b666208696 . _:b666237919 . _:b663520074 . _:b666208697 . _:b663520075 . _:b666208651 . _:b663520072 . _:b666208695 . _:b666237890 . _:b663520073 . _:b666208692 . _:b663520680 "0.0"^^ . _:b666238865 . _:b663520078 . _:b666238864 . _:b663520079 . _:b666238867 . _:b663516800 . _:b663520076 . _:b666208652 . _:b666238866 . _:b663516801 . _:b663520077 . _:b663521117 . _:b666237895 . _:b666238869 . _:b663521118 . _:b663520050 . _:b666208670 . _:b666238868 . _:b663521119 . _:b666208644 . _:b663520051 . _:b666208671 . _:b666238871 . _:b663520048 . _:b666208655 . _:b666208645 . _:b666238870 . _:b663520049 . _:b665806157 "Every process boundary occupies_temporal_region a zero-dimensional temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [085-002])"@en . _:b666239143 "ISBN:978-0521617147 Stevens CE and Hume ID, Comparative physiology of the vertebrate digestive system (2004) p.11"^^ . _:b663516810 . _:b663520054 . _:b666237900 . _:b663516811 . _:b663520055 . _:b665798592 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campylobacteriosis" . _:b663913279 "(forall (x) (if (Role x) (RealizableEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [061-001] " . _:b663520052 . _:b666208651 . _:b666208641 . _:b663520053 . _:b666208642 . _:b665797789 "(forall (x) (if (FiatObjectPart x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y) (and (Object y) (properContinuantPartOfAt x y t)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [027-004] " . _:b663520058 . _:b666208643 . _:b663520059 . _:b663520056 . _:b665861401 "cjm"^^ . _:b663520057 . _:b663520062 . _:b663520063 . _:b665862227 . _:b663520060 . _:b663520061 . _:b663520034 . _:b666238885 . _:b665797831 "zero dimension continuant fiat boundaries are not spatial points. Considering the example 'the quadripoint where the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona meet' : There are many frames in which that point is zooming through many points in space. Whereas, no matter what the frame, the quadripoint is always in the same relation to the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona."@en . _:b665805627 . _:b663520035 . _:b666238884 . _:b665805626 . _:b663520032 . _:b663520033 . _:b665861392 "cjm"^^ . _:b665806115 "(forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [095-001] " . _:b663520038 . _:b666238904 . _:b663520039 . _:b666238905 . _:b666239045 "GOC:GO"^^ . _:b663520036 . _:b666208667 . _:b665862298 . _:b663520037 . _:b663520042 . _:b665862406 . _:b666209621 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b663520043 . _:b666209620 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b663520040 . _:b665798754 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b663520041 . _:b665862289 . _:b665862403 . _:b666209622 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b663520046 . _:b663520047 . _:b663520044 . _:b666209619 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b663520045 . _:b666238081 "An entity is anything that exists or has existed or will exist. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [001-001])"@en . _:b663520018 . _:b665862946 . _:b663520019 . _:b663520016 . _:b663520017 . _:b663520022 . _:b666238846 . _:b663520023 . _:b666238847 . _:b665798476 "Occurrent doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the sum of a process and the process boundary of another process."@en . _:b666238844 . _:b663520020 . _:b663520021 . _:b666238845 . _:b666208616 . _:b666238839 . _:b663520026 . _:b666238838 . _:b663520027 . _:b663520024 . _:b663520025 . _:b666238837 . _:b665806112 "(forall (r) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [107-002] " . _:b663520030 . _:b663520031 . _:b666238913 . _:b663520028 . _:b666238914 . _:b663520029 . _:b666238915 . _:b663520002 . _:b665798808 "Intestinal surface area also is increased in amphibians and reptiles by internal folds and occasionally by a few villi. The intestine can be divided into a small intestine and a slightly wider large intestine.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b666238916 . _:b666238917 . _:b663520003 . _:b663520317 "MGI:csmith"^^ . _:b665862279 . _:b666238918 . _:b663520000 . _:b663520001 . _:b663520006 . _:b666208929 "the portion of the small intestine that extends from the duodenum to the ileum"^^ . _:b663520007 . _:b663520004 . _:b666238937 . _:b663520005 . _:b666208632 . _:b666238936 . _:b663520010 . _:b663515984 . _:b665806201 . _:b663520011 . _:b663521184 . _:b663520008 . _:b663914084 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campylobacteriosis" . _:b666238849 "(iff (IndependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (not (exists (b t) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [017-002] " . _:b663521185 . _:b663520009 . _:b663520014 . _:b666238826 . _:b665806205 . _:b663520015 . _:b666238829 . _:b665806206 . _:b663520012 . _:b665806207 . _:b663520013 . _:b665806200 . _:b663520889 . _:b665860806 "cjm"^^ . _:b665806194 . _:b666238828 . _:b665806195 . _:b666238827 . _:b663520061 "(iff (ZeroDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [031-001] " . _:b663519959 "Simons uses different terminology for relations of occurrents to regions: Denote the spatio-temporal location of a given occurrent e by 'spn[e]' and call this region its span. We may say an occurrent is at its span, in any larger region, and covers any smaller region. Now suppose we have fixed a frame of reference so that we can speak not merely of spatio-temporal but also of spatial regions (places) and temporal regions (times). The spread of an occurrent, (relative to a frame of reference) is the space it exactly occupies, and its spell is likewise the time it exactly occupies. We write 'spr[e]' and `spl[e]' respectively for the spread and spell of e, omitting mention of the frame." . _:b666208586 . _:b665862056 . _:b666238499 . _:b665862245 "The posterior intestine has short longitudinally arranged epithelial folds which are similar to the colon of higher vertebrates. Wallace et al, 2005.[TAO]"^^ . _:b663516057 "The first part of the small intestine. At the junction of the stomach and the duodenum the alimentary canal is inflected. The duodenum first goes anteriorly for a short distance, turns dorsally, and eventually caudally, thus it is a U-shaped structure with two horizontal sections (a ventral and a dorsal one)."^^ . _:b663516515 "(forall (x) (if (exists (t) (and (existsAt x t) (Quality x))) (forall (t_1) (if (existsAt x t_1) (Quality x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [105-001] " . _:b663520082 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_gastrointestinal_tract" . _:b665806190 . _:b663913970 "An occurrent is an entity that unfolds itself in time or it is the instantaneous boundary of such an entity (for example a beginning or an ending) or it is a temporal or spatiotemporal region which such an entity occupies_temporal_region or occupies_spatiotemporal_region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [077-002])"@en . _:b666238859 "(forall (r) (if (TemporalRegion r) (occupiesTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [119-002] " . _:b666208638 . _:b666208579 . _:b666208637 . _:b666208581 . _:b665806189 . _:b666208580 . _:b666208583 . _:b666208582 . _:b663521158 . _:b665798741 _:b665798742 . _:b666208585 . _:b663521159 . _:b666208584 . _:b663520958 "An expanded region of the vertebrate alimentary tract that serves as a food storage compartment and digestive organ. A stomach is lined, in whole or in part by a glandular epithelium."^^ . _:b665806229 . _:b665797990 "ventriculus"^^ . _:b665862968 "UMLS:C0034896"^^ . _:b663520868 . _:b663521004 "3"^^ . _:b663520412 . _:b665798155 . _:b665798152 . _:b666238899 . _:b665798483 "b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002])"@en . _:b666238902 . _:b665798697 _:b665798696 . _:b665798698 _:b665798697 . _:b665798698 _:b665798695 . _:b665798694 _:b665798698 . _:b666238897 . _:b666208612 "(forall (x t) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (SpatialRegion y) (spatiallyProjectsOntoAt x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [099-001] " . _:b665798702 _:b665798701 . _:b666238900 . _:b663516032 . _:b665798703 _:b665798700 . _:b665798703 _:b665798702 . _:b665798688 _:b665798693 . _:b666238908 . _:b666208625 . _:b666208624 . _:b665806156 "p is a process boundary =Def. p is a temporal part of a process & p has no proper temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [084-001])"@en . _:b665862198 "ncithesaurus:Stomach"^^ . _:b665806533 . _:b666238911 . _:b663521090 . _:b665798691 _:b665798690 . _:b666238904 . _:b665806532 . _:b663515916 "A subdivision of the digestive tract that connects the small intestine to the cloaca or anus. Lacks or has few villi[Kardong]."^^ . _:b666208594 "All continuant parts of spatial regions are spatial regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [036-001])"@en . _:b666238906 . _:b666208623 . _:b665798692 _:b665798689 . _:b666208622 . _:b665798692 _:b665798691 . _:b665798693 _:b665798692 . _:b666238884 . _:b665798699 _:b665798703 . _:b663515821 "A zero-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is without extent. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [102-001])"@en . _:b665798718 _:b665798717 . _:b666238886 . _:b665860748 "cjm"^^ . _:b665798719 _:b665798718 . _:b665806264 . _:b666238880 . _:b665806265 . _:b665798709 _:b665798712 . _:b665806258 . _:b665806267 . _:b665862193 . _:b665862192 . _:b666238494 . _:b665798712 _:b665798711 . _:b666238891 . _:b666238893 . _:b666209342 . _:b665806270 . _:b666209341 . _:b665806271 . _:b666238895 . _:b666209340 . _:b666209339 . _:b665798711 _:b665798710 . _:b666209338 . _:b665806266 . _:b665798716 _:b665798719 . _:b665806259 . _:b665806262 . _:b665806263 . _:b665806248 . _:b666238864 . _:b665798657 _:b665798656 . _:b665806250 . _:b665860556 "A primary bacterial infectious disease caused by the bacteria of the genus Salmonella. It has sypmtoms diarrhea, fever, vomiting, and abdominal cramps 12 to 72 hours after infection. In most cases, the illness lasts four to seven days, and most people recover without treatment." . _:b665806243 . _:b663516817 "mid-intestine"^^ . _:b665862422 . _:b666238876 . _:b665806254 . _:b665798664 _:b665798663 . _:b665806255 . _:b665798665 _:b665798664 . _:b665798662 _:b665798665 . _:b665806249 . _:b665806242 . _:b665806244 . _:b666238850 . _:b665861376 . _:b665806253 . _:b666208639 . _:b665806247 . _:b663516828 "posterior intestine"^^ . _:b665806232 . _:b665806233 . _:b666238855 . _:b665806234 . _:b665860777 "cjm"^^ . _:b665806235 . _:b663520229 . _:b665806227 . _:b666238851 . _:b665806236 . _:b663520228 . _:b665806237 . _:b666238394 "Last portion of the large intestine before it becomes the rectum."^^ . _:b666238862 . _:b665806239 . _:b665798491 "All continuant parts of spatial regions are spatial regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [036-001])"@en . _:b663520225 . _:b663516060 "In humans, the duodenum is a hollow jointed tube about 10-15 inches (25-38 centimetres) long connecting the stomach to the jejunum. It begins with the duodenal bulb and ends at the ligament of Treitz."^^ . _:b665806224 . _:b666238856 . _:b665806225 . _:b663520227 . _:b665806226 . _:b666238848 . _:b663520226 . _:b665862149 "Portion of the alimentary canal bounded anteriorly by the pyloric sphincter and posteriorly by the cloacal sphincter.[AAO]"^^ . _:b666238849 . _:b665806228 . _:b666239292 "diverticulum of gut"^^ . _:b665806229 . _:b665860797 "cjm"^^ . _:b665806238 . _:b665798735 . _:b665798734 . _:b665806217 . _:b665860903 "FBbt:00100316"^^ . _:b665798733 . _:b665798732 . _:b665798731 . _:b665806220 . _:b665806212 . _:b665798730 . _:b665806221 . _:b665862147 . _:b665798729 . _:b665806222 . _:b666209408 "Every entity which has a material entity as continuant part is a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [020-002])"@en . _:b665798728 . _:b665806223 . _:b665806208 . _:b665806216 . _:b665798877 _:b665798882 . _:b665806209 . _:b665806210 . _:b665806211 . _:b663913417 . _:b665798873 _:b665798872 . _:b665860787 "cjm"^^ . _:b665798871 _:b665798874 . _:b665798874 _:b665798873 . _:b665806213 . _:b665798849 _:b665798848 . _:b666238184 "b is a process_profile =Def. there is some process c such that b process_profile_of c (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [093-002])"@en . _:b665798850 _:b665798849 . _:b665798736 . _:b665862269 . _:b665862233 . _:b665806328 . _:b665806320 . _:b665862232 . _:b665806329 . _:b665806330 . _:b663914136 . _:b665806331 . _:b665798858 _:b665798861 . _:b665798676 "Intestinal surface area also is increased in amphibians and reptiles by internal folds and occasionally by a few villi. The intestine can be divided into a small intestine and a slightly wider large intestine.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665798841 . _:b663521087 . _:b665805371 "p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003])"@en . _:b665798855 _:b665798854 . _:b665798840 . _:b665798853 _:b665798856 . _:b665860623 . _:b663520211 . _:b665806321 . _:b663520289 "TAO"^^ . _:b665798856 _:b665798855 . _:b663516547 "every entity of which a material entity is continuant part is also a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [021-002])"@en . _:b665798480 "b is an occurrent entity iff b is an entity that has temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [079-001])"@en . _:b665798861 _:b665798860 . _:b663516843 . _:b665806324 . _:b663520764 "A one-dimensional spatial region is a line or aggregate of lines stretching from one point in space to another. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [038-001])"@en . _:b665806325 . _:b665860774 . _:b665798860 _:b665798859 . _:b665860701 "cjm"^^ . _:b665798910 _:b665798909 . _:b665806326 . _:b665798835 . _:b665860700 "cjm"^^ . _:b665806327 . _:b665798834 . _:b665798911 _:b665798910 . _:b663516848 . _:b665806312 . _:b666238928 . _:b665798837 . _:b665798897 _:b665798900 . _:b665798836 . _:b665806314 . _:b665798839 . _:b665862241 . _:b666238931 . _:b665798838 . _:b665798905 _:b665798904 . _:b665798903 _:b665798906 . _:b666238938 . _:b665862240 . _:b665798906 _:b665798905 . _:b665806317 . _:b666238941 . _:b665806318 . _:b666208627 "(forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [037-001] " . _:b665806319 . _:b666238943 . _:b665806304 . _:b665798900 _:b665798899 . _:b666238936 . _:b665806181 "requested by Melanie Courtot" . _:b665806305 . _:b665806313 . _:b663516021 "AAO:0010400"^^ . _:b665798908 _:b665798911 . _:b666238424 "ncithesaurus:Small_Intestine"^^ . _:b666238939 . _:b665798886 _:b665798887 . _:b665806308 . _:b665798899 _:b665798898 . _:b663516861 . _:b665805335 "Simons uses different terminology for relations of occurrents to regions: Denote the spatio-temporal location of a given occurrent e by 'spn[e]' and call this region its span. We may say an occurrent is at its span, in any larger region, and covers any smaller region. Now suppose we have fixed a frame of reference so that we can speak not merely of spatio-temporal but also of spatial regions (places) and temporal regions (times). The spread of an occurrent, (relative to a frame of reference) is the space it exactly occupies, and its spell is likewise the time it exactly occupies. We write 'spr[e]' and `spl[e]' respectively for the spread and spell of e, omitting mention of the frame." . _:b665806309 . _:b666238917 . _:b665806310 . _:b665806311 . _:b666238919 . _:b663520318 . _:b665798894 _:b665798893 . _:b666209363 "(iff (Process a) (and (Occurrent a) (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)) (exists (c t) (and (MaterialEntity c) (specificallyDependsOnAt a c t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [083-003] " . _:b665806299 . _:b665862225 . _:b665798895 _:b665798894 . _:b665806300 . _:b665806292 . _:b665798880 _:b665798879 . _:b665860472 "(forall (x) (if (TemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [100-001] " . _:b665798881 _:b665798878 . _:b665798892 _:b665798895 . _:b665798882 _:b665798881 . _:b663515796 "(iff (ProcessBoundary a) (exists (p) (and (Process p) (temporalPartOf a p) (not (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [084-001] " . _:b666238926 . _:b666238155 "ISBN:978-3-938793-98-5pp124-158#Thomas Bittner and Barry Smith, 'A Theory of Granular Partitions', in K. Munn and B. Smith (eds.), Applied Ontology: An Introduction, Frankfurt/Lancaster: ontos, 2008, 125-158." . _:b665798881 _:b665798880 . _:b663520309 . _:b665806298 . _:b663520263 "TAO"^^ . _:b665862216 . _:b665806293 . _:b665806294 . _:b665862218 . _:b665806303 . _:b666238872 "(forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [095-001] " . _:b663520300 . _:b665806283 . _:b663520301 . _:b665798788 _:b665798787 . _:b665806284 . _:b665798800 _:b665798801 . _:b665798789 _:b665798788 . _:b665806285 . _:b665798795 _:b665798798 . _:b665806286 . _:b663520227 "VHOG:0000450"^^ . _:b665862085 . _:b663520299 . _:b665806272 . _:b665806273 . _:b665862215 . _:b665806274 . _:b665798786 _:b665798789 . _:b665806275 . . _:b665860723 "cjm"^^ . _:b665806276 . _:b665862805 "A disease that manifests in a defined anatomical structure." . _:b665798797 _:b665798796 . _:b663519919 "0.0"^^ . _:b665806277 . _:b663913963 "if b is a material entity, then there is some temporal interval (referred to below as a one-dimensional temporal region) during which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [011-002])"@en . _:b663520290 . _:b665798798 _:b665798797 . _:b663520289 . _:b665805874 . _:b665862353 "A proximal-distal subdivision of the digestive tract."^^ . _:b665805879 . _:b663519924 "0.0"^^ . _:b665806432 "UMLS:C0022378"^^ . _:b665805884 . _:b663519934 "0.0"^^ . _:b666209814 . _:b665798847 _:b665798850 . _:b665861377 . _:b666238265 . _:b665806401 . _:b666238266 . _:b663519929 "0.0"^^ . _:b666238800 . _:b666238260 . _:b666238805 . _:b666238270 . _:b663520264 . _:b666238264 . _:b666238810 . _:b666238258 . _:b663520262 . _:b666238259 . _:b663520263 . _:b666238815 . _:b666238261 . _:b666238269 . _:b665798845 _:b665798844 . _:b665860655 "cjm"^^ . _:b666238248 . _:b666238786 . _:b663520730 "(forall (x) (if (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [039-001] " . _:b665798844 _:b665798843 . _:b666238250 . _:b665806448 . _:b663520218 . _:b666238790 . _:b666238253 . _:b665806453 . _:b665798063 "UMLS:C0021852"^^ . _:b666238255 . _:b665806459 . _:b665798842 _:b665798845 . _:b666238240 . _:b666238794 . _:b665860646 "cjm"^^ . _:b663913714 . _:b665861461 . _:b666238249 . _:b663913715 . _:b666239108 "ncithesaurus:Esophagus"^^ . _:b663913712 . _:b666238243 . _:b663913713 . _:b666238244 . _:b663913718 . _:b666238245 . _:b663913719 . _:b666238246 . _:b666238254 . _:b663913716 . _:b666238247 . _:b665798953 _:b665798952 . _:b663913717 . _:b665798951 _:b665798954 . _:b666238232 . _:b665798954 _:b665798953 . _:b663913722 . _:b666238233 . _:b665861977 "p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003])"@en . _:b663913723 . _:b666238234 . _:b663913720 . _:b666238235 . _:b666238227 . _:b663913721 . _:b663913432 "The tract of the alimentary canal. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b666238236 . _:b665805828 . _:b665798945 _:b665798948 . _:b663913726 . _:b666238237 . _:b663520029 . _:b663913727 . _:b663913724 . _:b666238239 . _:b665806235 . _:b663913725 . _:b665798947 _:b665798946 . _:b666238224 . _:b665863044 . _:b665861318 "A disease of anatomical entity that is located_in the gastrointestinal tract." . _:b663913698 . _:b665805833 . _:b665798468 "A continuant is an entity that persists, endures, or continues to exist through time while maintaining its identity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [008-002])"@en . _:b663913699 . _:b663913696 . _:b663913697 . _:b665798948 _:b665798947 . _:b666238228 . _:b663913702 . _:b663914258 "caecum"^^ . _:b663913703 . _:b666238238 . _:b663913700 . _:b666238231 . _:b663913701 . _:b666238216 . . _:b666238818 . _:b663913706 . _:b666238217 . _:b663913707 . _:b663520251 . _:b666238218 . _:b665863036 "MGI:monikat"^^ . _:b663913704 . _:b663520250 . _:b666238219 . _:b666238211 . _:b663913705 . _:b666238220 . _:b666238572 . _:b663913710 . _:b665805638 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b666238221 . _:b666238821 . _:b663913711 . _:b666238222 . _:b663913708 . _:b665798960 _:b665798959 . _:b663913709 . _:b665798964 _:b665798963 . _:b665805944 . _:b663913682 . _:b663913683 . _:b665798962 _:b665798961 . _:b665798963 _:b665798962 . _:b666238824 . _:b663913680 . _:b666238571 . _:b663913681 . _:b666238212 . _:b663913686 . _:b665798961 _:b665798960 . _:b663913687 . _:b663913684 . _:b666238223 . _:b663913685 . _:b665861432 . _:b666238328 . _:b666238738 . _:b663913690 . _:b666238329 . _:b663913691 . _:b666238330 . _:b663913688 . _:b666238164 "(iff (GenericallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (exists (b t) (genericallyDependsOnAt a b t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [074-001] " . _:b665798916 _:b665798915 . _:b663913689 . _:b665798922 _:b665798925 . _:b665798917 _:b665798916 . _:b666238332 . _:b666238324 . _:b663913694 . _:b666238741 . _:b663913695 . _:b665805926 . _:b663913692 . _:b666238335 . _:b666238747 . _:b663913693 . _:b666238320 . _:b663520284 . _:b663913666 . _:b665861222 "All parts of spatiotemporal regions are spatiotemporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [096-001])"@en . _:b666238321 . _:b665862762 "p is a process boundary =Def. p is a temporal part of a process & p has no proper temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [084-001])"@en . _:b665806094 "A spatial region is a continuant entity that is a continuant_part_of spaceR as defined relative to some frame R. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [035-001])"@en . _:b665806265 . _:b665798914 _:b665798917 . _:b663913667 . _:b665798925 _:b665798924 . _:b666238322 . _:b666238744 . _:b663913664 . _:b666238323 . _:b663520447 . _:b666238331 . _:b663913665 . _:b666238750 . _:b663913670 . _:b666238325 . _:b665798924 _:b665798923 . _:b663913671 . _:b663520705 "Simons uses different terminology for relations of occurrents to regions: Denote the spatio-temporal location of a given occurrent e by 'spn[e]' and call this region its span. We may say an occurrent is at its span, in any larger region, and covers any smaller region. Now suppose we have fixed a frame of reference so that we can speak not merely of spatio-temporal but also of spatial regions (places) and temporal regions (times). The spread of an occurrent, (relative to a frame of reference) is the space it exactly occupies, and its spell is likewise the time it exactly occupies. We write 'spr[e]' and `spl[e]' respectively for the spread and spell of e, omitting mention of the frame." . _:b663913668 . _:b665805935 . _:b666238723 . _:b663913669 . _:b665798938 _:b665798941 . _:b665805904 . _:b663913674 . _:b665805602 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b665798935 _:b665798934 . _:b663913675 . _:b666238720 . _:b663913672 . _:b665862295 "BTO:0000657"^^ . _:b666238315 . _:b665797737 "b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002])"@en . _:b663913673 . _:b665805908 . _:b666238316 . _:b666238726 . _:b663913678 . _:b665862293 "BTO:0000657"^^ . _:b666238309 . _:b663913679 . _:b665798941 _:b665798940 . _:b663913676 . _:b665798595 . _:b666238319 . _:b665798592 . _:b663913677 . _:b665797985 "AAO:0000579"^^ . _:b666238304 . _:b665798594 . _:b665798593 . _:b663913650 . _:b666238305 . _:b665798940 _:b665798939 . _:b665798933 _:b665798936 . _:b666238729 . _:b663913651 . _:b665806392 . _:b666238314 . _:b663913648 . _:b666209014 . _:b663516720 "We restrict this to the vertebrate specific structure - see the grouping class 'food storage organ' for analogous structures in other species. Teleosts: Zebrafish is functionally stomach-less, but may retain ontogenic footprint. Although the precise shape and size of the stomach varies widely among different vertebrates, the relative positions of the oesophageal and duodenal openings remain relatively constant. As a result, the organ always curves somewhat to the left before curving back to meet the pyloric sphincter. However, lampreys, hagfishes, chimaeras, lungfishes, and some teleost fish have no stomach at all, with the oesophagus opening directly into the intestine. The gastric lining is usually divided into two regions, an anterior portion lined by fundic glands, and a posterior with pyloric glands. Cardiac glands are unique to mammals, and even then are absent in a number of species. The distributions of these glands vary between species, and do not always correspond with the same regions as in man. Furthermore, in many non-human mammals, a portion of the stomach anterior to the cardiac glands is lined with epithelium essentially identical to that of the oesophagus. Ruminants, in particular, have a complex stomach, the first three chambers of which are all lined with oesophageal mucosa"^^ . _:b666238735 . _:b663913649 . _:b663913654 . _:b666209414 "Continuant fiat boundary doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary and a one dimensional continuant fiat boundary that doesn't overlap it. The situation is analogous to temporal and spatial regions."@en . _:b665798936 _:b665798935 . _:b665805917 . _:b663913655 . _:b663520821 "A gastrointestinal system infectious disease that involves inflammation of the lining of the stomach and small and large intestines, which is caused by viruses, bacteria, or parasites. Chemicals and drugs also cause gastroenteritis. The symptoms include diarrhea, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, cramps, and discomfort in the abdomen." . _:b666238310 . _:b666238732 . _:b663913652 . _:b666238311 . _:b665798600 . _:b663913653 . _:b666238296 . _:b665863094 . _:b666238770 . _:b663913658 . _:b665805889 . _:b666238297 . _:b663520645 . _:b665863089 . _:b663913659 . _:b663913656 . _:b666238775 . _:b663913657 . _:b663913662 . _:b663913663 . _:b665805894 . _:b663913660 . _:b663913661 . _:b665805589 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b666238288 . _:b666238506 . _:b663913634 . _:b663913635 . _:b663516794 "TAO:0001323"^^ . _:b663913632 . _:b666239167 . _:b665805899 . _:b665862973 . _:b666238505 . _:b663913633 . _:b665862334 . _:b663913638 . _:b665862971 . _:b663913639 . _:b666238294 . _:b663913636 . _:b666238295 . _:b666238303 . _:b663913637 . _:b663913642 . _:b666238281 . _:b666238753 . _:b663913643 . _:b666208839 "ventriculus"^^ . _:b666238282 . _:b665806544 . _:b663913640 . _:b665862961 . _:b666238283 . _:b666208973 . _:b665806551 . _:b663913641 . _:b665862894 "GOC:GO"^^ . _:b666238284 . _:b663913646 . _:b666238285 . _:b666238277 . _:b663913647 . _:b663520412 . _:b665862962 . _:b666238286 . _:b666238756 . _:b663913644 . _:b663520413 . _:b666238287 . _:b663913645 . _:b665862964 . _:b663913618 . _:b666238273 . _:b663913619 . _:b666238274 . _:b663520400 . _:b666238760 . _:b663913616 . _:b666238275 . _:b666238767 . _:b663913617 . _:b665806012 . _:b666238276 . _:b663913622 . _:b665806557 . _:b663913623 . _:b666238278 . _:b666238764 . _:b663913620 . _:b666239171 . _:b663914081 "A disease by infectious agent that results_in infection, has_material_basis_in Bacteria." . _:b663913621 . _:b663913626 . _:b666238393 . _:b663913627 . _:b665806528 . _:b663913624 . _:b663913625 . _:b663913630 . _:b665805989 . _:b665797938 . _:b663913631 . _:b665860502 "Specifically dependent continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. We're not sure what else will develop here, but for example there are questions such as what are promises, obligation, etc."@en . _:b663913628 . _:b666238399 . _:b665806539 . _:b663913629 . _:b663520820 "url:http://www.health.state.ny.us/diseases/communicable/campylobacteriosis/fact_sheet.htm" . _:b663913602 . _:b663516509 "(forall (x) (if (RealizableEntity x) (and (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (inheresIn x y)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [058-002] " . _:b663913603 . _:b663913600 . _:b663913601 . _:b663913606 . _:b665862939 . _:b666238389 . _:b663913607 . _:b665805998 . _:b666238390 . _:b665862938 . _:b663913604 . _:b663913605 . _:b663913610 . _:b666238377 . _:b663913611 . _:b663913608 . _:b665805971 . _:b663913609 . _:b663913614 . _:b663913615 . _:b665805543 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b663913612 . _:b663913613 . _:b666238368 . _:b663913586 . _:b665861312 . _:b663913587 . _:b666238370 . _:b665861482 "WP"^^ . _:b663913584 . _:b666208822 . _:b663913585 . _:b665805980 . _:b663520858 . _:b663520744 "If b is a realizable entity then for all t at which b exists, b s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [063-002])"@en . _:b663913590 . _:b663913591 . _:b666238450 "ISBN:0-683-40008-8"^^ . _:b663913588 . _:b666238375 . _:b665806563 . _:b663913589 . _:b663913594 . _:b665805953 . _:b663913595 . _:b665798583 . _:b663913592 . _:b666238363 . _:b663913593 . _:b665798063 . _:b666208815 . _:b666238364 . _:b663913598 . _:b666209630 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b666238365 . _:b663913599 . _:b665861353 . _:b665863152 . _:b663913596 . _:b665861516 . _:b666238971 . _:b663913597 . _:b666238352 . _:b663913570 . _:b665863149 . _:b666238353 . _:b663913571 . _:b665805962 . _:b666238354 . _:b663913568 . _:b665861362 . _:b666238355 . _:b666238975 . _:b663913569 . _:b666238356 . _:b665798589 . _:b663913574 . _:b663516533 "(forall (x) (if (Site x) (ImmaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [034-002] " . _:b665863035 . _:b666238357 . _:b663913575 . _:b663913572 . _:b665798584 . _:b663913573 . _:b663519980 "(forall (r) (if (TemporalRegion r) (occupiesTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [119-002] " . _:b663913578 . _:b665798064 . _:b666238827 "An entity is anything that exists or has existed or will exist. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [001-001])"@en . _:b663913330 "url:https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/general/index.html" . _:b663913579 . _:b665806066 . _:b665798065 . _:b663913576 . _:b663515801 "every entity of which a material entity is continuant part is also a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [021-002])"@en . _:b665863025 . _:b665797828 "(iff (RelationalQuality a) (exists (b c t) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (IndependentContinuant c) (qualityOfAt a b t) (qualityOfAt a c t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [057-001] " . _:b663913577 . _:b663913582 . _:b665798076 . _:b665797838 "A primary bacterial infectious disease caused by the bacteria of the genus Salmonella. It has sypmtoms diarrhea, fever, vomiting, and abdominal cramps 12 to 72 hours after infection. In most cases, the illness lasts four to seven days, and most people recover without treatment." . _:b663913583 . _:b665862375 . _:b665806484 . _:b666238948 . _:b663913580 . _:b665798074 . _:b663913581 . _:b666238336 . _:b665798075 . _:b663914309 "The fixed portion of the small intestine deeply lodged in the posterior wall of the abdomen and extending from the pylorus to the beginning of the jejunum. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663913554 . _:b666238337 . _:b665862979 . _:b663520991 . _:b663913555 . _:b666238338 . _:b665861957 "(forall (x) (if (SpatialRegion x) (Continuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [035-001] " . _:b665862978 . _:b663913264 . _:b663913552 . _:b666238339 . _:b663913453 . _:b666238959 . _:b663913553 . _:b666238340 . _:b663913558 . _:b665806395 . _:b665798020 . _:b666238341 . _:b663913559 . _:b665806396 . _:b665798021 . _:b666238342 . _:b663913556 . _:b666238571 . _:b666209656 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b665862804 "url:http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf" . _:b663913557 . _:b666238572 . _:b665798019 . _:b663913562 . _:b663913563 . _:b666238458 . _:b665806464 . _:b663913560 . _:b663913561 . _:b663913566 . _:b666238461 . _:b663913261 . _:b663913567 . _:b665798132 . _:b663913564 . _:b665806389 . _:b666238463 . _:b665798026 . _:b665806530 . _:b663913263 . _:b663913565 . _:b666238448 . _:b665798027 . _:b663913262 . _:b663913538 . _:b665863015 . _:b665798024 . _:b666238457 . _:b663913539 . _:b665862300 "ISBN:978-0521617147 Stevens CE and Hume ID, Comparative physiology of the vertebrate digestive system (2004) p.11"^^ . _:b665798025 . _:b663913536 . _:b665862222 "UMLS:C0034896"^^ . _:b665798137 . _:b663913537 . _:b665806378 . _:b665806060 . _:b663913310 "b is a continuant fiat boundary = Def. b is an immaterial entity that is of zero, one or two dimensions and does not include a spatial region as part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [029-001])"@en . _:b665798073 "NCBITaxon:9606"^^ . _:b663913542 . _:b665806477 . _:b663913543 . _:b665798037 . _:b666238462 . _:b663913540 . _:b666238371 "ISBN:0-683-40008-8"^^ . _:b665806063 . _:b663914063 "(forall (x y) (if (processProfileOf x y) (and (properContinuantPartOf x y) (exists (z t) (and (properOccurrentPartOf z y) (TemporalRegion t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion y t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion z t) (not (exists (w) (and (occurrentPartOf w x) (occurrentPartOf w z))))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [094-005] " . _:b663913541 . _:b665806382 . _:b665806032 . _:b665806514 . _:b666238546 . _:b663913546 . _:b665861340 . _:b663913547 . _:b663913544 . _:b663913545 . _:b665806036 . _:b663913550 . _:b663913551 . _:b663913548 . _:b666238447 . _:b663913549 . _:b666238976 _:b666238975 . _:b663913522 . _:b663913523 . _:b665806520 . _:b663913520 . _:b665805695 "UMLS:C0020885"^^ . _:b663913521 . _:b663520214 . _:b663913526 . _:b665862987 . _:b663913527 . _:b665806364 . _:b665862986 . _:b666238438 . _:b665806081 "Simons uses different terminology for relations of occurrents to regions: Denote the spatio-temporal location of a given occurrent e by 'spn[e]' and call this region its span. We may say an occurrent is at its span, in any larger region, and covers any smaller region. Now suppose we have fixed a frame of reference so that we can speak not merely of spatio-temporal but also of spatial regions (places) and temporal regions (times). The spread of an occurrent, (relative to a frame of reference) is the space it exactly occupies, and its spell is likewise the time it exactly occupies. We write 'spr[e]' and `spl[e]' respectively for the spread and spell of e, omitting mention of the frame." . _:b663913524 . _:b663520053 "(forall (x y) (if (processProfileOf x y) (and (properContinuantPartOf x y) (exists (z t) (and (properOccurrentPartOf z y) (TemporalRegion t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion y t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion z t) (not (exists (w) (and (occurrentPartOf w x) (occurrentPartOf w z))))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [094-005] " . _:b666238439 . _:b665862394 . _:b663913525 . _:b665806366 . _:b665806498 . _:b663913530 . _:b665806017 . _:b665863069 . _:b663913531 . _:b665806352 . _:b665798481 "(forall (x) (if (Occurrent x) (exists (r) (and (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x r))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [108-001] " . _:b663913528 . _:b666238427 . _:b665806503 . _:b663913529 . _:b666238428 . _:b665805544 "The tract of the alimentary canal. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663913534 . _:b666238429 . _:b663913535 . _:b663913532 . _:b665806357 . _:b663913533 . _:b666238416 . _:b663913506 . _:b666238417 . _:b663913507 . _:b665806344 . _:b666238418 . _:b663913504 . _:b665806345 . _:b666238419 . _:b663913505 . _:b665806346 . _:b665806028 . _:b663913510 . _:b665806509 . _:b663913511 . _:b663913508 . _:b665862176 . _:b663520227 . _:b663913509 . _:b666238408 . _:b663913514 . _:b666238409 . _:b666238401 . _:b663913515 . _:b663913512 . _:b666238411 . _:b663520239 . _:b663913513 . _:b663913518 . _:b663913519 . _:b665862183 . _:b666238414 . _:b663913516 . _:b666238415 . _:b663913517 . _:b666238400 . _:b665806553 . _:b663913490 . _:b663913491 . _:b666238402 . _:b666238410 . _:b663913488 . _:b663520262 "AAO"^^ . _:b663913489 . _:b666209585 "ventriculus"^^ . _:b665806458 . _:b666239141 "The last portion of the digestive system, it extracts water and salt from solid wastes before they are eliminated from the body.[AAO]"^^ . _:b665860558 . _:b663913494 . _:b666238405 . _:b665798084 . _:b663913495 . _:b666238406 . _:b665798085 . _:b663913492 . _:b665806461 . _:b665798082 . _:b666238407 . _:b663913493 . _:b665806474 . _:b665798083 . _:b666238000 . _:b663913498 . _:b665806463 . _:b665806265 . _:b663913499 . _:b665797997 "Tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach. In mammals, the oesophagus connects the buccal cavity with the stomach. The stratified squamous non-keratinised epithelium lining the buccal cavity is continued through the pharynx down into the oesophagus. The lowest part of the oesophagus (ca. 2 cm) is lined with gastric mucosa and covered by peritoneum. The main body of the oesophagus is lined with small, simple mucous glands. Each gland opens into the lumen by a long duct which pierces the muscularis mucosae (Wilson and Washington, 1989). A sphincter is situated at the point where the oesophagus enters the stomach to prevent gastro-oesophageal reflux, i.e. to prevent acidic gastric contents from reaching stratified epithelia of the oesophagus, where they can cause inflammation and irritation (Wilson and Washington, 1989; Brown et al., 1993)."^^ . _:b663515749 "(forall (r) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [107-002] " . _:b663913496 . _:b665798094 . _:b663913497 . _:b665798095 . _:b666238550 . _:b663913502 . _:b665798092 . _:b663913503 . _:b665798093 . _:b663520072 . _:b663913500 . _:b666239108 "UMLS:C0014876"^^ . _:b666238555 . _:b663913501 . _:b665798091 . _:b663520853 . _:b663913474 . _:b666238009 . _:b663913475 . _:b663913472 . _:b665797847 "url:http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec09/ch122/ch122a.html" . _:b663913473 . _:b663913478 . _:b665861300 "A history is a process that is the sum of the totality of processes taking place in the spatiotemporal region occupied by a material entity or site, including processes on the surface of the entity or within the cavities to which it serves as host. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [138-001])"@en . _:b663913479 . _:b663913476 . _:b665806525 . _:b666238531 . _:b663913477 . _:b663913482 . _:b663913690 . _:b663913483 . _:b663913480 . _:b663913481 . _:b665862246 "ISBN:978-0521617147 Stevens CE and Hume ID, Comparative physiology of the vertebrate digestive system (2004) p.11"^^ . _:b665863072 . _:b663913486 . _:b663913487 . _:b665806436 . _:b663913484 . _:b665862194 . _:b666237991 . _:b666238539 . _:b663913485 . _:b663520792 "b is a continuant fiat boundary = Def. b is an immaterial entity that is of zero, one or two dimensions and does not include a spatial region as part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [029-001])"@en . _:b665806202 . _:b663913970 . _:b663913971 . _:b663913968 . _:b665806025 . _:b663913969 . _:b665806024 . _:b663913974 . _:b663516067 "MGI:monikat"^^ . _:b665806427 . _:b663913975 . _:b665806244 . _:b663913972 . _:b663913973 . _:b665861882 . _:b663913978 . _:b665805589 "Portion of alimentary canal with increased circular and longitudinal smooth muscle. Bounded posteriorly by the pyloric sphincter. Mucosal lining has increased folding.[AAO]"^^ . _:b663913979 . _:b665806416 . _:b665862108 . _:b663913673 . _:b663913976 . _:b666209581 "DOI:10.1046/j.1525-142x.2000.00076.x Smith DM, Grasty RC, Theodosiou NA, Tabin CJ, Nascone-Yoder NM, Evolutionary relationships between the amphibian, avian, and mammalian stomachs. Evolution and development (2000)"^^ . _:b663913977 . _:b663520158 . _:b663913982 . _:b663914327 "MP:0002581"^^ . _:b665797932 . _:b666237973 . _:b663913983 . _:b663913980 . _:b665806440 "ISBN:978-0521617147 Stevens CE and Hume ID, Comparative physiology of the vertebrate digestive system (2004) p.11"^^ . _:b665860607 . _:b665806469 . _:b663913981 . _:b666208839 . _:b665797931 . _:b665806023 . _:b666238586 . _:b663913954 . _:b663913955 . . _:b663913340 "A disease is a disposition (i) to undergo pathological processes that (ii) exists in an organism because of one or more disorders in that organism." . _:b665806021 . _:b663913952 . _:b666208939 "ISBN:978-0521617147 Stevens CE and Hume ID, Comparative physiology of the vertebrate digestive system (2004) p.11"^^ . . _:b665861231 "p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003])"@en . _:b665806191 . _:b666238591 . _:b663913953 . _:b665806527 . _:b663913958 . _:b663914299 "The terminal region of the mid intestine is comprised of specialized enterocytes that appear to play a role in mucosal immunity. Wallace et al, 2005.[TAO]"^^ . _:b663913959 . _:b665797941 . _:b666237982 . _:b663913956 . _:b663913957 . _:b666208572 . _:b666238562 . _:b663913962 . _:b666208573 . _:b665806516 . _:b663913963 . _:b666208574 . _:b665806400 . _:b663516767 "AAO"^^ . _:b665798747 "UMLS:C0014876"^^ . _:b663913960 . _:b666208575 . _:b666237955 . _:b663913961 . _:b666208568 . _:b663913966 . _:b666208569 . _:b665806403 . _:b663913967 . _:b666208570 . _:b665806404 . _:b663520168 . _:b665806513 . _:b663913964 . _:b666208571 . _:b665806405 . _:b663913965 . _:b665806027 . _:b665797836 "A history is a process that is the sum of the totality of processes taking place in the spatiotemporal region occupied by a material entity or site, including processes on the surface of the entity or within the cavities to which it serves as host. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [138-001])"@en . _:b663913938 . _:b665806407 . _:b663913939 . _:b663520958 . _:b666238568 . _:b663913936 . _:b666208872 . _:b663913937 . _:b666237964 . _:b666238574 . _:b663913942 . _:b663913943 . _:b665806437 . _:b663913940 . _:b665862893 . _:b663913941 . _:b663913946 . _:b663516718 "AAO"^^ . _:b665806508 . _:b665797846 . _:b665863008 . _:b663913947 . _:b665797847 . _:b663913944 . _:b663913251 "Each spatiotemporal region at any time t projects_onto some spatial region at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [099-001])"@en . _:b663913945 . _:b665806406 . _:b665806511 . _:b663913950 . _:b665862740 . _:b663516456 "if b is a continuant and if, for some t, c has_continuant_part b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [126-001])"@en . _:b663913951 . _:b665862741 . _:b665797843 . _:b663913948 . _:b666238071 . _:b663913949 . _:b665862739 . _:b665862884 . _:b666208871 . _:b663913922 . _:b665806519 . _:b665797854 . _:b663913923 . _:b666238074 . _:b666238488 . _:b663913920 . _:b665862924 . _:b665806505 . _:b666238495 . _:b663913921 . _:b665806506 . _:b663913926 . _:b665797849 . _:b666238077 . _:b663913927 . _:b665797848 . _:b663913924 . _:b663913925 . _:b663913930 . _:b663913931 . _:b666238464 . _:b663913928 . _:b665806497 . _:b663913512 "caecum"^^ . _:b663913929 . _:b666238470 . _:b663913934 . _:b665806445 . _:b663913935 . _:b665861339 . _:b665806500 . _:b663516731 "AAO"^^ . _:b665806468 . _:b663913932 . _:b665806456 . _:b666209666 "The fixed portion of the small intestine deeply lodged in the posterior wall of the abdomen and extending from the pylorus to the beginning of the jejunum. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b666238475 . _:b663913933 . _:b665806502 . _:b663913906 . _:b663913276 "Specifically dependent continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. We're not sure what else will develop here, but for example there are questions such as what are promises, obligation, etc."@en . _:b665797838 . _:b663913907 . _:b665806488 . _:b663913904 . _:b665797990 . _:b663913905 . _:b665806490 . _:b665806471 . _:b665797837 . _:b663913910 . _:b665806491 . _:b665797988 . _:b665806523 . _:b663913911 . _:b665806492 . _:b665806524 . _:b665797989 . _:b663913908 . _:b663913909 . _:b666238514 . _:b663913914 . _:b665806408 . _:b663913915 . _:b663913912 . _:b663913290 "(forall (x) (if (ThreeDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [040-001] " . _:b663913913 . _:b665806482 . _:b663520168 . _:b663913918 . _:b665806483 . _:b663913919 . _:b665805825 . _:b663913916 . _:b665805824 . _:b666238039 . _:b663913917 . _:b663913890 . _:b665806487 . _:b663913891 . _:b665806472 . _:b666238520 . _:b663913888 . _:b665806473 . _:b663516672 "AAO"^^ . _:b665806418 . _:b666238043 . _:b663519899 . _:b663520167 . _:b663913889 . _:b665860390 . _:b663913894 . _:b666208885 "ISBN:978-0521617147 Stevens CE and Hume ID, Comparative physiology of the vertebrate digestive system (2004) p.11"^^ . _:b666238525 . _:b663913895 . _:b665806476 . _:b663913892 . _:b666238047 . _:b663913893 . _:b666208636 . _:b663520850 . _:b663913898 . _:b666208637 . _:b665806479 . _:b665806386 "ISBN:978-0521617147 Stevens CE and Hume ID, Comparative physiology of the vertebrate digestive system (2004) p.11"^^ . _:b663520158 . _:b663913899 . _:b666208913 . _:b666208638 . _:b665798001 . _:b663515785 "(forall (x) (if (ThreeDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [040-001] " . _:b666208639 . _:b663913896 . _:b665806295 . _:b663913897 . _:b666208632 . _:b665806466 . _:b663913902 . _:b666208633 . _:b665806467 . _:b665798012 . _:b665806428 . _:b663913903 . _:b666208634 . _:b665798013 . _:b663913900 . _:b666208635 . _:b666238023 . _:b663913901 . _:b666208628 . _:b663520035 "Every process boundary occupies_temporal_region a zero-dimensional temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [085-002])"@en . _:b663914327 "MGI:csmith"^^ . _:b666208629 . _:b663913874 . _:b663913875 . _:b666208630 . _:b665797930 "VHOG:0000054"^^ . _:b666208631 . _:b663913872 . _:b663913873 . _:b666208624 . _:b665861361 . _:b666238028 . _:b663913878 . _:b666208625 . _:b665806301 . _:b663913527 "TAO:0000706"^^ . _:b666238509 . _:b663913879 . _:b666208626 . _:b665806335 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b663913876 . _:b666208627 . _:b666238675 . _:b663913877 . _:b666209033 . _:b666208620 . _:b663913882 . _:b666208621 . _:b663913883 . _:b666208622 . _:b666238672 . _:b665798065 "BTO:0000651"^^ . _:b666208623 . _:b663913880 . . _:b666208616 . _:b663913881 . _:b665806379 . _:b666238678 . _:b663520240 "ncithesaurus:Rectum"^^ . _:b666208617 . _:b663913886 . _:b663913887 . _:b666208618 . _:b663913884 . _:b666208619 . _:b663913885 . _:b666208612 . _:b665862290 "MGI:monikat"^^ . _:b663913858 . _:b666208613 . _:b665798840 "lower intestine"^^ . _:b666238681 . _:b663913859 . _:b666208614 . _:b663516569 . _:b663913856 . _:b666208615 . _:b665860443 "if b is a material entity, then there is some temporal interval (referred to below as a one-dimensional temporal region) during which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [011-002])"@en . _:b666238687 . _:b663913857 . _:b666208608 . _:b663913862 . _:b666208609 . _:b666208727 . _:b663913863 . _:b666208610 . _:b666238684 . _:b663913860 . _:b666208611 . _:b666238659 . _:b663913861 . _:b666208604 . _:b665806322 . _:b663913866 . _:b666208605 . _:b666238657 . _:b663913867 . _:b666208606 . _:b663913864 . _:b666208607 . _:b663913865 . _:b666208600 . _:b666238662 . _:b663913870 . _:b666208601 . _:b663913957 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b666208602 . _:b663913871 . _:b666238435 "ncithesaurus:Duodenum"^^ . _:b663913868 . _:b666208603 . _:b665806398 . _:b663913869 . _:b666208596 . _:b663520246 . _:b666238666 . _:b663913842 . _:b666208597 . _:b663913843 . _:b666208598 . _:b663913840 . _:b666238420 "2"^^ . _:b666208599 . _:b666208596 . _:b663913841 . _:b666208592 . _:b665862207 . _:b665806341 . _:b666208595 . _:b663516043 . _:b663913846 . _:b666208593 . _:b663913430 "Segment of the alimentary canal extending from the stomach to the anus and, in humans and other mammals, consists of two segments, the small intestine and the large intestine."^^ . _:b663914329 "ncithesaurus:Ileum"^^ . _:b666238669 . _:b663913847 . _:b666208594 . _:b663914055 "(forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [020-002] " . _:b666238897 "A one-dimensional spatial region is a line or aggregate of lines stretching from one point in space to another. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [038-001])"@en . _:b663913844 . _:b666208595 . _:b663913845 . _:b666208588 . _:b665806306 . _:b665806343 . _:b663913850 . _:b666208589 . _:b666238705 . _:b663913851 . _:b666208590 . _:b666208605 . _:b665797761 . _:b663913848 . _:b666208591 . _:b665797760 . _:b666238711 . _:b663520239 . _:b663913849 . _:b666208584 . _:b665806289 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b666208603 . _:b665797763 . _:b666208734 . _:b663913854 . _:b666208585 . _:b665806547 . _:b666208602 . _:b665797762 . _:b663913855 . _:b666208586 . _:b665806548 . _:b665806362 . _:b666208601 . _:b665797765 . _:b666238708 . _:b663913852 . _:b666208992 . _:b666208587 . _:b665806315 . _:b665806363 . _:b665797764 . _:b663913853 . _:b666208580 . _:b665806550 . _:b665806360 . _:b666238714 . _:b663913968 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b666208581 . _:b665861416 _:b665861413 . _:b663913826 . _:b665861964 "(forall (x) (if (TemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [100-001] " . _:b665806361 . _:b665797766 . _:b665861412 _:b665861416 . _:b663913827 . _:b666208582 . _:b665806536 . _:b663520228 . _:b663913824 . _:b666208583 . _:b665806354 . _:b663913825 . _:b666209021 . _:b666208576 . _:b665861416 _:b665861415 . _:b665806538 . _:b663516008 "FMA:14541"^^ . _:b663520227 . _:b663913830 . _:b666208577 . _:b665861525 "TAO"^^ . _:b665861421 _:b665861420 . _:b663516813 "the portion of the small intestine that extends from the duodenum to the ileum"^^ . _:b666208578 . _:b665861410 _:b665861407 . _:b666238717 . _:b663913981 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b666208578 . _:b663913831 . _:b666208577 . _:b663520226 . _:b663913828 . _:b666209016 . _:b666208579 . _:b665806541 . _:b665861421 _:b665861418 . _:b665806394 . _:b666208576 . _:b665806355 . _:b665805601 . _:b663913829 . _:b665861211 "(forall (x) (if (SpatialRegion x) (Continuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [035-001] " . _:b666208591 . _:b665861420 _:b665861419 . _:b665861409 _:b665861408 . _:b666238690 . _:b663913834 . _:b665861410 _:b665861409 . _:b666208590 . _:b665861411 _:b665861410 . _:b663913835 . _:b665806388 . _:b666238204 "A disease by infectious agent that results_in infection, has_material_basis_in Bacteria." . _:b665806358 . _:b666208589 . _:b663913832 . _:b666208703 . _:b665797777 . _:b663913833 . _:b666208696 . _:b665863046 "ISBN:978-0521617147 Stevens CE and Hume ID, Comparative physiology of the vertebrate digestive system (2004) p.11"^^ . _:b665806230 . _:b665806356 . _:b665806391 . _:b663913838 . _:b666208697 . _:b665806531 . _:b666238693 . _:b663913839 . _:b666208698 . _:b665861417 _:b665861421 . _:b665806532 . _:b665797778 . _:b666208585 . _:b663913836 . _:b665806559 . _:b665806533 . _:b666208584 . _:b666238699 . _:b663913837 . _:b666208692 . _:b665806556 . _:b665861415 _:b665861414 . _:b665798930 . _:b666208631 . _:b663913810 . _:b663520215 . _:b665806373 "ceca"^^ . _:b663520214 . _:b665861437 _:b665861436 . _:b665798931 . _:b666208630 . _:b663520213 . _:b663913811 . _:b665861427 _:b665861430 . _:b666238696 . _:b663913808 . _:b666208695 . _:b663913809 . _:b665861436 _:b665861435 . _:b666208627 . _:b666238702 . _:b663913814 . _:b663913815 . _:b666209678 "intestinum jejunum"^^ . _:b666208625 . _:b663913812 . _:b666208624 . _:b666238611 . _:b663913813 . _:b666208684 . _:b663913818 . _:b666208685 . _:b666238201 . _:b665797806 . _:b666208638 . _:b665860733 "EHDAA2"^^ . _:b665861429 _:b665861428 . _:b663913819 . _:b666238170 "(iff (ProcessBoundary a) (exists (p) (and (Process p) (temporalPartOf a p) (not (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [084-001] " . _:b666208686 . _:b665797807 . _:b665861430 _:b665861429 . _:b666238608 . _:b663913816 . _:b666208687 . _:b665861434 _:b665861437 . _:b666208636 . _:b663913817 . _:b666208680 . _:b665806214 . _:b663913822 . _:b666208681 . _:b666238205 . _:b666208634 . _:b666238613 . _:b663913823 . _:b666208682 . _:b666238206 . _:b666208764 . _:b663913820 . _:b666208683 . _:b663913821 . _:b666208676 . _:b665797797 . _:b665806218 . _:b666238200 . _:b666208615 . _:b663913794 . _:b666208677 . _:b665797798 . _:b666208614 . _:b666238617 . _:b663913795 . _:b666208678 . _:b666208613 . _:b663913792 . _:b666208679 . _:b665860498 "If an entity is a quality at any time that it exists, then it is a quality at every time that it exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [105-001])"@en . _:b666208612 . _:b663913793 . _:b666208672 . . _:b666208611 . _:b665861383 _:b665861382 . _:b666238622 . _:b663913798 . _:b666208673 . _:b665798918 . _:b663913799 . _:b666208674 . _:b666238099 "For any independent continuant b and any time t there is some spatial region r such that b is located_in r at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [134-001])"@en . _:b666238620 . _:b663913796 . _:b666208675 . _:b665861382 _:b665861381 . _:b666238595 . _:b663913797 . _:b666208668 . _:b666208638 "(forall (x) (if (FiatObjectPart x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y) (and (Object y) (properContinuantPartOfAt x y t)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [027-004] " . _:b663913802 . _:b666208669 . _:b663913803 . _:b666208670 . _:b665806256 . _:b666208621 . _:b663913800 . _:b666208671 . _:b665797808 . _:b666208620 . _:b665861380 _:b665861383 . _:b666238599 . _:b663913801 . _:b666208664 . _:b665797809 . _:b665806331 . _:b665797735 "(forall (x) (if (Occurrent x) (exists (r) (and (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x r))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [108-001] " . _:b666208604 . _:b665797810 . _:b663913806 . _:b666208665 . _:b665797811 . _:b666208605 . _:b663913807 . _:b666208666 . _:b665806260 . _:b666208617 . _:b663913804 . _:b666208667 . _:b663913805 . _:b666208660 . _:b666238602 . _:b663913778 . _:b666208661 . _:b665806272 . _:b663913779 . _:b666208662 . _:b663913776 . _:b666208663 . _:b663519947 "Entity doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example Werner Ceusters 'portions of reality' include 4 sorts, entities (as BFO construes them), universals, configurations, and relations. It is an open question as to whether entities as construed in BFO will at some point also include these other portions of reality. See, for example, 'How to track absolutely everything' at http://www.referent-tracking.com/_RTU/papers/CeustersICbookRevised.pdf"@en . _:b663913777 . _:b666208656 . _:b665797749 . _:b665806318 . _:b663913782 . _:b666208938 . _:b666208657 . _:b665806319 . _:b663913783 . _:b666208658 . _:b665806268 . _:b665806277 . _:b666238604 . _:b663913780 . _:b666208659 . _:b665797744 . _:b663913781 . _:b666208652 . _:b666238642 . _:b663913786 . _:b666208653 . _:b665860793 "proximal intestine"^^ . _:b665797748 . _:b665862794 . _:b663913787 . _:b666208654 . _:b665806240 . _:b665861406 _:b665861411 . _:b663914168 "VHOG:0000054"^^ . _:b663913784 . _:b666208655 . _:b665862046 "A history is a process that is the sum of the totality of processes taking place in the spatiotemporal region occupied by a material entity or site, including processes on the surface of the entity or within the cavities to which it serves as host. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [138-001])"@en . _:b666238647 . _:b663913785 . _:b666208648 . _:b665797757 . _:b663913790 . _:b666208649 . _:b665806245 . _:b663913791 . _:b666208650 . _:b666238644 . _:b663913788 . _:b666208651 . _:b665806251 . _:b665806286 . _:b666239125 "A cecum is present in most amniote species, and also in lungfish, but not in any living species of amphibian. In reptiles, it is usually a single median structure, arising from the dorsal side of the large intestine. Birds typically have two paired ceca, as, unlike other mammals, do hyraxes. Most mammalian herbivores have a relatively large cecum, hosting a large number of bacteria, which aid in the enzymatic breakdown of plant materials such as cellulose; in many species, it is considerably wider than the colon. In contrast, obligatory carnivores, whose diets contain little or no plant material, have a reduced cecum, which is often partially or wholly replaced by the vermiform appendix. Many fish have a number of small outpocketings, called pyloric ceca, along their intestine; despite the name they are not homologous with the cecum of amniotes, and their purpose is to increase the overall area of the digestive epithelium.[2] Some invertebrates, such as squid,[3] may also have structures with the same name, but these have no relationship with those of vertebrates."^^ . _:b663913789 . _:b666208929 . _:b666208644 . _:b665797830 . _:b663913762 . _:b666208645 . _:b665797829 . _:b666238649 . _:b663913763 . _:b666208646 . _:b665797755 . _:b663913760 . _:b666208647 . _:b665797742 . _:b665798779 "Last portion of the large intestine before it becomes the rectum."^^ . _:b665797732 . _:b665797730 . _:b663913761 . _:b666208883 "UBERON:0001155"^^ . _:b666208640 . _:b663516682 . _:b665797731 . _:b665806333 . _:b666238654 . _:b663913766 . _:b666208641 . _:b665797740 . _:b663516683 . _:b663913318 "(iff (ProcessProfile a) (exists (b) (and (Process b) (processProfileOf a b)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [093-002] " . _:b663913767 . _:b666208642 . _:b665797741 . _:b666238652 . _:b663913764 . _:b666208643 . _:b665797738 . _:b663913765 . _:b665797739 . _:b666238626 . _:b663913770 . _:b665805905 . _:b665806324 . _:b665806394 . _:b665797737 . _:b663913771 . _:b665806395 . _:b663913768 . _:b665806396 . _:b663913769 . _:b665806397 . _:b663913774 . _:b665805909 . _:b666238629 . _:b665806398 . _:b663913775 . _:b665806390 . _:b665806321 . _:b663913772 . _:b666209607 "UMLS:C0034896"^^ . _:b665805915 . _:b663516007 "caecum"^^ . _:b663913773 . _:b665797743 . _:b666238634 . _:b663913746 . _:b666239124 . _:b663913747 . _:b665805912 . _:b666239125 . _:b666238632 . _:b663913744 . _:b665860593 . _:b666239126 . _:b666238639 . _:b665806388 . _:b666208909 . _:b663913745 . _:b665805918 . _:b666239127 . _:b665806389 . _:b663913750 . _:b666238637 . _:b663913751 . _:b663913581 "MP:0002581"^^ . _:b663913748 . _:b665806391 . _:b665806399 . _:b666239122 . _:b663913749 . _:b665797719 . _:b665805890 . _:b666208575 . _:b663913754 . _:b666238769 . _:b666239132 . _:b665806378 . _:b663913755 . _:b666239133 . _:b665806379 . _:b663913752 . _:b665805895 . _:b666239134 . _:b663913753 . _:b663913758 . _:b666239128 . _:b663520794 . _:b663913759 . _:b665806382 . _:b665797721 . _:b665862992 "ISBN:978-0521617147 Stevens CE and Hume ID, Comparative physiology of the vertebrate digestive system (2004) p.11"^^ . _:b665862209 . _:b665805892 . _:b666239129 . _:b666238774 . _:b663913756 . _:b665797720 . _:b665862208 . _:b663520795 . _:b666239130 . _:b663520792 . _:b663913757 . _:b665862211 . _:b666239131 . _:b663520800 . _:b663913730 . _:b665797722 . _:b665862210 . _:b665805897 . _:b663913731 . _:b665861957 . _:b663913728 . _:b665806195 . _:b663520810 . _:b663520802 . _:b665861956 . _:b663913729 . _:b663520801 . _:b663520796 . _:b665861955 . _:b665805902 . _:b663520793 . _:b663913734 . _:b665863168 _:b665863174 . _:b665861954 . _:b663520787 . _:b663520809 . _:b663913735 . _:b665805900 . _:b665861953 . _:b663520808 . _:b663515814 "b is a relational quality = Def. for some independent continuants c, d and for some time t: b quality_of c at t & b quality_of d at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [057-001])"@en . _:b663913732 . _:b663520789 . _:b665805939 . _:b663913733 . _:b663913738 . _:b663520791 . _:b663913739 . _:b666208919 . _:b665805936 . _:b665860499 . _:b665798764 "A cecum is present in most amniote species, and also in lungfish, but not in any living species of amphibian. In reptiles, it is usually a single median structure, arising from the dorsal side of the large intestine. Birds typically have two paired ceca, as, unlike other mammals, do hyraxes. Most mammalian herbivores have a relatively large cecum, hosting a large number of bacteria, which aid in the enzymatic breakdown of plant materials such as cellulose; in many species, it is considerably wider than the colon. In contrast, obligatory carnivores, whose diets contain little or no plant material, have a reduced cecum, which is often partially or wholly replaced by the vermiform appendix. Many fish have a number of small outpocketings, called pyloric ceca, along their intestine; despite the name they are not homologous with the cecum of amniotes, and their purpose is to increase the overall area of the digestive epithelium.[2] Some invertebrates, such as squid,[3] may also have structures with the same name, but these have no relationship with those of vertebrates."^^ . _:b663913736 . _:b663520790 . _:b666238755 . _:b665860498 . _:b666238279 . _:b665806364 . _:b663913737 . _:b663520786 . _:b665805942 . _:b665860497 . _:b663520788 . _:b665806201 . _:b663913742 . _:b665806366 . _:b663913743 . _:b663913740 . _:b665861186 "A continuant is an entity that persists, endures, or continues to exist through time while maintaining its identity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [008-002])"@en . _:b665806352 . _:b663913741 . _:b665806353 . _:b665806205 . _:b663914226 . _:b665805945 . _:b665860500 . _:b665798535 "(forall (x) (if (FiatObjectPart x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y) (and (Object y) (properContinuantPartOfAt x y t)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [027-004] " . _:b665806354 . _:b663914227 . _:b663914224 . _:b665797812 . _:b666209406 "(forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [103-001] " . _:b665805951 . _:b663914225 . _:b665861459 _:b665861460 . _:b665860504 . _:b663914230 . _:b665806357 . _:b665860505 . _:b663914231 . _:b665805948 . _:b665806359 . _:b663914228 . _:b663520770 . _:b665806344 . _:b663914229 . _:b666238113 "(forall (r) (if (TemporalRegion r) (occupiesTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [119-002] " . _:b663520769 . _:b666238830 "if b is a continuant and if, for some t, c has_continuant_part b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [126-001])"@en . _:b665806345 . _:b663914234 . _:b665797810 . _:b663520771 . _:b666238737 . _:b665805921 . _:b663520773 . _:b663914235 . _:b665806346 . _:b663520775 . _:b663520772 . _:b663914232 . _:b665805927 . _:b663914233 . _:b665797821 . _:b665797819 . _:b663520768 . _:b666238326 . _:b663520774 . _:b666208866 . _:b663914238 . _:b663914239 . _:b665805924 . _:b663914236 . _:b663914237 . _:b665805930 . _:b663914210 . _:b666208876 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b665861507 _:b665861506 . _:b663914211 . _:b666238746 . _:b663914208 . _:b663914209 . _:b665861506 _:b665861505 . _:b665797797 . _:b666208873 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b665806341 . _:b663914214 . _:b665797792 . _:b665805933 . _:b663521008 "AAO"^^ . _:b666238333 . _:b665861513 _:b665861516 . _:b665806342 . _:b663914215 . _:b663520137 . _:b665797793 . _:b665797799 . _:b663520780 . _:b666208875 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b665798582 "A history is a process that is the sum of the totality of processes taking place in the spatiotemporal region occupied by a material entity or site, including processes on the surface of the entity or within the cavities to which it serves as host. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [138-001])"@en . _:b665806343 . _:b663914212 . _:b666208874 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b665806456 . _:b663914213 . _:b665805842 . _:b665797949 . _:b666238306 . _:b663914218 . _:b665861515 _:b665861514 . _:b663520783 . _:b665797950 . _:b663520972 "AAO"^^ . _:b663520777 . _:b663914219 . _:b665806458 . _:b665797795 . _:b663520782 . _:b665860530 . _:b663520776 . _:b666208831 . _:b663914216 . _:b665806451 . _:b665797804 . _:b665805847 . _:b663520781 . _:b665860531 . _:b663520779 . _:b663914217 . _:b663520778 . _:b665806461 . _:b666208882 . _:b665861516 _:b665861515 . _:b663914222 . _:b665805845 . _:b663914223 . _:b663520785 . _:b663516738 "4"^^ . _:b665798704 . _:b665860534 . _:b665806463 . _:b663914220 . _:b663520784 . _:b665805851 . _:b665860535 . _:b663914221 . _:b665797801 . _:b665861504 _:b665861507 . _:b666238728 . _:b665860532 . _:b663914194 . _:b666208846 . _:b665806457 . _:b665860533 . _:b665806450 . _:b663914195 . _:b666238312 . _:b663520805 . _:b663914192 . _:b666239311 . _:b665806452 . _:b663914193 . _:b665805854 . _:b663914198 . _:b666238317 . _:b663914199 . _:b665806462 . _:b665806455 . _:b665862990 "The last portion of the digestive system, it extracts water and salt from solid wastes before they are eliminated from the body.[AAO]"^^ . _:b665861499 "TAO"^^ . _:b663914196 . _:b663520803 . _:b663914197 . _:b665797777 . _:b665806270 . _:b663914202 . _:b665806271 . _:b666238225 . _:b663914203 . _:b663520806 . _:b665797779 . _:b663520799 . _:b663520804 . _:b663914200 . _:b663520807 . _:b665797788 . _:b663520798 . _:b663520797 . _:b663914201 . _:b663914206 . _:b665797790 . _:b665797784 . _:b665805829 . _:b666238229 . _:b663914207 . _:b665861120 _:b665861119 . _:b665806447 . _:b663914204 . _:b665860518 . _:b665798689 . _:b663914205 . _:b666208833 . _:b663516564 "requested by Melanie Courtot" . _:b665861518 _:b665861519 . _:b665805834 . _:b663914178 . _:b665797786 . _:b663914179 . _:b665860517 . _:b665860522 . _:b665806255 . _:b665861565 _:b665861568 . _:b663914176 . _:b665860523 . _:b665806436 . _:b663914177 . _:b665805838 . _:b665806437 . _:b663914182 . _:b665806259 . _:b663914183 . _:b666208859 . _:b665862696 "(forall (x t) (if (IndependentContinuant x) (exists (r) (and (SpatialRegion r) (locatedInAt x r t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [134-001] " . _:b665806446 . _:b663914180 . _:b665805875 . _:b663914181 . _:b665862085 . _:b663914186 . _:b666238817 . _:b663914187 . _:b665805872 . _:b665806427 . _:b663914184 . _:b665806428 . _:b663914185 . _:b665797773 . _:b666238820 . _:b663914190 . _:b665805877 . _:b666238213 . _:b663914191 . _:b665862107 . _:b663519996 . _:b663914188 . _:b663519997 . _:b663520287 . _:b666238823 . _:b665806416 . _:b666208788 . _:b663519998 . _:b663914189 . _:b665797769 . _:b665805882 . _:b665806242 . _:b665806417 . _:b666208789 . _:b663519999 . _:b663914162 . _:b665862802 . _:b665806418 . _:b666208790 . _:b663519992 . _:b663914163 . _:b665861567 _:b665861566 . _:b665805880 . _:b663914160 . _:b663519993 . _:b665805887 . _:b666208684 . _:b666208660 . _:b663914161 . _:b663519994 . _:b665806234 . _:b666208683 . _:b663521119 "subdivision of alimentary system"^^ . _:b663914166 . _:b663519995 . _:b665806235 . _:b665805885 . _:b666208658 . _:b665798062 "Intestinal surface area also is increased in amphibians and reptiles by internal folds and occasionally by a few villi. The intestine can be divided into a small intestine and a slightly wider large intestine.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b666208786 . _:b665861562 _:b665861561 . _:b663519988 . _:b663914167 . _:b665806236 . _:b666208657 . _:b663914164 . _:b666208787 . _:b663519989 . _:b665806237 . _:b665798924 . _:b665861563 _:b665861562 . _:b665806408 . _:b666208780 . _:b663519990 . _:b663914165 . _:b665798925 . _:b666208671 . _:b665806233 . _:b663914170 . _:b666208781 . _:b663519991 . _:b665798926 . _:b663914171 . _:b663519984 . _:b663521158 . _:b665806224 . _:b665798927 . _:b666208669 . _:b665861560 _:b665861563 . _:b665805856 . _:b666238256 . _:b663914168 . _:b663519985 . _:b665798920 . _:b665805863 . _:b663914169 . _:b663519986 . _:b665798921 . _:b663520959 "AAO"^^ . _:b666238262 . _:b663914174 . _:b666208777 . _:b663519987 . _:b665798922 . _:b666208666 . _:b663914175 . _:b666208778 . _:b663519980 . _:b665798923 . _:b666208665 . _:b665805860 . _:b663914172 . _:b666208779 . _:b665862122 . _:b663519981 . _:b665798916 . _:b666208664 . _:b666238267 . _:b665806400 . _:b663519982 . _:b663914173 . _:b665798917 . _:b666208647 . _:b663914146 . _:b663519983 . _:b665798918 . _:b665805865 . _:b666239192 "BTO:0000657"^^ . _:b663914147 . _:b663519976 . _:b665798919 . _:b666208645 . _:b665806403 . _:b666209651 . _:b663519977 . _:b663914144 . _:b665798912 . _:b666238271 . _:b666239190 "BTO:0000657"^^ . _:b663520212 "An expanded region of the vertebrate alimentary tract that serves as a food storage compartment and digestive organ. A stomach is lined, in whole or in part by a glandular epithelium."^^ . _:b663519978 . _:b663914145 . _:b665806404 . _:b665861591 _:b665861590 . _:b665798913 . _:b665806405 . _:b665797745 "All continuant parts of spatial regions are spatial regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [036-001])"@en . _:b663519979 . _:b663914150 . _:b665798914 . _:b665805869 . _:b665806406 . _:b663519972 . _:b663914151 . _:b665798915 . _:b663913581 "MGI:csmith"^^ . _:b663519973 . _:b663914148 . _:b665806407 . _:b665798940 . _:b666208640 . _:b663914149 . _:b663519974 . _:b665860519 "b is an object means: b is a material entity which manifests causal unity of one or other of the types CUn listed above & is of a type (a material universal) instances of which are maximal relative to this criterion of causal unity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [024-001])"@en . _:b665806129 "a quality is a specifically dependent continuant that, in contrast to roles and dispositions, does not require any further process in order to be realized. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [055-001])"@en . _:b665806512 . _:b665798941 . _:b665862944 "ncithesaurus:Stomach"^^ . _:b663914154 . _:b665861598 _:b665861597 . _:b663519975 . _:b665806223 . _:b665798942 . _:b666238785 . _:b666208654 . _:b665806033 . _:b665861599 _:b665861596 . _:b666238241 . _:b663914155 . _:b663519968 . _:b665798943 . _:b665861599 _:b665861598 . _:b665806523 . _:b663519969 . _:b663914152 . _:b665798936 . _:b666208652 . _:b665806524 . _:b663519970 . _:b663914153 . _:b665798937 . . _:b665861595 _:b665861600 . _:b665861589 _:b665861592 . _:b665806525 . _:b663519971 . _:b663914158 . _:b665798938 . _:b666238789 . _:b665806037 . _:b663914159 . _:b665861568 _:b665861567 . _:b663519964 . _:b665806518 . _:b665798939 . _:b666208649 . _:b663520810 "A history is a process that is the sum of the totality of processes taking place in the spatiotemporal region occupied by a material entity or site, including processes on the surface of the entity or within the cavities to which it serves as host. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [138-001])"@en . _:b665806527 . _:b663519965 . _:b663914156 . _:b665798932 . _:b665806043 . _:b665806208 . _:b666238251 . _:b663914157 . _:b666208884 . _:b665861592 _:b665861591 . _:b663519966 . _:b665798933 . _:b665806513 . _:b666208885 . _:b663519967 . _:b663914130 . _:b663520009 "(forall (x) (if (Quality x) (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [055-001] " . _:b665798934 . _:b666238793 . _:b663914131 . _:b666208886 . _:b665806328 . _:b663519960 . _:b665798935 . _:b666239246 . _:b663914128 . _:b663519961 . _:b665806329 . _:b665798928 . _:b665806516 . _:b666208880 . _:b665806330 . _:b663519962 . _:b663914129 . _:b665798929 . _:b663914134 . _:b666208778 . _:b663519963 . _:b665798930 . _:b665861573 _:b665861572 . _:b663914135 . _:b666208882 . _:b663519956 . _:b665806526 . _:b665798931 . _:b665861576 _:b665861579 . _:b665861574 _:b665861573 . _:b665806519 . _:b666208883 . _:b663519957 . _:b663914132 . _:b665798956 . _:b663914133 . _:b666208876 . _:b663519958 . _:b665806496 . _:b665798957 . _:b665806018 . _:b665806505 . _:b663519959 . _:b663914138 . _:b665798958 . _:b665806506 . _:b665861578 _:b665861577 . _:b663519952 . _:b663914139 . _:b665798959 . _:b663914136 . _:b666208879 . _:b663519953 . _:b665798952 . _:b665861579 _:b665861578 . _:b665806508 . _:b666208872 . _:b663519954 . _:b663914137 . _:b665798953 . _:b663914142 . _:b666208873 . _:b663519955 . _:b665806501 . _:b665798954 . _:b663914143 . _:b666208874 . _:b663519948 . _:b665861571 _:b665861574 . _:b665798955 . _:b665806511 . _:b666208875 . _:b665806325 . _:b663519949 . _:b663914140 . _:b665798948 . _:b663914141 . _:b666208868 . _:b665806326 . _:b663519950 . _:b665798949 . _:b666208679 . _:b665806497 . _:b666208869 . _:b663519951 . _:b663914114 . _:b665806327 . _:b665861629 _:b665861628 . _:b665798950 . _:b663520289 . _:b663521184 . _:b663914115 . _:b666208870 . _:b665806312 . _:b665798951 . _:b666208677 . _:b663520288 . _:b663521185 . _:b666208871 . _:b663914112 . _:b665806507 . _:b665798944 . _:b663520291 . _:b665863099 "A proximal-distal subdivision of the digestive tract."^^ . _:b665806500 . _:b666208864 . _:b665806314 . _:b663914113 . _:b665797829 . _:b665798945 . _:b666208675 . _:b665861628 _:b665861627 . _:b663520290 . _:b665861621 _:b665861624 . _:b663914118 . _:b663519947 . _:b665798946 . _:b666208674 . _:b663520293 . _:b665806029 . _:b665806502 . _:b666208866 . _:b663914119 . _:b665798947 . _:b663520292 . _:b663520913 "AAO"^^ . _:b665797757 . _:b663914116 . _:b666208867 . _:b665806317 . _:b665797824 . _:b665806067 . _:b666238403 . _:b665806488 . _:b666208860 . _:b665861624 _:b665861623 . _:b663914117 . _:b665797831 . _:b665797759 . _:b665806338 "ncithesaurus:Stomach"^^ . _:b666208861 . _:b663914122 . _:b665806489 . _:b665806481 . _:b665797758 . _:b665806490 . _:b666208862 . _:b663914123 . _:b665806064 . _:b665806491 . _:b665861626 _:b665861629 . _:b663914120 . _:b665797836 . _:b666208684 . _:b665861649 "FBbt:00100316"^^ . _:b663913478 "DOI:10.1046/j.1525-142x.2000.00076.x Smith DM, Grasty RC, Theodosiou NA, Tabin CJ, Nascone-Yoder NM, Evolutionary relationships between the amphibian, avian, and mammalian stomachs. Evolution and development (2000)"^^ . _:b663914121 . _:b665806492 . _:b665861623 _:b665861622 . _:b665861617 _:b665861616 . _:b663914126 . _:b666208857 . _:b663516071 "mid-intestine"^^ . _:b665861618 _:b665861617 . _:b666208682 . _:b663914127 . _:b666208787 . _:b663520060 . _:b663914124 . _:b666208859 . _:b663520061 . _:b663913217 "if b is a material entity, then there is some temporal interval (referred to below as a one-dimensional temporal region) during which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [011-002])"@en . _:b665797832 . _:b665798964 . _:b665806480 . _:b665861604 _:b665861605 . _:b665806310 . _:b663520062 . _:b663914125 . _:b665798965 . _:b663914098 . _:b665806311 . _:b663520063 . _:b665797834 . _:b665806482 . _:b666208854 . _:b663520056 . _:b663914099 . _:b665806483 . _:b666208855 . _:b663520057 . _:b663914096 . _:b665798960 . _:b663914097 . _:b666208848 . _:b663520058 . _:b665798961 . _:b663914102 . _:b666208849 . _:b663520059 . _:b665861613 _:b665861612 . _:b665798962 . _:b663914103 . _:b666208850 . _:b665861600 _:b665861599 . _:b663520052 . _:b665798963 . _:b666238412 . _:b665806487 . _:b663520053 . _:b663914100 . _:b665798860 . _:b665806472 . _:b663520054 . _:b663914101 . _:b665798861 . _:b665861612 _:b665861611 . _:b665806473 . _:b663520055 . _:b663914106 . _:b665798862 . _:b663520065 . _:b665806474 . _:b666209767 . _:b666208846 . _:b663520048 . _:b663914107 . _:b665798543 . _:b665798863 . _:b665806048 . _:b663914104 . _:b666208847 . _:b663520049 . _:b665798856 . _:b665861497 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b665806476 . _:b663520050 . _:b663914105 . _:b665798857 . _:b663914110 . _:b666209762 . _:b663520051 . _:b665861615 _:b665861618 . _:b665798858 . _:b665806053 . _:b666238117 "(forall (x) (if (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [039-001] " . _:b663914111 . _:b663520044 . _:b665798859 . _:b665798835 "MGI:csmith"^^ . _:b665806479 . _:b665861610 _:b665861613 . _:b663520045 . _:b663914108 . _:b665798852 . _:b666238459 . _:b663914109 . _:b666208836 . _:b663520046 . _:b665798853 . _:b665806058 . _:b663914082 . _:b666208837 . _:b663520047 . _:b665798854 . _:b665806466 . _:b666208838 . _:b663520040 . _:b663914083 . _:b665798855 . _:b665806467 . _:b666208839 . _:b663520041 . _:b663914080 . _:b665806475 . _:b665798848 . _:b665798552 . _:b665806468 . _:b666208832 . _:b663520042 . _:b663914081 . _:b665806127 "A zero-dimensional spatial region is a point in space. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [037-001])"@en . _:b665798849 . _:b665798553 . _:b665806469 . _:b666208833 . _:b665806283 . _:b663520043 . _:b663914086 . _:b665798850 . _:b665798554 . _:b665806061 . _:b663520077 . _:b665806470 . _:b666208834 . _:b665806284 . _:b663520036 . _:b663914087 . _:b665798851 . _:b665798555 . _:b665798556 . _:b665806471 . _:b666208835 . _:b665806285 . _:b665806181 . _:b663520037 . _:b663914084 . _:b665798876 . _:b665798557 . _:b663914085 . _:b663520038 . _:b665798877 . _:b663914090 . _:b663520039 . _:b665798878 . _:b666238126 "(forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [095-001] " . _:b665805969 . _:b663914091 . _:b663520032 . _:b665798685 . _:b665798879 . _:b663914088 . _:b665806273 . _:b663520033 . _:b665798686 . _:b665798544 . _:b665798872 . _:b665805975 . _:b663516587 "A disease of anatomical entity that is located_in the gastrointestinal tract." . _:b665806274 . _:b663520034 . _:b663914089 . _:b665798873 . _:b663914094 . _:b663520035 . _:b665806275 . _:b665798874 . _:b663914095 . _:b666209779 . _:b665806276 . _:b663520028 . _:b665798875 . _:b665805972 . _:b663914092 . _:b663520029 . _:b666209045 . _:b665798868 . _:b663914093 . _:b663520030 . _:b665798869 . _:b665805978 . _:b663914066 . _:b663520031 . _:b665798870 . _:b663914067 . _:b663913961 "if b is a continuant and if, for some t, c has_continuant_part b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [126-001])"@en . _:b663520024 . _:b666209042 . _:b665798871 . _:b663914064 . _:b663520025 . _:b665798864 . _:b665798676 . _:b663914065 . _:b666208944 . _:b663520026 . _:b665798865 . _:b666208662 "Every entity which has a material entity as continuant part is a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [020-002])"@en . _:b665798656 _:b665798655 . _:b665798082 "ncithesaurus:Jejunum"^^ . _:b663914070 . _:b666209738 . _:b663520027 . _:b665798866 . _:b665805981 . _:b663914071 . _:b663520020 . _:b665798867 . _:b663914068 . _:b663520021 . _:b665798575 . _:b665798892 . _:b663914069 . _:b666208940 . _:b663520022 . _:b666238968 . _:b665798893 . _:b665805954 . _:b663914074 . _:b666208941 . _:b663520023 . _:b665798894 . _:b663914075 . _:b666208942 . _:b663520016 . _:b666238970 . _:b665798895 . _:b663914072 . _:b666208943 . _:b663520017 . _:b665798888 . _:b663914073 . _:b663520018 . _:b663913261 "b is a disposition means: b is a realizable entity & b\u2019s bearer is some material entity & b is such that if it ceases to exist, then its bearer is physically changed, & b\u2019s realization occurs when and because this bearer is in some special physical circumstances, & this realization occurs in virtue of the bearer\u2019s physical make-up. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [062-002])"@en . _:b665798889 . _:b663914078 . _:b666208937 . _:b663520019 . _:b665798890 . _:b665805957 . _:b663914079 . _:b666208938 . _:b665860928 "To say that each spatiotemporal region s temporally_projects_onto some temporal region t is to say that t is the temporal extension of s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [080-003])"@en . _:b663520012 . _:b666238974 . _:b665798891 . _:b666238901 "ISBN:978-3-938793-98-5pp124-158#Thomas Bittner and Barry Smith, 'A Theory of Granular Partitions', in K. Munn and B. Smith (eds.), Applied Ontology: An Introduction, Frankfurt/Lancaster: ontos, 2008, 125-158." . _:b663914076 . _:b666208939 . _:b663520013 . _:b665798884 . _:b665805963 . _:b663914077 . _:b666208932 . _:b663520014 . _:b665798885 . _:b663914050 . _:b666208933 . _:b663520015 . _:b663515876 . _:b665798886 . _:b666238969 . _:b663914051 . _:b666208934 . _:b663520008 . _:b666238962 . _:b665798887 . _:b665805960 . _:b663914048 . _:b663520009 . _:b666238963 . _:b665798880 . _:b663914049 . _:b666208928 . _:b663520010 . _:b666238964 . _:b665798881 . _:b665805966 . _:b663914054 . _:b666208929 . _:b663520011 . _:b666238965 . _:b665798882 . _:b666238973 . _:b663520906 "intestinum crassum"^^ . _:b663914055 . _:b666208930 . _:b663520004 . _:b666238966 . _:b665798883 . _:b663914052 . _:b666208931 . _:b663520005 . _:b666238967 . _:b665798908 . _:b665806003 . _:b663914053 . _:b666208924 . _:b663520006 . _:b666238952 . _:b665798909 . _:b666209656 "The terminal region of the mid intestine is comprised of specialized enterocytes that appear to play a role in mucosal immunity. Wallace et al, 2005.[TAO]"^^ . _:b665806553 . _:b666208925 . _:b663520007 . _:b663914058 . _:b665798780 . _:b665798910 . _:b663516793 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b665798782 . _:b665806554 . _:b663520000 . _:b663914059 . _:b665798781 . _:b665798911 . _:b666238946 . _:b663914056 . _:b663520001 . _:b665798904 . _:b665806007 . _:b665806556 . _:b666208920 . _:b663520002 . _:b663914057 . _:b665798905 . _:b663914062 . _:b666208921 . _:b663520003 . _:b665806549 . _:b665798906 . _:b663914063 . _:b666208922 . _:b665860686 . _:b666238958 . _:b665798576 . _:b665798907 . _:b665806559 . _:b666208923 . _:b663914060 . _:b665798900 . _:b663914061 . _:b665798901 . _:b665806010 . _:b663914034 . _:b663515892 . _:b665798902 . _:b665797930 "Intestinal surface area also is increased in amphibians and reptiles by internal folds and occasionally by a few villi. The intestine can be divided into a small intestine and a slightly wider large intestine.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b666208918 . _:b665806517 . _:b663914035 . _:b665806546 . _:b665806337 "WP:Stomach#In_other_animals"^^ . _:b665798903 . _:b665806547 . _:b666208919 . _:b663914032 . _:b665806555 . _:b666238947 . _:b665798896 . _:b665806548 . _:b666208912 . _:b663914033 . _:b665798897 . _:b663914038 . _:b666208913 . _:b665798898 . _:b666238957 . _:b665806013 . _:b665806550 . _:b666208914 . _:b663914039 . _:b665798519 . _:b665798899 . _:b663914036 . _:b666238951 . _:b665798796 . _:b665805987 . _:b665806536 . _:b666208908 . _:b663914037 . _:b665798797 . _:b663914042 . _:b666208909 . _:b665798798 . _:b665806538 . _:b666208910 . _:b663914043 . _:b665798515 . _:b665798799 . _:b665805984 . _:b665798764 . _:b663914040 . _:b666208911 . _:b665798792 . _:b663914041 . _:b665798525 . _:b665798793 . _:b665805990 . _:b665806541 . _:b663914046 . _:b665798794 . _:b663914047 . _:b665798795 . _:b665806543 . _:b663914044 . _:b665798788 . _:b663914045 . _:b665798789 . _:b666208617 "(iff (Process a) (and (Occurrent a) (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)) (exists (c t) (and (MaterialEntity c) (specificallyDependsOnAt a c t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [083-003] " . _:b665861163 _:b665861160 . _:b663914018 . _:b665806537 . _:b665798790 . _:b665805993 . _:b665806530 . _:b665861162 _:b665861161 . _:b663914019 . _:b665798757 . _:b665798523 . _:b665798791 . _:b665806531 . _:b663914016 . _:b665798784 . _:b665805999 . _:b665861163 _:b665861162 . _:b665806532 . _:b663914017 . _:b665798501 . _:b665798785 . _:b665806533 . _:b663914405 "GO:0060465"^^ . _:b663914022 . _:b666208861 "UMLS:C0034896"^^ . _:b665798786 . _:b663914023 . _:b665861152 _:b665861151 . _:b665806542 . _:b665861167 _:b665861166 . _:b665798503 . _:b665798787 . _:b665805996 . _:b663914020 . _:b665798812 . _:b663914021 . _:b665798813 . _:b663914026 . _:b666209021 . _:b665798814 . _:b665798770 "blind intestine"^^ . _:b663914027 . _:b665798815 . _:b665861548 . _:b663914024 . _:b663516571 "url:https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/general/index.html" . _:b665798808 . _:b665861549 . _:b663914025 . _:b666209016 . _:b665861153 _:b665861152 . _:b666238300 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b665798809 . _:b666238151 "A one-dimensional spatial region is a line or aggregate of lines stretching from one point in space to another. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [038-001])"@en . _:b663914030 . _:b665798744 . _:b665798746 . _:b665798810 . _:b666238397 "VHOG:0000648"^^ . _:b665861157 _:b665861156 . _:b663914031 . _:b666209608 . _:b665798811 . _:b665861544 . _:b665861158 _:b665861157 . _:b665798745 . _:b663914028 . _:b665798804 . _:b665861545 . _:b663914029 . _:b665798805 . _:b665861546 . _:b665861207 . _:b665861158 _:b665861155 . _:b665861180 _:b665861182 . _:b663914002 . _:b665798806 . _:b665861547 . _:b663914003 . _:b665798807 . _:b663914000 . _:b665798800 . _:b665862099 . _:b663914001 . _:b665798801 . _:b665861182 _:b665861181 . _:b663914006 . _:b666209603 . _:b665861177 _:b665861179 . _:b665798802 . _:b665861543 . _:b663516717 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b663914007 . _:b666209675 . _:b666209600 . _:b665805383 "a quality is a specifically dependent continuant that, in contrast to roles and dispositions, does not require any further process in order to be realized. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [055-001])"@en . _:b665798803 . _:b665798758 "UMLS:C0034896"^^ . _:b663914004 . _:b666209601 . _:b665798828 . _:b665861174 _:b665861176 . _:b665861179 _:b665861178 . _:b663914005 . _:b666209606 . _:b665861176 _:b665861175 . _:b665798829 . _:b666238512 . _:b663914010 . _:b666209607 . _:b665798488 . _:b665861173 _:b665861170 . _:b665798830 . _:b663914011 . _:b665861168 _:b665861167 . _:b666238522 . _:b665798831 . _:b665861172 _:b665861171 . _:b665798472 "(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (continuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [009-002] " . _:b665861994 "Specifically dependent continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. We're not sure what else will develop here, but for example there are questions such as what are promises, obligation, etc."@en . _:b663914008 . _:b666209605 . _:b665861168 _:b665861165 . _:b665798486 . _:b665861173 _:b665861172 . _:b665798824 . _:b665798733 . _:b665798732 . _:b663520995 "cecum"^^ . _:b665798487 . _:b663520082 . _:b663914009 . _:b666238524 . _:b665798825 . _:b665861211 . _:b663914014 . _:b663913676 "Branch or outpocketing of the digestive tract."^^ . _:b665798484 . _:b665860616 . _:b665798826 . _:b665861210 . _:b663914015 . _:b665798485 . _:b663520076 . _:b665798495 . _:b665798489 . _:b665798827 . _:b666238518 . _:b665861209 . _:b663914012 . _:b663520077 . _:b665798494 . _:b666238527 . _:b665798820 . _:b666239245 . _:b665861208 . _:b663914013 . _:b666209665 . _:b665798483 . _:b665798731 . _:b665860631 . _:b665798821 . _:b663913986 . _:b665798490 . _:b666238513 . _:b665798822 . _:b665861122 _:b665861121 . _:b665861123 _:b665861122 . _:b663913987 . _:b665862967 "VHOG:0001751"^^ . _:b665798823 . _:b666238040 . _:b663913984 . _:b665798468 . _:b665798816 . _:b666238523 . _:b665862115 . _:b663913985 . _:b666208992 . _:b663520074 . _:b665798467 . _:b666238516 . _:b665798817 . _:b666239240 . _:b663515827 . _:b663913990 . _:b666208993 . _:b663520075 . _:b666238517 . _:b665798818 . _:b663913991 . _:b666208994 . _:b665798465 . _:b665798819 . _:b666238044 . _:b663913988 . _:b665861125 _:b665861124 . _:b666238519 . _:b665798844 . _:b665861126 _:b665861130 . _:b663913989 . _:b665798845 . _:b666238018 . _:b663913994 . _:b663520071 . _:b665798466 . _:b665798846 . _:b663913995 . _:b663520064 . _:b665860572 "A disease of anatomical entity that is located_in the gastrointestinal tract." . _:b665861129 _:b665861128 . _:b665798847 . _:b663913992 . _:b666209684 . _:b663520065 . _:b665861968 "All parts of spatiotemporal regions are spatiotemporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [096-001])"@en . _:b665798840 . _:b665861130 _:b665861129 . _:b663913993 . _:b665861128 _:b665861127 . _:b663520066 . _:b666238508 . _:b665798841 . _:b665861131 _:b665861133 . _:b663913998 . _:b665862244 "The last portion of the digestive system, it extracts water and salt from solid wastes before they are eliminated from the body.[AAO]"^^ . _:b665798478 . _:b665861133 _:b665861132 . _:b665798842 . _:b663516828 . _:b666238021 . _:b663913999 . _:b665798843 . _:b663913996 . _:b666238511 . _:b665798836 . _:b663913326 "A zero-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is without extent. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [102-001])"@en . _:b663913997 . _:b665798837 . _:b665798476 . _:b665798838 . _:b665798477 . _:b666238498 . _:b665798839 . _:b666238024 . _:b665798580 . _:b666238499 . _:b665798832 . _:b666238507 . _:b665798836 . _:b666238425 "intestinum tenue"^^ . _:b666238500 . _:b665798833 . _:b665861142 _:b665861145 . _:b666238426 "intestinum tenue"^^ . _:b665798582 . _:b666238501 . _:b665798834 . _:b666238029 . _:b665798577 . _:b666238502 . _:b665798835 . _:b665861150 _:b665861153 . _:b666238503 . _:b665798732 . _:b665806069 . _:b663520775 . _:b665798733 . _:b665860717 . _:b665861148 _:b665861147 . _:b665798578 . _:b665861149 _:b665861148 . _:b665798734 . _:b665860716 . _:b666238490 . _:b665798735 . _:b666238064 . _:b665860719 . _:b666238491 . _:b665798728 . _:b665860718 . _:b665798729 . _:b666238493 . _:b665798730 . _:b666238069 . _:b665861145 _:b665861144 . _:b666238494 . _:b665798731 . _:b666238486 . _:b663913433 "UMLS:C0021853"^^ . _:b665860715 . _:b665798724 . _:b665861146 _:b665861149 . _:b666238075 . _:b665861144 _:b665861143 . _:b665798827 . _:b666238480 . _:b665798725 . _:b666238481 . _:b665798726 . _:b663520168 . _:b666238482 . _:b665798727 . _:b665861332 _:b665861331 . _:b666238072 . _:b663520169 . _:b665861333 _:b665861332 . _:b666238483 . _:b666238359 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b665798720 . _:b665861328 _:b665861327 . _:b666238484 . _:b665798721 . _:b666238492 . _:b665798818 . _:b666238078 . _:b665798556 "A one-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is extended. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [103-001])"@en . _:b666238910 "(iff (GenericallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (exists (b t) (genericallyDependsOnAt a b t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [074-001] " . _:b666238425 . _:b666238485 . _:b665798722 . _:b665798819 . _:b665798817 . _:b665798567 . _:b665798723 . _:b663520165 . _:b666238487 . _:b665798748 . _:b665797722 "A continuant is an entity that persists, endures, or continues to exist through time while maintaining its identity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [008-002])"@en . _:b666239091 . _:b663520166 . _:b665861329 _:b665861328 . _:b666238472 . _:b665798749 . _:b663520167 . _:b665861330 _:b665861333 . _:b665798750 . _:b663520160 . _:b666209655 . _:b665798565 . _:b666238474 . _:b665861321 _:b665861322 . _:b665798751 . _:b666238048 . _:b665861341 _:b665861345 . _:b665798744 . _:b663914300 "ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.566"^^ . _:b665798745 . _:b666238468 . _:b665861405 "UMLS:C0021853"^^ . _:b666238054 . _:b666238477 . _:b665798746 . _:b663520156 . _:b665798575 . _:b666238478 . _:b665798747 . _:b663520157 . _:b666238479 . _:b665798740 . _:b665798808 . _:b666238059 . _:b665862694 "For any independent continuant b and any time t there is some spatial region r such that b is located_in r at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [134-001])"@en . _:b663520158 . _:b665798741 . _:b663914450 . _:b663520159 . _:b665798570 . _:b666238421 . _:b665798742 . _:b666238473 . _:b663914451 . _:b666238466 . _:b665798743 . _:b663914448 . _:b666209612 . _:b666238467 . _:b665798736 . _:b663515719 "An occurrent is an entity that unfolds itself in time or it is the instantaneous boundary of such an entity (for example a beginning or an ending) or it is a temporal or spatiotemporal region which such an entity occupies_temporal_region or occupies_spatiotemporal_region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [077-002])"@en . _:b663914449 . _:b665798807 . _:b665798737 . _:b663914454 . _:b665798550 . _:b666238469 . _:b665798738 . _:b663521193 . _:b663914455 . _:b665861326 _:b665861329 . _:b665798739 . _:b666239050 . _:b665861316 _:b665861315 . _:b663914452 . _:b665861317 _:b665861316 . _:b665798764 . _:b666239051 . _:b666237971 . _:b663914453 . _:b665798545 . _:b665798765 . _:b665798766 . _:b665798547 . _:b663516542 "(iff (ProcessBoundary a) (exists (p) (and (Process p) (temporalPartOf a p) (not (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [084-001] " . _:b665798767 . _:b666239062 . _:b666237968 . _:b663914456 . _:b665798556 . _:b665798760 . _:b666209605 . _:b665798761 . _:b666237974 . _:b665861314 _:b665861317 . _:b665798558 . _:b665798762 . _:b666239061 . _:b663516721 "UMLS:C0038351"^^ . _:b666238346 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b665798763 . _:b665798001 . _:b665798756 . _:b665860808 "ISBN:978-0521617147 Stevens CE and Hume ID, Comparative physiology of the vertebrate digestive system (2004) p.11"^^ . _:b665798000 . _:b666209060 . _:b665798757 . _:b666239056 . _:b663914434 . _:b665861374 _:b665861373 . _:b665798758 . _:b666239057 . _:b666238585 . _:b663520821 "url:http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec09/ch122/ch122a.html" . _:b666237977 . _:b663914435 . _:b665861363 _:b665861366 . _:b665798759 . _:b665861375 _:b665861374 . _:b663914432 . _:b666209628 . _:b665798532 . _:b665798530 . _:b665798752 . _:b666237983 . _:b663914433 . _:b665798753 . _:b663914438 . _:b665798534 . _:b665798754 . _:b665861370 _:b665861368 . _:b663914439 . _:b665861356 _:b665861357 . _:b665862764 "(forall (x) (if (ProcessBoundary x) (exists (y) (and (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion y) (occupiesTemporalRegion x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [085-002] " . _:b665798755 . _:b666239066 . _:b666238590 . _:b666237980 . _:b663914436 . _:b666209059 . _:b665798780 . _:b665861367 _:b665861371 . _:b665861371 _:b665861370 . _:b663914437 . _:b665798781 . _:b666238560 . _:b663914442 . _:b666208696 "A gastrointestinal system infectious disease that involves inflammation of the lining of the stomach and small and large intestines, which is caused by viruses, bacteria, or parasites. Chemicals and drugs also cause gastroenteritis. The symptoms include diarrhea, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, cramps, and discomfort in the abdomen." . _:b665798782 . _:b666239065 . _:b665861346 _:b665861347 . _:b665861365 _:b665861364 . _:b666237953 . _:b663914443 . _:b665861360 _:b665861359 . _:b666238570 . _:b665798783 . _:b665861366 _:b665861365 . _:b663914440 . _:b665798538 . _:b665798776 . _:b666237959 . _:b663914441 . _:b665798541 . _:b665798539 . _:b665798777 . _:b663914446 . _:b665798778 . _:b665861372 _:b665861375 . _:b663914447 . _:b663520252 . _:b665798543 . _:b665798779 . _:b666238566 . _:b666237956 . _:b663914444 . _:b663520253 . _:b665798536 . _:b665798772 . _:b665861351 _:b665861352 . _:b663914445 . _:b663520254 . _:b665798773 . _:b666237962 . _:b663914418 . _:b663520255 . _:b666238561 . _:b665798774 . _:b663914419 . _:b665861354 _:b665861353 . _:b663520248 . _:b665798775 . _:b665797997 . _:b663914416 . _:b663520249 . _:b665798768 . _:b665861355 _:b665861354 . _:b663914417 . _:b663520250 . _:b666238564 . _:b665798769 . _:b663516563 "(iff (TwoDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [033-001] " . _:b665797999 . _:b663914422 . _:b665861368 _:b665861369 . _:b663520251 . _:b666238565 . _:b665798770 . _:b665797998 . _:b666237965 . _:b663914423 . _:b666209579 . _:b665861359 _:b665861358 . _:b665862148 "GOC:GO"^^ . _:b665798771 . _:b663914420 . _:b663520245 . _:b666238567 . _:b665798668 . _:b665861344 _:b665861343 . _:b663914421 . _:b663520246 . _:b665861345 _:b665861342 . _:b666238552 . _:b665798669 . _:b663914426 . _:b666238843 "(forall (x) (iff (Occurrent x) (and (Entity x) (exists (y) (temporalPartOf y x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [079-001] " . _:b665862050 . . _:b663520247 . _:b665798670 . _:b663521033 . _:b666238001 . _:b663914427 . _:b663520240 . _:b666238554 . _:b665798671 . _:b663914424 . _:b663520241 . _:b665798664 . _:b663521035 . _:b666238007 . _:b663914425 . _:b665861345 _:b665861344 . _:b665798665 . _:b666238548 . _:b663521034 . _:b663914430 . _:b666209033 . _:b663520243 . _:b666238557 . _:b665798666 . _:b663521037 . _:b663914431 . _:b666209034 . _:b663520236 . _:b666238558 . _:b665798667 . _:b665861352 _:b665861355 . _:b663521036 . _:b665861357 _:b665861360 . _:b666238004 . _:b663914428 . _:b666238559 . _:b665798660 . _:b663521039 . _:b663914429 . _:b663520238 . _:b666238544 . _:b665798661 . _:b663521038 . _:b666238010 . _:b666239024 . _:b663914402 . _:b663520239 . _:b665798662 . _:b666238553 . _:b663914403 . _:b665798663 . _:b663914400 . _:b663520233 . _:b666238547 . _:b665798656 . _:b663914401 . _:b663520234 . _:b665798657 . _:b666238014 . _:b663914406 . _:b663913335 "A disease by infectious agent that results_in infection, has_material_basis_in Bacteria." . _:b666238549 . _:b665798658 . _:b663914407 . _:b663520228 . _:b665798659 . _:b663914404 . _:b666209592 . _:b663520229 . _:b665798684 . _:b663914405 . _:b666238536 . _:b665798685 . _:b665806134 "Specifically dependent continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. We're not sure what else will develop here, but for example there are questions such as what are promises, obligation, etc."@en . _:b666237986 . _:b663914410 . _:b665798686 . _:b666238529 . _:b666208637 "b is a fiat object part = Def. b is a material entity which is such that for all times t, if b exists at t then there is some object c such that b proper continuant_part of c at t and c is demarcated from the remainder of c by a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [027-004])"@en . _:b663914411 . _:b666238538 . _:b665798687 . _:b663914408 . _:b663520225 . _:b665798680 . . _:b663914409 . _:b663520226 . _:b665798681 . _:b663914414 . _:b663520227 . _:b666238541 . _:b665798682 . _:b666237989 . _:b663914415 . _:b665805526 . _:b666238542 . _:b665798683 . _:b663914412 . _:b665805513 . _:b666238543 . _:b665805525 . _:b663520229 "ncithesaurus:Esophagus"^^ . _:b665798676 . _:b666209484 . _:b666237995 . _:b663914413 . _:b665798677 . _:b663914386 . _:b665798678 . _:b666238537 . _:b663914387 . _:b663520216 . _:b666238530 . _:b665798679 . _:b665798505 . _:b666237992 . _:b663914384 . _:b663520217 . _:b665798672 . _:b665798504 . _:b663914385 . _:b663520218 . _:b665798673 . _:b665798507 . _:b666237998 . _:b663914390 . _:b665798674 . _:b665798506 . _:b663914391 . _:b663520212 . _:b666238534 . _:b665798675 . _:b665798509 . _:b663914388 . _:b663520213 . _:b666238535 . _:b665798700 . _:b665798508 . _:b663914389 . _:b663520214 . _:b665798701 . _:b665798511 . _:b663914394 . _:b663520215 . _:b665798702 . _:b666238641 . _:b665798510 . _:b663914395 . _:b665798703 . _:b663914392 . _:b665798696 . _:b663914393 . _:b663520210 . _:b665798697 . _:b663914398 . _:b663520211 . _:b665798698 . _:b663914399 . _:b665798699 . _:b666238646 . _:b663914396 . _:b665798692 . _:b666209500 . _:b663914397 . _:b665798693 . _:b665798503 . _:b663914370 . _:b665798694 . _:b663914371 . _:b665798695 . _:b663914368 . _:b665798688 . _:b666238651 . _:b663914369 . _:b665798689 . _:b663914374 . _:b665798523 . _:b665798690 . _:b665798173 . _:b663914375 . _:b665798691 . _:b663914372 . _:b665798716 . _:b665797803 "(iff (GenericallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (exists (b t) (genericallyDependsOnAt a b t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [074-001] " . _:b665860929 "To say that spatiotemporal region s spatially_projects_onto spatial region r at t is to say that r is the spatial extent of s at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [081-003])"@en . _:b663914373 . _:b665798524 . _:b665860471 "(forall (x y) (if (and (TemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (TemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [101-001] " . _:b665798717 . _:b663914378 . _:b665798718 . _:b666208656 "Every process boundary occupies_temporal_region a zero-dimensional temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [085-002])"@en . _:b665860754 "ISBN:978-0521617147 Stevens CE and Hume ID, Comparative physiology of the vertebrate digestive system (2004) p.11"^^ . _:b663914379 . _:b665798719 . _:b663914376 . _:b665798712 . _:b665798512 . _:b663914377 . _:b665860937 "2024-09-28T14:47:57.207635"^^ . _:b665798713 . _:b663914382 . _:b665863049 "intestinum ileum"^^ . _:b665798714 . _:b663914383 . _:b665861395 "ncithesaurus:Large_Intestine"^^ . _:b665798715 . _:b663914380 . _:b665798708 . _:b666238631 . _:b663520438 . _:b663914381 . _:b665798709 . _:b665861248 "Specifically dependent continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. We're not sure what else will develop here, but for example there are questions such as what are promises, obligation, etc."@en . _:b663520439 . _:b663914354 . _:b666238979 . _:b665798710 . _:b663914355 . _:b665798711 . _:b663914352 . _:b665798704 . _:b663914353 . _:b665798705 . _:b666238636 . _:b663914358 . _:b665798706 . _:b663914359 . _:b665798707 . _:b665861305 _:b665861304 . _:b663914356 . _:b665861303 _:b665861306 . _:b665861306 _:b665861305 . _:b663914357 . _:b666239187 "MGI:monikat"^^ . _:b663914362 . _:b663914363 . _:b663914360 . _:b663914361 . _:b666209371 "(forall (x) (if (RealizableEntity x) (and (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (inheresIn x y)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [058-002] " . _:b663914366 . _:b663515974 "We restrict this to the vertebrate specific structure - see the grouping class 'food storage organ' for analogous structures in other species. Teleosts: Zebrafish is functionally stomach-less, but may retain ontogenic footprint. Although the precise shape and size of the stomach varies widely among different vertebrates, the relative positions of the oesophageal and duodenal openings remain relatively constant. As a result, the organ always curves somewhat to the left before curving back to meet the pyloric sphincter. However, lampreys, hagfishes, chimaeras, lungfishes, and some teleost fish have no stomach at all, with the oesophagus opening directly into the intestine. The gastric lining is usually divided into two regions, an anterior portion lined by fundic glands, and a posterior with pyloric glands. Cardiac glands are unique to mammals, and even then are absent in a number of species. The distributions of these glands vary between species, and do not always correspond with the same regions as in man. Furthermore, in many non-human mammals, a portion of the stomach anterior to the cardiac glands is lined with epithelium essentially identical to that of the oesophagus. Ruminants, in particular, have a complex stomach, the first three chambers of which are all lined with oesophageal mucosa"^^ . _:b663914367 . _:b663914364 . _:b665798022 "NCBITaxon:8782"^^ . _:b663914365 . _:b665798023 "NCBITaxon:8782"^^ . _:b666238202 . _:b663914338 . _:b665806168 "b is a continuant fiat boundary = Def. b is an immaterial entity that is of zero, one or two dimensions and does not include a spatial region as part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [029-001])"@en . _:b663914339 . _:b666209435 . _:b663914336 . _:b665860594 . _:b663914337 . _:b666209533 . _:b663914342 . _:b663914343 . _:b663914340 . _:b663914341 . _:b665860607 . _:b666209418 . _:b663914346 . _:b666209419 . _:b663914016 "(forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [037-001] " . _:b663914347 . _:b663914344 . _:b666209524 . _:b663914345 . _:b666238989 . _:b663914350 . _:b663914351 . _:b666209420 . _:b663914348 . _:b663516792 "2"^^ . _:b666209421 . _:b663914349 . _:b663914322 . _:b663914323 . _:b666238084 "if b is a continuant and if, for some t, c has_continuant_part b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [126-001])"@en . _:b663913563 "The fixed portion of the small intestine deeply lodged in the posterior wall of the abdomen and extending from the pylorus to the beginning of the jejunum. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663914320 . _:b663914321 . _:b663914326 . _:b663914327 . _:b663914056 "b is a continuant fiat boundary = Def. b is an immaterial entity that is of zero, one or two dimensions and does not include a spatial region as part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [029-001])"@en . _:b663914324 . _:b665805770 . _:b663914325 . _:b663914330 . _:b663914331 . _:b665805807 . _:b663914328 . _:b663914329 . _:b665805618 . _:b665805767 . _:b663914334 . _:b663914335 . _:b665805620 . _:b666238710 . _:b663914332 . _:b665805474 "1"^^ . _:b663914333 . _:b665805475 "1"^^ . _:b663914306 . _:b665860770 . _:b663914307 . _:b663914304 . _:b663914305 . _:b663914310 . _:b665862062 _:b665862061 . _:b665805611 . _:b665805784 . _:b663914311 . _:b665862063 _:b665862062 . _:b663914308 . _:b663913659 "GO:0060465"^^ . _:b665862164 . _:b666238719 . _:b665862049 _:b665862052 . _:b663914309 . _:b665862165 . _:b663914314 . _:b665862060 _:b665862063 . _:b665798773 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b663914315 . _:b665805600 . _:b665805781 . _:b665798772 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b663914312 . _:b665862051 _:b665862050 . _:b663914313 . _:b666238692 . _:b665862067 _:b665862068 . _:b663914318 . _:b663914319 . _:b663914316 . _:b665862052 _:b665862051 . _:b665798771 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b663914317 . _:b665805606 . _:b665798770 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b663914290 . _:b665862078 _:b665862077 . _:b663914291 . _:b665862079 _:b665862078 . _:b663914288 . _:b663914289 . _:b663914294 . _:b666238701 . _:b663914295 . _:b665862074 _:b665862073 . _:b663914292 . _:b665798714 . _:b665862075 _:b665862074 . _:b663914293 . _:b666209449 . _:b665805598 . _:b663914298 . _:b665805599 . _:b663914299 . _:b665805584 . _:b665862072 _:b665862075 . _:b666238674 . _:b666239011 . _:b663520107 . _:b666209444 . _:b663914296 . _:b663914297 . _:b663914302 . _:b666209442 . _:b665862076 _:b665862079 . _:b663914303 . _:b666209443 . _:b663914300 . _:b663914301 . _:b666209441 . _:b663914274 . _:b665863140 . _:b663914275 . _:b665862100 _:b665862099 . _:b663914272 . _:b665862101 _:b665862100 . _:b666238683 . _:b663914273 . _:b663914278 . _:b665805579 . _:b663914279 . _:b665805580 . _:b663914276 . _:b665805581 . _:b663914277 . _:b665805582 . _:b666238656 . _:b663914282 . _:b665862098 _:b665862101 . _:b665805583 . _:b665805779 . _:b663914283 . _:b665805568 . _:b665797817 "(forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [020-002] " . _:b665862111 _:b665862110 . _:b665862109 _:b665862112 . _:b663914280 . _:b663914281 . _:b663914286 . _:b665805571 . _:b663520799 "(forall (x y) (if (processProfileOf x y) (and (properContinuantPartOf x y) (exists (z t) (and (properOccurrentPartOf z y) (TemporalRegion t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion y t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion z t) (not (exists (w) (and (occurrentPartOf w x) (occurrentPartOf w z))))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [094-005] " . _:b666238661 . _:b663914287 . _:b666208982 . _:b665862092 _:b665862093 . _:b665862105 _:b665862104 . _:b663914284 . _:b666238097 "(forall (x) (iff (Occurrent x) (and (Entity x) (exists (y) (temporalPartOf y x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [079-001] " . _:b665862103 _:b665862106 . _:b665862106 _:b665862105 . _:b663914285 . _:b666239291 . _:b666209423 . _:b663914258 . _:b666209422 . _:b666238665 . _:b666209422 . _:b663914259 . _:b665862102 _:b665862103 . _:b663914256 . _:b663914257 . _:b665805690 . _:b663914262 . _:b666209418 . _:b663914263 . _:b663914260 . _:b665862058 . _:b663914261 . _:b665862097 _:b665862098 . _:b666239288 . _:b665862091 _:b665862088 . _:b663914266 . _:b666209658 "UMLS:C0021852"^^ . _:b666208987 . _:b666239289 . _:b663914267 . _:b665862090 _:b665862089 . _:b666239290 . _:b663914264 . _:b665805681 . _:b665862087 _:b665862091 . _:b666239283 . _:b665862091 _:b665862090 . _:b666238580 . _:b663914265 . _:b666209413 . _:b663914270 . _:b665798033 "Last portion of the large intestine before it becomes the rectum."^^ . _:b666239293 . _:b663914271 . _:b663914268 . _:b665805640 "ISBN:978-0521617147 Stevens CE and Hume ID, Comparative physiology of the vertebrate digestive system (2004) p.11"^^ . _:b666239295 . _:b663914269 . _:b666239280 . _:b663914242 . _:b666209438 . _:b666239281 . _:b663914243 . _:b666239282 . _:b663914240 . _:b665798008 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b666209762 "GO:0060465"^^ . _:b663914241 . _:b666239284 . _:b665797726 "(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (continuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [009-002] " . _:b663914246 . _:b665798045 . _:b663914247 . _:b665805281 . _:b666239294 . _:b666209416 . _:b663914244 . _:b666209432 . _:b666239287 . _:b665806430 "MP:0004002"^^ . _:b666209417 . _:b663914245 . _:b666209433 . _:b666239264 . _:b665806409 "cjm"^^ . _:b663914250 . _:b665798210 . _:b666239273 . _:b665862114 _:b665862115 . _:b663914251 . _:b665798211 . _:b663914248 . _:b665862128 _:b665862127 . _:b663914249 . _:b666238902 "b is an object aggregate means: b is a material entity consisting exactly of a plurality of objects as member_parts at all times at which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [025-004])"@en . _:b666239276 . _:b663914254 . _:b666239269 . _:b663914255 . _:b663914252 . _:b663914253 . _:b665805670 . _:b665862129 _:b665862128 . _:b665798593 "url:http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec09/ch122/ch122a.html" . _:b666239265 . _:b665862120 _:b665862119 . _:b665862121 _:b665862120 . _:b665805657 . _:b666239275 . _:b665862118 _:b665862121 . _:b665805658 . _:b666239268 . _:b665806429 "cjm"^^ . _:b665805659 . _:b665862112 _:b665862111 . _:b666239270 . _:b665805661 . _:b663914436 . _:b665862113 _:b665862117 . _:b666209388 . _:b666239257 . _:b665805710 . _:b666209389 . _:b665860659 "UMLS:C0021853"^^ . _:b665805649 . _:b666209390 . _:b663520755 "(forall (x) (if (Quality x) (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [055-001] " . _:b666239259 . _:b665805650 . _:b666209391 . _:b666209378 . _:b666239253 . _:b665862126 _:b665862129 . _:b665805728 . _:b666239262 . _:b665862116 _:b665862114 . _:b665862022 . _:b665798827 "The first two fifth of the small intestine beyond the duodenum. It extends from the end of the duodenum to the ileum. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665862117 _:b665862116 . _:b666239263 . _:b665862023 . _:b665805654 . _:b666209387 . _:b666239248 . _:b663914419 . _:b666239249 . _:b665805723 . _:b665798185 . _:b666239258 . _:b665806419 "cjm"^^ . _:b665862026 . _:b665862027 . _:b665861928 _:b665861927 . _:b665862024 . _:b665805643 . _:b665805279 . _:b665862025 . _:b666239254 . _:b665805278 . _:b665805277 . _:b666209401 . _:b665861920 _:b665861922 . _:b666239240 . _:b666239232 . _:b665861922 _:b665861921 . _:b665805632 . _:b665861923 _:b665861925 . _:b665798094 "lower intestine"^^ . _:b665862262 . _:b666209397 . _:b665863040 "mid-intestine"^^ . _:b666239244 . _:b665805694 "ISBN:978-0521617147 Stevens CE and Hume ID, Comparative physiology of the vertebrate digestive system (2004) p.11"^^ . _:b666239245 . _:b665805636 . _:b666239246 . _:b666239238 . _:b665861925 _:b665861924 . _:b666239247 . _:b666209358 "(forall (x t) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (SpatialRegion y) (spatiallyProjectsOntoAt x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [099-001] " . _:b663520122 . _:b665806438 "cjm"^^ . _:b665806377 "intestinum crassum cecum"^^ . _:b665861926 _:b665861928 . _:b665861362 . _:b666239233 . _:b665805645 . _:b665805754 . _:b665805722 . _:b666239236 . _:b666209398 . _:b663913338 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campylobacteriosis" . _:b666239237 . _:b665805756 . _:b666209384 . _:b666239239 . _:b666209397 . _:b665805642 . _:b666209389 . _:b665805759 . _:b665798144 . _:b665862940 . _:b665805672 . _:b665798798 . _:b666209383 . _:b665805744 . _:b665798145 . _:b665805745 . _:b665805746 . _:b665798493 . _:b663515787 "(forall (x) (if (Site x) (ImmaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [034-002] " . _:b665798492 . _:b665798491 . _:b665805751 . _:b665798490 . _:b665861890 _:b665861889 . _:b665861891 _:b665861890 . _:b665805660 . _:b665805736 . _:b665798489 . _:b665805737 . _:b665805682 . _:b665861888 _:b665861891 . _:b665861895 _:b665861894 . _:b666209791 . _:b665861894 _:b665861893 . _:b665861892 _:b665861895 . _:b665805741 . _:b666209625 "3"^^ . _:b665805742 . _:b666209788 . _:b665861896 _:b665861899 . _:b663913553 "The terminal region of the mid intestine is comprised of specialized enterocytes that appear to play a role in mucosal immunity. Wallace et al, 2005.[TAO]"^^ . _:b665861898 _:b665861897 . _:b665861899 _:b665861898 . _:b665805730 . _:b665805691 . _:b666209362 . _:b666209657 "ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.566"^^ . _:b665805648 . _:b665861903 _:b665861902 . _:b665805733 . _:b666209329 . _:b665861909 _:b665861906 . _:b666209328 . _:b665805720 . _:b665861904 _:b665861903 . _:b666209331 . _:b665805633 . _:b665861908 _:b665861907 . _:b665805721 . _:b665861904 _:b665861901 . _:b665861909 _:b665861908 . _:b666209330 . _:b665805726 . _:b666239312 . _:b665805727 . _:b665861918 _:b665861917 . _:b663515734 . _:b665861919 _:b665861916 . _:b666208920 "The fixed portion of the small intestine deeply lodged in the posterior wall of the abdomen and extending from the pylorus to the beginning of the jejunum. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663914224 "DOI:10.1046/j.1525-142x.2000.00076.x Smith DM, Grasty RC, Theodosiou NA, Tabin CJ, Nascone-Yoder NM, Evolutionary relationships between the amphibian, avian, and mammalian stomachs. Evolution and development (2000)"^^ . _:b665805712 . _:b663515733 . _:b665861919 _:b665861918 . _:b663914022 "Specifically dependent continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. We're not sure what else will develop here, but for example there are questions such as what are promises, obligation, etc."@en . _:b663520971 . _:b665798210 . _:b665805715 . _:b665798211 . _:b663515729 . _:b665861913 _:b665861912 . _:b665805717 . _:b665798754 _:b665798755 . _:b663515728 . _:b665861914 _:b665861913 . _:b665861914 _:b665861911 . _:b663515714 "(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (hasContinuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [126-001] " . _:b663515743 . _:b665798752 _:b665798753 . _:b666239313 . _:b663515741 . _:b665806355 "cjm"^^ . _:b663515740 . _:b666239316 . _:b663515739 . _:b665805652 . _:b665806380 "cjm"^^ . _:b665798761 _:b665798762 . _:b666239304 . _:b665862178 . _:b666239305 . _:b665805725 . _:b666209332 . _:b666239307 . _:b663515716 . _:b666239299 . _:b665805079 . _:b666209325 . _:b663515715 . _:b665805078 . _:b663515714 . _:b666209327 . _:b666239310 . _:b663515713 . _:b666209326 . _:b666239311 . _:b665805662 . _:b666209385 . _:b663515727 . _:b666239298 . _:b666239306 . _:b666238442 "VHOG:0000053"^^ . _:b666209386 . _:b665860593 . _:b666239300 . _:b663515723 . _:b666209369 . _:b666238395 "UBERON:0001155"^^ . _:b663515722 . _:b666209368 . _:b666209371 . _:b666239303 . _:b665805578 . _:b666209370 . _:b665805787 . _:b665805608 . _:b665805786 . _:b665805572 . _:b663515765 . _:b665805777 . _:b665805573 . _:b665798777 _:b665798778 . _:b665805778 . _:b663515763 . _:b665805575 . _:b665860729 "VHOG:0001751"^^ . _:b663515762 . _:b666209556 . _:b663516567 "A zero-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is without extent. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [102-001])"@en . _:b663515774 . _:b665805810 . _:b665805801 . _:b663515772 . _:b665805802 . _:b666209433 "url:https://www.foodsafety.gov/poisoning/causes/bacteriaviruses/salmonella" . _:b665806137 "(forall (x) (if (Role x) (RealizableEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [061-001] " . _:b665805804 . _:b663520781 "Every process boundary occupies_temporal_region a zero-dimensional temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [085-002])"@en . _:b663515769 . _:b665862299 "the portion of the small intestine that extends from the jejunum to the colon"^^ . _:b663515768 . _:b666208596 . _:b663515751 . _:b666208595 . _:b665805813 . _:b663515750 . _:b666208594 . _:b665805792 . _:b663515749 . _:b666208593 . _:b666209480 . _:b666208592 . _:b666208932 "intestinum jejunum"^^ . _:b665805795 . _:b663515759 . _:b666209367 . _:b663515758 . _:b666209366 . _:b665805765 . _:b665805785 . _:b665798581 "(forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [102-001] " . _:b666238385 "blind intestine"^^ . _:b665805786 . _:b663515755 . _:b666209363 . _:b663515865 . _:b665805787 . _:b663515753 . _:b666209361 . _:b663520905 "UMLS:C0021851"^^ . _:b663515742 . _:b663520697 . _:b666209360 . _:b665805762 . _:b663515752 . _:b663515743 . _:b665805790 . _:b663520215 . _:b663520214 . _:b663520213 . _:b666209373 . _:b663520212 . _:b663520701 . _:b663520211 . _:b666209371 . _:b663520210 . _:b666209370 . _:b663520700 . _:b666209351 . _:b663520703 . _:b663520702 . _:b665862957 . _:b665805585 . _:b666209349 . _:b665861846 _:b665861845 . _:b663520696 . _:b665862956 . _:b665861845 _:b665861844 . _:b666209348 . _:b666238916 "(iff (ProcessBoundary a) (exists (p) (and (Process p) (temporalPartOf a p) (not (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [084-001] " . _:b663520016 "b is a fiat object part = Def. b is a material entity which is such that for all times t, if b exists at t then there is some object c such that b proper continuant_part of c at t and c is demarcated from the remainder of c by a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [027-004])"@en . _:b666209347 . _:b663520699 . _:b663520218 . _:b663520698 . _:b665861842 _:b665861841 . _:b665861843 _:b665861842 . _:b663520217 . _:b665862953 . _:b666238359 "Anterior end of the alimentary canal lined with smooth muscle. Bounded anteriorly by a constriction in the pharynx. Bounded posteriorly by and increase in circular and/or longitudinal smooth muscle associated with the stomach.[AAO]"^^ . _:b663520695 . _:b665805773 . _:b663520216 . _:b663520693 . _:b663914168 "ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.566"^^ . _:b665861840 _:b665861843 . _:b665862955 . _:b666209359 . _:b663520694 . _:b665861852 _:b665861851 . _:b665862954 . _:b666209358 . _:b665805760 . _:b666209357 . _:b665861855 _:b665861854 . _:b665861854 _:b665861853 . _:b665861824 _:b665861823 . _:b665861849 _:b665861852 . _:b665805610 . _:b665805595 . _:b665805597 . _:b665861851 _:b665861850 . _:b665861848 _:b665861847 . _:b665806225 . _:b665805609 . _:b666209398 . _:b665861827 _:b665861826 . _:b665805614 . _:b665805615 . _:b665860652 . _:b665861825 _:b665861824 . _:b665805612 . _:b666209395 . _:b666209510 . _:b665805540 . _:b665861830 _:b665861829 . _:b666209393 . _:b665861831 _:b665861834 . _:b666209350 . _:b665861828 _:b665861827 . _:b666209351 . _:b666209406 . _:b665861833 _:b665861832 . _:b665861834 _:b665861833 . _:b666209404 . _:b666209403 . _:b663520717 "Spatial region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the union of a spatial point and a spatial line that doesn't overlap the point, or two spatial lines that intersect at a single point. In both cases the resultant spatial region is neither 0-dimensional, 1-dimensional, 2-dimensional, or 3-dimensional."@en . _:b665861836 _:b665861835 . _:b665861837 _:b665861836 . _:b663520736 . _:b666238846 "For every independent continuant b and time t during the region of time spanned by its life, there are entities which s-depends_on b during t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [018-002])"@en . _:b663520738 . _:b663520739 . _:b665861839 _:b665861838 . _:b663520729 . _:b663520741 . _:b663520743 . _:b666209400 . _:b663520730 . _:b663520742 . _:b663520722 . _:b663520737 . _:b666209382 . _:b663516555 "(iff (OneDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [032-001] " . _:b665861218 "(forall (x) (if (TemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [100-001] " . _:b665861520 . _:b666209380 . _:b663520740 . _:b663520721 . _:b666209377 . _:b663520750 . _:b666209376 . _:b663520720 . _:b663520748 . _:b665805616 . _:b666209391 . _:b663520749 . _:b665861879 _:b665861878 . _:b665861535 "The fixed portion of the small intestine deeply lodged in the posterior wall of the abdomen and extending from the pylorus to the beginning of the jejunum. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665805617 . _:b663520746 . _:b663520747 . _:b665861876 _:b665861875 . _:b665861877 _:b665861879 . _:b663520744 . _:b663520745 . _:b666209386 . _:b665861874 _:b665861873 . _:b663520759 . _:b665861875 _:b665861874 . _:b663520716 . _:b665861872 _:b665861876 . _:b663914064 "(iff (ProcessProfile a) (exists (b) (and (Process b) (processProfileOf a b)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [093-002] " . _:b666209384 . _:b663520757 . _:b665806348 "Anterior end of the alimentary canal lined with smooth muscle. Bounded anteriorly by a constriction in the pharynx. Bounded posteriorly by and increase in circular and/or longitudinal smooth muscle associated with the stomach.[AAO]"^^ . _:b663520754 . _:b663913289 "A three-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of three dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [040-001])"@en . _:b663520755 . _:b665861865 _:b665861864 . _:b663520713 . _:b663520756 . _:b665861866 _:b665861865 . _:b663520753 . _:b665861864 _:b665861863 . _:b663520719 . _:b666209373 "(forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [037-001] " . _:b665861868 _:b665861867 . _:b663520715 . _:b665861869 _:b665861868 . _:b663520718 . _:b665861871 _:b665861870 . _:b665798783 . _:b665798782 . _:b665861858 _:b665861862 . _:b663520711 . _:b665798781 . _:b666208573 "if b is a continuant and if, for some t, cis continuant_part of b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [009-002])"@en . _:b665798780 . _:b666209384 "(forall (x) (if (FiatObjectPart x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y) (and (Object y) (properContinuantPartOfAt x y t)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [027-004] " . _:b665798779 . _:b663520717 . _:b663520760 . _:b665861857 _:b665861856 . _:b663520761 . _:b665798777 . _:b663520705 . _:b663520704 . _:b663520762 . _:b663520766 . _:b665798776 . _:b665861862 _:b665861861 . _:b666208598 "A temporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of time as defined relative to some reference frame. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [100-001])"@en . _:b663520763 . _:b665861860 _:b665861859 . _:b665861861 _:b665861860 . _:b663520708 . _:b663520767 . _:b665862793 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infectious_disease" . _:b663520707 . _:b663520710 . _:b663520693 "Entity doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example Werner Ceusters 'portions of reality' include 4 sorts, entities (as BFO construes them), universals, configurations, and relations. It is an open question as to whether entities as construed in BFO will at some point also include these other portions of reality. See, for example, 'How to track absolutely everything' at http://www.referent-tracking.com/_RTU/papers/CeustersICbookRevised.pdf"@en . _:b665861763 _:b665861762 . _:b663520764 . _:b666238156 "b is an object aggregate means: b is a material entity consisting exactly of a plurality of objects as member_parts at all times at which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [025-004])"@en . _:b663520143 . _:b663520709 . _:b663520714 . _:b663520765 . _:b665861761 _:b665861760 . _:b665861767 _:b665861766 . _:b663520712 . _:b663520706 . _:b665805686 "UMLS:C0022378"^^ . _:b663520752 . _:b665861766 _:b665861765 . _:b663520758 . _:b665861764 _:b665861767 . _:b663516125 . _:b665805526 . _:b663516767 "AAO:0010400"^^ . _:b665806412 "ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.566"^^ . _:b666209411 "(forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt x y t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [021-002] " . _:b665861768 _:b665861771 . _:b665861770 _:b665861769 . _:b665861771 _:b665861770 . _:b663516120 . _:b665805531 . _:b665861773 _:b665861772 . _:b666209016 "GO:0060465"^^ . _:b663520723 . _:b665861774 _:b665861773 . _:b666209335 . _:b665861783 _:b665861782 . _:b666209664 "3"^^ . _:b665861776 _:b665861775 . _:b665861782 _:b665861781 . _:b663520724 . _:b665861780 _:b665861779 . _:b663520725 . _:b665862010 . _:b663520727 . _:b663520726 . _:b666209331 . _:b663520751 . _:b666209330 . _:b665861423 . _:b665861779 _:b665861778 . _:b665862009 . _:b663520731 . _:b665862014 . _:b666208910 "The terminal region of the mid intestine is comprised of specialized enterocytes that appear to play a role in mucosal immunity. Wallace et al, 2005.[TAO]"^^ . _:b665862015 . _:b665798684 . _:b665861777 _:b665861780 . _:b666239032 . _:b663520728 . _:b665798685 . _:b665861788 _:b665861787 . _:b665861789 _:b665861788 . _:b666239033 . _:b666209342 . _:b665798686 . _:b663520734 . _:b666239034 . _:b666209341 . _:b665798687 . _:b665861791 _:b665861790 . _:b665861408 . _:b666209674 "3"^^ . _:b666238166 "(forall (x) (if (Function x) (Disposition x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [064-001] " . _:b663520732 . _:b663520735 . _:b663520733 . _:b665861785 _:b665861784 . _:b666209337 . _:b665798683 . _:b665861991 . _:b665861786 _:b665861789 . _:b666209336 . _:b665861990 . _:b666239024 . _:b665861989 . _:b666209683 "3"^^ . _:b665861801 _:b665861800 . _:b666239027 . _:b665861803 _:b665861802 . _:b665861800 _:b665861799 . _:b665798563 "(forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [020-002] " . _:b666239028 . _:b663516721 "ncithesaurus:Stomach"^^ . _:b665861804 _:b665861807 . _:b663520973 "VHOG:0000450"^^ . _:b666239029 . _:b665861992 . _:b665861792 _:b665861791 . _:b666239030 . _:b665861807 _:b665861806 . _:b666239031 . _:b665862733 "A zero-dimensional spatial region is a point in space. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [037-001])"@en . _:b666239016 . _:b665861806 _:b665861805 . _:b665861996 . _:b663516665 "intestinum crassum"^^ . _:b665861794 _:b665861793 . _:b665861795 _:b665861798 . . _:b665861997 . _:b665862148 . _:b666239010 . _:b666239019 . _:b666209324 . _:b666239020 . . _:b666209323 . . _:b666239021 . _:b666209322 . _:b666239022 . _:b665861798 _:b665861797 . _:b666209321 . _:b665861822 _:b665861825 . _:b665861797 _:b665861796 . _:b666239015 . _:b665861821 _:b665861820 . _:b666239011 . _:b666239012 . _:b665861818 _:b665861817 . _:b666239023 . _:b665861819 _:b665861818 . _:b665861816 _:b665861815 . _:b665861815 _:b665861814 . _:b665861813 _:b665861816 . _:b666239001 . _:b663515798 . _:b663515822 . _:b663515821 . _:b665861812 _:b665861811 . _:b663515796 . _:b666238995 . _:b666239004 . _:b663515795 . _:b665860695 . _:b666239005 . _:b665861810 _:b665861809 . _:b663914271 "Last portion of the large intestine before it becomes the rectum."^^ . _:b666239007 . _:b663515792 . _:b665861809 _:b665861808 . _:b666238992 . _:b663515807 . _:b666239000 . _:b665861756 _:b665861755 . _:b666209719 . _:b666238993 . _:b666238994 . _:b663914260 "NCBITaxon:8782"^^ . _:b663515804 . _:b663914261 "NCBITaxon:8782"^^ . _:b666238996 . _:b663515803 . _:b665861758 _:b665861757 . _:b663515802 . _:b665861753 _:b665861752 . _:b666239006 . _:b665861754 _:b665861756 . _:b666238999 . _:b663515783 . _:b665861751 _:b665861750 . _:b666238985 . _:b666238986 . _:b665861748 _:b665861747 . _:b665861749 _:b665861751 . _:b666238989 . _:b663515778 . _:b665861746 _:b665861745 . _:b666238990 . _:b666238991 . _:b663515776 . _:b665861744 _:b665861746 . _:b666238984 . _:b666238977 . _:b663515790 . _:b666238978 . _:b666238829 "A continuant is an entity that persists, endures, or continues to exist through time while maintaining its identity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [008-002])"@en . _:b666238979 . _:b665861738 _:b665861737 . _:b665861736 _:b665861735 . _:b666238980 . _:b663515787 . _:b665861739 _:b665861741 . _:b665861741 _:b665861740 . _:b666238981 . _:b665861728 _:b665861727 . _:b666238982 . _:b663515785 . _:b665805496 . _:b665861743 _:b665861742 . _:b665860476 "All parts of spatiotemporal regions are spatiotemporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [096-001])"@en . _:b666238983 . _:b663520996 "caeca"^^ . _:b665861730 _:b665861729 . _:b665861731 _:b665861730 . _:b665805488 . _:b666239098 . _:b665806384 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b666239099 . _:b665805489 . _:b665805490 . _:b666239100 . _:b665805491 . _:b666239101 . _:b665797835 "(forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [102-001] " . _:b666239102 . _:b663516662 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b666208668 "Continuant fiat boundary doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary and a one dimensional continuant fiat boundary that doesn't overlap it. The situation is analogous to temporal and spatial regions."@en . _:b665861733 _:b665861732 . _:b666239103 . _:b665861734 _:b665861736 . _:b666239088 . _:b665861719 _:b665861718 . _:b665862209 "The few structural specializations in (adult lampreys) pharynx include complex valves on the external gill openings that direct the tidal flow, and the division of the ancestral pharynx into an oesophagus and a respiratory pharynx.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665861712 _:b665861711 . _:b665861718 _:b665861717 . _:b665805487 . _:b665861717 _:b665861716 . _:b666239077 _:b666239080 . _:b665861715 _:b665861714 . _:b666239080 _:b666239079 . _:b666239102 _:b666239103 . _:b665861713 _:b665861712 . _:b663515815 . _:b665861724 _:b665861723 . _:b666239081 . _:b665805323 . _:b666239072 _:b666239071 . _:b666239082 . _:b663515813 . _:b665861727 _:b665861726 . _:b666239083 . _:b663515812 . _:b666239084 . _:b665861726 _:b665861725 . _:b666239085 . _:b666239077 . _:b665861696 _:b665861695 . _:b665861721 _:b665861720 . _:b666239086 . _:b663515809 . _:b666239073 _:b666239072 . _:b665805477 . _:b666239087 . _:b665861722 _:b665861721 . _:b666208609 "Each spatiotemporal region projects_onto some temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [098-001])"@en . _:b665805478 . _:b663515822 . _:b666209430 . _:b665861699 _:b665861698 . _:b666209618 "ceca"^^ . _:b666239074 . _:b666239079 _:b666239078 . _:b666239075 . _:b663520263 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b666209428 . _:b663515820 . _:b665861697 _:b665861696 . _:b666239076 . _:b665861703 _:b665861702 . _:b666239235 . _:b663515841 "A disease of anatomical entity that is located_in the gastrointestinal tract." . _:b666239078 . _:b663515817 . _:b666209425 . _:b666239063 _:b666239062 . _:b663913273 "(forall (x) (if (Quality x) (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [055-001] " . _:b665861700 _:b665861699 . _:b665861701 _:b665861700 . _:b666238100 "For every independent continuant b and time t during the region of time spanned by its life, there are entities which s-depends_on b during t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [018-002])"@en . _:b666239059 _:b666239058 . _:b665797747 . _:b666239059 _:b666239056 . _:b666239065 . _:b665797746 . _:b665805462 . _:b666239066 . _:b665797745 . _:b666239058 _:b666239057 . _:b666239067 . _:b665797744 . _:b665861706 _:b665861705 . _:b665798658 . _:b665861704 _:b665861703 . _:b666239068 . _:b666239060 . _:b666239070 _:b666239073 . _:b665805449 . _:b665861708 _:b665861707 . _:b665861709 _:b665861708 . _:b666239069 . _:b666209760 . _:b665861759 _:b665861761 . _:b665805455 . _:b666208912 "UMLS:C0021852"^^ . _:b666239071 . _:b666239064 _:b666239061 . _:b665805699 . _:b666239056 . _:b666239060 _:b666239064 . _:b665861710 _:b665861709 . _:b666209415 . _:b665861669 _:b665861672 . _:b666239057 . _:b666239064 _:b666239063 . _:b665805459 . _:b666209412 . _:b665861672 _:b665861671 . _:b666209411 . _:b666239061 . _:b666209410 . _:b666239062 . _:b663913214 . _:b666239070 . _:b663913215 . _:b665861679 _:b665861678 . _:b663913212 . _:b665806348 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b663913213 . _:b663913210 . _:b663913211 . _:b663914037 "b is a site means: b is a three-dimensional immaterial entity that is (partially or wholly) bounded by a material entity or it is a three-dimensional immaterial part thereof. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [034-002])"@en . _:b666239055 _:b666239059 . _:b665861674 "To say that each spatiotemporal region s temporally_projects_onto some temporal region t is to say that t is the temporal extension of s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [080-003])"@en . _:b663913208 . _:b663913209 . _:b663913206 . _:b666209423 . _:b665861678 _:b665861677 . _:b663913207 . _:b666239049 _:b666239054 . _:b665861665 _:b665861664 . _:b663913204 . _:b663913205 . _:b663913202 . _:b665861666 _:b665861665 . _:b663913203 . _:b663913200 . _:b663913201 . _:b666239050 . _:b663913198 . _:b666209421 . _:b663913199 . _:b663913196 . _:b663913197 . _:b666239051 . _:b663913194 . _:b666209420 . _:b663913195 . _:b663913192 . _:b663913193 . _:b663913190 . _:b665797743 . _:b663913191 . _:b663913188 . _:b665861486 "NCBITaxon:8782"^^ . _:b663913189 . _:b663913186 . _:b663520289 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b663913187 . _:b663913184 . _:b665861487 "NCBITaxon:8782"^^ . _:b665798730 "An expanded region of the vertebrate alimentary tract that serves as a food storage compartment and digestive organ. A stomach is lined, in whole or in part by a glandular epithelium."^^ . _:b663913185 . _:b663913182 . _:b666209417 . _:b663520373 "subdivision of alimentary system"^^ . _:b663913183 . _:b663913180 . _:b663913181 . _:b665798617 . _:b665861693 _:b665861697 . _:b663913178 . _:b663913179 . _:b666239053 _:b666239052 . _:b663913176 . _:b663913177 . _:b666239040 . _:b665861671 _:b665861670 . _:b663913174 . _:b663913175 . _:b663913172 . _:b665861692 _:b665861691 . _:b663913173 . _:b666239041 . _:b663913170 . _:b666239049 . _:b665862910 . _:b663913171 . _:b666239053 _:b666239050 . _:b663913168 . _:b663913169 . _:b666239042 . _:b663913166 . _:b665862911 . _:b663913167 . _:b665861695 _:b665861694 . _:b663913164 . _:b666239054 _:b666239053 . _:b666239052 _:b666239051 . _:b663913165 . _:b666239043 . _:b663913162 . _:b663913163 . _:b663913160 . _:b663913161 . _:b663913158 . _:b663913159 . _:b663913156 . _:b663913157 . _:b666239017 _:b666239016 . _:b665861688 _:b665861692 . _:b663913154 . _:b663913155 . _:b666239015 _:b666239018 . _:b663913152 . _:b666239018 _:b666239017 . _:b665805564 . _:b663913153 . _:b663520074 "url:http://www.health.state.ny.us/diseases/communicable/campylobacteriosis/fact_sheet.htm" . _:b663913150 . _:b663913151 . _:b663913148 . _:b665805565 . _:b663913149 . _:b663913146 . _:b666239055 . _:b665861690 _:b665861689 . _:b663913147 . _:b666239010 _:b666239014 . _:b665861691 _:b665861690 . _:b663913144 . _:b663913145 . _:b666239160 . _:b665805566 . _:b663913142 . _:b663913143 . _:b663913140 . _:b663913141 . _:b666239161 . _:b663913138 . _:b663913139 . _:b663913136 . _:b666239008 _:b666239007 . _:b665861680 _:b665861679 . _:b663913137 . _:b666239162 . _:b663913134 . _:b663913135 . _:b663913132 . _:b663913133 . _:b666239163 . _:b663913130 . _:b663913131 . _:b663913128 . _:b663913129 . _:b666239164 . _:b663913126 . _:b666239156 . _:b663913127 . _:b663913124 . _:b665863045 "the portion of the small intestine that extends from the jejunum to the colon"^^ . _:b663913125 . _:b666239165 . _:b663913122 . _:b665861682 _:b665861681 . _:b663913123 . _:b663913120 . _:b663913121 . _:b663913118 . _:b663913119 . _:b666239009 _:b666239008 . _:b663913116 . _:b663913117 . _:b663913114 . _:b663913115 . _:b666239023 _:b666239026 . _:b663913112 . _:b666239013 _:b666239011 . _:b663913113 . _:b666239152 . _:b665861681 _:b665861680 . _:b663913110 . _:b663913111 . _:b663913108 . _:b666239014 _:b666239013 . _:b663913109 . _:b666239153 . _:b663913106 . _:b663913107 . _:b665861635 _:b665861634 . _:b663913104 . _:b663913105 . _:b666239154 . _:b663913102 . _:b663913103 . _:b663913100 . _:b663913101 . _:b666239155 . _:b663913098 . _:b663913099 . _:b663913096 . _:b665861634 _:b665861633 . _:b663913097 . _:b663913094 . _:b663913095 . _:b663913092 . _:b663913093 . _:b666239157 . _:b663913090 . _:b663913091 . _:b663913088 . _:b663913089 . _:b663913086 . _:b665861640 _:b665861643 . _:b663913087 . _:b663913084 . _:b663913085 . _:b663913082 . _:b663913083 . _:b663913080 . _:b663913081 . _:b663913078 . _:b663913079 . _:b663913076 . _:b663913077 . _:b666239145 . _:b663913074 . _:b666209430 . _:b665806204 "A disease of anatomical entity that is located_in the gastrointestinal tract." . _:b663913075 . _:b665806435 "middle intestine"^^ . _:b665861642 _:b665861641 . _:b663913072 . _:b663913073 . _:b666239146 . _:b663913070 . _:b666209429 . _:b663913071 . _:b663913068 . _:b665805537 . _:b663913069 . _:b666239011 _:b666239012 . _:b663913066 . _:b663913067 . _:b665861643 _:b665861642 . _:b663913064 . _:b665805538 . _:b663913065 . _:b666239148 . _:b663913062 . _:b663913063 . _:b663913060 . _:b665805539 . _:b663913061 . _:b663913058 . _:b663913059 . _:b663913056 . _:b663913057 . _:b663913054 . _:b663913055 . _:b663913052 . _:b663913053 . _:b666239151 . _:b666239025 _:b666239024 . _:b663913050 . _:b663913051 . _:b663913048 . _:b666239026 _:b666239025 . _:b663913049 . _:b666239136 . _:b663913046 . _:b665861632 _:b665861635 . _:b663913047 . _:b663913044 . _:b663913045 . _:b663913042 . _:b663913043 . _:b665861653 _:b665861652 . _:b663913040 . _:b665805528 . _:b663913041 . _:b663913038 . _:b665861656 _:b665861659 . _:b665861654 _:b665861653 . _:b663913039 . _:b663913036 . _:b663913037 . _:b666239139 . _:b665805529 . _:b663913034 . _:b666239147 . _:b663913035 . _:b663913032 . _:b665805530 . _:b663913033 . _:b665861963 "(forall (x y) (if (and (TemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (TemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [101-001] " . _:b663913030 . _:b663913031 . _:b663913028 . _:b663913029 . _:b663913026 . _:b663913027 . _:b663913024 . _:b663913025 . _:b666238999 _:b666239000 . _:b666238116 "A two-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of two dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [039-001])"@en . _:b663913022 . _:b665860800 . _:b663913023 . _:b663913020 . _:b663913021 . _:b666238984 _:b666238988 . _:b663913018 . _:b665860801 . _:b663913019 . _:b663913016 . _:b666238994 _:b666238995 . _:b663913017 . _:b663913014 . _:b665860802 . _:b663913015 . _:b663913012 . _:b663913013 . _:b665861663 _:b665861666 . _:b663913010 . _:b665860803 . _:b663913011 . _:b663913008 . _:b663913009 . _:b665861651 _:b665861654 . _:b663913006 . _:b666209738 "A proximal-distal subdivision of the digestive tract."^^ . _:b663913007 . _:b663913004 . _:b663913005 . _:b665860566 . _:b663913002 . _:b663913003 . _:b666238987 _:b666238986 . _:b663913000 . _:b663913001 . _:b663912998 . _:b663912999 . _:b663912996 . _:b665805435 . _:b663912997 . _:b666209568 . _:b663912994 . _:b663912995 . _:b663912992 . _:b665861658 _:b665861657 . _:b663912993 . _:b665805524 . _:b663912990 . _:b663912991 . _:b663912988 . _:b665805525 . _:b663912989 . _:b666239135 . _:b663912986 . _:b666238988 _:b666238987 . _:b666209402 "Every process boundary occupies_temporal_region a zero-dimensional temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [085-002])"@en . _:b663520160 "intestinum crassum"^^ . _:b665861659 _:b665861658 . _:b663912987 . _:b663912984 . _:b663912985 . _:b663912982 . _:b663912983 . _:b663912980 . _:b665805527 . _:b665860220 _:b665860219 . _:b663912981 . _:b666239121 . _:b665860221 _:b665860220 . _:b663912978 . _:b663912979 . _:b663912976 . _:b663912977 . _:b663912974 . _:b666238988 _:b666238985 . _:b663912975 . _:b665860223 _:b665860222 . _:b663912972 . _:b663912973 . _:b666239123 . _:b666208915 . _:b663912970 . _:b663912971 . _:b663912968 . _:b663912969 . _:b666238997 _:b666238996 . _:b663912966 . _:b663912967 . _:b666238998 _:b666238997 . _:b666239000 _:b666239003 . _:b665860217 _:b665860216 . _:b666209561 . _:b663913470 . _:b663913471 . _:b663913468 . _:b663913469 . _:b663913466 . _:b665860218 _:b665860217 . _:b663913467 . _:b663913464 . _:b665860216 _:b665860215 . _:b663913465 . _:b666208916 . _:b665862221 "VHOG:0001751"^^ . _:b663913462 . _:b663913463 . _:b663913460 . _:b663913461 . _:b666208917 . _:b663913458 . _:b663519936 _:b663519935 . _:b663913459 . _:b663913456 . _:b665860208 _:b665860207 . _:b663913457 . _:b666239114 . _:b663519937 _:b663519934 . _:b663913454 . _:b665860214 _:b665860213 . _:b663913455 . _:b663913452 . _:b665860212 _:b665860211 . _:b663913453 . _:b663913450 . _:b665805519 . _:b663913451 . _:b663913448 . _:b663913571 "3"^^ . _:b663913449 . _:b666239116 . _:b663913446 . _:b666239006 _:b666239009 . _:b663913447 . _:b666238995 _:b666238998 . _:b665805509 . _:b663913444 . _:b663913445 . _:b663913442 . _:b663913443 . _:b665860211 _:b665860210 . _:b663913440 . _:b663913441 . _:b666208926 . _:b663519937 _:b663519936 . _:b663913438 . _:b663520726 "(forall (r) (if (TemporalRegion r) (occupiesTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [119-002] " . _:b663519943 _:b663519942 . _:b663913439 . _:b663913436 . _:b663913580 "3"^^ . _:b663913437 . _:b666208927 . _:b663913434 . _:b663519962 "b is an occurrent entity iff b is an entity that has temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [079-001])"@en . _:b663913435 . _:b666238989 _:b666238990 . _:b663913432 . _:b663913433 . _:b665860209 _:b665860208 . _:b663913430 . _:b666239002 _:b666239001 . _:b663913431 . _:b663913428 . _:b663519940 _:b663519939 . _:b663913429 . _:b663913426 . _:b663913427 . _:b665862703 . _:b663913424 . _:b663519941 _:b663519943 . _:b663913425 . _:b666239003 _:b666239002 . _:b663913422 . _:b665862228 "A cecum is present in most amniote species, and also in lungfish, but not in any living species of amphibian. In reptiles, it is usually a single median structure, arising from the dorsal side of the large intestine. Birds typically have two paired ceca, as, unlike other mammals, do hyraxes. Most mammalian herbivores have a relatively large cecum, hosting a large number of bacteria, which aid in the enzymatic breakdown of plant materials such as cellulose; in many species, it is considerably wider than the colon. In contrast, obligatory carnivores, whose diets contain little or no plant material, have a reduced cecum, which is often partially or wholly replaced by the vermiform appendix. Many fish have a number of small outpocketings, called pyloric ceca, along their intestine; despite the name they are not homologous with the cecum of amniotes, and their purpose is to increase the overall area of the digestive epithelium.[2] Some invertebrates, such as squid,[3] may also have structures with the same name, but these have no relationship with those of vertebrates."^^ . _:b665860201 _:b665860205 . _:b663913423 . _:b665862702 . _:b663913420 . _:b663913421 . _:b663913418 . _:b663913419 . _:b665862701 . _:b665860203 _:b665860202 . _:b663519944 _:b663519946 . _:b663913416 . _:b665860200 _:b665860199 . _:b663913417 . _:b663913414 . _:b665862207 . _:b663913415 . _:b665862700 . _:b663913412 . _:b665860204 _:b665860203 . _:b663913413 . _:b666239109 . _:b665860205 _:b665860204 . _:b663913410 . _:b663519946 _:b663519945 . _:b663913411 . _:b666238300 "AAO:0000246"^^ . _:b665862699 . _:b663913408 . _:b663913409 . _:b666239110 . _:b663913406 . _:b665798745 "DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1996.tb01658.x Mallatt J, Ventilation and the origin of jawed vertebrates: a new mouth. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (1996)"^^ . _:b665860207 _:b665860206 . _:b663519938 _:b663519940 . _:b663913407 . _:b663913404 . _:b663913405 . _:b666239111 . _:b663913402 . _:b663913403 . _:b663913400 . _:b665862141 "ncithesaurus:Large_Intestine"^^ . _:b663519744 _:b663519743 . _:b663913401 . _:b666239224 . _:b663913398 . _:b663913399 . _:b663913396 . _:b663913397 . _:b666239225 . _:b663913394 . _:b663913395 . _:b663913392 . _:b663913393 . _:b666239226 . _:b665863024 . _:b663913390 . _:b663913391 . _:b663913388 . _:b663913389 . _:b666239227 . _:b663913386 . _:b666239219 . _:b663913387 . _:b663913384 . _:b663913385 . _:b666239228 . _:b663913382 . _:b663913383 . _:b665860199 _:b665860198 . _:b663913380 . _:b663913381 . _:b666239229 . _:b663913378 . _:b663913379 . _:b663913376 . _:b663913377 . _:b666239230 . _:b665860196 _:b665860200 . _:b663913374 . _:b665860198 _:b665860197 . _:b663913375 . _:b663519965 . _:b663913372 . _:b663913373 . _:b666239231 . _:b663913370 . _:b663913371 . _:b663913368 . _:b663913369 . _:b665863034 . _:b663913366 . _:b663913367 . _:b663521008 "The last portion of the digestive system, it extracts water and salt from solid wastes before they are eliminated from the body.[AAO]"^^ . _:b663913364 . _:b663519967 . _:b663913365 . _:b663913362 . _:b663913363 . _:b663913360 . _:b663913361 . _:b666239218 . _:b663913358 . _:b663913359 . _:b663913356 . _:b663913357 . _:b665863033 . _:b663913354 . _:b663913355 . _:b666238863 "(forall (x) (if (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [039-001] " . _:b663913352 . _:b663913353 . _:b666239220 . _:b663913350 . _:b663913351 . _:b663913348 . _:b663913349 . _:b665860908 . _:b663913346 . _:b663913347 . _:b663913344 . _:b663913345 . _:b663913342 . _:b663519957 . _:b663913343 . _:b663913340 . _:b663519956 . _:b666239223 . _:b663913341 . _:b663519959 . _:b663519958 . _:b663913338 . _:b663913339 . _:b663913336 . _:b663913337 . _:b663913334 . _:b663519978 . _:b663913335 . _:b663913332 . _:b666209525 "ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.566"^^ . _:b663519979 . _:b666239209 . _:b663913333 . _:b663519977 . _:b663913330 . _:b663519981 . _:b663913331 . _:b663913328 . _:b663519980 . _:b663913329 . _:b663519982 . _:b663913326 . _:b663519953 . _:b663913327 . _:b663913324 . _:b663913325 . _:b663519952 . _:b666239203 . _:b663913322 . _:b663913323 . _:b663913320 . _:b663913321 . _:b666239212 . _:b663913318 . _:b663913319 . _:b663519968 . _:b663913316 . _:b663913317 . _:b666239213 . _:b663519954 . _:b663913314 . _:b663519986 . _:b663913315 . _:b663913312 . _:b663913313 . _:b663913310 . _:b663913311 . _:b663519948 . _:b663913308 . _:b663519987 . _:b666239215 . _:b663913309 . _:b663913306 . _:b663913307 . _:b663913304 . _:b663913305 . _:b663520075 "A gastrointestinal system infectious disease that involves inflammation of the lining of the stomach and small and large intestines, which is caused by viruses, bacteria, or parasites. Chemicals and drugs also cause gastroenteritis. The symptoms include diarrhea, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, cramps, and discomfort in the abdomen." . _:b663519949 . _:b666239208 . _:b663913302 . _:b663519985 . _:b663913303 . _:b663913300 . _:b663519950 . _:b663913301 . _:b663913298 . _:b663519947 . _:b663913299 . _:b663913296 . _:b663913297 . _:b663913294 . _:b663519989 . _:b663913295 . _:b663913292 . _:b663519991 . _:b663913293 . _:b663913290 . _:b663519990 . _:b663913291 . _:b663519988 . _:b665798817 "The fixed portion of the small intestine deeply lodged in the posterior wall of the abdomen and extending from the pylorus to the beginning of the jejunum. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663913288 . _:b663913289 . _:b666239204 . _:b665863022 . _:b663913286 . _:b663913287 . _:b666239219 _:b666239222 . _:b663913284 . _:b665860555 "A bacterial infectious disease that results_in infection by bacteria as a result of their presence or activity within the normal, healthy host, and their intrinsic virulence is, in part, a necessary consequence of their need to reproduce and spread." . _:b665863023 . _:b663913285 . _:b663913282 . _:b663913283 . _:b663519994 . _:b663913280 . _:b663519996 . _:b663913281 . _:b663519998 . _:b666239214 . _:b663913278 . _:b663913279 . _:b663913276 . _:b663913277 . _:b666239207 . _:b666208935 . _:b663519999 . _:b663913274 . _:b663519992 . _:b663913275 . _:b663913272 . _:b663913273 . _:b663519993 . _:b663913270 . _:b663913271 . _:b663913268 . _:b663519997 . _:b666239193 . _:b663913269 . _:b663913266 . _:b663913267 . _:b663913264 . _:b663913265 . _:b666239194 . _:b663913262 . _:b663913263 . _:b666209375 "If an entity is a quality at any time that it exists, then it is a quality at every time that it exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [105-001])"@en . _:b663913260 . _:b663913261 . _:b666209780 "diverticulum of gut"^^ . _:b663913258 . _:b663913259 . _:b663519875 _:b663519874 . _:b663913256 . _:b665805591 "WP:Stomach#In_other_animals"^^ . _:b663913257 . _:b666239221 _:b666239220 . _:b666208936 . _:b663913254 . _:b663913255 . _:b663913252 . _:b666239222 _:b666239221 . _:b663519995 . _:b663913253 . _:b663913250 . _:b663913251 . _:b663913248 . _:b666239216 _:b666239215 . _:b663913249 . _:b663519873 _:b663519872 . _:b663913246 . _:b663913247 . _:b663519879 _:b663519878 . _:b663913244 . _:b663913245 . _:b663913242 . _:b663913243 . _:b663913240 . _:b663913241 . _:b666239184 . _:b665860867 . _:b663519876 _:b663519880 . _:b663913238 . _:b663519878 _:b663519877 . _:b663913239 . _:b663913236 . _:b665806022 . _:b663913237 . _:b666239185 . _:b665798839 "intestinum ileum"^^ . _:b663913234 . _:b663913235 . _:b663913232 . _:b666239061 . _:b663913561 "3"^^ . _:b663913233 . _:b663913230 . _:b663913231 . _:b666239217 _:b666239216 . _:b663913228 . _:b666239062 . _:b663913229 . _:b663913226 . _:b663913227 . _:b663913224 . _:b663913225 . _:b663913222 . _:b666239210 _:b666239209 . _:b663913223 . _:b663913220 . _:b663913221 . _:b663913218 . _:b663519882 _:b663519881 . . _:b663519883 _:b663519882 . _:b663913219 . _:b663913216 . _:b663519880 _:b663519879 . _:b663519984 . _:b666239211 _:b666239210 . _:b663913217 . _:b663520145 . _:b663519884 _:b663519883 . _:b663913492 "MA"^^ . _:b663519887 _:b663519886 . _:b666239203 _:b666239206 . _:b663914036 "(forall (x) (if (ThreeDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [040-001] " . _:b663519886 _:b663519885 . _:b665862955 "The few structural specializations in (adult lampreys) pharynx include complex valves on the external gill openings that direct the tidal flow, and the division of the ancestral pharynx into an oesophagus and a respiratory pharynx.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663519894 _:b663519893 . _:b665860662 . _:b663519892 _:b663519891 . _:b663519893 _:b663519892 . _:b663519951 . _:b663519895 _:b663519897 . _:b663520065 "A bacterial infectious disease that results_in infection by bacteria as a result of their presence or activity within the normal, healthy host, and their intrinsic virulence is, in part, a necessary consequence of their need to reproduce and spread." . _:b663519890 _:b663519894 . _:b663519966 . _:b665797757 "A spatiotemporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of spacetime. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [095-001])"@en . _:b666239205 _:b666239204 . _:b666239214 _:b666239217 . _:b665798496 "All parts of temporal regions are temporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [101-001])"@en . _:b666239208 _:b666239211 . _:b666239206 _:b666239205 . _:b663516531 "(forall (x) (if (ThreeDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [040-001] " . _:b663519971 . _:b663519955 . _:b663519889 _:b663519888 . _:b663519983 . _:b666239173 . _:b666239174 . _:b663519976 . _:b663519961 . _:b666239175 . _:b663519964 . _:b663519897 _:b663519896 . _:b665805498 . _:b666239314 . _:b663519963 . _:b665806248 . _:b663519973 . _:b665798705 . _:b663519972 . _:b663519969 . _:b663519960 . _:b665860797 . _:b663519970 . _:b663519975 . _:b663519913 _:b663519912 . _:b665860798 . _:b663913522 "3"^^ . _:b665806263 . . _:b663519974 . _:b665860799 . _:b663519914 _:b663519917 . _:b663519962 . _:b663519912 _:b663519911 . _:b663519916 _:b663519915 . _:b663519917 _:b663519916 . _:b663913554 "ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.566"^^ . _:b666239320 . _:b663519906 _:b663519909 . _:b663914422 "Branch or outpocketing of the digestive tract."^^ . _:b665798690 . _:b663519908 _:b663519907 . _:b663519909 _:b663519908 . _:b665861353 . _:b663519910 _:b663519913 . _:b666239296 . _:b663519932 _:b663519931 . _:b665797670 . _:b666239301 . _:b663519932 _:b663519929 . _:b663520162 . _:b663520694 . _:b663519931 _:b663519930 . _:b663913202 . _:b663520693 . _:b663913203 . _:b663519927 _:b663519926 . _:b663913200 . _:b663519922 _:b663519919 . _:b663913201 . _:b666208684 "(forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [102-001] " . _:b665798001 "UMLS:C0014876"^^ . _:b663515780 "An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects " . _:b663519926 _:b663519925 . _:b663913206 . _:b663519927 _:b663519924 . _:b663913207 . _:b663519921 _:b663519920 . _:b666239308 . _:b663913204 . _:b663519922 _:b663519921 . _:b663515779 "An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects " . _:b663519872 _:b663519871 . _:b663913205 . _:b666239161 _:b666239162 . _:b663913210 . _:b665861369 . _:b663913211 . _:b666239149 _:b666239148 . . _:b663913208 . _:b666239150 _:b666239149 . _:b663519869 _:b663519868 . _:b663913209 . _:b663913214 . _:b666209526 "ncithesaurus:Large_Intestine"^^ . _:b663913215 . _:b663519870 _:b663519869 . _:b663913212 . _:b665860677 . _:b663913213 . _:b665806226 . _:b665860311 _:b665860310 . _:b663913186 . _:b663519866 _:b663519865 . _:b663519867 _:b663519870 . _:b663519864 _:b663519863 . _:b663913187 . _:b663519863 _:b663519862 . _:b666239147 _:b666239150 . _:b663913184 . _:b665860308 _:b665860307 . _:b665860309 _:b665860308 . _:b665805483 . _:b663913185 . _:b663519860 _:b663519859 . _:b665806239 . _:b663913190 . _:b663519861 _:b663519860 . _:b665860306 _:b665860305 . _:b663913191 . _:b663913188 . _:b663519858 _:b663519861 . _:b663913189 . _:b665860305 _:b665860304 . _:b663914251 "BTO:0001158"^^ . _:b663913194 . _:b665860317 _:b665860316 . _:b663913195 . _:b666239156 _:b666239159 . _:b663519857 _:b663519856 . _:b663913192 . _:b666239159 _:b666239158 . _:b663913193 . _:b663519849 _:b663519852 . _:b665860318 _:b665860317 . _:b665805275 . _:b663913198 . _:b666239158 _:b666239157 . _:b663519851 _:b663519850 . _:b663519848 _:b663519847 . _:b665860288 _:b665860287 . _:b665860312 _:b665860315 . _:b663913199 . _:b663519852 _:b663519851 . _:b663913196 . _:b665860314 _:b665860313 . _:b665860315 _:b665860314 . _:b663913197 . _:b663519855 _:b663519854 . _:b663913170 . _:b665860290 _:b665860289 . _:b665860291 _:b665860290 . _:b663913171 . _:b663519854 _:b663519853 . _:b663913168 . _:b666239269 _:b666239272 . _:b663519842 _:b663519841 . _:b663519843 _:b663519842 . _:b663913169 . _:b666239294 _:b666239297 . _:b663913174 . _:b663519840 _:b663519843 . _:b663913175 . _:b666239272 _:b666239271 . _:b663913172 . _:b665860293 _:b665860292 . _:b663913173 . _:b663519846 _:b663519845 . _:b665860294 _:b665860297 . _:b663516952 "2024-07-19T22:56:53.385453"^^ . _:b665860303 _:b665860306 . _:b663913178 . _:b663519845 _:b663519844 . _:b663913179 . _:b665860297 _:b665860296 . _:b666239277 _:b666239276 . _:b663913176 . _:b666239278 _:b666239277 . _:b666239264 _:b666239267 . _:b665860299 _:b665860298 . _:b666239255 . _:b663519824 _:b663519823 . _:b665860296 _:b665860295 . _:b663913177 . _:b666239267 _:b666239266 . _:b663519830 _:b663519829 . _:b663519831 _:b663519834 . _:b663519828 _:b663519827 . _:b665860300 _:b665860299 . _:b663913182 . _:b663913183 . _:b666239266 _:b666239265 . _:b663913180 . _:b663519827 _:b663519826 . _:b663913181 . _:b665860302 _:b665860301 . _:b663913154 . _:b665860348 _:b665860351 . _:b663913155 . _:b663519825 _:b663519824 . _:b665860351 _:b665860350 . _:b666239275 _:b666239278 . _:b666239271 _:b666239270 . _:b663519836 _:b663519835 . _:b665861304 . _:b663913152 . _:b665797810 "A one-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is extended. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [103-001])"@en . _:b663519837 _:b663519836 . _:b663913153 . _:b665860350 _:b665860349 . _:b663519839 _:b663519838 . _:b666239283 _:b666239286 . _:b663913158 . _:b663913159 . _:b665860345 _:b665860344 . _:b666239260 . _:b663913156 . _:b665860347 _:b665860346 . _:b663913157 . _:b665860344 _:b665860343 . _:b663519833 _:b663519832 . _:b663520724 "All parts of temporal regions are temporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [101-001])"@en . _:b666239234 . _:b663913162 . _:b663519834 _:b663519833 . _:b663913163 . _:b665862835 . _:b665860336 _:b665860335 . _:b665860342 _:b665860341 . _:b663913160 . _:b665860341 _:b665860340 . _:b663519810 _:b663519809 . _:b663913161 . _:b666239285 _:b666239284 . _:b663913166 . _:b666239286 _:b666239285 . _:b665860338 _:b665860337 . _:b665860339 _:b665860342 . _:b663913167 . _:b663519809 _:b663519808 . _:b663519815 _:b663519814 . _:b663913164 . _:b663519813 _:b663519816 . _:b663913165 . _:b665806348 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b663519812 _:b663519811 . _:b663913138 . _:b666239241 . _:b663913139 . _:b665863028 "NCBITaxon:32443"^^ . _:b665860329 _:b665860328 . _:b663913136 . _:b665860330 _:b665860333 . _:b663913137 . _:b666239235 _:b666239234 . _:b663519822 _:b663519825 . _:b663913142 . _:b665860332 _:b665860331 . _:b665860333 _:b665860332 . _:b663913514 "NCBITaxon:8782"^^ . _:b663519818 _:b663519817 . _:b663519819 _:b663519818 . _:b663519816 _:b663519815 . _:b665860320 _:b665860319 . _:b663913143 . _:b663913515 "NCBITaxon:8782"^^ . _:b666239234 _:b666239233 . _:b665860335 _:b665860334 . _:b663913140 . _:b663519821 _:b663519820 . _:b663521035 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b663913141 . _:b663913146 . _:b665860323 _:b665860322 . _:b663913147 . _:b663913144 . _:b663913145 . _:b663519785 _:b663519784 . _:b665860321 _:b665860324 . _:b665860327 _:b665860326 . _:b663913150 . _:b666239241 _:b666239240 . _:b663519786 _:b663519789 . _:b663515761 "All realizable dependent continuants have independent continuants that are not spatial regions as their bearers. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [060-002])"@en . _:b666239285 . _:b663519784 _:b663519783 . _:b666239242 _:b666239241 . _:b666239242 _:b666239239 . _:b663913151 . _:b666239243 _:b666239242 . _:b665860326 _:b665860325 . _:b663519788 _:b663519787 . _:b666239238 _:b666239243 . _:b665860324 _:b665860323 . _:b663913148 . _:b663519789 _:b663519788 . _:b663519776 _:b663519775 . _:b663913149 . _:b663519791 _:b663519790 . _:b663913122 . _:b665860226 _:b665860225 . _:b665860227 _:b665860226 . _:b663913123 . _:b663913120 . _:b666239232 _:b666239235 . _:b663519779 _:b663519778 . _:b663913121 . _:b666208610 "Every spatiotemporal region s is such that s occupies_spatiotemporal_region s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [107-002])"@en . _:b665860225 _:b665860224 . _:b665806280 "ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.566"^^ . _:b663519777 _:b663519779 . _:b663516130 . _:b663913126 . _:b666239258 _:b666239261 . _:b665798025 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b663913127 . _:b663914238 . _:b665860230 _:b665860229 . _:b663914239 . _:b666239255 _:b666239254 . _:b665798024 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b663914236 . _:b663913124 . _:b663914237 . _:b665860229 _:b665860228 . _:b663914234 . _:b663914235 . _:b665798027 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b663914232 . _:b663913125 . _:b663914233 . _:b665863042 . _:b663914230 . _:b663914231 . _:b666239266 . _:b665798026 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b663914228 . _:b663913130 . _:b663914229 . _:b665863043 . _:b663519781 _:b663519780 . _:b663914226 . _:b663914227 . _:b665798530 . _:b663914224 . _:b663516159 . _:b663913131 . _:b663914225 . _:b663914222 . _:b663519782 _:b663519785 . _:b663914223 . _:b665798531 . _:b663914220 . _:b663913128 . _:b663519804 _:b663519807 . _:b663914221 . _:b663914218 . _:b665860234 _:b665860233 . _:b663914219 . _:b666239271 . _:b666239261 _:b666239260 . _:b665860235 _:b665860234 . _:b663914216 . _:b665860232 _:b665860231 . _:b663913129 . _:b663914217 . _:b666239247 _:b666239248 . _:b663914214 . _:b663914215 . _:b665798529 . _:b663519807 _:b663519806 . _:b663914212 . _:b663516154 . _:b665860236 _:b665860235 . _:b663913134 . _:b663914213 . _:b663914210 . _:b663914211 . _:b663914208 . _:b663913135 . _:b663914209 . _:b663914206 . _:b663519806 _:b663519805 . _:b663914207 . _:b665860239 _:b665860238 . _:b663914204 . _:b666239260 _:b666239259 . _:b663913132 . _:b663914205 . _:b666239253 _:b666239256 . _:b663914202 . _:b663914203 . _:b663520205 . _:b663914200 . _:b663913133 . _:b663914201 . _:b663519801 _:b663519800 . _:b663914198 . _:b665860238 _:b665860237 . _:b663914199 . _:b663914196 . _:b663913106 . _:b663914197 . _:b663914194 . _:b663914195 . _:b663519803 _:b663519802 . _:b665798549 "(iff (GenericallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (exists (b t) (genericallyDependsOnAt a b t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [074-001] " . _:b663914192 . _:b663913107 . _:b663519800 _:b663519799 . _:b663914193 . _:b663914190 . _:b666239256 _:b666239255 . _:b665860246 _:b665860245 . _:b663914191 . _:b663914188 . _:b665860244 _:b665860243 . _:b663913104 . _:b663914189 . _:b663914186 . _:b665860247 _:b665860249 . _:b663914187 . _:b663914184 . _:b663913105 . _:b663519792 _:b663519791 . _:b663914185 . _:b663914182 . _:b663519798 _:b663519797 . _:b663914183 . _:b663914180 . _:b663913110 . _:b663914181 . _:b665860242 _:b665860244 . _:b663519797 _:b663519796 . _:b663914178 . _:b663914179 . _:b666239277 . _:b663914176 . _:b663913111 . _:b663914177 . _:b663914174 . _:b663914175 . _:b663914172 . _:b663913108 . _:b663914173 . _:b666209473 . _:b663914170 . _:b663519794 _:b663519793 . _:b663914171 . _:b663519795 _:b663519798 . _:b663914168 . _:b663913109 . _:b663914169 . _:b665860241 _:b665860240 . _:b663914166 . _:b663914167 . _:b665860252 _:b665860254 . _:b663914164 . _:b663913114 . _:b663914165 . _:b665797871 . _:b663914162 . _:b663914163 . _:b663914160 . _:b663913115 . _:b663914161 . _:b663914158 . _:b663914159 . _:b663913263 "(forall (x t) (if (and (RealizableEntity x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (specificallyDepends x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [063-002] " . _:b663914156 . _:b663913112 . _:b663914157 . _:b663914154 . _:b663519746 _:b663519745 . _:b663914155 . _:b663914152 . _:b663913113 . _:b663914153 . _:b663914150 . _:b665860254 _:b665860253 . _:b663914151 . _:b663914148 . _:b665797968 . _:b663913118 . _:b663914149 . _:b663914146 . _:b663914147 . _:b663914144 . _:b663913119 . _:b663914145 . _:b665860249 _:b665860248 . _:b663519745 _:b663519744 . _:b665860465 "(forall (x) (if (SpatialRegion x) (Continuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [035-001] " . _:b663914142 . _:b663914143 . _:b663519751 _:b663519750 . _:b663914140 . _:b663913116 . _:b663914141 . _:b666209610 "EHDAA2"^^ . _:b663914138 . _:b663914139 . _:b665860251 _:b665860250 . _:b663914136 . _:b663913117 . _:b663914137 . _:b663914134 . _:b663914135 . _:b666238261 . _:b663914132 . _:b663913090 . _:b663519748 _:b663519747 . _:b663914133 . _:b663519749 _:b663519748 . _:b663914130 . _:b663914131 . _:b663914128 . _:b663913091 . _:b665798584 . _:b663914129 . _:b663914126 . _:b663914127 . _:b663914124 . _:b666239217 . _:b663913088 . _:b663914125 . _:b663914122 . _:b665860266 _:b665860265 . _:b663914123 . _:b663519752 _:b663519754 . _:b663914120 . _:b665860264 _:b665860263 . _:b663913089 . _:b663914121 . _:b663914118 . _:b665860267 _:b665860269 . _:b663914119 . _:b663914116 . _:b666238451 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663913094 . _:b663914117 . _:b665860269 _:b665860268 . _:b663914265 "intestinum crassum cecum"^^ . _:b663914114 . _:b663519754 _:b663519753 . _:b663914115 . _:b663914112 . _:b665860256 _:b665860255 . _:b663913095 . _:b663914113 . _:b663914110 . _:b663914111 . _:b665860271 _:b665860270 . _:b665806287 "cjm"^^ . _:b665860740 "NCBITaxon:8782"^^ . _:b663913092 . _:b663519756 _:b663519755 . _:b663914108 . _:b663914109 . _:b663914106 . _:b663914107 . _:b665860741 "NCBITaxon:8782"^^ . _:b666239222 . _:b663913093 . _:b663519757 _:b663519759 . _:b663914104 . _:b663520212 . _:b663914105 . _:b663914102 . _:b663914103 . _:b663519759 _:b663519758 . _:b663914100 . _:b663913098 . _:b663914101 . _:b663914098 . _:b663914099 . _:b665860259 _:b665860258 . _:b663914096 . _:b665860615 . _:b663913099 . _:b663914097 . _:b663914094 . _:b663914095 . _:b663914092 . _:b666238917 "A one-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is extended. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [103-001])"@en . _:b665860257 _:b665860259 . _:b663913096 . _:b663914093 . _:b663914090 . _:b663914091 . _:b663914088 . _:b666238442 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663913097 . _:b663914089 . _:b666208872 "ceca"^^ . _:b663914086 . _:b663519766 _:b663519765 . _:b663914087 . _:b663914084 . _:b663913102 . _:b663519764 _:b663519763 . _:b663914085 . _:b663914082 . _:b663519767 _:b663519769 . _:b663914083 . _:b663914080 . _:b663913103 . _:b663914081 . _:b663914078 . _:b663914079 . _:b663914076 . _:b663913100 . _:b663914077 . _:b665860261 _:b665860260 . _:b665860285 _:b665860288 . _:b663519762 _:b663519764 . _:b663914074 . _:b663914075 . _:b665806278 "cjm"^^ . _:b663914072 . _:b663913101 . _:b663914073 . _:b665860262 _:b665860264 . _:b663914070 . _:b663914071 . _:b663914068 . _:b665860284 _:b665860283 . _:b663913074 . _:b663914069 . _:b663914066 . _:b663914067 . _:b663914064 . _:b663913075 . _:b663914065 . _:b663519761 _:b663519760 . _:b663914062 . _:b663914063 . _:b665860287 _:b665860286 . _:b663519772 _:b663519774 . _:b663519989 "Every spatiotemporal region s is such that s occupies_spatiotemporal_region s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [107-002])"@en . _:b663913072 . _:b663914060 . _:b663914061 . _:b663914058 . _:b663914059 . _:b663914056 . _:b663913073 . _:b663914057 . _:b663914054 . _:b663516732 . _:b665798827 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663914055 . _:b663914052 . _:b663516733 . _:b663913078 . _:b663914053 . _:b663914050 . _:b663914051 . _:b663914048 . _:b666238432 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663913079 . _:b663914049 . _:b665860281 _:b665860280 . _:b663914046 . _:b663519774 _:b663519773 . _:b663914047 . _:b663914044 . _:b663913076 . _:b663914045 . _:b663914042 . _:b665860282 _:b665860281 . _:b663914043 . _:b663914040 . _:b663913077 . _:b663914041 . _:b666239315 _:b666239314 . _:b666239140 . _:b663519769 _:b663519768 . _:b663914038 . _:b663914039 . _:b665860279 _:b665860278 . _:b663914036 . _:b663516731 . _:b663913082 . _:b663914037 . _:b663914034 . _:b663914035 . _:b663519771 _:b663519770 . _:b663914032 . _:b663913083 . _:b663914033 . _:b663914030 . _:b666239314 _:b666239313 . _:b665860278 _:b665860277 . _:b663914031 . _:b663520129 _:b663520128 . _:b663914028 . _:b665860630 . _:b663516076 . _:b665860276 _:b665860279 . _:b663913080 . _:b663914029 . _:b663914026 . _:b666239324 _:b666239323 . _:b663520130 _:b663520129 . _:b663914027 . _:b666239325 _:b666239324 . _:b663914024 . _:b663516048 "2012-08-14"^^ . _:b663913081 . _:b663914025 . _:b663914022 . _:b663914023 . _:b663914020 . _:b663913086 . _:b663914021 . _:b663914018 . _:b665860274 _:b665860273 . _:b663914019 . _:b665860275 _:b665860274 . _:b663914016 . _:b663913087 . _:b663914017 . _:b663914014 . _:b665862953 . _:b665798817 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663914015 . _:b663520135 _:b663520134 . _:b663914012 . _:b666239312 _:b666239315 . _:b663913084 . _:b663914013 . _:b663516720 . _:b663914010 . _:b663914011 . _:b663914008 . _:b665860272 _:b665860275 . _:b663913085 . _:b663914009 . _:b663914006 . _:b663520136 _:b663520139 . _:b663914007 . _:b666239321 _:b666239320 . _:b663520134 _:b663520132 . _:b663914004 . _:b663913058 . _:b663914005 . _:b663914002 . _:b663516719 . _:b663914003 . _:b663914000 . _:b666239322 _:b666239321 . _:b666239296 _:b666239295 . _:b663913059 . _:b663914001 . _:b666239323 _:b666239322 . _:b663913998 . _:b663913999 . _:b665806117 "p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003])"@en . _:b663516789 . _:b663913996 . _:b663913056 . _:b663913997 . _:b665862303 "intestinum ileum"^^ . _:b663913994 . _:b663913995 . _:b663913992 . _:b663516718 . _:b663913057 . _:b663520138 _:b663520137 . _:b663913993 . _:b663913990 . _:b663913991 . _:b663913988 . _:b665860396 _:b665860399 . _:b663913062 . _:b663913989 . _:b663913986 . _:b665806383 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b663913987 . _:b663520139 _:b663520138 . _:b663913984 . _:b663516067 . _:b665860384 _:b665860383 . _:b663913063 . _:b663913985 . _:b665860399 _:b665860398 . _:b666239297 _:b666239296 . _:b663913060 . _:b663913061 . _:b666239301 _:b666239300 . _:b663520131 _:b663520135 . _:b665860398 _:b665860397 . _:b663913066 . _:b666239302 _:b666239301 . _:b666238423 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b666239306 _:b666239309 . _:b665860387 _:b665860386 . _:b663913067 . _:b663913064 . _:b665805627 "ceca"^^ . _:b665860385 _:b665860387 . _:b663913065 . _:b663913070 . _:b663913071 . _:b663913068 . _:b663520147 _:b663520146 . _:b666239309 _:b666239308 . _:b663914456 . _:b663913069 . _:b663914457 . _:b663914454 . _:b663914455 . _:b666239299 _:b666239302 . _:b663914452 . _:b665860412 _:b665860411 . _:b663913042 . _:b663914453 . _:b663914450 . _:b665798836 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663914451 . _:b665806311 . _:b663914448 . _:b665860606 _:b665860609 . _:b663913043 . _:b663520132 _:b663520133 . _:b663520146 _:b663520145 . _:b663914449 . _:b663914446 . _:b663914447 . _:b663914444 . _:b666239308 _:b666239307 . _:b663913040 . _:b663914445 . _:b663516822 "the portion of the small intestine that extends from the jejunum to the colon"^^ . _:b663914442 . _:b663914443 . _:b663914440 . _:b665860412 _:b665860409 . _:b663913041 . _:b663914441 . _:b663914438 . _:b663914439 . _:b665806333 "cjm"^^ . _:b663914436 . _:b663913046 . _:b663914437 . _:b665860411 _:b665860410 . _:b663914434 . _:b663914435 . _:b665806332 "cjm"^^ . _:b663914432 . _:b663913047 . _:b663914433 . _:b663914430 . _:b663520144 _:b663520147 . _:b663914431 . _:b663914428 . _:b663913044 . _:b663914429 . _:b663914426 . _:b663914427 . _:b663914424 . _:b663913045 . _:b663914425 . _:b663914422 . _:b663914423 . _:b665860407 _:b665860406 . _:b663914420 . _:b663913050 . _:b663914421 . _:b663914418 . _:b663914419 . _:b663914416 . _:b663516047 . _:b663913051 . _:b663914417 . _:b663914414 . _:b665860406 _:b665860405 . _:b663914415 . _:b663914412 . _:b665860404 _:b665860407 . _:b663913048 . _:b663914413 . _:b663520191 _:b663520194 . _:b663914410 . _:b663914411 . _:b663914408 . _:b663913049 . _:b663914409 . _:b663914406 . _:b663914407 . _:b663914404 . _:b663913054 . _:b663914405 . _:b663914402 . _:b665860402 _:b665860401 . _:b663521009 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b663914403 . _:b665860403 _:b665860402 . _:b663914400 . _:b663516022 "2012-08-14"^^ . _:b663913055 . _:b663914401 . _:b663914398 . _:b663914399 . _:b663914396 . _:b663913052 . _:b663914397 . _:b663914394 . _:b663516067 "the portion of the small intestine that extends from the duodenum to the ileum"^^ . _:b663914395 . _:b663914392 . _:b665860400 _:b665860403 . _:b663913053 . _:b663914393 . _:b663914390 . _:b663520174 _:b663520171 . _:b663914391 . _:b663520175 _:b663520174 . _:b663914388 . _:b663913026 . _:b663914389 . _:b663914386 . _:b665860354 _:b665860353 . _:b663914387 . _:b663520173 _:b663520172 . _:b663914384 . _:b663913027 . _:b663914385 . _:b663914382 . _:b663520174 _:b663520173 . _:b663914383 . _:b663914380 . _:b666238397 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663913024 . _:b663914381 . _:b663914378 . _:b663914379 . _:b663914376 . _:b663913025 . _:b663914377 . _:b665860353 _:b665860352 . _:b663914374 . _:b663914375 . _:b665860359 _:b665860358 . _:b663914372 . _:b663913030 . _:b663914373 . _:b665860357 _:b665860360 . _:b663914370 . _:b665798808 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663914371 . _:b663914368 . _:b663913031 . _:b663914369 . _:b663914366 . _:b663914367 . _:b663914364 . _:b665860356 _:b665860355 . _:b663913028 . _:b663914365 . _:b665862747 "(forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [038-001] " . _:b663914362 . _:b663914363 . _:b663914360 . _:b663913029 . _:b663914361 . _:b663914358 . _:b663914359 . _:b663914356 . _:b663913034 . _:b663914357 . _:b663914354 . _:b663520170 _:b663520175 . _:b663914355 . _:b665860366 _:b665860370 . _:b663914352 . _:b663913035 . _:b663914353 . _:b663914350 . _:b663914351 . _:b663914348 . _:b663913032 . _:b663914349 . _:b663914346 . _:b665860362 _:b665860361 . _:b663914347 . _:b665860363 _:b665860362 . _:b663914344 . _:b665860360 _:b665860359 . _:b663914307 "3"^^ . _:b663913033 . _:b663914345 . _:b663914342 . _:b663914343 . _:b663520176 _:b663520180 . _:b663914340 . _:b663913038 . _:b663914341 . _:b665861500 "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665860365 _:b665860364 . _:b663914338 . _:b663914339 . _:b663914336 . _:b663516672 . _:b663914317 "3"^^ . _:b663913039 . _:b663914337 . _:b663914334 . _:b663914335 . _:b663914332 . _:b663516673 . _:b663913036 . _:b663520181 _:b663520185 . _:b663914333 . _:b663914330 . _:b663520184 _:b663520183 . _:b663914331 . _:b663914328 . _:b663516057 . _:b663913037 . _:b663914329 . _:b663520185 _:b663520184 . _:b663520185 _:b663520182 . _:b663914326 . _:b666209680 "middle intestine"^^ . _:b663914327 . _:b663914324 . _:b663913010 . _:b663914325 . _:b663914322 . _:b663914323 . _:b663914320 . _:b665860368 _:b665860367 . _:b663913011 . _:b663914321 . _:b663914318 . _:b665860374 _:b665860373 . _:b663914319 . _:b663914316 . _:b665860372 _:b665860371 . _:b663913008 . _:b663914317 . _:b665860373 _:b665860372 . _:b663914314 . _:b663914315 . _:b663914312 . _:b663913009 . _:b663520180 _:b663520177 . _:b663914313 . _:b663914310 . _:b663914311 . _:b663914308 . _:b663913014 . _:b663520180 _:b663520179 . _:b663914309 . _:b663914306 . _:b663516795 . _:b665860370 _:b665860369 . _:b663914307 . _:b663914304 . _:b663913015 . _:b663914305 . _:b663914302 . _:b663914303 . _:b663914300 . _:b663913012 . _:b663914301 . _:b663914298 . _:b663914299 . _:b663914296 . _:b663516794 . _:b663913013 . _:b663914297 . _:b665860369 _:b665860368 . _:b665860380 _:b665860384 . _:b663914294 . _:b663914295 . _:b663914292 . _:b663914326 "3"^^ . _:b663913018 . _:b663914293 . _:b663520179 _:b663520178 . _:b663914290 . _:b663914291 . _:b665862896 "VHOG:0000056"^^ . _:b663914288 . _:b666238372 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663913019 . _:b663914289 . _:b663914286 . _:b663914287 . _:b665860383 _:b665860382 . _:b663914284 . _:b666209733 . _:b663913016 . _:b663914285 . _:b663515919 "intestinum crassum"^^ . _:b665798416 . _:b663914282 . _:b663914283 . _:b663914280 . _:b663913017 . _:b663914281 . _:b663914278 . _:b665860382 _:b665860381 . _:b663914279 . _:b663914276 . _:b663913022 . _:b663914277 . _:b663914274 . _:b663914275 . _:b663914272 . _:b666238360 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663913023 . _:b663914273 . _:b665860377 _:b665860376 . _:b663914270 . _:b663914271 . _:b663914268 . _:b663913020 . _:b663914269 . _:b663914266 . _:b663516734 "ncithesaurus:Esophagus"^^ . _:b663914267 . _:b665860379 _:b665860378 . _:b663914264 . _:b666209728 . _:b665860376 _:b665860375 . _:b663913021 . _:b663914265 . _:b663914262 . _:b665862779 "b is a process_profile =Def. there is some process c such that b process_profile_of c (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [093-002])"@en . _:b663914263 . _:b663914260 . _:b663912994 . _:b663914261 . _:b663914258 . _:b663914259 . _:b663914256 . _:b666239031 . _:b663912995 . _:b663914257 . _:b663914254 . _:b666238833 "(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (continuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [009-002] " . _:b665798757 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663914255 . _:b663914252 . _:b663516004 . _:b663912992 . _:b663914253 . _:b663914250 . _:b663914251 . _:b663914248 . _:b663912993 . _:b663914249 . _:b663914246 . _:b663914247 . _:b663914244 . _:b663912998 . _:b663914245 . _:b663914242 . _:b663914243 . _:b663914240 . _:b663912999 . _:b663914241 . _:b663913726 . _:b663913727 . _:b663913724 . _:b663912996 . _:b663913725 . _:b665805590 "VHOG:0000408"^^ . _:b663913722 . _:b665805357 "(forall (x y) (if (and (TemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (TemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [101-001] " . _:b665798782 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663913723 . _:b663913720 . _:b663912997 . _:b663913721 . _:b663913718 . _:b663515596 . _:b663913719 . _:b663913716 . _:b663913002 . _:b663913717 . _:b663913714 . _:b663515597 . _:b665798503 "A spatiotemporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of spacetime. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [095-001])"@en . _:b663913715 . _:b663913712 . _:b663913003 . _:b663913713 . _:b663913710 . _:b663515598 . _:b663520193 _:b663520192 . _:b663913711 . _:b665797939 "AAO:0000246"^^ . _:b663913000 . _:b663913708 . _:b663913709 . _:b663913706 . _:b663520194 _:b663520193 . _:b663515599 . _:b663913707 . _:b663913704 . _:b663913001 . _:b663913705 . _:b663913702 . _:b663515592 . _:b663913703 . _:b663913700 . _:b666238347 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663913006 . _:b663913701 . _:b663913698 . _:b663515593 . _:b663913699 . _:b663913696 . _:b663516768 . _:b663913007 . _:b663913697 . _:b663913694 . _:b663515594 . _:b663913695 . _:b663913692 . _:b663913004 . _:b663913693 . _:b663913690 . _:b663516769 . _:b663515595 . _:b663520223 _:b663520224 . _:b663913691 . _:b663913688 . _:b663913005 . _:b663913689 . _:b663913686 . _:b663515588 . _:b663913687 . _:b663913684 . _:b663912978 . _:b663913685 . _:b663913682 . _:b663515589 . _:b663913683 . _:b663913680 . _:b663912979 . _:b663913681 . _:b663913678 . _:b663515590 . _:b663913679 . _:b663913676 . _:b663516020 . _:b663912976 . _:b663913677 . _:b663913674 . _:b663520200 _:b663520199 . _:b663515591 . _:b663913675 . _:b663913672 . _:b663912977 . _:b663913673 . _:b663520201 _:b663520200 . _:b663913670 . _:b663515584 . _:b663913671 . _:b663913668 . _:b663516767 . _:b663912982 . _:b663913669 . _:b663913666 . _:b663515585 . _:b663913667 . _:b663913664 . _:b663912983 . _:b663520198 _:b663520201 . _:b663913665 . _:b663913662 . _:b663515586 . _:b663913663 . _:b663913660 . _:b663912980 . _:b663913661 . _:b663913658 . _:b663515587 . _:b663913659 . _:b663913656 . _:b663912981 . _:b663913657 . _:b663913654 . _:b663515612 . _:b666239058 . _:b663913655 . _:b663913652 . _:b663912986 . _:b663913653 . _:b663913650 . _:b665798732 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663515613 . _:b663913651 . _:b663913648 . _:b663912987 . _:b663913649 . _:b663913646 . _:b663515614 . _:b663913647 . _:b663913644 . _:b663912984 . _:b663913645 . _:b663913642 . _:b663515615 . _:b666239063 . _:b663913643 . _:b663913640 . _:b663912985 . _:b663913641 . _:b663913638 . _:b663515608 . _:b663913639 . _:b663913636 . _:b663912990 . _:b663913637 . _:b663913634 . _:b663520035 . _:b663913635 . _:b663515609 . _:b663913632 . _:b663912991 . _:b663913633 . _:b663913630 . _:b663515610 . _:b663913631 . _:b663913628 . _:b663912988 . _:b663913629 . _:b663520037 . _:b663913626 . _:b663520025 . _:b663515611 . _:b663913627 . _:b663520027 . _:b663912989 . _:b663913624 . _:b663913625 . _:b663520026 . _:b663913622 . _:b663515604 . _:b663913623 . _:b663913620 . _:b663913621 . _:b663520024 . _:b663913618 . _:b663520033 . _:b665861553 "MP:0002581"^^ . _:b663913619 . _:b663515605 . _:b663913616 . _:b663913617 . _:b663516751 . _:b663913614 . _:b663520032 . _:b663913615 . _:b663515606 . _:b663520028 . _:b665860436 _:b665860435 . _:b663913612 . _:b663913613 . _:b665861554 "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663913610 . _:b663515607 . _:b663913611 . _:b663913608 . _:b663520039 . _:b663913609 . _:b663520029 . _:b663520034 . _:b663913606 . _:b663520036 . _:b663913607 . _:b663515600 . _:b663913604 . _:b663912966 . _:b663520038 . _:b665860434 _:b665860436 . _:b663913605 . _:b663913602 . _:b663520021 . _:b663913603 . _:b663515601 . _:b663913600 . _:b663516744 . _:b663515971 . _:b663912967 . _:b663913601 . _:b663520022 . _:b665798745 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663913598 . _:b663515602 . _:b663913599 . _:b663913596 . _:b663521055 "VHOG:0000053"^^ . _:b663913597 . _:b663913594 . _:b663520016 . _:b663913595 . _:b663515603 . _:b663520020 . _:b663913592 . _:b663520018 . _:b663913593 . _:b665860433 _:b665860432 . _:b663913590 . _:b663520017 . _:b663913591 . _:b663515628 . _:b663520019 . _:b663912970 . _:b663913588 . _:b663913589 . _:b663913586 . _:b663515629 . _:b663913587 . _:b663913584 . _:b663912971 . _:b663913585 . _:b663520023 . _:b663913582 . _:b663515630 . _:b663913583 . _:b663913580 . _:b663912968 . _:b663913581 . _:b663913578 . _:b663515631 . _:b663913579 . _:b663913576 . _:b663515997 . _:b663912969 . _:b663913577 . _:b663913574 . _:b663515624 . _:b663913575 . _:b663913572 . _:b663912974 . _:b663913573 . _:b665861264 . _:b663913570 . _:b663515625 . _:b663913571 . _:b663520051 . _:b663912975 . _:b663913568 . _:b663520055 . _:b663913569 . _:b663913566 . _:b663515626 . _:b663913567 . _:b663913564 . _:b663912972 . _:b663913565 . _:b663913562 . _:b665860416 _:b665860415 . _:b663515627 . _:b663913563 . _:b663913560 . _:b663912973 . _:b663913561 . _:b665860417 _:b665860414 . _:b663913558 . _:b665861268 . _:b663515620 . _:b663913559 . _:b663520012 . _:b663913458 . _:b663913556 . _:b663913557 . _:b665860428 _:b665860430 . _:b663913554 . _:b665861269 . _:b663515621 . _:b663913555 . _:b663913552 . _:b663913459 . _:b663913346 . _:b663913553 . _:b663913550 . _:b665862977 "FMA:14541"^^ . _:b663515622 . _:b663913551 . _:b663520054 . _:b663913456 . _:b663913548 . _:b663913549 . _:b663913546 . _:b665861486 "caeca"^^ . _:b663515623 . _:b663913547 . _:b663913544 . _:b663913457 . _:b663520053 . _:b665860417 _:b665860416 . _:b663913545 . _:b663913542 . _:b663515616 . _:b663913543 . _:b663913540 . _:b663913462 . _:b663913197 . _:b663520052 . _:b663913541 . _:b663913538 . _:b663515617 . _:b665860421 _:b665860420 . _:b663913539 . _:b663913536 . _:b663913463 . _:b663913537 . _:b663913534 . _:b665860422 _:b665860421 . _:b663515618 . _:b666239052 . _:b665861278 . _:b663913535 . _:b663913532 . _:b663515984 . _:b663913460 . _:b663913533 . _:b665860715 . _:b663913530 . _:b663515619 . _:b665861279 . _:b663913531 . _:b663913528 . _:b663913461 . _:b663913192 . _:b665806090 "(forall (x t) (if (IndependentContinuant x) (exists (r) (and (SpatialRegion r) (locatedInAt x r t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [134-001] " . _:b663913529 . _:b663913526 . _:b665860422 _:b665860419 . _:b663515644 . _:b665861276 . _:b665860427 _:b665860424 . _:b663913527 . _:b663913524 . _:b663913466 . _:b663913525 . _:b663913522 . _:b665860431 _:b665860433 . _:b663515645 . _:b665861277 . _:b663913523 . _:b663913520 . _:b665860426 _:b665860425 . _:b663913467 . _:b663913521 . _:b663913518 . _:b663520005 . _:b663913519 . _:b663515646 . _:b663913516 . _:b665861250 . _:b663913464 . _:b663913517 . _:b665805391 "(forall (x) (if (Role x) (RealizableEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [061-001] " . _:b663913514 . _:b663520006 . _:b665860427 _:b665860426 . _:b663913515 . _:b663515647 . _:b663520063 . _:b665861251 . _:b663913465 . _:b663913512 . _:b663913513 . _:b663913510 . _:b663515640 . _:b663913511 . _:b663520062 . _:b663913470 . _:b663913508 . _:b663520056 . _:b663913509 . _:b663913506 . _:b663520057 . _:b663913507 . _:b663515641 . _:b663520007 . _:b663913471 . _:b663913504 . _:b663913505 . _:b663913502 . _:b663515642 . _:b663913503 . _:b663913500 . _:b663914268 "3"^^ . _:b663913468 . _:b663913501 . _:b663913498 . _:b663515643 . _:b663913499 . _:b663913496 . _:b663913469 . _:b663913497 . _:b663913494 . _:b665860430 _:b665860429 . _:b663520058 . _:b663913495 . _:b663515636 . _:b663913492 . _:b663520849 . _:b663913442 . _:b663913493 . _:b663520004 . _:b663913490 . _:b663520002 . _:b663913491 . _:b663515637 . _:b663913488 . _:b663913443 . _:b663913489 . _:b663913486 . _:b663520003 . _:b663913487 . _:b663515638 . _:b663913484 . _:b666239045 . _:b666238301 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663913440 . _:b663913187 . _:b663913485 . _:b663913482 . _:b663515639 . _:b663913483 . _:b663913480 . _:b663913441 . _:b663520060 . _:b663913481 . _:b663520000 . _:b663520001 . _:b663913478 . _:b663515632 . _:b663913479 . _:b663913476 . _:b666238291 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663913446 . _:b663520061 . _:b663913477 . _:b663913474 . _:b663515633 . _:b663913475 . _:b663520014 . _:b663913447 . _:b663913182 . _:b663913472 . _:b663913473 . _:b663520050 . _:b663913982 . _:b663515634 . _:b663913983 . _:b663520015 . _:b663913444 . _:b663913980 . _:b663913981 . _:b663520008 . _:b663913978 . _:b663520013 . _:b663913979 . _:b663515635 . _:b663520048 . _:b663913445 . _:b663913976 . _:b663913977 . _:b665861263 . _:b663913974 . _:b665805742 . _:b663913975 . _:b663515532 . _:b663520059 . _:b663913450 . _:b663913972 . _:b663913973 . _:b663520049 . _:b665797943 . _:b663913970 . _:b663520010 . _:b665805737 . _:b663913971 . _:b663515533 . _:b663520011 . _:b663913968 . _:b663913451 . _:b663521146 "The first chamber in the alimentary canal of a ruminant stomach, composed of the rumen and reticulum."^^ . _:b663913969 . _:b663913966 . _:b663515534 . _:b666239072 . _:b663913967 . _:b663913964 . _:b663913448 . _:b663913965 . _:b663913962 . _:b663515535 . _:b666239079 . _:b663913963 . _:b663520009 . _:b663913449 . _:b663913960 . _:b663913961 . _:b663913958 . _:b663515528 . _:b663913959 . _:b663913956 . _:b663913454 . _:b663913957 . _:b663913954 . _:b663515529 . _:b663913955 . _:b663913952 . _:b663913455 . _:b663913953 . . _:b663913950 . _:b663520047 . _:b663913951 . _:b663515530 . _:b663520042 . _:b663913452 . . _:b663913948 . _:b663913949 . . _:b663913946 . _:b663520041 . _:b663913947 . _:b663515531 . _:b663913944 . _:b663913453 . . _:b663913945 . _:b663913942 . _:b663515524 . _:b663913943 . _:b663913940 . _:b663913426 . _:b663913941 . _:b663913938 . _:b663515525 . _:b663913939 . _:b663520046 . _:b663913427 . _:b663913936 . _:b663913937 . _:b663520040 . _:b663913934 . _:b663515729 "(iff (IndependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (not (exists (b t) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [017-002] " . _:b663913935 . _:b663515526 . _:b663913932 . _:b663913424 . _:b663913933 . _:b663913930 . _:b663520045 . _:b663913931 . _:b663515527 . _:b663913928 . _:b663913425 . _:b663913929 . _:b663913926 . _:b663515520 . _:b663913927 . _:b663520044 . _:b663913430 . _:b663913924 . _:b663913925 . _:b663520043 . _:b663913922 . _:b663515521 . _:b663913923 . _:b663913920 . _:b663913431 . _:b663913921 . _:b663913918 . _:b663515522 . _:b663913919 . _:b663913916 . _:b663520871 . _:b663913428 . _:b663913917 . _:b663913914 . _:b663515523 . _:b663913915 . _:b663520031 . _:b663913429 . _:b663913912 . _:b663913913 . _:b665860516 "(forall (x) (if (ThreeDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [040-001] " . _:b663913910 . _:b663515548 . _:b663913911 . _:b663520030 . _:b663913434 . _:b663913908 . _:b663913909 . _:b663913906 . _:b663516823 . _:b663515549 . _:b663913907 . _:b663913904 . _:b663913435 . _:b663913905 . _:b663913902 . _:b663515550 . _:b663913903 . _:b663913900 . _:b663515916 . _:b663913432 . _:b663913901 . _:b663913898 . _:b665798011 "VHOG:0001751"^^ . _:b663515551 . _:b663913899 . _:b663913896 . _:b666238387 "intestinum caecum"^^ . _:b663913433 . _:b663913897 . _:b663913894 . _:b663515544 . _:b665861280 . _:b663913895 . _:b663913892 . _:b663913438 . _:b663913893 . _:b663913890 . _:b663515545 . _:b666238997 . _:b665861281 . _:b663913891 . _:b663913888 . _:b663913439 . _:b663913889 . _:b665862294 "mid-intestine"^^ . _:b663913886 . _:b663515546 . _:b663913887 . _:b663913884 . _:b665861501 "ncithesaurus:Colon"^^ . _:b663913436 . _:b663913885 . _:b663520918 . _:b663913882 . _:b663515547 . _:b663913883 . _:b663913880 . _:b663913437 . _:b663913881 . _:b663913878 . _:b663515540 . _:b666239184 . _:b666239002 . _:b663913879 . _:b663913876 . _:b663913410 . _:b663913877 . _:b663913874 . _:b663515541 . _:b666239185 . _:b663913875 . _:b663913872 . _:b665805631 "intestinum crassum cecum"^^ . _:b663913411 . _:b663913873 . _:b663913870 . _:b663515542 . _:b663913871 . _:b663913868 . _:b663913408 . _:b663913869 . _:b663913866 . _:b663515543 . _:b663913867 . _:b663913864 . _:b666208810 . _:b663516814 . _:b663913409 . _:b663913865 . _:b663913862 . _:b663515536 . _:b663913863 . _:b663913860 . _:b663913414 . _:b663913861 . _:b663913858 . _:b663515537 . _:b663913859 . _:b663913856 . _:b663913415 . _:b663913857 . _:b663913854 . _:b663515538 . _:b666239194 . _:b663913855 . _:b663913852 . _:b663913412 . _:b663913853 . _:b663913850 . _:b665798686 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663515539 . _:b663913851 . _:b663913848 . _:b663520886 . _:b663913413 . _:b663913849 . _:b663913846 . _:b663515564 . _:b663913847 . _:b663913844 . _:b663913418 . _:b663913845 . _:b663516806 . _:b663913842 . _:b663515565 . _:b666239193 . _:b663913843 . _:b663913840 . _:b663516804 . _:b663913419 . _:b663913841 . _:b663913838 . _:b663515566 . _:b663913839 . _:b663913836 . _:b663913416 . _:b663913837 . _:b663913834 . _:b663515567 . _:b663913835 . _:b663913832 . _:b663913417 . _:b663913833 . _:b663516805 . _:b663913830 . _:b663515560 . _:b663913831 . _:b663913828 . _:b666208910 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b665805370 "(forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (TemporalRegion y) (temporallyProjectsOnto x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [098-001] " . _:b663913422 . _:b663913829 . _:b663913826 . _:b663515561 . _:b665862704 "Temporal region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of a temporal instant and a temporal interval that doesn't overlap the instant. In this case the resultant temporal region is neither 0-dimensional nor 1-dimensional"@en . _:b663913827 . _:b663913824 . _:b663913423 . _:b663913825 . _:b663913822 . _:b663515562 . _:b663913823 . _:b663913820 . _:b663913420 . _:b663913821 . _:b663913818 . _:b663515563 . _:b666238987 . _:b663913819 . _:b663913816 . _:b663913421 . _:b663913817 . _:b663913814 . _:b663515556 . _:b663913815 . _:b663913812 . _:b663913394 . _:b663913813 . _:b663913810 . _:b665798676 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663515557 . _:b663913811 . _:b663913808 . _:b663913395 . _:b663913809 . _:b663913806 . _:b663515558 . _:b666239174 . _:b663913807 . _:b663913804 . _:b663913392 . _:b663913805 . _:b663913802 . _:b663515559 . _:b666239175 . _:b663913803 . _:b663913800 . _:b663515925 . _:b663913393 . _:b663913801 . _:b663913798 . _:b666209441 "url:http://www.health.state.ny.us/diseases/communicable/campylobacteriosis/fact_sheet.htm" . _:b663515552 . _:b663913799 . _:b663913796 . _:b663913398 . _:b663913797 . _:b663913794 . _:b663515553 . _:b666239173 . _:b663913795 . _:b663913792 . _:b663913399 . _:b663913793 . _:b663913790 . _:b663515554 . _:b663913791 . _:b663913788 . _:b663913396 . _:b663913789 . _:b663913786 . _:b663515555 . _:b663913787 . _:b663913784 . _:b663913397 . _:b663913785 . _:b663913782 . _:b665797958 . _:b663515580 . _:b663913783 . _:b663913780 . _:b663913402 . _:b663913781 . _:b663913778 . _:b663515581 . _:b666239025 . _:b663913779 . _:b663913776 . _:b663913403 . _:b663913777 . _:b663913774 . _:b663515582 . _:b663913775 . _:b663913772 . _:b663913400 . _:b663520124 _:b663520123 . _:b663913773 . _:b663913770 . _:b663515583 . _:b663913771 . _:b663913768 . _:b663913401 . _:b663913769 . _:b663913766 . _:b663515576 . _:b663913767 . _:b663913764 . _:b663913406 . _:b663913765 . _:b663516918 . _:b663516918 "FBbt:00100316"^^ . _:b663913762 . _:b663515577 . _:b663913763 . _:b663913760 . _:b663913407 . _:b663913761 . _:b663913758 . _:b665798806 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b663913759 . _:b663515578 . _:b663913756 . _:b663913404 . _:b663913757 . _:b663520123 _:b663520122 . _:b663913754 . _:b663515579 . _:b663913755 . _:b663913752 . _:b663913405 . _:b663913753 . _:b663516917 . _:b663515777 . _:b663913750 . _:b663515572 . _:b663913751 . _:b663913748 . _:b663913378 . _:b663913749 . _:b663913746 . _:b663520116 _:b663520119 . _:b663515573 . _:b663913747 . _:b663913744 . _:b665860560 _:b665860559 . _:b663913379 . _:b663913745 . _:b663913742 . _:b665860568 _:b665860571 . _:b663520110 _:b663520111 . _:b663515574 . _:b663520119 _:b663520118 . _:b663913743 . _:b663913740 . _:b663913376 . _:b663913741 . _:b663515778 . _:b663913738 . _:b663515575 . _:b665798052 . _:b663520121 _:b663520124 . _:b663913739 . _:b663913736 . _:b663913377 . _:b663913737 . _:b663913734 . _:b663515568 . _:b663913735 . _:b663913732 . _:b663516905 . _:b663913382 . _:b663520118 _:b663520117 . _:b663913733 . _:b663913730 . _:b663515569 . _:b663913731 . _:b663913728 . _:b663913383 . _:b663913729 . _:b663515570 . _:b663913380 . _:b663515571 . _:b663913381 . _:b663515468 . _:b663913386 . _:b663515469 . _:b663913387 . _:b663515470 . _:b666239008 . _:b663913384 . _:b663515471 . _:b663913385 . _:b663515464 . _:b663913390 . _:b663520064 . _:b663515465 . _:b666239013 . _:b663913391 . _:b665860570 _:b665860569 . _:b663515466 . _:b663520120 _:b663520121 . _:b663913388 . _:b663520109 _:b663520108 . _:b663515467 . _:b665860571 _:b665860570 . _:b663913389 . _:b663913362 . _:b663520109 _:b663520106 . _:b663520096 _:b663520095 . _:b663515461 . _:b666239017 . _:b663913363 . _:b663520933 . _:b663520108 _:b663520107 . _:b663515462 . _:b663913360 . _:b665797760 "Each spatiotemporal region projects_onto some temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [098-001])"@en . _:b663515463 . _:b663913361 . _:b663913366 . _:b665860575 _:b665860576 . _:b663913367 . _:b663520097 _:b663520096 . _:b663520115 _:b663520116 . _:b665860557 _:b665860560 . _:b663913364 . _:b663520105 _:b663520109 . _:b666208991 . _:b663913365 . _:b663515484 . _:b665798018 "A cecum is present in most amniote species, and also in lungfish, but not in any living species of amphibian. In reptiles, it is usually a single median structure, arising from the dorsal side of the large intestine. Birds typically have two paired ceca, as, unlike other mammals, do hyraxes. Most mammalian herbivores have a relatively large cecum, hosting a large number of bacteria, which aid in the enzymatic breakdown of plant materials such as cellulose; in many species, it is considerably wider than the colon. In contrast, obligatory carnivores, whose diets contain little or no plant material, have a reduced cecum, which is often partially or wholly replaced by the vermiform appendix. Many fish have a number of small outpocketings, called pyloric ceca, along their intestine; despite the name they are not homologous with the cecum of amniotes, and their purpose is to increase the overall area of the digestive epithelium.[2] Some invertebrates, such as squid,[3] may also have structures with the same name, but these have no relationship with those of vertebrates."^^ . _:b663913370 . _:b663515485 . _:b663913371 . _:b663515486 . _:b663913368 . _:b663515487 . _:b663913369 . _:b663515480 . _:b663520090 _:b663520093 . _:b663913374 . _:b663520080 _:b663520079 . _:b663515481 . _:b663913375 . _:b663913422 "ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.566"^^ . _:b665860559 _:b665860558 . _:b663515482 . _:b665805592 "ncithesaurus:Stomach"^^ . _:b663913372 . _:b663515483 . _:b663913373 . _:b663515476 . _:b663913346 . _:b663515477 . _:b663913347 . _:b663520081 _:b663520080 . _:b663520225 . _:b665860595 _:b665860599 . _:b663515478 . _:b663913344 . _:b663520093 _:b663520092 . _:b663515479 . _:b663520094 _:b663520097 . _:b663913345 . _:b663516795 "ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.566"^^ . _:b663515472 . _:b663913350 . _:b663515473 . _:b665860454 "(forall (x) (iff (Occurrent x) (and (Entity x) (exists (y) (temporalPartOf y x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [079-001] " . _:b663913351 . _:b665806117 . _:b663520092 _:b663520091 . _:b663515474 . _:b663913348 . _:b665806118 . _:b663515475 . _:b663913349 . _:b663515841 . _:b663515810 . _:b663515500 . _:b665860599 _:b665860598 . _:b663913354 . _:b663515811 . _:b663515501 . _:b663913355 . _:b663515502 . _:b663913352 . _:b665861494 "3"^^ . _:b665860598 _:b665860597 . _:b663520127 _:b663520130 . _:b663515503 . _:b665860599 _:b665860596 . _:b663913353 . _:b663515496 . _:b663913358 . _:b663520085 _:b663520086 . _:b663515497 . _:b663913359 . _:b665798595 "A disease that manifests in a defined anatomical structure." . _:b663515812 . _:b663515498 . _:b663913356 . _:b663515813 . _:b663515499 . _:b663520069 _:b663520068 . _:b663520078 _:b663520081 . _:b663913357 . _:b663520070 _:b663520069 . _:b663515492 . _:b663913330 . _:b665860605 _:b665860606 . _:b663515493 . _:b663913331 . _:b665860586 _:b665860585 . _:b663515494 . _:b663913328 . _:b665860580 _:b665860583 . _:b663515495 . _:b665798024 "blind intestine"^^ . _:b665860587 _:b665860586 . _:b663913329 . _:b663515488 . _:b663913334 . _:b665860600 _:b665860601 . _:b663515489 . _:b665805532 "cjm"^^ . _:b663913335 . _:b663515490 . _:b663913332 . _:b663516047 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b663515491 . _:b663913333 . _:b663520067 _:b663520070 . _:b663515516 . _:b663515781 . _:b663913338 . _:b663515517 . _:b663913339 . _:b665798730 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b666239216 . _:b663515518 . _:b663913336 . _:b663515519 . _:b665860831 . _:b663913337 . _:b663515512 . _:b665860583 _:b665860582 . _:b663913342 . _:b663515513 . _:b666239221 . _:b663913343 . _:b665861265 "b is an object means: b is a material entity which manifests causal unity of one or other of the types CUn listed above & is of a type (a material universal) instances of which are maximal relative to this criterion of causal unity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [024-001])"@en . _:b665860584 _:b665860587 . _:b663515514 . _:b663913980 . _:b666208779 "ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.566"^^ . _:b665860582 _:b665860581 . _:b663913340 . _:b663913968 . _:b663515515 . _:b663913341 . _:b663913969 . _:b663515508 . _:b663515815 . _:b663913978 . _:b663515814 . _:b663913314 . _:b663515509 . _:b665860825 _:b665860828 . _:b665860821 _:b665860820 . _:b663515814 . _:b663913979 . _:b663913315 . _:b665860822 _:b665860821 . _:b663515510 . _:b663913976 . _:b663913312 . _:b663913970 . _:b665860816 _:b665860815 . _:b663515511 . _:b663913977 . _:b663913313 . _:b665862894 . _:b663515504 . _:b663913318 . _:b663515810 . _:b663515505 . _:b663913975 . _:b663913319 . _:b663515506 . _:b663913316 . _:b663515776 . _:b663913982 . _:b663515507 . _:b663913317 . _:b665860817 _:b665860816 . _:b665806199 "url:http://www2.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/mwmednlm?book=Medical&va=anatomic" . _:b663913322 . _:b665860828 _:b665860827 . _:b663913323 . _:b665860830 _:b665860833 . _:b665798820 "UMLS:C0013303"^^ . _:b665860819 _:b665860822 . _:b663913320 . _:b663515836 . _:b663516746 "intestinum rectum"^^ . _:b663516622 . _:b663913321 . _:b663913981 . _:b665805541 "cjm"^^ . _:b663913326 . _:b663515834 . _:b665860827 _:b665860826 . _:b666239205 . _:b663913327 . _:b663515835 . _:b663913324 . _:b663913958 . _:b663913325 . _:b663515833 . _:b666239210 . _:b663913298 . _:b663515830 . _:b663913299 . _:b663913959 . _:b665798930 "Branch or outpocketing of the digestive tract."^^ . _:b665860789 "The fixed portion of the small intestine deeply lodged in the posterior wall of the abdomen and extending from the pylorus to the beginning of the jejunum. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663913296 . _:b666208884 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b665798888 . _:b663913297 . _:b663913957 . _:b663515790 . _:b663913302 . _:b663913303 . _:b665860814 _:b665860817 . _:b663515808 . _:b663913300 . _:b663515824 . _:b663515789 . _:b663515809 . _:b663913301 . _:b663515825 . _:b663913306 . _:b663515780 . _:b663913960 . _:b665860740 "caeca"^^ . _:b663913307 . _:b663515781 . _:b663913304 . _:b663515782 . _:b663516638 . _:b663913305 . _:b663515783 . _:b663515789 . _:b666239187 "MP:0004002"^^ . _:b663913310 . _:b663913311 . _:b665805666 "ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.566"^^ . _:b663913308 . _:b665860608 _:b665860607 . _:b663913309 . _:b663515779 . _:b663913282 . _:b663913283 . _:b665805587 . _:b663913280 . _:b663913281 . _:b665860849 _:b665860854 . _:b666238986 . _:b663913286 . _:b665798956 . _:b663913287 . _:b663914007 "b is a disposition means: b is a realizable entity & b\u2019s bearer is some material entity & b is such that if it ceases to exist, then its bearer is physically changed, & b\u2019s realization occurs when and because this bearer is in some special physical circumstances, & this realization occurs in virtue of the bearer\u2019s physical make-up. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [062-002])"@en . _:b663913284 . _:b665798957 . _:b663913285 . _:b663913290 . _:b665860853 _:b665860850 . _:b663913291 . _:b665860852 _:b665860851 . _:b665860854 _:b665860853 . _:b663913288 . _:b665860853 _:b665860852 . _:b666208835 "It appears that the stomach has an ancient origin. The stomach first appears in the fish lineage. The prevertebrate chordates do not have a true stomach, whereas the cartilaginous and bony fish do. Although most fish do have a true stomach, some fish species appear to have lost the stomach secondarily. The remaining vertebrate lineages do have a true stomach (at least in the adult animal), although there is great variation in the size and shape of the stomach.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663913289 . _:b663515805 . _:b663913294 . _:b663913295 . _:b665860834 . _:b663913292 . _:b663520812 "A primary bacterial infectious disease caused by the bacteria of the genus Salmonella. It has sypmtoms diarrhea, fever, vomiting, and abdominal cramps 12 to 72 hours after infection. In most cases, the illness lasts four to seven days, and most people recover without treatment." . _:b666208665 "(forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt x y t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [021-002] " . _:b663913293 . _:b666238832 . _:b663516871 . _:b663913266 . _:b663515825 "url:https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/general/index.html" . _:b663914238 "MA"^^ . _:b663913267 . _:b663913264 . _:b663515971 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b663913265 . _:b663516495 "(forall (r) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [107-002] " . _:b663913270 . _:b663516866 . _:b663913271 . _:b663913268 . _:b663914035 "A three-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of three dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [040-001])"@en . _:b665860858 _:b665860859 . _:b665860832 _:b665860831 . _:b665860845 _:b665860844 . _:b663913269 . _:b663515793 . _:b666238343 . _:b665860846 _:b665860845 . _:b666238840 . _:b663913274 . _:b666238841 . _:b663913275 . _:b663913272 . _:b666208646 "A three-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of three dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [040-001])"@en . _:b665806197 . _:b663913273 . _:b665860833 _:b665860832 . _:b666239158 . _:b663913278 . _:b663515754 . _:b666238845 . _:b663913279 . _:b666238846 . _:b663913276 . _:b663913636 . _:b663913277 . _:b665860843 _:b665860846 . _:b666238351 . _:b663913637 . _:b663913250 . _:b666238350 . _:b663913251 . _:b666238349 . _:b663516573 . _:b663913248 . _:b665860754 "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]"^^ . _:b666238348 . _:b665798675 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b663913249 . _:b666238347 . _:b663913254 . _:b666238346 . _:b663913255 . _:b666238345 . _:b663913252 . _:b666238344 . _:b663913253 . _:b663913258 . _:b663913259 . _:b663519971 "Spatial region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the union of a spatial point and a spatial line that doesn't overlap the point, or two spatial lines that intersect at a single point. In both cases the resultant spatial region is neither 0-dimensional, 1-dimensional, 2-dimensional, or 3-dimensional."@en . _:b663914237 "VHOG:0000450"^^ . _:b663913256 . _:b663913257 . _:b665860736 "WP"^^ . _:b665798012 "UMLS:C0034896"^^ . _:b663913262 . _:b663515770 . _:b663913263 . _:b666238830 . _:b663913260 . _:b666238831 . _:b663913261 . _:b663913234 . _:b663913235 . _:b665861243 . _:b663913232 . _:b663913233 . _:b663913238 . _:b663520308 "the portion of the small intestine that extends from the duodenum to the ileum"^^ . _:b666239149 . _:b663520249 "cecum"^^ . _:b663913239 . _:b663913236 . _:b665861246 . _:b663913237 . _:b665861245 . _:b666238831 . _:b665862887 "ncithesaurus:Large_Intestine"^^ . _:b663913242 . _:b665860767 _:b665860770 . _:b665861244 . _:b666238830 . _:b663913243 . _:b666238829 . _:b663913240 . _:b663515724 . _:b666238828 . _:b663913241 . _:b665863036 "MP:0004002"^^ . _:b663913246 . _:b665806289 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b665860760 _:b665860759 . _:b663913247 . _:b665860761 _:b665860760 . _:b663913244 . _:b663913245 . _:b666208580 "Simons uses different terminology for relations of occurrents to regions: Denote the spatio-temporal location of a given occurrent e by 'spn[e]' and call this region its span. We may say an occurrent is at its span, in any larger region, and covers any smaller region. Now suppose we have fixed a frame of reference so that we can speak not merely of spatio-temporal but also of spatial regions (places) and temporal regions (times). The spread of an occurrent, (relative to a frame of reference) is the space it exactly occupies, and its spell is likewise the time it exactly occupies. We write 'spr[e]' and `spl[e]' respectively for the spread and spell of e, omitting mention of the frame." . _:b665860758 _:b665860761 . _:b665806372 "caeca"^^ . _:b663913218 . _:b663913219 . _:b665797749 "A temporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of time as defined relative to some reference frame. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [100-001])"@en . _:b663913216 . _:b663913479 "WP:Stomach#In_other_animals"^^ . _:b666238836 . _:b663913217 . _:b666209544 "1"^^ . _:b665861228 "(forall (x y) (if (and (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (SpatioTemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [096-001] " . _:b666238835 . _:b663913222 . _:b666209545 "1"^^ . _:b666238834 . _:b663913223 . _:b666209550 "1"^^ . _:b666238833 . _:b663913220 . _:b663913258 "(forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (TemporalRegion y) (temporallyProjectsOnto x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [098-001] " . _:b665798070 . _:b666238832 . _:b663913221 . _:b665860769 _:b665860768 . _:b663913226 . _:b666209549 "1"^^ . _:b665862047 "A bacterial infectious disease that results_in infection by bacteria as a result of their presence or activity within the normal, healthy host, and their intrinsic virulence is, in part, a necessary consequence of their need to reproduce and spread." . _:b663515720 "Every occurrent occupies_spatiotemporal_region some spatiotemporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [108-001])"@en . _:b665860770 _:b665860769 . _:b663913227 . _:b663515775 . _:b663913224 . _:b663913225 . _:b663515717 . _:b663913230 . _:b663913231 . _:b663515719 . _:b663913228 . _:b663515718 . _:b663913229 . _:b663515721 . _:b666238912 "(forall (x) (if (Function x) (Disposition x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [064-001] " . _:b663515720 . _:b663515723 . _:b663515722 . _:b665798219 "2024-09-28T12:16:29.606030"^^ . _:b665798089 "MGI:csmith"^^ . _:b663515916 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b665860465 . _:b665860464 . _:b663516475 "(iff (IndependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (not (exists (b t) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [017-002] " . _:b665806335 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b663516082 . _:b665860772 _:b665860773 . _:b663914072 "A zero-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is without extent. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [102-001])"@en . _:b666238881 . _:b665860713 _:b665860714 . _:b666208911 "ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.566"^^ . _:b665806522 . _:b663515761 . _:b665862231 "FMA:14541"^^ . _:b663515760 . _:b666238425 . _:b663515763 . _:b666238424 . _:b663515762 . _:b666238887 . _:b665860463 . _:b666238426 . _:b665860462 . _:b665860461 . _:b665862243 . _:b663515790 "(iff (GenericallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (exists (b t) (genericallyDependsOnAt a b t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [074-001] " . _:b666208835 "DOI:10.1046/j.1525-142x.2000.00076.x Smith DM, Grasty RC, Theodosiou NA, Tabin CJ, Nascone-Yoder NM, Evolutionary relationships between the amphibian, avian, and mammalian stomachs. Evolution and development (2000)"^^ . _:b665861675 "To say that spatiotemporal region s spatially_projects_onto spatial region r at t is to say that r is the spatial extent of s at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [081-003])"@en . _:b666238865 . _:b666238421 . _:b666238866 . _:b666238420 . _:b666238921 "every entity of which a material entity is continuant part is also a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [021-002])"@en . _:b665805458 "A disease of anatomical entity that is located_in the gastrointestinal tract." . _:b666238867 . _:b666238423 . _:b666238868 . _:b666238422 . _:b665798576 "(iff (TwoDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [033-001] " . _:b663913525 "Last portion of the large intestine before it becomes the rectum."^^ . _:b666239121 . _:b665860808 "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665798820 "ncithesaurus:Duodenum"^^ . _:b666239075 . _:b665861543 "3"^^ . _:b663515758 "(forall (x t) (if (and (RealizableEntity x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (specificallyDepends x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [063-002] " . _:b666239123 . _:b666209034 "diverticulum of gut"^^ . _:b666238877 . _:b663913452 . _:b666238852 . _:b665860691 _:b665860690 . _:b665806381 "FMA"^^ . _:b665860690 _:b665860689 . _:b663913677 . _:b665798752 "MA"^^ . _:b666238857 . _:b666238858 . _:b663913702 . _:b665860807 "MP:0002581"^^ . _:b663913703 . _:b665860688 _:b665860691 . _:b665862974 "A cecum is present in most amniote species, and also in lungfish, but not in any living species of amphibian. In reptiles, it is usually a single median structure, arising from the dorsal side of the large intestine. Birds typically have two paired ceca, as, unlike other mammals, do hyraxes. Most mammalian herbivores have a relatively large cecum, hosting a large number of bacteria, which aid in the enzymatic breakdown of plant materials such as cellulose; in many species, it is considerably wider than the colon. In contrast, obligatory carnivores, whose diets contain little or no plant material, have a reduced cecum, which is often partially or wholly replaced by the vermiform appendix. Many fish have a number of small outpocketings, called pyloric ceca, along their intestine; despite the name they are not homologous with the cecum of amniotes, and their purpose is to increase the overall area of the digestive epithelium.[2] Some invertebrates, such as squid,[3] may also have structures with the same name, but these have no relationship with those of vertebrates."^^ . _:b665861552 "3"^^ . _:b663913266 "All realizable dependent continuants have independent continuants that are not spatial regions as their bearers. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [060-002])"@en . _:b663515824 "A bacterial infectious disease that results_in infection by bacteria as a result of their presence or activity within the normal, healthy host, and their intrinsic virulence is, in part, a necessary consequence of their need to reproduce and spread." . _:b665860675 _:b665860674 . _:b665860675 _:b665860672 . _:b666238855 . _:b665860674 _:b665860673 . _:b665860681 _:b665860684 . _:b666239157 . _:b663521005 "FMA"^^ . _:b666238860 . _:b666238939 . _:b665860683 _:b665860682 . _:b663516663 . _:b666238861 . _:b666238938 . _:b665806220 . _:b666238856 . _:b665860684 _:b665860683 . _:b666238857 . _:b666239165 . _:b663913511 . _:b666239150 . _:b666238858 . _:b666239164 . _:b666238859 . _:b666238940 . _:b665861537 "In humans, the duodenum is a hollow jointed tube about 10-15 inches (25-38 centimetres) long connecting the stomach to the jejunum. It begins with the duodenal bulb and ends at the ligament of Treitz."^^ . _:b665860658 "VHOG:0000056"^^ . _:b665860671 _:b665860675 . _:b663913504 . _:b666239160 . _:b663913505 . _:b663913518 . _:b663516465 "An occurrent is an entity that unfolds itself in time or it is the instantaneous boundary of such an entity (for example a beginning or an ending) or it is a temporal or spatiotemporal region which such an entity occupies_temporal_region or occupies_spatiotemporal_region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [077-002])"@en . _:b663520023 "b is an object aggregate means: b is a material entity consisting exactly of a plurality of objects as member_parts at all times at which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [025-004])"@en . _:b663913519 . _:b663913516 . _:b663913517 . _:b663516671 . _:b663913512 . _:b663913513 . _:b666238087 "(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (continuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [009-002] " . _:b666239148 . _:b665862149 "AAO:0000246"^^ . _:b666239151 . _:b665861533 "3"^^ . _:b663516662 . _:b665860670 _:b665860667 . _:b665860669 _:b665860668 . _:b665860670 _:b665860669 . _:b663516558 . _:b665860664 _:b665860661 . _:b663516559 . _:b665860660 _:b665860665 . _:b665860665 _:b665860664 . _:b663516556 . _:b663516557 . _:b665860664 _:b665860663 . _:b665860666 _:b665860670 . _:b663913529 . _:b665860663 _:b665860662 . _:b666238925 . _:b665861217 "(forall (x y) (if (and (TemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (TemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [101-001] " . _:b666238926 . _:b666238927 . _:b666209383 "b is a fiat object part = Def. b is a material entity which is such that for all times t, if b exists at t then there is some object c such that b proper continuant_part of c at t and c is demarcated from the remainder of c by a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [027-004])"@en . _:b666238162 . _:b666238914 . _:b665860649 "ncithesaurus:Large_Intestine"^^ . _:b665860609 _:b665860608 . _:b665797849 "A disease that manifests in a defined anatomical structure." . _:b665860613 _:b665860612 . _:b665860617 _:b665860620 . _:b663516805 "NCBITaxon:32443"^^ . _:b665860614 _:b665860613 . _:b665860621 _:b665860625 . _:b665797984 "An expanded region of the vertebrate alimentary tract that serves as a food storage compartment and digestive organ. A stomach is lined, in whole or in part by a glandular epithelium."^^ . _:b666238920 . _:b665860619 _:b665860618 . _:b663913482 . _:b666238921 . _:b666239043 . _:b663913480 . _:b663519708 . _:b665862168 . _:b663519709 . _:b663913481 . _:b665860620 _:b665860619 . _:b663519710 . _:b663519711 . _:b665860611 _:b665860614 . _:b663519704 . _:b663913493 . _:b663519705 . _:b663519706 . _:b665860610 _:b665860611 . _:b663519707 . _:b665860628 _:b665860627 . _:b665860634 _:b665860637 . _:b665860624 _:b665860622 . _:b665860629 _:b665860628 . _:b665805689 "middle intestine"^^ . _:b663519702 . _:b663519703 . _:b666239088 . _:b665860625 _:b665860624 . _:b666238083 "A continuant is an entity that persists, endures, or continues to exist through time while maintaining its identity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [008-002])"@en . _:b665860626 _:b665860629 . _:b665860637 _:b665860636 . _:b665798565 "Continuant fiat boundary doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary and a one dimensional continuant fiat boundary that doesn't overlap it. The situation is analogous to temporal and spatial regions."@en . _:b666239144 "UMLS:C0009368"^^ . _:b663519724 . _:b663516570 . _:b663519725 . _:b665860636 _:b665860635 . _:b665862153 . _:b663913574 . _:b663519726 . _:b663520708 "b is an occurrent entity iff b is an entity that has temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [079-001])"@en . _:b663516587 . _:b663519727 . _:b663913575 . _:b665798219 . _:b663519720 . _:b663519721 . _:b665860622 _:b665860623 . _:b663516582 . _:b663519722 . _:b665860995 _:b665860994 . _:b663519723 . _:b663516580 . _:b665860993 _:b665860995 . _:b663519716 . _:b663913568 . _:b663520075 "url:http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec09/ch122/ch122a.html" . _:b663516581 . _:b663519717 . _:b666208570 "Continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example, in an expansion involving bringing in some of Ceuster's other portions of reality, questions are raised as to whether universals are continuants"@en . _:b663519718 . _:b663913583 . _:b663516579 . _:b663519719 . _:b663516576 . _:b663519712 . _:b665860997 _:b665860996 . _:b663519713 . _:b665860998 _:b665861000 . _:b663519714 . _:b663519715 . _:b666238861 "(forall (x) (if (TemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [100-001] " . _:b663519740 . _:b663913576 . _:b665861002 _:b665861001 . _:b665861000 _:b665860999 . _:b663519741 . _:b666238862 "A two-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of two dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [039-001])"@en . _:b663913577 . _:b665861003 _:b665861005 . _:b665798822 "BTO:0000365"^^ . _:b663519742 . _:b665861005 _:b665861004 . _:b665798821 "BTO:0000365"^^ . _:b663519743 . _:b663520262 "The last portion of the digestive system, it extracts water and salt from solid wastes before they are eliminated from the body.[AAO]"^^ . _:b665861007 _:b665861006 . _:b666209046 . _:b663913702 . _:b665805521 . _:b663519736 . _:b663913703 . _:b663519737 . _:b665861015 _:b665861014 . _:b663519738 . _:b663913586 . _:b663519739 . _:b663913587 . _:b665861012 _:b665861011 . _:b663519732 . _:b663913584 . _:b663515975 "UMLS:C0038351"^^ . _:b665861013 _:b665861015 . _:b663519733 . _:b663515823 . _:b663913585 . _:b663519734 . _:b665861010 _:b665861009 . _:b663519735 . _:b665861022 _:b665861025 . _:b663519728 . _:b666238437 "upper intestine"^^ . _:b665798093 "intestinum ileum"^^ . _:b665861008 _:b665861010 . _:b663519729 . _:b665861020 _:b665861019 . _:b663519730 . _:b665861021 _:b665861020 . _:b663519731 . _:b663516556 . _:b665861017 _:b665861016 . _:b665861018 _:b665861021 . _:b663520182 . _:b663520183 . _:b663516551 . _:b663516171 . _:b665861033 _:b665861032 . _:b666209336 "(forall (x t) (if (and (IndependentContinuant x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (Entity y) (specificallyDependsOnAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [018-002] " . _:b665861034 _:b665861033 . _:b665861036 _:b665861035 . _:b665861037 _:b665861036 . _:b665861024 _:b665861023 . _:b665861039 _:b665861038 . _:b663516172 . _:b665797830 "(iff (TwoDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [033-001] " . _:b663516582 . _:b665861027 _:b665861026 . _:b665861654 . _:b665861025 _:b665861024 . _:b663520234 "MA"^^ . _:b663516554 . _:b663516570 . _:b663516555 . _:b666239199 "distal intestine"^^ . _:b663516571 . _:b665861030 _:b665861029 . _:b665861031 _:b665861034 . _:b665861028 _:b665861027 . _:b663913556 . _:b663913557 . _:b665861052 _:b665861051 . _:b663913555 . _:b665861055 _:b665861054 . _:b663521118 "FMA:71131"^^ . _:b663521119 "FMA:71131"^^ . _:b665861054 _:b665861053 . _:b663913566 . _:b665861049 _:b665861052 . _:b663913567 . _:b663516561 . _:b663516560 . _:b663516560 . _:b665861051 _:b665861050 . _:b665861048 _:b665861047 . _:b665861046 _:b665861045 . _:b665805276 . _:b665861045 _:b665861044 . _:b665861042 _:b665861041 . _:b665861043 _:b665861042 . _:b665860992 _:b665860991 . _:b666238422 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b665798943 . _:b665798072 . _:b666238176 "(forall (x) (if (MaterialEntity x) (IndependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [019-002] " . _:b665798073 . _:b665861040 _:b665861043 . _:b666239034 . _:b665861079 _:b665861078 . _:b665805684 "MP:0004002"^^ . _:b666239033 . . _:b665861072 _:b665861071 . _:b663516525 . _:b665861078 _:b665861077 . _:b663516526 . _:b665861076 _:b665861079 . _:b663516516 . _:b663516527 . _:b665861075 _:b665861074 . _:b665798071 "The fixed portion of the small intestine deeply lodged in the posterior wall of the abdomen and extending from the pylorus to the beginning of the jejunum. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665860550 "a zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a fiat point whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [031-001])"@en . _:b665861085 _:b665861088 . _:b665861073 _:b665861072 . _:b665798495 "A temporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of time as defined relative to some reference frame. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [100-001])"@en . _:b663516108 . _:b665861084 _:b665861083 . _:b663516109 . _:b666209430 "(forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [102-001] " . _:b663516110 . _:b665861087 _:b665861086 . _:b663516111 . _:b665862008 "(forall (x) (if (ThreeDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [040-001] " . _:b663516104 . _:b663516528 . _:b663516105 . _:b663520961 "We restrict this to the vertebrate specific structure - see the grouping class 'food storage organ' for analogous structures in other species. Teleosts: Zebrafish is functionally stomach-less, but may retain ontogenic footprint. Although the precise shape and size of the stomach varies widely among different vertebrates, the relative positions of the oesophageal and duodenal openings remain relatively constant. As a result, the organ always curves somewhat to the left before curving back to meet the pyloric sphincter. However, lampreys, hagfishes, chimaeras, lungfishes, and some teleost fish have no stomach at all, with the oesophagus opening directly into the intestine. The gastric lining is usually divided into two regions, an anterior portion lined by fundic glands, and a posterior with pyloric glands. Cardiac glands are unique to mammals, and even then are absent in a number of species. The distributions of these glands vary between species, and do not always correspond with the same regions as in man. Furthermore, in many non-human mammals, a portion of the stomach anterior to the cardiac glands is lined with epithelium essentially identical to that of the oesophagus. Ruminants, in particular, have a complex stomach, the first three chambers of which are all lined with oesophageal mucosa"^^ . _:b663516539 . _:b663516529 . _:b665861081 _:b665861080 . _:b663914423 . _:b663516106 . _:b663913259 "p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003])"@en . _:b665861082 _:b665861081 . _:b663516107 . _:b663516100 . _:b665861058 _:b665861061 . _:b666238580 . _:b663516101 . _:b663516535 . _:b663516102 . _:b663516103 . _:b665861057 _:b665861056 . _:b663516096 . _:b665861063 _:b665861062 . _:b663516097 . _:b663516098 . _:b665861060 _:b665861059 . _:b665861061 _:b665861060 . _:b663516099 . _:b663516124 . _:b663516125 . _:b665805480 . _:b663516126 . _:b663914329 "UMLS:C0020885"^^ . _:b665861066 _:b665861065 . _:b663516127 . _:b665861067 _:b665861070 . _:b665861064 _:b665861063 . _:b666239159 . _:b663516120 . _:b663516522 . _:b663516560 "b is a relational quality = Def. for some independent continuants c, d and for some time t: b quality_of c at t & b quality_of d at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [057-001])"@en . _:b665861069 _:b665861068 . _:b663516535 . _:b663516121 . _:b663516122 . _:b665805493 . _:b663516123 . _:b663516521 . _:b663516663 "ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.566"^^ . _:b665861070 _:b665861069 . _:b663516116 . _:b665861116 _:b665861115 . _:b663516117 . _:b663913294 "b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001])"@en . _:b663516536 . _:b663516118 . _:b665861119 _:b665861118 . _:b663516527 . _:b665797750 "All parts of temporal regions are temporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [101-001])"@en . _:b663516119 . _:b665805502 . _:b665861118 _:b665861117 . _:b663516112 . _:b666208629 "If an entity is a quality at any time that it exists, then it is a quality at every time that it exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [105-001])"@en . _:b665861112 _:b665861116 . _:b663914382 . _:b663516113 . _:b663914383 . _:b663516114 . _:b665861114 _:b665861113 . _:b663516115 . _:b665861115 _:b665861114 . _:b663516140 . _:b665862989 . _:b665861111 _:b665861110 . _:b663516141 . _:b663516142 . _:b665861108 _:b665861107 . _:b665861109 _:b665861108 . _:b663516143 . _:b663516136 . _:b665861106 _:b665861105 . _:b663516137 . _:b663516138 . _:b663913505 "BTO:0001158"^^ . _:b663516139 . _:b665797838 . _:b665861105 _:b665861104 . _:b665861307 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathogenic_bacteria" . _:b663516132 . _:b666238087 . _:b665861103 _:b665861106 . _:b663516133 . _:b666238086 . _:b665861097 _:b665861096 . _:b663516134 . _:b666238085 . _:b663516500 . _:b663516135 . _:b666238131 . _:b666238084 . _:b665861099 _:b665861098 . _:b665805634 "cjm"^^ . _:b665861096 _:b665861095 . _:b663516128 . _:b666238083 . _:b666208579 "Occurrent doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the sum of a process and the process boundary of another process."@en . _:b665861100 _:b665861099 . _:b663516129 . _:b666238082 . _:b665861088 _:b665861087 . _:b663914177 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b663516130 . _:b665805663 "cjm"^^ . _:b663516131 . _:b666238135 . _:b663516465 . _:b665861102 _:b665861101 . _:b663516156 . _:b663516464 . _:b665861090 _:b665861089 . _:b663516157 . _:b665861091 _:b665861090 . _:b663520951 . _:b663516467 . _:b663516158 . _:b666209330 "(forall (x) (if (Occurrent x) (exists (r) (and (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x r))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [108-001] " . _:b663516466 . _:b663516159 . _:b663516469 . _:b665862773 "(forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [020-002] " . _:b663516152 . _:b663516468 . _:b663516153 . _:b666238141 . _:b666238090 . _:b663516154 . _:b666238089 . _:b665861093 _:b665861092 . _:b663516155 . _:b666238088 . _:b665861094 _:b665861097 . _:b663516148 . _:b666238112 . _:b665860907 _:b665860906 . _:b663516149 . _:b663516150 . _:b663516151 . _:b663516144 . _:b663516046 "2"^^ . _:b665860908 _:b665860907 . _:b666238175 "every entity of which a material entity is continuant part is also a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [021-002])"@en . _:b663516145 . _:b663516146 . _:b665860896 _:b665860895 . _:b663516147 . _:b666238119 . _:b663516044 . _:b666238120 . _:b665805673 "cjm"^^ . _:b663914236 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b663516045 . _:b666238121 . _:b663520905 "ncithesaurus:Large_Intestine"^^ . _:b663516046 . _:b666238122 . _:b663516047 . _:b665860897 _:b665860896 . _:b663516040 . _:b663516041 . _:b665860905 _:b665860908 . _:b665860910 _:b665860913 . _:b665861974 "(forall (x y) (if (and (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (SpatioTemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [096-001] " . _:b663516042 . _:b663516043 . _:b663516036 . _:b663520908 . _:b663516470 . _:b663516037 . _:b663516038 . _:b663516039 . _:b666238099 . _:b665860925 _:b665860924 . _:b665860926 _:b665860925 . _:b663516032 . _:b666238100 . _:b665860917 _:b665860920 . _:b663914448 . _:b663516033 . _:b665805692 "cjm"^^ . _:b663914449 . _:b663516460 "(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (hasContinuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [126-001] " . _:b663516463 . _:b663516034 . _:b663516035 . _:b665860920 _:b665860919 . _:b663914223 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b663516509 . _:b663516060 . _:b665805589 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b663516508 . _:b663516061 . _:b663516664 "UMLS:C0021851"^^ . _:b663516523 . _:b663516062 . _:b666238106 . _:b665860912 _:b665860911 . _:b663516063 . _:b665860919 _:b665860918 . _:b665860923 _:b665860926 . _:b663516056 . _:b663516524 . _:b663516057 . _:b663516507 . _:b663516058 . _:b663516506 . _:b663516059 . _:b666238111 . _:b665860913 _:b665860912 . _:b666239125 "WP"^^ . _:b663516052 . _:b663516053 . _:b665860867 _:b665860866 . _:b663516054 . _:b665805683 "cjm"^^ . _:b663516055 . _:b665860866 _:b665860865 . _:b665862011 "b is an object means: b is a material entity which manifests causal unity of one or other of the types CUn listed above & is of a type (a material universal) instances of which are maximal relative to this criterion of causal unity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [024-001])"@en . _:b666238396 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b663516048 . _:b666238084 . _:b663516049 . _:b666238085 . _:b663516050 . _:b666238086 . _:b663515973 "VHOG:0000408"^^ . _:b663516051 . _:b665862282 "NCBITaxon:32443"^^ . _:b665860871 _:b665860870 . _:b665860875 _:b665860878 . _:b665798684 "Segment of the alimentary canal extending from the stomach to the anus and, in humans and other mammals, consists of two segments, the small intestine and the large intestine."^^ . _:b663516076 . _:b665860869 _:b665860872 . _:b663516077 . _:b663516078 . _:b663516079 . _:b665860872 _:b665860871 . _:b663516072 . _:b663516073 . _:b663516074 . _:b666238094 . _:b663516075 . _:b666238095 . _:b665860877 _:b665860876 . _:b665860864 _:b665860867 . _:b665860878 _:b665860877 . _:b663516068 . _:b663516069 . _:b663516070 . _:b666238179 . _:b663516071 . _:b666238180 . _:b663516064 . _:b666238181 . _:b663516065 . _:b665860883 _:b665860882 . _:b663516066 . _:b665862290 "MP:0004002"^^ . _:b665805517 . _:b663913519 "intestinum crassum cecum"^^ . _:b663516067 . _:b665860882 _:b665860881 . _:b663516092 . _:b665798506 "Each spatiotemporal region projects_onto some temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [098-001])"@en . _:b663516093 . _:b665860894 _:b665860897 . _:b665862288 . _:b663519978 "All parts of temporal regions are temporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [101-001])"@en . _:b663516094 . _:b663516095 . _:b665860880 _:b665860883 . _:b663516088 . _:b665860888 _:b665860887 . _:b663516089 . _:b663913585 . _:b665860889 _:b665860888 . _:b663516090 . _:b663913584 . _:b663519711 _:b663519715 . _:b663516091 . _:b663913587 . _:b665860886 _:b665860889 . _:b663516084 . _:b665860988 _:b665860990 . _:b663913586 . _:b663516085 . _:b663914275 . _:b665862296 . _:b665806426 "upper intestine"^^ . _:b663516086 . _:b665805587 "cjm"^^ . _:b663519708 _:b663519707 . _:b663519709 _:b663519708 . _:b665862297 . _:b663516087 . _:b665805586 "cjm"^^ . _:b665860990 _:b665860989 . _:b663516080 . _:b663516081 . _:b665860985 _:b665860984 . _:b663519710 _:b663519709 . _:b663516082 . _:b663516083 . _:b665860987 _:b665860986 . _:b665860984 _:b665860983 . _:b663515980 . _:b665805609 "cjm"^^ . _:b663519706 _:b663519710 . _:b666238109 . _:b663515981 . _:b663913581 . _:b665860976 _:b665860975 . _:b665805602 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b665860982 _:b665860981 . _:b666238110 . _:b663515982 . _:b663913580 . _:b665860980 _:b665860979 . _:b665860981 _:b665860980 . _:b666238111 . _:b663515983 . _:b663913583 . _:b665862278 . _:b663515976 . _:b663913582 . _:b665860978 _:b665860977 . _:b663515977 . _:b665862276 . _:b663515978 . _:b665862277 . _:b665861547 "intestinum jejunum"^^ . _:b663515979 . _:b663515972 . _:b663515973 . _:b666238194 . _:b665860969 _:b665860968 . _:b663515974 . _:b666238193 . _:b663516172 "FBbt:00100316"^^ . _:b663515975 . _:b666238192 . _:b665860971 _:b665860970 . _:b666238112 . _:b663515968 . _:b665860972 _:b665860971 . _:b665860973 _:b665860972 . _:b665862287 . _:b663914302 . _:b666238113 . _:b663515969 . _:b665860960 _:b665860959 . _:b663914303 . _:b666238114 . _:b663515970 . _:b665860975 _:b665860974 . _:b665797783 . _:b666238115 . _:b663515971 . _:b663914301 . _:b663515996 . _:b666238168 . _:b665860962 _:b665860961 . _:b663515997 . _:b665860963 _:b665860962 . _:b663515998 . _:b665805534 "ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.566"^^ . _:b663519740 _:b663519739 . _:b665797819 "Continuant fiat boundary doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary and a one dimensional continuant fiat boundary that doesn't overlap it. The situation is analogous to temporal and spatial regions."@en . _:b663515999 . _:b663515992 . _:b665860967 _:b665860966 . _:b663515993 . _:b663519742 _:b663519741 . _:b665860966 _:b665860965 . _:b663515994 . _:b666238174 . _:b663516611 . _:b665860964 _:b665860963 . _:b663515995 . _:b666238175 . _:b663519737 _:b663519736 . _:b663515988 . _:b665860951 _:b665860950 . _:b663515989 . _:b663519739 _:b663519738 . _:b663519736 _:b663519735 . _:b665860944 _:b665860943 . _:b665806047 "100.0"^^ . _:b665860950 _:b665860949 . _:b663515990 . _:b663519735 _:b663519734 . _:b665860949 _:b665860948 . _:b663515991 . _:b665797784 . _:b663519728 _:b663519727 . _:b663520159 "UMLS:C0021851"^^ . _:b665797785 . _:b663515984 . _:b663515740 "(forall (x y) (if (and (TemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (TemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [101-001] " . _:b663519733 _:b663519732 . _:b665806042 "100.0"^^ . _:b665860946 _:b665860945 . _:b663515985 . _:b665860947 _:b665860951 . _:b663515986 . _:b663519730 _:b663519729 . _:b665862895 "AAO:0000246"^^ . _:b663515987 . _:b663519731 _:b663519730 . _:b665860945 _:b665860944 . _:b663516012 . _:b663914250 . _:b665860957 _:b665860956 . _:b666239298 . _:b663516013 . _:b663914251 . _:b663516014 . _:b663520964 . _:b663516015 . _:b663520963 . _:b663519721 _:b663519720 . _:b665860958 _:b665860957 . _:b663516008 . _:b663520962 . _:b663914262 . _:b663519722 _:b663519721 . _:b663516009 . _:b663520961 . _:b665860953 _:b665860952 . _:b663914263 . _:b663516010 . _:b663520960 . _:b663519724 _:b663519723 . _:b665860954 _:b665860953 . _:b663516011 . _:b665860955 _:b665860954 . _:b663516004 . _:b663519727 _:b663519726 . _:b663914258 . _:b663516005 . _:b663914259 . _:b663519726 _:b663519725 . _:b663516006 . _:b663519714 _:b663519713 . _:b663914052 "every entity of which a material entity is continuant part is also a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [021-002])"@en . _:b663519715 _:b663519714 . _:b663516007 . _:b663914257 . _:b663520400 "The first chamber in the alimentary canal of a ruminant stomach, composed of the rumen and reticulum."^^ . _:b665806339 "BTO:0001307"^^ . _:b663516000 . _:b665860935 _:b665860934 . _:b665806136 "b is a role means: b is a realizable entity & b exists because there is some single bearer that is in some special physical, social, or institutional set of circumstances in which this bearer does not have to be& b is not such that, if it ceases to exist, then the physical make-up of the bearer is thereby changed. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [061-001])"@en . _:b663516001 . _:b663519713 _:b663519712 . _:b665862826 . _:b665860934 _:b665860933 . _:b663516002 . _:b663519719 _:b663519718 . _:b665860932 _:b665860931 . _:b665860933 _:b665860932 . _:b665861475 "VHOG:0001751"^^ . _:b663516003 . _:b663519718 _:b663519717 . _:b663516028 . _:b663519717 _:b663519716 . _:b663516029 . _:b665860942 _:b665860946 . _:b663516030 . _:b666208687 "url:https://www.foodsafety.gov/poisoning/causes/bacteriaviruses/salmonella" . _:b663914264 . _:b663516031 . _:b665860936 _:b665860935 . _:b663914265 . _:b663516024 . _:b663516025 . _:b663521153 _:b663521152 . _:b663516026 . _:b663516027 . _:b663521161 _:b663521164 . _:b663521166 _:b663521169 . _:b663516020 . _:b663914018 "If an entity is a quality at any time that it exists, then it is a quality at every time that it exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [105-001])"@en . _:b663516021 . _:b663516022 . _:b663521163 _:b663521162 . _:b665798810 . _:b663516023 . _:b663914009 "(forall (x t) (if (and (RealizableEntity x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (specificallyDepends x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [063-002] " . _:b663516016 . _:b663516017 . _:b663516018 . _:b665805602 "Anterior end of the alimentary canal lined with smooth muscle. Bounded anteriorly by a constriction in the pharynx. Bounded posteriorly by and increase in circular and/or longitudinal smooth muscle associated with the stomach.[AAO]"^^ . _:b663521164 _:b663521163 . _:b663516019 . _:b663515916 . _:b666238171 "A one-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is extended. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [103-001])"@en . _:b666208864 "EHDAA2"^^ . _:b663515917 . _:b663515918 . _:b663515919 . _:b665862150 "VHOG:0000056"^^ . _:b663515912 . _:b663521168 _:b663521167 . _:b663515913 . _:b663521175 _:b663521174 . _:b663521179 _:b663521182 . _:b663515914 . _:b665798806 . _:b663515915 . _:b663515908 . _:b663515909 . _:b663515824 . _:b663521169 _:b663521168 . _:b663515910 . _:b663515911 . _:b663515904 . _:b663515905 . _:b663521181 _:b663521180 . _:b663521182 _:b663521181 . _:b663515906 . _:b663521173 _:b663521176 . _:b663515907 . _:b665805565 . _:b665806057 "100.0"^^ . _:b663515932 . _:b663516952 . _:b663515933 . _:b663521176 _:b663521175 . _:b663515934 . _:b665806052 "100.0"^^ . _:b663515935 . _:b663515926 . _:b663515928 . _:b663515927 . _:b663516076 "the portion of the small intestine that extends from the jejunum to the colon"^^ . _:b663515929 . _:b663521192 _:b663521191 . _:b666239093 "It appears that the stomach has an ancient origin. The stomach first appears in the fish lineage. The prevertebrate chordates do not have a true stomach, whereas the cartilaginous and bony fish do. Although most fish do have a true stomach, some fish species appear to have lost the stomach secondarily. The remaining vertebrate lineages do have a true stomach (at least in the adult animal), although there is great variation in the size and shape of the stomach.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663515836 . _:b666239263 . _:b663515930 . _:b663515931 . _:b663515924 . _:b663914448 . _:b666239097 . _:b666239038 "ncithesaurus:Large_Intestine"^^ . _:b663515925 . _:b663914449 . _:b663515926 . _:b666209319 "if b is a continuant and if, for some t, cis continuant_part of b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [009-002])"@en . _:b663515917 . _:b663515927 . _:b663515920 . _:b663515921 . _:b663515922 . _:b663521191 _:b663521190 . _:b663515923 . _:b666208600 "Every temporal region t is such that t occupies_temporal_region t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [119-002])"@en . _:b663521190 _:b663521189 . _:b663515948 . _:b663521188 _:b663521187 . _:b663521189 _:b663521188 . _:b663914314 . _:b663515949 . _:b663515950 . _:b663914312 . _:b663515951 . _:b665862738 . _:b663914313 . _:b663515944 . _:b665862737 . _:b663515945 . _:b665862736 . _:b663515946 . _:b665862742 . _:b663515947 . _:b665862743 . _:b663515940 . _:b663914322 . _:b663515941 . _:b663914323 . _:b666239128 "cecum"^^ . _:b663515942 . _:b663914320 . _:b663515943 . _:b666238435 "UMLS:C0013303"^^ . _:b663914321 . _:b663515936 . _:b663515937 . _:b663515938 . _:b663914332 . _:b663515939 . _:b663914333 . _:b663515964 . _:b666208848 "VHOG:0000450"^^ . _:b663914330 . _:b663516023 . _:b663521152 _:b663521151 . _:b663515965 . _:b663914331 . _:b663515966 . _:b663516021 . _:b663515967 . _:b663914329 . _:b663516022 . _:b663515960 . _:b663521123 . _:b663515961 . _:b663914037 . _:b666239295 . _:b663515962 . _:b663515963 . _:b663914039 . _:b663515956 . _:b663516497 "(forall (x y) (if (and (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (SpatioTemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [096-001] " . _:b666239129 . _:b663515957 . _:b665861946 "(forall (x) (iff (Occurrent x) (and (Entity x) (exists (y) (temporalPartOf y x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [079-001] " . _:b663914033 . _:b666208934 "middle intestine"^^ . _:b663515958 . _:b663515959 . _:b663914035 . _:b666239130 . _:b663515952 . _:b663515953 . _:b663515954 . _:b665862735 . _:b663515955 . _:b663515852 . _:b663913583 "UMLS:C0020885"^^ . _:b663515853 . _:b663515854 . _:b665862770 . _:b663914042 . _:b666239276 . _:b663515855 . _:b665862771 . _:b663516005 . _:b666209344 "A temporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of time as defined relative to some reference frame. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [100-001])"@en . _:b663913525 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b665862768 . _:b663515848 . _:b663520309 "VHOG:0000053"^^ . _:b666209068 . _:b663515849 . _:b665862769 . _:b663515850 . _:b663515851 . _:b663515844 . _:b665862772 . _:b663914022 . _:b663515845 . _:b665862773 . _:b663914017 . _:b663515846 . _:b665861183 . _:b663913664 . _:b663515847 . _:b663515998 . _:b663515840 . _:b663914028 . _:b663515841 . _:b663515842 . _:b663515843 . _:b663515868 . _:b663520259 "FMA"^^ . _:b663914030 . _:b663914024 . _:b663914170 . _:b663515869 . _:b663914031 . _:b663515975 "ncithesaurus:Stomach"^^ . _:b663515870 . _:b663914026 . _:b663913664 . _:b663515871 . _:b663914169 . _:b665862755 . _:b663515864 . _:b666208859 . _:b663520372 "FMA:71131"^^ . _:b663515865 . _:b663515986 . _:b663520373 "FMA:71131"^^ . _:b663515866 . _:b663515987 . _:b666208857 . _:b663515985 . _:b665805637 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b663515867 . _:b663520959 . _:b666208862 . _:b663914007 . _:b663515860 . _:b663520958 . _:b665862756 . _:b663515861 . _:b663520957 . _:b666208860 . _:b663515862 . _:b663520956 . _:b666208861 . _:b665805376 "(forall (x) (if (Disposition x) (and (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (bearerOfAt x y t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [062-002] " . _:b663515863 . _:b665860526 "(forall (x) (if (ProcessBoundary x) (exists (y) (and (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion y) (occupiesTemporalRegion x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [085-002] " . _:b665862760 . _:b663515856 . _:b665862761 . _:b663515857 . _:b665860751 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b663515858 . _:b663515859 . _:b666208854 . _:b663914015 . _:b663515884 . _:b666208855 . _:b663515974 . _:b663515885 . _:b663515972 . _:b663515886 . _:b663515973 . _:b663515887 . _:b663914011 . _:b663515880 . _:b663913986 . _:b663515881 . _:b665805381 "A zero-dimensional spatial region is a point in space. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [037-001])"@en . _:b666209662 . _:b663515882 . _:b666209663 . _:b663515883 . _:b663515876 . _:b666238938 "zero dimension continuant fiat boundaries are not spatial points. Considering the example 'the quadripoint where the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona meet' : There are many frames in which that point is zooming through many points in space. Whereas, no matter what the frame, the quadripoint is always in the same relation to the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona."@en . _:b666209661 . _:b663515877 . _:b663515878 . _:b663515879 . _:b663913987 . _:b663913635 . _:b663515872 . _:b663515873 . _:b663515874 . _:b663515875 . _:b663515900 . _:b663515901 . _:b663913993 . _:b663515902 . _:b666239171 . _:b663515903 . _:b663521086 _:b663521089 . _:b663913995 . _:b663515896 . . _:b665862726 "If b is a realizable entity then for all t at which b exists, b s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [063-002])"@en . _:b663515897 . _:b666238452 "UMLS:C0020885"^^ . _:b663515898 . _:b663914262 "blind intestine"^^ . _:b663515899 . _:b663515892 . _:b663515893 . _:b663913291 "b is a site means: b is a three-dimensional immaterial entity that is (partially or wholly) bounded by a material entity or it is a three-dimensional immaterial part thereof. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [034-002])"@en . _:b663515894 . _:b663516077 . _:b663515895 . _:b665797848 . _:b666209714 . _:b663520731 . _:b663515888 . _:b666209713 . _:b663520250 "caeca"^^ . _:b663515889 . _:b663520733 . _:b663515890 . _:b663520732 . _:b663515891 . _:b663521070 _:b663521073 . _:b663520735 . _:b663515788 . _:b663520734 . _:b663515789 . _:b663516068 . _:b663515790 . _:b663521084 _:b663521083 . _:b663515791 . _:b663521075 _:b663521078 . _:b663515784 . _:b663515785 . _:b663515786 . _:b663521083 _:b663521082 . _:b663914228 . _:b663515787 . _:b665861244 . _:b663515780 . _:b665861245 . _:b663914226 . _:b663515781 . _:b665861246 . _:b663914227 . _:b663515782 . _:b665861247 . _:b663913983 "All continuant parts of spatial regions are spatial regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [036-001])"@en . _:b663516060 . _:b663515783 . _:b665861240 . _:b663521081 _:b663521084 . _:b663521077 _:b663521076 . _:b663521078 _:b663521077 . _:b665805483 . _:b663515776 . _:b665861241 . _:b663521072 _:b663521071 . _:b663515777 . _:b666209355 "Each spatiotemporal region projects_onto some temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [098-001])"@en . _:b665861242 . _:b663914239 . _:b666239200 "intestinum ileum"^^ . _:b663516059 . _:b663515778 . _:b665861243 . _:b663520103 . _:b663515779 . _:b665861236 . _:b663516058 . _:b665860503 "(iff (SpecificallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (forall (t) (if (existsAt a t) (exists (b) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (not (SpatialRegion b)) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [050-003] " . _:b663515804 . _:b665861237 . _:b663520751 . _:b665798732 "It appears that the stomach has an ancient origin. The stomach first appears in the fish lineage. The prevertebrate chordates do not have a true stomach, whereas the cartilaginous and bony fish do. Although most fish do have a true stomach, some fish species appear to have lost the stomach secondarily. The remaining vertebrate lineages do have a true stomach (at least in the adult animal), although there is great variation in the size and shape of the stomach.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663515805 . _:b665861238 . _:b663521073 _:b663521072 . _:b663520737 . _:b663515806 . _:b665861239 . _:b663521025 _:b663521024 . _:b665798763 "A pouch in the digestive tract that connects the ileum with the ascending colon of the large intestine. It is separated from the ileum by the ileocecal valve, and is the beginning of the large intestine. It is also separated from the colon by the cecocolic junction."^^ . _:b663521026 _:b663521025 . _:b663520736 . _:b663515807 . _:b665861232 . _:b663520739 . _:b663515800 . _:b665861233 . _:b663520125 . _:b663520738 . _:b663515801 . _:b665861234 . _:b663516048 . _:b663516171 . _:b663515802 . _:b665861235 . _:b663914070 . _:b663516049 . _:b663520740 . _:b663515803 . _:b665861228 . _:b663516491 "All parts of spatiotemporal regions are spatiotemporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [096-001])"@en . _:b663515796 . _:b665861229 . _:b663914019 "(forall (x) (if (Quality x) (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [055-001] " . _:b663515797 . _:b665861230 . _:b663521164 . _:b663914179 . _:b665805344 "(forall (x t) (if (IndependentContinuant x) (exists (r) (and (SpatialRegion r) (locatedInAt x r t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [134-001] " . _:b663515798 . _:b665861231 . _:b663913490 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b663515799 . _:b665861224 . _:b663914069 . _:b663914067 . _:b663515792 . _:b665863046 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665861225 . _:b663515793 . _:b665861226 . _:b663515794 . _:b665861227 . _:b665862693 "b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002])"@en . _:b663515795 . _:b665861220 . _:b663515820 . _:b665861221 . _:b663914072 . _:b665861549 "middle intestine"^^ . _:b663515821 . _:b665861222 . _:b663515822 . _:b665861223 . _:b663914074 . _:b663515823 . _:b665861216 . _:b663520752 . _:b663520891 . _:b663515816 . _:b665861217 . _:b663515817 . _:b665861218 . _:b663520140 . _:b663515818 . _:b665861219 . _:b663515819 . _:b665861212 . _:b663515812 . _:b665861213 . _:b663914048 . _:b663515813 . _:b665861214 . _:b663521028 _:b663521029 . _:b663913477 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b663515814 . _:b665861215 . _:b665806441 "ncithesaurus:Ileum"^^ . _:b663914050 . _:b665806483 . _:b665861208 . _:b663515815 . _:b663515808 . _:b665861209 . _:b663520694 . _:b663515809 . _:b665861210 . _:b663515810 . _:b665861211 . _:b663516159 . _:b663914062 . _:b663515811 . _:b665861204 . _:b663520695 . _:b663914057 . _:b663515836 . _:b665863018 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665861205 . _:b663515837 . _:b665861206 . _:b663520693 . _:b665806488 . _:b665861207 . _:b663515838 . _:b663515839 . _:b665861200 . _:b663914059 . _:b663515832 . _:b665861201 . _:b663515833 . _:b665861202 . _:b666208679 "(iff (TwoDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [033-001] " . _:b663521136 _:b663521139 . _:b663913995 . _:b665861203 . _:b663515834 . _:b663520696 . _:b663521144 _:b663521143 . _:b663515835 . _:b665861196 . _:b663519951 "if b is a continuant and if, for some t, c has_continuant_part b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [126-001])"@en . _:b663521145 _:b663521144 . _:b663913997 . _:b665861197 . _:b663515828 . _:b663913996 . _:b665861198 . _:b663515829 . _:b663521142 _:b663521145 . _:b666238992 . _:b665798165 . _:b663913999 . _:b665861199 . _:b663515830 . _:b663913998 . _:b665861192 . _:b663515831 . _:b663515824 . _:b665861193 . _:b663515825 . _:b665861194 . _:b663515826 . _:b665861195 . _:b663515827 . _:b665861188 . _:b663521139 _:b663521138 . _:b663515724 . _:b665861189 . _:b665798494 "Temporal region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of a temporal instant and a temporal interval that doesn't overlap the instant. In this case the resultant temporal region is neither 0-dimensional nor 1-dimensional"@en . _:b663515725 . _:b665861190 . _:b663521138 _:b663521137 . _:b663515726 . _:b665861191 . _:b663521125 _:b663521128 . _:b663515727 . _:b665861184 . _:b665861549 "BTO:0000657"^^ . _:b666239022 . _:b663515720 . _:b665861185 . _:b663515721 . _:b665861186 . _:b663521128 _:b663521127 . _:b665861547 "BTO:0000657"^^ . _:b663515722 . _:b665861187 . _:b663515723 . _:b665863037 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663515716 . _:b665798521 "(forall (x t) (if (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (bearerOfAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [060-002] " . _:b663520066 "A primary bacterial infectious disease caused by the bacteria of the genus Salmonella. It has sypmtoms diarrhea, fever, vomiting, and abdominal cramps 12 to 72 hours after infection. In most cases, the illness lasts four to seven days, and most people recover without treatment." . _:b663515717 . _:b665863027 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665861310 . _:b663521133 _:b663521132 . _:b663521120 _:b663521123 . _:b663521134 _:b663521133 . _:b663515718 . _:b665862899 . _:b665861311 . _:b663914015 . _:b666238374 "BTO:0001158"^^ . _:b663515719 . _:b663521123 _:b663521122 . _:b663914001 . _:b663515712 . _:b663914000 . _:b663914329 . _:b663515713 . _:b663521122 _:b663521121 . _:b663914003 . _:b665861307 . _:b663914328 . _:b663515714 . _:b663914002 . _:b665861300 . _:b663914331 . _:b663515715 . _:b665861200 "(forall (x) (iff (Occurrent x) (and (Entity x) (exists (y) (temporalPartOf y x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [079-001] " . _:b663515740 . _:b665861301 . _:b663914330 . _:b663914004 . _:b665861302 . _:b663914333 . _:b663515741 . _:b663521127 _:b663521126 . _:b663521131 _:b663521134 . _:b663515742 . _:b663914332 . _:b663520204 . _:b663521109 _:b663521106 . _:b663515743 . _:b665861296 . _:b663520205 . _:b663521108 _:b663521107 . _:b663521110 _:b663521109 . _:b663515736 . _:b665861297 . _:b663520206 . _:b663521109 _:b663521108 . _:b663515737 . _:b665861298 . _:b663520207 . _:b663515738 . _:b665861299 . _:b663520200 . _:b663515739 . _:b665861292 . _:b663520201 . _:b665805406 "b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001])"@en . _:b663515732 . _:b665861293 . _:b663520202 . _:b663516000 "intestinum rectum"^^ . _:b663515733 . _:b665861294 . _:b663520203 . _:b663515734 . _:b665861295 . _:b663520196 . _:b663515735 . _:b665861288 . _:b663914327 . _:b663520197 . _:b666208992 "A proximal-distal subdivision of the digestive tract."^^ . _:b663515728 . _:b665861289 . _:b663914326 . _:b663520198 . _:b663515729 . _:b665861290 . _:b663914016 . _:b663520199 . _:b663521105 _:b663521110 . _:b663515730 . _:b665861291 . _:b663520192 . _:b666237900 . _:b663515731 . _:b665861284 . _:b663520193 . _:b666237901 . _:b663515756 . _:b665861285 . _:b663520194 . _:b666237902 . _:b663521088 _:b663521087 . _:b663515757 . _:b665861286 . _:b663520195 . _:b666237903 . _:b665806193 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathogenic_bacteria" . _:b663515758 . _:b665861287 . _:b663520220 . _:b666237896 . _:b663515759 . _:b665861280 . _:b663521150 _:b663521153 . _:b663520221 . _:b666237897 . _:b665797999 "DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1996.tb01658.x Mallatt J, Ventilation and the origin of jawed vertebrates: a new mouth. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (1996)"^^ . _:b665861281 . _:b663515752 . _:b665805452 "url:http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf" . _:b663520222 . _:b666237898 . _:b663515753 . _:b665861282 . _:b663520223 . _:b666237899 . _:b663521089 _:b663521088 . _:b663515754 . _:b665861283 . _:b663520216 . _:b666237892 . _:b663515755 . _:b665861276 . _:b663520217 . _:b666237893 . _:b663515748 . _:b665861277 . _:b663520218 . _:b666237894 . _:b663914044 . _:b663515749 . _:b665861278 . _:b663520219 . _:b666237895 . _:b663521099 _:b663521102 . _:b663914045 . _:b663515750 . _:b665862992 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665861279 . _:b663520212 . _:b666237888 . _:b665860556 . _:b663914046 . _:b663515751 . _:b665861272 . _:b663520213 . _:b666237889 . _:b663914047 . _:b663515744 . _:b665861273 . _:b663520214 . _:b666237890 . _:b663515745 . _:b665861274 . _:b663520215 . _:b666237891 . _:b663515746 . _:b665861275 . _:b663520758 . _:b663520208 . _:b666237916 . _:b663515747 . _:b665861268 . _:b663520753 . _:b663914035 . _:b666237917 . _:b663520209 . _:b663515772 . _:b665861269 . _:b663914036 . _:b666237918 . _:b663520210 . _:b665805401 "A three-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of three dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [040-001])"@en . _:b663521114 _:b663521115 . _:b663515773 . _:b665862955 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665861270 . _:b663521101 _:b663521100 . _:b663520211 . _:b666237919 . _:b663521102 _:b663521101 . _:b663515774 . _:b665861271 . _:b663520764 . _:b663520236 . _:b666237912 . _:b663515775 . _:b665861264 . _:b663520237 . _:b666237913 . _:b665798089 . _:b663515768 . _:b665861265 . _:b663516795 "Intestinal surface area also is increased in amphibians and reptiles by internal folds and occasionally by a few villi. The intestine can be divided into a small intestine and a slightly wider large intestine.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663520238 . _:b666237914 . . _:b665798088 . _:b663515769 . _:b665861266 . _:b663520239 . _:b666237915 . _:b663913525 . _:b665798091 . _:b663515770 . _:b665861267 . _:b663520760 . _:b663520766 . _:b663520232 . _:b666237908 . _:b665798090 . _:b663515771 . _:b665861260 . _:b663520767 . _:b663520233 . _:b666237909 . _:b665798093 . _:b663515764 . _:b665861261 . _:b663520762 . _:b663520234 . _:b666237910 . _:b665798092 . _:b663515765 . _:b665861262 . _:b663520235 . _:b666237911 . _:b666209682 . _:b665798095 . _:b663515766 . _:b665861263 . _:b663520228 . _:b666237904 . _:b665861945 "(forall (x) (if (Occurrent x) (exists (r) (and (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x r))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [108-001] " . _:b665798094 . _:b663515767 . _:b665861256 . _:b663520229 . _:b666237905 . _:b663520969 _:b663520970 . _:b663914048 . _:b665861257 . _:b663515760 . _:b663515744 "A spatiotemporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of spacetime. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [095-001])"@en . _:b663520230 . _:b666237906 . _:b666209681 . _:b663914049 . _:b665862338 . _:b665861577 . _:b665861258 . _:b663516804 "The fixed portion of the small intestine deeply lodged in the posterior wall of the abdomen and extending from the pylorus to the beginning of the jejunum. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663515761 . _:b663520743 . _:b663520231 . _:b666237907 . _:b663515762 . _:b665861259 . _:b663520224 . _:b666237932 . _:b663515763 . _:b665861252 . _:b663515918 "UMLS:C0021851"^^ . _:b666237933 . _:b663914092 . _:b663520225 . _:b663515660 . _:b665861580 . _:b665861253 . _:b663520226 . _:b666237934 . _:b663515661 . _:b665861254 . _:b663520227 . _:b666237935 . _:b663515662 . _:b666209592 "Tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach. In mammals, the oesophagus connects the buccal cavity with the stomach. The stratified squamous non-keratinised epithelium lining the buccal cavity is continued through the pharynx down into the oesophagus. The lowest part of the oesophagus (ca. 2 cm) is lined with gastric mucosa and covered by peritoneum. The main body of the oesophagus is lined with small, simple mucous glands. Each gland opens into the lumen by a long duct which pierces the muscularis mucosae (Wilson and Washington, 1989). A sphincter is situated at the point where the oesophagus enters the stomach to prevent gastro-oesophageal reflux, i.e. to prevent acidic gastric contents from reaching stratified epithelia of the oesophagus, where they can cause inflammation and irritation (Wilson and Washington, 1989; Brown et al., 1993)."^^ . _:b665861255 . _:b663520252 . _:b666237928 . _:b663515663 . _:b665861248 . _:b663520253 . _:b666237929 . _:b663515656 . _:b665861249 . . _:b663520254 . _:b666237930 . _:b663515657 . _:b665861250 . _:b663520751 . _:b663520255 . _:b666237931 . _:b663515658 . _:b665861251 . _:b663520248 . _:b666237924 . _:b663515659 . _:b663520249 . _:b666237925 . _:b663515652 . _:b663520250 . _:b666237926 . _:b663515653 . _:b663520747 . _:b663520251 . _:b666237927 . _:b665862042 "a zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a fiat point whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [031-001])"@en . _:b663515654 . _:b663520722 . _:b663520244 . _:b666237920 . _:b663515655 . _:b663520245 . _:b666237921 . _:b663515648 . _:b663914067 . _:b666237922 . _:b663520246 . _:b663515649 . _:b665862967 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663520247 . _:b666237923 . _:b663515650 . _:b663520240 . _:b666237948 . _:b663515651 . _:b663520241 . _:b666237949 . _:b663515676 . _:b663914225 "WP:Stomach#In_other_animals"^^ . _:b663520242 . _:b666237950 . _:b663913502 . _:b665860635 . _:b663515677 . _:b663520723 . _:b663520243 . _:b666237951 . _:b663515678 . _:b663520140 . _:b666237944 . _:b663515679 . _:b663914068 . _:b666237945 . _:b666209672 . _:b663520141 . _:b663515672 . _:b663520142 . _:b666237946 . _:b666209673 . _:b663515673 . _:b663520143 . _:b666237947 . _:b663515674 . _:b663520136 . _:b666237940 . _:b663521016 _:b663521015 . _:b663515675 . _:b663520729 . _:b663520137 . _:b666237941 . _:b663521017 _:b663521016 . _:b663515668 . _:b663520138 . _:b666237942 . _:b663515669 . _:b663521014 _:b663521017 . _:b663520731 . _:b663520139 . _:b666237943 . _:b663515670 . _:b663520132 . _:b666237936 . _:b663515671 . _:b663520133 . _:b666237937 . _:b663515664 . _:b663520716 . _:b663913491 "VHOG:0000450"^^ . _:b663520704 . _:b663520134 . _:b666237938 . _:b663515665 . _:b663520705 . _:b663520135 . _:b666237939 . _:b663515666 . _:b663520714 . _:b663520128 . _:b666237836 . _:b663515667 . _:b663520715 . _:b663520129 . _:b666237837 . . _:b663520712 . _:b663515692 . _:b663520706 . _:b663520130 . _:b666237838 . _:b663515693 . _:b663520713 . _:b663520131 . _:b666237839 . _:b665805776 . _:b663515694 . _:b665862870 . _:b663520156 . _:b663515695 . _:b663520711 . _:b663520157 . _:b663515688 . _:b665862942 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665797854 . _:b663520718 . _:b663520158 . _:b663515689 . _:b663520159 . _:b666237835 . _:b663515690 . _:b663520152 . _:b663515691 . _:b663520153 . _:b663515684 . _:b663520154 . _:b663515685 . _:b663520717 . _:b663520155 . _:b663515686 . _:b663520148 . _:b663515687 . _:b665862320 . _:b663520149 . _:b663515680 . _:b663520150 . _:b663515681 . _:b663520151 . _:b663515917 "ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.566"^^ . _:b663515682 . _:b663520377 . _:b663520144 . _:b666237852 . _:b663515683 . _:b663520145 . _:b666237853 . _:b663515708 . _:b665862325 . _:b663520146 . _:b666237854 . _:b663515709 . _:b663520147 . _:b666237855 . _:b663515710 . _:b663520172 . _:b666237848 . _:b663515711 . _:b663521054 "the portion of the small intestine that extends from the duodenum to the ileum"^^ . _:b663520173 . _:b666237849 . _:b663515704 . _:b663520174 . _:b666237850 . _:b663515705 . _:b665806220 "1"^^ . _:b663520175 . _:b666237851 . _:b663515706 . _:b665806221 "1"^^ . _:b663520168 . _:b666237844 . _:b663515707 . _:b663520169 . _:b666237845 . _:b663515700 . _:b663520170 . _:b666238181 "(iff (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ImmaterialEntity a) (exists (b) (and (or (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b)) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))) (not (exists (c t) (and (SpatialRegion c) (continuantPartOfAt c a t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [029-001] " . _:b666237846 . _:b663515701 . _:b663520171 . _:b666237847 . _:b663515702 . _:b663520164 . _:b666237840 . _:b663515703 . _:b663520165 . _:b666237841 . _:b663520828 "A disease of anatomical entity that is located_in the gastrointestinal tract." . _:b663515696 . _:b665862886 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663914312 "UMLS:C0013303"^^ . _:b663520166 . _:b666237842 . _:b663515697 . _:b666238378 "A pouch in the digestive tract that connects the ileum with the ascending colon of the large intestine. It is separated from the ileum by the ileocecal valve, and is the beginning of the large intestine. It is also separated from the colon by the cecocolic junction."^^ . _:b663520167 . _:b666237843 . _:b663515698 . _:b663520160 . _:b666237868 . _:b663515699 . _:b663520161 . _:b666237869 . _:b663516620 . _:b663520162 . _:b666237870 . _:b663516621 . _:b666209392 "A three-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of three dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [040-001])"@en . _:b665861318 . _:b663520163 . _:b666237871 . _:b663516748 _:b663516749 . _:b663516622 . _:b666208803 "1"^^ . _:b663520188 . _:b666237864 . _:b663521023 _:b663521026 . _:b663516206 . _:b663516623 . _:b665861312 . _:b663520189 . _:b666237865 . _:b663516616 . _:b665861313 . _:b663520190 . _:b666237866 . _:b663520922 _:b663520926 . _:b663516739 _:b663516740 . _:b663516617 . _:b663520191 . _:b666237867 . _:b663520919 _:b663520918 . _:b663516618 . _:b663520184 . _:b666237860 . _:b663516619 . _:b663520185 . _:b666237861 . _:b666208804 "1"^^ . _:b663914417 . _:b663516612 . _:b663520186 . _:b666237862 . _:b665797944 . _:b663516613 . _:b663520187 . _:b666237863 . _:b663516614 . _:b665862896 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663520180 . _:b666237856 . _:b663520927 _:b663520931 . _:b663516741 _:b663516742 . _:b663516615 . _:b663520181 . _:b666237857 . _:b663520926 _:b663520923 . _:b663516608 . _:b663520182 . _:b666237858 . _:b663516609 . _:b663520925 _:b663520924 . _:b663520183 . _:b666237859 . _:b663516764 _:b663516765 . _:b663520926 _:b663520925 . _:b663516610 . _:b663520920 _:b663520917 . _:b663520176 . _:b666237884 . _:b663516611 . _:b663520916 _:b663520921 . _:b663520177 . _:b666237885 . _:b663520921 _:b663520920 . _:b663516636 . _:b663520178 . _:b666237886 . _:b663516637 . _:b663520920 _:b663520919 . _:b663520179 . _:b666237887 . _:b663913368 . _:b663516638 . _:b665860502 . _:b663520076 . _:b666237880 . _:b663520939 _:b663520938 . _:b663516639 . _:b665860503 . _:b663520077 . _:b666237881 . _:b665798124 . _:b663516632 . _:b665862981 "blindgut"^^ . _:b666238977 . _:b663520078 . _:b666238456 . _:b666237882 . _:b663516633 . _:b665860501 . _:b663520079 . _:b666237883 . _:b663516634 . _:b663520940 _:b663520939 . _:b663520072 . _:b666237876 . _:b663516635 . _:b663520073 . _:b666237877 . _:b663516628 . _:b663520074 . _:b666237878 . _:b663516629 . _:b663520075 . _:b666237879 . _:b663516630 . _:b663520068 . _:b666237872 . _:b663516631 . _:b663520931 _:b663520930 . _:b663520069 . _:b666237873 . _:b663516624 . _:b663520931 _:b663520928 . _:b663520070 . _:b666237874 . _:b663516625 . _:b665862743 "(forall (x) (if (Role x) (RealizableEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [061-001] " . _:b663520930 _:b663520929 . _:b663520071 . _:b666237875 . _:b665806229 . _:b663516626 . _:b663520064 . _:b663516627 . _:b663520937 _:b663520940 . _:b663520065 . _:b663516652 . _:b663516579 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campylobacteriosis" . _:b666238366 . _:b663520066 . _:b663516653 . _:b663520067 . _:b666238367 . _:b663516654 . _:b663520092 . _:b663516655 . _:b663520093 . _:b663516648 . _:b663520094 . _:b663516649 . _:b663520095 . _:b663520413 . _:b663520944 _:b663520947 . _:b663516650 . _:b663520088 . _:b663516651 . _:b665861404 . _:b663520089 . _:b663516644 . _:b665861405 . _:b663520438 . _:b663520090 . _:b663516645 . _:b663520439 . _:b663520091 . _:b663914271 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b663516646 . _:b663520084 . _:b663516647 . _:b663520085 . _:b663516640 . _:b665861401 . _:b663520086 . _:b663516641 . _:b665861402 . _:b666208798 "1"^^ . _:b666208879 "3"^^ . _:b663520087 . _:b663516642 . _:b665861403 . _:b663516536 "(iff (GenericallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (exists (b t) (genericallyDependsOnAt a b t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [074-001] " . _:b663520080 . _:b666208799 "1"^^ . _:b663516643 . _:b665861396 . _:b663520947 _:b663520946 . _:b663520081 . _:b663516668 . _:b663520082 . _:b663516669 . _:b663520946 _:b663520945 . _:b663520083 . _:b663516670 . _:b663520882 _:b663520885 . _:b663520108 . _:b663520893 _:b663520892 . _:b663913296 "A function is a disposition that exists in virtue of the bearer\u2019s physical make-up and this physical make-up is something the bearer possesses because it came into being, either through evolution (in the case of natural biological entities) or through intentional design (in the case of artifacts), in order to realize processes of a certain sort. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [064-001])"@en . _:b663516671 . _:b665861392 . _:b663520418 . _:b663520109 . _:b663516664 . _:b665861393 . _:b663520110 . _:b663516665 . _:b665861394 . _:b663520111 . _:b666238371 . _:b663520892 _:b663520891 . _:b663516666 . _:b665861395 . _:b663520104 . _:b663516667 . _:b663520105 . _:b666238369 . _:b663516660 . _:b663520106 . _:b666238374 . _:b665862841 . _:b663516661 . _:b666238245 . _:b663520107 . _:b663520878 _:b663520879 . _:b663516662 . _:b665860657 "AAO:0000246"^^ . _:b663520100 . _:b666238372 . _:b665861301 "A bacterial infectious disease that results_in infection by bacteria as a result of their presence or activity within the normal, healthy host, and their intrinsic virulence is, in part, a necessary consequence of their need to reproduce and spread." . _:b663520866 _:b663520867 . _:b663516663 . _:b663520101 . _:b666238373 . _:b663520884 _:b663520883 . _:b663516656 . _:b663520890 _:b663520893 . _:b663520102 . _:b663520885 _:b663520884 . _:b663520880 _:b663520878 . _:b663516657 . _:b663520103 . _:b663516658 . _:b663520096 . _:b665805543 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b663516659 . _:b663520097 . _:b663516556 . _:b663516663 "Intestinal surface area also is increased in amphibians and reptiles by internal folds and occasionally by a few villi. The intestine can be divided into a small intestine and a slightly wider large intestine.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663520098 . _:b663516557 . _:b663520099 . _:b663520881 _:b663520880 . _:b663516558 . _:b663520124 . _:b663520875 _:b663520874 . _:b663516559 . _:b663520125 . _:b663914338 . _:b665797959 . _:b663516552 . _:b663520126 . _:b663516553 . _:b663520127 . _:b663914340 . _:b663516554 . _:b663520876 _:b663520875 . _:b663520120 . _:b663516555 . _:b665861500 . _:b663520121 . _:b663520867 _:b663520870 . _:b663516548 . _:b665861501 . _:b663520122 . _:b663914343 . _:b663520864 _:b663520863 . _:b663516549 . _:b663520123 . _:b663516550 . _:b663520116 . _:b663516551 . _:b663520117 . _:b663516544 . _:b665861497 . _:b663520118 . _:b663516545 . _:b665861498 . _:b663520119 . _:b663913489 . _:b663520865 _:b663520864 . _:b663516546 . _:b665861499 . _:b663520112 . _:b663516547 . _:b663520873 _:b663520876 . _:b663520869 _:b663520868 . _:b663520113 . _:b663520870 _:b663520869 . _:b663516572 . _:b663520877 _:b663520881 . _:b665860522 "A function is a disposition that exists in virtue of the bearer\u2019s physical make-up and this physical make-up is something the bearer possesses because it came into being, either through evolution (in the case of natural biological entities) or through intentional design (in the case of artifacts), in order to realize processes of a certain sort. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [064-001])"@en . _:b663520114 . _:b663516573 . _:b665861494 . _:b663520115 . _:b663516574 . _:b665861495 . _:b663520855 _:b663520854 . _:b663520012 . _:b663516575 . _:b665862290 "the portion of the small intestine that extends from the duodenum to the ileum"^^ . _:b665861488 . _:b663520013 . _:b663516568 . _:b665861489 . _:b663520854 _:b663520853 . _:b663520014 . _:b663516569 . _:b666209594 . _:b665861490 . _:b663520855 _:b663520852 . _:b663520015 . _:b666209595 . _:b666209593 . _:b663516570 . _:b665861491 . _:b663520008 . _:b663516571 . _:b665861484 . _:b663520009 . _:b665798196 . _:b663516564 . _:b665861485 . _:b666209432 . _:b663520010 . _:b665798493 "(forall (x) (if (SpatialRegion x) (Continuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [035-001] " . _:b663516565 . _:b665861486 . _:b663520011 . _:b663516566 . _:b665861487 . _:b663520004 . _:b665798193 . _:b663516567 . _:b663520862 _:b663520865 . _:b663520005 . _:b663520851 _:b663520855 . _:b663516560 . _:b665861481 . _:b663520006 . _:b663516561 . _:b665861482 . _:b663520007 . _:b663516562 . _:b665861483 . _:b663520000 . _:b663516563 . _:b665861476 . _:b663520001 . _:b666209582 . _:b663516588 . _:b665861477 . _:b663913516 "blind intestine"^^ . _:b666209580 . _:b663520002 . _:b663516589 . _:b663520003 . _:b663516590 . _:b666209581 . _:b665861479 . _:b663520028 . _:b666238932 "(forall (x y) (if (processProfileOf x y) (and (properContinuantPartOf x y) (exists (z t) (and (properOccurrentPartOf z y) (TemporalRegion t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion y t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion z t) (not (exists (w) (and (occurrentPartOf w x) (occurrentPartOf w z))))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [094-005] " . _:b666238436 "proximal intestine"^^ . _:b665862871 . _:b663516591 . _:b665861472 . _:b663520029 . _:b663516584 . _:b663520030 . _:b663516585 . _:b665861474 . _:b663520031 . _:b663516586 . _:b665861475 . _:b663520839 _:b663520838 . _:b663520024 . _:b663516587 . _:b663520769 "b is an object aggregate means: b is a material entity consisting exactly of a plurality of objects as member_parts at all times at which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [025-004])"@en . _:b663520025 . _:b663520840 _:b663520843 . _:b663516580 . _:b665861469 . _:b663520838 _:b663520837 . _:b663520026 . _:b663516581 . _:b665861470 . _:b663520027 . _:b665860791 "In humans, the duodenum is a hollow jointed tube about 10-15 inches (25-38 centimetres) long connecting the stomach to the jejunum. It begins with the duodenal bulb and ends at the ligament of Treitz."^^ . _:b663516582 . _:b663520020 . _:b663520861 _:b663520862 . _:b663520811 "A bacterial infectious disease that results_in infection by bacteria as a result of their presence or activity within the normal, healthy host, and their intrinsic virulence is, in part, a necessary consequence of their need to reproduce and spread." . _:b663516583 . _:b665861464 . _:b663520842 _:b663520841 . _:b663520021 . _:b663516576 . _:b665861465 . _:b663520438 . _:b663520022 . _:b663520292 . _:b663914410 . _:b663520836 _:b663520839 . _:b663516577 . _:b663520843 _:b663520842 . _:b663520439 . _:b663520023 . _:b663520293 . _:b663516578 . _:b663520856 _:b663520857 . _:b663520016 . _:b663516579 . _:b665863032 "upper intestine"^^ . _:b663520291 . _:b663520017 . _:b663516604 . _:b665861461 . _:b663520018 . _:b663914335 . _:b663516605 . _:b665861462 . _:b663516049 "VHOG:0000055"^^ . _:b665860482 "(forall (x y) (if (and (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (SpatioTemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [096-001] " . _:b663520019 . _:b663914140 . _:b663516501 . _:b663516049 "ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.566"^^ . _:b663516606 . _:b665861463 . _:b663520302 . _:b663520044 . _:b666238908 . _:b663516607 . _:b663520045 . _:b663520303 . _:b663516499 . _:b663516600 . _:b663520046 . _:b663516498 . _:b666238559 . _:b663516601 . _:b663520047 . _:b663516497 . _:b663516602 . _:b663520040 . _:b663516496 . _:b663516603 . _:b665861452 . _:b663516905 . _:b663520041 . _:b663520815 _:b663520814 . _:b663516511 . _:b663516596 . _:b665861453 . _:b663520042 . _:b663516597 . _:b665861454 . _:b663520043 . _:b663516509 . _:b663516598 . _:b663520310 . _:b663516900 . _:b663520036 . _:b663516508 . _:b663516599 . _:b665861448 . _:b663520037 . _:b663520311 . _:b663516592 . _:b665861449 . _:b663520038 . _:b663516593 . _:b665861450 . _:b663520039 . _:b663914284 . _:b663516505 . _:b663516594 . _:b666209502 . _:b665861451 . _:b663520032 . _:b663914285 . _:b663516504 . _:b663516595 . _:b663520033 . _:b663516487 . _:b663516492 . _:b663520813 _:b663520816 . _:b663520034 . _:b663520304 . _:b663516486 . _:b663516493 . _:b665861446 . _:b663520035 . _:b663516485 . _:b663516494 . _:b665861447 . _:b663520060 . _:b663516495 . _:b663520319 . _:b663520061 . _:b663516488 . _:b663520062 . _:b666209444 . _:b663516489 . _:b663520063 . _:b666238542 . _:b663516490 . _:b663520056 . _:b663516480 . _:b663516491 . _:b663520826 _:b663520825 . _:b663520057 . _:b663516495 . _:b663516484 . . _:b663520058 . _:b663520312 . _:b663516485 . _:b663520827 _:b663520826 . _:b663520059 . _:b663520313 . _:b663516486 . _:b663520052 . _:b663516487 . _:b663520816 _:b663520815 . _:b663516917 . _:b663520053 . _:b665798451 . _:b663520824 _:b663520827 . _:b663516480 . _:b663520054 . _:b666209584 "BTO:0001307"^^ . _:b663516481 . _:b663520055 . _:b663516489 . _:b663516482 . _:b663520048 . _:b665798446 . _:b663516483 . _:b665861556 . _:b663520831 _:b663520832 . _:b663520049 . _:b663516508 . _:b665861557 . _:b663520050 . _:b663516509 . _:b665861558 . _:b663520762 "b is a fiat object part = Def. b is a material entity which is such that for all times t, if b exists at t then there is some object c such that b proper continuant_part of c at t and c is demarcated from the remainder of c by a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [027-004])"@en . _:b665798441 . _:b663520051 . _:b663516533 . _:b663516510 . _:b666209506 . _:b665861559 . _:b663516876 . _:b663519948 . _:b665862856 . _:b663516511 . _:b665861552 . _:b663519949 . _:b663516059 "NCBITaxon:32443"^^ . _:b663516531 . _:b663914012 "All realizable dependent continuants have independent continuants that are not spatial regions as their bearers. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [060-002])"@en . _:b663516504 . _:b665861553 . _:b663519950 . _:b666209656 . _:b665798436 . _:b663516505 . _:b665861554 . _:b663519951 . _:b663516529 . _:b663516506 . _:b666209657 . _:b665861555 . _:b663516490 "A spatiotemporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of spacetime. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [095-001])"@en . _:b663519944 . _:b663516507 . _:b665861548 . _:b663519945 . _:b663516500 . _:b665861549 . _:b663516488 . _:b663515997 "the terminal portion of the intestinal tube, terminating with the anus"^^ . _:b663519946 . _:b663516542 . _:b665861483 "UMLS:C0007531"^^ . _:b663516501 . _:b663516489 . _:b663520265 . _:b666209356 "Every spatiotemporal region s is such that s occupies_spatiotemporal_region s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [107-002])"@en . _:b663519947 . _:b663516541 . _:b663516502 . _:b663519940 . _:b663516503 . _:b665861544 . _:b663519941 . _:b663516496 . _:b665861545 . _:b663519942 . _:b663516538 . _:b663516497 . _:b665861546 . _:b663519943 . _:b663516498 . _:b665861547 . _:b663519936 . _:b663516536 . _:b663516499 . _:b665861540 . _:b663519937 . _:b663516524 . _:b665805502 . _:b663519938 . _:b663516518 . _:b663516525 . _:b666239237 . _:b663519939 . _:b663516526 . _:b665861543 . _:b663519964 . _:b663516527 . _:b665861536 . _:b663519965 . _:b663516515 . _:b663516520 . _:b665861537 . _:b663519966 . _:b663516514 . _:b663516521 . _:b665861538 . _:b663519967 . _:b663516522 . _:b665861539 . _:b665797748 "Temporal region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of a temporal instant and a temporal interval that doesn't overlap the instant. In this case the resultant temporal region is neither 0-dimensional nor 1-dimensional"@en . _:b663519960 . _:b663516523 . _:b663519961 . _:b665798489 "Spatial region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the union of a spatial point and a spatial line that doesn't overlap the point, or two spatial lines that intersect at a single point. In both cases the resultant spatial region is neither 0-dimensional, 1-dimensional, 2-dimensional, or 3-dimensional."@en . _:b663516516 . _:b665861533 . _:b663519962 . _:b663516517 . _:b665861534 . _:b663519963 . _:b665806152 "b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001])"@en . _:b663516518 . _:b665861535 . _:b663519956 . _:b665806193 "A disease by infectious agent that results_in infection, has_material_basis_in Bacteria." . _:b663516524 . _:b663516519 . _:b665861528 . _:b663519957 . _:b663516512 . _:b665861529 . _:b663519958 . _:b663516522 . _:b663516513 . _:b663519959 . _:b663516514 . _:b663519952 . _:b665797580 . _:b663516520 . _:b663516515 . _:b665861524 . _:b663914273 "The posterior intestine has short longitudinally arranged epithelial folds which are similar to the colon of higher vertebrates. Wallace et al, 2005.[TAO]"^^ . _:b663519953 . _:b665797581 . _:b663516540 . _:b666209631 . _:b665861525 . _:b663519954 . _:b665797582 . _:b663516541 . _:b665861526 . _:b663519955 . _:b666209629 . _:b665797583 . _:b663516542 . _:b665861527 . _:b663520559 _:b663520562 . _:b663519980 . _:b666209630 . _:b665797576 . _:b663516543 . _:b663519981 . _:b663520553 _:b663520552 . _:b665797577 . _:b663516536 . _:b663519982 . _:b665797578 . _:b663516537 . _:b663520555 _:b663520554 . _:b663520552 _:b663520551 . _:b663519983 . _:b665797579 . _:b666238450 "MGI:csmith"^^ . _:b663516538 . _:b665861523 . _:b663520556 _:b663520555 . _:b663519976 . _:b665797572 . _:b663516539 . _:b663520544 _:b663520543 . _:b663519977 . _:b665797573 . _:b663516532 . _:b663519978 . _:b665797574 . _:b663516533 . _:b665862914 . _:b663519979 . _:b665797973 . _:b665797575 . _:b663520558 _:b663520557 . _:b663516534 . _:b663519972 . _:b665797568 . _:b663520546 _:b663520545 . _:b663516535 . _:b663520547 _:b663520546 . _:b663519973 . _:b665797569 . _:b663516528 . _:b666209792 . _:b663519974 . _:b663520372 . _:b665797570 . _:b663516529 . _:b666239265 . _:b663519975 . _:b663520373 . _:b665797571 . _:b663516530 . _:b663519968 . _:b665797596 . _:b663516531 . _:b663519969 . _:b665797597 . _:b663516428 . _:b663520735 "Every spatiotemporal region s is such that s occupies_spatiotemporal_region s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [107-002])"@en . _:b663519970 . _:b663520549 _:b663520548 . _:b665797598 . _:b663516429 . _:b663519971 . _:b665797599 . _:b663520550 _:b663520553 . _:b663516430 . _:b665805081 . _:b666239268 . _:b663519996 . _:b665797966 . _:b663520573 _:b663520572 . _:b665797592 . _:b666209613 . _:b663516431 . _:b663519997 . _:b665797593 . _:b665863048 "distal intestine"^^ . _:b663516424 . _:b663519998 . _:b665797594 . _:b663516425 . _:b663519999 . _:b665797595 . _:b663520574 _:b663520573 . _:b663516426 . _:b666208670 "a one-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a continuous fiat line whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [032-001])"@en . _:b663519992 . _:b665797588 . _:b663516427 . _:b663520568 _:b663520571 . _:b663519993 . _:b665797589 . _:b663516420 . _:b663519994 . _:b665797590 . _:b663520570 _:b663520569 . _:b663516421 . _:b663520571 _:b663520570 . _:b663516794 "2012-08-14"^^ . _:b663519995 . _:b663520928 . _:b665797591 . _:b663516422 . _:b665861631 . _:b663520567 _:b663520566 . _:b663519988 . _:b666209606 . _:b663520929 . _:b665797584 . _:b663516423 . _:b663519989 . _:b665797585 . _:b663516416 . _:b663520564 _:b663520563 . _:b663519990 . _:b663520565 _:b663520564 . _:b665797586 . _:b666238922 "(forall (x) (if (MaterialEntity x) (IndependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [019-002] " . _:b663516417 . _:b663519991 . _:b665797587 . _:b663516418 . _:b663519984 . _:b663520322 . _:b665797612 . _:b663520562 _:b663520561 . _:b663516419 . _:b663519985 . _:b663520323 . _:b665797613 . _:b663516444 . _:b663519986 . _:b663520320 . _:b665797614 . _:b663516445 . _:b663519987 . _:b663520321 . _:b663520561 _:b663520560 . _:b665797615 . _:b663516469 . _:b663516446 . _:b663519884 . _:b665797608 . _:b663516468 . _:b663516447 . _:b663520515 _:b663520514 . _:b663516813 . _:b663519885 . _:b665861995 "(iff (SpecificallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (forall (t) (if (existsAt a t) (exists (b) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (not (SpatialRegion b)) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [050-003] " . _:b665797609 . _:b663516440 . _:b663520513 _:b663520515 . _:b663519886 . _:b665797610 . _:b663516441 . _:b665860524 "p is a process boundary =Def. p is a temporal part of a process & p has no proper temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [084-001])"@en . _:b663519887 . _:b665797611 . _:b663516442 . _:b663519880 . _:b665797604 . _:b663516443 . _:b665798075 "BTO:0000365"^^ . _:b666239311 . _:b663519881 . _:b665797605 . _:b663516479 . _:b663516436 . _:b663519882 . _:b663520517 _:b663520516 . _:b665797606 . _:b663516437 . _:b663519883 . _:b663520518 _:b663520520 . _:b665797607 . _:b663516438 . _:b663519876 . _:b665797600 . _:b663516439 . _:b665861608 . _:b663519877 . _:b665797601 . _:b663516475 . _:b663516432 . _:b665861609 . _:b663519878 . _:b665797602 . _:b663516474 . _:b663520522 _:b663520521 . _:b663516433 . _:b663520520 _:b663520519 . _:b663516803 . _:b663519879 . _:b665797603 . _:b663516473 . _:b663520523 _:b663520525 . _:b663516434 . _:b665798076 "BTO:0000365"^^ . _:b663519872 . _:b663520525 _:b663520524 . _:b665797628 . _:b663516435 . _:b663519873 . _:b665797629 . _:b663516460 . _:b663520527 _:b663520526 . _:b663519874 . _:b665797630 . _:b663515988 "ncithesaurus:Esophagus"^^ . _:b663516461 . _:b663520994 "VHOG:0001559"^^ . _:b663519875 . _:b665797631 . _:b663516462 . _:b665861607 . _:b663520535 _:b663520534 . _:b663519900 . _:b665797624 . _:b663516463 . _:b663516768 "2012-08-14"^^ . _:b663519901 . _:b666238115 "(forall (x) (if (TemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [100-001] " . _:b665797625 . _:b663520534 _:b663520533 . _:b663521010 "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663516456 . _:b663520532 _:b663520535 . _:b663519902 . _:b665797626 . _:b663516457 . _:b663519903 . _:b665797627 . _:b663914227 "BTO:0001307"^^ . _:b663516458 . _:b663913566 "UMLS:C0013303"^^ . _:b663519896 . _:b665797620 . _:b663520530 _:b663520529 . _:b663516459 . _:b665863084 . _:b663520531 _:b663520530 . _:b663519897 . _:b665797621 . _:b663516452 . _:b663516822 . _:b666208928 "3"^^ . _:b663519898 . _:b663520541 _:b663520544 . _:b665797622 . _:b663516462 . _:b663516453 . _:b663520528 _:b663520531 . _:b663519899 . _:b665797623 . _:b663516461 . _:b663516454 . _:b663520540 _:b663520539 . _:b663519892 . _:b663914225 "We restrict this to the vertebrate specific structure - see the grouping class 'food storage organ' for analogous structures in other species. Teleosts: Zebrafish is functionally stomach-less, but may retain ontogenic footprint. Although the precise shape and size of the stomach varies widely among different vertebrates, the relative positions of the oesophageal and duodenal openings remain relatively constant. As a result, the organ always curves somewhat to the left before curving back to meet the pyloric sphincter. However, lampreys, hagfishes, chimaeras, lungfishes, and some teleost fish have no stomach at all, with the oesophagus opening directly into the intestine. The gastric lining is usually divided into two regions, an anterior portion lined by fundic glands, and a posterior with pyloric glands. Cardiac glands are unique to mammals, and even then are absent in a number of species. The distributions of these glands vary between species, and do not always correspond with the same regions as in man. Furthermore, in many non-human mammals, a portion of the stomach anterior to the cardiac glands is lined with epithelium essentially identical to that of the oesophagus. Ruminants, in particular, have a complex stomach, the first three chambers of which are all lined with oesophageal mucosa"^^ . _:b663516460 . _:b665797616 . _:b663520156 . _:b663516455 . _:b665805080 . _:b663519893 . _:b663520157 . _:b663516459 . _:b665797617 . _:b663516448 . _:b663520543 _:b663520542 . _:b663519894 . _:b663520158 . _:b665797618 . _:b663516449 . _:b663519895 . _:b663520159 . _:b665797619 . _:b663516450 . _:b663519888 . _:b665797516 . _:b663516451 . _:b666208937 "3"^^ . _:b663519889 . _:b663520537 _:b663520536 . _:b665797517 . _:b663516476 . _:b663519890 . _:b665797518 . _:b663520538 _:b663520537 . _:b663516477 . _:b666239302 . _:b663519891 . _:b665797519 . _:b663516478 . _:b663519916 . _:b665797512 . _:b663516479 . _:b663519917 . _:b665797513 . _:b663516472 . _:b663520639 _:b663520638 . _:b665806336 "VHOG:0000408"^^ . _:b663519918 . _:b665797514 . _:b663516473 . _:b663519919 . _:b665861398 . _:b665805479 . _:b665797515 . _:b663520638 _:b663520637 . _:b663516474 . _:b665862235 "blindgut"^^ . _:b663519912 . _:b665797508 . _:b663516475 . _:b665798687 "ncithesaurus:Intestine"^^ . _:b663519913 . _:b663520633 _:b663520632 . _:b665797509 . _:b663516468 . _:b663519914 . _:b663516100 . _:b665797510 . _:b663516469 . _:b663520635 _:b663520634 . _:b663520632 _:b663520631 . _:b663519915 . _:b665797511 . _:b663516470 . _:b666209685 . _:b663519908 . _:b665797504 . _:b663516471 . _:b663520624 _:b663520623 . _:b663519909 . _:b663516103 . _:b663520630 _:b663520629 . _:b665797505 . _:b663516464 . _:b663520628 _:b663520627 . _:b663519910 . _:b663520629 _:b663520628 . _:b665797506 . _:b663914005 "p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003])"@en . _:b663516465 . _:b663519911 . _:b665861313 "url:http://www2.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/mwmednlm?book=Medical&va=anatomic" . _:b665797507 . _:b663516466 . _:b663519904 . _:b663520160 . _:b663520626 _:b663520625 . _:b665797532 . _:b663516467 . _:b663519905 . _:b665797533 . _:b663516364 . _:b663519906 . _:b666209676 . _:b665797534 . _:b663516365 . _:b663519907 . _:b663520625 _:b663520624 . _:b665797535 . _:b663516366 . _:b663519932 . _:b665797528 . _:b663516367 . _:b663520622 _:b663520626 . _:b663519933 . _:b665797529 . _:b663516360 . _:b663519934 . _:b665797530 . _:b663520618 _:b663520617 . _:b663516361 . _:b663520619 _:b663520618 . _:b663520616 _:b663520615 . _:b663519935 . _:b665797531 . _:b663520980 "MA"^^ . _:b663516362 . _:b663519928 . _:b663913293 "b is an object means: b is a material entity which manifests causal unity of one or other of the types CUn listed above & is of a type (a material universal) instances of which are maximal relative to this criterion of causal unity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [024-001])"@en . _:b663520621 _:b663520620 . _:b665797524 . _:b663516363 . _:b663516793 . _:b663519929 . _:b665797525 . _:b663516356 . _:b663519930 . _:b665797526 . _:b663516357 . _:b663519931 . _:b665797527 . _:b666209668 . _:b663516358 . _:b663519924 . _:b665797520 . _:b663520610 _:b663520609 . _:b663516359 . _:b663519925 . _:b663521159 . _:b665797521 . _:b663516352 . _:b663519926 . _:b665797522 . _:b666209667 . _:b663516353 . _:b663519927 . _:b663520609 _:b663520608 . _:b665797523 . _:b663516354 . _:b663520615 _:b663520614 . _:b663519920 . _:b666209666 . _:b663520613 _:b663520616 . _:b665797548 . _:b663516355 . _:b663520215 "We restrict this to the vertebrate specific structure - see the grouping class 'food storage organ' for analogous structures in other species. Teleosts: Zebrafish is functionally stomach-less, but may retain ontogenic footprint. Although the precise shape and size of the stomach varies widely among different vertebrates, the relative positions of the oesophageal and duodenal openings remain relatively constant. As a result, the organ always curves somewhat to the left before curving back to meet the pyloric sphincter. However, lampreys, hagfishes, chimaeras, lungfishes, and some teleost fish have no stomach at all, with the oesophagus opening directly into the intestine. The gastric lining is usually divided into two regions, an anterior portion lined by fundic glands, and a posterior with pyloric glands. Cardiac glands are unique to mammals, and even then are absent in a number of species. The distributions of these glands vary between species, and do not always correspond with the same regions as in man. Furthermore, in many non-human mammals, a portion of the stomach anterior to the cardiac glands is lined with epithelium essentially identical to that of the oesophagus. Ruminants, in particular, have a complex stomach, the first three chambers of which are all lined with oesophageal mucosa"^^ . _:b663520512 _:b663520511 . _:b663519921 . _:b665797549 . _:b663516380 . _:b663520612 _:b663520611 . _:b663516750 . _:b663519922 . _:b665797550 . _:b663516381 . _:b663519923 . _:b665797551 . _:b663516382 . _:b663521184 . _:b663519820 . _:b665797544 . _:b663516383 . _:b663521185 . _:b663520592 _:b663520591 . _:b663519821 . _:b665797545 . _:b663520598 _:b663520597 . _:b663516376 . _:b665806350 "esophagus NOT part of gut in MA. part of gut in ZFA. part_of gut (via UGIT) in FMA. Consider splitting. Interspecies: The human oesophagus is 25 cm long and has a diameter of ca. 2 cm. Only little information was found on the oesophagus in rat, rabbit and pig. The oesophagus of rat (75 x 2 mm) and rabbit has no mucous glands and the cardia of the stomach has a well-developed sphincter, which prevents them from vomiting (Hebel and Stromberg, 1988; Manning et al., 1994). Morphologically the oesophagus is similar in man and pig; both are omnivores and have a non-keratinised epithelium, submucous glands and similar membrane enzymes. Like in humans, pigs can suffer from reflux oesophagitis and stress ulceration of the oesophagus. The pig oesophagus may therefore be a good model for investigation compared to the human oesophagus (Christie et al., 1995)"^^ . _:b663519822 . _:b663520597 _:b663520596 . _:b665797546 . _:b663516377 . _:b665863066 . _:b663519823 . _:b665797547 . _:b663516378 . _:b666208918 "3"^^ . _:b663519816 . _:b666237950 . _:b665797954 "1"^^ . _:b665797540 . _:b666237951 . _:b663520594 _:b663520593 . _:b663516379 . _:b666237948 . _:b663520595 _:b663520598 . _:b666237949 . _:b663519817 . _:b666237946 . _:b663913431 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b665797541 . _:b666237947 . _:b665797955 "1"^^ . _:b666237944 . _:b663516372 . _:b666237945 . _:b663519818 . _:b666237942 . _:b665797542 . _:b666209779 . _:b666237943 . _:b663516373 . _:b666237940 . _:b666237941 . _:b666238095 "b is an occurrent entity iff b is an entity that has temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [079-001])"@en . _:b663516743 . _:b663519819 . _:b666237938 . _:b665797543 . _:b666237939 . _:b663516374 . _:b665863071 . _:b666237936 . _:b663520604 _:b663520607 . _:b666237937 . _:b663519812 . _:b666237934 . _:b665797536 . _:b663519967 "For every independent continuant b and time t during the region of time spanned by its life, there are entities which s-depends_on b during t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [018-002])"@en . _:b666237935 . _:b663914286 . _:b663516375 . _:b666237932 . _:b666237933 . _:b663519813 . _:b666237930 . _:b665797537 . _:b666237931 . _:b665806204 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_gastrointestinal_tract" . _:b666237928 . _:b663520607 _:b663520606 . _:b663516368 . _:b666237929 . _:b663519814 . _:b666237926 . _:b665797538 . _:b666237927 . _:b663516369 . _:b665861674 . _:b666237924 . _:b666237925 . _:b663519815 . _:b666237922 . _:b665797539 . _:b666209780 . _:b666237923 . _:b663520606 _:b663520605 . _:b663516370 . _:b665861675 . _:b666237920 . _:b666237921 . _:b663519808 . _:b666237918 . _:b665797564 . _:b666237919 . _:b663516371 . _:b666237916 . _:b663520576 _:b663520575 . _:b666237917 . _:b663519809 . _:b666237914 . _:b663520601 _:b663520600 . _:b665797565 . _:b666237915 . _:b663516396 . _:b666237912 . _:b666237913 . _:b663516766 . _:b663519810 . _:b666237910 . _:b665797566 . _:b666237911 . _:b663516397 . _:b666237908 . _:b663520603 _:b663520602 . _:b663520600 _:b663520599 . _:b666237909 . _:b663519811 . _:b665806338 "UMLS:C0038351"^^ . _:b666237906 . _:b665797567 . _:b666237907 . _:b663516398 . _:b666237904 . _:b666237905 . _:b663519836 . _:b666237902 . _:b665797560 . _:b666237903 . _:b663516399 . _:b666237900 . _:b663520579 _:b663520578 . _:b666237901 . _:b663519837 . _:b666237898 . _:b665797561 . _:b666237899 . _:b663516392 . _:b666237896 . _:b666237897 . _:b663519838 . _:b666237894 . _:b665798084 . _:b665797562 . _:b666237895 . _:b663516393 . _:b666237892 . _:b666237893 . _:b663519839 . _:b666237890 . _:b665798085 . _:b663520577 _:b663520580 . _:b665797563 . _:b666237891 . _:b663516394 . _:b666237888 . _:b663520583 _:b663520582 . _:b666237889 . _:b663519832 . _:b665861441 . _:b666237886 . _:b665797556 . _:b666237887 . _:b663516395 . _:b666237884 . _:b666237885 . _:b663519833 . _:b666237882 . _:b665797557 . _:b666237883 . _:b663520582 _:b663520581 . _:b663516388 . _:b666237880 . _:b663520580 _:b663520579 . _:b666237881 . _:b663519834 . _:b666237878 . _:b665798080 . _:b665797558 . _:b666237879 . _:b663516389 . _:b666237876 . _:b663516722 "BTO:0001307"^^ . _:b666237877 . _:b663519835 . _:b666237874 . _:b665798081 . _:b665797559 . _:b666237875 . _:b663516390 . _:b666237872 . _:b666237873 . _:b666208780 "ncithesaurus:Large_Intestine"^^ . _:b663519828 . _:b666237870 . _:b665798082 . _:b665797552 . _:b666237871 . _:b663516391 . _:b666237868 . _:b666237869 . _:b663519829 . _:b666237866 . _:b665798083 . _:b663520585 _:b663520584 . _:b665797553 . _:b666237867 . _:b663516384 . _:b666237864 . _:b666237865 . _:b663519830 . _:b665861199 "(forall (x) (if (Occurrent x) (exists (r) (and (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x r))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [108-001] " . _:b666237862 . _:b665797554 . _:b666237863 . _:b663520586 _:b663520589 . _:b663516385 . _:b666237860 . _:b666237861 . _:b663519831 . _:b666209767 . _:b666237858 . _:b665797555 . _:b665862053 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathogenic_bacteria" . _:b666237859 . _:b663516386 . _:b666237856 . _:b663520588 _:b663520587 . _:b665861994 . _:b666237857 . _:b663519824 . _:b666237854 . _:b663520589 _:b663520588 . _:b663520906 "BTO:0000706"^^ . _:b666237855 . _:b665797747 "(forall (x) (if (SpatialRegion x) (Continuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [035-001] " . _:b663516387 . _:b666237852 . _:b666237853 . _:b665861995 . _:b663519825 . _:b666237850 . _:b666237851 . _:b665805400 "(forall (x) (if (ObjectAggregate x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y z) (and (Object y) (Object z) (memberPartOfAt y x t) (memberPartOfAt z x t) (not (= y z)))))) (not (exists (w t_1) (and (memberPartOfAt w x t_1) (not (Object w)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [025-004] " . _:b663516412 . _:b666237848 . _:b663520591 _:b663520590 . _:b666237849 . _:b663519826 . _:b666237846 . _:b666237847 . _:b663516566 . _:b663516413 . _:b666237844 . _:b666237845 . _:b665861993 . _:b663519827 . _:b666237842 . _:b663520636 _:b663520640 . _:b666237843 . _:b663516414 . _:b666237840 . _:b666237841 . _:b663519852 . _:b666237838 . _:b666237839 . _:b663516415 . _:b665861648 . _:b666237836 . _:b663520643 _:b663520642 . _:b666237837 . _:b663516717 . _:b663519853 . _:b666237835 . _:b663516563 . _:b663516408 . _:b665861649 . _:b663520641 _:b663520643 . _:b663519854 . _:b665806103 "(forall (x y) (if (and (TemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (TemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [101-001] " . . _:b663516409 . _:b663519855 . _:b663516561 . _:b663516410 . _:b663519848 . _:b663516411 . _:b663519849 . _:b663516404 . _:b665805488 . _:b666208735 . _:b663519850 . _:b663914444 . _:b663516405 . _:b663519851 . _:b663521064 "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663516406 . _:b663519844 . _:b663516407 . _:b663519845 . _:b663914447 . _:b663516400 . _:b663519846 . _:b663516401 . _:b663519847 . _:b663516402 . _:b663520652 _:b663520655 . _:b663519840 . _:b666239183 "upper intestine"^^ . _:b663516568 . _:b663516403 . _:b665861636 . _:b663519841 . _:b663516300 . _:b663520655 _:b663520654 . _:b663519842 . _:b663516550 . _:b663516301 . _:b663519843 . _:b663520654 _:b663520653 . _:b663516549 . _:b663516302 . _:b663520663 _:b663520662 . _:b663519868 . _:b663516548 . _:b665797950 "1"^^ . _:b663516303 . _:b663519869 . _:b663520662 _:b663520661 . _:b663516296 . _:b663520660 _:b663520663 . _:b663516730 . _:b663519870 . _:b666238186 "(forall (x y) (if (processProfileOf x y) (and (properContinuantPartOf x y) (exists (z t) (and (properOccurrentPartOf z y) (TemporalRegion t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion y t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion z t) (not (exists (w) (and (occurrentPartOf w x) (occurrentPartOf w z))))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [094-005] " . _:b663516297 . _:b663519871 . _:b665861917 "100.0"^^ . _:b665797949 "1"^^ . _:b663516298 . _:b663519864 . _:b665862702 "(forall (x y t) (if (and (SpatialRegion x) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)) (SpatialRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [036-001] " . _:b663520658 _:b663520657 . _:b663516544 . _:b663516299 . _:b663520659 _:b663520658 . _:b663519865 . _:b663516559 . _:b663516292 . _:b663519866 . _:b665861912 "100.0"^^ . _:b663516558 . _:b663516293 . _:b663520656 _:b663520659 . _:b663515735 "Temporal region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of a temporal instant and a temporal interval that doesn't overlap the instant. In this case the resultant temporal region is neither 0-dimensional nor 1-dimensional"@en . _:b663519867 . _:b663516294 . _:b663520668 _:b663520667 . _:b663519860 . _:b663516295 . _:b663519861 . _:b663516555 . _:b665798060 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b663516288 . _:b665861527 "ncithesaurus:Small_Intestine"^^ . _:b663519862 . _:b663516289 . _:b663520668 _:b663520665 . _:b663519863 . _:b663516553 . _:b663516290 . _:b663519856 . _:b663520667 _:b663520666 . _:b665797484 . _:b663516291 . _:b663519857 . _:b665861907 "100.0"^^ . _:b665797485 . _:b663516316 . _:b663519858 . _:b665797486 . _:b663516317 . _:b663519859 . _:b665797487 . _:b665863036 . _:b663516318 . _:b663520683 _:b663520680 . _:b663519756 . _:b665861902 "100.0"^^ . _:b665797480 . _:b665863037 . _:b663520687 _:b663520689 . _:b663516319 . _:b663520682 _:b663520681 . _:b663519757 . _:b665797481 . _:b665863038 . _:b665805680 "upper intestine"^^ . _:b663516312 . _:b665861403 "AAO:0000246"^^ . _:b663519758 . _:b665797482 . _:b665863039 . _:b663914099 . _:b663520683 _:b663520682 . _:b663516313 . _:b663519759 . _:b665797483 . _:b663516314 . _:b663519752 . _:b665797476 . _:b663516315 . _:b663519753 . _:b665797477 . _:b663516308 . _:b663519754 . _:b665797478 . _:b665863035 . _:b663520672 _:b663520671 . _:b663516309 . _:b663519755 . _:b666239046 "AAO:0000246"^^ . _:b663520673 _:b663520670 . _:b665797479 . _:b663520686 _:b663520685 . _:b663516310 . _:b665797928 . _:b663520684 _:b663520686 . _:b663519748 . _:b663516311 . _:b665862777 "a one-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a continuous fiat line whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [032-001])"@en . _:b665797929 . _:b663519749 . _:b663516304 . _:b665797930 . _:b663519750 . _:b665797474 . _:b665860801 "intestinum jejunum"^^ . _:b663516305 . _:b665797931 . _:b663520673 _:b663520672 . _:b663519751 . _:b665797475 . _:b663516306 . _:b665797932 . _:b663519744 . _:b665797500 . _:b663516307 . _:b663520677 _:b663520676 . _:b663519745 . _:b665797501 . _:b663520678 _:b663520677 . _:b663516332 . _:b663519746 . _:b665797502 . _:b663516333 . _:b663519747 . _:b665797503 . _:b666208695 "url:http://www.health.state.ny.us/diseases/communicable/campylobacteriosis/fact_sheet.htm" . _:b663520678 _:b663520675 . _:b663516334 . _:b663519772 . _:b665797496 . _:b663516335 . _:b663519773 . _:b665797497 . _:b663516328 . _:b663519774 . _:b665797498 . _:b663516329 . _:b663519775 . _:b665797499 . _:b663516330 . _:b666208568 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b663519768 . _:b665797492 . _:b663516568 . _:b663516331 . _:b663519769 . _:b665797493 . _:b663516567 . _:b663516324 . _:b663519770 . _:b665797494 . _:b663516325 . _:b663519771 . _:b665797495 . _:b663516326 . _:b663519764 . _:b665797488 . _:b663516327 . _:b663519765 . _:b663520187 . _:b665797489 . _:b663516320 . _:b663520692 _:b663520691 . _:b663519766 . _:b665797490 . _:b663516321 . _:b663519767 . _:b665797491 . _:b663516322 . _:b665806116 "(forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (TemporalRegion y) (temporallyProjectsOnto x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [098-001] " . _:b663519760 . _:b663521058 . _:b663520690 _:b663520692 . _:b663516323 . _:b663520640 _:b663520639 . _:b663519761 . _:b663521059 . _:b663516805 "In fish, the divisions of the small intestine are not as clear, and the terms anterior intestine or proximal intestine may be used instead of duodenum."^^ . _:b663516348 . _:b663521056 . _:b663519762 . _:b663516349 . _:b665798498 "(forall (r) (if (TemporalRegion r) (occupiesTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [119-002] " . _:b663521057 . _:b663520689 _:b663520688 . _:b665797705 . _:b663519763 . _:b663516350 . _:b663519788 . _:b663516351 . _:b663519789 . _:b663516344 . _:b663519790 . _:b663521068 . _:b665797700 . _:b663516345 . _:b663519791 . _:b663521069 . _:b665861262 "(forall (x) (if (ThreeDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [040-001] " . _:b666209595 "MA"^^ . _:b663516346 . _:b663519784 . _:b663521066 . _:b666238204 . _:b663516347 . _:b663519785 . _:b663521067 . _:b663516340 . _:b663519786 . _:b666208722 . _:b663516341 . _:b663521065 . _:b663519787 . _:b663516342 . _:b663519780 . _:b663516343 . _:b663519781 . _:b663516336 . _:b663519782 . _:b663516337 . _:b663519783 . _:b663516338 . _:b663521184 . _:b663914132 . _:b663519776 . _:b665805390 "b is a role means: b is a realizable entity & b exists because there is some single bearer that is in some special physical, social, or institutional set of circumstances in which this bearer does not have to be& b is not such that, if it ceases to exist, then the physical make-up of the bearer is thereby changed. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [061-001])"@en . _:b663516339 . _:b663521185 . _:b663519777 . _:b665797695 . _:b663516236 . _:b663519778 . _:b663520172 . _:b663516237 . _:b663519779 . _:b663516238 . _:b663913491 "The few structural specializations in (adult lampreys) pharynx include complex valves on the external gill openings that direct the tidal flow, and the division of the ancestral pharynx into an oesophagus and a respiratory pharynx.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . . _:b663519804 . _:b665797690 . _:b663516239 . _:b663519805 . _:b663516232 . _:b663519806 . _:b665805372 . _:b663516233 . _:b663519807 . _:b663516234 . _:b663519800 . _:b663516235 . _:b663519801 . _:b666208601 "(forall (r) (if (TemporalRegion r) (occupiesTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [119-002] " . _:b665797984 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b663516228 . _:b663519802 . _:b663516229 . _:b663519803 . _:b663516230 . _:b663519796 . _:b663516231 . _:b663519797 . _:b665805371 . _:b663516224 . _:b663519798 . _:b663516225 . _:b663519799 . _:b663516226 . _:b663519792 . _:b663516227 . _:b663516807 "UMLS:C0013303"^^ . _:b663519793 . _:b665798079 . _:b663516252 . _:b663519794 . _:b663516253 . _:b663519795 . _:b663516254 . _:b663520716 . _:b663521038 . _:b663516255 . _:b663520717 . _:b663521039 . _:b663516248 . _:b663520718 . _:b663516249 . _:b663521037 . _:b663520719 . _:b665805593 "BTO:0001307"^^ . _:b663516250 . _:b663520712 . _:b663516251 . _:b663520713 . _:b663516244 . _:b663520714 . _:b663516245 . _:b663520715 . _:b666238300 "Portion of the alimentary canal bounded anteriorly by the pyloric sphincter and posteriorly by the cloacal sphincter.[AAO]"^^ . _:b663516246 . _:b666209325 "Occurrent doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the sum of a process and the process boundary of another process."@en . _:b663520708 . _:b663516247 . _:b663520709 . _:b663516240 . _:b663520710 . _:b663516241 . _:b663520711 . _:b665861613 . _:b663516242 . _:b663520704 . _:b666238412 . _:b663516243 . _:b663520705 . _:b666238413 . _:b663516268 . _:b663913237 "All continuant parts of spatial regions are spatial regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [036-001])"@en . _:b663520706 . _:b666238414 . _:b665798819 "In humans, the duodenum is a hollow jointed tube about 10-15 inches (25-38 centimetres) long connecting the stomach to the jejunum. It begins with the duodenal bulb and ends at the ligament of Treitz."^^ . _:b663516269 . _:b663520707 . _:b666238415 . _:b663516270 . _:b663913272 "If an entity is a quality at any time that it exists, then it is a quality at every time that it exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [105-001])"@en . _:b663520732 . _:b666238408 . _:b663516271 . _:b663520733 . _:b666238409 . _:b663516264 . _:b663520734 . _:b666238410 . _:b663516265 . _:b663520735 . _:b666238411 . _:b663516266 . _:b663520728 . _:b666238404 . _:b663521050 . _:b663516267 . _:b666208633 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b663520729 . _:b666238405 . _:b663516260 . _:b663521048 . _:b663520730 . _:b666238406 . _:b663516261 . _:b663520731 . _:b666238407 . _:b663521049 . _:b663516262 . _:b663520724 . _:b666238400 . _:b663516263 . _:b663520725 . _:b666238401 . _:b665798074 "UMLS:C0013303"^^ . _:b663516256 . _:b663520726 . _:b666238402 . _:b665805476 . _:b663516257 . _:b663520727 . _:b666238403 . _:b663516258 . _:b663520720 . _:b666238428 . _:b663516259 . _:b663520721 . _:b666238429 . _:b663516284 . _:b663520722 . _:b666238430 . _:b663516285 . _:b666208579 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b663520723 . _:b666238431 . _:b663516286 . _:b665805508 . _:b663520748 . _:b666238424 . _:b663516287 . _:b666238887 "If an entity is a quality at any time that it exists, then it is a quality at every time that it exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [105-001])"@en . _:b663520749 . _:b666238425 . _:b663516280 . _:b663520750 . _:b666238426 . _:b663516281 . _:b663520381 _:b663520380 . _:b663520751 . _:b666238427 . _:b663520382 _:b663520381 . _:b665862302 "distal intestine"^^ . _:b663516282 . _:b663520744 . _:b666238420 . _:b663520376 _:b663520375 . _:b663516283 . _:b663520745 . _:b666238421 . _:b663520377 _:b663520376 . _:b663516276 . _:b663520746 . _:b666238422 . _:b663516277 . _:b663520374 _:b663520377 . _:b663520747 . _:b666238423 . _:b663516278 . _:b663520740 . _:b666238416 . _:b666208568 "Entity doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example Werner Ceusters 'portions of reality' include 4 sorts, entities (as BFO construes them), universals, configurations, and relations. It is an open question as to whether entities as construed in BFO will at some point also include these other portions of reality. See, for example, 'How to track absolutely everything' at http://www.referent-tracking.com/_RTU/papers/CeustersICbookRevised.pdf"@en . _:b663516279 . _:b666208597 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b663520741 . _:b666238417 . _:b663516272 . _:b663520742 . _:b666238418 . _:b663516273 . _:b663520743 . _:b666238419 . _:b663520379 _:b663520382 . _:b663516274 . _:b666208592 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b663520736 . _:b666238444 . _:b663516275 . _:b663520737 . _:b666238445 . _:b665798184 "Branch or outpocketing of the digestive tract."^^ . _:b663516172 . _:b663520738 . _:b666238446 . _:b663516173 . _:b663520739 . _:b666238447 . _:b663516174 . _:b663520363 _:b663520360 . _:b663520764 . _:b666238440 . _:b665798956 . _:b663516175 . _:b663520362 _:b663520361 . _:b663520765 . _:b666238441 . _:b665798957 . _:b663516168 . _:b663520766 . _:b666238442 . _:b663516169 . _:b663520363 _:b663520362 . _:b663520359 _:b663520364 . _:b663520767 . _:b666238443 . _:b663516170 . _:b663520364 _:b663520363 . _:b663520760 . _:b666238436 . _:b663516171 . _:b663520761 . _:b666238437 . _:b663516164 . _:b663520762 . _:b666238438 . _:b663516165 . _:b663520353 _:b663520356 . _:b663520763 . _:b666238439 . _:b663516166 . _:b663520756 . _:b666238432 . _:b663516167 . _:b663520757 . _:b666238433 . _:b663516160 . _:b663520758 . _:b666238434 . _:b663520355 _:b663520354 . _:b663516161 . _:b663520759 . _:b666238435 . _:b663516162 . _:b663520752 . _:b666238460 . _:b663516163 . _:b663520753 . _:b666238461 . _:b663516188 . _:b663520356 _:b663520355 . _:b663520368 _:b663520369 . _:b663520754 . _:b666238462 . _:b665797929 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b663516189 . _:b663520755 . _:b666238463 . _:b663516190 . _:b663520343 _:b663520342 . _:b663520652 . _:b666238456 . _:b663516191 . _:b665862735 "a quality is a specifically dependent continuant that, in contrast to roles and dispositions, does not require any further process in order to be realized. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [055-001])"@en . _:b663520653 . _:b666238457 . _:b663516184 . _:b663520342 _:b663520341 . _:b663520654 . _:b666238458 . _:b663516185 . _:b663520655 . _:b666238459 . _:b663516186 . _:b663520337 _:b663520336 . _:b663520648 . _:b666238452 . _:b666238718 . _:b663520338 _:b663520337 . _:b666238719 . _:b663516187 . _:b666238716 . _:b666238717 . _:b663520649 . _:b666238453 . _:b666238714 . _:b666238715 . _:b663516180 . _:b666238712 . _:b666238713 . _:b663520650 . _:b666238454 . _:b666238710 . _:b666238711 . _:b663516181 . _:b666238708 . _:b666238709 . _:b663520651 . _:b666238455 . _:b666238706 . _:b666238707 . _:b663516182 . _:b663516049 "Intestinal surface area also is increased in amphibians and reptiles by internal folds and occasionally by a few villi. The intestine can be divided into a small intestine and a slightly wider large intestine.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b666238704 . _:b666238705 . _:b663520644 . _:b666238448 . _:b666238702 . _:b666238703 . _:b663516183 . _:b666238700 . _:b666238701 . _:b663520645 . _:b666238449 . _:b666238698 . _:b666238699 . _:b663516176 . _:b666238696 . _:b666238697 . _:b663520646 . _:b666238450 . _:b666238694 . _:b666238695 . _:b663516177 . _:b666238692 . _:b666238693 . _:b663520647 . _:b666238451 . _:b666238690 . _:b666238691 . _:b663516178 . _:b666238688 . _:b665805675 "VHOG:0000052"^^ . _:b666238689 . _:b663520640 . _:b666238348 . _:b666238686 . _:b666238687 . _:b663516179 . _:b666238684 . _:b663520168 . _:b666238685 . _:b663520641 . _:b666238349 . _:b666238682 . _:b666238683 . _:b663516204 . _:b666238680 . _:b663520169 . _:b666238681 . _:b663520642 . _:b666238350 . _:b666238678 . _:b663520340 _:b663520343 . _:b666238679 . _:b663516205 . _:b666238676 . _:b666238677 . _:b663520643 . _:b666238351 . _:b666238674 . _:b666238675 . _:b663516206 . _:b666238672 . _:b666238673 . _:b663520668 . _:b666238344 . _:b663521118 . _:b666238670 . _:b666238671 . _:b663516207 . _:b666238668 . _:b665805461 . _:b666238669 . _:b663520669 . _:b666238345 . _:b663521119 . _:b666238666 . _:b666238667 . _:b663516200 . _:b666238664 . _:b663520165 . _:b666238665 . _:b663520670 . _:b666238346 . _:b666238662 . _:b666238663 . _:b663516201 . _:b666238660 . _:b663520166 . _:b666238661 . _:b663520671 . _:b666238347 . _:b666238658 . _:b666238659 . _:b663516202 . _:b666238656 . _:b663520327 _:b663520326 . _:b663520167 . _:b666238657 . _:b663520664 . _:b666238340 . _:b666238654 . _:b663520335 _:b663520338 . _:b666238655 . _:b663516203 . _:b666238652 . _:b663520329 _:b663520332 . _:b666238653 . _:b663520665 . _:b666238341 . _:b666238650 . _:b666238651 . _:b663516196 . _:b666238648 . _:b663520326 _:b663520325 . _:b666238649 . _:b663520666 . _:b666238342 . _:b666238646 . _:b666238647 . _:b666209593 "Anterior end of the alimentary canal lined with smooth muscle. Bounded anteriorly by a constriction in the pharynx. Bounded posteriorly by and increase in circular and/or longitudinal smooth muscle associated with the stomach.[AAO]"^^ . _:b663516197 . _:b666238644 . _:b666238645 . _:b663520667 . _:b666238343 . _:b666238642 . _:b666238643 . _:b663516198 . _:b666238640 . _:b666238641 . _:b663520660 . _:b666238336 . _:b666238638 . _:b663520331 _:b663520330 . _:b666238639 . _:b663516199 . _:b666238636 . _:b666238637 . _:b663520661 . _:b666238337 . _:b666238634 . _:b666238635 . _:b663516192 . _:b666238632 . _:b663515915 . _:b666238633 . _:b663520662 . _:b666238338 . _:b666238630 . _:b663520324 _:b663520327 . _:b666238631 . _:b663516193 . _:b666238628 . _:b663515916 . _:b666238629 . _:b663913243 "Every temporal region t is such that t occupies_temporal_region t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [119-002])"@en . _:b663520663 . _:b666239187 "the portion of the small intestine that extends from the duodenum to the ileum"^^ . _:b666238339 . _:b666238626 . _:b666238627 . _:b665863040 . _:b663516194 . _:b666238624 . _:b663515917 . _:b666238625 . _:b663520332 _:b663520331 . _:b663520656 . _:b666238364 . _:b666238622 . _:b666238623 . _:b665863041 . _:b663516195 . _:b666238620 . _:b663515918 . _:b666238621 . _:b663520657 . _:b666238365 . _:b666238618 . _:b666238619 . _:b663516220 . _:b666238616 . _:b663515919 . _:b666238617 . _:b663520658 . _:b666238366 . _:b666238614 . _:b666238615 . _:b663520233 "4"^^ . _:b663516221 . _:b666238612 . _:b666238613 . _:b663520659 . _:b666238367 . _:b666238610 . _:b666238611 . _:b663516222 . _:b666238608 . _:b666238609 . _:b663520684 . _:b666238360 . _:b666238606 . _:b666238607 . _:b663516223 . _:b666238604 . _:b666238605 . _:b663520685 . _:b666238361 . _:b666238602 . _:b666238603 . _:b663516216 . _:b666238600 . _:b666238601 . _:b663520686 . _:b666238362 . _:b666238598 . _:b666238599 . _:b663516217 . _:b666238596 . _:b666238597 . _:b663913269 . _:b666238363 . _:b666238594 . _:b663520687 . _:b666238595 . _:b663516218 . _:b666238592 . _:b666238593 . _:b663520680 . _:b666238356 . _:b666238590 . _:b666238591 . _:b663516219 . _:b666238588 . _:b666238589 . _:b663913271 . _:b666238357 . _:b666238586 . _:b663520681 . _:b666238587 . _:b663516212 . _:b666238584 . _:b666238585 . _:b663520682 . _:b666238358 . _:b666238582 . _:b666238583 . _:b663516213 . _:b666238580 . _:b666238581 . _:b663913265 . _:b666238359 . _:b666238578 . _:b663520683 . _:b666238579 . _:b663516214 . _:b666238576 . _:b666238577 . _:b663520676 . _:b666238352 . _:b666238574 . _:b666238575 . _:b663519947 . _:b666238572 . _:b663516215 . _:b666238573 . _:b663520677 . _:b666238353 . _:b666238570 . _:b665862910 . _:b665862911 . _:b666238571 . _:b665862908 . _:b666238568 . _:b663516208 . _:b665862909 . _:b665862888 "BTO:0000706"^^ . _:b663520806 . _:b666238569 . _:b663520678 . _:b666238354 . _:b666238566 . _:b665862906 . _:b665862907 . _:b666238567 . _:b665862904 . _:b666238564 . _:b663516209 . _:b665862905 . _:b666238565 . _:b663520679 . _:b666238355 . _:b666238562 . _:b665862902 . _:b665862903 . _:b666238563 . _:b665862900 . _:b666238560 . _:b663516210 . _:b665862901 . _:b666238561 . _:b663913278 . _:b666238380 . _:b666238558 . _:b665862898 . _:b663520672 . _:b665860737 "UMLS:C0007531"^^ . _:b666238559 . _:b665862899 . _:b665862896 . _:b666238556 . _:b663516211 . _:b665862897 . _:b666238557 . _:b663520673 . _:b666238381 . _:b666238554 . _:b665862894 . _:b665862895 . _:b666238555 . _:b665805635 "FMA"^^ . _:b663519948 . _:b666238552 . _:b665862892 . _:b665862893 . _:b666238553 . _:b663520674 . _:b666238382 . _:b666238550 . _:b665862890 . _:b665862891 . _:b666238551 . _:b665862888 . _:b666238548 . _:b665862889 . _:b663520803 . _:b663520805 . _:b666238549 . _:b663520675 . _:b666238383 . _:b666238546 . _:b665862886 . _:b665862887 . _:b666238547 . _:b665862884 . _:b666238544 . _:b665862885 . _:b666238545 . _:b663913276 . _:b666238376 . _:b666238542 . _:b665862882 . _:b663520700 . _:b665862883 . _:b665860803 "middle intestine"^^ . _:b666238543 . _:b665862880 . _:b666238540 . _:b665862881 . _:b666238541 . _:b663520701 . _:b666238377 . _:b666238538 . _:b665862878 . _:b665862879 . _:b666238539 . _:b665862876 . _:b666238536 . _:b665862877 . _:b666238537 . _:b663520702 . _:b666238378 . _:b666238534 . _:b665862874 . _:b665862875 . _:b666238535 . _:b665862872 . _:b666238532 . _:b665862873 . _:b666238533 . _:b663520703 . _:b666238379 . _:b666238530 . _:b665862870 . _:b665862871 . _:b666238531 . _:b665805626 "caeca"^^ . _:b666238528 . _:b665862868 . _:b665862869 . _:b663520808 . _:b666238529 . _:b663520696 . _:b666238372 . _:b665862048 . _:b666238526 . _:b665862866 . _:b665862867 . _:b666238527 . _:b665862864 . _:b665861948 . _:b666238524 . _:b665862865 . _:b666238525 . _:b663520697 . _:b666238373 . _:b666238522 . _:b665862862 . _:b665862863 . _:b666238523 . _:b665862860 . _:b665861949 . _:b666238520 . _:b665862861 . _:b663520810 . _:b666238521 . _:b663520698 . _:b666238374 . _:b666238518 . _:b665862858 . _:b665862859 . _:b666238519 . _:b665862856 . _:b665861950 . _:b666238516 . _:b665798766 "caecum"^^ . _:b666238517 . _:b665862857 . _:b663913249 . _:b666238375 . _:b666238514 . _:b665862854 . _:b663520699 . _:b665862855 . _:b666238515 . _:b665862852 . _:b665861951 . _:b666238512 . _:b665862853 . _:b666238513 . _:b663520692 . _:b666238368 . _:b666238510 . _:b665862850 . _:b665862851 . _:b666238511 . _:b665862848 . _:b665861944 . _:b666238508 . _:b665862849 . _:b666238509 . _:b663520693 . _:b666238369 . _:b666238506 . _:b665862846 . _:b665862847 . _:b666238507 . _:b665862844 . _:b665861945 . _:b666238504 . _:b665862845 . _:b666238505 . _:b665805486 . _:b663520694 . _:b666238370 . _:b666238502 . _:b665862842 . _:b665862843 . _:b666238503 . _:b665862840 . _:b665861946 . _:b666238500 . _:b665862841 . _:b666238501 . _:b663913261 . _:b666238371 . _:b666238498 . _:b665862838 . _:b663520695 . _:b665862839 . _:b666238499 . _:b665862836 . _:b666238192 "zero dimension continuant fiat boundaries are not spatial points. Considering the example 'the quadripoint where the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona meet' : There are many frames in which that point is zooming through many points in space. Whereas, no matter what the frame, the quadripoint is always in the same relation to the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona."@en . _:b665861947 . _:b666238496 . _:b665862837 . _:b663520784 . _:b666238497 . _:b663520688 . _:b666238396 . _:b666238494 . _:b665862834 . _:b665862835 . _:b666238495 . _:b665862832 . _:b665861940 . _:b666238492 . _:b665862833 . _:b666238493 . _:b663520689 . _:b666238397 . _:b666238490 . _:b665862830 . _:b665862831 . _:b666238491 . _:b665862828 . _:b665861941 . _:b666238488 . _:b665862829 . _:b663520786 . _:b666238489 . _:b663520690 . _:b666238398 . _:b666238486 . _:b665862826 . _:b665862827 . _:b666238487 . _:b663520962 "UMLS:C0038351"^^ . _:b665861942 . _:b666238484 . _:b665862824 . _:b665862825 . _:b666238485 . _:b663520691 . _:b666238399 . _:b666238482 . _:b665862822 . _:b665862823 . _:b666238483 . _:b665862820 . _:b665861943 . _:b666238480 . _:b665862821 . _:b666238481 . _:b663520588 . _:b666238392 . _:b666209534 . _:b666238478 . _:b665862818 . _:b665862819 . _:b666238479 . _:b663520268 _:b663520271 . _:b665862816 . _:b666238130 "b is a disposition means: b is a realizable entity & b\u2019s bearer is some material entity & b is such that if it ceases to exist, then its bearer is physically changed, & b\u2019s realization occurs when and because this bearer is in some special physical circumstances, & this realization occurs in virtue of the bearer\u2019s physical make-up. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [062-002])"@en . _:b666209365 . _:b665861936 . _:b666238476 . _:b665862817 . _:b666238477 . _:b663520589 . _:b666238393 . _:b666209535 . _:b666238474 . _:b665862814 . _:b665862815 . _:b666238475 . _:b665862812 . _:b666209364 . _:b665861937 . _:b666238472 . _:b665862813 . _:b663520798 . _:b666238473 . _:b663913236 . _:b666238394 . _:b666238470 . _:b665862810 . _:b663520590 . _:b665862811 . _:b666238471 . _:b665862808 . _:b666209367 . _:b665861938 . _:b666238468 . _:b665862809 . _:b663520793 . _:b666238469 . _:b665805451 . _:b663913235 . _:b666238395 . _:b666238466 . _:b665862806 . _:b663520591 . _:b665862807 . _:b666238467 . _:b665862804 . _:b666209366 . _:b665861939 . _:b666238464 . _:b665862805 . _:b666238465 . _:b663520584 . _:b666238388 . _:b663520906 . _:b666238974 . _:b665862802 . _:b665862803 . _:b666238975 . _:b665862800 . _:b665861932 . _:b666238972 . _:b665862801 . _:b666238973 . _:b663520585 . _:b666238389 . _:b666238970 . _:b665862798 . _:b665862799 . _:b666238971 . _:b665862796 . _:b665861933 . _:b666238968 . _:b665862797 . _:b666238969 . _:b663520586 . _:b666238390 . _:b666238966 . _:b665862794 . _:b665862795 . _:b666238967 . _:b665862792 . _:b665861934 . _:b663520905 . _:b666238964 . _:b665862793 . _:b663520795 . _:b666238965 . _:b663520587 . _:b666238391 . _:b666238962 . _:b665862790 . _:b665862791 . _:b666238963 . _:b663520264 "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]"^^ . _:b666209525 . _:b665861935 . _:b666238960 . _:b665862788 . _:b665862789 . _:b666238961 . _:b663520580 . _:b666238384 . _:b666238958 . _:b665862786 . _:b665862787 . _:b666209473 . _:b666238959 . _:b665862784 . _:b666238956 . _:b665862785 . _:b663520773 . _:b666238957 . _:b663520581 . _:b666238385 . _:b666238954 . _:b665862782 . _:b665862783 . _:b666238955 . _:b665862780 . _:b665861929 . _:b666238952 . _:b665862781 . _:b666238953 . _:b663520582 . _:b666238386 . _:b666238950 . _:b665862778 . _:b665862779 . _:b666238951 . _:b665862776 . _:b665861930 . _:b666238948 . _:b665862777 . _:b663520775 . _:b666238949 . _:b663520583 . _:b666238387 . _:b666238946 . _:b665862774 . _:b665862775 . _:b666238947 . _:b665862772 . _:b665861931 . _:b666238944 . _:b665862773 . _:b665861402 "Segment of the alimentary canal extending from the stomach to the anus and, in humans and other mammals, consists of two segments, the small intestine and the large intestine."^^ . _:b666238945 . _:b663520270 _:b663520269 . _:b663913240 . _:b666238284 . _:b666238942 . _:b665862770 . _:b663520576 . _:b665862771 . _:b666238943 . _:b665862768 . _:b663520915 . _:b666238940 . _:b665862769 . _:b663520769 . _:b666238941 . _:b663913247 . _:b666238285 . _:b666238938 . _:b665862766 . _:b663520577 . _:b665862767 . _:b666238939 . _:b665862764 . _:b666238936 . _:b663520271 _:b663520270 . _:b663913234 . _:b666238937 . _:b665862765 . _:b663520578 . _:b666238286 . _:b666238934 . _:b665862762 . _:b665862763 . _:b666238935 . _:b663520282 _:b663520283 . _:b665862760 . _:b666238932 . _:b665862761 . _:b663520771 . _:b666238933 . _:b663913241 . _:b666238287 . _:b665861553 "ISBN:0-683-40008-8"^^ . _:b666238930 . _:b665798594 . _:b665862758 . _:b663520579 . _:b665862759 . _:b666238931 . _:b665862756 . _:b666238928 . _:b663913232 . _:b666238929 . _:b665862757 . _:b663520604 . _:b666238280 . _:b666238926 . _:b665862754 . _:b665862755 . _:b666238927 . _:b665862752 . _:b666238924 . _:b663913233 . _:b666238925 . _:b665862753 . _:b663520605 . _:b666238281 . _:b666238922 . _:b665862750 . _:b665862751 . _:b666238923 . _:b665862748 . _:b666238920 . _:b663913230 . _:b666238921 . _:b665862749 . _:b663520606 . _:b666238282 . _:b665862014 "A function is a disposition that exists in virtue of the bearer\u2019s physical make-up and this physical make-up is something the bearer possesses because it came into being, either through evolution (in the case of natural biological entities) or through intentional design (in the case of artifacts), in order to realize processes of a certain sort. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [064-001])"@en . _:b663914410 . _:b666238918 . _:b665862746 . _:b665862747 . _:b666238919 . _:b665862744 . _:b666238916 . _:b663913231 . _:b666238917 . _:b665862745 . _:b663520607 . _:b666238283 . _:b666238914 . _:b663520279 _:b663520278 . _:b665862742 . _:b665862743 . _:b666238915 . _:b665862740 . _:b666238912 . _:b665862741 . _:b666238913 . _:b663520600 . _:b666238276 . _:b666238910 . _:b665862738 . _:b665862739 . _:b666238911 . _:b665862736 . _:b666238908 . _:b663913229 . _:b666238909 . _:b665862737 . _:b663520601 . _:b666238277 . _:b666238906 . _:b665862734 . _:b665862735 . _:b666238907 . _:b665862732 . _:b666238904 . _:b665862733 . _:b663520778 . _:b666238905 . _:b663913222 . _:b666238278 . _:b666238902 . _:b663914004 "(forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (TemporalRegion y) (temporallyProjectsOnto x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [098-001] " . _:b665862730 . _:b663520602 . _:b665862731 . _:b666238903 . _:b665862728 . _:b666238900 . _:b665862729 . _:b666238901 . _:b663913223 . _:b666238279 . _:b666238898 . _:b665862726 . _:b663520603 . _:b665862727 . _:b663520261 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b666238899 . _:b665862724 . _:b666238896 . _:b665862725 . _:b666238897 . _:b663520596 . _:b666238272 . _:b663520998 . _:b666238894 . _:b665862722 . _:b665862723 . _:b666238895 . _:b665862720 . _:b666238892 . _:b665862721 . _:b666238893 . _:b663520597 . _:b666238273 . _:b663520999 . _:b666238890 . _:b665862718 . _:b665862719 . _:b666238891 . _:b665862716 . _:b666238888 . _:b665862717 . _:b666238889 . _:b663520598 . _:b666238274 . _:b666238886 . _:b665862714 . _:b665862715 . _:b666238887 . _:b665862712 . _:b665806386 "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]"^^ . _:b666238884 . _:b665862713 . _:b666238885 . _:b663520599 . _:b666238275 . _:b666238882 . _:b665862710 . _:b665862711 . _:b666238883 . _:b665862708 . _:b666238880 . _:b663520277 _:b663520280 . _:b665862709 . _:b663520994 . _:b666238881 . _:b663519958 "Occurrent doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the sum of a process and the process boundary of another process."@en . _:b666238300 . _:b666238878 . _:b665862706 . _:b663520592 . _:b665862707 . _:b666238879 . _:b665862704 . _:b666238876 . _:b665862705 . _:b663520995 . _:b666238877 . _:b663520593 . _:b666238301 . _:b666238874 . _:b665862702 . _:b665862703 . _:b666238875 . _:b663520318 "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]"^^ . _:b666238872 . _:b665862700 . _:b665862701 . _:b666238873 . _:b663913224 . _:b666238302 . _:b666238870 . _:b665862698 . _:b663520594 . _:b665862699 . _:b666238871 . _:b665862696 . _:b663520993 . _:b666238868 . _:b665862697 . _:b666238869 . _:b663520280 _:b663520279 . _:b663520595 . _:b666238303 . _:b666238866 . _:b665862694 . _:b665862695 . _:b666238867 . _:b663521054 "MP:0004002"^^ . _:b665862692 . _:b666238864 . _:b665862693 . _:b666238381 "caecum"^^ . _:b666238865 . _:b663520620 . _:b666238296 . _:b666238862 . _:b665862690 . _:b665862691 . _:b666238863 . _:b665862688 . _:b666238860 . _:b665862689 . _:b666238861 . _:b663520464 _:b663520463 . _:b663520621 . _:b666238297 . _:b666238858 . _:b665862686 . _:b665862687 . _:b666238859 . _:b663520470 _:b663520469 . _:b665862684 . _:b666238856 . _:b665862685 . _:b666238857 . _:b663520468 _:b663520467 . _:b663520622 . _:b666238298 . _:b666238854 . _:b665862682 . _:b665862683 . _:b665798816 . _:b666238855 . _:b665862680 . _:b666238852 . _:b665862681 . _:b666238853 . _:b663520623 . _:b666238299 . _:b666238850 . _:b665862678 . _:b665862679 . _:b666238851 . _:b665862676 . _:b666238848 . _:b665862677 . _:b666238849 . _:b663520616 . _:b666238292 . _:b666238846 . _:b665862674 . _:b665862675 . _:b666238847 . _:b665862672 . _:b666238844 . _:b663520467 _:b663520466 . _:b665862673 . _:b666238845 . _:b663520617 . _:b666238293 . _:b666238842 . _:b665862670 . _:b665862671 . _:b666238843 . _:b665862668 . _:b666238840 . _:b665862669 . _:b666238841 . _:b663913328 . _:b666238294 . _:b663521000 . _:b666238838 . _:b665862666 . _:b663520618 . _:b665862667 . _:b666238839 . _:b665862664 . _:b666238836 . _:b665862665 . _:b666238837 . _:b663520619 . _:b666238295 . _:b665861249 "(iff (SpecificallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (forall (t) (if (existsAt a t) (exists (b) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (not (SpatialRegion b)) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [050-003] " . _:b663521001 . _:b666238834 . _:b663520465 _:b663520464 . _:b665862662 . _:b665862663 . _:b665806146 "(forall (x) (if (ObjectAggregate x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y z) (and (Object y) (Object z) (memberPartOfAt y x t) (memberPartOfAt z x t) (not (= y z)))))) (not (exists (w t_1) (and (memberPartOfAt w x t_1) (not (Object w)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [025-004] " . _:b666238835 . _:b665862660 . _:b666238832 . _:b665862661 . _:b666238833 . _:b663520476 _:b663520475 . _:b663520612 . _:b666238288 . _:b666238830 . _:b663520477 _:b663520476 . _:b665862658 . _:b665862659 . _:b665798074 "ncithesaurus:Duodenum"^^ . _:b666238831 . _:b663516466 "Every occurrent occupies_spatiotemporal_region some spatiotemporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [108-001])"@en . _:b665862656 . _:b666238828 . _:b665862657 . _:b666238829 . _:b663520613 . _:b666238289 . _:b666238826 . _:b665863166 . _:b665863167 . _:b666238827 . _:b665863164 . _:b666238824 . _:b663520479 _:b663520478 . _:b665863165 . _:b665862982 "intestinum caecum"^^ . _:b666238825 . _:b663520614 . _:b666238290 . _:b666238822 . _:b665863162 . _:b665863163 . _:b666238823 . _:b665863160 . _:b666238820 . _:b665863161 . _:b666238821 . _:b665798079 . _:b663520615 . _:b666238291 . _:b663914381 . _:b666238818 . _:b665863158 . _:b665863159 . _:b666238819 . _:b665863156 . _:b666238816 . _:b665863157 . _:b666209814 . _:b666238817 . _:b663520608 . _:b666238316 . _:b666238814 . _:b665863154 . _:b665863155 . _:b666238815 . _:b665863152 . _:b663521011 . _:b666238812 . _:b665863153 . _:b666238813 . _:b663520609 . _:b666238317 . _:b666238810 . _:b663520473 _:b663520472 . _:b665863150 . _:b665863151 . _:b666238811 . _:b665863148 . _:b666238808 . _:b665863149 . _:b665860755 "ncithesaurus:Colon"^^ . _:b666238809 . _:b663520610 . _:b666238318 . _:b666238806 . _:b665863146 . _:b665863147 . _:b666238807 . _:b663520474 _:b663520473 . _:b665863144 . _:b666238804 . _:b665863145 . _:b666209326 "Simons uses different terminology for relations of occurrents to regions: Denote the spatio-temporal location of a given occurrent e by 'spn[e]' and call this region its span. We may say an occurrent is at its span, in any larger region, and covers any smaller region. Now suppose we have fixed a frame of reference so that we can speak not merely of spatio-temporal but also of spatial regions (places) and temporal regions (times). The spread of an occurrent, (relative to a frame of reference) is the space it exactly occupies, and its spell is likewise the time it exactly occupies. We write 'spr[e]' and `spl[e]' respectively for the spread and spell of e, omitting mention of the frame." . _:b666238805 . _:b663520472 _:b663520471 . _:b663520611 . _:b666238319 . _:b666238802 . _:b665863142 . _:b663516526 "An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects " . _:b666238803 . _:b665863143 . _:b665863140 . _:b666238800 . _:b665863141 . _:b666238801 . _:b663520636 . _:b666238312 . _:b666238798 . _:b665863138 . _:b665863139 . _:b666238799 . _:b665863136 . _:b666238796 . _:b665863137 . _:b666238797 . _:b665798069 . _:b663520637 . _:b666238313 . _:b666238794 . _:b665863134 . _:b665863135 . _:b666238795 . _:b665863132 . _:b666238792 . _:b665863133 . _:b666238793 . _:b663913316 . _:b666238314 . _:b665862752 "(forall (x) (if (ObjectAggregate x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y z) (and (Object y) (Object z) (memberPartOfAt y x t) (memberPartOfAt z x t) (not (= y z)))))) (not (exists (w t_1) (and (memberPartOfAt w x t_1) (not (Object w)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [025-004] " . _:b666238790 . _:b665863130 . _:b663520638 . _:b663516525 "An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects " . _:b666238791 . _:b665863131 . _:b665863128 . _:b666238788 . _:b665863129 . _:b666238789 . _:b663520639 . _:b666238315 . _:b666238786 . _:b665863126 . _:b665863127 . _:b666238787 . _:b665863124 . _:b666238784 . _:b663520455 _:b663520454 . _:b665863125 . _:b666238785 . _:b663520632 . _:b666238308 . _:b666238782 . _:b665863122 . _:b665863123 . _:b666238783 . _:b665863120 . _:b665862012 . _:b666238780 . _:b665863121 . _:b666238781 . _:b663520633 . _:b666238309 . _:b666238291 "ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.566"^^ . _:b666238778 . _:b663520452 _:b663520456 . _:b665863118 . _:b665863119 . _:b666238779 . _:b663520454 _:b663520453 . _:b665863116 . _:b665862013 . _:b666238776 . _:b665863117 . _:b666238777 . _:b663520634 . _:b666238310 . _:b666238774 . _:b665863114 . _:b665863115 . _:b666238775 . _:b665863112 . _:b665862014 . _:b666238772 . _:b665863113 . _:b666238773 . _:b665798059 . _:b663913313 . _:b666238311 . _:b665861272 "(forall (x) (if (ProcessBoundary x) (exists (y) (and (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion y) (occupiesTemporalRegion x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [085-002] " . _:b666238770 . _:b665863110 . _:b663520635 . _:b665863111 . _:b666238771 . _:b665863108 . _:b665862015 . _:b666238768 . _:b665863109 . _:b666238769 . _:b663520628 . _:b666238304 . _:b666238766 . _:b665863106 . _:b665863107 . _:b666238767 . _:b665863104 . _:b665862008 . _:b666238764 . _:b665863105 . _:b666238765 . _:b663520629 . _:b666238305 . _:b666238762 . _:b665863102 . _:b665863103 . _:b665798531 "(iff (SpecificallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (forall (t) (if (existsAt a t) (exists (b) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (not (SpatialRegion b)) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [050-003] " . _:b666238763 . _:b663520457 _:b663520461 . _:b665863100 . _:b665862009 . _:b666238760 . _:b663516570 "A bacterial infectious disease that results_in infection by bacteria as a result of their presence or activity within the normal, healthy host, and their intrinsic virulence is, in part, a necessary consequence of their need to reproduce and spread." . _:b666238761 . _:b665863101 . _:b663913324 . _:b666238306 . _:b663520964 . _:b666238758 . _:b665863098 . _:b663520630 . _:b665863099 . _:b666238759 . _:b665863096 . _:b665862010 . _:b666238756 . _:b663520459 _:b663520458 . _:b665863097 . _:b666238757 . _:b663520456 _:b663520455 . _:b663913323 . _:b666238307 . _:b666238754 . _:b665863094 . _:b663520631 . _:b665863095 . _:b666238755 . _:b665863092 . _:b665862011 . _:b663520962 . _:b666238752 . _:b665863093 . _:b665798956 . _:b666238753 . _:b663520460 _:b663520459 . _:b663913326 . _:b666238332 . _:b666238750 . _:b663520461 _:b663520460 . _:b665863090 . _:b663520624 . _:b665863091 . _:b666238751 . _:b665863088 . _:b665862004 . _:b666238748 . _:b665863089 . _:b665798957 . _:b666238749 . _:b663520625 . _:b666238333 . _:b663520963 . _:b666238746 . _:b665863086 . _:b665863087 . _:b663913481 "BTO:0001307"^^ . _:b666238747 . _:b665863084 . _:b665862005 . _:b666238744 . _:b663520463 _:b663520462 . _:b665863085 . _:b666238745 . _:b663520626 . _:b666238334 . _:b666238742 . _:b665863082 . _:b665863083 . _:b666209581 "It appears that the stomach has an ancient origin. The stomach first appears in the fish lineage. The prevertebrate chordates do not have a true stomach, whereas the cartilaginous and bony fish do. Although most fish do have a true stomach, some fish species appear to have lost the stomach secondarily. The remaining vertebrate lineages do have a true stomach (at least in the adult animal), although there is great variation in the size and shape of the stomach.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663914087 "A disease that manifests in a defined anatomical structure." . _:b666238743 . _:b665863080 . _:b665862006 . _:b666238740 . _:b665863081 . _:b666238741 . _:b663913321 . _:b666238335 . _:b666238738 . _:b665863078 . _:b663520627 . _:b665863079 . _:b666238739 . _:b665863076 . _:b665862007 . _:b666238736 . _:b663520508 _:b663520510 . _:b665863077 . _:b666238737 . _:b663520524 . _:b666238328 . _:b665861474 "ISBN:0-683-40008-8"^^ . _:b666238734 . _:b665863074 . _:b665863075 . _:b666238735 . _:b663914198 . _:b665863072 . _:b665862281 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665862000 . _:b663520975 . _:b666238732 . _:b665863073 . _:b666238733 . _:b665860753 "TAO:0000706"^^ . _:b663520525 . _:b666238329 . _:b666238730 . _:b665863070 . _:b665863071 . _:b666238731 . _:b665863068 . _:b665862001 . _:b666238728 . _:b665863069 . _:b666238729 . _:b663520526 . _:b666238330 . _:b666238726 . _:b665863066 . _:b665863067 . _:b666238727 . _:b665863064 . _:b665862002 . _:b666238724 . _:b665863065 . _:b666238725 . _:b663520527 . _:b666238331 . _:b666238722 . _:b665863062 . _:b665863063 . _:b666238723 . _:b663520510 _:b663520509 . _:b665863060 . _:b665862003 . _:b666238720 . _:b665863061 . _:b666238721 . _:b663913302 . _:b666238324 . _:b666238206 . _:b665863058 . _:b663520520 . _:b665863059 . _:b666238207 . _:b665863056 . _:b666239177 "ISBN:0815318960"^^ . _:b665861996 . _:b666238204 . _:b665863057 . _:b666238205 . _:b663520521 . _:b666238325 . _:b666238202 . _:b663520505 _:b663520504 . _:b665863054 . _:b665863055 . _:b666238203 . _:b665863052 . _:b665861997 . _:b666238200 . _:b665863053 . _:b666238201 . _:b663913296 . _:b666238326 . _:b666238198 . _:b665863050 . _:b663520522 . _:b665863051 . _:b666238199 . _:b665863048 . _:b665861998 . _:b666238196 . _:b663520507 _:b663520506 . _:b665863049 . _:b666238197 . _:b663520523 . _:b666238327 . _:b666238194 . _:b665863046 . _:b665863047 . _:b666238195 . _:b665863044 . _:b665862272 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665861999 . _:b666238192 . _:b665863045 . _:b666238193 . _:b663520516 . _:b666238320 . _:b666238190 . _:b665863042 . _:b665863043 . _:b666238191 . _:b665863040 . _:b665861992 . _:b666238188 . _:b665863041 . _:b666238189 . _:b663520517 . _:b666238321 . _:b666238186 . _:b665863038 . _:b665863039 . _:b666238187 . _:b663520502 _:b663520501 . _:b665863036 . _:b665861993 . _:b666238184 . _:b665863037 . _:b666238185 . _:b663520500 _:b663520499 . _:b663520518 . _:b666238322 . _:b666238182 . _:b665863034 . _:b665863035 . _:b666238950 . _:b666238183 . _:b663520503 _:b663520505 . _:b665863032 . _:b665861994 . _:b666238180 . _:b663913423 . _:b666238181 . _:b665863033 . _:b663520519 . _:b666238323 . _:b666238178 . _:b665863030 . _:b665863031 . _:b666238179 . _:b665863028 . _:b665861995 . _:b666238176 . _:b665863029 . _:b666238177 . _:b663520512 . _:b666238220 . _:b666238174 . _:b663520498 _:b663520500 . _:b665863026 . _:b665863027 . _:b666238175 . _:b665863024 . _:b665861988 . _:b666238172 . _:b665863025 . _:b666238173 . _:b663520513 . _:b666238221 . _:b666238170 . _:b665863022 . _:b665863023 . _:b665798931 . _:b666238171 . _:b665863020 . _:b665861989 . _:b666238168 . _:b665863021 . _:b666238169 . _:b663913304 . _:b666238222 . _:b666238166 . _:b665863018 . _:b663520514 . _:b665863019 . _:b666238167 . _:b665863016 . _:b665861990 . _:b666238164 . _:b665863017 . _:b666238165 . _:b663913311 . _:b666238223 . _:b666238162 . _:b663520497 _:b663520496 . _:b665863014 . _:b663520515 . _:b665863015 . _:b666238163 . _:b665863012 . _:b665861991 . _:b666238160 . _:b665863013 . _:b666238161 . _:b663520540 . _:b666238216 . _:b666238158 . _:b665863010 . _:b665863011 . _:b666238159 . _:b665863008 . _:b665861984 . _:b666238156 . _:b665863009 . _:b666238157 . _:b663520541 . _:b666238217 . _:b666209425 "(iff (TwoDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [033-001] " . _:b666238154 . _:b665863006 . _:b665863007 . _:b666238155 . _:b665863004 . _:b665861985 . _:b666238152 . _:b665863005 . _:b666238153 . _:b663520542 . _:b666238218 . _:b666238150 . _:b665863002 . _:b665863003 . _:b666238151 . _:b663520490 _:b663520489 . _:b665863000 . _:b665861986 . _:b666238148 . _:b663520491 _:b663520490 . _:b665863001 . _:b666238149 . _:b663520488 _:b663520487 . _:b663520543 . _:b666238219 . _:b666238146 . _:b665862998 . _:b665862999 . _:b666209034 "FBbt:00100316"^^ . _:b666238147 . _:b665862996 . _:b665862300 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665861987 . _:b663515917 "Intestinal surface area also is increased in amphibians and reptiles by internal folds and occasionally by a few villi. The intestine can be divided into a small intestine and a slightly wider large intestine.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663520986 . _:b666238144 . _:b665862997 . _:b666238145 . _:b663520492 _:b663520491 . _:b663520536 . _:b666238212 . _:b666238142 . _:b665862994 . _:b665862995 . _:b666238143 . _:b665862992 . _:b665861980 . _:b666238140 . _:b665862993 . _:b666238141 . _:b663913287 . _:b666238213 . _:b663520987 . _:b666238138 . _:b665862990 . _:b663520537 . _:b665862991 . _:b666238139 . _:b665862988 . _:b665861981 . _:b666238136 . _:b663520495 _:b663520494 . _:b665862989 . _:b666238137 . _:b663913280 . _:b666238214 . _:b666238134 . _:b665862986 . _:b663520538 . _:b665862987 . _:b666238135 . _:b665862984 . _:b665862291 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665861982 . _:b666238132 . _:b665862985 . _:b666238133 . _:b663520539 . _:b666238215 . _:b666238130 . _:b665862982 . _:b665862983 . _:b666238131 . _:b663520494 _:b663520493 . _:b665862980 . _:b665861983 . _:b666238128 . _:b665862981 . _:b666238129 . _:b663913284 . _:b666238208 . _:b666238126 . _:b665862978 . _:b663520532 . _:b663913282 . _:b663913424 . . _:b666238127 . _:b663520482 _:b663520481 . _:b665862979 . _:b665862976 . _:b665861976 . _:b666238124 . _:b663520483 _:b663520482 . _:b665797763 "(forall (x t) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (SpatialRegion y) (spatiallyProjectsOntoAt x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [099-001] " . _:b666238125 . _:b665862977 . _:b663913285 . _:b666238209 . _:b666238122 . _:b665862974 . _:b663520533 . _:b665862975 . _:b666238123 . _:b665862972 . _:b665861977 . _:b666238120 . _:b665862973 . _:b666238121 . _:b663520534 . _:b666238210 . _:b666238118 . _:b665862970 . _:b665862971 . _:b666238119 . _:b665862968 . _:b665861978 . _:b666238116 . _:b665862969 . _:b666238117 . _:b665798031 . _:b663913293 . _:b666238211 . _:b666238114 . _:b663520481 _:b663520480 . _:b665862966 . _:b663520535 . _:b665862967 . _:b666238115 . _:b665862964 . _:b665861979 . _:b666238112 . _:b665862965 . _:b666238113 . _:b665798030 . _:b663520528 . _:b666238236 . _:b663520780 . _:b666238110 . _:b665862962 . _:b665862963 . _:b666238111 . _:b665862960 . _:b665861972 . _:b666238108 . _:b665862961 . _:b666238109 . _:b663520529 . _:b666238237 . _:b665861171 "100.0"^^ . _:b663520781 . _:b666238106 . _:b665862958 . _:b665862959 . _:b666238107 . _:b663520486 _:b663520485 . _:b665798891 "subdivision of alimentary system"^^ . _:b665861973 . _:b666238104 . _:b665862956 . _:b665862957 . _:b666238105 . _:b663520530 . _:b666238238 . _:b663520782 . _:b666238102 . _:b663520485 _:b663520484 . _:b665862954 . _:b665862955 . _:b666238103 . _:b665862952 . _:b665861974 . _:b666238100 . _:b665862953 . _:b666238101 . _:b663913289 . _:b666238239 . _:b663520783 . _:b666238098 . _:b665862950 . _:b663520531 . _:b665862951 . _:b666238099 . _:b665862948 . _:b665861975 . _:b666238096 . _:b665862949 . _:b666238097 . _:b663520556 . _:b666238232 . _:b665861166 "100.0"^^ . _:b666238094 . _:b665862946 . _:b665862947 . _:b666238095 . _:b663520396 _:b663520399 . _:b665862944 . _:b665861968 . _:b666238092 . _:b663913433 . _:b663516877 "alimentary system subdivision"^^ . _:b666238093 . _:b665862945 . _:b663913291 . _:b666238233 . _:b666238090 . _:b665862942 . _:b663520557 . _:b665862943 . _:b666238091 . _:b665862940 . _:b665861969 . _:b666238088 . _:b665862941 . _:b666238089 . _:b663520558 . _:b666238234 . _:b666238086 . _:b663520387 _:b663520386 . _:b665862938 . _:b665862939 . _:b666238087 . _:b665862936 . _:b665861970 . _:b666238084 . _:b665862937 . _:b663520771 . _:b666238085 . _:b663520559 . _:b666238235 . _:b666238082 . _:b665862934 . _:b665862935 . _:b666238083 . _:b665862932 . _:b665861971 . _:b666238080 . _:b665862933 . _:b663520772 . _:b666238081 . _:b663520552 . _:b666238228 . _:b666238078 . _:b665862930 . _:b665862931 . _:b666238079 . _:b665862928 . _:b665861964 . _:b666238076 . _:b665862929 . _:b665860484 "(forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (TemporalRegion y) (temporallyProjectsOnto x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [098-001] " . _:b666238077 . _:b663520553 . _:b666238229 . _:b663914235 . _:b666238074 . _:b665862926 . _:b665862927 . _:b666238075 . _:b665862924 . _:b665861965 . _:b666238072 . _:b665862925 . _:b666238073 . _:b663520388 _:b663520387 . _:b663520554 . _:b666238230 . _:b666238070 . _:b665862922 . _:b665862923 . _:b666238071 . _:b665862920 . _:b665861966 . _:b666238068 . _:b665862921 . _:b666238069 . _:b663520555 . _:b666238231 . _:b665861161 "100.0"^^ . _:b666238066 . _:b665862918 . _:b665862919 . _:b666238067 . _:b665862916 . _:b665861967 . _:b666238064 . _:b665862917 . _:b666238065 . _:b663520548 . _:b666238224 . _:b666238062 . _:b665862914 . _:b665862915 . _:b666238063 . _:b663520392 _:b663520391 . _:b665862912 . _:b665861960 . _:b665861487 "ceca"^^ . _:b666238060 . _:b665862913 . _:b666238061 . _:b663520549 . _:b666238225 . _:b666238058 . _:b663520393 _:b663520392 . _:b665862398 . _:b665862399 . _:b666238059 . _:b665862396 . _:b665862246 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665861961 . _:b666238056 . _:b665862397 . _:b666238057 . _:b663520550 . _:b666238226 . _:b665862038 "(iff (RelationalQuality a) (exists (b c t) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (IndependentContinuant c) (qualityOfAt a b t) (qualityOfAt a c t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [057-001] " . _:b665861156 "100.0"^^ . _:b666238054 . _:b665862394 . _:b665862395 . _:b666238055 . _:b665862392 . _:b665861962 . _:b666238052 . _:b665862393 . _:b666238053 . _:b663520390 _:b663520393 . _:b663520551 . _:b666238227 . _:b666238050 . _:b665862390 . _:b665862391 . _:b666238051 . _:b665862388 . _:b665861963 . _:b666238048 . _:b665862389 . _:b665806198 "url:http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf" . _:b666238049 . _:b663520398 _:b663520397 . _:b663520544 . _:b666238252 . _:b666238046 . _:b665862386 . _:b665862387 . _:b666238047 . _:b665862384 . _:b665861956 . _:b666238044 . _:b665862385 . _:b666238045 . _:b663520545 . _:b666238253 . _:b666238042 . _:b665862382 . _:b665862383 . _:b666209034 . _:b666238043 . _:b665862380 . _:b665861957 . _:b666238040 . _:b663520399 _:b663520398 . _:b665862381 . . _:b666238041 . _:b663520546 . _:b666238254 . _:b666238038 . _:b665862378 . _:b665862379 . _:b666238039 . _:b665862376 . _:b665861958 . _:b666238036 . _:b663520385 _:b663520388 . _:b665862377 . _:b666238037 . _:b663520547 . _:b666238255 . _:b666238034 . _:b665862374 . _:b665862375 . _:b663520784 . _:b666238035 . _:b665862372 . _:b665861959 . _:b666238032 . _:b663520407 _:b663520406 . _:b665862373 . _:b666238033 . _:b663520572 . _:b666238248 . _:b666238030 . _:b665862370 . _:b665862371 . _:b666209033 . _:b663520785 . _:b666238031 . _:b665862368 . _:b665861952 . _:b665806440 "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]"^^ . _:b666238028 . _:b665862369 . _:b666238029 . _:b663520573 . _:b666238249 . _:b666238026 . _:b665862366 . _:b665862367 . _:b666238027 . _:b665862364 . _:b665861953 . _:b666238024 . _:b665862365 . _:b666238025 . _:b663520406 _:b663520405 . _:b663520574 . _:b666238250 . _:b666238022 . _:b665862362 . _:b663520099 . _:b666238023 . _:b665862363 . _:b665862360 . _:b665861954 . _:b666238020 . _:b665862361 . _:b666238021 . _:b663520575 . _:b666238251 . _:b666238018 . _:b665862358 . _:b665805453 "url:http://www2.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/mwmednlm?book=Medical&va=anatomic" . _:b666238019 . _:b665862359 . _:b663914021 "b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b\u2019s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003])"@en . _:b665861955 . _:b666238016 . _:b665862356 . _:b665862357 . _:b666238017 . _:b663520568 . _:b666238244 . _:b666238014 . _:b665862354 . _:b665862355 . _:b666238015 . _:b665862352 . _:b666238012 . _:b665862353 . _:b666238013 . _:b663520569 . _:b666238245 . _:b666238010 . _:b665862350 . _:b665862351 . _:b666238011 . _:b665862348 . _:b665805474 . _:b666238008 . _:b665862349 . _:b666238009 . _:b663520570 . _:b666238246 . _:b666238006 . _:b665862346 . _:b665862347 . _:b666238007 . _:b665862344 . _:b666238004 . _:b665862345 . _:b666238005 . _:b663520571 . _:b666238247 . _:b663914221 "cjm"^^ . _:b666238002 . _:b665862342 . _:b665862343 . _:b666209469 . _:b666238003 . _:b665862340 . _:b666238000 . _:b665862341 . _:b666238001 . _:b663913432 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b666238240 . _:b663914220 "cjm"^^ . _:b666237998 . _:b663520415 _:b663520418 . _:b665862338 . _:b663520564 . _:b665862339 . _:b666237999 . _:b665862336 . _:b666237996 . _:b665862337 . _:b666237997 . _:b663520565 . _:b666238241 . _:b666237994 . _:b665862334 . _:b665862335 . _:b666237995 . _:b665862332 . _:b666237992 . _:b665862333 . _:b666237993 . _:b665805652 . _:b666238242 . _:b666237990 . _:b665862330 . _:b663520566 . _:b665862331 . _:b666237991 . _:b665862328 . _:b666237988 . _:b665862329 . _:b666237989 . _:b663520567 . _:b666238243 . _:b666237986 . _:b665862326 . _:b665862327 . _:b666237987 . _:b665862324 . _:b666237984 . _:b665862325 . _:b666237985 . _:b663520560 . _:b666238268 . _:b666237982 . _:b665862322 . _:b665862323 . _:b666237983 . _:b665862320 . _:b666237980 . _:b665862321 . _:b666237981 . _:b663520561 . _:b666238269 . _:b666237978 . _:b665862318 . _:b665862319 . _:b666237979 . _:b665862316 . _:b666237976 . _:b665862317 . _:b666237977 . _:b663520562 . _:b666238270 . _:b666237974 . _:b665862314 . _:b665862315 . _:b666237975 . _:b663520404 _:b663520407 . _:b665862312 . _:b666237972 . _:b665862313 . _:b666237973 . _:b663520563 . _:b666238271 . _:b666237970 . _:b665862310 . _:b665862311 . _:b666237971 . _:b665862308 . _:b666237968 . _:b665862309 . _:b663520803 . _:b666237969 . _:b663520460 . _:b666238264 . _:b666237966 . _:b665862306 . _:b665862307 . _:b666237967 . _:b665862304 . _:b665862064 . _:b666237964 . _:b665862305 . _:b666237965 . _:b663520461 . _:b666238265 . _:b666237962 . _:b665862302 . _:b665862303 . _:b666237963 . _:b663913257 . _:b666237960 . _:b665862300 . _:b665862301 . _:b666237961 . _:b663520462 . _:b666238266 . _:b666237958 . _:b665862298 . _:b665862299 . _:b666237959 . _:b663520420 _:b663520423 . _:b663913256 . _:b666237956 . _:b665862296 . _:b665862297 . _:b666237957 . _:b663520463 . _:b666238267 . _:b666237954 . _:b665862294 . _:b665862295 . _:b666237955 . _:b665862292 . _:b666237952 . _:b665862293 . _:b666237953 . _:b665797719 "Entity doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example Werner Ceusters 'portions of reality' include 4 sorts, entities (as BFO construes them), universals, configurations, and relations. It is an open question as to whether entities as construed in BFO will at some point also include these other portions of reality. See, for example, 'How to track absolutely everything' at http://www.referent-tracking.com/_RTU/papers/CeustersICbookRevised.pdf"@en . _:b666238260 . _:b666238462 . _:b665862290 . _:b663520456 . _:b665862291 . _:b666238463 . _:b663913258 . _:b665862221 "VHOG"^^ . _:b666238460 . _:b665862288 . _:b665862289 . _:b666238461 . _:b663520457 . _:b666238261 . _:b666238458 . _:b665862286 . _:b665862287 . _:b666238459 . _:b665862284 . _:b666238456 . _:b665862285 . _:b666238457 . _:b663520458 . _:b666238262 . _:b666238454 . _:b665862282 . _:b665862283 . _:b666238455 . _:b665862280 . _:b666238452 . _:b663520429 _:b663520428 . _:b665862281 . _:b663520804 . _:b666238453 . _:b663520459 . _:b666238263 . _:b666238450 . _:b665862278 . _:b665862279 . _:b666238451 . _:b663520430 _:b663520429 . _:b665862276 . _:b666238448 . _:b663520417 _:b663520416 . _:b665862277 . _:b666238449 . _:b663520452 . _:b666238256 . _:b666238446 . _:b665862274 . _:b665862275 . _:b666238447 . _:b663520418 _:b663520417 . _:b663516507 "All realizable dependent continuants have independent continuants that are not spatial regions as their bearers. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [060-002])"@en . _:b665862209 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665862056 . _:b666238444 . _:b665862272 . _:b665862273 . _:b666238445 . _:b663520453 . _:b666238257 . _:b666238442 . _:b665862270 . _:b665862271 . _:b666238443 . _:b663913249 . _:b665862057 . _:b666238440 . _:b665862268 . _:b665862269 . _:b666238441 . _:b663913422 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b666238258 . _:b666238438 . _:b665862266 . _:b663520454 . _:b665862267 . _:b666238439 . _:b665862264 . _:b665862058 . _:b666238436 . _:b665862265 . _:b666238437 . _:b665798546 . _:b663520455 . _:b666238259 . _:b666238434 . _:b665862262 . _:b665862263 . _:b666238435 . _:b663913251 . _:b665862059 . _:b666238432 . _:b663520423 _:b663520422 . _:b665862260 . _:b665862261 . _:b666238433 . _:b663520448 . _:b666238156 . _:b666238430 . _:b665862258 . _:b665862259 . _:b666238431 . _:b663913250 . _:b666238428 . _:b665862256 . _:b665862257 . _:b666238429 . _:b663520449 . _:b666238157 . _:b666238426 . _:b665862254 . _:b665862255 . _:b666238427 . _:b663913253 . _:b665862053 . _:b666238424 . _:b665862252 . _:b665862253 . _:b666238425 . _:b665798545 . _:b663520422 _:b663520421 . _:b663520450 . _:b666238158 . _:b666238422 . _:b665798550 . _:b665862250 . _:b665862251 . _:b666238118 "A spatiotemporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of spacetime. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [095-001])"@en . _:b666238423 . _:b663913252 . _:b666238420 . _:b665862248 . _:b665862249 . _:b666238421 . _:b663520451 . _:b666238159 . _:b666238418 . _:b665798551 . _:b663520427 _:b663520430 . _:b665862246 . _:b665862247 . _:b666238419 . _:b663913255 . _:b666238450 "MP:0002581"^^ . _:b666238416 . _:b665862244 . _:b665862245 . _:b666238417 . _:b663520444 _:b663520443 . _:b663520476 . _:b666238152 . _:b666238414 . _:b663520445 _:b663520444 . _:b665862242 . _:b665862243 . _:b666238415 . _:b663913254 . _:b665862048 . _:b666238412 . _:b665862240 . _:b665862241 . _:b666238413 . _:b663520477 . _:b666238153 . _:b666238410 . _:b665862238 . _:b665862239 . _:b666238411 . _:b665862236 . _:b666238408 . _:b665862237 . _:b666238409 . _:b663520478 . _:b666238154 . _:b666238406 . _:b665862234 . _:b665862235 . _:b666238407 . _:b665862232 . _:b666238404 . _:b663520433 _:b663520436 . _:b665862233 . _:b666238405 . _:b663520479 . _:b666238155 . _:b666208968 . _:b663519964 "(forall (x) (iff (Occurrent x) (and (Entity x) (exists (y) (temporalPartOf y x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [079-001] " . _:b666238402 . _:b663520082 "A disease of anatomical entity that is located_in the gastrointestinal tract." . _:b665862230 . _:b665862231 . _:b666238403 . _:b663520446 _:b663520445 . _:b665862228 . _:b666238400 . _:b665862229 . _:b665861404 "VHOG:0000056"^^ . _:b666238401 . _:b663520472 . _:b666238148 . _:b666208967 . _:b666238398 . _:b665862226 . _:b665862227 . _:b666238399 . _:b665862224 . _:b665862044 . _:b666238396 . _:b665862225 . _:b666238397 . _:b663520473 . _:b666238149 . _:b666238394 . _:b665862222 . _:b665862223 . _:b666238395 . _:b665862220 . _:b665862045 . _:b666238392 . _:b665862221 . _:b665798545 "b is a site means: b is a three-dimensional immaterial entity that is (partially or wholly) bounded by a material entity or it is a three-dimensional immaterial part thereof. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [034-002])"@en . _:b666238393 . _:b665798088 . _:b663520474 . _:b666238150 . _:b666238390 . _:b665862218 . _:b665862219 . _:b666238391 . _:b665798558 . _:b663520442 _:b663520441 . _:b665862216 . _:b665862046 . _:b666238388 . _:b663520443 _:b663520442 . _:b665862217 . _:b666238389 . _:b663520475 . _:b666238151 . _:b665806363 "BTO:0001158"^^ . _:b666238386 . _:b665862214 . _:b665862215 . _:b666238387 . _:b665798559 . _:b665862212 . _:b665862047 . _:b666238384 . _:b665862213 . _:b666238385 . _:b663520468 . _:b666238144 . _:b666238382 . _:b665862210 . _:b665862211 . _:b665798822 . _:b666238383 . _:b665862208 . _:b665862040 . _:b666238380 . _:b665862209 . _:b665862200 . _:b666238381 . _:b663520469 . _:b666238145 . _:b666238378 . _:b665805639 "TAO:0000706"^^ . _:b665862206 . _:b663914040 "b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001])"@en . _:b666238379 . _:b665862207 . _:b665862204 . _:b665862041 . _:b666238376 . _:b665862205 . _:b665798820 . _:b666238377 . _:b663520436 _:b663520435 . _:b663520470 . _:b666238146 . _:b666238374 . _:b665862202 . _:b665862203 . _:b666238375 . _:b665862200 . _:b665862042 . _:b666238372 . _:b665862201 . _:b666238373 . _:b663520471 . _:b666238147 . _:b666238370 . _:b665862198 . _:b665862199 . _:b665798821 . _:b666238371 . _:b665862196 . _:b665862043 . _:b666238368 . _:b665862197 . _:b666238369 . _:b663520464 . _:b666238172 . _:b666238366 . _:b665862194 . _:b665798092 . _:b666238367 . _:b665862195 . _:b665862192 . _:b665862036 . _:b663914311 "NCBITaxon:9606"^^ . _:b666238364 . _:b665862193 . _:b666238365 . _:b663520465 . _:b666238173 . _:b666238362 . _:b665862190 . _:b665798093 . _:b666238363 . _:b665798528 . _:b665862191 . _:b665862188 . _:b665862037 . _:b665798571 "(forall (x y) (if (processProfileOf x y) (and (properContinuantPartOf x y) (exists (z t) (and (properOccurrentPartOf z y) (TemporalRegion t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion y t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion z t) (not (exists (w) (and (occurrentPartOf w x) (occurrentPartOf w z))))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [094-005] " . _:b666238360 . _:b663913269 . _:b666238361 . _:b665862189 . _:b663520466 . _:b666238174 . _:b666238358 . _:b663520435 _:b663520434 . _:b665862186 . _:b665798094 . _:b666238359 . _:b665862187 . _:b665862184 . _:b665862038 . _:b666238356 . _:b665862185 . _:b666238357 . _:b663520467 . _:b666238175 . _:b666238354 . _:b665862182 . _:b665798095 . _:b666238355 . _:b665862183 . _:b665862180 . _:b665862039 . _:b666238352 . _:b665862181 . _:b666238353 . _:b663520492 . _:b666238168 . _:b666238350 . _:b665862178 . _:b665798088 . _:b665798830 . _:b666238351 . _:b665862179 . _:b665862176 . _:b665862032 . _:b666238348 . _:b665798532 . _:b663913270 . _:b666238349 . _:b665862177 . _:b663520493 . _:b666238169 . _:b666238346 . _:b665862174 . _:b665798089 . _:b665798831 . _:b666238347 . _:b665862175 . _:b665862172 . _:b665862033 . _:b666238344 . _:b665798533 . _:b665862173 . _:b665798828 . _:b666238345 . _:b663520494 . _:b666238170 . _:b666238342 . _:b665862170 . _:b665798090 . _:b666238343 . _:b665862171 . _:b665862168 . _:b665862034 . _:b666238340 . _:b665862169 . _:b666238341 . _:b663913289 . _:b666238171 . _:b666238338 . _:b665862166 . _:b663520495 . _:b665798091 . _:b665798829 . _:b666238339 . _:b665862167 . _:b665862164 . _:b665862035 . _:b666238336 . _:b665862165 . _:b666209316 "Continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example, in an expansion involving bringing in some of Ceuster's other portions of reality, questions are raised as to whether universals are continuants"@en . _:b666238337 . _:b663913290 . _:b666238164 . _:b666209761 . _:b666238334 . _:b665862162 . _:b663520488 . _:b665798084 . _:b666238335 . _:b665806147 "A three-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of three dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [040-001])"@en . _:b665862163 . _:b665862160 . _:b666208930 "The first two fifth of the small intestine beyond the duodenum. It extends from the end of the duodenum to the ileum. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665862028 . _:b666238332 . _:b665862161 . _:b666238333 . _:b663520489 . _:b666238165 . _:b666238330 . _:b665862158 . _:b665798085 . _:b666238331 . _:b665862159 . _:b665862156 . _:b665862029 . _:b666238328 . _:b665862157 . _:b666209617 . _:b666238329 . _:b663520490 . _:b666238166 . _:b666238326 . _:b665862154 . _:b665798086 . _:b665805538 . _:b666238327 . _:b665862155 . _:b665862152 . _:b665863036 "the portion of the small intestine that extends from the duodenum to the ileum"^^ . _:b665862030 . _:b666238324 . _:b665862153 . _:b666238325 . _:b663520491 . _:b666238167 . _:b666238322 . _:b665862150 . _:b665798087 . _:b666238323 . _:b665862151 . _:b665862148 . _:b665862031 . _:b666238320 . _:b665862149 . _:b666238321 . _:b663520484 . _:b666238160 . _:b665805380 "(forall (x) (if (RealizableEntity x) (and (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (inheresIn x y)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [058-002] " . _:b666238318 . _:b665862146 . _:b665798080 . _:b665798838 . _:b666238319 . _:b665862147 . _:b665862144 . _:b665862024 . _:b666238316 . _:b665862145 . _:b666209618 . _:b666238317 . _:b663520485 . _:b666238161 . _:b666238314 . _:b665862654 . _:b665798081 . _:b665798839 . _:b666238315 . _:b665862655 . _:b665862652 . _:b665862025 . _:b666238312 . _:b665862653 . _:b666238313 . _:b663520486 . _:b666238162 . _:b666238310 . _:b665862650 . _:b665798082 . _:b666238311 . _:b665862651 . _:b665862648 . _:b665862026 . _:b666238308 . _:b665862649 . _:b665798837 . _:b666238309 . _:b663520487 . _:b666238163 . _:b666238306 . _:b665862646 . _:b665798083 . _:b666238307 . _:b665862647 . _:b665862644 . _:b665862027 . _:b666238304 . _:b665862645 . _:b666238305 . _:b663520480 . _:b666238188 . _:b666238302 . _:b665862642 . _:b665798108 . _:b666238303 . _:b665862643 . _:b665862640 . _:b665862020 . _:b666238300 . _:b663516058 "The fixed portion of the small intestine deeply lodged in the posterior wall of the abdomen and extending from the pylorus to the beginning of the jejunum. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665862641 . _:b666238301 . _:b665797937 . _:b663520481 . _:b666238189 . _:b666238298 . _:b665862638 . _:b665798109 . _:b666238299 . _:b665862639 . _:b665862636 . _:b665862021 . _:b666238296 . _:b663516940 . _:b665862637 . _:b666238297 . _:b663520482 . _:b666238190 . _:b666238294 . _:b665862634 . _:b665798110 . _:b666238295 . _:b665862635 . _:b665862632 . _:b665862022 . _:b666238292 . _:b663516941 . _:b665862633 . _:b666238293 . _:b663520483 . _:b666238191 . _:b666238290 . _:b665862630 . _:b665798111 . _:b666238291 . _:b665862631 . _:b665862628 . _:b665862023 . _:b666238288 . _:b663516942 . _:b665862629 . _:b666238289 . _:b663520508 . _:b666238184 . _:b663914248 . _:b666238286 . _:b665862626 . _:b665798104 . _:b666238287 . _:b665862627 . _:b665862624 . _:b665862016 . _:b666238284 . _:b663516943 . _:b665862625 . _:b666238285 . _:b663520509 . _:b666238185 . _:b666238282 . _:b665862622 . _:b665798105 . _:b666238283 . _:b665862623 . _:b665862620 . _:b665862017 . _:b666238280 . _:b663516936 . _:b665862621 . _:b665861544 "MGI:monikat"^^ . _:b666238281 . _:b663520510 . _:b666238186 . _:b666238278 . _:b665862618 . _:b665798106 . _:b666238279 . _:b665862619 . _:b665862616 . _:b665862018 . _:b666238276 . _:b663516937 . _:b665862617 . _:b666238277 . _:b663520511 . _:b666238187 . _:b666238274 . _:b665862614 . _:b665798107 . _:b666238275 . _:b665862615 . _:b665862612 . _:b665862019 . _:b666238272 . _:b663516938 . _:b665862613 . _:b666238273 . _:b663520504 . _:b666238180 . _:b666238270 . _:b665862610 . _:b665798100 . _:b666238271 . _:b665862611 . _:b665862608 . _:b665862140 . _:b666238268 . _:b663516939 . _:b665862609 . _:b666238269 . _:b663520505 . _:b666238181 . _:b666238266 . _:b665862606 . _:b665798101 . _:b666238267 . _:b665862607 . _:b665862604 . _:b665862141 . _:b666238264 . _:b663516932 . _:b665862605 . _:b666238265 . _:b665797928 . _:b663520506 . _:b666238182 . _:b666238262 . _:b665862602 . _:b665798102 . _:b665798840 . _:b666238263 . _:b665862603 . _:b665862600 . _:b665862142 . _:b666238260 . _:b663516933 . _:b665862601 . _:b666238261 . _:b663520507 . _:b666238183 . _:b663914167 . _:b666238258 . _:b665862598 . _:b665798103 . _:b665798841 . _:b666238259 . _:b665862599 . _:b665862596 . _:b666238256 . _:b663516934 . _:b665862597 . _:b666238257 . _:b663520500 . _:b666238176 . _:b665862233 . _:b666238254 . _:b665862594 . _:b665798096 . _:b666238255 . _:b665862595 . _:b665862592 . _:b666238252 . _:b663516935 . _:b665862593 . _:b666238253 . _:b663520501 . _:b666238423 "ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.566"^^ . _:b666238177 . _:b665862232 . _:b666238250 . _:b665862590 . _:b665798097 . _:b666238251 . _:b665862591 . _:b665862588 . _:b666238248 . _:b663516928 . _:b665862589 . _:b666238249 . _:b663520502 . _:b666238178 . _:b666238246 . _:b665862586 . _:b665798098 . _:b666238247 . _:b665798562 . _:b665862587 . _:b665862584 . _:b665862138 . _:b666238244 . _:b663516929 . _:b665862585 . _:b666238245 . _:b663520503 . _:b666238179 . _:b666238242 . _:b665862582 . _:b665798099 . _:b666238243 . _:b665798563 . _:b665862583 . _:b665862580 . _:b665862196 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665862139 . _:b666238240 . _:b663516930 . _:b665862581 . _:b666238241 . _:b663520496 . _:b666238204 . _:b666238238 . _:b665862578 . _:b663515741 "(forall (x) (if (TemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [100-001] " . _:b666238239 . _:b665798560 . _:b665862579 . _:b665798124 . _:b663913298 . _:b665862576 . _:b666238236 . _:b663516931 . _:b665862577 . _:b666238237 . _:b663520497 . _:b666238205 . _:b666209758 . _:b663914271 . _:b666238234 . _:b665862574 . _:b663913299 . _:b666238235 . _:b665798561 . _:b665862575 . _:b665798125 . _:b665862572 . _:b666239005 . _:b666238232 . _:b665862573 . _:b666238233 . _:b663520498 . _:b666238206 . _:b666238230 . _:b665862570 . _:b663913300 . _:b666238231 . _:b665862571 . _:b665798126 . _:b665862568 . _:b666238228 . _:b665862569 . _:b666238229 . _:b663520499 . _:b666238207 . _:b666238226 . _:b665797900 . _:b665862566 . _:b663913301 . _:b666238227 . _:b665862567 . _:b665798127 . _:b663913302 . _:b666238224 . _:b665862564 . _:b665862565 . _:b666238225 . _:b663520396 . _:b666238200 . _:b666238222 . _:b665862562 . _:b665798120 . _:b666238223 . _:b665862563 . _:b663913303 . _:b666238220 . _:b665862560 . _:b665862561 . _:b666238221 . _:b663520397 . _:b666238201 . _:b666238218 . _:b665862558 . _:b665798121 . _:b666238219 . _:b665862559 . _:b665862556 . _:b666238216 . _:b663516952 . _:b665862557 . _:b666238217 . _:b663520398 . _:b666238202 . _:b666238214 . _:b665862554 . _:b665798122 . _:b666238215 . _:b665862555 . _:b665862552 . _:b666238212 . _:b665862553 . _:b666238213 . _:b663913322 . _:b666238203 . _:b666238210 . _:b665862550 . _:b663520399 . _:b665798123 . _:b666238211 . _:b665862551 . _:b665862548 . _:b666238208 . _:b665862549 . _:b666238209 . _:b663913321 . _:b666238196 . _:b665862546 . _:b663520392 . _:b665798116 . _:b665862547 . _:b665862544 . _:b665862545 . _:b663520393 . _:b666238197 . _:b665862542 . _:b665798117 . _:b665862543 . _:b665862540 . _:b663516948 . _:b665862541 . _:b663520394 . _:b666238198 . _:b665862538 . _:b665798118 . _:b665862539 . _:b665862536 . _:b663516949 . _:b665862537 . _:b663520395 . _:b666238199 . _:b665862534 . _:b665798119 . _:b665862535 . _:b665862532 . _:b663516950 . _:b665862533 . _:b663520388 . _:b666238192 . _:b665862530 . _:b665798112 . _:b665862531 . _:b665862528 . _:b663516951 . _:b665862529 . _:b663520389 . _:b666238193 . _:b663914175 "cjm"^^ . _:b665862526 . _:b665798113 . _:b665862527 . _:b665862524 . _:b665862150 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663516944 . _:b665862525 . _:b666239192 . _:b663520390 . _:b666238194 . _:b665862522 . _:b665798114 . _:b665862523 . _:b665862520 . _:b663516945 . _:b665862521 . _:b663520391 . _:b666238195 . _:b665862518 . _:b665798115 . _:b665862519 . _:b663520754 "If an entity is a quality at any time that it exists, then it is a quality at every time that it exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [105-001])"@en . _:b663516946 . _:b665862516 . _:b665862517 . _:b663520384 . _:b666238092 . _:b665862514 . _:b665798140 . _:b665862515 . _:b665862512 . _:b663516947 . _:b665862513 . _:b663520385 . _:b666238093 . _:b665862510 . _:b665798141 . _:b665862511 . _:b665862508 . _:b665862509 . _:b666239188 . _:b663520386 . _:b666238094 . _:b665862506 . _:b665798142 . _:b665862507 . _:b665862504 . _:b665862505 . _:b666239189 . _:b663520387 . _:b666238095 . _:b665862502 . _:b665798143 . _:b665862503 . _:b665862500 . _:b665862501 . _:b666239190 . _:b663520412 . _:b666238088 . _:b665860492 "All realizable dependent continuants have independent continuants that are not spatial regions as their bearers. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [060-002])"@en . _:b665862498 . _:b665798136 . _:b665862499 . _:b665862496 . _:b665862497 . _:b666239191 . _:b663520413 . _:b666238089 . _:b665862494 . _:b665798137 . _:b665862495 . _:b665862492 . _:b665862493 . _:b663520414 . _:b666238090 . _:b663914166 "cjm"^^ . _:b665862490 . _:b665798138 . _:b665863173 . _:b665862491 . _:b665862488 . _:b665862489 . _:b663520415 . _:b666238091 . _:b665862486 . _:b665798139 . _:b665862487 . _:b665862484 . _:b665863172 . _:b665862485 . _:b666239186 . _:b663520408 . _:b666238084 . _:b665862482 . _:b665798132 . _:b665798810 . _:b665862483 . _:b665862480 . _:b665862481 . _:b666239187 . _:b663520409 . _:b666238085 . _:b665863174 . _:b665862478 . _:b665798133 . _:b665798811 . _:b665862479 . _:b665862476 . _:b665862477 . _:b663520410 . _:b666238086 . _:b665862474 . _:b665798134 . _:b665862475 . _:b665862472 . _:b665862473 . _:b665798809 . _:b663520411 . _:b666238087 . _:b665862470 . _:b665798573 "b is a relational quality = Def. for some independent continuants c, d and for some time t: b quality_of c at t & b quality_of d at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [057-001])"@en . _:b665863169 . _:b665862471 . _:b665798135 . _:b665862468 . _:b665862469 . _:b663520404 . _:b666238080 . _:b665863170 . _:b665862466 . _:b665798128 . _:b665862467 . _:b665862464 . _:b665862465 . _:b665863171 . _:b663520405 . _:b666238081 . _:b663913274 "(forall (x) (if (exists (t) (and (existsAt x t) (Quality x))) (forall (t_1) (if (existsAt x t_1) (Quality x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [105-001] " . _:b665862462 . _:b665798129 . _:b665862463 . _:b665862460 . _:b665862461 . _:b663520406 . _:b666238082 . _:b665862458 . _:b665798130 . _:b665862459 . _:b665862456 . _:b665862457 . _:b665860803 "BTO:0000657"^^ . _:b663520407 . _:b666238083 . _:b665862454 . _:b665798131 . _:b665862455 . _:b665862452 . _:b665862453 . _:b663520400 . _:b666238108 . _:b665862450 . _:b665798028 . _:b665862451 . _:b665862448 . _:b665862449 . _:b665860801 "BTO:0000657"^^ . _:b663520401 . _:b666238109 . _:b665860807 "ISBN:0-683-40008-8"^^ . _:b665862446 . _:b665798029 . _:b665862447 . _:b665862444 . _:b665798818 . _:b665862445 . _:b663520402 . _:b666238110 . _:b665862442 . _:b665798030 . _:b665862443 . _:b665862440 . _:b665798819 . _:b665862441 . _:b663520403 . _:b666238111 . _:b665862438 . _:b665798031 . _:b665862439 . _:b663913671 . _:b665862436 . _:b665862437 . _:b666238961 "A disease of anatomical entity that is located_in the gastrointestinal tract." . _:b663520428 . _:b666238104 . _:b665862434 . _:b665798024 . _:b665862435 . _:b665862432 . _:b665862433 . _:b663520429 . _:b666238105 . _:b665862430 . _:b665798025 . _:b665861296 "a zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a fiat point whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [031-001])"@en . _:b665862431 . _:b665862428 . _:b665862429 . _:b665860656 "Segment of the alimentary canal extending from the stomach to the anus and, in humans and other mammals, consists of two segments, the small intestine and the large intestine."^^ . _:b663520430 . _:b666238106 . _:b665862426 . _:b665798026 . _:b665805385 "(forall (x) (if (Quality x) (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [055-001] " . _:b665862427 . _:b665862424 . _:b665862425 . _:b663520431 . _:b666238107 . _:b665862422 . _:b665798027 . _:b665862423 . _:b665862420 . _:b665862421 . _:b663520424 . _:b666238100 . _:b665862418 . _:b665798020 . _:b665798890 . _:b665862419 . _:b665862416 . _:b665862417 . _:b663520425 . _:b666238101 . _:b665862414 . _:b665798021 . _:b665798891 . _:b665862415 . _:b665862412 . _:b665862413 . _:b665798008 . _:b663520426 . _:b666238102 . _:b665862410 . _:b665798022 . _:b665862411 . _:b665862408 . _:b665862409 . _:b663520427 . _:b666238103 . _:b665862406 . _:b665798023 . _:b665862407 . _:b665862404 . _:b665862405 . _:b665798600 . _:b663520420 . _:b666238096 . _:b665862402 . _:b665798016 . _:b665862403 . _:b665862400 . _:b665862401 . _:b663520421 . _:b666238097 . _:b665798017 . _:b663520422 . _:b666238098 . _:b665798018 . _:b665798015 . _:b663520423 . _:b666238099 . _:b665798019 . _:b663520416 . _:b666238124 . _:b665798044 . _:b663520417 . _:b666238125 . _:b665798045 . _:b663516876 . _:b663520418 . _:b666238126 . _:b665798046 . _:b663516877 . _:b663520419 . _:b666238127 . _:b665798047 . _:b665860561 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathogenic_bacteria" . _:b663516878 . _:b663520444 . _:b666238120 . _:b665798040 . _:b663516879 . _:b665798005 . _:b663520445 . _:b666238121 . _:b665798041 . _:b665860445 "(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (hasContinuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [126-001] " . _:b663516872 . _:b663520446 . _:b666238122 . _:b665798042 . _:b663516873 . _:b665862274 . _:b663520447 . _:b666238123 . _:b665798043 . _:b663516874 . _:b665798006 . _:b663520440 . _:b666238116 . _:b665798036 . _:b663516875 . _:b663520441 . _:b666238117 . _:b665798037 . _:b663516868 . _:b663520442 . _:b666238118 . _:b665798038 . _:b663516869 . _:b663520443 . _:b666238119 . _:b665798039 . _:b666208650 . _:b663516870 . _:b663520436 . _:b666238112 . _:b665798032 . _:b663516871 . _:b663520437 . _:b666238113 . _:b665798033 . _:b663520308 "MP:0004002"^^ . _:b663516864 . _:b663914298 "Subdivision of digestive tract that connects the stomach to the large intestine and is where much of the digestion and absorption of food takes place (with the exception of ruminants). The mammalian small intestine is long and coiled and can be differentiated histologically into: duodenum, jejunem, ileum[WP,cjm,Kardong]."^^ . _:b663520438 . _:b666238114 . _:b665798034 . _:b663914042 "A function is a disposition that exists in virtue of the bearer\u2019s physical make-up and this physical make-up is something the bearer possesses because it came into being, either through evolution (in the case of natural biological entities) or through intentional design (in the case of artifacts), in order to realize processes of a certain sort. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [064-001])"@en . _:b663516865 . _:b663520439 . _:b666238115 . _:b665798035 . _:b663516866 . _:b663520432 . _:b666238140 . _:b665798060 . _:b663516867 . _:b663520433 . _:b666238141 . _:b665798061 . _:b663516892 . _:b663520434 . _:b666238142 . _:b665861950 "(forall (x t) (if (IndependentContinuant x) (exists (r) (and (SpatialRegion r) (locatedInAt x r t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [134-001] " . _:b665798062 . _:b663516893 . _:b663520435 . _:b666238143 . _:b665798063 . _:b663516894 . _:b663520332 . _:b666238136 . _:b665798056 . _:b663516895 . _:b663520333 . _:b666238137 . _:b665798057 . _:b663516888 . _:b663520334 . _:b666238138 . _:b665798058 . _:b663516889 . _:b665860741 "ceca"^^ . _:b663520335 . _:b666238139 . _:b665798059 . _:b663516890 . _:b663520328 . _:b666238132 . _:b665798052 . _:b663516891 . _:b663520329 . _:b666238133 . _:b665798053 . _:b663516884 . _:b663520330 . _:b666238134 . _:b665798054 . _:b663516885 . _:b663520331 . _:b666238135 . _:b665798055 . _:b665805581 . _:b663516886 . _:b663520324 . _:b666238128 . _:b665798048 . _:b663516887 . _:b663520325 . _:b666238129 . _:b665798049 . _:b663516880 . _:b663520326 . _:b666238130 . _:b665862127 . _:b665798050 . _:b663516881 . _:b665797983 . _:b663520327 . _:b666238131 . _:b665798051 . _:b663516882 . _:b665797982 . _:b663520320 . _:b666238927 "(iff (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ImmaterialEntity a) (exists (b) (and (or (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b)) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))) (not (exists (c t) (and (SpatialRegion c) (continuantPartOfAt c a t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [029-001] " . _:b666238028 . _:b665798076 . _:b666238185 "b process_profile_of c holds when b proper_occurrent_part_of c& there is some proper_occurrent_part d of c which has no parts in common with b & is mutually dependent on b& is such that b, c and d occupy the same temporal region (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [094-005])"@en . _:b663516883 . _:b663520321 . _:b666238029 . _:b665798077 . _:b663516908 . _:b666238359 . _:b663520322 . _:b666238030 . _:b666209519 . _:b665798078 . _:b663516909 . _:b666238358 . _:b663520323 . _:b666238031 . _:b665798079 . _:b663516910 . _:b663520348 . _:b666238024 . _:b665798072 . _:b663516911 . _:b663520349 . _:b666238025 . _:b665798073 . _:b663516904 . _:b663520350 . _:b666238026 . _:b665798074 . _:b663516905 . _:b663520351 . _:b666238027 . _:b665798075 . _:b663516906 . _:b663520344 . _:b666238020 . _:b665798068 . _:b663516907 . _:b663520345 . _:b666238021 . _:b665798069 . _:b663516900 . _:b663520346 . _:b666238022 . _:b665798070 . _:b663516901 . _:b663520347 . _:b666238023 . _:b665798071 . _:b663516902 . _:b666238361 . _:b663515797 "A one-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is extended. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [103-001])"@en . _:b663520340 . _:b666238016 . _:b665798064 . _:b663516903 . _:b666238360 . _:b663520341 . _:b666238017 . _:b665798065 . _:b663516896 . _:b663520342 . _:b666238018 . _:b665806267 . _:b665798066 . _:b663516897 . _:b666238362 . _:b665805813 . _:b666238019 . _:b663520343 . _:b665798067 . _:b663516898 . _:b663520336 . _:b666238044 . _:b665797964 . _:b663516899 . _:b663520337 . _:b666238045 . _:b665797965 . _:b663516924 . _:b663520338 . _:b666238046 . _:b665805360 "(forall (x) (if (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [039-001] " . _:b665797966 . _:b663516925 . _:b663520339 . _:b666238047 . _:b665797967 . _:b665805458 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_gastrointestinal_tract" . _:b663516926 . _:b665805810 . _:b666238040 . _:b663520364 . _:b663913249 "A spatiotemporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of spacetime. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [095-001])"@en . _:b665798473 "(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (hasContinuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [126-001] " . _:b665797960 . _:b663516927 . _:b663520365 . _:b666238041 . _:b665797961 . _:b663516920 . _:b663520366 . _:b666238042 . _:b663913479 "We restrict this to the vertebrate specific structure - see the grouping class 'food storage organ' for analogous structures in other species. Teleosts: Zebrafish is functionally stomach-less, but may retain ontogenic footprint. Although the precise shape and size of the stomach varies widely among different vertebrates, the relative positions of the oesophageal and duodenal openings remain relatively constant. As a result, the organ always curves somewhat to the left before curving back to meet the pyloric sphincter. However, lampreys, hagfishes, chimaeras, lungfishes, and some teleost fish have no stomach at all, with the oesophagus opening directly into the intestine. The gastric lining is usually divided into two regions, an anterior portion lined by fundic glands, and a posterior with pyloric glands. Cardiac glands are unique to mammals, and even then are absent in a number of species. The distributions of these glands vary between species, and do not always correspond with the same regions as in man. Furthermore, in many non-human mammals, a portion of the stomach anterior to the cardiac glands is lined with epithelium essentially identical to that of the oesophagus. Ruminants, in particular, have a complex stomach, the first three chambers of which are all lined with oesophageal mucosa"^^ . _:b665797962 . _:b663516921 . _:b666238876 "b is a disposition means: b is a realizable entity & b\u2019s bearer is some material entity & b is such that if it ceases to exist, then its bearer is physically changed, & b\u2019s realization occurs when and because this bearer is in some special physical circumstances, & this realization occurs in virtue of the bearer\u2019s physical make-up. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [062-002])"@en . _:b663520367 . _:b666238043 . _:b665797938 "Segment of the alimentary canal extending from the stomach to the anus and, in humans and other mammals, consists of two segments, the small intestine and the large intestine."^^ . _:b665797963 . _:b663516922 . _:b663520360 . _:b666238036 . _:b665797956 . _:b663516923 . _:b663520159 "ncithesaurus:Large_Intestine"^^ . _:b663520361 . _:b666238037 . _:b665797957 . _:b663516916 . _:b663520362 . _:b666238038 . _:b665797958 . _:b663516917 . _:b663520363 . _:b666238039 . _:b665797959 . _:b663516918 . _:b663520356 . _:b666238032 . _:b665797952 . _:b663516919 . _:b663520357 . _:b666238033 . _:b665798143 . _:b665797953 . _:b663516912 . . _:b663520358 . _:b666238034 . _:b665797954 . _:b663516913 . _:b663520359 . _:b666238035 . _:b665797955 . _:b663516914 . _:b663520352 . _:b666238060 . _:b665797980 . _:b663516915 . _:b666208624 "(forall (x t) (if (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (bearerOfAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [060-002] " . _:b663520353 . _:b666238061 . _:b665797981 . _:b663516812 . _:b663520354 . _:b666238062 . . _:b665797982 . _:b663516813 . _:b663520355 . _:b666238063 . _:b665797983 . _:b663516814 . _:b663520380 . _:b666238056 . _:b665797976 . _:b663516815 . _:b663520381 . _:b666238057 . _:b665797977 . _:b663516808 . _:b666208590 "(forall (x t) (if (and (IndependentContinuant x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (Entity y) (specificallyDependsOnAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [018-002] " . _:b663520382 . _:b666238058 . _:b665797978 . _:b663516809 . _:b663520383 . _:b666238059 . _:b665797979 . _:b663516810 . _:b663913943 . _:b663520376 . _:b666238052 . _:b665797972 . _:b663516811 . _:b663520377 . _:b666238053 . _:b665797973 . _:b663516804 . _:b665798088 . _:b663520378 . _:b666238054 . _:b665797974 . _:b663516805 . _:b663913938 . _:b663520379 . _:b666238055 . _:b663913592 . _:b665797975 . _:b663516806 . _:b663520372 . _:b666238048 . _:b665861268 "A function is a disposition that exists in virtue of the bearer\u2019s physical make-up and this physical make-up is something the bearer possesses because it came into being, either through evolution (in the case of natural biological entities) or through intentional design (in the case of artifacts), in order to realize processes of a certain sort. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [064-001])"@en . _:b665797968 . _:b663516807 . _:b663520373 . _:b666239179 . _:b666238049 . _:b663913594 . _:b665797969 . _:b663516800 . _:b663913933 . _:b663520374 . _:b666239180 . _:b666238050 . _:b665797970 . _:b663516801 . _:b663520375 . _:b666238051 . _:b665797971 . _:b663516802 . _:b663520368 . _:b666238076 . _:b663913597 . _:b665797996 . _:b663516803 . _:b663913928 . _:b663520369 . _:b666238077 . _:b665797997 . _:b663516828 . _:b663520370 . _:b666238078 . _:b665797998 . _:b663516829 . _:b663520371 . _:b666238079 . _:b665797999 . _:b665797785 "(iff (SpecificallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (forall (t) (if (existsAt a t) (exists (b) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (not (SpatialRegion b)) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [050-003] " . _:b663516830 . _:b663520268 . _:b666238072 . _:b665797992 . _:b663516831 . _:b663515799 "A material entity is an independent continuant that has some portion of matter as proper or improper continuant part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [019-002])"@en . _:b663520269 . _:b666238073 . _:b665797993 . _:b663516824 . _:b663516824 "UMLS:C0020885"^^ . _:b666238074 . _:b663520270 . _:b665797994 . _:b663516825 . _:b663520271 . _:b666238075 . _:b665797995 . _:b663516826 . _:b663520264 . _:b666238068 . _:b663913589 . _:b665797988 . _:b663516827 . _:b663520265 . _:b666238069 . _:b665797989 . _:b663516820 . _:b663520266 . _:b666238070 . _:b665797990 . _:b663516821 . _:b665862286 "upper intestine"^^ . _:b663520267 . _:b666238071 . _:b665797991 . _:b663516822 . _:b663520260 . _:b666238064 . _:b665797984 . _:b665798678 . _:b663516823 . _:b663520261 . _:b666238065 . _:b665797985 . _:b663516816 . _:b663520262 . _:b666238066 . _:b665797986 . _:b663516817 . _:b665798677 . _:b663520263 . _:b666238067 . _:b665797987 . _:b663516818 . _:b663520256 . _:b666237964 . _:b665798012 . _:b663516819 . _:b663520257 . _:b666237965 . _:b665798013 . _:b663516844 . _:b663520258 . _:b666237966 . _:b665798014 . _:b663516845 . _:b663520259 . _:b666237967 . _:b665798015 . _:b663516846 . _:b663520284 . _:b666237960 . _:b665798008 . _:b663516847 . _:b665798687 . _:b663520285 . _:b666237961 . _:b663913538 . _:b665798009 . _:b663516840 . _:b663520286 . _:b666237962 . _:b663913539 . _:b665798010 . _:b663516841 . _:b663520287 . _:b666237963 . _:b665798011 . _:b663516842 . _:b663520280 . _:b666237956 . _:b665798004 . _:b663516843 . _:b663520281 . _:b666237957 . _:b665798005 . _:b663516836 . _:b665860728 "ISBN:0-683-40008-8"^^ . _:b666237958 . _:b663520282 . _:b665798006 . _:b663516837 . _:b665798059 . _:b663520283 . _:b666237959 . _:b665798007 . _:b663516838 . _:b665798758 . _:b663520276 . _:b666237952 . _:b665798000 . _:b663516839 . _:b663520277 . _:b666237953 . _:b665798001 . _:b665798759 . _:b663516832 . _:b663520278 . _:b666237954 . _:b665798002 . _:b663516833 . _:b663520279 . _:b666237955 . _:b665798942 . _:b665798003 . _:b663516834 . _:b663520272 . _:b666237980 . _:b665797900 . _:b663516835 . _:b663520273 . _:b666237981 . . _:b665797901 . _:b663516860 . _:b663520274 . _:b666237982 . _:b665798939 . _:b665797902 . _:b663516861 . _:b663520275 . _:b666237983 . _:b665797903 . _:b663516862 . _:b663520300 . _:b666237976 . _:b665798766 . _:b665797896 . _:b663516863 . _:b663520301 . _:b666237977 . _:b665798767 . _:b665797897 . _:b666239144 "ncithesaurus:Colon"^^ . _:b663516856 . _:b665798743 . _:b663520302 . _:b666237978 . _:b665797898 . _:b663516857 . _:b665798765 . _:b663520303 . _:b666237979 . _:b665797899 . _:b663516858 . _:b663520296 . _:b666237972 . _:b665797892 . _:b663516859 . _:b663520297 . _:b666237973 . _:b665797893 . _:b663516852 . _:b663520298 . _:b666237974 . _:b666208788 . _:b665797894 . _:b663516853 . _:b663520299 . _:b666237975 . _:b666208789 . _:b665797895 . _:b663516854 . _:b663520292 . _:b666237968 . _:b665797888 . _:b663516855 . _:b666238961 . _:b663520293 . _:b666237969 . _:b665797889 . _:b663516848 . _:b663520294 . _:b666237970 . _:b665797890 . _:b665798772 . _:b663516849 . _:b665798079 . _:b663520295 . _:b666237971 . _:b665797891 . _:b665798773 . _:b663516850 . _:b665798745 . _:b665797775 "(forall (x t) (if (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (bearerOfAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [060-002] " . _:b663520288 . _:b666237996 . _:b665797916 . _:b665798770 . _:b663516851 . _:b665798744 . _:b663520289 . _:b666237997 . _:b665797917 . _:b665798771 . _:b663516748 . _:b665798747 . _:b663520290 . _:b666237998 . _:b665797918 . _:b665805753 . _:b663516749 . _:b665798746 . _:b663520291 . _:b666237999 . _:b665797919 . _:b663516750 . _:b663520316 . _:b666237992 . _:b665797912 . _:b663516751 . _:b665798069 . _:b665798783 . _:b663520317 . _:b666237993 . _:b663913676 . _:b665797913 . _:b663516744 . _:b666238950 . _:b666208779 . _:b663516719 "VHOG:0000408"^^ . _:b663520318 . _:b666237994 . _:b665797914 . _:b663516745 . _:b666209737 . _:b663520319 . _:b666237995 . _:b665797915 . _:b663516746 . _:b663520312 . _:b666237988 . _:b665797908 . _:b663516747 . _:b665806414 "intestinum tenue"^^ . _:b666238978 "1"^^ . _:b663520313 . _:b666237989 . _:b665797909 . _:b663516740 . _:b665806415 "intestinum tenue"^^ . _:b663520314 . _:b666237990 . _:b665797910 . _:b665798527 . _:b663516741 . _:b663520315 . _:b666237991 . _:b665797911 . _:b665798526 . _:b665798145 "subdivision of alimentary system"^^ . _:b666238944 . _:b663516742 . _:b666238977 "1"^^ . _:b663520308 . _:b666237984 . _:b665797904 . _:b666238945 . _:b666238864 "A spatiotemporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of spacetime. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [095-001])"@en . _:b665798525 . _:b663913284 "An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects " . _:b663516743 . _:b663520309 . _:b666237985 . _:b665797905 . _:b663913285 "An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects " . _:b663516736 . _:b666238956 . _:b663520310 . _:b666237986 . _:b665797906 . _:b663516737 . _:b665862273 "ncithesaurus:Small_Intestine"^^ . _:b663520311 . _:b666237987 . _:b665797907 . _:b663516738 . _:b665798030 . _:b663520304 . _:b666238012 . _:b665797932 . _:b663516739 . _:b663520305 . _:b666238013 . _:b665797933 . _:b666238954 . _:b663516764 . _:b663520306 . _:b666238014 . _:b665797934 . _:b663516765 . _:b663520307 . _:b666238955 . _:b666238015 . _:b665797935 . _:b663516766 . _:b665798734 . _:b663516486 "(forall (x y) (if (and (TemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (TemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [101-001] " . _:b666238008 . _:b665797928 . _:b663516767 . _:b666238953 . _:b666238009 . _:b665797929 . _:b665798735 . _:b663516760 . _:b666238010 . _:b665797930 . _:b663516761 . _:b666238011 . _:b665797931 . _:b663516762 . _:b666238004 . _:b665797924 . _:b663516763 . _:b663520113 . _:b666238005 . _:b665797925 . _:b663516756 . _:b666208884 . _:b666238006 . _:b665797926 . _:b663516757 . _:b663913527 "The posterior intestine has short longitudinally arranged epithelial folds which are similar to the colon of higher vertebrates. Wallace et al, 2005.[TAO]"^^ . _:b666238007 . _:b665797927 . _:b663516758 . _:b666208885 . _:b665797825 "(forall (x y) (if (processProfileOf x y) (and (properContinuantPartOf x y) (exists (z t) (and (properOccurrentPartOf z y) (TemporalRegion t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion y t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion z t) (not (exists (w) (and (occurrentPartOf w x) (occurrentPartOf w z))))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [094-005] " . _:b666238000 . _:b665797920 . _:b663516759 . _:b666238001 . _:b665797921 . _:b663516752 . _:b666238002 . _:b665797922 . _:b663913306 "every entity of which a material entity is continuant part is also a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [021-002])"@en . _:b663516753 . _:b666238003 . _:b666239267 . _:b665797923 . _:b663516754 . _:b665862688 "An occurrent is an entity that unfolds itself in time or it is the instantaneous boundary of such an entity (for example a beginning or an ending) or it is a temporal or spatiotemporal region which such an entity occupies_temporal_region or occupies_spatiotemporal_region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [077-002])"@en . _:b666238924 . _:b665797948 . _:b665806131 "(forall (x) (if (Quality x) (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [055-001] " . _:b663516755 . _:b666208883 . _:b666238925 . _:b665797949 . _:b663516780 . _:b666238926 . _:b665797950 . _:b665798736 . _:b663516781 . _:b663520143 . _:b666238927 . _:b663914061 "b is a process_profile =Def. there is some process c such that b process_profile_of c (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [093-002])"@en . _:b666209520 . _:b665797951 . _:b663516782 . _:b666238920 . _:b665797944 . _:b663516783 . _:b666238921 . _:b665797945 . _:b663516776 . _:b663516024 . _:b666238922 . _:b665797946 . _:b663516777 . _:b663516023 . _:b665862946 . _:b666238923 . _:b665797947 . _:b663516778 . _:b663516022 . _:b666238916 . _:b665797940 . _:b663516779 . _:b663516021 . _:b665798747 . _:b666238917 . _:b665797941 . _:b663516772 . _:b663516020 . _:b666238918 . _:b665797942 . _:b663516773 . _:b666238919 . _:b665797943 . _:b663516774 . _:b663516018 . _:b666238912 . _:b665797936 . _:b663516775 . _:b663516017 . _:b666238913 . _:b665797937 . _:b663516768 . _:b666208584 "(forall (x) (if (Occurrent x) (exists (r) (and (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x r))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [108-001] " . _:b666238914 . _:b665797938 . _:b666208867 . _:b663516769 . _:b666238915 . _:b665797939 . _:b663516770 . _:b666238940 . _:b665797836 . _:b663516771 . _:b666239116 . _:b666238941 . _:b665797837 . _:b663516796 . _:b666208860 . _:b666238942 . _:b665797838 . _:b663516797 . _:b666238943 . _:b665797839 . _:b666238344 . _:b663516798 . _:b666238936 . _:b665797832 . _:b663516799 . _:b666238937 . _:b665797833 . _:b663516792 . _:b666238938 . _:b665797834 . _:b663516793 . _:b666238939 . _:b665797835 . _:b665797743 "Spatial region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the union of a spatial point and a spatial line that doesn't overlap the point, or two spatial lines that intersect at a single point. In both cases the resultant spatial region is neither 0-dimensional, 1-dimensional, 2-dimensional, or 3-dimensional."@en . _:b663516794 . _:b665805614 "the terminal portion of the intestinal tube, terminating with the anus"^^ . _:b666238932 . _:b665797828 . _:b663516795 . _:b666238933 . _:b665797829 . _:b663516788 . _:b666238934 . _:b665797830 . _:b663516789 . _:b666239110 . _:b665863174 . _:b666238935 . _:b665797831 . _:b665805311 "100.0"^^ . _:b665863175 . _:b665863172 . _:b663516790 . _:b665863173 . _:b665860798 "MGI:monikat"^^ . _:b665863170 . _:b666238928 . _:b665797824 . _:b665863171 . _:b665863168 . _:b663516791 . _:b665863169 . _:b666238929 . _:b663913476 . _:b665797825 . _:b663516784 . _:b666239237 . _:b663913212 . _:b666238930 . _:b665797826 . _:b665805306 "100.0"^^ . _:b663516785 . _:b663913211 . _:b666238931 . _:b665797827 . _:b663516786 . _:b663913214 . _:b666238956 . _:b665797852 . _:b663516787 . _:b666208848 . _:b666208849 . _:b666238957 . _:b665797853 . _:b663516684 . _:b665863046 "VHOG:0000647"^^ . _:b666238958 . _:b665797854 . _:b663913540 . _:b663516685 . _:b666238959 . _:b663515928 . _:b666238376 "EHDAA2"^^ . _:b665806369 "ncithesaurus:Cecum"^^ . _:b665797855 . _:b663516686 . _:b666238952 . _:b665797848 . _:b663516687 . _:b666239325 . _:b665798005 . _:b663913213 . _:b666239166 "2"^^ . _:b666238953 . _:b666208847 . _:b665797849 . _:b665805301 "100.0"^^ . _:b663516680 . _:b666239324 . _:b665862979 . _:b666238954 . _:b665797850 . _:b663516681 . _:b665862978 . _:b666239154 . _:b666238955 . _:b663515924 . _:b665805794 . _:b665797851 . _:b663516682 . _:b666238948 . _:b663515925 . _:b665805296 "100.0"^^ . _:b665797844 . _:b663516683 . _:b665797820 "(iff (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ImmaterialEntity a) (exists (b) (and (or (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b)) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))) (not (exists (c t) (and (SpatialRegion c) (continuantPartOfAt c a t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [029-001] " . _:b666239320 . _:b665798006 _:b665798007 . _:b666238949 . _:b663515926 . _:b665797845 . _:b663516676 . _:b666239321 . _:b666238950 . _:b663515927 . _:b665797846 . _:b663516677 . _:b666238951 . _:b666239323 . _:b665797847 . _:b666208836 . _:b663516678 . _:b666238944 . _:b665797840 . _:b666239322 . _:b663516679 . _:b663520248 "VHOG:0001559"^^ . _:b666238945 . _:b665797841 . _:b663516672 . _:b666208835 . _:b666238946 . _:b665797842 . _:b665805518 . _:b663516673 . _:b663516479 . _:b666238947 . _:b665797843 . _:b663516674 . _:b663516478 . _:b666238972 . _:b666208834 . _:b665797868 . _:b663516675 . _:b663516477 . _:b666238973 . _:b665797869 . _:b663516700 . _:b663516476 . _:b666238974 . _:b665797870 . _:b663516701 . _:b666238975 . _:b665797871 . _:b663516702 . _:b665798008 _:b665798009 . _:b665797799 "b is a site means: b is a three-dimensional immaterial entity that is (partially or wholly) bounded by a material entity or it is a three-dimensional immaterial part thereof. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [034-002])"@en . _:b663521164 . _:b666238968 . _:b665797864 . _:b663516703 . _:b663521165 . _:b666238969 . _:b665797865 . _:b663516694 . _:b663516696 . _:b663521166 . _:b666238970 . _:b665797866 . _:b663516697 . _:b663521167 . _:b666238971 . _:b665797867 . _:b663516698 . _:b663521160 . _:b666238964 . _:b665797860 . _:b663516699 . _:b663520212 . _:b666238965 . _:b663521161 . _:b665797861 . _:b663516692 . _:b663521162 . _:b666238966 . _:b665797862 . _:b663516693 . _:b663521163 . _:b666238967 . _:b665797863 . _:b665860788 . _:b663516694 . _:b663521156 . _:b666238960 . _:b665797856 . _:b665798015 _:b665798016 . _:b663516695 . _:b663521157 . _:b666238961 . _:b665797857 . _:b663516688 . _:b663521158 . _:b666238962 . _:b665797858 . _:b663516689 . _:b663521159 . _:b666238963 . _:b665797859 . _:b663516690 . _:b665797982 . _:b663521152 . _:b666238860 . _:b665797884 . _:b663516691 . _:b665863020 . _:b663521153 . _:b666238861 . _:b665797885 . _:b663516716 . _:b665798081 "The first two fifth of the small intestine beyond the duodenum. It extends from the end of the duodenum to the ileum. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663521154 . _:b666238862 . _:b663519898 . _:b665797886 . _:b663516717 . _:b663521155 . _:b666238863 . _:b665797887 . _:b663516718 . _:b663521180 . _:b666238856 . _:b665797880 . _:b663516719 . _:b663521181 . _:b666238857 . _:b665797881 . _:b663516712 . _:b666208939 . _:b663521182 . _:b666238858 . _:b663913463 . _:b663520646 . _:b665797882 . _:b663516713 . _:b666209346 "Every temporal region t is such that t occupies_temporal_region t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [119-002])"@en . _:b663520218 . _:b666238859 . _:b663521183 . _:b665797883 . _:b663516714 . _:b663521176 . _:b666238852 . _:b665797876 . _:b663516715 . _:b665798859 . _:b663521177 . _:b666238853 . _:b665797877 . _:b663516708 . _:b665797928 . _:b663521178 . _:b666238854 . _:b665797878 . _:b663516709 . _:b663521179 . _:b666238855 . _:b663914317 "cjm"^^ . _:b665797879 . _:b663516710 . _:b665798862 . _:b663521172 . _:b666238848 . _:b665797872 . _:b663516711 . _:b663521173 . _:b666238849 . _:b665797873 . _:b663516704 . _:b663521174 . _:b666238850 . _:b665797874 . _:b663516705 . _:b663521175 . _:b666238851 . _:b665797875 . _:b663516706 . _:b663521168 . _:b666238876 . _:b666208930 . _:b665797772 . _:b663516707 . _:b663521169 . _:b666238877 . _:b663913466 . _:b665797773 . _:b663516732 . _:b666208666 "(forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [020-002] " . _:b663521170 . _:b666238878 . _:b665797774 . _:b663516733 . _:b663521171 . _:b666238879 . _:b665797775 . _:b663516734 . _:b666238872 . _:b665797768 . _:b663516735 . _:b666238873 . _:b665797769 . _:b666208922 . _:b663516728 . _:b666208920 . _:b666238874 . _:b665797770 . _:b665862804 . _:b663516729 . _:b666238875 . _:b665797771 . _:b663516730 . _:b663521192 . _:b666238868 . _:b665797764 . _:b666208921 . _:b663516731 . _:b663521193 . _:b666238869 . _:b663914307 "cjm"^^ . _:b665797765 . _:b663516724 . _:b666238870 . _:b665797766 . _:b666238931 "b process_profile_of c holds when b proper_occurrent_part_of c& there is some proper_occurrent_part d of c which has no parts in common with b & is mutually dependent on b& is such that b, c and d occupy the same temporal region (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [094-005])"@en . _:b663516725 . _:b666238871 . _:b665797767 . _:b666239174 . _:b663516726 . _:b663521188 . _:b666238864 . _:b665797760 . _:b663516727 . _:b663521189 . _:b666238865 . _:b665797761 . _:b663516720 . _:b663521190 . _:b666238866 . _:b663516480 . _:b665797762 . _:b663516721 . _:b663521191 . _:b666238867 . _:b665797763 . _:b663516722 . _:b665805604 "esophagus NOT part of gut in MA. part of gut in ZFA. part_of gut (via UGIT) in FMA. Consider splitting. Interspecies: The human oesophagus is 25 cm long and has a diameter of ca. 2 cm. Only little information was found on the oesophagus in rat, rabbit and pig. The oesophagus of rat (75 x 2 mm) and rabbit has no mucous glands and the cardia of the stomach has a well-developed sphincter, which prevents them from vomiting (Hebel and Stromberg, 1988; Manning et al., 1994). Morphologically the oesophagus is similar in man and pig; both are omnivores and have a non-keratinised epithelium, submucous glands and similar membrane enzymes. Like in humans, pigs can suffer from reflux oesophagitis and stress ulceration of the oesophagus. The pig oesophagus may therefore be a good model for investigation compared to the human oesophagus (Christie et al., 1995)"^^ . _:b663521184 . _:b666238892 . _:b665797788 . _:b666208838 "BTO:0001307"^^ . _:b663516723 . _:b665797937 . _:b663521185 . _:b666238893 . _:b665797789 . _:b666208911 . _:b663521186 . _:b666238894 . _:b665797790 . _:b663521187 . _:b666238895 . _:b665797791 . _:b665798808 "VHOG:0000055"^^ . _:b666208910 . _:b666238888 . _:b665797784 . _:b666238889 . _:b665797827 "b is a relational quality = Def. for some independent continuants c, d and for some time t: b quality_of c at t & b quality_of d at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [057-001])"@en . _:b665797785 . _:b663914326 "cjm"^^ . _:b666238890 . _:b665797786 . _:b666238891 . _:b665797787 . _:b666238884 . _:b665797780 . _:b665798031 _:b665798032 . _:b666238885 . _:b665797781 . _:b666238886 . _:b665797782 . _:b666238887 . _:b665797783 . _:b666238880 . _:b665797776 . _:b666209675 "MP:0004002"^^ . _:b666238881 . _:b666239207 . _:b665797777 . _:b666238882 . _:b665797778 . _:b666238883 . _:b665797779 . _:b666238908 . _:b666239204 . _:b665797804 . _:b666238909 . _:b665797805 . _:b666238910 . _:b665797806 . _:b666238911 . _:b665797807 . _:b666239315 . _:b663521100 . _:b666238904 . _:b665797800 . _:b663521101 . _:b666238905 . _:b665797801 . _:b663521102 . _:b666238906 . _:b665797802 . _:b666239212 . _:b663521103 . _:b666238907 . _:b665797803 . _:b663521096 . _:b666238900 . _:b666209594 "VHOG:0000450"^^ . _:b665797796 . _:b666239310 . _:b663521097 . _:b666238901 . _:b666209021 . _:b665862059 "url:http://www2.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/mwmednlm?book=Medical&va=anatomic" . _:b665797797 . _:b663521098 . _:b666238902 . _:b663520160 "BTO:0000706"^^ . _:b665797798 . _:b663521099 . _:b666238903 . _:b665797799 . _:b666239209 . _:b663521092 . _:b666238896 . _:b665797792 . _:b663913353 . _:b663521093 . _:b666238897 . _:b665797793 . _:b663913504 "ncithesaurus:Rectum"^^ . _:b663521094 . _:b666238898 . _:b665797794 . _:b663516002 _:b663516003 . _:b663521095 . _:b666238899 . _:b665797795 . _:b663521088 . _:b666238796 . _:b665797820 . _:b663521089 . _:b666238797 . _:b665797821 . _:b665862731 "(forall (x t) (if (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (bearerOfAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [060-002] " . _:b663521090 . _:b666238798 . _:b665797822 . _:b663521091 . _:b666238799 . _:b665797823 . _:b663521116 . _:b666238792 . _:b665797816 . _:b663521117 . _:b666238793 . _:b665797817 . _:b665805564 . _:b666238794 . _:b663521118 . _:b665797818 . _:b663521119 . _:b666238795 . _:b665797819 . _:b665861948 "For any independent continuant b and any time t there is some spatial region r such that b is located_in r at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [134-001])"@en . _:b663521112 . _:b666238788 . _:b665797812 . _:b663521113 . _:b666238789 . _:b665797813 . . _:b663521114 . _:b666238790 . _:b665797814 . _:b663521115 . _:b666239188 "The first two fifth of the small intestine beyond the duodenum. It extends from the end of the duodenum to the ileum. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b666238791 . _:b665797815 . _:b663521108 . _:b666238784 . _:b665797808 . _:b663521109 . _:b666238785 . _:b665797809 . _:b663914237 "The few structural specializations in (adult lampreys) pharynx include complex valves on the external gill openings that direct the tidal flow, and the division of the ancestral pharynx into an oesophagus and a respiratory pharynx.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663521110 . _:b666238786 . _:b665797810 . _:b663521111 . _:b666238787 . _:b665797811 . _:b666209481 . _:b663521104 . _:b666238812 . _:b665797708 . _:b663521105 . _:b666238813 . _:b665797709 . _:b666238976 . _:b663521106 . _:b666238814 . _:b665797710 . _:b663913293 . _:b665860653 . _:b663516018 _:b663516019 . _:b663521107 . _:b666238815 . _:b665797711 . _:b663914250 "UMLS:C0034896"^^ . _:b665860806 "3"^^ . _:b663521132 . _:b666238808 . _:b665797704 . _:b663521133 . _:b666238809 . _:b665797705 . _:b663914308 "The first part of the small intestine. At the junction of the stomach and the duodenum the alimentary canal is inflected. The duodenum first goes anteriorly for a short distance, turns dorsally, and eventually caudally, thus it is a U-shaped structure with two horizontal sections (a ventral and a dorsal one)."^^ . _:b663521134 . _:b666238810 . _:b665797706 . _:b665806122 "(forall (x) (if (Disposition x) (and (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (bearerOfAt x y t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [062-002] " . _:b663521135 . _:b666238811 . _:b665797707 . _:b663521128 . _:b666238804 . _:b665797700 . _:b663521129 . _:b666238805 . _:b663914243 "cjm"^^ . _:b665797701 . _:b663521130 . _:b666238806 . _:b665797702 . _:b665806070 . _:b663521131 . _:b666238807 . _:b665797703 . _:b663521124 . _:b666238800 . _:b663914268 "cjm"^^ . _:b665797696 . _:b665861247 . _:b663521125 . _:b666238801 . _:b665797697 . _:b665806069 . _:b663521126 . _:b666238802 . _:b665797698 . _:b663521127 . _:b666238803 . _:b665797699 . _:b663521120 . _:b666238828 . _:b665797724 . _:b665805332 "(forall (x) (if (Continuant x) (Entity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [008-002] " . _:b663521121 . _:b666238829 . _:b665797725 . _:b663521122 . _:b666238830 . _:b665797726 . _:b665798509 "(forall (x t) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (SpatialRegion y) (spatiallyProjectsOntoAt x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [099-001] " . _:b663521123 . _:b666238831 . _:b665797727 . _:b663521148 . _:b666238824 . _:b665797720 . _:b663521149 . _:b666238825 . _:b665797721 . _:b663521150 . _:b666238826 . _:b665797722 . _:b663521151 . _:b666238827 . _:b663516849 . _:b665797723 . _:b663521144 . _:b666238820 . _:b665797716 . _:b665860476 . _:b666238841 "b is an occurrent entity iff b is an entity that has temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [079-001])"@en . _:b663521145 . _:b666238821 . _:b665797717 . _:b665860477 . _:b663521146 . _:b666238822 . _:b665797718 . _:b665860478 . _:b663521147 . _:b666238823 . _:b665797719 . _:b665860479 . _:b663521140 . _:b666238816 . _:b665797712 . _:b665860472 . _:b663521141 . _:b666238817 . _:b665797713 . _:b665860473 . _:b663521142 . _:b666238818 . _:b665797714 . _:b665860474 . _:b663521143 . _:b666238819 . _:b665797715 . _:b665860475 . _:b663521136 . _:b666238844 . _:b665797740 . _:b665860468 . _:b663521137 . _:b666238845 . _:b665797741 . _:b665860469 . _:b666209314 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b663521138 . _:b666238846 . _:b665797742 . _:b665860470 . _:b663521139 . _:b666238847 . _:b665797743 . _:b663515993 _:b663515994 . _:b665860471 . _:b663521036 . _:b666239112 "4"^^ . _:b666238840 . _:b663515995 _:b663515996 . _:b663516846 . _:b665797736 . _:b665860464 . _:b666209325 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b663521037 . _:b666238841 . _:b665797737 . _:b665860465 . _:b663521038 . _:b666238842 . _:b665797738 . _:b665860466 . _:b663521039 . _:b666238843 . _:b665797739 . _:b663516673 "The tract of the alimentary canal. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665860467 . _:b663521032 . _:b666238836 . _:b665797732 . _:b665860460 . _:b663521033 . _:b666238837 . _:b665797733 . _:b665860461 . _:b666208846 "Tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach. In mammals, the oesophagus connects the buccal cavity with the stomach. The stratified squamous non-keratinised epithelium lining the buccal cavity is continued through the pharynx down into the oesophagus. The lowest part of the oesophagus (ca. 2 cm) is lined with gastric mucosa and covered by peritoneum. The main body of the oesophagus is lined with small, simple mucous glands. Each gland opens into the lumen by a long duct which pierces the muscularis mucosae (Wilson and Washington, 1989). A sphincter is situated at the point where the oesophagus enters the stomach to prevent gastro-oesophageal reflux, i.e. to prevent acidic gastric contents from reaching stratified epithelia of the oesophagus, where they can cause inflammation and irritation (Wilson and Washington, 1989; Brown et al., 1993)."^^ . _:b663521034 . _:b666238838 . _:b665797734 . _:b665860462 . _:b663521035 . _:b666238839 . _:b665797735 . _:b665860463 . _:b663521028 . _:b666238832 . _:b665797728 . _:b665860456 . _:b663521029 . _:b666238833 . _:b665797729 . _:b665860457 . _:b663521030 . _:b666238834 . _:b665797730 . _:b665860458 . _:b663521031 . _:b666238835 . _:b663914297 "cjm"^^ . _:b665797731 . _:b665860459 . _:b663521024 . _:b666238732 . _:b665797756 . _:b665860452 . _:b663521025 . _:b666238733 . _:b665797757 . _:b665860453 . _:b665805695 "ncithesaurus:Ileum"^^ . _:b663521026 . _:b666238734 . _:b665797758 . _:b665860454 . _:b663521027 . _:b666238735 . _:b665797759 . _:b663913701 . _:b665806234 . _:b665860455 . _:b663521052 . _:b666238728 . _:b665797752 . _:b665860448 . _:b663914457 . _:b663521053 . _:b666238729 . _:b665797753 . _:b665860449 . _:b663521054 . _:b666238730 . _:b665797754 . _:b665860450 . _:b665860787 "3"^^ . _:b666209343 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b663521055 . _:b666238731 . _:b665797755 . _:b665860451 . _:b663521048 . _:b666238724 . _:b666209468 . _:b665797748 . _:b666209607 "ncithesaurus:Rectum"^^ . _:b663913698 . _:b665860444 . _:b665860797 "3"^^ . _:b663521049 . _:b666238725 . _:b665797749 . _:b665860445 . _:b666209338 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b663521050 . _:b666238726 . _:b665797750 . _:b665860446 . _:b663521051 . _:b666238727 . _:b665797751 . _:b665860447 . _:b663521044 . _:b666238720 . _:b665797744 . _:b665860440 . _:b665797752 "(forall (r) (if (TemporalRegion r) (occupiesTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [119-002] " . _:b666238721 . _:b663521045 . _:b665797745 . _:b665860441 . _:b663521046 . _:b666238722 . _:b665797746 . _:b665860442 . _:b663521047 . _:b666238723 . _:b663515745 "All parts of spatiotemporal regions are spatiotemporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [096-001])"@en . _:b665797747 . _:b665860443 . _:b663521040 . _:b666238748 . _:b665797644 . _:b663521041 . _:b666238749 . _:b665797645 . _:b663516484 . _:b665860437 . _:b663521042 . _:b666238750 . _:b665797646 . _:b663516485 . _:b665860438 . _:b663521043 . _:b666238751 . _:b665797647 . _:b663516486 . _:b665860439 . _:b663516466 . _:b663521068 . _:b666238744 . _:b665797640 . _:b663516487 . _:b663516467 . _:b663521069 . _:b666238745 . _:b665797641 . _:b666238198 . _:b663521070 . _:b666238746 . _:b665797642 . _:b666238199 . _:b663516481 . _:b663521071 . _:b666238747 . _:b665797643 . _:b663516482 . . _:b663521064 . _:b666238740 . _:b665797636 . _:b663516483 . _:b663516471 . _:b663521065 . _:b666238741 . _:b665797637 . _:b663516472 . _:b665860748 "3"^^ . _:b663521066 . _:b666238742 . _:b665797638 . _:b663521067 . _:b666238743 . _:b666209633 . _:b665797639 . _:b663521060 . _:b666238736 . _:b665797632 . _:b663521061 . _:b666238737 . _:b665797633 . _:b663516504 "(forall (x t) (if (and (RealizableEntity x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (specificallyDepends x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [063-002] " . _:b663521062 . _:b666238738 . _:b665797634 . _:b666238207 . _:b663521063 . _:b666238739 . _:b665797635 . _:b663516478 . _:b666238204 . _:b663521056 . _:b666238764 . _:b665797660 . _:b663521057 . _:b666238765 . . _:b665797661 . _:b663521058 . _:b666238766 . _:b665797662 . _:b666208586 "b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002])"@en . _:b663521059 . _:b666238767 . _:b663516059 "In fish, the divisions of the small intestine are not as clear, and the terms anterior intestine or proximal intestine may be used instead of duodenum."^^ . _:b665797663 . _:b665806411 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b663521084 . _:b666238760 . _:b666209621 "intestinum caecum"^^ . _:b665797656 . _:b665862976 "caecum"^^ . _:b663521085 . _:b666238761 . _:b665797657 . _:b663521086 . _:b666238762 . _:b665797658 . _:b663521087 . _:b666238763 . _:b665797659 . _:b665861402 "GOC:GO"^^ . _:b663521080 . _:b666238756 . _:b665797652 . _:b665860540 . _:b663521081 . _:b666238757 . _:b665797653 . _:b666239099 . _:b663520008 "If an entity is a quality at any time that it exists, then it is a quality at every time that it exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [105-001])"@en . _:b663516456 . _:b665860541 . _:b663521082 . _:b666238758 . _:b665797654 . _:b665860542 . _:b663516457 . _:b663521083 . _:b666238759 . _:b665797655 . _:b665860543 . _:b663516458 . _:b663521076 . _:b666238752 . _:b666208773 . _:b665798073 "In humans, the duodenum is a hollow jointed tube about 10-15 inches (25-38 centimetres) long connecting the stomach to the jejunum. It begins with the duodenal bulb and ends at the ligament of Treitz."^^ . _:b665797648 . _:b665860536 . _:b663521077 . _:b666238753 . _:b665797649 . _:b665860537 . _:b663521078 . _:b666238754 . _:b665797650 . _:b665860538 . _:b663521079 . _:b666238755 . _:b665797651 . _:b665860539 . _:b663521072 . _:b666238780 . _:b665797676 . _:b665860532 . _:b666209650 . _:b663521073 . _:b666238781 . _:b665797677 . _:b665860533 . _:b663516455 . _:b663521074 . _:b666238782 . _:b665797678 . _:b665860534 . _:b663516454 . _:b666209379 "per discussion with Barry Smith" . _:b663521075 . _:b666238783 . _:b665797679 . _:b665860535 . _:b663520972 . _:b666238776 . _:b665797672 . _:b665860528 . _:b663515976 "BTO:0001307"^^ . _:b663520973 . _:b666238777 . _:b665797673 . _:b665860529 . _:b663520974 . _:b666238778 . _:b665797674 . _:b665860530 . _:b663520975 . _:b666238779 . _:b665797675 . _:b665860531 . _:b663520968 . _:b666238772 . _:b665797668 . _:b663521011 . _:b665860524 . _:b666209634 . _:b663520969 . _:b666238773 . _:b665797669 . _:b666208695 . _:b663521010 . _:b665860525 . _:b663520970 . _:b666238774 . _:b665805447 "A disease by infectious agent that results_in infection, has_material_basis_in Bacteria." . _:b665797670 . _:b663521009 . _:b665860526 . _:b663516462 . _:b663520971 . _:b666238775 . _:b665797671 . _:b663521008 . _:b665860527 . _:b663516461 . _:b663520964 . _:b666238768 . _:b666209564 . _:b665797664 . _:b663521007 . _:b665860520 . _:b663516460 . _:b663520965 . _:b666238769 . _:b665797665 . _:b665860521 . _:b663516459 . _:b663520966 . _:b666238770 . _:b665797666 . _:b663521005 . _:b665860522 . _:b663516458 . _:b666238141 "If an entity is a quality at any time that it exists, then it is a quality at every time that it exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [105-001])"@en . _:b663520967 . _:b666238771 . _:b665797667 . _:b663521004 . _:b665860523 . _:b663516457 . _:b663520960 . _:b666238668 . _:b665797692 . _:b665860516 . _:b663516456 . _:b663520961 . _:b666238669 . _:b665797693 . _:b665860517 . _:b663520962 . _:b666238670 . _:b665797694 . _:b665860518 . _:b663520963 . _:b666238671 . _:b665797695 . _:b665860519 . _:b663520988 . _:b666238664 . _:b665797688 . _:b665860512 . _:b663520989 . _:b666238665 . _:b665797689 . _:b665860513 . _:b663520990 . _:b666238666 . _:b665797690 . _:b665860514 . _:b663520991 . _:b666238667 . _:b665797691 . _:b665860515 . _:b666238302 "ncithesaurus:Intestine"^^ . _:b663520984 . _:b666238660 . _:b665797684 . _:b665860508 . _:b663520985 . _:b666238661 . _:b665797685 . _:b665860509 . _:b663520986 . _:b666238662 . _:b665797686 . _:b665860510 . _:b663520987 . _:b666238663 . _:b665797687 . _:b665860511 . _:b663520980 . _:b666238656 . _:b665797680 . _:b665860504 . _:b665861976 "(forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (TemporalRegion y) (temporallyProjectsOnto x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [098-001] " . _:b663520981 . _:b666238657 . _:b665797681 . _:b666209557 . _:b665860505 . _:b665798017 "A pouch in the digestive tract that connects the ileum with the ascending colon of the large intestine. It is separated from the ileum by the ileocecal valve, and is the beginning of the large intestine. It is also separated from the colon by the cecocolic junction."^^ . _:b663521067 "intestinum ileum"^^ . _:b663520982 . _:b666238658 . _:b665797682 . _:b665860506 . _:b663520983 . _:b666238659 . _:b665797683 . _:b665860507 . _:b663520976 . _:b666238684 . _:b665798604 . _:b665860500 . _:b663914319 "VHOG:0000053"^^ . _:b663520977 . _:b666238685 . _:b665798605 . _:b665861534 . _:b665860501 . _:b663520978 . _:b666238686 . _:b665798606 . _:b665860502 . _:b663520979 . _:b666238687 . _:b665798607 . _:b665860503 . _:b663521004 . _:b666238680 . _:b665798600 . _:b665860496 . _:b663516059 . _:b663521005 . _:b666238681 . _:b665798601 . _:b665860497 . _:b663516060 . _:b663913386 . _:b666238682 . _:b663521006 . _:b665798602 . _:b665860498 . _:b663521007 . _:b666238683 . _:b665798603 . _:b665860499 . _:b663521000 . _:b666238676 . _:b665861381 . _:b665798596 . _:b665860492 . _:b663520912 . _:b663521001 . _:b666238677 . _:b665798597 . _:b665860493 . _:b663520913 . _:b663521002 . _:b666238678 . _:b665798598 . _:b665860494 . _:b663520914 . _:b663521003 . _:b666238679 . _:b666208761 . _:b665798599 . _:b665805609 "4"^^ . _:b665860495 . _:b663520915 . _:b663520996 . _:b666238672 . _:b665798592 . _:b665860488 . _:b663520997 . _:b666238673 . _:b665798593 . _:b665860489 . _:b663516540 . _:b663520998 . _:b666238674 . _:b666208745 . _:b665798594 . _:b665860490 . _:b663520999 . _:b666238675 . _:b665798595 . _:b665860491 . _:b663520911 . _:b663520992 . _:b666238700 . _:b666238456 . _:b665798620 . _:b665860484 . _:b663520993 . _:b666238701 . _:b665798621 . _:b665860485 . _:b663520994 . _:b666238702 . _:b666209314 "Entity doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example Werner Ceusters 'portions of reality' include 4 sorts, entities (as BFO construes them), universals, configurations, and relations. It is an open question as to whether entities as construed in BFO will at some point also include these other portions of reality. See, for example, 'How to track absolutely everything' at http://www.referent-tracking.com/_RTU/papers/CeustersICbookRevised.pdf"@en . _:b665798622 . _:b665860486 . _:b663516513 . _:b663520995 . _:b666238703 . _:b665798623 . _:b665860487 . _:b663521020 . _:b666238696 . _:b665798616 . _:b665860480 . _:b663521021 . _:b666238697 . _:b665798617 . _:b665860481 . _:b663521022 . _:b666238698 . _:b665798618 . _:b665860482 . _:b663521023 . _:b666238699 . _:b666238449 . _:b665798619 . _:b665860483 . _:b663521016 . _:b666238692 . _:b665798612 . _:b666209587 . _:b663521017 . _:b666238693 . _:b666238451 . _:b665798613 . _:b663521018 . _:b666238694 . _:b666238450 . _:b665798614 . _:b663521019 . _:b666238695 . _:b666238453 . _:b665798615 . _:b663521012 . _:b666238688 . _:b666238452 . _:b665798608 . _:b663521013 . _:b666238689 . _:b666238455 . _:b665798609 . _:b663521014 . _:b666238690 . _:b666238454 . _:b665798610 . _:b665861525 "The terminal region of the mid intestine is comprised of specialized enterocytes that appear to play a role in mucosal immunity. Wallace et al, 2005.[TAO]"^^ . _:b663521015 . _:b666238691 . _:b665798611 . _:b663521008 . _:b666238716 . _:b665798636 . _:b663521009 . _:b666238717 . _:b665798637 . _:b663521007 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b663521010 . _:b666238718 . _:b665798638 . _:b666209573 . _:b663521011 . _:b666238719 . _:b665798639 . _:b663520908 . _:b666238712 . _:b665798632 . _:b666209575 . _:b663520909 . _:b666238713 . _:b665798633 . _:b666209574 . _:b663520910 . _:b666238714 . _:b665798634 . _:b663520911 . _:b666238715 . _:b665798635 . _:b663520904 . _:b666238708 . _:b665798628 . _:b663516503 . _:b666209571 . _:b666209665 "The first part of the small intestine. At the junction of the stomach and the duodenum the alimentary canal is inflected. The duodenum first goes anteriorly for a short distance, turns dorsally, and eventually caudally, thus it is a U-shaped structure with two horizontal sections (a ventral and a dorsal one)."^^ . _:b663520905 . _:b666238709 . _:b665798629 . _:b666209570 . _:b663520906 . _:b666238710 . _:b665798630 . _:b663516664 . _:b663520907 . _:b666238711 . _:b665798631 . _:b663516665 . _:b663520900 . _:b666238704 . _:b665798624 . _:b663516507 . _:b663520901 . _:b666238705 . _:b665798625 . _:b663520902 . _:b666238706 . _:b665798626 . _:b663520903 . _:b666238707 . _:b663515804 "(forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [020-002] " . _:b665798627 . _:b663520896 . _:b666238604 . _:b665798652 . _:b663520897 . _:b666238605 . _:b665798653 . _:b663520898 . _:b666238606 . _:b665798654 . _:b663520899 . _:b666238607 . _:b665798655 . _:b663520924 . _:b666238600 . _:b663913335 . _:b665862271 "2012-08-14"^^ . _:b665798648 . _:b663516483 . _:b666209742 . _:b663520925 . _:b666238601 . _:b665798649 . _:b663516484 . _:b663520926 . _:b666238602 . _:b665798650 . _:b666208929 "MP:0004002"^^ . _:b663520927 . _:b666238603 . _:b665798651 . _:b666209731 . _:b663516661 . _:b663520920 . _:b666238596 . _:b663515734 . _:b665798644 . _:b665860572 . _:b663516662 . _:b663520921 . _:b666238597 . _:b663515733 . _:b665798645 . _:b665806385 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b666239101 . _:b663516663 . _:b666209486 . _:b663520922 . _:b666238598 . _:b663515732 . _:b665798646 . _:b663520923 . _:b666238599 . _:b663515731 . _:b665798647 . _:b663520052 . _:b663520916 . _:b666238592 . _:b663515730 . _:b665798640 . _:b663516491 . _:b663520917 . _:b666238593 . _:b663913551 "cjm"^^ . _:b665798641 . _:b666239074 . _:b663516492 . _:b663520918 . _:b666238594 . _:b665798642 . _:b663516493 . _:b663520919 . _:b666238595 . _:b665798643 . _:b663516494 . _:b666209745 . _:b663520912 . _:b666238620 . _:b665798540 . _:b665860564 . _:b663520026 "(forall (x) (if (ThreeDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [040-001] " . _:b663520049 . _:b663520913 . _:b666238621 . _:b665798541 . _:b665860565 . _:b665861937 "(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (hasContinuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [126-001] " . _:b663520914 . _:b666238622 . _:b663520160 . _:b665798542 . _:b665860566 . _:b663520915 . _:b666238623 . _:b665798543 . _:b665860567 . _:b663520060 . _:b663520940 . _:b666238616 . _:b665798536 . _:b663520059 . _:b663520941 . _:b666238617 . _:b665798537 . _:b665860561 . _:b663520062 . _:b663520942 . _:b666238618 . _:b665798538 . _:b663516566 . _:b663520834 . _:b665798746 "MA"^^ . _:b666238619 . _:b663520943 . _:b665798539 . _:b663516565 . _:b663520936 . _:b666238612 . _:b665798532 . _:b665860556 . _:b663516564 . _:b663520057 . _:b663520937 . _:b666238613 . _:b665798533 . _:b666208920 "VHOG:0000052"^^ . _:b666208661 "A material entity is an independent continuant that has some portion of matter as proper or improper continuant part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [019-002])"@en . _:b663520938 . _:b666239037 "VHOG:0000054"^^ . _:b666238614 . _:b665798534 . _:b663521035 "The terminal region of the mid intestine is comprised of specialized enterocytes that appear to play a role in mucosal immunity. Wallace et al, 2005.[TAO]"^^ . _:b663520169 . _:b663520939 . _:b666238615 . _:b665798535 . _:b665862292 . _:b665797809 "(iff (ProcessBoundary a) (exists (p) (and (Process p) (temporalPartOf a p) (not (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [084-001] " . _:b663520932 . _:b666238608 . _:b665798528 . _:b665862293 . _:b665860552 . _:b663520933 . _:b666238609 . _:b663914114 . _:b665798529 . _:b665862294 . _:b665860553 . _:b663520038 . _:b663520934 . _:b666238610 . _:b665798530 . _:b665862295 . _:b665862245 "2012-08-14"^^ . _:b665860554 . _:b663913561 "cjm"^^ . _:b666238611 . _:b663520872 . _:b663520935 . _:b663913300 "(forall (x) (if (ProcessBoundary x) (exists (y) (and (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion y) (occupiesTemporalRegion x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [085-002] " . _:b665798531 . _:b665860555 . _:b663520032 . _:b663520928 . _:b666238636 . _:b663520644 . _:b665862289 . _:b665798556 . _:b665860548 . _:b663520929 . _:b666238637 . _:b665798557 . _:b665862290 . _:b665860549 . _:b663520930 . _:b666238638 . _:b663520887 . _:b665798558 . _:b665862291 . _:b665860550 . _:b663520931 . _:b666238639 . _:b665798559 . _:b665860551 . _:b663520956 . _:b666238632 . _:b665798552 . _:b665860544 . _:b663520957 . _:b666238633 . _:b665798553 . _:b665860545 . _:b663520958 . _:b666238634 . _:b665798554 . _:b666209770 . _:b665860546 . _:b666239054 . _:b663520959 . _:b666238635 . _:b665798555 . _:b665860547 . _:b663520040 . _:b663520952 . _:b666238628 . _:b665798548 . _:b663520047 . _:b663520953 . _:b666238629 . _:b665798549 . _:b666209769 . _:b663913504 "UMLS:C0034896"^^ . _:b665861248 . _:b663520954 . _:b666238630 . _:b665798550 . _:b666239071 . _:b665861249 . _:b663520955 . _:b666238631 . _:b665798551 . _:b663913580 "cjm"^^ . _:b666238624 . _:b663520948 . _:b665798544 . _:b663520949 . _:b666238625 . _:b665798545 . _:b663520950 . _:b666238626 . _:b665798546 . _:b663520023 . _:b663520951 . _:b666238627 . _:b665798547 . _:b663520016 . _:b663520944 . _:b666238652 . _:b665798572 . _:b663520945 . _:b666238653 . _:b665798573 . _:b663520020 . _:b663520018 . _:b663520946 . _:b666238654 . _:b665798144 . _:b665798574 . _:b663520021 . _:b663520947 . _:b666238655 . _:b665798145 . _:b665798575 . _:b666209515 . _:b663520844 . _:b666238648 . _:b665798568 . _:b665860656 . _:b663520029 . _:b663520845 . _:b666238649 . _:b665798911 . _:b665798569 . _:b665860657 . _:b663520846 . _:b666238650 . _:b665861302 . _:b665798570 . _:b665860658 . _:b663520847 . _:b666238651 . _:b665798571 . _:b665860659 . _:b663520840 . _:b666238644 . _:b665798564 . _:b663516551 . _:b663520025 . _:b663913571 "cjm"^^ . _:b666238645 . _:b665798646 . _:b663520841 . _:b665798565 . _:b663516552 . _:b663520842 . _:b666238646 . _:b665798566 . _:b663516553 . _:b663520027 . _:b663520843 . _:b666238647 . _:b665798567 . _:b665860655 . _:b663520836 . _:b666238640 . _:b665798560 . _:b665860648 . _:b663520005 . _:b663520837 . _:b666238641 . _:b665798561 . _:b665860649 . _:b663520838 . _:b666238642 . _:b665798562 . _:b665860650 . _:b663520007 . _:b663520839 . _:b666238643 . _:b665798563 . _:b663520832 . _:b666238540 . _:b665798588 . _:b663520001 . _:b663520833 . _:b666238541 . _:b665798589 . _:b663520834 . _:b666238542 . _:b665798590 . _:b665860646 . _:b663520835 . _:b666238543 . . _:b665798591 . _:b665860647 . _:b663516546 . _:b663520860 . _:b666238536 . _:b665798584 . _:b663520159 . _:b663516547 . _:b663520861 . _:b666238537 . _:b663520850 . _:b665798585 . _:b663520014 . _:b663520862 . _:b666238538 . _:b666209694 . _:b665798586 . _:b666238215 . _:b663520863 . _:b666238539 . _:b665798587 . _:b663520856 . _:b666238532 . _:b665798580 . _:b663520857 . _:b666238533 . _:b666238209 . _:b665798594 "A disease is a disposition (i) to undergo pathological processes that (ii) exists in an organism because of one or more disorders in that organism." . _:b665798581 . _:b666208578 "(forall (x) (if (Material Entity x) (exists (t) (and (TemporalRegion t) (existsAt x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [011-002] " . _:b665805373 "b is a disposition means: b is a realizable entity & b\u2019s bearer is some material entity & b is such that if it ceases to exist, then its bearer is physically changed, & b\u2019s realization occurs when and because this bearer is in some special physical circumstances, & this realization occurs in virtue of the bearer\u2019s physical make-up. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [062-002])"@en . _:b663520012 . _:b663520858 . _:b666238534 . _:b663520863 . _:b665798582 . _:b663520859 . _:b666238535 . _:b665798583 . _:b666238208 . _:b666238210 . _:b663515833 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campylobacteriosis" . _:b666238528 . _:b663520852 . _:b665798576 . _:b663520853 . _:b666238529 . _:b665798577 . _:b663520854 . _:b666238530 . _:b665798578 . _:b663520229 . _:b663520855 . _:b666238531 . _:b665798579 . _:b663520848 . _:b666238556 . _:b665798476 . _:b663520849 . _:b666238557 . _:b665862018 "(forall (x) (if (ProcessBoundary x) (exists (y) (and (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion y) (occupiesTemporalRegion x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [085-002] " . _:b665798477 . _:b663520850 . _:b666238558 . _:b665798478 . _:b663520851 . _:b666238559 . _:b665798479 . _:b663520876 . _:b666238552 . _:b665798472 . _:b663520877 . _:b666238553 . _:b665798473 . _:b663520878 . _:b666238554 . _:b665798474 . _:b663520879 . _:b666238555 . _:b665798475 . _:b665860904 . _:b663520872 . _:b666238548 . _:b665798468 . _:b663913475 "cjm"^^ . _:b666238549 . _:b663520873 . _:b665798469 . _:b665806371 "cecum"^^ . _:b665860564 "A primary bacterial infectious disease that results_in infection located_in intestine, has_material_basis_in Campylobacter jejuni, which is transmitted_by ingestion of contaminated food or water or transmitted_by contact with infected people or animals. The infection has_symptom diarrhea or has_symptom dysentery, has_symptom abdominal cramps and pain, and has_symptom fever." . _:b663913474 "cjm"^^ . _:b666238550 . _:b663520874 . _:b665798470 . _:b665798671 . _:b663520875 . _:b666238551 . _:b665798471 . _:b663520868 . _:b666238544 . _:b665798464 . _:b663520247 . _:b663520869 . _:b666238545 . _:b665798465 . _:b663520704 "Occurrent doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the sum of a process and the process boundary of another process."@en . _:b666238546 . _:b663520870 . _:b665798466 . _:b663519933 . _:b663913497 "cjm"^^ . _:b666238547 . _:b663520871 . _:b665798467 . . _:b663520864 . _:b666238572 . _:b665798492 . _:b663520865 . _:b666238573 . _:b665798493 . _:b663520240 . _:b663519928 . _:b663913479 . _:b663520866 . _:b666238574 . _:b665798494 . _:b663913478 . _:b663520867 . _:b666238575 . _:b663520241 . _:b665798495 . _:b666209716 . _:b663913477 . _:b663520892 . _:b666238568 . _:b663520254 . _:b665798488 . _:b663913476 . _:b663520893 . _:b666238569 . _:b663520255 . _:b665798489 . _:b663913475 . _:b663520894 . _:b666238570 . _:b663520252 . _:b665798490 . _:b666209454 . _:b663913474 . _:b663520895 . _:b666238571 . _:b663520253 . _:b665798491 . _:b663520888 . _:b666238564 . _:b665798484 . _:b666209715 . _:b663520889 . _:b666238565 . _:b665798485 . _:b665860733 . _:b663520248 . _:b663520890 . _:b666238566 . _:b665798486 . _:b663914113 . _:b663520249 . _:b663520891 . _:b666238567 . _:b665798870 . _:b665798487 . _:b665860735 . _:b663520884 . _:b666238560 . _:b665798480 . _:b665860728 . _:b666209718 . _:b663519923 . _:b663520885 . _:b666238561 . _:b665798481 . _:b665860729 . _:b663520886 . _:b666238562 . _:b665798712 . _:b665798482 . _:b665860730 . _:b663913482 . _:b663520887 . _:b666238563 . _:b665798483 . _:b665860731 . _:b663519918 . _:b663913481 . _:b663520880 . _:b666238588 . _:b665798508 . _:b666208913 . _:b665860724 . _:b663913480 . _:b663520881 . _:b666238589 . _:b666209699 . _:b663913394 . _:b666208912 . _:b665798509 . _:b663520882 . _:b666238590 . _:b665798510 . _:b665860726 . _:b666209724 . _:b663520883 . _:b666238591 . _:b665798511 . _:b666208914 . _:b663520780 . _:b666238584 . _:b665798504 . _:b665861451 "We restrict this to the vertebrate specific structure - see the grouping class 'food storage organ' for analogous structures in other species. Teleosts: Zebrafish is functionally stomach-less, but may retain ontogenic footprint. Although the precise shape and size of the stomach varies widely among different vertebrates, the relative positions of the oesophageal and duodenal openings remain relatively constant. As a result, the organ always curves somewhat to the left before curving back to meet the pyloric sphincter. However, lampreys, hagfishes, chimaeras, lungfishes, and some teleost fish have no stomach at all, with the oesophagus opening directly into the intestine. The gastric lining is usually divided into two regions, an anterior portion lined by fundic glands, and a posterior with pyloric glands. Cardiac glands are unique to mammals, and even then are absent in a number of species. The distributions of these glands vary between species, and do not always correspond with the same regions as in man. Furthermore, in many non-human mammals, a portion of the stomach anterior to the cardiac glands is lined with epithelium essentially identical to that of the oesophagus. Ruminants, in particular, have a complex stomach, the first three chambers of which are all lined with oesophageal mucosa"^^ . _:b663520781 . _:b666238585 . _:b665798719 . _:b665798505 . _:b663520782 . _:b666238586 . _:b665798506 . _:b663520783 . _:b666238587 . _:b665798507 . _:b665860723 . _:b665862236 "intestinum caecum"^^ . _:b666209721 . _:b663520776 . _:b666238580 . _:b665798500 . _:b665860716 . _:b663520777 . _:b666238581 . _:b665798501 . _:b665860717 . _:b663520778 . _:b666238582 . _:b665798502 . _:b665860718 . _:b663520779 . _:b666238583 . _:b665798503 . _:b665860719 . _:b663520772 . _:b666238576 . _:b665798496 . _:b666208909 . _:b663520773 . _:b666238577 . _:b665798497 . _:b666208908 . _:b666239218 . _:b663520774 . _:b666238578 . _:b665798498 . _:b666208911 . _:b663520775 . _:b666238579 . _:b665798499 . _:b666208910 . _:b665860715 . _:b663520064 . _:b663520768 . _:b666238476 . _:b665798524 . _:b665860708 . _:b663914135 . _:b663520769 . _:b666238477 . _:b665798525 . _:b663520770 . _:b666238478 . _:b665798526 . _:b663520771 . _:b666238479 . _:b665798527 . _:b663520796 . _:b666238472 . _:b665798520 . _:b665860704 . _:b663520797 . _:b666238473 . _:b665798521 . _:b665860705 . _:b665862282 . _:b663913669 . _:b663520074 "A primary bacterial infectious disease that results_in infection located_in intestine, has_material_basis_in Campylobacter jejuni, which is transmitted_by ingestion of contaminated food or water or transmitted_by contact with infected people or animals. The infection has_symptom diarrhea or has_symptom dysentery, has_symptom abdominal cramps and pain, and has_symptom fever." . _:b666238474 . _:b663520798 . _:b665798522 . _:b665860706 . _:b665862283 . _:b663520799 . _:b666238475 . _:b663914222 . _:b666239224 . . _:b665798523 . _:b665860707 . _:b663520792 . _:b666238468 . _:b665861292 "(iff (RelationalQuality a) (exists (b c t) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (IndependentContinuant c) (qualityOfAt a b t) (qualityOfAt a c t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [057-001] " . _:b663520218 . _:b665798516 . _:b665860700 . _:b663520793 . _:b666238469 . _:b665798517 . _:b665860701 . _:b663520216 . _:b663913522 "cjm"^^ . _:b666238470 . _:b663520794 . _:b665798518 . _:b665860702 . _:b663520795 . _:b666238471 . _:b663520217 . _:b665798519 . _:b665860703 . _:b663520788 . _:b666238464 . _:b663520845 . _:b666239229 . _:b665798512 . _:b663520789 . _:b666238465 . _:b665798513 . _:b666208639 "A one-dimensional spatial region is a line or aggregate of lines stretching from one point in space to another. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [038-001])"@en . _:b663520790 . _:b666238466 . _:b665798514 . _:b663520791 . _:b666238467 . _:b665798515 . _:b663520784 . _:b666238492 . _:b665798412 . _:b663913672 . _:b665860735 . _:b663520785 . _:b666238493 . _:b665798413 . _:b665798780 "AAO"^^ . _:b663914150 . _:b665860656 "GOC:GO"^^ . _:b663520786 . _:b666238494 . _:b665798414 . _:b665862230 "caecum"^^ . _:b663520787 . _:b666238495 . _:b665798415 . _:b663520812 . _:b666238488 . _:b665798408 . _:b663520813 . _:b666238489 . _:b663913421 . _:b665798409 . _:b663520814 . _:b666238490 . _:b665798410 . _:b663520815 . _:b666238491 . _:b665798411 . _:b663520005 . _:b663520808 . _:b666238484 . _:b665861984 "All realizable dependent continuants have independent continuants that are not spatial regions as their bearers. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [060-002])"@en . _:b665798404 . _:b665862511 . _:b665862501 . _:b666239215 . _:b663520809 . _:b666239300 . _:b666238485 . _:b665798405 . _:b663520810 . _:b666238486 . _:b665798406 . _:b666239227 . _:b663520006 . _:b665862499 . _:b663520811 . _:b666238487 . _:b665798407 . _:b663520804 . _:b666239303 . _:b666238480 . _:b666208698 . _:b665798400 . _:b663520025 . _:b663520805 . _:b666238481 . _:b665798401 . _:b665862496 . _:b665862518 . _:b663520026 . _:b663520806 . _:b666238482 . _:b665798402 . _:b665862503 . _:b665862521 . _:b663520807 . _:b666238483 . _:b665798403 . _:b665798665 . _:b663515710 . _:b663520800 . _:b666238508 . _:b665798428 . _:b663515711 . _:b665862509 . _:b663520801 . _:b666238509 . _:b665798429 . _:b663520802 . _:b666238510 . _:b665798430 . _:b663520803 . _:b666238511 . _:b665798431 . _:b665862498 . _:b665862506 . _:b663520828 . _:b666238504 . _:b665798424 . _:b663515735 . _:b665862527 . _:b663520829 . _:b666238505 . _:b666238315 "1"^^ . _:b665798425 . _:b665862504 . _:b663520830 . _:b666238506 . _:b665798426 . _:b663520831 . _:b666238507 . _:b665798427 . _:b665862524 . _:b663520824 . _:b666238500 . _:b665798420 . _:b665798731 "AAO"^^ . _:b663520825 . _:b666238501 . _:b665798421 . _:b663515740 . _:b665860797 . _:b665862516 . _:b663516764 "FMA"^^ . _:b666238502 . _:b663520826 . _:b665798422 . _:b663515741 . _:b665860798 . _:b666238316 "1"^^ . _:b663520827 . _:b666238503 . _:b665798423 . _:b665860799 . _:b663520820 . _:b666238496 . _:b665798416 . _:b663516795 "VHOG:0000055"^^ . _:b665860792 . _:b665862522 . _:b663520821 . _:b666238497 . _:b665805447 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathogenic_bacteria" . _:b665798417 . _:b663515736 . _:b665860793 . _:b665862512 . _:b663520822 . _:b666238498 . _:b665798418 . _:b663515737 . _:b665860794 . _:b663520823 . _:b666238499 . _:b665798419 . _:b663515738 . _:b666208686 . _:b663520816 . _:b666238524 . _:b666238310 "1"^^ . _:b665798444 . _:b663515739 . _:b665860788 . _:b665862525 . _:b663520817 . _:b666238525 . _:b665805617 "BTO:0001158"^^ . _:b665798445 . _:b665860789 . _:b666238311 "1"^^ . _:b665862519 . _:b663520818 . _:b666238526 . _:b665798446 . _:b663521141 "The pharynx is the part of the digestive system immediately posterior to the mouth[GO]."^^ . _:b665860790 . _:b663520819 . _:b666238527 . _:b665862508 . _:b665798447 . _:b665860791 . _:b665862277 . _:b666238520 . _:b665798440 . _:b665862515 . _:b666238521 . _:b665798441 . _:b663913255 "(forall (x t) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (SpatialRegion y) (spatiallyProjectsOntoAt x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [099-001] " . _:b665798744 "AAO"^^ . _:b665862520 . _:b663520034 . _:b666238522 . _:b665798442 . _:b663913711 . _:b665862466 . _:b663520035 . _:b666238523 . _:b665798443 . _:b665798658 . _:b665860787 . _:b663520036 . _:b666238516 . _:b665798436 . _:b665862477 . _:b665860780 . _:b663520037 . _:b666238517 . _:b665798437 . _:b665862471 . _:b663520038 . _:b665860781 . _:b666208760 . _:b666238518 . _:b665798438 . _:b663520039 . _:b665860782 . _:b663516664 "ncithesaurus:Large_Intestine"^^ . _:b666238519 . _:b665798439 . _:b665860783 . _:b666238512 . _:b665798432 . _:b666208788 "Portion of the alimentary canal bounded anteriorly by the pyloric sphincter and posteriorly by the cloacal sphincter.[AAO]"^^ . _:b665862473 . _:b663520058 . _:b665862465 . _:b666238513 . _:b665798433 . _:b665860777 . _:b665862469 . _:b663520057 . _:b666238215 "A disease of anatomical entity that is located_in the gastrointestinal tract." . _:b666238514 . _:b665798434 . _:b665797779 . _:b665860778 . _:b666238515 . _:b665798435 . _:b665860779 . _:b665863028 . _:b665798460 . _:b665862478 . _:b665863029 . _:b665798461 . _:b665862468 . _:b665798462 . _:b665798463 . _:b665797782 . _:b665862474 . _:b665861449 "Portion of alimentary canal with increased circular and longitudinal smooth muscle. Bounded posteriorly by the pyloric sphincter. Mucosal lining has increased folding.[AAO]"^^ . _:b665798456 . _:b665797781 . _:b665798958 . _:b665798457 . _:b665862475 . _:b665862464 . _:b665797780 . _:b666208756 . _:b665798465 "Entity doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example Werner Ceusters 'portions of reality' include 4 sorts, entities (as BFO construes them), universals, configurations, and relations. It is an open question as to whether entities as construed in BFO will at some point also include these other portions of reality. See, for example, 'How to track absolutely everything' at http://www.referent-tracking.com/_RTU/papers/CeustersICbookRevised.pdf"@en . _:b665798458 . _:b665797786 . _:b663913565 "NCBITaxon:9606"^^ . _:b665862467 . _:b665798459 . _:b665797787 . _:b665862486 . _:b665862310 . _:b665862493 . _:b665798452 . _:b666209657 . _:b665798453 . _:b666209656 . _:b663515711 . _:b665861659 . _:b665862484 . _:b665862470 . _:b665798454 . _:b666209659 . _:b663515710 . _:b665862307 . _:b665862488 . _:b665798455 . _:b666209658 . _:b663515709 . _:b665806248 . _:b665798448 . _:b663515708 . _:b665862481 . _:b665798449 . _:b666209660 . _:b665862418 . _:b663914039 "b is an object means: b is a material entity which manifests causal unity of one or other of the types CUn listed above & is of a type (a material universal) instances of which are maximal relative to this criterion of causal unity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [024-001])"@en . _:b665798450 . _:b665798451 . _:b663516743 "the terminal portion of the intestinal tube, terminating with the anus"^^ . _:b665862494 . _:b665861461 . _:b665862472 . _:b665798348 . _:b665798349 . _:b665798350 . _:b663515761 . _:b665862491 . _:b665862479 . _:b665798351 . _:b665862315 . _:b663913552 "Subdivision of digestive tract that connects the stomach to the large intestine and is where much of the digestion and absorption of food takes place (with the exception of ruminants). The mammalian small intestine is long and coiled and can be differentiated histologically into: duodenum, jejunem, ileum[WP,cjm,Kardong]."^^ . _:b665862476 . _:b666238360 "The few structural specializations in (adult lampreys) pharynx include complex valves on the external gill openings that direct the tidal flow, and the division of the ancestral pharynx into an oesophagus and a respiratory pharynx.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665798344 . _:b665862312 . _:b665860752 . _:b663515716 . _:b665862489 . _:b665798345 . _:b665862413 . _:b665860753 . _:b665862483 . _:b663515715 . _:b665798346 . _:b666209655 . _:b665860754 . _:b663515714 . _:b663519993 "(forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [095-001] " . _:b665798347 . _:b666209654 . _:b665862446 . _:b665860755 . _:b663515713 . _:b665798340 . _:b665860748 . _:b665863019 "ncithesaurus:Small_Intestine"^^ . _:b665862437 . _:b663515767 . _:b663515712 . _:b665798919 . _:b665862449 . _:b665798341 . _:b665860749 . _:b665862454 . _:b665798342 . _:b665862441 . _:b665798343 . _:b665860751 . _:b665862452 . _:b665798336 . _:b665860744 . _:b665798337 . _:b665860745 . _:b665862458 . _:b665798338 . _:b665862447 . _:b665798339 . _:b663519952 "if b is a continuant and if, for some t, cis continuant_part of b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [009-002])"@en . _:b665862436 . _:b665798364 . _:b665860740 . _:b665798365 . _:b665860741 . _:b665798366 . _:b665797814 . _:b665860742 . _:b663515745 . _:b665862463 . _:b665798367 . _:b665797815 . _:b665860743 . _:b665862442 . _:b663515746 . _:b665798360 . _:b665797812 . _:b665860736 . _:b663515747 . _:b665862461 . _:b665798361 . _:b665797813 . _:b665860737 . _:b663515748 . _:b665861393 . _:b665798362 . _:b665860738 . _:b665798363 . _:b665860739 . _:b665798356 . _:b665797816 . _:b663913582 "ISBN:978-0521617147 Stevens CE and Hume ID, Comparative physiology of the vertebrate digestive system (2004) p.11"^^ . _:b665798357 . _:b665797817 . _:b665860861 . _:b665798358 . _:b665862459 . _:b665860862 . _:b665798359 . _:b665860863 . _:b665798685 "Portion of the alimentary canal bounded anteriorly by the pyloric sphincter and posteriorly by the cloacal sphincter.[AAO]"^^ . _:b665798352 . _:b665798353 . _:b665862453 . _:b665805827 . _:b665798354 . _:b665862455 . _:b663515757 . _:b665797941 "ncithesaurus:Intestine"^^ . _:b665798355 . _:b665798380 . _:b663515751 "(forall (x y) (if (and (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (SpatioTemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [096-001] " . _:b665798381 . _:b665862457 . _:b665798382 . _:b665798685 "AAO"^^ . _:b665862462 . _:b665798383 . _:b665862450 . _:b665797799 . _:b665798376 . _:b665862460 . _:b665862445 . _:b665798377 . _:b663515732 . _:b666209416 "a one-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a continuous fiat line whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [032-001])"@en . _:b665861668 . _:b665862456 . _:b665798378 . _:b665798379 . _:b663520904 . _:b665798372 . _:b665797800 . _:b665806413 "ncithesaurus:Small_Intestine"^^ . _:b663520905 . _:b665862423 . _:b665798373 . _:b663520906 . _:b665863027 "VHOG:0000052"^^ . _:b665798374 . _:b663515737 . _:b665798375 . _:b663515738 . _:b665797804 . _:b665798368 . _:b665797805 . _:b665798369 . _:b665798370 . _:b665862428 . _:b665798371 . _:b665798396 . _:b665798397 . _:b663515712 . _:b665862424 . _:b665798398 . _:b665862425 . _:b665798399 . _:b665806370 "VHOG:0001559"^^ . _:b665798392 . _:b665862427 . _:b663520168 "VHOG:0000056"^^ . _:b665798393 . _:b665862426 . _:b663520902 . _:b665798394 . _:b665805826 . _:b663520903 . _:b665798395 . _:b665798388 . _:b665798389 . _:b663515720 . _:b665798390 . _:b663515721 . _:b665798391 . _:b665798384 . _:b665861270 "p is a process boundary =Def. p is a temporal part of a process & p has no proper temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [084-001])"@en . _:b665798385 . _:b665798386 . _:b663515725 . _:b665798387 . _:b663515726 . _:b665798284 . _:b665798285 . _:b665798286 . _:b665863017 "2012-08-14"^^ . _:b665798287 . _:b665798280 . _:b665798281 . _:b665798282 . _:b663913553 . _:b665798283 . _:b663913552 . _:b665798276 . _:b663913555 . _:b665860812 . _:b665862639 . _:b663516550 "(forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [020-002] " . _:b665798277 . _:b663913554 . _:b665860813 . _:b665798278 . _:b663913557 . _:b665798279 . _:b663913556 . _:b665798272 . _:b665860808 . _:b665862635 . _:b665798273 . _:b665860809 . _:b665862624 . _:b663913582 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665798274 . _:b665860810 . _:b665798275 . _:b666209528 . _:b665860811 . _:b665861993 "b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b\u2019s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003])"@en . _:b665798300 . _:b665798301 . _:b665862636 . _:b665798302 . _:b665860806 . _:b665805694 "VHOG:0000647"^^ . _:b665798303 . _:b665860807 . _:b665798296 . _:b663913551 . _:b665860800 . _:b665798297 . _:b666209396 . _:b665860801 . _:b665798298 . _:b665860802 . _:b665798299 . _:b665860803 . _:b665860453 "(forall (x) (if (Occurrent x) (exists (r) (and (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x r))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [108-001] " . _:b665798292 . _:b663521104 . _:b663913573 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665798293 . _:b665862644 . _:b665798294 . _:b663913563 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665798295 . _:b665798288 . _:b665860567 "url:http://www2.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/mwmednlm?book=Medical&va=anatomic" . _:b665798289 . _:b665862640 . _:b665798290 . _:b663521050 "upper intestine"^^ . _:b663914422 . _:b665798291 . _:b665798316 . _:b663914081 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathogenic_bacteria" . _:b665798317 . _:b663521135 . _:b663913554 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665798318 . _:b665798319 . _:b663515794 . _:b665798312 . _:b665862991 "2012-08-14"^^ . _:b663521132 . _:b665862643 . _:b665798313 . _:b665798314 . _:b665862610 . _:b665798315 . _:b665862606 . _:b665798308 . _:b665862597 . _:b665805592 "UMLS:C0038351"^^ . _:b665798309 . _:b663515800 . _:b665862609 . _:b665798310 . _:b665862614 . _:b663913528 "ISBN:978-0521617147 Stevens CE and Hume ID, Comparative physiology of the vertebrate digestive system (2004) p.11"^^ . _:b663515801 . _:b665862603 . _:b665798311 . _:b663914290 . _:b665798304 . _:b665798305 . _:b665862600 . _:b665862613 . _:b665862592 . _:b665862596 . _:b665798306 . _:b665797727 "(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (hasContinuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [126-001] " . _:b665862607 . _:b665798307 . _:b666239030 . _:b665798332 . _:b665862616 . _:b665798333 . _:b665862617 . _:b665805433 "a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary (surface) is a self-connected fiat surface whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [033-001])"@en . _:b665798334 . _:b665860902 . _:b665798335 . _:b665862594 . _:b665860903 . _:b665862202 . _:b663516822 "ISBN:0-683-40008-8"^^ . _:b665798328 . _:b665862601 . _:b665798329 . _:b665862620 . _:b665798330 . _:b665798331 . _:b665798890 . _:b665798324 . _:b665862593 . _:b665798891 . _:b665798325 . _:b663515819 . _:b665862612 . _:b665798326 . _:b665806078 "(forall (x) (if (Continuant x) (Entity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [008-002] " . _:b663515818 . _:b665798889 . _:b665862599 . _:b665806279 "A subdivision of the digestive tract that connects the small intestine to the cloaca or anus. Lacks or has few villi[Kardong]."^^ . _:b665798327 . _:b663913528 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665798320 . _:b665798321 . _:b665798322 . _:b665862602 . _:b663515805 . _:b665860890 . _:b665862615 . _:b665798323 . _:b663515806 . _:b665798220 . _:b663515807 . _:b663515820 . _:b665862621 . _:b665798221 . _:b665860885 . _:b665798222 . _:b665862611 . _:b665798223 . _:b665806119 "b is a disposition means: b is a realizable entity & b\u2019s bearer is some material entity & b is such that if it ceases to exist, then its bearer is physically changed, & b\u2019s realization occurs when and because this bearer is in some special physical circumstances, & this realization occurs in virtue of the bearer\u2019s physical make-up. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [062-002])"@en . _:b665798216 . _:b665798217 . _:b663520849 . _:b665798218 . _:b663521169 . _:b665798219 . _:b665798212 . _:b665862573 . _:b665798791 . _:b665862565 . _:b665798213 . _:b665798214 . _:b665862569 . _:b665798215 . _:b665861204 "(forall (x t) (if (IndependentContinuant x) (exists (r) (and (SpatialRegion r) (locatedInAt x r t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [134-001] " . _:b665798208 . _:b665862561 . _:b665862581 . _:b665798209 . _:b665798210 . _:b663521178 . _:b665862564 . _:b665798211 . _:b665862574 . _:b665798236 . _:b665798237 . _:b665862567 . _:b665862584 . _:b665862590 . _:b665798238 . _:b663516545 "A material entity is an independent continuant that has some portion of matter as proper or improper continuant part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [019-002])"@en . _:b665798239 . _:b665862560 . _:b665862570 . _:b665860781 "ncithesaurus:Small_Intestine"^^ . _:b665798232 . _:b666238842 "(forall (x) (if (Occurrent x) (exists (r) (and (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x r))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [108-001] " . _:b665798233 . _:b665798234 . _:b665862591 . _:b665862563 . _:b665862583 . _:b665798235 . _:b665798228 . _:b665862219 . _:b665798229 . _:b665798230 . _:b665862579 . _:b665798231 . _:b665862566 . _:b665798224 . _:b665862585 . _:b665862587 . _:b665798225 . _:b665798226 . _:b666209596 "ncithesaurus:Esophagus"^^ . _:b663913503 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665798227 . _:b665862582 . _:b665798252 . _:b665798253 . _:b665862588 . _:b665798254 . _:b665862575 . _:b663913491 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665862213 . _:b665798255 . _:b665798248 . _:b663516743 "ISBN:0-683-40008-8"^^ . _:b665798249 . _:b665862576 . _:b665862572 . _:b665862578 . _:b665798674 . _:b665798250 . _:b665862540 . _:b665798675 . . _:b665798251 . _:b665862545 . _:b665862534 . _:b665798676 . _:b665806106 "(forall (x) (if (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [039-001] " . _:b665798244 . _:b665798677 . _:b665798245 . _:b665862542 . _:b665798678 . _:b665798246 . _:b665862548 . _:b665805416 "A material entity is an independent continuant that has some portion of matter as proper or improper continuant part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [019-002])"@en . _:b665798247 . _:b663519993 . _:b665862537 . _:b665798240 . _:b663519992 . _:b665862529 . _:b665798241 . _:b665798242 . _:b665862533 . _:b663519994 . _:b665805668 "intestinum tenue"^^ . _:b665862543 . _:b665862554 . _:b665798243 . _:b665805669 "intestinum tenue"^^ . _:b665862257 . _:b665861402 . _:b665798268 . _:b665798269 . _:b663516766 . _:b663515832 . _:b665798270 . _:b665862528 . _:b665798271 . _:b663519985 . _:b665863166 "To say that each spatiotemporal region s temporally_projects_onto some temporal region t is to say that t is the temporal extension of s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [080-003])"@en . _:b665862538 . _:b665862557 . _:b665798264 . _:b665860703 "AAO:0000579"^^ . _:b665798265 . _:b663519987 . _:b665862531 . _:b663913478 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665798266 . _:b663519986 . _:b665861481 . _:b665798267 . _:b663519989 . _:b665798260 . _:b663519988 . _:b665798825 . _:b665862558 . _:b665861232 . _:b665798261 . _:b663519991 . _:b665862530 . _:b665861238 "All realizable dependent continuants have independent continuants that are not spatial regions as their bearers. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [060-002])"@en . _:b665798262 . _:b663519990 . _:b665862547 . _:b665798263 . _:b665798256 . _:b663913598 . _:b665798257 . _:b665862555 . _:b665862536 . _:b665798258 . _:b663913631 . _:b663520859 . _:b665798259 . _:b665862549 . _:b665861231 . _:b665798156 . _:b665862551 . _:b665798771 "blindgut"^^ . _:b665862539 . _:b665798157 . _:b665862556 . _:b665798158 . _:b665798159 . _:b665798152 . _:b665862546 . _:b665798153 . _:b665862552 . _:b665798154 . _:b666238454 "intestinum ileum"^^ . _:b665798155 . _:b665798148 . _:b666238215 . _:b665798149 . _:b665798150 . _:b663516061 "UMLS:C0013303"^^ . _:b665798151 . _:b665862544 . _:b663515824 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infectious_disease" . _:b665798144 . _:b665861387 . _:b665798145 . _:b665798146 . _:b663516767 . _:b665798147 . _:b663516766 . _:b663520997 "ceca"^^ . _:b665798172 . _:b665798173 . _:b663516764 . _:b665862204 . _:b665798174 . _:b665862553 . _:b663516763 . _:b665798175 . _:b665798834 . _:b665798168 . _:b665860928 . _:b665798169 . _:b665860929 . _:b665861607 . _:b665798170 . _:b665798171 . _:b665806499 . _:b665862535 . _:b665798164 . _:b665863031 "proximal intestine"^^ . _:b663913315 "b is a process_profile =Def. there is some process c such that b process_profile_of c (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [093-002])"@en . _:b665798165 . _:b665862177 . _:b665798166 . _:b665798167 . _:b666238570 . _:b665798160 . _:b665798090 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665798161 . _:b666208849 "MA"^^ . _:b665798162 . _:b666209347 "(forall (r) (if (TemporalRegion r) (occupiesTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [119-002] " . _:b665798163 . _:b665798188 . _:b666238567 . _:b663520889 . _:b665798189 . _:b665798190 . _:b665798191 . _:b665798184 . _:b665798185 . _:b665798186 . _:b665798187 . _:b665862580 . _:b665798081 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665798180 . _:b665798181 . _:b665798037 . _:b665798182 . _:b666239021 . _:b665798036 . _:b665798183 . _:b663515948 . _:b665798035 . _:b665798176 . _:b665798034 . _:b665798177 . _:b665798033 . _:b665798178 . _:b665862589 . _:b665798815 . _:b666238096 "(forall (x) (if (Occurrent x) (exists (r) (and (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x r))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [108-001] " . _:b665798179 . _:b665862157 . _:b665798031 . _:b665798204 . _:b665798030 . _:b665798205 . _:b665798206 . _:b663914030 "An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects " . _:b665862174 . _:b665798207 . _:b663914031 "An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects " . _:b665798200 . _:b665798805 . _:b665798201 . _:b665798202 . _:b665798203 . _:b665798196 . _:b665798197 . _:b665798198 . _:b665798199 . _:b665861881 . _:b665798192 . _:b665798193 . _:b665862562 . . _:b665798194 . _:b665798566 "(iff (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ImmaterialEntity a) (exists (b) (and (or (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b)) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))) (not (exists (c t) (and (SpatialRegion c) (continuantPartOfAt c a t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [029-001] " . _:b665798195 . _:b665798062 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665798020 "caecum"^^ . _:b663519985 . _:b665862571 . _:b665798516 "If b is a realizable entity then for all t at which b exists, b s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [063-002])"@en . _:b663519997 . _:b665862142 "intestinum crassum"^^ . _:b663520979 "4"^^ . _:b665798776 . _:b663914328 "ISBN:978-0521617147 Stevens CE and Hume ID, Comparative physiology of the vertebrate digestive system (2004) p.11"^^ . _:b665862608 . _:b663516770 . _:b663519972 . _:b663516769 . _:b663519971 . _:b663516768 . _:b665860563 . _:b663913483 . _:b663520928 "1"^^ . _:b665862622 . _:b665861311 . _:b663520929 "1"^^ . _:b666239115 . _:b663519976 . _:b665861202 "For any independent continuant b and any time t there is some spatial region r such that b is located_in r at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [134-001])"@en . _:b666239112 . _:b663519983 . _:b663520697 "if b is a continuant and if, for some t, c has_continuant_part b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [126-001])"@en . _:b666239113 . _:b663519970 . _:b666239118 . _:b663519977 . _:b663520797 "b is a process_profile =Def. there is some process c such that b process_profile_of c (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [093-002])"@en . _:b666239119 . _:b665798071 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665862598 . _:b663519968 . _:b665798728 . _:b663519969 . _:b666239117 . _:b663519966 . _:b663519967 . _:b663519965 . _:b666238934 "b is a relational quality = Def. for some independent continuants c, d and for some time t: b quality_of c at t & b quality_of d at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [057-001])"@en . _:b663519958 . _:b663519959 . _:b665860540 "(iff (OneDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [032-001] " . _:b665806222 . _:b665862645 . _:b663519960 . _:b665862641 . _:b663516672 . _:b665862300 "VHOG:0000647"^^ . _:b663516673 . _:b663516674 . _:b666239120 . _:b665798751 . _:b665806232 . _:b663914196 . _:b663519948 . _:b663519947 . _:b663519950 . _:b663516549 "(forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt x y t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [021-002] " . _:b663520923 "1"^^ . _:b665798036 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665862625 . _:b665798700 . _:b663519949 . _:b665798701 . _:b665806540 . _:b663520924 "1"^^ . _:b665862637 . _:b665805638 "AAO:0010400"^^ . _:b665798838 "distal intestine"^^ . _:b665797999 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663914181 . _:b665797986 "VHOG"^^ . _:b666209671 "upper intestine"^^ . _:b665862321 . _:b666208619 . _:b665862016 "p is a process boundary =Def. p is a temporal part of a process & p has no proper temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [084-001])"@en . _:b666208618 . _:b665862327 . _:b663913694 . _:b666208621 . _:b663913989 "Every temporal region t is such that t occupies_temporal_region t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [119-002])"@en . _:b665798011 "VHOG"^^ . _:b666208620 . _:b666209526 "UMLS:C0021851"^^ . _:b663914274 "ISBN:978-0521617147 Stevens CE and Hume ID, Comparative physiology of the vertebrate digestive system (2004) p.11"^^ . _:b665862332 . _:b666209332 "b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002])"@en . _:b663520216 "UMLS:C0038351"^^ . _:b665861247 "b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b\u2019s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003])"@en . _:b665861474 . _:b663914328 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665861453 "gaster"^^ . _:b665806254 . _:b666208727 . _:b665861523 "2"^^ . _:b665861497 . _:b665798197 . _:b665862403 . _:b665806421 "VHOG:0000052"^^ . _:b665862330 . _:b665862318 . _:b665862406 . _:b663913431 "AAO"^^ . _:b663520358 . _:b665798683 . _:b665860425 "100.0"^^ . _:b663913663 . _:b665806281 "UMLS:C0021851"^^ . _:b666209437 . _:b663914327 "ISBN:0-683-40008-8"^^ . _:b665860420 "100.0"^^ . _:b663914319 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b666239029 . _:b666239028 . _:b665862448 . _:b665798674 . _:b665862451 . _:b665806114 "(forall (x y) (if (and (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (SpatioTemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [096-001] " . _:b665862444 . _:b663914309 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665862438 . _:b665861358 . _:b665797930 "VHOG"^^ . _:b666238936 "a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary (surface) is a self-connected fiat surface whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [033-001])"@en . _:b663914039 . _:b663914300 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b666208644 "b is an object aggregate means: b is a material entity consisting exactly of a plurality of objects as member_parts at all times at which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [025-004])"@en . _:b665862443 . . _:b666208723 . _:b663520386 . _:b665806385 "TAO:0000706"^^ . _:b663913562 "The first part of the small intestine. At the junction of the stomach and the duodenum the alimentary canal is inflected. The duodenum first goes anteriorly for a short distance, turns dorsally, and eventually caudally, thus it is a U-shaped structure with two horizontal sections (a ventral and a dorsal one)."^^ . _:b665862487 . _:b665797940 . _:b665797941 . _:b665862370 . _:b663913247 "A two-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of two dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [039-001])"@en . _:b663520389 . _:b665862482 . _:b665797801 "b is an object means: b is a material entity which manifests causal unity of one or other of the types CUn listed above & is of a type (a material universal) instances of which are maximal relative to this criterion of causal unity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [024-001])"@en . _:b665797937 . _:b665797938 . _:b665806207 . _:b665862492 . _:b665797939 . _:b666208860 "VHOG:0001751"^^ . _:b663914274 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663520265 . _:b663520264 . _:b663520263 . _:b663520262 . _:b663515927 "The tract of the alimentary canal. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663520261 . _:b663914250 "ncithesaurus:Rectum"^^ . _:b663520259 . _:b663913341 "A disease that manifests in a defined anatomical structure." . _:b663914206 . _:b665862200 "ventriculus"^^ . _:b663520258 . _:b663521193 . _:b665797940 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665798507 "Every spatiotemporal region s is such that s occupies_spatiotemporal_region s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [107-002])"@en . _:b663914297 . _:b665861449 "AAO:0000579"^^ . _:b663914299 . _:b663914298 . _:b666209448 . _:b663914301 . _:b663914300 . _:b663914303 . _:b663914302 . _:b665862340 . _:b666208875 "intestinum caecum"^^ . _:b665862517 . _:b663914248 "ISBN:0-683-40008-8"^^ . _:b665862513 . _:b663520141 . _:b663914377 . _:b663914249 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665860789 "VHOG:0000052"^^ . _:b663516131 "alimentary system subdivision"^^ . _:b663914344 . _:b666208847 "Anterior end of the alimentary canal lined with smooth muscle. Bounded anteriorly by a constriction in the pharynx. Bounded posteriorly by and increase in circular and/or longitudinal smooth muscle associated with the stomach.[AAO]"^^ . _:b665862526 . _:b665805392 "b is a fiat object part = Def. b is a material entity which is such that for all times t, if b exists at t then there is some object c such that b proper continuant_part of c at t and c is demarcated from the remainder of c by a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [027-004])"@en . _:b666238892 "(iff (SpecificallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (forall (t) (if (existsAt a t) (exists (b) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (not (SpatialRegion b)) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [050-003] " . _:b665862070 . _:b665805640 "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665860415 "100.0"^^ . _:b663913216 "if b is a continuant and if, for some t, cis continuant_part of b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [009-002])"@en . _:b665860410 "100.0"^^ . _:b663520432 . . _:b665862502 . . . _:b665862497 . _:b663913420 "cjm"^^ . _:b663520423 . _:b666209582 "We restrict this to the vertebrate specific structure - see the grouping class 'food storage organ' for analogous structures in other species. Teleosts: Zebrafish is functionally stomach-less, but may retain ontogenic footprint. Although the precise shape and size of the stomach varies widely among different vertebrates, the relative positions of the oesophageal and duodenal openings remain relatively constant. As a result, the organ always curves somewhat to the left before curving back to meet the pyloric sphincter. However, lampreys, hagfishes, chimaeras, lungfishes, and some teleost fish have no stomach at all, with the oesophagus opening directly into the intestine. The gastric lining is usually divided into two regions, an anterior portion lined by fundic glands, and a posterior with pyloric glands. Cardiac glands are unique to mammals, and even then are absent in a number of species. The distributions of these glands vary between species, and do not always correspond with the same regions as in man. Furthermore, in many non-human mammals, a portion of the stomach anterior to the cardiac glands is lined with epithelium essentially identical to that of the oesophagus. Ruminants, in particular, have a complex stomach, the first three chambers of which are all lined with oesophageal mucosa"^^ . _:b663914237 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663516185 . _:b663914224 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665862507 . _:b665861555 "ncithesaurus:Ileum"^^ . _:b666238208 "url:http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec09/ch122/ch122a.html" . _:b665805694 "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663521082 . _:b663515706 "Entity doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example Werner Ceusters 'portions of reality' include 4 sorts, entities (as BFO construes them), universals, configurations, and relations. It is an open question as to whether entities as construed in BFO will at some point also include these other portions of reality. See, for example, 'How to track absolutely everything' at http://www.referent-tracking.com/_RTU/papers/CeustersICbookRevised.pdf"@en . _:b663521085 . _:b665805639 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b663521087 . _:b663516168 . _:b663913429 "cjm"^^ . _:b663520321 "intestinum ileum"^^ . _:b663516004 . _:b665862950 . _:b666208944 "posterior intestine"^^ . _:b666209450 . _:b666209669 "UMLS:C0013303"^^ . _:b666239142 "TAO:0000706"^^ . _:b663516029 . _:b665805664 "Subdivision of digestive tract that connects the stomach to the large intestine and is where much of the digestion and absorption of food takes place (with the exception of ruminants). The mammalian small intestine is long and coiled and can be differentiated histologically into: duodenum, jejunem, ileum[WP,cjm,Kardong]."^^ . _:b663521060 . _:b663516543 "A one-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is extended. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [103-001])"@en . _:b663516900 "The pharynx is the part of the digestive system immediately posterior to the mouth[GO]."^^ . _:b666209676 "The first two fifth of the small intestine beyond the duodenum. It extends from the end of the duodenum to the ileum. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663913573 "VHOG:0000053"^^ . _:b665805665 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b663520649 . _:b663520648 . _:b663521051 . _:b663521040 . _:b663913275 "b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b\u2019s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003])"@en . _:b666209795 . _:b663914178 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665806504 . _:b665861230 "(forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (TemporalRegion y) (temporallyProjectsOnto x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [098-001] " . _:b666238321 . _:b666209441 . _:b665862056 "A primary bacterial infectious disease that results_in infection located_in intestine, has_material_basis_in Campylobacter jejuni, which is transmitted_by ingestion of contaminated food or water or transmitted_by contact with infected people or animals. The infection has_symptom diarrhea or has_symptom dysentery, has_symptom abdominal cramps and pain, and has_symptom fever." . _:b665862821 . _:b663520647 . _:b666238480 . _:b666238479 . _:b663914223 . _:b666209015 . _:b663914222 . _:b666209012 . _:b663914221 . _:b663914168 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663914220 . _:b663515511 . _:b665862923 . _:b665862920 . _:b666238441 . _:b663521024 . _:b665862825 . _:b665798485 "For every independent continuant b and time t during the region of time spanned by its life, there are entities which s-depends_on b during t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [018-002])"@en . _:b663515516 . _:b663521027 . _:b663914228 . _:b663515932 . _:b663521028 . _:b663914227 . _:b663521029 . _:b663914226 . _:b663520651 . _:b663914225 . _:b663515905 . _:b663521031 . _:b663914224 . _:b663515922 . . _:b665805743 . . _:b663521132 . . _:b663521135 . _:b663515833 "A primary bacterial infectious disease that results_in infection located_in intestine, has_material_basis_in Campylobacter jejuni, which is transmitted_by ingestion of contaminated food or water or transmitted_by contact with infected people or animals. The infection has_symptom diarrhea or has_symptom dysentery, has_symptom abdominal cramps and pain, and has_symptom fever." . _:b666238450 . _:b663516487 "(forall (x) (if (TemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [100-001] " . _:b663521154 . _:b663521143 . _:b663515952 . _:b663515959 . _:b663521129 . _:b663521130 . _:b665861379 . _:b663913327 "(forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [102-001] " . _:b665860509 "(forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [038-001] " . _:b663521121 . _:b665860794 . _:b663521124 . _:b663521092 . _:b665860792 . _:b663515938 . _:b663521126 . _:b665860793 . _:b663521112 . _:b663515943 . _:b666238431 . _:b663914020 "(forall (x) (if (exists (t) (and (existsAt x t) (Quality x))) (forall (t_1) (if (existsAt x t_1) (Quality x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [105-001] " . _:b663521114 . . _:b663521095 . _:b663521115 . _:b666209492 . _:b663521147 . _:b663521116 . _:b663521148 . _:b665860787 . . _:b665806349 "The few structural specializations in (adult lampreys) pharynx include complex valves on the external gill openings that direct the tidal flow, and the division of the ancestral pharynx into an oesophagus and a respiratory pharynx.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b666208883 "AAO"^^ . _:b663515465 . _:b665860790 . _:b665860791 . _:b666208847 "AAO"^^ . _:b665860788 . _:b663521106 . _:b665860789 . _:b663521107 . _:b666238421 . _:b666208768 . _:b663515470 . _:b665798555 "(iff (ProcessBoundary a) (exists (p) (and (Process p) (temporalPartOf a p) (not (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [084-001] " . _:b663516114 . _:b665806398 . _:b663521111 . _:b666238188 "b is a relational quality = Def. for some independent continuants c, d and for some time t: b quality_of c at t & b quality_of d at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [057-001])"@en . _:b663521096 . _:b663521097 . _:b666208919 "The first part of the small intestine. At the junction of the stomach and the duodenum the alimentary canal is inflected. The duodenum first goes anteriorly for a short distance, turns dorsally, and eventually caudally, thus it is a U-shaped structure with two horizontal sections (a ventral and a dorsal one)."^^ . _:b666238409 . _:b663515572 . _:b665861343 . _:b666209495 . _:b663521100 . _:b666238378 . _:b665862119 . _:b666208834 "AAO"^^ . _:b663516121 . _:b663520395 "The pharynx is the part of the digestive system immediately posterior to the mouth[GO]."^^ . _:b663521103 . _:b663516130 . _:b663516131 . _:b663521090 . _:b663913581 "ISBN:0-683-40008-8"^^ . _:b663515581 . _:b663521091 . _:b665860777 "2"^^ . _:b663516132 . _:b666238371 . _:b665805575 . _:b665797791 "(forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [038-001] " . _:b663521177 . _:b665863076 . _:b666238426 "BTO:0000651"^^ . _:b663515554 . _:b663516096 . _:b665805447 . _:b665860779 "The terminal region of the mid intestine is comprised of specialized enterocytes that appear to play a role in mucosal immunity. Wallace et al, 2005.[TAO]"^^ . _:b663516101 . _:b665862674 . _:b666209478 . _:b666238394 . _:b665806384 "The last portion of the digestive system, it extracts water and salt from solid wastes before they are eliminated from the body.[AAO]"^^ . _:b665861499 "TAO:0000706"^^ . _:b663520104 . _:b665805430 "(iff (ProcessProfile a) (exists (b) (and (Process b) (processProfileOf a b)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [093-002] " . _:b663521098 . _:b665863086 . _:b665861650 . _:b665805578 . _:b663515563 . _:b663520117 . _:b665806556 . _:b663515536 . _:b663516146 . _:b663520066 . _:b665806559 . _:b663520126 . _:b665805535 "UMLS:C0021851"^^ . _:b665863073 . _:b663516151 . _:b665863078 . _:b665798856 . _:b663515541 . _:b666209509 . _:b663913995 "A spatiotemporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of spacetime. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [095-001])"@en . _:b666238961 . _:b663521149 . _:b665862668 . _:b663515545 . _:b665862671 . _:b665798861 . _:b666238345 . _:b665805595 . . _:b663914440 . _:b663516157 . _:b665797925 . _:b665806126 "(forall (x) (if (RealizableEntity x) (and (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (inheresIn x y)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [058-002] " . _:b666238190 "a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary (surface) is a self-connected fiat surface whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [033-001])"@en . _:b663515521 . _:b666208571 "A continuant is an entity that persists, endures, or continues to exist through time while maintaining its identity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [008-002])"@en . _:b663516135 . _:b665861191 "(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (hasContinuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [126-001] " . _:b665862139 . _:b663515526 . _:b663516750 "A pouch in the digestive tract that connects the ileum with the ascending colon of the large intestine. It is separated from the ileum by the ileocecal valve, and is the beginning of the large intestine. It is also separated from the colon by the cecocolic junction."^^ . _:b665798874 . _:b665863067 . _:b665798807 "TAO:0001323"^^ . _:b663520289 "The terminal region of the mid intestine is comprised of specialized enterocytes that appear to play a role in mucosal immunity. Wallace et al, 2005.[TAO]"^^ . _:b665863064 . _:b666238358 . _:b663515531 . _:b663521171 . _:b663914046 "(forall (x) (if (ProcessBoundary x) (exists (y) (and (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion y) (occupiesTemporalRegion x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [085-002] " . _:b665797801 . _:b663516140 . _:b663521172 . _:b665862794 "url:https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/general/index.html" . _:b663521093 . _:b663521174 . _:b665862723 "p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003])"@en . _:b666208909 . _:b663914314 "BTO:0000365"^^ . _:b663521160 . _:b663914313 "BTO:0000365"^^ . _:b665860707 "gaster"^^ . _:b663515635 . _:b663516075 . _:b663521162 . _:b663521151 . _:b666239290 . _:b665805806 . _:b666239289 . _:b665860705 "We restrict this to the vertebrate specific structure - see the grouping class 'food storage organ' for analogous structures in other species. Teleosts: Zebrafish is functionally stomach-less, but may retain ontogenic footprint. Although the precise shape and size of the stomach varies widely among different vertebrates, the relative positions of the oesophageal and duodenal openings remain relatively constant. As a result, the organ always curves somewhat to the left before curving back to meet the pyloric sphincter. However, lampreys, hagfishes, chimaeras, lungfishes, and some teleost fish have no stomach at all, with the oesophagus opening directly into the intestine. The gastric lining is usually divided into two regions, an anterior portion lined by fundic glands, and a posterior with pyloric glands. Cardiac glands are unique to mammals, and even then are absent in a number of species. The distributions of these glands vary between species, and do not always correspond with the same regions as in man. Furthermore, in many non-human mammals, a portion of the stomach anterior to the cardiac glands is lined with epithelium essentially identical to that of the oesophagus. Ruminants, in particular, have a complex stomach, the first three chambers of which are all lined with oesophageal mucosa"^^ . _:b665862810 "A disease of anatomical entity that is located_in the gastrointestinal tract." . _:b663521165 . _:b663520291 "ncithesaurus:Small_Intestine"^^ . _:b663521140 . _:b663914409 . _:b666238979 . _:b663520713 "For every independent continuant b and time t during the region of time spanned by its life, there are entities which s-depends_on b during t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [018-002])"@en . _:b666238853 "(forall (x y t) (if (and (SpatialRegion x) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)) (SpatialRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [036-001] " . _:b665797848 "A disease is a disposition (i) to undergo pathological processes that (ii) exists in an organism because of one or more disorders in that organism." . _:b663516066 . _:b663521155 . _:b663521156 . _:b663521137 . _:b663521183 . _:b663521157 . _:b663521180 . _:b666208788 "AAO"^^ . _:b663515617 . _:b665805402 "(forall (x) (if (ThreeDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [040-001] " . _:b665863159 . _:b663516038 . _:b663520447 . _:b666208913 . _:b665798529 "b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b\u2019s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003])"@en . _:b663521061 . _:b663515626 . _:b663521030 . _:b663516078 "UMLS:C0020885"^^ . _:b663515808 "a one-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a continuous fiat line whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [032-001])"@en . _:b666239047 "The tract of the alimentary canal. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b666209780 "FBbt:00100316"^^ . _:b665798920 . _:b665798921 . _:b663516085 . _:b665805775 . _:b663520128 . _:b665862728 . _:b663515608 . _:b663516090 . _:b665863164 . _:b663516046 . _:b665862774 "b is a continuant fiat boundary = Def. b is an immaterial entity that is of zero, one or two dimensions and does not include a spatial region as part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [029-001])"@en . _:b666239048 "UMLS:C0021853"^^ . _:b665862946 "ventriculus"^^ . _:b665798666 . _:b666238169 "(forall (x) (if (ProcessBoundary x) (exists (y) (and (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion y) (occupiesTemporalRegion x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [085-002] " . _:b663515835 "url:http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf" . _:b663521080 . _:b666209385 "A one-dimensional spatial region is a line or aggregate of lines stretching from one point in space to another. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [038-001])"@en . _:b663516796 "ncithesaurus:Small_Intestine"^^ . _:b665862725 . _:b663516056 . _:b665798670 . _:b666209370 "(forall (x t) (if (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (bearerOfAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [060-002] " . _:b665862727 . _:b665862726 . _:b663516481 "Temporal region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of a temporal instant and a temporal interval that doesn't overlap the instant. In this case the resultant temporal region is neither 0-dimensional nor 1-dimensional"@en . _:b663515590 . _:b666238299 . _:b666209407 "A material entity is an independent continuant that has some portion of matter as proper or improper continuant part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [019-002])"@en . _:b663913367 . _:b663521032 . _:b663516756 "ceca"^^ . _:b665798946 . _:b665798547 "b is an object means: b is a material entity which manifests causal unity of one or other of the types CUn listed above & is of a type (a material universal) instances of which are maximal relative to this criterion of causal unity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [024-001])"@en . _:b665863116 . _:b665798607 . _:b663913502 "ISBN:0-683-40008-8"^^ . _:b665861636 . _:b666238290 . _:b663515599 . _:b663913389 . _:b666238163 "b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001])"@en . _:b665806438 "3"^^ . _:b666208780 "UMLS:C0021851"^^ . _:b663521042 . _:b663520012 . _:b663520013 . _:b665798065 . _:b665861324 . _:b665860555 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infectious_disease" . _:b665798064 . _:b663520011 . _:b665863110 . _:b665862772 "(forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt x y t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [021-002] " . _:b663521052 . _:b666209395 "(forall (x) (if (Site x) (ImmaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [034-002] " . _:b665798059 . _:b663913404 . _:b665798061 . _:b666238066 . _:b665863061 . _:b665798060 . _:b665863058 . _:b663521056 "UMLS:C0022378"^^ . _:b665798063 . _:b665798062 . _:b665798756 "MP:0000492"^^ . _:b665863056 . _:b665805710 . _:b666208923 "UMLS:C0013303"^^ . _:b665861540 . _:b666238061 . _:b665798687 "UMLS:C0021853"^^ . _:b663516017 . _:b665861538 . _:b663914298 . _:b663913281 "(forall (x) (if (FiatObjectPart x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y) (and (Object y) (properContinuantPartOfAt x y t)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [027-004] " . _:b665861539 . _:b666238056 . _:b663521003 . _:b663914302 . _:b665861548 . _:b663519950 "A continuant is an entity that persists, endures, or continues to exist through time while maintaining its identity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [008-002])"@en . _:b663516914 . _:b666238348 "WP:Stomach#In_other_animals"^^ . _:b665861549 . _:b665861546 . _:b666238051 . _:b663520819 . _:b665861547 . _:b665806360 "the terminal portion of the intestinal tube, terminating with the anus"^^ . _:b665861558 . _:b665861559 . _:b665861396 "intestinum crassum"^^ . _:b665861556 . _:b665863053 . _:b663515969 . _:b665861557 . _:b665806163 "Every entity which has a material entity as continuant part is a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [020-002])"@en . _:b665861555 . _:b666238215 . _:b663520825 . _:b663520732 "All parts of spatiotemporal regions are spatiotemporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [096-001])"@en . _:b666238210 . _:b665805781 . _:b663521022 . _:b666238208 . _:b663520829 . _:b666238209 . _:b663515992 . _:b665806419 "3"^^ . _:b663520965 . _:b666209342 "(forall (x) (if (SpatialRegion x) (Continuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [035-001] " . _:b665806429 "3"^^ . _:b665860473 "A two-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of two dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [039-001])"@en . _:b663520967 . _:b665862281 "VHOG:0000052"^^ . _:b665805784 . _:b663515666 . _:b666238163 . _:b663520978 . _:b663515670 . _:b666238189 . _:b666238188 . _:b665862055 . _:b666238188 . _:b665805623 "ncithesaurus:Cecum"^^ . _:b666238137 . _:b666238136 . _:b665806380 "3"^^ . _:b665861527 . _:b663521018 . _:b666238164 . _:b663515674 . _:b665862032 "(iff (OneDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [032-001] " . _:b666238184 . _:b663521012 . _:b666238150 . _:b666238135 . _:b663521015 . _:b666238134 . _:b666238149 . _:b663914418 . _:b666238179 . _:b663515650 . _:b666238155 . _:b663516757 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b665862420 "To say that each spatiotemporal region s temporally_projects_onto some temporal region t is to say that t is the temporal extension of s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [080-003])"@en . _:b665860703 "Portion of alimentary canal with increased circular and longitudinal smooth muscle. Bounded posteriorly by the pyloric sphincter. Mucosal lining has increased folding.[AAO]"^^ . _:b663515655 . _:b666238207 . _:b663516759 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b666238204 . _:b665861528 . _:b663516758 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b665861529 . _:b663520894 . _:b663520895 . _:b666238182 . _:b666238198 . _:b666238183 . _:b666238199 . _:b663913544 . _:b663516760 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b663913327 . _:b663913303 . _:b663515698 . _:b663913326 . _:b666238146 "(iff (SpecificallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (forall (t) (if (existsAt a t) (exists (b) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (not (SpatialRegion b)) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [050-003] " . _:b663913301 . _:b663913300 . _:b663520879 . _:b663515915 . _:b663914415 . _:b665861608 . _:b666238836 . _:b663515701 . _:b663913297 . _:b665861538 . _:b666238835 . _:b665861609 . _:b665805624 "VHOG:0001559"^^ . _:b665861539 . _:b666238834 . _:b665863111 . _:b665861536 . _:b666238833 . _:b665863108 . _:b665861537 . _:b663913309 . _:b666238847 . _:b663515704 . _:b663913981 "Spatial region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the union of a spatial point and a spatial line that doesn't overlap the point, or two spatial lines that intersect at a single point. In both cases the resultant spatial region is neither 0-dimensional, 1-dimensional, 2-dimensional, or 3-dimensional."@en . _:b666238156 . _:b665860546 "(iff (RelationalQuality a) (exists (b c t) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (IndependentContinuant c) (qualityOfAt a b t) (qualityOfAt a c t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [057-001] " . _:b663913308 . _:b666238157 . _:b663913307 . _:b663914212 . _:b665861540 . _:b663520955 . _:b666238843 . _:b666238842 . _:b666238153 . _:b666238144 . _:b666238154 . _:b663914209 . _:b666208643 "ISBN:978-3-938793-98-5pp124-158#Thomas Bittner and Barry Smith, 'A Theory of Granular Partitions', in K. Munn and B. Smith (eds.), Applied Ontology: An Introduction, Frankfurt/Lancaster: ontos, 2008, 125-158." . _:b665861373 . _:b663520866 . _:b666238155 . _:b663520896 . _:b663515680 . _:b663913283 . _:b663515805 "b is a continuant fiat boundary = Def. b is an immaterial entity that is of zero, one or two dimensions and does not include a spatial region as part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [029-001])"@en . _:b663520858 . _:b663520942 . _:b663515685 . _:b663520859 . _:b663520943 . _:b663913281 . _:b663520860 . _:b663520733 "Each spatiotemporal region at any time t projects_onto some spatial region at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [099-001])"@en . _:b663520901 . _:b665798640 . _:b665863152 . _:b663520861 . _:b663913295 . _:b663515690 . _:b663520264 "ISBN:978-0521617147 Stevens CE and Hume ID, Comparative physiology of the vertebrate digestive system (2004) p.11"^^ . _:b663520857 . _:b663520848 . _:b663913292 . _:b663515695 . _:b663914229 . _:b665862089 . _:b666238167 . _:b663913290 . _:b663520449 . _:b663913288 . _:b663515924 . _:b666208498 . _:b663520448 . _:b666238163 . _:b663520910 . _:b663520304 "upper intestine"^^ . _:b663520964 . _:b666238152 . _:b665805660 . _:b665863149 . _:b665797739 "For every independent continuant b and time t during the region of time spanned by its life, there are entities which s-depends_on b during t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [018-002])"@en . _:b663515867 . _:b663520847 . _:b663520948 . _:b666209629 "AAO"^^ . _:b665860510 "An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects " . _:b665860511 "An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects " . _:b663520945 . _:b666238151 . _:b663520832 . _:b663913318 . _:b666238909 "b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001])"@en . _:b663913317 . _:b665861534 . _:b663520952 . _:b665861535 . _:b663520953 . _:b663520954 . _:b663913314 . _:b665861533 . _:b663913312 . _:b663515851 . _:b663913327 . _:b663521009 "TAO:0000706"^^ . _:b666209580 "AAO"^^ . _:b663913325 . _:b663515855 . _:b663913322 . _:b666209314 . _:b666209315 . _:b665798678 "intestinum crassum"^^ . _:b663913320 . _:b663516587 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_gastrointestinal_tract" . _:b663520949 . _:b663913239 . _:b663913248 . _:b663520950 . _:b666238128 . _:b663913238 . _:b663520951 . _:b666238097 . _:b663515888 . _:b663520936 . _:b665798537 "(forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [038-001] " . _:b666238096 . _:b665798738 . _:b663520938 . _:b666209412 "(forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [020-002] " . _:b663913234 . _:b663515893 . _:b663913233 . _:b666208774 . _:b663520318 "ISBN:978-0521617147 Stevens CE and Hume ID, Comparative physiology of the vertebrate digestive system (2004) p.11"^^ . _:b663913232 . _:b663520941 . _:b665798757 "The terminal portion of the large intestine between the ileo-pelvic colon and the anus. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663913246 . _:b663515897 . _:b663913245 . _:b663913244 . _:b665798725 . _:b666238107 "(forall (x y t) (if (and (SpatialRegion x) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)) (SpatialRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [036-001] " . _:b665798724 . _:b666209593 "AAO"^^ . _:b665798726 . _:b663520934 . _:b665798721 . _:b663520935 . _:b663913221 . _:b663913220 . _:b665798722 . _:b663913219 . _:b663913218 . _:b663515877 . _:b663515882 . _:b665806310 . _:b663515975 . _:b663516670 . _:b666238186 . _:b663515974 . _:b663913228 . _:b663516671 . _:b666238187 . _:b665805815 "To say that spatiotemporal region s spatially_projects_onto spatial region r at t is to say that r is the spatial extent of s at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [081-003])"@en . _:b663515973 . _:b663913227 . _:b666238091 . _:b665862965 . _:b666238184 . _:b663515972 . _:b666238185 . _:b663515971 . _:b666238093 . _:b663515970 . _:b666238098 . _:b666238092 . _:b663515969 . _:b666238095 . _:b663914333 . _:b663913270 . _:b666238094 . _:b666238935 . _:b665862948 . _:b663913268 . _:b663913267 . _:b665862133 . _:b666238933 . _:b666238932 . _:b663520907 . _:b665862959 . _:b663520908 . _:b663913264 . _:b666238302 "UMLS:C0021853"^^ . _:b663520909 . _:b663515818 "zero dimension continuant fiat boundaries are not spatial points. Considering the example 'the quadripoint where the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona meet' : There are many frames in which that point is zooming through many points in space. Whereas, no matter what the frame, the quadripoint is always in the same relation to the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona."@en . _:b663520805 . _:b663515977 . _:b663913279 . _:b666238929 . _:b663515976 . _:b666238259 . _:b665861396 . _:b663913277 . _:b666238942 . _:b663520897 . _:b665861395 . _:b663520898 . _:b663913274 . _:b666238940 . _:b663520899 . _:b663521044 "ISBN:0815318960"^^ . _:b663913273 . _:b665805513 . _:b665861135 . _:b663520900 . _:b663520817 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathogenic_bacteria" . _:b663913255 . _:b666238937 . _:b663913254 . _:b665861405 . _:b665862819 . _:b665863003 . _:b666238918 . _:b665863088 . _:b666238916 . _:b663521019 . _:b663516796 "UMLS:C0021852"^^ . _:b666238915 . _:b663521020 . _:b665862823 . _:b663913248 . _:b663913263 . _:b665861476 . _:b665863093 . _:b666238912 . _:b665806162 "A material entity is an independent continuant that has some portion of matter as proper or improper continuant part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [019-002])"@en . _:b665861477 . _:b666238927 . _:b663913260 . _:b665862800 . _:b663520958 . _:b663913258 . _:b666238924 . _:b663913257 . _:b666238923 . _:b665798679 . _:b663913256 . _:b663913247 . _:b666238922 . _:b665862796 . _:b663521013 . _:b665797783 "b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b\u2019s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003])"@en . _:b665861484 . _:b665862817 . _:b665861485 . _:b665862903 . _:b665862816 . _:b665861483 . _:b663521002 . _:b663515828 . _:b663521006 . _:b666209534 "AAO"^^ . _:b665861490 . _:b663515839 . _:b665861491 . _:b665861488 . _:b665861489 . _:b665860870 . _:b665861501 . _:b666208675 "(iff (ProcessProfile a) (exists (b) (and (Process b) (processProfileOf a b)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [093-002] " . _:b663519957 "(forall (x) (if (Material Entity x) (exists (t) (and (TemporalRegion t) (existsAt x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [011-002] " . _:b666238942 . _:b666238941 . _:b663520988 . _:b665860873 . _:b666208861 "ncithesaurus:Rectum"^^ . _:b663520990 . _:b665862814 . _:b663520976 . _:b663516570 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infectious_disease" . _:b665798715 . _:b665862815 . _:b663520103 . _:b665860458 "(forall (x t) (if (IndependentContinuant x) (exists (r) (and (SpatialRegion r) (locatedInAt x r t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [134-001] " . _:b665861454 . _:b663515475 . _:b663520981 . _:b665861452 . _:b663515961 . _:b663515962 . _:b665862819 . _:b665861453 . _:b666238871 . _:b663520968 . _:b663515963 . _:b666238870 . _:b663515479 . _:b663520969 . _:b665862823 . _:b663515964 . _:b666238869 . _:b663520970 . _:b663515965 . _:b663515957 . _:b663520310 "UMLS:C0022378"^^ . _:b663515966 . _:b665798708 . _:b665863023 . _:b663515967 . _:b663515482 . _:b663515954 . _:b666238879 . _:b663515955 . _:b666238878 . _:b665861464 "MA"^^ . _:b663515956 . _:b663515958 . _:b665797846 . _:b666238875 . _:b663515484 . _:b665798818 "NCBITaxon:32443"^^ . _:b666238873 . _:b665861594 . _:b663515945 . _:b666238872 . _:b666238395 "The last portion of the digestive system, it extracts water and salt from solid wastes before they are eliminated from the body.[AAO]"^^ . _:b663515946 . _:b663515947 . _:b666238854 . _:b663515948 . _:b663515940 . _:b666238853 . _:b663515949 . _:b665861465 . _:b663515951 . _:b663515936 . _:b665798684 "GOC:GO"^^ . _:b666238849 . _:b663515466 . _:b663515937 . _:b666238848 . _:b665806355 "4"^^ . _:b666238863 . _:b665861977 . _:b663515471 . _:b665861261 . _:b665861978 . _:b666238861 . _:b663515941 . _:b665861262 . _:b666238860 . _:b663515942 . _:b663515950 . _:b666238859 . . . _:b663515506 . _:b663515930 . _:b666238903 . _:b665798867 . _:b666238392 "FMA"^^ . _:b663515931 . _:b665798866 . _:b665861183 . _:b663516020 . _:b663515509 . _:b665798869 . _:b665861272 . _:b666238898 . _:b663515920 . _:b665861273 . _:b663515514 . _:b665861274 . _:b663515921 . _:b663515929 . _:b666238896 . _:b665861275 . _:b663520710 "(forall (x) (iff (Occurrent x) (and (Entity x) (exists (y) (temporalPartOf y x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [079-001] " . _:b663515922 . _:b663515512 . _:b663515923 . _:b666238910 . _:b663515519 . _:b665798850 . _:b663515517 . _:b666238907 . _:b666238877 . _:b663515935 . _:b663515491 . _:b666238876 . _:b663515912 . _:b666238905 . _:b666238862 . _:b666238879 . _:b663515913 . _:b665798872 . _:b665861625 . _:b666238863 . _:b666238878 . _:b663515914 . _:b663515488 . _:b665798875 . _:b666238885 . _:b665861270 . _:b663515493 . _:b665861271 . _:b666238883 . _:b666238882 . _:b663515904 . _:b663515816 "a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary (surface) is a self-connected fiat surface whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [033-001])"@en . _:b663520693 . _:b663913182 . _:b663515497 . _:b663515907 . _:b666238894 . _:b665861309 . _:b663515908 . _:b665861294 . _:b663515502 . _:b665861622 . _:b663515909 . _:b665861293 . _:b666238892 . _:b665798893 . _:b663515910 . _:b663515500 . _:b663515911 . _:b666238889 . _:b665798882 . _:b663516025 . _:b666238888 . _:b665806193 . _:b663516026 . _:b663516028 . _:b663521042 . _:b666238956 . _:b663913552 . _:b663521040 . _:b666238954 . _:b663516031 . _:b665862685 "(forall (x) (if (Material Entity x) (exists (t) (and (TemporalRegion t) (existsAt x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [011-002] " . _:b663521041 . _:b663516805 . _:b666238955 . _:b663516016 . _:b663520051 "b is a process_profile =Def. there is some process c such that b process_profile_of c (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [093-002])"@en . _:b663516806 . _:b665798896 . _:b663913556 . _:b666238953 . _:b666238950 . _:b663516019 . _:b663516027 . _:b666209491 . _:b663521051 . _:b666237845 . _:b666238944 . _:b666237840 . _:b666238945 . _:b663521052 . _:b665861286 "(iff (OneDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [032-001] " . _:b666209514 . _:b663519987 "Each spatiotemporal region at any time t projects_onto some spatial region at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [099-001])"@en . _:b665798784 . _:b663516015 . _:b665861237 . _:b663516001 . _:b665805509 . _:b663516003 . _:b665806233 . _:b665861233 . _:b666208519 . _:b665806327 . _:b666238881 . _:b666238880 . _:b666209324 "(forall (x) (if (Material Entity x) (exists (t) (and (TemporalRegion t) (existsAt x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [011-002] " . _:b666238883 . . _:b666238882 . _:b666238961 . _:b663515994 . _:b663515996 . _:b665861241 . _:b666238925 . _:b665861243 . _:b665861221 . _:b665862285 "proximal intestine"^^ . _:b663520178 "1"^^ . _:b665862057 . _:b665798801 . _:b663914081 . _:b663520177 "1"^^ . _:b663913197 . _:b663520182 "1"^^ . _:b663515989 . _:b663520183 "1"^^ . _:b663515990 . _:b666209507 . _:b665861219 . _:b663913192 . _:b663515991 . _:b665798142 . _:b666238928 . _:b666208512 . _:b666238929 . _:b665798785 . _:b666238913 . _:b663515978 . _:b663515979 . _:b665862284 "ncithesaurus:Duodenum"^^ . _:b663515980 . _:b665860456 "For any independent continuant b and any time t there is some spatial region r such that b is located_in r at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [134-001])"@en . _:b663515981 . _:b665806284 . _:b663913187 . _:b663515982 . _:b663515983 . _:b663515968 . _:b666208708 . _:b666238897 . _:b663521060 . _:b666238935 . _:b666238934 . _:b663521061 . _:b666238934 . _:b665861207 . _:b666238898 . _:b665798845 . _:b665861206 . _:b666238930 . _:b663515603 . _:b665861213 . _:b665861204 . _:b666208871 . _:b663516089 . _:b665861205 . _:b666238930 . _:b663515600 . _:b665861202 . _:b665861208 . _:b663516083 . _:b666238931 . _:b663913421 . _:b665861203 . _:b663516092 . _:b663515606 . _:b663516093 . _:b665861212 . _:b665861201 . _:b663913587 "posterior intestine"^^ . _:b666238890 . _:b663516095 . _:b663516088 . _:b666238932 . _:b663520703 "(forall (x) (if (Material Entity x) (exists (t) (and (TemporalRegion t) (existsAt x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [011-002] " . _:b666238933 . _:b663515609 . _:b665861185 . _:b666208925 "upper intestine"^^ . _:b665806250 . _:b665861184 . _:b663515615 . _:b666208872 . _:b663516084 . _:b666209666 "VHOG:0000052"^^ . _:b665861186 . _:b663516094 . _:b663515612 . _:b663516087 . _:b665861196 . _:b665861194 . _:b665861195 . _:b666209362 . _:b665862104 . _:b663516073 . _:b666209363 . _:b663515585 . _:b663516074 . _:b666238900 . _:b665806387 "ncithesaurus:Colon"^^ . _:b663515591 . _:b666238901 . _:b666238902 . _:b663914251 "intestinum rectum"^^ . _:b666238903 . _:b666238909 . _:b663913420 . _:b663515588 . _:b665861300 . _:b663913421 . _:b663520772 "(forall (x) (if (ThreeDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [040-001] " . _:b663516064 . _:b663913422 . _:b663515594 . _:b663913430 . _:b666208740 . _:b663521064 "ISBN:978-0521617147 Stevens CE and Hume ID, Comparative physiology of the vertebrate digestive system (2004) p.11"^^ . _:b663516065 . _:b663516670 . _:b663913423 . _:b663520088 . _:b666238899 . _:b665861296 . _:b665861298 . _:b663515597 . _:b663516661 . . _:b663515633 . _:b666238895 . _:b665798000 "MA"^^ . _:b663515636 . _:b665861283 . _:b665861285 . _:b666238954 "url:http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec09/ch122/ch122a.html" . _:b663516077 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663913424 . _:b663515640 . _:b666209320 "if b is a material entity, then there is some temporal interval (referred to below as a one-dimensional temporal region) during which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [011-002])"@en . _:b663515647 . _:b663520298 "ISBN:0815318960"^^ . _:b663516053 . _:b663516054 . _:b666238910 . _:b663515644 . _:b663516055 . _:b663516068 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663516040 . _:b665861293 . _:b663515618 . _:b663516041 . _:b666238909 . _:b663516058 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663516042 . _:b666239090 . _:b665798648 . _:b665806336 "DOI:10.1046/j.1525-142x.2000.00076.x Smith DM, Grasty RC, Theodosiou NA, Tabin CJ, Nascone-Yoder NM, Evolutionary relationships between the amphibian, avian, and mammalian stomachs. Evolution and development (2000)"^^ . _:b665798179 . _:b666238901 . _:b663516043 . _:b665861288 . _:b663516044 . _:b665861295 . _:b665805444 . _:b663516036 . . _:b663516045 . _:b663515621 . _:b666238874 . _:b665861268 . _:b663515627 . _:b663516032 . _:b663516033 . . _:b663516034 . _:b663515624 . _:b663516035 . _:b665861265 . _:b663516049 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663515630 . _:b665861462 "Anterior end of the alimentary canal lined with smooth muscle. Bounded anteriorly by a constriction in the pharynx. Bounded posteriorly by and increase in circular and/or longitudinal smooth muscle associated with the stomach.[AAO]"^^ . _:b663516037 . _:b665806324 . _:b665861276 . _:b665862792 . _:b663515539 . _:b663516144 . _:b666238896 . _:b663516153 . _:b663515537 . _:b666239133 "intestinum caecum"^^ . _:b665806321 . _:b666238166 . _:b665862125 . _:b663516156 . _:b663515542 . . _:b665861274 . _:b663516149 . _:b666238164 . . _:b666238837 . _:b665806365 . _:b663520265 "ncithesaurus:Colon"^^ . _:b665861252 . _:b666238839 . _:b665806367 . _:b666238161 . _:b663515546 . _:b663516145 . _:b666238838 . _:b665861254 . _:b665861248 . _:b663913993 "A two-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of two dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [039-001])"@en . _:b666238841 . _:b665805493 . _:b666238840 . _:b663516155 . _:b663516148 . _:b666238843 . _:b665805625 "cecum"^^ . _:b663913346 . _:b665861250 . _:b666238842 . . _:b666238172 . _:b665806372 . _:b663515549 . _:b663913630 . _:b663515708 "Continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example, in an expansion involving bringing in some of Ceuster's other portions of reality, questions are raised as to whether universals are continuants"@en . _:b663516150 . _:b665806373 . . _:b663913625 . _:b665806374 . _:b666238170 . _:b665861261 . _:b665806375 . _:b666238169 . _:b663515522 . _:b663516137 . _:b665861256 . _:b665806368 . _:b665861257 . _:b665861263 . _:b665806369 . _:b663913587 . _:b663516139 . _:b665806370 . _:b666238150 . _:b663515527 . _:b665806371 . . _:b666238844 . _:b663516133 . _:b666238148 . _:b663516142 . _:b665861259 . _:b666208575 "(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (continuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [009-002] " . _:b663515524 . _:b663516143 . _:b666238146 . _:b663516128 . _:b663516129 . _:b665806376 . _:b663515529 . _:b666209442 . _:b663516138 . _:b666238159 . _:b665806377 . _:b666238157 . _:b663515534 . _:b666238196 . _:b663516134 . _:b666238195 . _:b663516023 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663515532 . _:b663516120 . _:b663516112 . _:b663515570 . _:b666238152 . _:b663521010 "ISBN:978-0521617147 Stevens CE and Hume ID, Comparative physiology of the vertebrate digestive system (2004) p.11"^^ . _:b663913286 . _:b665860672 . _:b663516124 . _:b665860673 . _:b663516125 . _:b666238196 . _:b663515573 . _:b663516126 . _:b663516118 . _:b665806535 "diverticulum of gut"^^ . _:b663516127 . _:b663913320 . _:b666238194 . _:b663515579 . _:b663520004 "(forall (x) (if (RealizableEntity x) (and (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (inheresIn x y)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [058-002] " . _:b663913319 . _:b663516113 . _:b663913268 . _:b663913319 . _:b663515576 . _:b663913316 "b process_profile_of c holds when b proper_occurrent_part_of c& there is some proper_occurrent_part d of c which has no parts in common with b & is mutually dependent on b& is such that b, c and d occupy the same temporal region (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [094-005])"@en . _:b663516116 . _:b663913265 . _:b663515582 . _:b663516117 . _:b663913315 . _:b663913267 . _:b663913280 . _:b663516119 . _:b663913266 . _:b663515555 . _:b663913281 . _:b663516104 . _:b663516105 . _:b663516106 . _:b666238183 . _:b663515552 . _:b663913340 . _:b663516107 . _:b663516099 . _:b663913341 . _:b663516108 . _:b666238181 . _:b663515558 . _:b663913338 . _:b663516109 . _:b663515998 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663913339 . _:b663516110 . _:b666209390 "b is an object aggregate means: b is a material entity consisting exactly of a plurality of objects as member_parts at all times at which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [025-004])"@en . _:b665861225 . _:b663516111 . _:b666238178 . _:b665861224 . _:b666238177 . _:b665861227 . _:b666238176 . _:b663515986 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665861226 . _:b663913335 . _:b663515561 . _:b663516098 . _:b666238191 . _:b665861229 . _:b663515567 . _:b665861228 . _:b663516100 . _:b663913294 . _:b663913314 . _:b666238189 . _:b663913330 . _:b665797986 "It appears that the stomach has an ancient origin. The stomach first appears in the fish lineage. The prevertebrate chordates do not have a true stomach, whereas the cartilaginous and bony fish do. Although most fish do have a true stomach, some fish species appear to have lost the stomach secondarily. The remaining vertebrate lineages do have a true stomach (at least in the adult animal), although there is great variation in the size and shape of the stomach.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663913295 . _:b665861230 . _:b666238187 . _:b663515564 . _:b663516103 . _:b663913313 . _:b666238186 . _:b663913329 . _:b663913284 . _:b663913294 . _:b663515697 . _:b663913285 . _:b666238103 . _:b663913286 . _:b665861221 . _:b666238102 . _:b663913287 . _:b666209690 "posterior intestine"^^ . _:b665797770 "If b is a realizable entity then for all t at which b exists, b s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [063-002])"@en . _:b663515700 . _:b666238101 . _:b665861223 . _:b665861222 . _:b666238116 . _:b665861241 . _:b663515703 . _:b665798105 . _:b666238117 . _:b663913460 . _:b666238097 . _:b666238096 . _:b665798006 "MA"^^ . _:b665861242 . _:b663913288 . _:b666238108 . _:b666238107 . _:b665798097 . _:b663515973 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663516931 . _:b663913310 . _:b665798100 . _:b666238087 . _:b665798102 . _:b663520314 . _:b666238131 . _:b666238130 . _:b665861950 . _:b666238133 . _:b665861951 . _:b666238132 . _:b663913235 "Spatial region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the union of a spatial point and a spatial line that doesn't overlap the point, or two spatial lines that intersect at a single point. In both cases the resultant spatial region is neither 0-dimensional, 1-dimensional, 2-dimensional, or 3-dimensional."@en . _:b665861948 . _:b665861942 . _:b665861949 . _:b663520305 . _:b665861947 . _:b663913298 . _:b665861940 . _:b665861941 . _:b665862016 . _:b666238090 . _:b665861649 "diverticulum of gut"^^ . _:b666238089 . _:b665862017 . _:b663515665 . _:b666238088 . _:b665862018 . _:b665862019 . _:b665862020 . _:b665862021 . _:b663914001 "(forall (x t) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (SpatialRegion y) (spatiallyProjectsOntoAt x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [099-001] " . _:b666238133 . _:b663516452 "Entity doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example Werner Ceusters 'portions of reality' include 4 sorts, entities (as BFO construes them), universals, configurations, and relations. It is an open question as to whether entities as construed in BFO will at some point also include these other portions of reality. See, for example, 'How to track absolutely everything' at http://www.referent-tracking.com/_RTU/papers/CeustersICbookRevised.pdf"@en . _:b663515669 . _:b666238132 . _:b663913259 . _:b663913422 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665863100 "FMA:71131"^^ . _:b665863101 "FMA:71131"^^ . _:b666238129 . _:b665805758 . _:b663515673 . _:b663913283 . _:b665862040 . _:b666238143 . _:b663913282 . _:b666238142 . _:b665861310 "A primary bacterial infectious disease that results_in infection located_in intestine, has_material_basis_in Campylobacter jejuni, which is transmitted_by ingestion of contaminated food or water or transmitted_by contact with infected people or animals. The infection has_symptom diarrhea or has_symptom dysentery, has_symptom abdominal cramps and pain, and has_symptom fever." . _:b665797894 . _:b666238139 . _:b665861932 . _:b663516919 . _:b665861931 . . _:b666238137 . _:b663520294 . _:b663515649 . _:b666238136 . _:b665862802 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campylobacteriosis" . _:b665861929 . _:b665862039 . _:b663520281 . _:b666238117 . _:b663913432 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663520282 . _:b665861930 . _:b663520283 . _:b663520739 "(forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [095-001] " . _:b663913275 . _:b663515654 . _:b666238115 . _:b666238114 . _:b663520285 . _:b663913476 . _:b666238113 . _:b666209024 . _:b666238127 . _:b665860848 . _:b666238126 . _:b663520273 . _:b666238125 . _:b663520274 . _:b666238124 . _:b666238123 . _:b663515927 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663914073 "(forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [102-001] " . _:b663520278 . _:b663913229 . _:b665860879 . _:b663516018 "FMA"^^ . _:b663520267 . _:b663913482 . _:b665860876 . _:b666208769 . _:b665798624 . _:b665805667 "ncithesaurus:Small_Intestine"^^ . _:b663515917 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b666208614 "(forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [095-001] " . _:b663520256 . _:b665798046 . _:b665805588 . _:b663913526 "AAO"^^ . _:b663516154 "The pharynx is the part of the digestive system immediately posterior to the mouth[GO]."^^ . _:b665798047 . _:b665805603 "The few structural specializations in (adult lampreys) pharynx include complex valves on the external gill openings that direct the tidal flow, and the division of the ancestral pharynx into an oesophagus and a respiratory pharynx.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663520260 . _:b665860527 "(iff (ProcessBoundary a) (exists (p) (and (Process p) (temporalPartOf a p) (not (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [084-001] " . _:b666208704 . _:b666209049 . _:b663520820 "A primary bacterial infectious disease that results_in infection located_in intestine, has_material_basis_in Campylobacter jejuni, which is transmitted_by ingestion of contaminated food or water or transmitted_by contact with infected people or animals. The infection has_symptom diarrhea or has_symptom dysentery, has_symptom abdominal cramps and pain, and has_symptom fever." . _:b663913315 . _:b665862897 "UMLS:C0021853"^^ . _:b663913318 . _:b663520378 . _:b663520346 . _:b663913223 . _:b663913316 . _:b663520380 . _:b663913222 . _:b663913317 . _:b665862002 . _:b663913225 . _:b663520394 . _:b665862005 . _:b665862003 . _:b663913224 . _:b663520383 . _:b663913227 . _:b665862007 . _:b665805594 . _:b663520368 . _:b663913226 . _:b663520431 . _:b665862000 . _:b663521067 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b663520369 . _:b665860850 . _:b663913477 "AAO"^^ . _:b663521066 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b663520370 . _:b663913228 . _:b663520391 . _:b663521068 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b665860597 . . _:b665860855 . _:b665862014 . _:b663520375 . _:b666208836 "We restrict this to the vertebrate specific structure - see the grouping class 'food storage organ' for analogous structures in other species. Teleosts: Zebrafish is functionally stomach-less, but may retain ontogenic footprint. Although the precise shape and size of the stomach varies widely among different vertebrates, the relative positions of the oesophageal and duodenal openings remain relatively constant. As a result, the organ always curves somewhat to the left before curving back to meet the pyloric sphincter. However, lampreys, hagfishes, chimaeras, lungfishes, and some teleost fish have no stomach at all, with the oesophagus opening directly into the intestine. The gastric lining is usually divided into two regions, an anterior portion lined by fundic glands, and a posterior with pyloric glands. Cardiac glands are unique to mammals, and even then are absent in a number of species. The distributions of these glands vary between species, and do not always correspond with the same regions as in man. Furthermore, in many non-human mammals, a portion of the stomach anterior to the cardiac glands is lined with epithelium essentially identical to that of the oesophagus. Ruminants, in particular, have a complex stomach, the first three chambers of which are all lined with oesophageal mucosa"^^ . _:b665798835 "ISBN:0-683-40008-8"^^ . _:b663520360 . _:b663520361 . _:b665862009 . _:b665863049 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b665863048 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b663520408 . _:b665862011 . _:b665863050 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b663520365 . _:b665861989 . _:b665860913 . _:b663520366 . _:b663520405 . _:b663520354 . _:b665863175 "2024-09-28T14:48:20.299442"^^ . _:b665861987 . _:b665862740 "Specifically dependent continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. We're not sure what else will develop here, but for example there are questions such as what are promises, obligation, etc."@en . _:b665861994 . _:b665861996 . _:b665862142 . _:b663520357 . _:b665797811 "(forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [103-001] " . _:b665860922 . _:b663913490 "AAO"^^ . _:b665861998 . _:b665806264 . _:b665862141 . _:b663520344 . _:b663520345 . _:b663520350 . _:b663519900 . _:b663520351 . _:b663520336 . _:b663520339 . _:b663520341 . _:b663515832 . _:b663516812 "cjm"^^ . _:b665861983 . _:b663515826 . _:b665806176 "(iff (ProcessProfile a) (exists (b) (and (Process b) (processProfileOf a b)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [093-002] " . _:b663520698 "if b is a continuant and if, for some t, cis continuant_part of b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [009-002])"@en . _:b665798765 "UMLS:C0007531"^^ . _:b666208758 . _:b663515838 . _:b665861979 . _:b665861953 . _:b665861959 . _:b663520403 . _:b663515827 . _:b665861958 . _:b663520349 . _:b665798756 "ISBN:0-683-40008-8"^^ . _:b665861954 . _:b663515837 . _:b663516802 "cjm"^^ . _:b663515831 . _:b665861965 . _:b665806440 "VHOG:0000647"^^ . _:b665861967 . _:b665862793 "A bacterial infectious disease that results_in infection by bacteria as a result of their presence or activity within the normal, healthy host, and their intrinsic virulence is, in part, a necessary consequence of their need to reproduce and spread." . _:b663516076 "ISBN:0-683-40008-8"^^ . _:b663913335 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathogenic_bacteria" . _:b665861952 . _:b666238358 . _:b665861399 . _:b663516821 "cjm"^^ . _:b665860627 . _:b666209534 "Portion of the alimentary canal bounded anteriorly by the pyloric sphincter and posteriorly by the cloacal sphincter.[AAO]"^^ . _:b663520401 . _:b663520402 . . _:b666208763 . _:b663520434 . _:b663520425 . _:b663520914 "VHOG:0000056"^^ . _:b663520426 . _:b663516878 . _:b666208603 "(forall (x) (if (TemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [100-001] " . _:b663520428 . _:b663516876 . _:b665805323 . _:b663516877 . _:b663520437 . _:b663520416 . _:b663520419 . _:b665805324 . _:b666208746 . _:b663913363 . _:b663520389 . _:b663520409 . _:b665798025 "blindgut"^^ . _:b663520410 . _:b663520411 . _:b665862002 "An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects " . _:b665861955 "All continuant parts of spatial regions are spatial regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [036-001])"@en . _:b665862003 "An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects " . _:b663520386 . _:b666209615 "caecum"^^ . _:b665798547 . _:b663520414 . _:b663520334 . _:b665862039 . _:b665862034 . _:b663520352 . _:b665862044 . _:b663515896 . _:b665862046 . _:b665862041 . _:b663515890 . _:b663520347 . _:b663515899 . _:b663515900 . _:b663515901 . _:b665862042 . _:b663515902 . _:b665862020 . _:b663515895 . _:b663520397 . _:b665862022 . _:b665805533 "A subdivision of the digestive tract that connects the small intestine to the cloaca or anus. Lacks or has few villi[Kardong]."^^ . _:b663520384 . _:b663515891 . _:b663515892 . _:b665861301 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infectious_disease" . _:b663516738 "cjm"^^ . _:b663515903 . _:b665797761 "Every spatiotemporal region s is such that s occupies_spatiotemporal_region s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [107-002])"@en . _:b663515881 . _:b666208850 "ncithesaurus:Esophagus"^^ . _:b665862031 . _:b666238388 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b663520269 . _:b666238915 "(forall (x) (if (ProcessBoundary x) (exists (y) (and (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion y) (occupiesTemporalRegion x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [085-002] " . _:b663515875 . _:b663515884 . _:b663515885 . _:b666238385 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b663913567 "BTO:0000365"^^ . _:b663516763 "cjm"^^ . _:b665862029 . _:b663515887 . _:b666238387 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b663515872 . _:b666238386 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b663515880 . _:b663520266 . _:b663515873 . _:b663515874 . _:b663520296 . _:b663515876 . _:b663913568 "BTO:0000365"^^ . _:b665861967 . _:b665797924 . _:b663913226 "b is an occurrent entity iff b is an entity that has temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [079-001])"@en . _:b663515886 . _:b663515879 . _:b665860656 . _:b665805974 . _:b663515865 . _:b663515866 . _:b663520284 . _:b665797861 . _:b663520306 . _:b663515869 . _:b663515870 . _:b665798660 . _:b663515871 . _:b665805983 . _:b663516812 . _:b665861976 . _:b663515864 . _:b666238812 . _:b663515857 . _:b663515858 . _:b663515859 . _:b663515860 . _:b663515861 . _:b663520315 . _:b663516802 . _:b666238360 "DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1996.tb01658.x Mallatt J, Ventilation and the origin of jawed vertebrates: a new mouth. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (1996)"^^ . _:b666238533 . _:b663515862 . _:b665805956 . _:b663520272 . _:b665861969 . _:b663515863 . _:b666238807 . _:b665861968 . _:b663515848 . _:b665860641 . _:b665861971 . _:b666238528 . _:b665861970 . _:b663515850 . _:b666238802 . _:b665861973 . _:b663520257 . _:b663521037 "ncithesaurus:Small_Intestine"^^ . _:b665861972 . _:b663516792 "cjm"^^ . _:b665861975 . _:b665805965 . _:b665861974 . _:b663515854 . _:b663520239 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663515849 . _:b666238797 . _:b663515842 . _:b663515843 . . _:b665860650 "intestinum crassum"^^ . _:b663515844 . _:b663515845 . _:b663520227 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665805789 "FBbt:00100316"^^ . _:b663515853 . _:b663515846 . _:b663516821 . _:b665862364 . _:b663515847 . _:b666238239 . _:b665797902 . _:b665861987 . _:b665862881 . _:b663516581 "url:http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf" . _:b666238545 . _:b665861988 . _:b663515997 "ISBN:0-683-40008-8"^^ . _:b665806002 . _:b663520276 . _:b665860490 "(forall (x) (if (Disposition x) (and (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (bearerOfAt x y t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [062-002] " . _:b665862008 . _:b666208841 . _:b666238504 . _:b665805673 "3"^^ . _:b665806194 . _:b666239129 "caeca"^^ . _:b663520263 "TAO:0000706"^^ . _:b665806190 . _:b663520286 . _:b663520214 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663516449 . _:b665798143 . _:b663520251 "ceca"^^ . _:b663516792 . _:b665805683 "3"^^ . _:b665862007 . _:b665861311 "A gastrointestinal system infectious disease that involves inflammation of the lining of the stomach and small and large intestines, which is caused by viruses, bacteria, or parasites. Chemicals and drugs also cause gastroenteritis. The symptoms include diarrhea, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, cramps, and discomfort in the abdomen." . _:b666208888 . _:b665805692 "3"^^ . _:b663520202 . _:b663520232 . _:b665805992 . _:b663520196 . _:b663520197 . _:b663520199 . _:b665806039 . _:b663516716 "cjm"^^ . _:b665805602 "AAO:0000145"^^ . _:b665806035 . _:b663913252 "Each spatiotemporal region projects_onto some temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [098-001])"@en . _:b665860861 . _:b663516715 "cjm"^^ . _:b665805634 "3"^^ . _:b665798089 . _:b663515918 "ncithesaurus:Large_Intestine"^^ . _:b666208887 . _:b663516443 . _:b666209265 . _:b663516206 "2024-07-19T22:56:49.685057"^^ . _:b663516738 . _:b663516446 . _:b665861219 "A two-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of two dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [039-001])"@en . _:b665862218 . _:b665798080 . _:b665862216 . _:b665806016 . _:b665862222 . _:b665806019 . _:b663516419 . _:b665862223 . _:b663516763 . _:b665862220 . _:b665861674 . _:b663914027 "(forall (x) (if (FiatObjectPart x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y) (and (Object y) (properContinuantPartOfAt x y t)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [027-004] " . _:b665862221 . _:b663520168 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665861675 . _:b665806031 . _:b663520995 "FMA:14541"^^ . _:b663520201 . _:b665862215 . _:b665806068 . _:b663914272 "AAO"^^ . _:b663516946 . _:b665806530 . _:b665806065 . _:b663520209 . _:b665798060 . _:b663520194 . _:b663516715 . _:b666208782 . _:b663520158 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665862354 . . _:b665862355 . . . . _:b665862353 . . . _:b663520221 . _:b666238445 "mid-intestine"^^ . . _:b663520219 . . _:b663516825 "distal intestine"^^ . _:b663515812 "(forall (x y) (if (processProfileOf x y) (and (properContinuantPartOf x y) (exists (z t) (and (properOccurrentPartOf z y) (TemporalRegion t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion y t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion z t) (not (exists (w) (and (occurrentPartOf w x) (occurrentPartOf w z))))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [094-005] " . _:b665862354 "FMA:71131"^^ . _:b665862355 "FMA:71131"^^ . _:b666208829 . _:b663516934 . _:b666208828 . _:b663520164 . _:b663520120 . _:b666208825 . _:b665806062 . _:b666208824 . _:b666208827 . _:b665798070 . _:b665798557 "(forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [103-001] " . _:b663516731 "Anterior end of the alimentary canal lined with smooth muscle. Bounded anteriorly by a constriction in the pharynx. Bounded posteriorly by and increase in circular and/or longitudinal smooth muscle associated with the stomach.[AAO]"^^ . _:b663520112 . _:b663520113 . _:b663520114 . _:b666239178 "The fixed portion of the small intestine deeply lodged in the posterior wall of the abdomen and extending from the pylorus to the beginning of the jejunum. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663520115 . _:b663516663 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663516940 . _:b666209389 "ISBN:978-3-938793-98-5pp124-158#Thomas Bittner and Barry Smith, 'A Theory of Granular Partitions', in K. Munn and B. Smith (eds.), Applied Ontology: An Introduction, Frankfurt/Lancaster: ontos, 2008, 125-158." . _:b663913969 . _:b663914071 . _:b666208811 . _:b663913968 . _:b663913971 . _:b663913970 . _:b663914068 . _:b666208818 . _:b663520111 . _:b663913973 . _:b663913972 . _:b665862724 . _:b665805845 . _:b663914066 . _:b665862342 . _:b663913974 . _:b663914064 . . _:b663516013 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b665798060 . _:b665862347 . _:b663516012 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b665805842 . _:b665862723 . _:b666238880 "To say that b is a realizable entity is to say that b is a specifically dependent continuant that inheres in some independent continuant which is not a spatial region and is of a type instances of which are realized in processes of a correlated type. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [058-002])"@en . _:b663516014 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b663914073 . _:b665860485 . _:b663520101 . _:b665805838 . _:b665860486 . _:b663914055 . _:b663516716 . _:b663516011 "BTO:0000166"^^ . _:b663520102 . _:b665798017 . _:b663914054 . _:b663914053 . _:b663913435 . _:b665805837 . _:b665862803 . _:b663914223 "AAO"^^ . _:b663914049 . _:b665860751 . _:b663914063 . _:b665797932 "intestinum crassum"^^ . _:b663913975 . _:b665805832 . _:b663520086 . _:b665862362 . _:b663914060 . _:b666208972 . _:b663914058 . _:b663520073 . _:b665805876 . _:b666208975 . _:b665798064 . _:b663520079 . _:b663516600 . _:b666238580 . _:b665798033 . _:b665862279 . _:b665862365 . _:b663914236 "AAO"^^ . _:b665862782 "(iff (ProcessProfile a) (exists (b) (and (Process b) (processProfileOf a b)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [093-002] " . _:b663516603 . _:b663516595 . _:b663520083 . _:b663516604 . _:b666239182 "proximal intestine"^^ . _:b665860565 . _:b665797997 . _:b663516605 . _:b663516606 . _:b665862298 . _:b663516607 . _:b663516599 . _:b666209258 . _:b666208969 . _:b663914228 . _:b663516592 . _:b665805886 . _:b663520150 . _:b663516593 . _:b665805881 . _:b665863030 "ncithesaurus:Duodenum"^^ . _:b666208978 . _:b663516594 . _:b665798011 "The terminal portion of the large intestine between the ileo-pelvic colon and the anus. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b666208985 . _:b666208970 . _:b665862289 . _:b665806088 "For any independent continuant b and any time t there is some spatial region r such that b is located_in r at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [134-001])"@en . _:b663516596 . _:b663519703 . _:b663520155 . _:b663519702 . _:b665797984 . _:b663516584 . _:b663519945 . _:b666208996 . _:b663516588 . _:b663520741 . _:b663516589 . _:b666209244 . _:b665806527 . _:b665798010 . _:b663520742 . _:b663914073 . _:b665797980 . _:b663516590 . _:b663520188 . _:b666208999 . _:b665861997 "(forall (x) (if (Role x) (RealizableEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [061-001] " . _:b663516591 . _:b663914072 . _:b663516583 . _:b663520189 . _:b665797815 "(forall (x) (if (MaterialEntity x) (IndependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [019-002] " . _:b663519942 . _:b663520190 . _:b663516577 . _:b665797976 . _:b663516578 . _:b665797979 . _:b665797978 . _:b665862240 . _:b663519939 . _:b665797975 . _:b665805911 . _:b663914177 "AAO"^^ . _:b665861256 "An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects " . _:b666209068 "2024-10-10T19:03:47.780978"^^ . _:b665797962 . _:b663914006 . _:b665861257 "An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects " . _:b665797969 . _:b663914222 . _:b663914004 . _:b665805907 . _:b663913450 . _:b663914003 . _:b663516573 . _:b663914002 . _:b663914001 . _:b663914000 . _:b665862269 . _:b663914014 . _:b666208649 "(forall (x) (if (Site x) (ImmaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [034-002] " . _:b665798780 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b665860728 . _:b663914013 . _:b663520161 . _:b663516572 . _:b666209023 . _:b663520162 . _:b663914010 . _:b663520163 . _:b665861241 "A zero-dimensional spatial region is a point in space. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [037-001])"@en . _:b663515718 "Simons uses different terminology for relations of occurrents to regions: Denote the spatio-temporal location of a given occurrent e by 'spn[e]' and call this region its span. We may say an occurrent is at its span, in any larger region, and covers any smaller region. Now suppose we have fixed a frame of reference so that we can speak not merely of spatio-temporal but also of spatial regions (places) and temporal regions (times). The spread of an occurrent, (relative to a frame of reference) is the space it exactly occupies, and its spell is likewise the time it exactly occupies. We write 'spr[e]' and `spl[e]' respectively for the spread and spell of e, omitting mention of the frame." . _:b663914009 . _:b663516767 "UBERON:0001155"^^ . _:b663913991 . _:b663913990 . _:b665806213 . _:b663520152 . _:b665805891 . _:b665862962 "MA"^^ . _:b663520153 . _:b663520154 . _:b665805901 . _:b663515841 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_gastrointestinal_tract" . _:b663914301 "UMLS:C0021852"^^ . _:b663519994 "(forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (TemporalRegion y) (temporallyProjectsOnto x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [098-001] " . _:b665806314 . _:b663913985 . _:b665806334 . _:b663913984 . _:b666208568 . _:b665806384 "AAO:0010400"^^ . _:b665806217 . _:b666208569 . _:b665861674 . _:b663913711 . _:b665861675 . _:b665805896 . _:b665806317 . _:b663913994 . _:b663520059 . _:b663520148 . . _:b663913992 . _:b663520149 . _:b666208904 . _:b663914038 . _:b665862215 . _:b663520151 . _:b665862151 "UMLS:C0021853"^^ . _:b663516666 . _:b665806213 . _:b663516667 . _:b663914036 . _:b666209428 "(iff (ZeroDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [031-001] " . _:b663516668 . _:b665805938 . _:b663516669 . _:b665798744 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b663914034 . _:b665806217 . _:b663516656 . _:b663914047 . _:b665797929 . _:b663516657 . _:b663914046 . _:b663913993 . _:b665797992 . _:b663516658 . _:b663913994 . _:b663515926 "AAO:0000246"^^ . _:b663516659 . _:b665805947 . _:b663516660 . _:b663914043 . _:b663520133 . _:b665806211 . _:b663914041 . _:b665861649 . _:b665806210 . _:b665806209 . _:b663516648 . _:b663914023 . _:b665806138 "b is a fiat object part = Def. b is a material entity which is such that for all times t, if b exists at t then there is some object c such that b proper continuant_part of c at t and c is demarcated from the remainder of c by a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [027-004])"@en . _:b663516641 . _:b665806208 . _:b663516650 . _:b665805920 . _:b663914020 . _:b663914019 . _:b665798731 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b666208702 . _:b663516653 . _:b666208948 . _:b663516654 . _:b663516655 . _:b663914016 . _:b666208720 . _:b665805929 . _:b663516649 . _:b663516642 . _:b665806297 . _:b663914029 . _:b663914027 . _:b666209421 "(iff (ProcessProfile a) (exists (b) (and (Process b) (processProfileOf a b)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [093-002] " . _:b663521011 "ncithesaurus:Colon"^^ . _:b663520242 . _:b663516645 . _:b665797938 . _:b663516646 . _:b666208869 "caecum"^^ . _:b663914025 . _:b663520244 . _:b663516647 . _:b665805934 . _:b666208691 . _:b665805939 . _:b666208953 . _:b663516633 . _:b665805923 . _:b663516626 . _:b665805942 . _:b665805931 . _:b663516637 . _:b663520235 . . _:b663516638 . _:b665805925 . _:b665805927 . _:b663516632 . _:b665805932 . _:b665805951 . _:b663516625 . _:b665862955 "VHOG:0000450"^^ . _:b665798601 . _:b663520224 . _:b663520821 . _:b663516627 . _:b665805922 . _:b665805948 . _:b663516636 . _:b665862192 . _:b665805928 . _:b665805921 . _:b663516630 . _:b665805949 . _:b663516631 . _:b665806215 . _:b665805941 . _:b663516616 . _:b665862714 "All parts of spatiotemporal regions are spatiotemporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [096-001])"@en . _:b663520230 . _:b663516617 . _:b665805945 . _:b663520679 . _:b663516618 . _:b663516610 . _:b665805924 . _:b663516619 . _:b665805937 . _:b665798092 "distal intestine"^^ . _:b663516620 . _:b666209606 "VHOG:0001751"^^ . _:b663520674 . _:b665797663 . _:b665805940 . _:b663516622 . _:b665862663 "100.0"^^ . _:b665805950 . _:b665862753 "A three-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of three dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [040-001])"@en . _:b665805930 . _:b663520669 . _:b663516608 . _:b665798831 "BTO:0000657"^^ . _:b663520222 . _:b665805943 . _:b663516609 . _:b665862658 "100.0"^^ . _:b663520223 . _:b665805936 . _:b665805933 . _:b665798829 "BTO:0000657"^^ . _:b665805946 . _:b663520208 . _:b663520664 . _:b663516611 . _:b665806219 . . . _:b665862885 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . . _:b663516612 . _:b663520002 "All realizable dependent continuants have independent continuants that are not spatial regions as their bearers. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [060-002])"@en . _:b665860501 "b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b\u2019s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003])"@en . _:b663516621 . _:b665862147 . _:b665805895 . _:b663516615 . _:b665805893 . _:b665798487 . _:b665798486 . _:b665805890 . _:b663516211 . _:b665805897 . _:b665797649 . _:b665860809 "ncithesaurus:Ileum"^^ . _:b665798072 "NCBITaxon:32443"^^ . _:b665805888 . _:b665797933 . _:b663520203 . _:b665805903 . _:b665798482 . _:b665805912 . _:b663520204 . _:b665798501 . _:b665798481 . _:b665805915 . _:b665798502 . _:b663520205 . _:b665805892 . _:b663516216 . _:b665805900 . _:b665806410 "Subdivision of digestive tract that connects the stomach to the large intestine and is where much of the digestion and absorption of food takes place (with the exception of ruminants). The mammalian small intestine is long and coiled and can be differentiated histologically into: duodenum, jejunem, ileum[WP,cjm,Kardong]."^^ . _:b663520206 . _:b666238506 "subdivision of alimentary system"^^ . _:b663516750 . _:b663520207 . _:b665798685 "2012-06-20"^^ . _:b663520192 . _:b665805898 . _:b665798493 . _:b663913972 "b is an occurrent entity iff b is an entity that has temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [079-001])"@en . _:b665798492 . _:b663520195 . _:b665805916 . _:b665805910 . _:b665805918 . _:b663516192 . _:b665798488 . _:b665861535 "VHOG:0000052"^^ . _:b665805906 . _:b665805913 . _:b665805909 . _:b665805919 . _:b665797791 . _:b665797790 . _:b665798592 . _:b663516193 . _:b665805905 . _:b663515739 "(forall (r) (if (TemporalRegion r) (occupiesTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [119-002] " . _:b665805914 . _:b665798099 . _:b665805902 . _:b663516196 . _:b666238360 "VHOG:0000450"^^ . _:b665860495 . _:b665805871 . _:b665798475 . _:b665798474 . _:b665860481 . _:b665860715 . _:b665798473 . _:b665805856 . _:b665860480 . _:b665805873 . _:b663516184 . _:b665798472 . _:b665860483 . _:b665862968 . _:b663516185 . _:b665805867 . _:b665860482 . _:b665805859 . _:b665797838 . _:b665862969 . _:b665798518 . _:b665805863 . _:b665798104 . _:b663516784 . _:b663516187 . _:b663516179 . _:b665805860 . _:b665798517 . _:b665860484 . _:b665797837 . _:b663516190 . _:b665805869 . _:b665805862 . _:b665798514 . _:b665862962 . _:b663516191 . _:b665798512 . _:b665805868 . _:b663521065 "UMLS:C0020885"^^ . _:b665798527 . _:b665862961 . _:b663520221 . _:b665805865 . _:b665805858 . _:b663516178 . _:b663516186 . _:b663520914 "The tract of the alimentary canal. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665862966 . _:b665862967 . _:b663516180 . _:b665798524 . _:b665797828 . _:b665805887 . _:b665862964 . _:b665797827 . _:b665798522 . _:b665797776 . _:b665797823 . _:b665805878 . _:b665797827 . _:b663520224 . _:b663516183 . _:b665798521 . _:b665860496 . _:b665805857 . _:b663516168 . _:b663516169 . _:b665805872 . _:b665797773 . _:b665805875 . _:b665797854 . _:b663516170 . _:b663520231 . _:b666238350 "gaster"^^ . _:b665798502 . _:b663520230 . _:b665797775 . _:b663516163 . _:b663516775 . _:b665805882 . _:b665805861 . _:b665797774 . _:b665798500 . _:b665805866 . _:b663516173 . _:b665798499 . _:b665797859 . _:b663520235 . _:b665805877 . _:b665798498 . _:b663520020 "An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects " . _:b665805864 . _:b663516175 . _:b663520021 "An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects " . _:b665805885 . _:b665797848 . _:b663516160 . _:b663520043 "(forall (x) (if (MaterialEntity x) (IndependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [019-002] " . _:b665797849 . _:b665805870 . _:b663516161 . _:b663520232 . _:b665798511 . _:b665805883 . _:b665797846 . _:b665798643 . _:b663516162 . _:b665798510 . _:b665797847 . _:b665798509 . _:b665860524 . _:b663516164 . _:b663520237 . _:b665805880 . _:b665860525 . _:b665798508 . _:b665860526 . _:b665805831 . _:b665805843 . _:b663520209 . _:b665860527 . _:b663516174 . _:b665797843 . _:b663516167 . _:b665798126 . _:b663516272 . _:b665805846 . _:b663516689 . _:b663913943 . _:b665797822 . _:b665797806 . _:b665797796 . _:b665860515 . _:b665860516 . _:b666238119 "All parts of spatiotemporal regions are spatiotemporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [096-001])"@en . _:b665805835 . _:b665798123 . _:b665797821 . _:b663913938 . _:b663516277 . _:b665797802 . _:b665797792 . _:b665806489 . _:b665797793 . _:b665805848 . _:b665797794 . _:b665805836 . _:b663516698 . _:b665805830 . _:b665797795 . _:b665798121 . _:b665806456 . _:b665798120 . _:b665805855 . _:b665798129 . _:b663516282 . _:b665798136 . _:b665805852 . _:b663913933 . _:b663520874 . _:b663913928 . _:b665860528 . _:b665805853 . _:b663516287 . _:b665860529 . _:b665860633 . _:b663516257 . _:b665797826 . _:b665805847 . _:b665861982 "(forall (x) (if (Disposition x) (and (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (bearerOfAt x y t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [062-002] " . _:b665797823 . _:b665805849 . _:b665797824 . _:b665805841 . _:b665797788 . _:b665797825 . _:b663516678 . _:b665797789 . _:b665797818 . _:b665805851 . _:b663516262 . . _:b665860466 . _:b665805844 . _:b665805544 "VHOG:0000056"^^ . _:b665805854 . _:b663520244 . _:b665805839 . _:b665805850 . _:b663516267 . _:b665805840 . _:b665860467 . _:b663516684 . _:b665860547 . _:b663520242 . _:b665798039 . _:b663914333 "posterior intestine"^^ . _:b663520141 . _:b665860473 . _:b663520306 . _:b665860548 . _:b663516173 . _:b665860475 . _:b663520305 . _:b665797794 . _:b665860460 . _:b665860448 . _:b663519947 . _:b665860449 . _:b665797767 . _:b665860458 . _:b663913505 "intestinum rectum"^^ . _:b665860459 . _:b663520323 "posterior intestine"^^ . _:b665798038 . _:b665860612 . _:b663520314 . _:b665860456 . _:b665860450 . _:b663520315 . _:b665860457 . _:b663913446 . _:b663913447 . _:b665860455 . _:b665860462 . _:b666209022 . _:b666209023 . _:b663516705 . _:b666209020 . _:b666209021 . _:b666209018 . _:b666209019 . _:b666209016 . _:b666209017 . _:b666209014 . _:b666209015 . _:b666209012 . _:b666209013 . _:b665861255 "(forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [038-001] " . _:b666209010 . _:b666209011 . _:b666209008 . _:b666209009 . _:b666209006 . _:b666209007 . _:b666209004 . _:b666209005 . _:b665860461 . _:b666209002 . _:b666209003 . _:b666209000 . _:b666238134 "To say that b is a realizable entity is to say that b is a specifically dependent continuant that inheres in some independent continuant which is not a spatial region and is of a type instances of which are realized in processes of a correlated type. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [058-002])"@en . _:b666209001 . _:b666208998 . _:b666208999 . _:b666208996 . _:b665798055 . _:b666208997 . _:b666208994 . _:b666208995 . _:b663516579 "A primary bacterial infectious disease that results_in infection located_in intestine, has_material_basis_in Campylobacter jejuni, which is transmitted_by ingestion of contaminated food or water or transmitted_by contact with infected people or animals. The infection has_symptom diarrhea or has_symptom dysentery, has_symptom abdominal cramps and pain, and has_symptom fever." . _:b663520294 . _:b666208992 . _:b666208993 . _:b665860438 . _:b666208990 . _:b665797802 . _:b666208991 . _:b666208988 . _:b663520295 . _:b666208989 . _:b666208986 . _:b665797803 . _:b666208987 . _:b666208984 . _:b665797783 . _:b666208985 . _:b666208982 . _:b666208983 . _:b666208980 . _:b666208981 . _:b665860439 . _:b666208978 . _:b666208979 . _:b666208976 . _:b666208977 . _:b666208974 . _:b666208975 . _:b666208972 . _:b665806029 . _:b666208973 . _:b665860437 . _:b666208970 . _:b666208971 . _:b666208968 . _:b663520296 . _:b666208969 . _:b666208966 . _:b666208967 . _:b666208964 . _:b666208965 . _:b666208962 . _:b663516336 . _:b666208963 . _:b666208960 . _:b666208961 . _:b666208958 . _:b666208959 . _:b663516881 . _:b666208956 . _:b666208957 . _:b666208954 . _:b666208955 . _:b665806018 . _:b663913676 . _:b666208952 . _:b666208953 . _:b665860440 . _:b666208950 . _:b666208951 . _:b666208948 . _:b666208949 . _:b663520034 "p is a process boundary =Def. p is a temporal part of a process & p has no proper temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [084-001])"@en . _:b666208946 . _:b666208947 . _:b663516886 . _:b666208944 . _:b666208945 . _:b665805638 "The last portion of the digestive system, it extracts water and salt from solid wastes before they are eliminated from the body.[AAO]"^^ . _:b666208942 . _:b663520155 . _:b666208943 . _:b666208940 . _:b666208941 . _:b666208938 . _:b663520154 . _:b665806030 . _:b666208939 . _:b666208936 . _:b666208937 . _:b666208934 . _:b666208935 . _:b666208932 . _:b666208933 . _:b666208930 . _:b666208931 . _:b666208928 . _:b665797737 . _:b666208929 . _:b666208926 . _:b663516345 . _:b666208927 . _:b666208924 . _:b665862216 "MA"^^ . _:b666208925 . _:b666208922 . _:b666208923 . _:b666208920 . _:b666208921 . _:b666208918 . _:b666208919 . _:b666208916 . _:b666208917 . _:b666239036 "A subdivision of the digestive tract that connects the small intestine to the cloaca or anus. Lacks or has few villi[Kardong]."^^ . _:b666208914 . _:b666208915 . _:b665806341 . _:b666208912 . _:b666208913 . _:b666208910 . _:b666208911 . _:b666208908 . _:b666208909 . _:b666208906 . _:b665861418 . _:b666208907 . _:b665806038 . _:b663516892 . _:b666208904 . _:b663913664 . _:b666208905 . _:b666208902 . _:b665861419 . _:b666208903 . _:b663516867 . _:b666208900 . _:b666208901 . _:b666208898 . _:b666208899 . _:b663516004 "A pouch in the digestive tract that connects the ileum with the ascending colon of the large intestine. It is separated from the ileum by the ileocecal valve, and is the beginning of the large intestine. It is also separated from the colon by the cecocolic junction."^^ . _:b666208896 . _:b666208897 . _:b666208732 . _:b665860647 . _:b666208894 . _:b666208895 . _:b666208892 . _:b666208893 . _:b666208890 . _:b666208891 . _:b665806034 . _:b666208888 . _:b666208889 . _:b665797731 . _:b666208886 . _:b666208887 . _:b666208884 . _:b666208885 . _:b665797730 . _:b666208882 . _:b666208883 . _:b666208880 . _:b666208881 . _:b665797733 . _:b666208878 . _:b666208879 . _:b666208876 . _:b665806037 . _:b666208877 . _:b665797732 . _:b666208874 . _:b666208875 . _:b666208872 . _:b666208873 . _:b666239261 . _:b665797735 . _:b666208870 . _:b663516327 . _:b666208871 . _:b666208868 . _:b666208869 . _:b665797734 . _:b666208866 . _:b666208867 . _:b666208864 . _:b666208865 . _:b666208862 . _:b666208863 . _:b666208860 . _:b665806033 . _:b666208861 . _:b665797736 . _:b666208858 . _:b666208859 . _:b666208856 . _:b666208857 . _:b665860528 . _:b666208854 . _:b666208855 . _:b666208852 . _:b666208853 . _:b666208850 . _:b666208851 . _:b666208848 . _:b666208849 . _:b665860530 . _:b666208846 . _:b666208847 . _:b665805991 . _:b666208844 . _:b666208845 . _:b666208842 . _:b666208843 . _:b665806003 . _:b666208840 . _:b666208841 . _:b666208838 . _:b666208839 . _:b665805997 . _:b666208836 . _:b666208837 . _:b666208834 . _:b666208835 . _:b666208832 . _:b666208833 . _:b665860542 . _:b666208830 . _:b666208831 . _:b666208828 . _:b666239248 . _:b666208829 . _:b665860537 . _:b666208826 . _:b666208827 . _:b665806007 . _:b665805994 . _:b666208824 . _:b665805986 . _:b666208825 . _:b666208822 . _:b665806004 . _:b666208823 . _:b665798212 . _:b665861987 "A zero-dimensional spatial region is a point in space. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [037-001])"@en . _:b666208820 . _:b666208821 . _:b666208818 . _:b665805590 "DOI:10.1046/j.1525-142x.2000.00076.x Smith DM, Grasty RC, Theodosiou NA, Tabin CJ, Nascone-Yoder NM, Evolutionary relationships between the amphibian, avian, and mammalian stomachs. Evolution and development (2000)"^^ . _:b666208819 . _:b666208816 . _:b666208817 . _:b666208814 . _:b666238284 . _:b663516309 . _:b665806010 . _:b666208815 . _:b666208812 . _:b666208813 . _:b665860539 . _:b665806011 . _:b666208810 . _:b666208811 . _:b666208808 . _:b666208809 . _:b665805990 . _:b666208806 . _:b665806008 . _:b666208807 . _:b666208804 . _:b666208805 . _:b665860517 . _:b665805988 . _:b666208802 . _:b666208803 . _:b666209441 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campylobacteriosis" . _:b663516922 . _:b666208800 . _:b666208801 . _:b666208798 . _:b663520164 . _:b665861483 "ncithesaurus:Cecum"^^ . _:b666208799 . _:b666208796 . _:b665805995 . _:b666208797 . _:b665860519 . _:b666208794 . _:b666208795 . _:b666208792 . _:b666208793 . _:b666208790 . _:b665805985 . _:b666208791 . _:b663516927 . _:b666238380 "UMLS:C0007531"^^ . _:b666208788 . _:b666208789 . _:b665860513 . _:b666208786 . _:b663520167 "AAO:0000246"^^ . _:b666208787 . _:b663913162 . _:b666208784 . _:b666209317 "A continuant is an entity that persists, endures, or continues to exist through time while maintaining its identity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [008-002])"@en . _:b666208785 . _:b666208782 . _:b666208783 . _:b663913635 . _:b666208780 . _:b666208781 . _:b665805987 . _:b665860515 . _:b666208778 . _:b663516318 . _:b666208779 . _:b666208776 . _:b665806006 . _:b666208777 . _:b665806014 . _:b665805984 . _:b666208774 . _:b666208775 . _:b666208772 . _:b666208773 . _:b666208770 . _:b666208771 . _:b666208768 . _:b666208769 . _:b666209278 . _:b666209279 . _:b663516897 . _:b666209276 . _:b666209277 . _:b666209274 . _:b666209275 . _:b665861636 . _:b666209272 . _:b666209273 . _:b666209270 . _:b663516291 . _:b665862879 . _:b665806009 . _:b665806001 . _:b666209271 . _:b663516903 . _:b666209268 . _:b663516554 "a one-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a continuous fiat line whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [032-001])"@en . _:b666209269 . _:b666209266 . _:b666209267 . _:b666209264 . _:b666209265 . _:b665860522 . _:b666209262 . _:b666209263 . _:b665806015 . _:b663913659 . _:b666209260 . _:b666209261 . _:b666209258 . _:b666209259 . _:b666209256 . _:b666209257 . _:b666209254 . _:b666209255 . _:b665806005 . _:b666209252 . _:b666209253 . _:b666209250 . _:b665805993 . _:b666209251 . _:b666209248 . _:b663914371 . _:b665806000 . _:b666209249 . _:b666209246 . _:b666209247 . _:b666209244 . _:b666209245 . _:b666209242 . _:b666209243 . _:b666209240 . _:b666209241 . _:b665860502 . _:b665805996 . _:b666209238 . _:b666209239 . _:b663516911 . _:b666209236 . _:b666209237 . _:b665860497 . _:b666209234 . _:b663516300 . _:b666209235 . _:b666209232 . _:b666209233 . _:b666209230 . _:b665805967 . _:b666209231 . _:b666209228 . _:b665805959 . _:b666209229 . _:b666209226 . _:b666209227 . _:b666209224 . _:b666209225 . _:b665860508 . _:b666209222 . _:b666209223 . _:b665805969 . _:b666209220 . _:b663914376 . _:b666208749 . _:b666209221 . _:b663516464 "Simons uses different terminology for relations of occurrents to regions: Denote the spatio-temporal location of a given occurrent e by 'spn[e]' and call this region its span. We may say an occurrent is at its span, in any larger region, and covers any smaller region. Now suppose we have fixed a frame of reference so that we can speak not merely of spatio-temporal but also of spatial regions (places) and temporal regions (times). The spread of an occurrent, (relative to a frame of reference) is the space it exactly occupies, and its spell is likewise the time it exactly occupies. We write 'spr[e]' and `spl[e]' respectively for the spread and spell of e, omitting mention of the frame." . _:b666209218 . _:b663516400 . _:b666209219 . _:b665806179 "a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary (surface) is a self-connected fiat surface whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [033-001])"@en . _:b666209216 . _:b666209217 . _:b666209214 . _:b665798551 . _:b665805955 . _:b666209215 . _:b666209212 . _:b665805975 . _:b666209213 . _:b666209210 . _:b666209211 . _:b666209208 . _:b665805961 . _:b666209209 . _:b665860510 . _:b666209206 . _:b665860504 . _:b665798549 . _:b666209207 . _:b666209204 . _:b665805963 . _:b666209205 . _:b665860511 . _:b666209202 . _:b666209203 . _:b666209200 . _:b666209201 . _:b665860506 . _:b666209198 . _:b666209199 . _:b666209196 . _:b666209197 . _:b666209194 . _:b665798546 . _:b666209195 . _:b666209192 . _:b665805978 . _:b666209193 . _:b666209190 . _:b666209191 . _:b666209188 . _:b665805958 . _:b666209189 . _:b666209186 . _:b665798544 . _:b665805964 . _:b666209187 . _:b666209184 . _:b666209185 . _:b666209182 . _:b666209183 . _:b666209180 . _:b665805952 . _:b666209181 . _:b665860487 . _:b666209178 . _:b666209179 . _:b666209176 . _:b666209177 . _:b666209174 . _:b663516411 . _:b666209175 . _:b665798557 . _:b663516831 . _:b666209172 . _:b663520696 "A continuant is an entity that persists, endures, or continues to exist through time while maintaining its identity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [008-002])"@en . _:b666209173 . _:b666209170 . _:b665805954 . _:b666209171 . _:b666209321 "(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (continuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [009-002] " . _:b666209168 . _:b666209169 . _:b666209166 . _:b665798555 . _:b666209167 . _:b666209164 . _:b665805981 . _:b666209165 . _:b666209162 . _:b665798554 . _:b666209163 . _:b666209160 . _:b666209161 . _:b666209158 . _:b663516415 . _:b666239291 "Branch or outpocketing of the digestive tract."^^ . _:b665805973 . _:b666209159 . _:b663520721 . _:b666209156 . _:b666209157 . _:b666209154 . _:b663520720 . _:b666209155 . _:b666209152 . _:b666209153 . _:b666209150 . _:b665805979 . _:b665798535 . _:b666209647 . _:b666209151 . _:b666209148 . _:b666209149 . _:b665860495 . _:b666209146 . _:b666209147 . _:b666209144 . _:b666209145 . _:b666209142 . _:b665805957 . _:b665798533 . _:b666209143 . _:b663914382 "alimentary system subdivision"^^ . _:b666209140 . . _:b666209141 . _:b666209138 . _:b665805976 . _:b663520079 . _:b666209139 . _:b666209136 . _:b665805968 . _:b666209137 . _:b666209134 . _:b665798531 . _:b666209135 . _:b666209132 . _:b666209133 . _:b665860491 . _:b666209130 . . _:b665805982 . _:b666209131 . . _:b665805972 . _:b666209128 . _:b666209129 . _:b665797891 . _:b666209126 . _:b666209127 . _:b666209124 . _:b666209125 . _:b666209122 . _:b665805960 . _:b665798528 . _:b666209123 . _:b666209120 . _:b666209121 . _:b666209118 . _:b666209119 . _:b666209116 . _:b666209117 . _:b666209114 . _:b665805970 . _:b665798542 . _:b665805966 . _:b666209115 . _:b666209112 . _:b666209113 . _:b666209110 . _:b663516395 . _:b666209111 . _:b665798581 . _:b666209108 . _:b665805977 . _:b666209109 . _:b665806552 . _:b666209106 . _:b665798580 . _:b666209107 . _:b666209104 . _:b666209105 . _:b666209102 . _:b666209103 . _:b666209100 . _:b666209101 . _:b666209098 . _:b665798809 . _:b666209099 . _:b666209096 . _:b666209097 . _:b666209094 . _:b665798537 . _:b666209095 . _:b665798808 . _:b666209092 . _:b666209093 . _:b666209090 . _:b665798811 . _:b666209091 . _:b665806148 "(forall (x) (if (ThreeDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [040-001] " . _:b666209088 . _:b666209089 . _:b666209086 . _:b663520719 . _:b666209087 . _:b665798810 . _:b666209084 . _:b666209085 . _:b666209082 . _:b663520718 . _:b666209083 . _:b666209080 . _:b666209081 . _:b666209078 . _:b665798581 . _:b666209079 . _:b663520717 . _:b663913581 . _:b666209076 . _:b666209077 . _:b666209074 . _:b663516372 . _:b666209075 . _:b666209072 . _:b666209073 . _:b666209070 . _:b665798579 . _:b666209071 . _:b666209068 . _:b666209069 . _:b666209066 . _:b666209067 . _:b666209064 . _:b666209065 . _:b666209062 . _:b666209063 . _:b666209060 . _:b666209061 . _:b665862394 "Branch or outpocketing of the digestive tract."^^ . _:b666209058 . _:b665798576 . _:b666209059 . _:b666209056 . _:b666209057 . _:b666209054 . _:b666209055 . _:b666209052 . _:b666209053 . _:b666209050 . _:b665861958 . _:b665798805 . _:b666209051 . _:b663913572 . _:b666209048 . _:b666209049 . _:b666209046 . _:b665861959 . _:b666209047 . _:b666209044 . _:b666209045 . _:b666209042 . _:b665798807 . _:b666209043 . _:b666209040 . _:b666209041 . _:b666209038 . _:b663516381 . _:b666209039 . _:b665798806 . _:b666209036 . _:b666209037 . _:b666209034 . _:b666209035 . _:b663516860 . _:b666209563 . _:b666209032 . _:b666209033 . _:b666209030 . _:b666209031 . _:b665861943 . _:b666209028 . _:b663914457 . _:b666209029 . _:b666209026 . _:b665861964 . _:b666209027 . _:b665861944 . _:b666209024 . _:b666209025 . _:b663520321 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b666208510 . _:b666208511 . _:b666208508 . _:b666208509 . _:b663520320 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b666208506 . _:b663516354 . _:b666239001 . _:b666208507 . _:b665798566 . _:b666208504 . _:b666208505 . _:b666208502 . _:b666208503 . _:b663516818 "middle intestine"^^ . _:b666208500 . _:b666208501 . _:b663520322 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b665861960 . _:b666208498 . _:b666208499 . _:b665861948 . _:b666208496 . _:b666208497 . _:b666208494 . _:b665861961 . _:b665798563 . _:b665861949 . _:b666208495 . _:b666208492 . _:b666208493 . _:b666208490 . _:b665861962 . _:b665798562 . _:b666208491 . _:b663516836 . _:b666208488 . _:b666208489 . _:b666208486 . _:b665861963 . _:b665798561 . _:b666208487 . _:b666208484 . _:b666208485 . _:b666208482 . _:b666208483 . _:b663516842 . _:b666208480 . _:b666208481 . _:b663520058 "(iff (TwoDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [033-001] " . _:b666208478 . _:b666208479 . _:b666208476 . _:b666208477 . _:b666208474 . _:b665798574 . _:b666208475 . _:b666208472 . _:b666208473 . _:b666208470 . _:b663516363 . _:b666208471 . _:b663516847 . _:b666208468 . _:b665806521 . _:b666208469 . _:b666208466 . _:b665798572 . _:b666208467 . _:b666208464 . _:b666208465 . _:b666208462 . _:b665798571 . _:b666208463 . _:b666208460 . _:b666208461 . _:b666208458 . _:b666208459 . _:b666208456 . _:b666208457 . _:b665805396 "An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects " . _:b666208454 . _:b666208455 . _:b666208452 . _:b666208453 . _:b665797941 "UMLS:C0021853"^^ . _:b666208450 . _:b665805397 "An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects " . _:b665798568 . _:b666208451 . _:b663913219 "(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (hasContinuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [126-001] " . _:b666208448 . _:b666208449 . _:b665798537 . _:b666208446 . _:b666208447 . _:b666208444 . _:b666208445 . _:b665798536 . _:b666208442 . _:b666208443 . _:b665805324 "An entity is anything that exists or has existed or will exist. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [001-001])"@en . _:b666208440 . _:b663520812 . _:b666208441 . _:b666208438 . _:b666208439 . _:b666208436 . _:b666208437 . _:b666208434 . _:b666208435 . _:b666208432 . _:b666208433 . _:b663516578 . _:b666208430 . _:b666208431 . _:b665861933 . _:b666208428 . _:b666208429 . _:b666208426 . _:b666208427 . _:b665861934 . _:b666208424 . _:b665797920 . _:b666208425 . _:b666208422 . _:b666208423 . _:b665861935 . _:b666208420 . _:b666208421 . _:b666208418 . _:b666208419 . _:b665860475 . _:b666208416 . _:b666208417 . _:b665860550 . _:b666208414 . _:b665797727 . _:b666208415 . _:b666208412 . _:b666208413 . _:b666208410 . _:b665797726 . _:b666208411 . _:b665860477 . _:b666208408 . _:b666208409 . _:b666208406 . _:b666208407 . _:b665860476 . _:b666208404 . _:b666208405 . _:b666208402 . _:b665860890 . _:b666208403 . _:b665860479 . _:b666208400 . _:b666208401 . _:b666208398 . _:b666208399 . _:b665860478 . _:b666208396 . _:b666208397 . _:b665860549 . _:b666208394 . _:b665860547 . _:b666208395 . _:b666208392 . _:b666208393 . _:b666208390 . _:b666208391 . . _:b666208388 . . _:b666208389 . . _:b666208386 . . _:b665861935 . _:b666208387 . . _:b666208384 . _:b666208385 . _:b666208382 . . _:b665861934 . _:b666208383 . _:b666208380 . _:b666208381 . _:b666208378 . _:b666208379 . _:b665861933 . _:b666208376 . . _:b666208377 . _:b665860552 . _:b666208374 . _:b666208375 . _:b665861932 . _:b666208372 . _:b666208373 . _:b666208370 . _:b666208371 . _:b665861931 . _:b663913562 . _:b666208368 . _:b666208369 . _:b665860554 . _:b666208366 . _:b666208367 . _:b666208364 . . _:b666208365 . _:b666208362 . _:b666208363 . _:b666208360 . _:b666208361 . _:b666208358 . _:b663520319 "UMLS:C0020885"^^ . _:b665862893 . _:b666208359 . _:b666208356 . _:b666208357 . _:b666208354 . _:b666208355 . _:b666208352 . _:b666208353 . _:b666208350 . _:b666208351 . _:b663520084 . _:b666208348 . _:b666208349 . _:b666208346 . _:b666208347 . _:b666208344 . _:b666208345 . _:b663521184 "To say that each spatiotemporal region s temporally_projects_onto some temporal region t is to say that t is the temporal extension of s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [080-003])"@en . _:b666208342 . _:b666208343 . _:b666208340 . _:b666208341 . _:b666208338 . _:b666208339 . _:b665861939 . _:b665797755 . _:b666208336 . _:b666208337 . _:b666208334 . _:b666208335 . _:b665861938 . _:b665797756 . _:b666208332 . _:b666208333 . _:b666208330 . _:b666208331 . _:b665861937 . _:b663913552 . _:b666208328 . _:b666208329 . _:b666208326 . _:b666208327 . _:b665861936 . _:b666208324 . _:b666208325 . _:b666208323 . _:b665862884 . _:b665862787 . _:b663913555 "UMLS:C0021852"^^ . _:b665797747 . _:b666239022 . _:b665862785 . . _:b665797746 . . . . . . _:b665806546 . . _:b665798600 . . . _:b666238591 . _:b665862786 . _:b663913962 "if b is a continuant and if, for some t, cis continuant_part of b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [009-002])"@en . _:b665860578 . _:b666238586 . _:b663913509 . _:b665862788 . _:b665797756 . _:b665862789 . _:b665798599 . _:b665798594 . _:b665797754 . _:b665798595 . _:b665797753 . _:b665798592 . _:b663516936 . _:b665797752 . _:b665798010 "MP:0000492"^^ . _:b665798593 . _:b663516937 . _:b666208766 . _:b665797735 . _:b666208767 . _:b666208764 . _:b666208765 . _:b666208762 . _:b666208763 . _:b666208760 . _:b666208761 . _:b663516939 . _:b666208758 . _:b666208759 . _:b666208756 . _:b665862791 . _:b665806560 . _:b666208757 . _:b666208754 . _:b663516932 . _:b665806543 . _:b666208755 . _:b663516010 "ceca"^^ . _:b665862790 . _:b666208752 . _:b666208753 . _:b665862792 . _:b665862784 . _:b665806561 . _:b666208750 . _:b666208751 . _:b666208748 . _:b666208749 . _:b663516942 . _:b666208746 . _:b666208747 . _:b666208744 . _:b666208745 . _:b663516668 . _:b666208742 . _:b665797729 . _:b666208743 . _:b666208740 . _:b666208741 . _:b666208738 . _:b665797728 . _:b665861984 . _:b666208739 . _:b663516748 "EHDAA2"^^ . _:b666208736 . _:b666208737 . _:b663516929 . _:b666208734 . _:b665798570 . _:b666208735 . _:b666208732 . _:b666208733 . _:b665861273 "(iff (ProcessBoundary a) (exists (p) (and (Process p) (temporalPartOf a p) (not (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [084-001] " . _:b663516930 . _:b666208730 . _:b663516938 . _:b666208731 . _:b665797742 . _:b665798571 . _:b666208728 . _:b663516809 "BTO:0000365"^^ . _:b666208729 . _:b663516931 . _:b666208726 . _:b665797741 . _:b666208727 . _:b663913525 . _:b666208724 . _:b663516808 "BTO:0000365"^^ . _:b666208725 . _:b666208722 . _:b665798569 . _:b666208723 . _:b665797740 . _:b666208720 . _:b666208721 . _:b663516933 . _:b666208718 . _:b663520411 . _:b666208719 . _:b666208716 . _:b666208717 . _:b666208714 . _:b663520410 . _:b665861990 . _:b666208715 . _:b666208712 . _:b666208713 . _:b666208710 . _:b665798572 . _:b666208711 . _:b666208708 . _:b666208709 . _:b666208706 . _:b665797736 . _:b666208707 . _:b666208704 . _:b666208705 . _:b666208702 . _:b666239198 "ncithesaurus:Ileum"^^ . _:b666208703 . _:b666208700 . _:b666208701 . _:b666208698 . _:b666208699 . _:b665862706 "All parts of temporal regions are temporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [101-001])"@en . _:b665798574 . _:b666208696 . _:b666208697 . _:b666208694 . _:b666208695 . _:b665798573 . _:b666208692 . _:b666208693 . _:b666208690 . _:b666239020 . _:b663519986 "All parts of spatiotemporal regions are spatiotemporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [096-001])"@en . _:b666208691 . _:b666208688 . _:b665798573 . _:b666208689 . _:b666208686 . _:b665805378 "All realizable dependent continuants have independent continuants that are not spatial regions as their bearers. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [060-002])"@en . _:b666208687 . _:b666208684 . _:b666208685 . _:b666208682 . _:b666208683 . _:b663516436 . _:b666208680 . _:b666208681 . _:b666208678 . _:b665798548 . _:b666208679 . _:b666208676 . _:b663520037 "(iff (ProcessBoundary a) (exists (p) (and (Process p) (temporalPartOf a p) (not (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [084-001] " . _:b666238953 "A primary bacterial infectious disease that results_in infection located_in intestine, has_material_basis_in Campylobacter jejuni, which is transmitted_by ingestion of contaminated food or water or transmitted_by contact with infected people or animals. The infection has_symptom diarrhea or has_symptom dysentery, has_symptom abdominal cramps and pain, and has_symptom fever." . _:b666208677 . _:b666208674 . _:b665798549 . _:b665861968 . _:b666208675 . _:b666208672 . _:b665798569 . _:b666208673 . _:b666208670 . _:b666208671 . _:b665861969 . _:b663516441 . _:b666208668 . _:b665798534 . _:b666208669 . _:b666208666 . _:b666208667 . _:b665861970 . _:b665798540 . _:b666208664 . _:b663913476 . _:b665798535 . _:b666208665 . _:b666208662 . _:b666208663 . _:b665861971 . _:b663516447 . _:b666208660 . _:b665798564 . _:b666208661 . _:b663516478 "All continuant parts of spatial regions are spatial regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [036-001])"@en . _:b666208658 . _:b666208659 . _:b666208656 . _:b666208657 . _:b666208654 . _:b666208655 . _:b666208652 . _:b666208653 . _:b666208650 . _:b666208651 . _:b663516444 . _:b666208648 . _:b666208649 . . _:b666208646 . _:b666208647 . . _:b666208644 . _:b666208645 . _:b666208642 . . _:b666208643 . _:b663913502 . _:b666208640 . _:b666208641 . . _:b666208638 . _:b666208639 . _:b666208636 . _:b666208637 . . _:b666208634 . _:b666208635 . _:b663516416 . _:b666208632 . _:b666208633 . _:b666208630 . _:b666208631 . _:b666208628 . _:b666208629 . _:b666208626 . _:b666208627 . _:b665861980 . _:b666208624 . _:b665798589 . _:b666208625 . _:b665797878 . _:b666208622 . _:b666208623 . _:b666208620 . _:b666208621 . _:b666208618 . _:b666208619 . _:b663516420 . _:b666208616 . _:b666208617 . _:b666208614 . _:b666208615 . _:b665798568 . _:b666208612 . _:b665798584 . _:b666208613 . _:b666208610 . _:b665861539 "BTO:0000365"^^ . _:b666208611 . _:b663516426 . _:b666208608 . _:b666208609 . _:b666208606 . _:b665860549 "zero dimension continuant fiat boundaries are not spatial points. Considering the example 'the quadripoint where the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona meet' : There are many frames in which that point is zooming through many points in space. Whereas, no matter what the frame, the quadripoint is always in the same relation to the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona."@en . _:b666208607 . _:b666208604 . _:b666208605 . _:b666208602 . _:b666208603 . _:b665798567 . _:b666208600 . _:b665798583 . _:b666208601 . _:b666208598 . _:b666208599 . _:b665861955 . _:b663516431 . _:b666208596 . _:b666208597 . _:b666238502 . _:b666208594 . _:b666208595 . _:b666208592 . _:b666208593 . _:b666208590 . _:b666208591 . _:b666208588 . _:b666208589 . _:b666208586 . _:b666208587 . _:b666208584 . _:b666208585 . _:b666208582 . _:b665861540 "BTO:0000365"^^ . _:b666208583 . _:b663913489 . _:b666208580 . _:b666208581 . _:b666208578 . _:b666208579 . _:b665861960 . _:b666208576 . _:b666208577 . _:b666208574 . _:b666208575 . _:b665861961 . _:b666208572 . _:b666208573 . _:b666208570 . _:b666208571 . _:b666208568 . _:b666208569 . _:b666208566 . _:b666238857 "All parts of temporal regions are temporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [101-001])"@en . _:b666208567 . _:b666208564 . _:b666208565 . _:b666208562 . _:b666208563 . _:b666208560 . _:b666208561 . _:b666208558 . _:b666208559 . _:b666208556 . _:b665806353 . _:b666208557 . _:b666208554 . _:b666208555 . _:b666208552 . _:b666208553 . _:b666208550 . _:b666208551 . _:b666208548 . _:b666208549 . _:b666208546 . _:b666208547 . _:b666208544 . _:b666238373 "ncithesaurus:Rectum"^^ . _:b666208545 . _:b666208542 . _:b666208543 . _:b666208540 . _:b665798540 . _:b666208541 . _:b666208538 . _:b666208539 . _:b666208536 . _:b665798541 . _:b666208537 . _:b666208534 . _:b666208535 . _:b666208532 . _:b665806359 . _:b666208533 . _:b665798542 . _:b666208530 . _:b666208531 . _:b666208528 . _:b666208529 . _:b666208526 . _:b666208527 . _:b666208524 . _:b666208525 . _:b666208522 . _:b666208523 . _:b665806342 . _:b666208520 . _:b665860704 "VHOG:0000408"^^ . _:b666208521 . _:b663515803 "(forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt x y t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [021-002] " . _:b666208518 . _:b666208519 . _:b666208516 . _:b665798538 . _:b666208517 . _:b666208514 . _:b666208515 . _:b665862043 . _:b663516450 . _:b666208512 . _:b665798539 . _:b666208513 . _:b665798529 . _:b665862042 . _:b663516670 "cjm"^^ . _:b665862041 . _:b665862906 "1"^^ . _:b663516661 "cjm"^^ . _:b665798552 . _:b665862905 "1"^^ . _:b665798588 . _:b665862910 "1"^^ . _:b666239171 "intestinum tenue"^^ . _:b666239172 "intestinum tenue"^^ . _:b665862911 "1"^^ . _:b665862303 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b665862302 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b665798548 . _:b666238883 "(forall (x) (if (RealizableEntity x) (and (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (inheresIn x y)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [058-002] " . _:b665862304 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b665806397 . _:b665862001 "(forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [038-001] " . _:b665863016 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b663516628 . _:b665805665 "2012-08-14"^^ . _:b663516634 . _:b665806406 . _:b663913908 . _:b663516639 . _:b666208596 "(forall (x) (if (SpatialRegion x) (Continuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [035-001] " . _:b663520384 . _:b665862685 . _:b665862689 . _:b666238528 "GO:0060465"^^ . _:b665862684 . _:b665862687 . _:b665862686 . _:b665862692 . _:b665862691 . _:b666239274 "GO:0060465"^^ . _:b663520397 . _:b665862681 . _:b665797830 . _:b665862688 . _:b665862680 . _:b665862028 . _:b665797828 . _:b665862696 . _:b665862029 . _:b665862690 . _:b665862682 . _:b663516613 . _:b665862030 . _:b665797826 . _:b665862676 . _:b665862694 . _:b665797825 . _:b666209504 . _:b665862677 . _:b665862678 . _:b665862017 . _:b665862675 . _:b663516623 . _:b665797835 . _:b665797833 . _:b665862023 . _:b665862024 . _:b665862706 . _:b663521059 "BTO:0000657"^^ . _:b665798513 . _:b665862707 . _:b665798481 . _:b665862705 . _:b665862709 . _:b666238963 . _:b665862708 . _:b665798480 . _:b665862710 . _:b663521057 "BTO:0000657"^^ . _:b665798482 . _:b663914410 . _:b665797835 . _:b665862714 . _:b665806561 "To say that spatiotemporal region s spatially_projects_onto spatial region r at t is to say that r is the spatial extent of s at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [081-003])"@en . _:b665797834 . _:b665806417 . _:b665862715 . _:b665862713 . _:b665805639 "2012-08-14"^^ . _:b665862717 . _:b665862719 . _:b666209814 . _:b665862718 . _:b663914405 . _:b665862716 . _:b666209812 . _:b666209813 . _:b666209810 . _:b666209811 . _:b665861209 "All continuant parts of spatial regions are spatial regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [036-001])"@en . _:b666209808 . _:b666209809 . _:b666209806 . _:b663520416 . _:b666209807 . _:b666209804 . _:b666209805 . _:b665862712 . _:b666209802 . _:b665862704 . _:b666209803 . _:b666209800 . _:b666208981 . _:b666209801 . _:b666209798 . _:b666209799 . _:b663516643 . _:b666208986 . _:b666209796 . _:b666209797 . _:b666209794 . _:b663520419 . _:b666209795 . _:b666209792 . _:b666209793 . _:b665862047 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infectious_disease" . _:b663516651 . _:b663914422 . _:b663520071 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathogenic_bacteria" . _:b665862711 . _:b665798477 . _:b663913636 "alimentary system subdivision"^^ . _:b665806455 . _:b665798476 . _:b665798483 . _:b665806452 . _:b665798479 . _:b665798478 . _:b665862701 . _:b665806450 . _:b665797782 . _:b666209001 . _:b665862697 . _:b665862700 . _:b665797781 . _:b663914381 . _:b665862698 . _:b665862703 . _:b665862679 . _:b665862702 . _:b665798521 . _:b666209004 . _:b665798520 . _:b665797778 . _:b665862693 . _:b663516050 "ncithesaurus:Small_Intestine"^^ . _:b665798522 . _:b665797776 . _:b665862695 . _:b665862699 . _:b665862683 . _:b665797791 . _:b665797789 . _:b665798519 . _:b665798696 "1"^^ . _:b663516574 . _:b665797787 . _:b665862749 . _:b665862750 . _:b665798700 "1"^^ . _:b665797785 . _:b665862744 . _:b665862746 . _:b665862759 . _:b665862748 . _:b665862745 . _:b665798701 "1"^^ . _:b665862758 . _:b665862747 . _:b665862751 . _:b665797766 . _:b665797765 . _:b665797764 . _:b665806447 . _:b665862763 . _:b665797763 . _:b665805368 "(forall (x y) (if (and (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (SpatioTemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [096-001] " . _:b665798695 "1"^^ . _:b665797762 . _:b665862765 . _:b665862740 . _:b665797775 . _:b665862761 . _:b665862760 . _:b665862767 . _:b665862762 . _:b665797772 . _:b665862764 . _:b665862766 . _:b665797771 . _:b665797768 . . _:b665797914 . _:b665797815 . _:b665862733 . _:b665862734 . _:b665797811 . _:b663516597 . _:b665862779 . _:b665862783 . _:b665806535 "FBbt:00100316"^^ . _:b665797809 . _:b665797808 . _:b663516601 . _:b665797822 . _:b665862782 . _:b665862781 . _:b666208583 "b is an occurrent entity iff b is an entity that has temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [079-001])"@en . _:b665797820 . _:b665862780 . _:b665862722 . _:b665862724 . _:b665862726 . _:b665862778 . _:b665862727 . _:b665797817 . _:b665862720 . _:b665862776 . _:b666208910 "TAO"^^ . _:b665862721 . _:b665797816 . _:b665862725 . _:b666209534 . _:b665862777 . _:b666209535 . _:b666209532 . _:b666209533 . _:b666209530 . _:b665797798 . _:b665862940 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b666209531 . _:b666209528 . _:b666209529 . _:b666209526 . _:b666209527 . _:b666209524 . _:b665797897 . _:b666209525 . _:b666209522 . _:b665797796 . _:b666209523 . _:b666209520 . _:b666209521 . _:b665862723 . _:b666209518 . _:b666209519 . _:b666209516 . _:b665862735 . _:b666209517 . _:b666209514 . _:b666209515 . _:b665862775 . _:b666209512 . _:b665862770 . _:b666209513 . _:b666209510 . _:b666209511 . _:b665862769 . _:b665860495 "A zero-dimensional spatial region is a point in space. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [037-001])"@en . _:b666209508 . _:b666209509 . _:b666209506 . _:b666209507 . _:b665860389 . _:b666209504 . _:b666209505 . _:b666209502 . _:b665862732 . _:b663519975 . _:b665862730 . _:b666209503 . _:b663516585 . _:b665862774 . _:b666209500 . _:b663516564 "zero dimension continuant fiat boundaries are not spatial points. Considering the example 'the quadripoint where the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona meet' : There are many frames in which that point is zooming through many points in space. Whereas, no matter what the frame, the quadripoint is always in the same relation to the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona."@en . _:b666209501 . _:b665797938 "GOC:GO"^^ . _:b665862768 . _:b666209498 . _:b663519974 . _:b665862731 . _:b666209499 . _:b666209496 . _:b666209497 . _:b663520278 . _:b666209494 . _:b665797805 . _:b665862773 . _:b666209495 . _:b663519973 . _:b666209492 . _:b666209493 . _:b665862728 . _:b666209490 . _:b665862729 . _:b663519972 . _:b666209491 . _:b666209488 . _:b665862772 . _:b666209489 . _:b666209486 . _:b665862771 . _:b665797803 . _:b666209487 . _:b663519971 . _:b666209484 . _:b665862742 . _:b666209485 . _:b666209482 . _:b666209483 . _:b666209480 . _:b665862743 . _:b666209481 . _:b663520272 . _:b665862736 . _:b666209478 . _:b666209479 . _:b665862741 . _:b663516243 . _:b666209476 . _:b666209477 . _:b663516728 . _:b665861212 . _:b666209474 . _:b665797800 . _:b666209475 . _:b663914318 . _:b666209472 . _:b666209473 . _:b663516729 . _:b665862738 . _:b665861213 . _:b666209470 . _:b666209471 . _:b666208673 "b process_profile_of c holds when b proper_occurrent_part_of c& there is some proper_occurrent_part d of c which has no parts in common with b & is mutually dependent on b& is such that b, c and d occupy the same temporal region (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [094-005])"@en . _:b665862739 . _:b666209468 . _:b666209469 . _:b666209466 . _:b665861214 . _:b663520286 . _:b666209467 . _:b666209464 . _:b666209465 . _:b666209462 . _:b665861215 . _:b663520285 . _:b666209463 . _:b666209460 . _:b665862737 . _:b666209461 . _:b666209458 . _:b666209459 . _:b663516246 . _:b666209456 . _:b663520271 . _:b666209457 . _:b666209454 . _:b666209455 . _:b666209452 . _:b666209453 . _:b666209450 . _:b666209451 . _:b666209448 . _:b666209449 . _:b663516735 . _:b665862753 . _:b666209446 . _:b666209447 . _:b666209444 . _:b665862755 . _:b666209445 . _:b663520281 . _:b665862754 . _:b666209442 . _:b666209443 . _:b666209440 . _:b666209441 . _:b663520438 "To say that each spatiotemporal region s temporally_projects_onto some temporal region t is to say that t is the temporal extension of s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [080-003])"@en . _:b665862752 . _:b666209438 . _:b666209439 . _:b666209436 . _:b666209437 . _:b665806190 . _:b666209434 . _:b666209435 . _:b663516248 . _:b665862756 . _:b666209432 . _:b663914308 . _:b666209433 . _:b666209430 . _:b666209431 . _:b663516255 . _:b666209428 . _:b666209429 . _:b665862757 . _:b663516724 . _:b665861216 . _:b666209426 . _:b666209427 . _:b666209424 . _:b666209425 . _:b663516725 . _:b665861217 . _:b666209422 . _:b666209423 . _:b666209420 . _:b666239100 . _:b666209421 . _:b663516726 . _:b665861218 . _:b666209418 . _:b666209419 . _:b663516252 . _:b666239103 . _:b666209416 . _:b666209417 . _:b663516727 . _:b666209414 . _:b666209415 . _:b666209412 . _:b665806279 . _:b666209413 . _:b663516712 . _:b666209410 . _:b666209411 . _:b666209408 . _:b666209409 . _:b663516713 . _:b666209406 . _:b666209407 . _:b663516225 . _:b666238546 "FBbt:00100316"^^ . _:b666209404 . _:b666209405 . _:b663520269 . _:b666209402 . _:b663516714 . _:b666209403 . _:b666209400 . _:b666209401 . _:b666209398 . _:b666209399 . _:b666209396 . _:b666209397 . _:b666209394 . _:b666209395 . _:b663516230 . _:b666209392 . _:b665806344 . _:b666239111 . _:b666209393 . _:b666209390 . _:b666209391 . _:b666209388 . _:b666209389 . _:b666239110 . _:b666209386 . _:b663913523 . _:b666209387 . _:b663914109 . _:b663516228 . _:b666209384 . _:b666209385 . _:b666239109 . _:b665797853 . _:b666209382 . _:b665798828 . _:b663913522 . _:b666209383 . _:b666209380 . _:b666209381 . _:b663516704 . _:b666209378 . _:b665798829 . _:b666209379 . _:b663516234 . _:b666209376 . _:b666209377 . _:b665798830 . _:b666209374 . _:b666209375 . _:b666238824 . _:b665798395 . _:b666209372 . _:b663914327 . _:b666209373 . _:b666239114 . _:b665798831 . _:b666209370 . _:b666209371 . _:b666209368 . _:b663913493 . _:b666209369 . _:b663516707 . _:b666209366 . _:b666209367 . _:b663516239 . _:b666209364 . _:b663913492 . _:b666209365 . _:b663516708 . _:b666209362 . _:b665798825 . _:b666209363 . _:b666209360 . _:b666209361 . _:b663516709 . _:b666209358 . _:b665798826 . _:b666209359 . _:b663516237 . _:b666209356 . _:b666209357 . _:b663516710 . _:b666209354 . _:b665798827 . _:b666209355 . _:b666238821 . _:b666209352 . _:b663913489 . _:b666209353 . _:b663516711 . _:b666209350 . _:b666209351 . _:b663516275 . _:b666209348 . _:b666209349 . _:b666239116 . _:b666209346 . _:b666209347 . _:b666209344 . _:b663913491 . _:b666209345 . _:b663516697 . _:b666209342 . _:b666209343 . _:b663516273 . _:b666209340 . _:b663516719 . _:b666209341 . _:b663913490 . _:b665797842 . _:b666209338 . _:b666209339 . _:b666209336 . _:b663516718 . _:b666209337 . _:b666209334 . _:b666209335 . _:b666238818 . _:b666209332 . _:b663516717 . _:b666209333 . _:b663516700 . _:b666209330 . _:b666209331 . _:b663516278 . _:b666209328 . _:b663516716 . _:b666209329 . _:b663516701 . _:b666209326 . _:b666209327 . _:b666209324 . _:b665806458 . _:b666209325 . _:b663516715 . _:b663516702 . _:b666209322 . _:b663913507 . _:b666209323 . _:b666209320 . _:b663519905 . _:b666209321 . _:b666209318 . _:b666208674 "(forall (x y) (if (processProfileOf x y) (and (properContinuantPartOf x y) (exists (z t) (and (properOccurrentPartOf z y) (TemporalRegion t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion y t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion z t) (not (exists (w) (and (occurrentPartOf w x) (occurrentPartOf w z))))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [094-005] " . _:b666209319 . _:b663516283 . _:b666209316 . _:b666209317 . _:b663516688 . _:b666209314 . _:b663516696 . _:b665861191 . _:b666209315 . _:b666209312 . _:b666209313 . _:b666209310 . _:b666209311 . _:b665861190 . _:b666209308 . _:b666209309 . _:b666209306 . _:b666209307 . _:b665861234 . _:b665861189 . _:b663516280 . _:b666209304 . _:b663520758 . _:b665806461 . _:b666209305 . _:b663516691 . _:b666209302 . _:b666209303 . _:b665861188 . _:b663520759 . _:b666208654 "(forall (x) (if (Function x) (Disposition x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [064-001] " . _:b666209300 . _:b666209301 . _:b663516692 . _:b666209298 . _:b663913497 . _:b665861187 . _:b666209299 . _:b666209296 . _:b666209297 . _:b666239135 . _:b663516693 . _:b665861451 "WP:Stomach#In_other_animals"^^ . _:b666209294 . _:b666209295 . _:b665861186 . _:b663516285 . _:b665862057 "A gastrointestinal system infectious disease that involves inflammation of the lining of the stomach and small and large intestines, which is caused by viruses, bacteria, or parasites. Chemicals and drugs also cause gastroenteritis. The symptoms include diarrhea, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, cramps, and discomfort in the abdomen." . _:b666209292 . _:b663520757 . _:b663516723 . _:b666209293 . _:b663516694 . _:b666209290 . _:b666209291 . _:b665861238 . _:b665861185 . _:b666209288 . _:b663516722 . _:b666209289 . _:b663516695 . _:b666209286 . _:b663516703 . _:b666209287 . _:b663913498 . _:b666209284 . _:b663516721 . _:b665862727 "(forall (x t) (if (and (RealizableEntity x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (specificallyDepends x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [063-002] " . _:b666209285 . _:b666209282 . _:b666209283 . _:b663516258 . _:b666209280 . _:b663516720 . _:b666239139 . _:b666209281 . _:b666209790 . _:b663913500 . _:b665862756 "(forall (x) (if (Site x) (ImmaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [034-002] " . _:b666209791 . _:b666209788 . _:b666209789 . _:b663516682 . _:b666209786 . _:b666209787 . _:b665862966 "the terminal portion of the intestinal tube, terminating with the anus"^^ . _:b666209784 . _:b666209785 . _:b663516683 . _:b666209782 . _:b663516675 . _:b666209783 . _:b663516263 . _:b666209780 . _:b666209781 . _:b666239136 . _:b666209778 . _:b666209779 . _:b665861244 . _:b663914298 . _:b666209776 . _:b666209777 . _:b666209774 . _:b666209775 . _:b666209772 . _:b666209773 . _:b666209770 . _:b666209771 . _:b666238431 "ISBN:0815318960"^^ . _:b665861193 . _:b663516260 . _:b666209768 . _:b666209769 . _:b663516687 . _:b666209766 . _:b666209767 . _:b665861192 . _:b666209764 . _:b666209765 . _:b666209762 . _:b666209763 . _:b666209760 . _:b666209761 . _:b666209758 . _:b666239239 . _:b663516681 . _:b666209759 . _:b663516265 . _:b666209756 . _:b666209757 . _:b666209754 . _:b666209755 . _:b666209752 . _:b666209753 . _:b666209750 . _:b666209751 . _:b666209748 . _:b666209749 . _:b663516676 . _:b666209746 . _:b666209747 . _:b663516270 . _:b666209744 . _:b666209745 . _:b663516677 . _:b666209742 . _:b666209743 . _:b666209740 . _:b666209741 . _:b666209738 . _:b663516686 . _:b665861222 . _:b666209739 . _:b663516268 . _:b666209736 . _:b666209737 . _:b666209734 . _:b666209735 . _:b665861223 . _:b666209732 . _:b666209733 . _:b666209730 . _:b665862653 "100.0"^^ . _:b663914310 "In fish, the divisions of the small intestine are not as clear, and the terms anterior intestine or proximal intestine may be used instead of duodenum."^^ . _:b665861224 . _:b666209731 . _:b666209728 . _:b666209729 . _:b666209726 . _:b666209727 . _:b665861225 . _:b663914255 . _:b666209724 . _:b665860718 "MA"^^ . _:b666209725 . _:b666209722 . _:b666239244 . _:b666209723 . _:b663516176 . _:b666209720 . _:b666209721 . _:b666209718 . _:b665862648 "100.0"^^ . _:b665862382 . _:b666209719 . _:b666209716 . _:b663516050 "UMLS:C0021852"^^ . _:b666209717 . _:b666209714 . _:b666209715 . _:b666209712 . _:b666209713 . _:b665861965 "A two-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of two dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [039-001])"@en . _:b666209710 . _:b666209711 . _:b663516181 . _:b666209708 . _:b666209709 . _:b663519903 . _:b666209706 . _:b663913475 . _:b666209707 . _:b663914248 . _:b666209704 . _:b666209705 . _:b663516799 . _:b666209702 . _:b663519901 . _:b666209703 . _:b663913474 . _:b663519902 . _:b666209700 . _:b666209701 . _:b666209698 . _:b666209699 . _:b666209696 . _:b666209697 . _:b666209694 . _:b666209695 . _:b666209692 . _:b666209693 . _:b663516786 . _:b666209690 . _:b666209691 . _:b665861202 . _:b666209688 . _:b666209689 . _:b663516787 . _:b666209686 . _:b666209687 . _:b665861203 . _:b666209684 . _:b666209685 . _:b663516788 . _:b666209682 . _:b666209683 . _:b666209680 . _:b666209681 . _:b663516789 . _:b666239259 . _:b666209678 . _:b666209679 . _:b666209676 . _:b666209677 . _:b663516790 . _:b666209674 . _:b663515970 . _:b666209675 . _:b663516188 . _:b666209672 . _:b666209673 . _:b663516791 . _:b666209670 . _:b663913432 "VHOG:0000056"^^ . _:b666209671 . _:b666209668 . _:b666209669 . _:b666209666 . _:b666239262 . _:b666209667 . _:b666209664 . _:b666209665 . _:b663516777 . _:b666209662 . _:b666209663 . _:b665861209 . _:b663914271 . _:b666209660 . _:b666209661 . _:b663516778 . _:b666209658 . _:b666209659 . _:b665798579 "(iff (ZeroDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [031-001] " . _:b666209656 . _:b666209657 . _:b663516779 . _:b666209654 . _:b666209655 . _:b666209652 . _:b666209653 . _:b663516780 . _:b666209650 . _:b666209651 . _:b666209648 . _:b666209649 . _:b663516781 . _:b666209646 . _:b663516773 . _:b666209647 . _:b663516165 . _:b666209644 . _:b663520048 "(iff (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ImmaterialEntity a) (exists (b) (and (or (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b)) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))) (not (exists (c t) (and (SpatialRegion c) (continuantPartOfAt c a t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [029-001] " . _:b666209645 . _:b666209642 . _:b666209643 . _:b665861214 . _:b666209640 . _:b663914248 "MP:0000492"^^ . _:b666209641 . _:b663516783 . _:b666209638 . _:b666209639 . _:b665861215 . _:b666209636 . _:b666209637 . _:b666209634 . _:b666209635 . _:b666209632 . _:b666209633 . _:b663913223 "Simons uses different terminology for relations of occurrents to regions: Denote the spatio-temporal location of a given occurrent e by 'spn[e]' and call this region its span. We may say an occurrent is at its span, in any larger region, and covers any smaller region. Now suppose we have fixed a frame of reference so that we can speak not merely of spatio-temporal but also of spatial regions (places) and temporal regions (times). The spread of an occurrent, (relative to a frame of reference) is the space it exactly occupies, and its spell is likewise the time it exactly occupies. We write 'spr[e]' and `spl[e]' respectively for the spread and spell of e, omitting mention of the frame." . _:b666209630 . _:b666209631 . _:b666209628 . _:b666209629 . _:b666238172 "(forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [103-001] " . _:b666209626 . _:b666209627 . _:b666209624 . _:b666209625 . _:b663516771 . _:b666209622 . _:b666209623 . _:b665861187 . _:b666209620 . _:b666209621 . _:b663516772 . _:b666209618 . _:b666209619 . _:b665861188 . _:b666209616 . _:b666209617 . _:b666209614 . _:b666209615 . _:b665861189 . _:b666209612 . _:b666238986 . _:b666209613 . _:b663516774 . _:b666209610 . _:b663516782 . _:b666209611 . _:b666209608 . _:b666209609 . _:b666209606 . _:b666209607 . _:b666209604 . _:b666209605 . _:b666209602 . _:b666209603 . _:b663914222 . _:b666209600 . _:b666209601 . _:b663516761 . _:b666209598 . _:b663913580 . _:b666209599 . _:b666209596 . _:b666209597 . _:b663516762 . _:b666209594 . _:b666209595 . _:b666209592 . _:b666209593 . _:b666209590 . _:b666209591 . _:b666209588 . _:b666209589 . _:b665863099 . _:b666209586 . _:b666209587 . _:b666209584 . _:b666209585 . _:b663516765 . _:b666209582 . _:b666209583 . _:b665861197 . _:b666209580 . _:b666209581 . _:b666209578 . _:b663913571 . _:b666239037 "ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.566"^^ . _:b665861198 . _:b666209579 . _:b663516212 . _:b666209576 . _:b666209577 . _:b666209574 . _:b666209575 . _:b665863166 . _:b666209572 . _:b666209573 . _:b666209570 . _:b666209571 . _:b666209568 . _:b666239252 "FMA:71131"^^ . _:b665863167 . _:b666209569 . _:b665863100 . _:b666209566 . _:b666209567 . _:b663516217 . _:b666209564 . _:b666209565 . _:b665863101 . _:b666209562 . _:b665861282 . _:b665798062 "VHOG:0000055"^^ . _:b666209563 . _:b666209560 . _:b666239291 . _:b666209561 . _:b666209558 . _:b665861283 . _:b666209559 . _:b666209556 . _:b666239251 "FMA:71131"^^ . _:b666209557 . _:b666209554 . _:b665861284 . _:b665806510 . _:b666209555 . _:b663913561 . _:b666209552 . _:b665806564 . _:b666209553 . _:b666209550 . _:b665860451 "Every occurrent occupies_spatiotemporal_region some spatiotemporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [108-001])"@en . _:b666209551 . _:b665806565 . _:b666209548 . _:b663516221 . _:b666209549 . _:b666209546 . _:b666209547 . _:b666209544 . _:b666209545 . _:b665806567 . _:b666209542 . _:b666209543 . _:b666209540 . _:b666239292 . _:b666209541 . _:b666209538 . _:b665806566 . _:b666209539 . _:b663516194 . _:b666209536 . _:b666209537 . _:b663516747 . _:b665806563 . _:b663516749 . _:b663914235 . _:b666208616 . _:b666208617 . _:b663516736 . _:b663520050 "(iff (OneDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [032-001] " . _:b663516737 . _:b665806568 . _:b663516200 . _:b663516876 "A proximal-distal subdivision of the digestive tract."^^ . _:b663516740 . _:b665806470 . _:b665805641 "ncithesaurus:Colon"^^ . _:b663516742 . . . . _:b666239279 . . _:b663516856 . . _:b665863044 . _:b663516370 . . . _:b663516857 . _:b663914168 . _:b663913551 . _:b663516859 . _:b663914169 . _:b663914170 . _:b663516021 "UBERON:0001155"^^ . _:b663516373 . _:b663516862 . _:b663516863 . _:b663516379 . _:b663516849 . _:b666208884 "TAO"^^ . _:b663516850 . _:b663516858 . _:b665861297 . _:b663516376 . _:b663516851 . _:b665860928 . _:b665861296 . _:b663516852 . _:b665860929 . _:b663516382 . _:b663516853 . _:b666239226 . _:b665805487 . _:b663516854 . _:b666239176 "3"^^ . _:b666239225 . _:b665806467 . _:b663914176 . _:b663516855 . _:b665861271 . _:b663516355 . _:b663914166 . _:b665806480 . _:b663516841 . _:b663914167 . _:b663516834 . _:b663516352 . _:b663516844 . _:b665862270 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b663516358 . _:b665861277 . _:b663516846 . _:b665861278 . _:b665806472 . _:b663516840 . _:b666239186 "3"^^ . _:b665860903 . _:b663516833 . _:b663516361 . _:b666208682 "(iff (ZeroDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [031-001] " . _:b665805342 "For any independent continuant b and any time t there is some spatial region r such that b is located_in r at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [134-001])"@en . . _:b663914179 "ncithesaurus:Intestine"^^ . _:b663516835 . _:b663516367 . _:b663516845 . _:b663516838 . _:b663516364 . _:b663516839 . _:b666239195 "3"^^ . _:b666238907 "(forall (x) (if (Site x) (ImmaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [034-002] " . _:b665863015 . _:b663516401 . _:b665861295 . _:b665805504 . _:b665863035 . _:b666239137 "3"^^ . _:b663519707 . _:b665798561 "(forall (x) (if (MaterialEntity x) (IndependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [019-002] " . _:b663516830 . _:b663914319 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663520318 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b666239169 "ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.566"^^ . _:b663516819 . _:b665863025 . _:b663516820 . _:b663516829 . _:b663516412 . . _:b663516386 . _:b663914309 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663516810 . _:b665860716 "Anterior end of the alimentary canal lined with smooth muscle. Bounded anteriorly by a constriction in the pharynx. Bounded posteriorly by and increase in circular and/or longitudinal smooth muscle associated with the stomach.[AAO]"^^ . _:b663520309 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663516811 . _:b663516390 . _:b663914328 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665806239 . _:b663520299 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b666208574 "if b is a material entity, then there is some temporal interval (referred to below as a one-dimensional temporal region) during which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [011-002])"@en . _:b665862986 . _:b663516800 . _:b665862066 . _:b663516801 . _:b663516393 . _:b663914167 . _:b663519712 . _:b663520290 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665806070 "An entity is anything that exists or has existed or will exist. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [001-001])"@en . _:b663913307 "(forall (x) (if (MaterialEntity x) (IndependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [019-002] " . _:b663516823 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663516396 . _:b663516307 . _:b663516921 . _:b666239117 "the terminal portion of the intestinal tube, terminating with the anus"^^ . _:b663516304 . _:b666208696 . _:b663516924 . _:b665862209 "VHOG:0000450"^^ . _:b663516310 . _:b665806255 . _:b663914062 "b process_profile_of c holds when b proper_occurrent_part_of c& there is some proper_occurrent_part d of c which has no parts in common with b & is mutually dependent on b& is such that b, c and d occupy the same temporal region (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [094-005])"@en . _:b663516944 "To say that spatiotemporal region s spatially_projects_onto spatial region r at t is to say that r is the spatial extent of s at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [081-003])"@en . _:b663516814 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663516926 . _:b663520001 "To say that b is a realizable entity is to say that b is a specifically dependent continuant that inheres in some independent continuant which is not a spatial region and is of a type instances of which are realized in processes of a correlated type. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [058-002])"@en . _:b663516454 "Continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example, in an expansion involving bringing in some of Ceuster's other portions of reality, questions are raised as to whether universals are continuants"@en . _:b666238354 . _:b665798184 . _:b665806553 . _:b663516691 . _:b663516920 . _:b666238357 . _:b663516913 . _:b663516313 . _:b663516914 . _:b663914274 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663516915 . _:b663516319 . _:b663516916 . _:b666238363 . _:b663516925 . _:b663515777 "A one-dimensional spatial region is a line or aggregate of lines stretching from one point in space to another. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [038-001])"@en . _:b665798470 "if b is a continuant and if, for some t, cis continuant_part of b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [009-002])"@en . _:b663516316 . _:b663516919 . _:b663516804 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665862194 "ISBN10:0073040584"^^ . _:b665805789 "diverticulum of gut"^^ . _:b663516906 . _:b663516795 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663516288 . _:b663516907 . _:b666238365 . _:b663516295 . _:b663516908 . _:b666238364 . _:b665861956 "(forall (x y t) (if (and (SpatialRegion x) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)) (SpatialRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [036-001] " . _:b663516676 . _:b663516901 . _:b663520264 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b666238370 . _:b663516910 . _:b663516292 . _:b665798150 . _:b663516896 . _:b666238368 . _:b665797855 . _:b665806558 . _:b663914300 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663516298 . _:b663516899 . _:b665798147 . _:b665798834 . _:b665805169 . _:b663516909 . _:b663516301 . _:b663516902 . _:b665805621 . _:b665860928 . _:b665805622 . _:b665805157 . _:b665860929 . _:b663516888 . _:b665805623 . _:b665805167 . _:b663516889 . _:b663520424 . _:b663516337 . _:b665798825 . _:b665805154 . _:b663914092 . _:b665805163 . _:b663516891 . _:b665805175 . _:b663516343 . _:b663520421 . _:b663516884 . _:b665805619 . _:b665805152 . _:b665805628 . _:b663914249 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663516894 . _:b665805629 . _:b663516340 . _:b665805159 . _:b665805630 . _:b663516880 . _:b665805164 . _:b665805631 . _:b665805178 . _:b663914086 . _:b663516346 . _:b665862082 . _:b665805624 . _:b663914087 . _:b666238390 . _:b663516890 . _:b665805625 . _:b663914084 . _:b665861538 "UMLS:C0013303"^^ . _:b663516883 . _:b666238389 . _:b665805626 . _:b665862961 . _:b663914085 . _:b665805160 . _:b665805627 . _:b663516769 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665798174 . _:b665805181 . _:b663516885 . _:b663516349 . _:b665798175 . _:b666238393 . _:b665805173 . _:b663516895 . _:b663914081 . _:b663516872 . _:b663515927 "VHOG:0000056"^^ . _:b663516864 . _:b663516322 . _:b663516873 . _:b665862662 "0.0"^^ . _:b665805176 . _:b665805156 . _:b663516874 . _:b663516875 . _:b665798172 . _:b665805179 . _:b665805168 . _:b663516325 . _:b665805172 . _:b665862657 "0.0"^^ . _:b665862229 "ncithesaurus:Cecum"^^ . _:b665805182 . _:b663516331 . _:b665798815 . _:b663516865 . _:b663516866 . _:b663516328 . _:b665798167 . _:b665805177 . _:b665805170 . _:b665805166 . _:b663516334 . _:b665798805 . _:b663516870 . _:b665805126 . _:b666209606 "The terminal portion of the large intestine between the ileo-pelvic colon and the anus. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663516871 . _:b663516879 . _:b663914013 . _:b663914012 . _:b663913974 . _:b663913973 . _:b665805122 . _:b663914014 . _:b663516744 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663914061 . _:b663914029 . _:b665805123 . _:b665798469 "if b is a continuant and if, for some t, c has_continuant_part b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [126-001])"@en . _:b665805131 . _:b663914028 . _:b663914011 . _:b665805134 . _:b665862938 . _:b663914056 . _:b665805125 . _:b665805132 . _:b665797837 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infectious_disease" . _:b665805121 . _:b665806420 "The first part of the small intestine. At the junction of the stomach and the duodenum the alimentary canal is inflected. The duodenum first goes anteriorly for a short distance, turns dorsally, and eventually caudally, thus it is a U-shaped structure with two horizontal sections (a ventral and a dorsal one)."^^ . _:b663913980 . _:b665805129 . _:b665798409 . _:b663913979 . _:b663914297 . _:b663913978 . _:b666238865 "All parts of spatiotemporal regions are spatiotemporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [096-001])"@en . _:b665805151 . _:b665805142 . _:b665805120 . _:b665798200 . _:b665805139 . _:b665805127 . _:b665805146 . _:b663914060 . _:b665860903 "diverticulum of gut"^^ . _:b663914076 . _:b665805124 . _:b666209583 "UMLS:C0038351"^^ . _:b665805137 . _:b663914059 . _:b663914075 . _:b663520789 "(forall (x) (if (MaterialEntity x) (IndependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [019-002] " . _:b665805141 . _:b665805149 . _:b663516732 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663913967 . _:b663913966 . _:b665805147 . _:b663914237 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665805136 . _:b663913965 . _:b663913964 . _:b665805144 . _:b663914224 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665805106 . _:b665805103 . _:b666238427 . _:b663914066 . _:b665805095 . _:b663914065 . _:b666238450 "the portion of the small intestine that extends from the jejunum to the colon"^^ . _:b665860782 . _:b663914065 . _:b665860783 . _:b663520168 "The tract of the alimentary canal. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663516658 . _:b665805111 . _:b665860781 . _:b665805098 . _:b666238428 . _:b663914064 . _:b665805090 . _:b663516603 . _:b666238429 . _:b665805109 . _:b665798605 . _:b665862041 "zero dimension continuant fiat boundaries are not spatial points. Considering the example 'the quadripoint where the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona meet' : There are many frames in which that point is zooming through many points in space. Whereas, no matter what the frame, the quadripoint is always in the same relation to the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona."@en . _:b665805115 . _:b665805094 . _:b663516719 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665863018 "ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.566"^^ . _:b666238078 . _:b663520896 . _:b665797824 "b process_profile_of c holds when b proper_occurrent_part_of c& there is some proper_occurrent_part d of c which has no parts in common with b & is mutually dependent on b& is such that b, c and d occupy the same temporal region (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [094-005])"@en . _:b665805118 . _:b666238072 . _:b665805089 . _:b663914178 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663914030 . _:b663914031 . _:b663914021 . _:b665805101 . _:b666238075 . _:b665861251 "(forall (x) (if (Role x) (RealizableEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [061-001] " . _:b665863128 . _:b665805116 . _:b665805105 . _:b663914269 . _:b665805110 . _:b663914268 . _:b663914044 . _:b665805108 . _:b665860794 . _:b665805093 . _:b665805112 . _:b665805104 . _:b663914032 . _:b665860792 . _:b665805114 . _:b663914033 . _:b666238448 . _:b665860793 . _:b663914040 . _:b663914034 . _:b665860742 . _:b665805097 . _:b665805119 . _:b665798089 "ISBN:0-683-40008-8"^^ . _:b665861236 "(forall (x) (if (Disposition x) (and (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (bearerOfAt x y t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [062-002] " . _:b665860743 . _:b665805102 . _:b665805107 . _:b665805100 . _:b666209688 "intestinum ileum"^^ . _:b665860738 . _:b665805113 . _:b665860739 . _:b663914062 . _:b665805117 . _:b663914063 . _:b666209466 . _:b665860737 . _:b663914061 . _:b663914253 . _:b665798637 . _:b665805417 "Every entity which has a material entity as continuant part is a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [020-002])"@en . _:b663520988 . _:b663520990 . _:b666238918 "(forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [103-001] " . _:b665861526 . _:b663914026 . _:b665860744 . _:b663914027 . _:b663521069 "posterior intestine"^^ . _:b665860745 . _:b663914243 . _:b663913711 . _:b666238438 . _:b666238439 . _:b663914244 . _:b665806073 . _:b665861596 . _:b663914040 . _:b666238404 . _:b663914041 . _:b663914246 . _:b665861535 . _:b665860755 . _:b663516673 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b666209690 . _:b665806077 . _:b666238419 . _:b665805084 . _:b666238418 . _:b665861601 . _:b666238447 . _:b663521113 . _:b665806076 . _:b665806079 . _:b665806078 . _:b663914168 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663914032 . _:b665806072 . _:b665806075 . _:b665805085 . _:b665806074 . _:b665806259 . _:b665806071 . _:b665806069 . _:b666238405 . _:b665806070 . _:b663914005 . _:b663521015 . _:b665806340 . _:b665861619 . _:b665861989 "a quality is a specifically dependent continuant that, in contrast to roles and dispositions, does not require any further process in order to be realized. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [055-001])"@en . _:b665861545 . _:b665861616 . _:b663516551 "b is a continuant fiat boundary = Def. b is an immaterial entity that is of zero, one or two dimensions and does not include a spatial region as part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [029-001])"@en . _:b665805284 . _:b663913502 "MP:0000492"^^ . _:b666238402 . _:b665798085 "BTO:0000657"^^ . _:b666238414 . _:b665805291 . _:b665798083 "BTO:0000657"^^ . _:b666238411 . _:b666239016 . _:b665805287 . _:b665805292 . _:b665861554 . _:b663521018 . _:b663913969 "Simons uses different terminology for relations of occurrents to regions: Denote the spatio-temporal location of a given occurrent e by 'spn[e]' and call this region its span. We may say an occurrent is at its span, in any larger region, and covers any smaller region. Now suppose we have fixed a frame of reference so that we can speak not merely of spatio-temporal but also of spatial regions (places) and temporal regions (times). The spread of an occurrent, (relative to a frame of reference) is the space it exactly occupies, and its spell is likewise the time it exactly occupies. We write 'spr[e]' and `spl[e]' respectively for the spread and spell of e, omitting mention of the frame." . _:b665805283 . _:b666239037 . _:b665805288 . _:b663914045 . _:b665860862 . _:b666208789 "VHOG:0000056"^^ . _:b665860863 . _:b663914018 . _:b665798683 . _:b665806173 "b is a process_profile =Def. there is some process c such that b process_profile_of c (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [093-002])"@en . _:b665863075 . _:b663914224 "It appears that the stomach has an ancient origin. The stomach first appears in the fish lineage. The prevertebrate chordates do not have a true stomach, whereas the cartilaginous and bony fish do. Although most fish do have a true stomach, some fish species appear to have lost the stomach secondarily. The remaining vertebrate lineages do have a true stomach (at least in the adult animal), although there is great variation in the size and shape of the stomach.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663521017 . _:b665863074 . _:b666209360 "(forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [095-001] " . _:b663913482 . _:b663914326 . _:b665860802 . _:b665862709 "(forall (x y) (if (and (TemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (TemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [101-001] " . _:b665860803 . _:b665798674 . _:b665860800 . _:b665805255 . _:b665805263 . _:b665860801 . _:b665805264 . _:b665805265 . _:b663914317 . _:b665861450 . _:b665805259 . _:b665860812 . _:b663516046 "cjm"^^ . _:b665860813 . _:b665860810 . _:b665861463 . _:b665805249 . _:b665860811 . _:b665860809 . _:b663914307 . _:b665805254 . _:b663914008 . _:b665805260 . _:b665805251 . _:b663520901 . . _:b665805248 . _:b663914012 . _:b663520900 . _:b663520650 . _:b665805250 . _:b665805269 . _:b665798777 . _:b663914175 . _:b665798776 . _:b663520910 . _:b663913988 . _:b663516056 "cjm"^^ . _:b665805268 . _:b665805258 . _:b665798836 "ISBN:978-0521617147 Stevens CE and Hume ID, Comparative physiology of the vertebrate digestive system (2004) p.11"^^ . _:b663521139 . _:b663913989 . _:b665861475 . _:b665805257 . _:b665805262 . _:b663520895 . _:b663913515 . _:b663913262 "If b is a realizable entity then for all t at which b exists, b s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [063-002])"@en . _:b663913514 . _:b663914166 . _:b666238342 . _:b665805261 . _:b663913996 . _:b665805272 . _:b663913997 . _:b665805230 . _:b665861499 "The posterior intestine has short longitudinally arranged epithelial folds which are similar to the colon of higher vertebrates. Wallace et al, 2005.[TAO]"^^ . _:b663913998 . _:b665805222 . _:b663913999 . _:b663913988 . _:b663914192 . _:b665805232 . _:b665805238 . _:b663913989 . _:b663914193 . _:b665798761 . _:b663913990 . _:b665805218 . _:b663913991 . _:b665860650 . _:b665805224 . _:b666209349 "(forall (x) (if (TemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [100-001] " . _:b663914071 . _:b665805226 . _:b663914070 . _:b663516075 "cjm"^^ . _:b665805231 . _:b665860649 . _:b663913986 . _:b663914069 . _:b666238854 "(forall (x) (if (SpatialRegion x) (Continuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [035-001] " . _:b665805221 . _:b663913987 . _:b665805241 . _:b663515858 "1"^^ . _:b663521115 . _:b663520955 . _:b665805227 . _:b665805338 "b is an occurrent entity iff b is an entity that has temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [079-001])"@en . _:b665798010 "ISBN:0-683-40008-8"^^ . _:b665805217 . _:b665805247 . _:b665861500 . _:b663515857 "1"^^ . _:b665798752 . _:b663521098 . _:b665860659 . _:b666209659 . _:b665860474 "(forall (x) (if (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [039-001] " . _:b663913992 . _:b665805244 . _:b665798754 . _:b663516066 "cjm"^^ . _:b665805236 . _:b663520059 "requested by Melanie Courtot" . _:b665805223 . _:b666239094 . _:b665805242 . _:b666239092 . _:b666239093 . _:b665805220 . _:b665805239 . _:b663521064 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665860460 "(iff (IndependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (not (exists (b t) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [017-002] " . _:b665861210 "(forall (x y t) (if (and (SpatialRegion x) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)) (SpatialRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [036-001] " . _:b665805245 . _:b665798751 . _:b666209655 . _:b665860890 . _:b665805233 . _:b665805235 . _:b665805229 . _:b665805240 . _:b666238375 . _:b665805191 . _:b665805202 . _:b665805197 . _:b665805199 . _:b665798219 . _:b665798729 . _:b665805186 . _:b665805205 . _:b665798728 . _:b663914237 . _:b665805194 . _:b663914236 . _:b663914239 . _:b665805211 . _:b665805188 . _:b663914238 . _:b663521009 "The posterior intestine has short longitudinally arranged epithelial folds which are similar to the colon of higher vertebrates. Wallace et al, 2005.[TAO]"^^ . _:b666238377 . _:b665860488 "If b is a realizable entity then for all t at which b exists, b s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [063-002])"@en . _:b665805190 . _:b663914056 . _:b665861394 . _:b663914235 . _:b663521055 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663914057 . _:b665805195 . _:b663913298 "p is a process boundary =Def. p is a temporal part of a process & p has no proper temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [084-001])"@en . _:b665805214 . _:b663914058 . _:b665861404 . _:b665805185 . _:b665806522 . _:b663515969 "cjm"^^ . _:b666238217 . _:b665805184 . _:b665805212 . _:b663515970 "cjm"^^ . _:b663913704 . _:b665805187 . _:b665805204 . _:b666238288 . _:b665805215 . _:b665805208 . _:b663521045 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663914051 . _:b665805200 . _:b663515992 "cjm"^^ . _:b663914052 . _:b665860792 "UMLS:C0013303"^^ . _:b663913556 . _:b663520947 . _:b665805193 . _:b666238297 . _:b665805206 . _:b665805213 . _:b665805196 . _:b665860708 . _:b663521036 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665860706 . _:b665805209 . . _:b665860707 . _:b665805203 . _:b663520940 . _:b665798782 "ISBN:978-0521617147 Stevens CE and Hume ID, Comparative physiology of the vertebrate digestive system (2004) p.11"^^ . _:b665860719 . _:b663914221 . _:b665805201 . _:b663914220 . _:b666238287 . _:b663521000 "intestinum caecum"^^ . _:b665806493 . _:b666239046 . _:b666239047 . . _:b665798019 "UMLS:C0007531"^^ . _:b665863140 "Branch or outpocketing of the digestive tract."^^ . _:b665798918 . . . _:b663521010 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665805210 . . . _:b665798839 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b665798838 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b663520830 . _:b666239172 "BTO:0000651"^^ . _:b665798913 . _:b665798840 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b663515902 . _:b663515903 . _:b663515900 . _:b663515901 . _:b663515898 . _:b665860730 . _:b663515899 . _:b663515896 . _:b663515897 . _:b663515894 . _:b663914162 . _:b663515895 . _:b663515892 . _:b665860731 . _:b663515893 . _:b663515890 . _:b663515891 . _:b663515888 . _:b663515889 . _:b663515886 . _:b663515887 . _:b665797723 "if b is a continuant and if, for some t, c has_continuant_part b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [126-001])"@en . _:b663515884 . _:b663515885 . _:b663515882 . _:b663515883 . _:b663520804 "(iff (TwoDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [033-001] " . _:b663515880 . _:b663515881 . _:b663515878 . _:b663515879 . _:b665798034 "AAO"^^ . _:b663515876 . _:b663515877 . _:b663515874 . _:b663515875 . _:b663515872 . _:b663515873 . _:b663515870 . _:b665805192 . _:b663515871 . _:b663515868 . _:b663515869 . _:b663515866 . _:b663515867 . _:b663515864 . _:b663516017 "cjm"^^ . _:b663515865 . _:b663520817 "A disease by infectious agent that results_in infection, has_material_basis_in Bacteria." . _:b663515862 . _:b663515863 . _:b665797998 "AAO"^^ . _:b663515860 . _:b663515861 . _:b663515858 . _:b665805237 . _:b663515859 . _:b663515856 . _:b663516072 "middle intestine"^^ . _:b663515857 . _:b663519956 "(forall (x) (if (Continuant x) (Entity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [008-002] " . _:b665798930 . _:b663515854 . _:b663515855 . _:b663515852 . _:b663515853 . _:b663515850 . _:b663515851 . _:b663515848 . _:b663515849 . . _:b663515846 . _:b663515847 . _:b663515844 . _:b663515845 . _:b663515842 . _:b663515843 . _:b663515840 . _:b663521063 "MP:0002581"^^ . _:b663515841 . _:b663515838 . _:b666239143 . _:b663515839 . _:b663515836 . _:b663515837 . _:b663515834 . _:b663515835 . _:b663515832 . _:b666239141 . _:b663515833 . _:b663515830 . _:b663515831 . _:b663515828 . _:b666239142 . _:b663515829 . _:b663515826 . _:b663515827 . _:b663515824 . _:b663515915 "cjm"^^ . _:b663515825 . _:b663515822 . _:b663515823 . _:b663515820 . _:b663515821 . _:b663515818 . _:b663520985 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663515819 . _:b665797985 "AAO"^^ . _:b663515816 . _:b663515817 . _:b663515814 . _:b665805246 . _:b663515815 . _:b663515812 . _:b663515813 . _:b663515810 . _:b665798889 . _:b663515811 . _:b663515808 . _:b663515809 . _:b663515806 . _:b663515807 . _:b663515804 . _:b663913998 "Each spatiotemporal region projects_onto some temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [098-001])"@en . _:b663515805 . _:b663515802 . _:b663515803 . _:b663515800 . _:b663515801 . _:b663515798 . _:b663515799 . _:b663515796 . _:b663515797 . _:b663515794 . _:b663515795 . . _:b663515792 . _:b663515793 . _:b663515790 . _:b663515791 . _:b663521178 . _:b663515788 . _:b663515789 . _:b663515786 . _:b663515787 . _:b663515784 . _:b663515785 . _:b663515782 . _:b663515783 . _:b665797758 "All parts of spatiotemporal regions are spatiotemporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [096-001])"@en . _:b663515780 . _:b663515781 . _:b663520106 . _:b663515778 . _:b663515779 . _:b663515776 . _:b663515777 . _:b663515774 . _:b663515775 . _:b663515772 . _:b666238274 . _:b663515773 . _:b663515770 . _:b665805219 . _:b663515771 . _:b663515768 . _:b663515769 . _:b663515766 . _:b663515767 . _:b663515764 . _:b663515765 . _:b666239125 . _:b666208817 . _:b663515762 . _:b663515763 . _:b663515760 . _:b663515761 . _:b663515758 . _:b665805228 . _:b663515759 . _:b663515756 . _:b665797912 . _:b663515757 . _:b663515754 . _:b663515755 . _:b663515752 . _:b665797896 . _:b663515753 . _:b663515750 . _:b663515751 . _:b663515748 . _:b663515924 "cjm"^^ . _:b663515749 . _:b663515746 . _:b663515747 . _:b663515744 . _:b663515745 . _:b666238212 . _:b663515742 . _:b663913566 "ncithesaurus:Duodenum"^^ . _:b663515743 . _:b663515740 . _:b663515741 . _:b663515738 . _:b663520973 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663515739 . _:b663515736 . _:b665798494 . _:b663515737 . _:b663515734 . _:b663515735 . _:b663515732 . _:b666239118 . _:b665798495 . _:b663515733 . _:b663515730 . _:b663515731 . _:b663515728 . _:b663515729 . _:b663515726 . _:b663520960 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663515727 . _:b663515724 . _:b663515725 . _:b663515722 . _:b663515723 . _:b663515720 . _:b663515721 . _:b663515718 . _:b665805270 . _:b663515719 . _:b663515716 . _:b663515717 . _:b663515714 . _:b663515715 . _:b663515712 . _:b665798500 . _:b663515713 . _:b663515710 . _:b663515711 . _:b663515708 . _:b665862429 "2024-09-28T14:48:16.355507"^^ . _:b663515709 . _:b663515706 . _:b663515707 . _:b663521157 . _:b663515704 . _:b663515705 . _:b663515702 . _:b665862019 "(iff (ProcessBoundary a) (exists (p) (and (Process p) (temporalPartOf a p) (not (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [084-001] " . _:b663515703 . _:b663521156 . _:b663515700 . _:b663515701 . _:b663515698 . _:b663515699 . _:b663515696 . _:b665798496 . _:b663515697 . _:b663515694 . _:b663515695 . _:b663520825 . _:b665798497 . _:b663515692 . _:b663515693 . _:b663515690 . _:b666239106 . _:b663515691 . _:b663515688 . _:b666239107 . _:b666239105 . _:b665798498 . _:b663515689 . _:b663515686 . _:b663515687 . _:b663515684 . _:b665798499 . _:b663515685 . _:b663515682 . _:b665805273 . _:b663515683 . _:b663515680 . _:b663515681 . _:b663515678 . _:b663515679 . _:b663515676 . _:b665797919 . _:b663515677 . _:b663515674 . _:b663515675 . _:b663515672 . _:b663515673 . _:b663515670 . _:b663515671 . _:b663515668 . _:b663515669 . _:b663515666 . _:b663515667 . _:b663515664 . _:b663515665 . _:b663515662 . _:b665806368 "WP"^^ . _:b663515663 . _:b663515660 . _:b663515661 . _:b663515658 . _:b663515659 . _:b666208549 _:b666208553 . _:b663515656 . _:b663520891 . _:b663515657 . _:b663515654 . _:b663515655 . _:b663515652 . _:b666209614 "ncithesaurus:Cecum"^^ . _:b663515653 . _:b663515650 . _:b666208544 _:b666208548 . _:b663515651 . _:b663515648 . _:b663515649 . _:b663520783 "(iff (ProcessBoundary a) (exists (p) (and (Process p) (temporalPartOf a p) (not (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [084-001] " . _:b663516158 . _:b663516159 . _:b663516156 . _:b663516157 . _:b666238869 "(forall (r) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [107-002] " . _:b665798826 "MGI:monikat"^^ . _:b663516154 . _:b663516155 . _:b663516152 . _:b663516516 "b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b\u2019s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003])"@en . _:b663516153 . _:b663516150 . _:b663516151 . _:b663516148 . _:b663516149 . _:b663516146 . _:b663516147 . _:b663516144 . _:b663516145 . _:b663516142 . _:b666238207 "A primary bacterial infectious disease that results_in infection located_in intestine, has_material_basis_in Campylobacter jejuni, which is transmitted_by ingestion of contaminated food or water or transmitted_by contact with infected people or animals. The infection has_symptom diarrhea or has_symptom dysentery, has_symptom abdominal cramps and pain, and has_symptom fever." . _:b665806383 . _:b663516143 . _:b663516140 . _:b663520887 . _:b663516141 . _:b663516138 . _:b663516139 . _:b663516136 . _:b663516137 . _:b663516134 . _:b663516135 . _:b663516132 . _:b666208554 _:b666208558 . _:b663516133 . _:b663516130 . _:b663516131 . _:b663516128 . _:b663516129 . _:b663516126 . _:b665805256 . _:b663516127 . _:b663516124 . _:b663516125 . _:b663516122 . _:b665806348 "AAO:0000145"^^ . _:b663516123 . _:b663516120 . _:b663516121 . _:b666208539 _:b666208543 . _:b663516118 . . _:b663516119 . _:b663516116 . _:b663516117 . _:b663516114 . _:b663516115 . _:b663516112 . _:b663516113 . _:b663516110 . _:b663516111 . _:b663516562 "a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary (surface) is a self-connected fiat surface whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [033-001])"@en . _:b663516108 . _:b663516109 . _:b665863039 "intestinum jejunum"^^ . _:b663516106 . _:b663516107 . _:b663516104 . _:b663516105 . _:b663516102 . _:b663516103 . _:b663516100 . _:b663516101 . _:b663516098 . _:b663516099 . _:b663516096 . _:b663516079 "distal intestine"^^ . _:b665798471 . _:b663516097 . _:b663520750 "(forall (x) (if (RealizableEntity x) (and (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (inheresIn x y)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [058-002] " . _:b663516094 . _:b663516095 . _:b663516092 . _:b663516093 . _:b663520249 "FMA:14541"^^ . _:b665798470 . _:b663516090 . _:b663516091 . _:b663516088 . _:b663516089 . _:b665798469 . _:b663516086 . _:b663516087 . _:b663516084 . _:b663516085 . _:b665798468 . _:b663516082 . _:b663516083 . _:b663516080 . _:b663516081 . _:b665798516 . _:b665798467 . _:b663516078 . _:b665798826 . _:b663516079 . _:b663516076 . _:b663516077 . _:b663516074 . _:b663516075 . _:b663516072 . _:b663516073 . _:b663516070 . _:b663516071 . _:b663516068 . _:b663516069 . _:b663516066 . _:b663516067 . _:b663516064 . _:b663516065 . _:b665798520 . _:b663516062 . _:b665862159 "1"^^ . _:b663516063 . _:b663516060 . _:b663516061 . _:b663516058 . _:b663516059 . _:b663516056 . _:b663516057 . _:b663516054 . _:b666239197 . _:b663521171 . _:b663520914 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663516055 . _:b663516052 . _:b663516053 . _:b663516050 . _:b663516063 "BTO:0000365"^^ . _:b665805285 . _:b663516051 . _:b663516048 . _:b663516049 . _:b665798475 . _:b663516046 . _:b663516062 "BTO:0000365"^^ . _:b663516047 . _:b663516044 . _:b663516045 . _:b665798474 . _:b663516042 . _:b663516043 . _:b663516040 . _:b663516041 . _:b665798526 . _:b665798473 . _:b663516038 . _:b665798816 . _:b663516039 . _:b663516036 . _:b663516037 . _:b665798472 . _:b663516034 . _:b663516035 . _:b663516032 . _:b663516033 . _:b665798496 . _:b663516030 . _:b663516031 . _:b663516028 . _:b666239188 . _:b663516029 . _:b665798497 . _:b663516026 . _:b663516027 . _:b663516024 . _:b663516025 . _:b663516022 . _:b663516023 . _:b663516020 . _:b666239095 . _:b663516021 . _:b663516018 . _:b665805293 . _:b663516019 . _:b663516016 . _:b666239094 . _:b663516017 . _:b663516014 . _:b663520904 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663516015 . _:b663516012 . _:b666239093 . _:b663516013 . _:b663516010 . _:b663516011 . _:b663516008 . _:b666239092 . _:b663516009 . _:b663516006 . _:b663516007 . _:b663516004 . _:b666239091 . _:b663516005 . _:b663516002 . _:b665805289 . _:b663516003 . _:b665797939 "AAO"^^ . _:b666239090 . _:b663516000 . _:b663516001 . _:b665798504 . _:b663515998 . _:b663515999 . _:b663515996 . _:b666239089 . _:b663516002 "EHDAA2"^^ . _:b663515997 . _:b665798505 . _:b663515994 . _:b663515995 . _:b663515992 . _:b663515993 . _:b666239180 . _:b665798506 . _:b663515990 . _:b663515991 . _:b663515988 . _:b663515989 . _:b666239106 "VHOG:0000450"^^ . _:b665798507 . _:b663515986 . _:b663515987 . _:b663515984 . _:b663515985 . _:b663515982 . _:b666239192 "middle intestine"^^ . _:b663515983 . _:b663515980 . _:b663515981 . _:b666239179 . _:b663515978 . _:b665798835 . _:b663515979 . _:b663515976 . _:b665862160 "1"^^ . _:b663515977 . _:b663515974 . _:b663515975 . _:b663515972 . _:b666239178 . _:b663515973 . _:b663515970 . _:b663515971 . _:b663515968 . _:b663515969 . _:b665798480 . _:b663515966 . _:b663515967 . _:b663515964 . _:b666239097 . _:b663515965 . _:b666238137 "(forall (x) (if (RealizableEntity x) (and (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (inheresIn x y)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [058-002] " . . _:b665862164 "1"^^ . _:b663515962 . _:b663515963 . _:b663515960 . _:b666239096 . _:b663515961 . _:b663515958 . _:b663515959 . _:b663515956 . _:b665862165 "1"^^ . _:b663515957 . _:b663515954 . _:b663515955 . _:b663515952 . _:b663515953 . _:b665798484 . _:b663515950 . _:b663515951 . _:b663515948 . _:b666239168 . _:b663515949 . _:b665798485 . _:b663515946 . _:b663515947 . _:b666208944 . _:b663515944 . _:b663515945 . _:b663515942 . _:b666239169 . _:b665805086 . _:b663515943 . _:b663515940 . _:b663515941 . _:b663515938 . _:b665806360 . _:b663515939 . _:b666208837 "UMLS:C0038351"^^ . _:b663515936 . _:b666238150 "(forall (x) (if (FiatObjectPart x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y) (and (Object y) (properContinuantPartOfAt x y t)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [027-004] " . _:b663515937 . _:b663515934 . _:b663515935 . _:b663515932 . _:b663515933 . _:b663515930 . _:b663515931 . _:b665861243 "a quality is a specifically dependent continuant that, in contrast to roles and dispositions, does not require any further process in order to be realized. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [055-001])"@en . _:b663515928 . _:b663515929 . _:b663515926 . _:b663515927 . _:b663515924 . _:b663515925 . _:b665798491 . _:b663515922 . _:b663515923 . _:b663515920 . _:b665860833 . _:b663515921 . _:b663515918 . _:b663515919 . _:b663515916 . _:b663515917 . _:b663515914 . _:b663515915 . _:b663515912 . _:b663515913 . _:b663515910 . _:b665806114 . _:b665806112 . _:b663515911 . _:b663515908 . _:b663515909 . _:b665806115 . _:b663515906 . _:b663515907 . _:b665860794 "BTO:0000365"^^ . _:b663515904 . _:b665806117 . _:b665806119 . _:b665806105 . _:b663515905 . _:b665860565 "A gastrointestinal system infectious disease that involves inflammation of the lining of the stomach and small and large intestines, which is caused by viruses, bacteria, or parasites. Chemicals and drugs also cause gastroenteritis. The symptoms include diarrhea, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, cramps, and discomfort in the abdomen." . _:b665860793 "BTO:0000365"^^ . _:b665806106 . _:b665806118 . _:b665806098 . _:b665806113 . _:b666238111 "All parts of temporal regions are temporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [101-001])"@en . _:b665806116 . _:b665798469 . _:b666238268 . _:b665797939 "Portion of the alimentary canal bounded anteriorly by the pyloric sphincter and posteriorly by the cloacal sphincter.[AAO]"^^ . _:b665798470 . _:b665806097 . _:b665798471 . _:b665806096 . _:b665806126 . _:b665798806 . _:b665806124 . _:b663520063 "(forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [102-001] " . . _:b665860846 . _:b665806125 . _:b666208901 . _:b663519996 . _:b665806122 . _:b665806123 . _:b665806120 . _:b665806121 . _:b665806135 . _:b665806092 . _:b665798479 . _:b665806133 . _:b665798570 "b process_profile_of c holds when b proper_occurrent_part_of c& there is some proper_occurrent_part d of c which has no parts in common with b & is mutually dependent on b& is such that b, c and d occupy the same temporal region (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [094-005])"@en . _:b663519995 . _:b665806130 . _:b665806131 . _:b666238322 . _:b665798564 . _:b665806089 . _:b665806132 . _:b665806129 . _:b665798565 . _:b663521033 "2"^^ . _:b665806095 . _:b665798763 . _:b665798566 . _:b665806094 . _:b665806091 . _:b663520313 "BTO:0000657"^^ . _:b666238272 . _:b665806087 . _:b665798756 . _:b663520311 "BTO:0000657"^^ . _:b665806093 . _:b665806136 . _:b665805553 . _:b666238091 "Occurrent doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the sum of a process and the process boundary of another process."@en . _:b665806137 . _:b665805554 . _:b665806081 . _:b665806080 . _:b665806138 . _:b665806142 . _:b665806139 . _:b665798560 . _:b665806084 . _:b665805096 . _:b665806143 . _:b663521165 . _:b665805099 . _:b665805091 . _:b665806083 . _:b665806086 . _:b666209807 . _:b663914261 . _:b665806140 . _:b665860545 "b is a relational quality = Def. for some independent continuants c, d and for some time t: b quality_of c at t & b quality_of d at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [057-001])"@en . _:b665798487 "(forall (x t) (if (and (IndependentContinuant x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (Entity y) (specificallyDependsOnAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [018-002] " . _:b663914260 . _:b665806085 . _:b665806090 . _:b665806141 . _:b665805092 . _:b665798779 . _:b665806088 . _:b663521162 . _:b665806082 . _:b665806128 . _:b663520963 "gaster"^^ . _:b665806134 . _:b663913427 . _:b665797782 "(forall (x) (if (exists (t) (and (existsAt x t) (Quality x))) (forall (t_1) (if (existsAt x t_1) (Quality x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [105-001] " . _:b666238108 "(forall (x) (if (SpatialRegion x) (Continuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [035-001] " . _:b665805140 . . _:b665861943 "Every occurrent occupies_spatiotemporal_region some spatiotemporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [108-001])"@en . _:b665798579 . _:b665806099 . _:b663515732 "All continuant parts of spatial regions are spatial regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [036-001])"@en . _:b665860463 "All continuant parts of spatial regions are spatial regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [036-001])"@en . _:b665798578 . _:b665862886 "ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.566"^^ . _:b665798577 . _:b665806100 . _:b665806101 . _:b665798730 . _:b665806103 . _:b665806102 . _:b665806127 . _:b665798113 . _:b665805150 . _:b665860828 . _:b665806107 . _:b665805145 . _:b665798553 . _:b665798116 . _:b665806104 . _:b665806110 . _:b665806108 . _:b663914302 . _:b665806111 . _:b665797756 . _:b665806109 . _:b665806170 . _:b665797757 . _:b665798559 . _:b663515985 "Anterior end of the alimentary canal lined with smooth muscle. Bounded anteriorly by a constriction in the pharynx. Bounded posteriorly by and increase in circular and/or longitudinal smooth muscle associated with the stomach.[AAO]"^^ . _:b665797758 . _:b665806171 . _:b663515646 . _:b663515647 . _:b665806168 . _:b665797759 . _:b663515644 . _:b663515645 . _:b663515642 . _:b663515643 . _:b665806176 . _:b665797752 . _:b663515640 . _:b663515641 . _:b663515638 . _:b663515639 . _:b665797753 . _:b663515636 . _:b663515637 . _:b663515634 . _:b663516672 "AAO:0000246"^^ . _:b663515635 . _:b665797754 . _:b665806186 . _:b665806178 . _:b663515632 . _:b663515633 . _:b663515630 . _:b663515631 . _:b665797755 . _:b665806177 . _:b663515628 . _:b663515629 . _:b665806172 . _:b663515626 . _:b665806169 . _:b665805135 . _:b663515627 . _:b665797748 . _:b663515624 . _:b663515625 . _:b665863167 "To say that spatiotemporal region s spatially_projects_onto spatial region r at t is to say that r is the spatial extent of s at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [081-003])"@en . _:b663515622 . _:b665806163 . _:b663515623 . _:b665806185 . _:b665797749 . _:b663515620 . _:b663515621 . _:b663515618 . _:b663515619 . _:b665806184 . _:b665797750 . _:b663515616 . _:b663515617 . _:b665806165 . _:b663515614 . _:b663515615 . _:b665797751 . _:b663515612 . _:b663515613 . _:b663515610 . _:b665798743 . _:b663515611 . _:b665797744 . _:b663515608 . _:b663515609 . _:b663515606 . _:b665806167 . _:b665805130 . _:b665860937 . _:b663515607 . _:b665797745 . _:b663515604 . _:b663515605 . _:b663515602 . _:b663515603 . _:b665806166 . _:b665797746 . _:b665862420 . _:b663515600 . _:b663515601 . _:b663515598 . _:b663515599 . _:b665797747 . _:b663515596 . _:b663515597 . _:b665862421 . _:b665806162 . _:b663515594 . _:b663515595 . _:b665806164 . _:b665797740 . _:b663515592 . _:b663520740 "(forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (TemporalRegion y) (temporallyProjectsOnto x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [098-001] " . _:b663515593 . _:b663515590 . _:b665805174 . _:b663515591 . _:b665797741 . _:b663515588 . _:b663515589 . _:b663515586 . _:b663515587 . _:b665797742 . _:b663515584 . _:b663515585 . _:b663515582 . _:b663515583 . _:b665797743 . _:b663515580 . _:b663515581 . _:b663515578 . _:b663519957 . _:b663515579 . _:b665797736 . _:b663515576 . _:b663515577 . _:b663515574 . _:b663519956 . _:b663515575 . _:b665797737 . _:b663515572 . _:b663515573 . _:b663515570 . _:b663519955 . _:b663515571 . _:b665797738 . _:b663515568 . _:b663515569 . _:b663515566 . _:b663519954 . _:b663515567 . _:b665797739 . _:b663515564 . _:b663515565 . _:b663515562 . _:b665805183 . _:b663515563 . _:b665797732 . _:b663515560 . _:b663515561 . _:b663515558 . _:b663515559 . _:b665797733 . _:b663515556 . _:b663515557 . _:b663515554 . _:b663515555 . _:b665797734 . _:b663515552 . _:b663515553 . _:b665806146 . _:b663515550 . _:b663515551 . _:b665797735 . _:b663515548 . . _:b666238549 . _:b665806145 . _:b663515549 . _:b663515546 . _:b663515547 . _:b665797728 . _:b666238199 "url:https://www.foodsafety.gov/poisoning/causes/bacteriaviruses/salmonella" . _:b663515544 . _:b663515545 . _:b665806147 . _:b663515542 . _:b663519964 . _:b665806149 . _:b663515543 . _:b663521034 . _:b665806151 . _:b663515540 . _:b665797729 . _:b663515541 . _:b665806148 . _:b663515538 . _:b663519963 . _:b663515539 . _:b665797730 . _:b663515536 . _:b663515537 . _:b663515534 . _:b663515535 . _:b665797731 . _:b663515532 . _:b663515533 . _:b665806144 . _:b663515530 . _:b663515531 . _:b665806150 . _:b665797724 . _:b663515528 . _:b663515529 . _:b663515526 . _:b663515527 . _:b663521038 . _:b663515524 . _:b665797725 . _:b663519983 . _:b663515525 . _:b663515522 . _:b663515523 . _:b663519984 . _:b663515520 . _:b665797726 . _:b663515521 . _:b663515518 . _:b663515519 . _:b665797727 . _:b663515516 . _:b663515517 . _:b663515514 . _:b665805155 . _:b663515515 . _:b665797720 . _:b663515512 . _:b663515513 . _:b663515510 . _:b663515511 . _:b665797721 . _:b663515508 . _:b663520932 . _:b663515509 . _:b663515506 . _:b665805165 . . _:b663515507 . _:b665797722 . _:b663515504 . _:b663520933 . _:b663515505 . _:b666238552 . _:b663515502 . . . . _:b663515503 . _:b665797723 . _:b663515500 . _:b663515501 . _:b663515498 . . _:b663515499 . . _:b663515496 . . _:b663515497 . . _:b663515494 . _:b663515495 . _:b663520928 . . _:b663515492 . _:b663515493 . _:b665806156 . _:b663515490 . _:b665805161 . _:b663515491 . _:b663520929 . _:b663515488 . _:b663515489 . _:b663515486 . _:b663515487 . . _:b665797719 . _:b663515484 . _:b663515485 . _:b663515482 . _:b663515483 . _:b663515480 . _:b663515481 . _:b665806159 . . _:b663515478 . _:b663515479 . _:b665806153 . . _:b663521143 . _:b665862220 "the terminal portion of the intestinal tube, terminating with the anus"^^ . . _:b663515476 . _:b663515477 . . _:b663515474 . _:b665806158 . . _:b663515475 . _:b665806152 . . _:b663515472 . _:b663515473 . _:b663515470 . _:b665806157 . _:b665806155 . _:b665806347 . . _:b663515471 . _:b663515468 . _:b663515469 . _:b663515466 . _:b665806154 . . _:b663515467 . _:b663515464 . . _:b663515465 . _:b666238530 . _:b663515462 . _:b663515463 . _:b665806161 . _:b663515461 . _:b663519991 . _:b665806160 . _:b663519990 . _:b665805469 . _:b665806181 . _:b663520702 "(forall (x) (if (Continuant x) (Entity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [008-002] " . _:b663519984 . _:b663914076 "A primary bacterial infectious disease caused by the bacteria of the genus Salmonella. It has sypmtoms diarrhea, fever, vomiting, and abdominal cramps 12 to 72 hours after infection. In most cases, the illness lasts four to seven days, and most people recover without treatment." . _:b663914450 . _:b663519999 . _:b665806179 . _:b666238051 _:b666238055 . _:b663519996 . _:b665806175 . _:b665806182 . _:b665806180 . _:b665806174 . _:b665806183 . _:b665798818 "In fish, the divisions of the small intestine are not as clear, and the terms anterior intestine or proximal intestine may be used instead of duodenum."^^ . _:b665861631 "The pharynx is the part of the digestive system immediately posterior to the mouth[GO]."^^ . _:b663519994 . _:b665806173 . _:b663519993 . _:b665797820 . _:b666238237 . _:b663519992 . _:b665797821 . _:b663520991 "A pouch in the digestive tract that connects the ileum with the ascending colon of the large intestine. It is separated from the ileum by the ileocecal valve, and is the beginning of the large intestine. It is also separated from the colon by the cecocolic junction."^^ . _:b663519975 . _:b665797822 . _:b665861302 "url:https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/general/index.html" . _:b663516926 . _:b663519974 . _:b663516927 . _:b665797823 . _:b666238061 _:b666238065 . _:b663516924 . _:b663516925 . _:b663516922 . _:b663516923 . _:b665797816 . _:b663516920 . _:b663516921 . _:b663516918 . _:b665798684 . _:b663516919 . _:b666238056 _:b666238060 . _:b665797817 . _:b663516916 . _:b663516917 . _:b663516914 . _:b663516915 . _:b665797818 . _:b663516912 . _:b663516913 . _:b663516910 . _:b663519970 . _:b663516911 . _:b665797819 . _:b663516908 . _:b663516909 . _:b663516906 . _:b663519969 . _:b663516907 . _:b663521130 . _:b663516904 . _:b665797812 . _:b663516905 . _:b666238066 _:b666238070 . _:b663516902 . _:b663519968 . _:b663516903 . _:b665797813 . _:b663516900 . _:b663516901 . _:b663516898 . _:b663516899 . _:b665797814 . _:b663516896 . _:b663516897 . _:b663516894 . _:b663519982 . _:b663516895 . _:b665797815 . _:b663516892 . _:b663516893 . _:b663516890 . _:b663519981 . _:b663516891 . _:b665797808 . _:b663516888 . _:b663516889 . _:b663516886 . _:b666238395 "AAO:0010400"^^ . _:b665861980 "If b is a realizable entity then for all t at which b exists, b s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [063-002])"@en . _:b663519980 . _:b663516887 . . _:b663516884 . _:b665797809 . _:b663516885 . _:b663516882 . _:b663516883 . _:b665797810 . _:b663516880 . _:b663516881 . _:b663516878 . _:b663516879 . _:b665797811 . _:b663516876 . _:b663516877 . _:b663516874 . _:b665798675 . _:b663516875 . _:b665797804 . _:b663516872 . _:b663516873 . _:b663516870 . _:b663516871 . _:b665797805 . _:b663515866 . _:b663516868 . _:b663516869 . _:b663516866 . _:b663516867 . _:b665797806 . _:b663516864 . _:b663516865 . _:b665860547 "a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary (surface) is a self-connected fiat surface whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [033-001])"@en . _:b663516862 . _:b663516863 . _:b665797807 . _:b663516860 . _:b663520918 . _:b663516861 . _:b663516858 . _:b663516859 . _:b665797800 . _:b663516856 . _:b663516857 . _:b663516854 . _:b663516855 . _:b665797801 . _:b663516852 . _:b663516853 . _:b663516850 . _:b663516851 . _:b665797802 . _:b663516848 . _:b663520917 . _:b663516849 . _:b663516846 . _:b663516847 . _:b665797803 . _:b663516844 . _:b663516845 . _:b663516842 . _:b665798734 "ncithesaurus:Stomach"^^ . _:b663516843 . _:b665797796 . _:b663516840 . _:b663516841 . _:b663516838 . _:b663516839 . _:b665797797 . _:b663516836 . _:b663516837 . _:b663516834 . _:b663516835 . _:b663521031 . _:b663516832 . _:b665797798 . _:b663516833 . _:b665806109 "Each spatiotemporal region at any time t projects_onto some spatial region at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [099-001])"@en . _:b663516830 . _:b663516831 . _:b665797799 . _:b663516828 . _:b663516829 . _:b665805598 . _:b663516826 . _:b663516827 . _:b665797792 . _:b663516824 . _:b663516825 . _:b663516822 . _:b663516823 . _:b665797793 . _:b663516820 . _:b663520924 . _:b663516821 . _:b663520075 . _:b663516818 . _:b663516819 . _:b665797794 . _:b663516816 . _:b663516817 . _:b663516814 . _:b663521027 . _:b663516815 . _:b665797795 . _:b663516812 . _:b665805571 . _:b663516813 . _:b663516810 . _:b663516811 . _:b665797788 . _:b663516808 . _:b663520923 . _:b665805568 . _:b663516809 . _:b663516806 . _:b663516807 . _:b665797789 . _:b663516804 . _:b663516805 . _:b663516802 . _:b663521116 . _:b665805473 . _:b663516803 . _:b663521024 . _:b665797790 . _:b663516800 . _:b663516801 . _:b663516798 . _:b663516799 . _:b665797791 . _:b663516796 . _:b663516797 . _:b665806196 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campylobacteriosis" . _:b663516794 . . _:b663516795 . _:b665797784 . _:b663516792 . _:b663516793 . _:b663516790 . _:b663520967 . _:b663516791 . _:b665797785 . _:b663516788 . _:b663516789 . _:b663516786 . _:b663516787 . _:b665797786 . _:b663516784 . _:b663516785 . _:b663516782 . _:b663516783 . _:b665797787 . _:b663516780 . _:b663516781 . _:b663516778 . _:b663516779 . _:b665797780 . _:b663516776 . _:b663516777 . _:b663516774 . _:b663516775 . _:b663521032 . _:b663516772 . _:b665797781 . _:b663516773 . _:b663516770 . _:b663520970 . _:b663516771 . _:b665797782 . _:b663516768 . _:b663516769 . _:b663516766 . _:b666209329 "b is an occurrent entity iff b is an entity that has temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [079-001])"@en . _:b663516767 . _:b665797783 . _:b663516764 . _:b663516765 . _:b663516762 . _:b663516763 . _:b665797776 . _:b663516760 . _:b663520317 "MP:0002581"^^ . _:b663516761 . _:b663516758 . _:b663516759 . _:b665797777 . _:b663516756 . _:b663516757 . _:b663516754 . _:b663516755 . _:b665797778 . _:b663516752 . _:b663516753 . _:b663516750 . _:b663516751 . _:b665797779 . _:b663516748 . _:b663516749 . _:b666239196 "MGI:csmith"^^ . _:b663516746 . _:b663516747 . _:b665797772 . _:b665805440 . _:b663516744 . _:b663520978 . _:b663516745 . _:b663516742 . _:b663516743 . _:b666238914 "Every process boundary occupies_temporal_region a zero-dimensional temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [085-002])"@en . _:b665797773 . _:b663516740 . _:b663520977 . _:b663516741 . _:b663516738 . _:b663516739 . _:b665797774 . _:b665805409 "(forall (x) (if (Function x) (Disposition x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [064-001] " . _:b663516736 . _:b663520976 . _:b663516737 . _:b663516734 . _:b663516735 . _:b665797775 . _:b663516732 . _:b663520983 . _:b663516733 . _:b663516730 . _:b663516731 . _:b665797768 . _:b663516728 . _:b663516729 . _:b663516726 . _:b663516727 . _:b665797769 . _:b663516724 . _:b663520981 . _:b663516725 . _:b663516722 . _:b663516723 . _:b665797770 . _:b663516720 . _:b663516721 . _:b663516718 . _:b663516719 . _:b665797771 . _:b663516716 . _:b663516717 . _:b663913241 "A temporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of time as defined relative to some reference frame. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [100-001])"@en . _:b663516714 . _:b663516715 . _:b665797764 . _:b663516712 . _:b663516713 . _:b663516710 . _:b663516711 . _:b665797765 . _:b663914082 . _:b663516485 "(forall (r) (if (TemporalRegion r) (occupiesTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [119-002] " . _:b663516708 . _:b665797833 "(iff (ZeroDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [031-001] " . _:b663516709 . _:b663516706 . _:b663516707 . _:b665797766 . _:b663516704 . _:b663516705 . _:b663516702 . _:b663516703 . _:b665797767 . _:b665862140 . _:b663516700 . _:b663516701 . _:b666238517 . _:b663516698 . _:b663516699 . _:b663520974 "MA"^^ . _:b663516696 . _:b665797760 . _:b663516697 . _:b663516694 . _:b663516695 . _:b665797761 . _:b663516692 . _:b663516693 . _:b663516690 . _:b663516691 . _:b665797762 . _:b663516688 . _:b663516689 . _:b663516686 . _:b663516687 . _:b665797763 . _:b663516684 . _:b663516685 . _:b663516682 . _:b663516683 . _:b663516680 . _:b663516681 . _:b663516678 . _:b663516745 "UMLS:C0034896"^^ . _:b663516679 . _:b663516676 . _:b663516677 . _:b663516674 . _:b663516675 . _:b663516672 . _:b665861527 "UMLS:C0021852"^^ . _:b665797748 . _:b663516673 . _:b665797749 . _:b665797750 . _:b665797751 . _:b666238346 "Portion of alimentary canal with increased circular and longitudinal smooth muscle. Bounded posteriorly by the pyloric sphincter. Mucosal lining has increased folding.[AAO]"^^ . _:b663521003 . _:b663521002 . _:b666238123 "(forall (r) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [107-002] " . _:b666238161 "(forall (x) (if (Site x) (ImmaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [034-002] " . _:b663521006 . _:b665797752 . _:b665797753 . _:b665797754 . _:b663913337 . _:b665797745 . _:b663519979 "Every temporal region t is such that t occupies_temporal_region t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [119-002])"@en . _:b666238961 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_gastrointestinal_tract" . _:b666209420 "(forall (x y) (if (processProfileOf x y) (and (properContinuantPartOf x y) (exists (z t) (and (properOccurrentPartOf z y) (TemporalRegion t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion y t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion z t) (not (exists (w) (and (occurrentPartOf w x) (occurrentPartOf w z))))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [094-005] " . _:b665797750 . _:b665797751 . . . _:b663520766 "An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects " . . . _:b663520767 "An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects " . . _:b663515770 "b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b\u2019s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003])"@en . . . . . _:b665797758 . . . . _:b665797759 . _:b665797854 . _:b665860549 "requested by Melanie Courtot" . _:b666239169 . _:b665797848 . _:b665797849 . _:b666238940 "(iff (ZeroDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [031-001] " . _:b665797733 . _:b665797734 . . _:b665797846 . . _:b665797727 . _:b665797847 . _:b663913564 "In fish, the divisions of the small intestine are not as clear, and the terms anterior intestine or proximal intestine may be used instead of duodenum."^^ . _:b665797726 . . _:b663515757 "If b is a realizable entity then for all t at which b exists, b s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [063-002])"@en . _:b665797725 . _:b665797738 . _:b665797739 . _:b665797724 . _:b665797723 . _:b666239178 . _:b665797843 . _:b665797722 . _:b663520796 "(iff (OneDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [032-001] " . _:b665805734 . _:b665797836 . _:b665797721 . _:b666239188 . _:b665797837 . _:b665797838 . _:b665797832 . _:b665797833 . _:b665805821 . _:b665797834 . _:b663520425 . _:b665805820 . _:b665797835 . _:b666239197 . _:b665797828 . _:b665797729 . _:b665805822 . _:b665797829 . _:b665797728 . _:b665797830 . _:b665805817 . _:b665797831 . _:b665805818 . _:b666239143 "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665797824 . _:b663516952 . _:b665805819 . _:b663516950 . _:b663516951 . _:b665797825 . _:b663516948 . _:b663516949 . _:b665797723 . _:b663516946 . _:b663516947 . _:b665797826 . _:b663516944 . _:b663516945 . _:b665797724 . _:b663516942 . _:b665805316 . _:b663516943 . _:b665797827 . _:b663516940 . _:b663516941 . _:b665797725 . _:b663516938 . _:b665805319 . _:b663516939 . _:b663516936 . _:b663516937 . _:b663516934 . _:b663516935 . _:b663516932 . _:b663516933 . _:b663516930 . _:b663516931 . _:b665805341 . _:b663516928 . _:b663516929 . _:b663516414 . _:b663516415 . _:b663516412 . _:b663516413 . _:b663516410 . _:b663516411 . _:b665797876 . _:b663516408 . _:b665805343 . _:b663516409 . _:b663516406 . _:b663516407 . _:b663516404 . _:b663516405 . _:b663516402 . _:b663516403 . _:b663516400 . _:b663516401 . _:b663516398 . _:b665862692 "(forall (x) (iff (Occurrent x) (and (Entity x) (exists (y) (temporalPartOf y x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [079-001] " . _:b663516399 . _:b663516396 . _:b663516397 . _:b663516394 . _:b663516395 . _:b665797940 . _:b663516392 . _:b663516393 . _:b663516390 . . _:b663516391 . _:b665797941 . _:b663516388 . _:b663516389 . _:b663516386 . _:b665805333 . _:b663516387 . _:b663516384 . _:b665805334 . _:b665805335 . _:b665805332 . _:b663516385 . _:b663516382 . _:b663516383 . _:b663516380 . _:b663516381 . _:b663516378 . _:b665805354 . _:b663516379 . _:b663516376 . _:b665805355 . _:b663516377 . _:b665805353 . _:b663516374 . _:b665805357 . _:b663520794 "(iff (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ImmaterialEntity a) (exists (b) (and (or (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b)) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))) (not (exists (c t) (and (SpatialRegion c) (continuantPartOfAt c a t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [029-001] " . _:b665805322 . _:b663516375 . _:b665797937 . _:b665805356 . _:b663516372 . _:b663520287 "2"^^ . _:b665805358 . _:b663516373 . _:b665805715 . _:b665805329 . _:b663516370 . _:b663516371 . _:b665797938 . _:b663516368 . _:b663516369 . _:b665805328 . _:b663516366 . _:b663516367 . _:b665797939 . _:b663516364 . _:b663516365 . _:b665806290 "VHOG:0000056"^^ . _:b663516362 . _:b665797741 "(forall (x t) (if (and (IndependentContinuant x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (Entity y) (specificallyDependsOnAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [018-002] " . _:b663516363 . _:b665805344 . _:b665797932 . _:b663516360 . _:b663516361 . _:b665805330 . _:b665805712 . _:b665805362 . _:b663516358 . _:b663516359 . _:b663516356 . _:b663516357 . _:b663516354 . _:b666239197 "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663516355 . _:b665805324 . _:b663516352 . _:b665805363 . _:b663516353 . _:b666209400 "(forall (x) (if (Function x) (Disposition x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [064-001] " . _:b663516350 . _:b663516351 . _:b663516348 . _:b663516349 . _:b665805361 . _:b665805325 . _:b663516346 . _:b663516347 . _:b665797928 . _:b665805326 . _:b663516344 . _:b663516345 . _:b666238958 . _:b663516342 . _:b665805323 . _:b663516343 . _:b665797929 . _:b663516340 . _:b663516341 . _:b663516338 . _:b665805365 . _:b663520019 . _:b663516339 . _:b665797930 . _:b665805367 . _:b663516336 . _:b663516337 . _:b663516334 . _:b665805366 . _:b663516335 . _:b665805364 . _:b665797931 . _:b663516332 . _:b663516333 . _:b663913582 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665797813 . _:b663516330 . _:b663520017 . _:b663516331 . _:b663516328 . _:b663516329 . _:b665797814 . _:b663516326 . _:b663516327 . _:b665805370 . _:b663516324 . _:b665805372 . _:b665805721 . _:b665805374 . _:b663516325 . _:b663516322 . _:b663520031 . _:b663516323 . _:b663516320 . _:b665805726 . _:b665805375 . _:b663516321 . _:b663516318 . _:b665805368 . _:b663516319 . _:b663516316 . _:b663516317 . _:b665798528 "(forall (x) (if (exists (t) (and (existsAt x t) (Quality x))) (forall (t_1) (if (existsAt x t_1) (Quality x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [105-001] " . _:b665805369 . _:b663516314 . _:b663516315 . _:b663516312 . _:b665805373 . _:b663516313 . _:b663516310 . _:b663520028 . _:b663516311 . _:b663516308 . _:b663516309 . _:b663516306 . _:b663516307 . _:b663516304 . _:b663516305 . _:b663516302 . _:b665805326 "A continuant is an entity that persists, endures, or continues to exist through time while maintaining its identity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [008-002])"@en . _:b663520026 . _:b663516303 . _:b663516300 . _:b663516301 . _:b663516298 . _:b663516299 . _:b663516296 . _:b665805371 . _:b663516297 . _:b663516294 . _:b663520024 . _:b663516295 . _:b663516292 . _:b663516293 . _:b663516290 . _:b663520063 . _:b663516291 . _:b663516288 . _:b663516289 . _:b663913573 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663516286 . _:b663520006 . _:b663516287 . _:b663520062 . _:b663516284 . _:b665861574 . _:b663516285 . _:b665806469 . _:b663516282 . _:b663516283 . _:b663516280 . _:b663516281 . _:b665806468 . _:b663516278 . _:b663520004 . _:b663516279 . _:b663516276 . _:b663520458 . _:b663516277 . _:b663516274 . _:b663520003 . _:b663516275 . _:b663516272 . _:b663516273 . _:b666239106 . _:b663516270 . _:b663516271 . _:b663516268 . _:b663516269 . _:b663516266 . _:b663516267 . _:b663516264 . _:b665861579 . _:b665805724 . _:b663516265 . _:b663520453 . . _:b663516262 . . _:b663516263 . _:b663520000 . _:b663516260 . _:b665805360 . _:b663516261 . _:b663516258 . _:b663520015 . _:b663516259 . _:b663516256 . _:b663516257 . _:b666239118 . _:b663516254 . _:b663516255 . _:b663516252 . _:b663516253 . _:b663516250 . _:b663520013 . _:b663516198 "To say that spatiotemporal region s spatially_projects_onto spatial region r at t is to say that r is the spatial extent of s at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [081-003])"@en . _:b663516251 . _:b663516248 . _:b665797818 . _:b663516249 . _:b663516246 . _:b663516247 . _:b663516244 . _:b665797819 . _:b663516245 . _:b663516242 . _:b665860588 "1"^^ . _:b663516243 . _:b663516240 . _:b665797820 . _:b663516241 . _:b663516238 . _:b665860589 "1"^^ . _:b663516239 . _:b663520010 . _:b663516236 . _:b665806413 "UMLS:C0021852"^^ . _:b663516237 . _:b663516234 . _:b663520009 . _:b663516235 . _:b663516232 . _:b663516233 . _:b666208826 . _:b665805327 . _:b663516230 . _:b663516231 . _:b663516228 . _:b666238895 "b is a fiat object part = Def. b is a material entity which is such that for all times t, if b exists at t then there is some object c such that b proper continuant_part of c at t and c is demarcated from the remainder of c by a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [027-004])"@en . _:b663516229 . _:b665797807 . _:b663516226 . _:b663914110 . _:b665805342 . _:b663516227 . _:b663516224 . _:b663516225 . _:b663516222 . _:b663520780 "p is a process boundary =Def. p is a temporal part of a process & p has no proper temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [084-001])"@en . _:b663516223 . _:b663520054 . _:b663516220 . _:b663516221 . _:b663516218 . _:b663520053 . _:b663516219 . _:b663516216 . _:b665805347 . _:b663516217 . _:b665805331 . _:b663516214 . _:b663516215 . _:b663516212 . _:b665861592 . _:b663516213 . _:b663516210 . _:b663516211 . _:b663516208 . _:b663516209 . _:b665797780 . _:b663516206 . _:b663520050 . _:b663516207 . _:b663516204 . _:b663516205 . _:b663516202 . _:b663516203 . _:b663516200 . _:b665805359 . _:b663516201 . _:b663516198 . _:b663520048 . _:b663516199 . _:b663516196 . _:b663516197 . _:b665863041 "middle intestine"^^ . _:b663913182 _:b663913186 . _:b665805352 . _:b663516194 . _:b663520063 . _:b665805337 . _:b663516195 . _:b663516192 . _:b663516193 . _:b665805340 . _:b663516190 . _:b663516191 . _:b663516188 . _:b663516189 . _:b666208783 . _:b663520748 "All realizable dependent continuants have independent continuants that are not spatial regions as their bearers. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [060-002])"@en . _:b663516186 . _:b663520061 . _:b665805339 . _:b663516187 . _:b665806376 "intestinum caecum"^^ . _:b663516184 . _:b663516185 . _:b663516182 . _:b663516183 . _:b663516180 . _:b663516181 . _:b665805349 . _:b663516178 . _:b663516179 . _:b663516176 . _:b665805336 . _:b665805345 . _:b665805348 . _:b663516177 . _:b663516174 . _:b663520058 . _:b665805346 . _:b663516175 . _:b663516172 . _:b665805351 . _:b665805812 . _:b663516173 . _:b663516170 . _:b663516171 . _:b665798012 . _:b663516168 . _:b663516169 . _:b665805338 . _:b665805350 . _:b663516166 . _:b665805411 . _:b663520056 . _:b663516167 . _:b665798013 . _:b663516164 . _:b663516165 . _:b666239143 . _:b663516162 . _:b663914094 . _:b663516163 . _:b663520039 . _:b663516160 . _:b663516161 . _:b665805401 . _:b665805413 . _:b665797760 . _:b663516670 . _:b663516671 . _:b665805403 . _:b665798015 . _:b666208695 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campylobacteriosis" . _:b663516668 . _:b663516669 . _:b665805402 . _:b665797761 . _:b663516666 . _:b663520037 . _:b663516667 . _:b665798008 . _:b663516664 . _:b663516665 . _:b665805400 . _:b663913563 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663516662 . _:b665805409 . _:b663520036 . _:b663516663 . _:b663516660 . _:b663516661 . _:b663516658 . _:b663913187 _:b663913191 . _:b665805408 . _:b663516659 . _:b665805404 . _:b665798010 . _:b663516656 . _:b663516657 . _:b663516654 . _:b663516655 . _:b665798011 . _:b665805405 . _:b665805415 . _:b663516652 . _:b663516653 . _:b665805410 . _:b663516650 . _:b665805412 . _:b663520033 . _:b663516651 . _:b663516648 . _:b665805414 . _:b665806517 "GO:0060465"^^ . _:b663516649 . _:b663516646 . _:b665805397 . _:b663516647 . _:b665798005 . _:b663516644 . _:b663516645 . _:b665805398 . _:b663516642 . _:b663516643 . _:b665798006 . _:b663516640 . _:b663516641 . _:b663516638 . _:b665805392 . _:b665805807 . _:b665805394 . _:b665805396 . _:b663516639 . _:b663516636 . _:b663516637 . _:b663913554 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663516634 . _:b665805393 . _:b663520045 . _:b665805395 . _:b663516635 . _:b665798000 . _:b663516632 . _:b663516633 . _:b665797770 . _:b663516630 . _:b663520044 . _:b663516631 . _:b665798001 . _:b663913197 _:b663913201 . _:b663516628 . _:b663516629 . _:b665805399 . _:b663516626 . _:b663520043 . _:b663516627 . _:b663516624 . _:b663516625 . _:b663516622 . _:b663516623 . _:b663913192 _:b663913196 . _:b663516620 . _:b663516621 . _:b663516618 . _:b663516619 . _:b663516616 . _:b663516617 . _:b665797774 . _:b663516614 . _:b663516615 . _:b665805427 . _:b665797997 . _:b665805431 . _:b663516612 . _:b663516613 . _:b663516610 . _:b663516611 . _:b665797998 . _:b663516608 . _:b663516609 . _:b663516606 . _:b663516607 . _:b665805764 . _:b663516604 . _:b665797999 . _:b663516605 . _:b663516602 . _:b663516603 . _:b665805388 . _:b663516600 . _:b663516601 . _:b663516598 . _:b663516599 . _:b663516596 . _:b663516597 . _:b663516594 . _:b663516595 . _:b665805430 . _:b663516592 . _:b663516593 . _:b663516590 . _:b663516591 . . _:b663516588 . _:b665805429 . . _:b663516589 . . _:b663516586 . . _:b663516587 . . _:b665797988 . _:b665805428 . _:b663516584 . _:b663516585 . . _:b663516582 . _:b665798733 "WP:Stomach#In_other_animals"^^ . . _:b665860753 "The posterior intestine has short longitudinally arranged epithelial folds which are similar to the colon of higher vertebrates. Wallace et al, 2005.[TAO]"^^ . . _:b663516583 . _:b665797989 . . _:b663516580 . _:b663516581 . _:b663516578 . _:b663516579 . . _:b665797990 . _:b663516576 . _:b663516577 . . _:b663516574 . _:b663516575 . . _:b663516572 . . _:b663516573 . . _:b663516570 . _:b663516571 . _:b665797984 . . _:b663516568 . _:b663516569 . _:b663516566 . . _:b663516567 . _:b665797985 . _:b663516564 . _:b663516565 . _:b663516562 . _:b665805381 . _:b663516563 . _:b665805674 "The first part of the small intestine. At the junction of the stomach and the duodenum the alimentary canal is inflected. The duodenum first goes anteriorly for a short distance, turns dorsally, and eventually caudally, thus it is a U-shaped structure with two horizontal sections (a ventral and a dorsal one)."^^ . . _:b665797986 . _:b663516560 . _:b663516561 . _:b663516558 . _:b665805382 . _:b663516559 . _:b665805439 . _:b665797987 . _:b663516556 . _:b663516557 . _:b663516554 . _:b665861336 . _:b663516555 . _:b665805438 . _:b663516552 . _:b665805432 . _:b663516553 . _:b663516550 . _:b665805433 . _:b663516551 . _:b666208664 "(forall (x) (if (MaterialEntity x) (IndependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [019-002] " . _:b665805383 . _:b663516548 . _:b663516549 . _:b666239047 . _:b663516546 . _:b665798583 "url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infectious_disease" . _:b663516547 . _:b665797982 . _:b663516544 . _:b663516545 . _:b663516542 . _:b665805594 "ventriculus"^^ . _:b663516543 . _:b665797983 . _:b663516540 . _:b663516541 . _:b663516538 . _:b665805434 . _:b663516539 . _:b663516536 . _:b663516537 . _:b665805380 . _:b663516534 . _:b665805378 . _:b663516535 . _:b663516532 . _:b665798519 "To say that b is a realizable entity is to say that b is a specifically dependent continuant that inheres in some independent continuant which is not a spatial region and is of a type instances of which are realized in processes of a correlated type. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [058-002])"@en . _:b663516533 . _:b663913528 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663516530 . _:b665805379 . _:b663516531 . _:b663516528 . _:b663516529 . _:b665797831 . _:b663516526 . _:b663516527 . _:b663520913 "AAO:0000246"^^ . _:b665805436 . _:b665805376 . _:b663516524 . _:b663516525 . _:b665805377 . _:b663516522 . _:b663516523 . _:b663516520 . _:b665805437 . _:b663516521 . _:b663516518 . _:b663516519 . _:b665805390 . _:b663516516 . _:b663516517 . _:b665805426 . _:b663516514 . _:b663516515 . _:b665805391 . _:b663516512 . _:b663516513 . _:b665805384 . _:b663516510 . _:b665805389 . _:b663516511 . _:b665805424 . _:b663516508 . _:b663516509 . _:b663516506 . _:b663516507 . _:b665805435 . _:b663516504 . _:b666239120 "BTO:0001158"^^ . _:b663516505 . _:b665805425 . _:b665805386 . _:b665797833 . _:b663914053 "(forall (x) (if (MaterialEntity x) (IndependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [019-002] " . _:b665805387 . _:b663516502 . _:b663516503 . _:b663516500 . _:b663516501 . _:b665797832 . _:b663516498 . _:b663516499 . _:b663516496 . _:b663516497 . _:b663516494 . _:b663516495 . _:b665805385 . _:b663516492 . _:b663516493 . _:b663516490 . _:b665861320 . _:b663516491 . _:b663516488 . _:b663516489 . _:b663516486 . _:b663516487 . _:b663516484 . _:b663516485 . _:b663516482 . _:b665805423 . _:b663516483 . _:b665805418 . _:b663516480 . _:b663516481 . _:b663516478 . _:b665805417 . _:b663516479 . _:b663516476 . _:b663516477 . _:b663516474 . _:b665860883 . _:b663516475 . _:b663516472 . _:b666208697 "url:http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf" . _:b663516473 . _:b663516470 . _:b665797724 "if b is a continuant and if, for some t, cis continuant_part of b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [009-002])"@en . _:b663516471 . _:b665805422 . _:b663516468 . _:b663516469 . _:b665805416 . _:b663516466 . _:b663516467 . _:b663516464 . _:b663516465 . _:b663516462 . _:b665805421 . _:b663516463 . _:b663516460 . _:b663516461 . _:b663516458 . _:b663516459 . _:b665805420 . _:b663516456 . _:b663516457 . _:b665805419 . _:b665805363 "Each spatiotemporal region at any time t projects_onto some spatial region at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [099-001])"@en . _:b663516454 . _:b663516455 . _:b663516452 . _:b663516453 . _:b663516450 . _:b663516451 . _:b666208860 "The terminal portion of the large intestine between the ileo-pelvic colon and the anus. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]"^^ . _:b663516448 . _:b663516449 . _:b663516446 . _:b665862789 "(iff (ZeroDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [031-001] " . _:b663516447 . _:b665805407 . _:b663516444 . _:b663516445 . _:b663516442 . _:b663516443 . _:b665805406 . _:b663516440 . _:b663516441 . _:b663516438 . _:b663516439 . _:b663516436 . _:b663516437 . _:b663515748 "Every spatiotemporal region s is such that s occupies_spatiotemporal_region s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [107-002])"@en . _:b663516434 . _:b663914253 . _:b663516435 . _:b663516432 . _:b663516433 . _:b663516430 . _:b663516431 . _:b663516428 . _:b666238286 . _:b663516429 . _:b663913478 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663516426 . _:b663914255 . _:b663516427 . _:b665805701 . _:b663516424 . _:b665798076 . _:b663516425 . _:b663516422 . _:b663516423 . _:b663520263 "The posterior intestine has short longitudinally arranged epithelial folds which are similar to the colon of higher vertebrates. Wallace et al, 2005.[TAO]"^^ . _:b663516420 . _:b663516421 . _:b663516418 . _:b663516419 . _:b663516416 . _:b663516417 . _:b666209767 . _:b665798079 . _:b665862230 "VHOG:0001559"^^ . _:b665798072 . _:b665861295 "zero dimension continuant fiat boundaries are not spatial points. Considering the example 'the quadripoint where the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona meet' : There are many frames in which that point is zooming through many points in space. Whereas, no matter what the frame, the quadripoint is always in the same relation to the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona."@en . _:b663914260 . _:b665798073 . _:b663914261 . _:b665798074 . _:b665805393 "(forall (x) (if (FiatObjectPart x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y) (and (Object y) (properContinuantPartOfAt x y t)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [027-004] " . _:b663914262 . _:b663520288 . _:b665798075 . _:b663914263 . _:b663521170 . _:b663913503 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663914256 . _:b665805709 . _:b665862240 "3"^^ . _:b665798069 . . _:b663914257 . _:b665805706 . _:b665798070 . _:b665798890 "alimentary system subdivision"^^ . _:b663914258 . _:b663521167 . _:b663913376 . _:b663520292 . _:b665798071 . _:b663914259 . _:b663520393 . _:b665798064 . _:b663913491 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665805704 . _:b665798065 . _:b666239093 . _:b665798060 . _:b663914264 . _:b665798061 . _:b665862720 "(forall (x y) (if (and (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (SpatioTemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [096-001] " . _:b663914265 . _:b666208839 . _:b665798511 "(forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [095-001] " . _:b665798062 . _:b666208838 . _:b665798063 . _:b666208837 . _:b666208836 . _:b666208835 . _:b666208834 . _:b665798059 . _:b666208833 . _:b666208832 . _:b665806257 . _:b665862197 "WP:Stomach#In_other_animals"^^ . _:b663515721 "b is an occurrent entity iff b is an entity that has temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [079-001])"@en . _:b666238386 "blindgut"^^ . _:b665862975 "ncithesaurus:Cecum"^^ . _:b665798642 . _:b665862421 "To say that spatiotemporal region s spatially_projects_onto spatial region r at t is to say that r is the spatial extent of s at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [081-003])"@en . _:b665806261 . _:b666208942 "intestinum ileum"^^ . . _:b663516612 . . _:b665798036 . _:b665860781 "UMLS:C0021852"^^ . . _:b665798037 . _:b666209684 "MP:0002581"^^ . _:b663520367 . _:b665862970 . _:b665798033 . _:b665863119 . _:b665798034 . _:b665862972 . _:b665862992 "VHOG:0000648"^^ . _:b665798035 . _:b665798577 "requested by Melanie Courtot" . _:b665798030 . _:b665798031 . _:b665798024 . _:b665798025 . _:b665862734 "(forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [037-001] " . _:b665862963 . _:b665798026 . _:b665798027 . _:b665798020 . _:b665798021 . _:b663913478 "It appears that the stomach has an ancient origin. The stomach first appears in the fish lineage. The prevertebrate chordates do not have a true stomach, whereas the cartilaginous and bony fish do. Although most fish do have a true stomach, some fish species appear to have lost the stomach secondarily. The remaining vertebrate lineages do have a true stomach (at least in the adult animal), although there is great variation in the size and shape of the stomach.[well established][VHOG]"^^ . _:b665798022 . _:b665862952 . _:b666238168 "Every process boundary occupies_temporal_region a zero-dimensional temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [085-002])"@en . _:b665798023 . _:b665863159 . _:b665863133 . _:b663520370 . _:b665798017 . _:b665798018 . _:b663913377 . _:b665798019 . _:b665862958 . _:b663914238 "esophagus NOT part of gut in MA. part of gut in ZFA. part_of gut (via UGIT) in FMA. Consider splitting. Interspecies: The human oesophagus is 25 cm long and has a diameter of ca. 2 cm. Only little information was found on the oesophagus in rat, rabbit and pig. The oesophagus of rat (75 x 2 mm) and rabbit has no mucous glands and the cardia of the stomach has a well-developed sphincter, which prevents them from vomiting (Hebel and Stromberg, 1988; Manning et al., 1994). Morphologically the oesophagus is similar in man and pig; both are omnivores and have a non-keratinised epithelium, submucous glands and similar membrane enzymes. Like in humans, pigs can suffer from reflux oesophagitis and stress ulceration of the oesophagus. The pig oesophagus may therefore be a good model for investigation compared to the human oesophagus (Christie et al., 1995)"^^ . _:b665798143 . _:b665798090 "ISBN:978-0521617147 Stevens CE and Hume ID, Comparative physiology of the vertebrate digestive system (2004) p.11"^^ . _:b666238367 "MA"^^ . _:b666209629 "The last portion of the digestive system, it extracts water and salt from solid wastes before they are eliminated from the body.[AAO]"^^ . _:b665863122 . _:b665862950 . _:b663913407 . _:b665862951 . _:b663520993 "ncithesaurus:Cecum"^^ . _:b665862936 . . . . _:b663520238 . _:b665805814 . _:b665861534 "The first part of the small intestine. At the junction of the stomach and the duodenum the alimentary canal is inflected. The duodenum first goes anteriorly for a short distance, turns dorsally, and eventually caudally, thus it is a U-shaped structure with two horizontal sections (a ventral and a dorsal one)."^^ . _:b665860505 "(forall (x) (if (Role x) (RealizableEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [061-001] " . _:b665805815 . _:b665862931 . _:b665863136 . _:b665862932 . _:b666239037 . _:b665862933 . _:b665862934 . _:b665862935 . _:b665863131 . _:b665862920 . _:b665862923 . _:b665805800 . _:b663913491 "DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1996.tb01658.x Mallatt J, Ventilation and the origin of jawed vertebrates: a new mouth. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (1996)"^^ . . _:b663913979 "(forall (x t) (if (and (IndependentContinuant x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (Entity y) (specificallyDependsOnAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [018-002] " . _:b663520257 . _:b663520225 . _:b666208998 . _:b663520256 . _:b665861607 "A proximal-distal subdivision of the digestive tract."^^ . . _:b666208647 "(forall (x) (if (ThreeDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [040-001] " . _:b663913608 . _:b663516077 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663520260 . _:b665862916 . _:b665862917 . _:b665862918 . _:b665805797 . _:b665805427 "b is a process_profile =Def. there is some process c such that b process_profile_of c (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [093-002])"@en . _:b665863033 . _:b663516068 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663520245 . _:b665798092 . _:b665862329 . _:b665798093 . _:b665862037 "b is a relational quality = Def. for some independent continuants c, d and for some time t: b quality_of c at t & b quality_of d at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [057-001])"@en . _:b665862328 . _:b665798094 . _:b665863075 . _:b663913605 . _:b665798095 . _:b665798088 . _:b665798089 . _:b663516672 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b665798090 . _:b665862631 . _:b665798091 . _:b665862629 . _:b665862630 . _:b663516558 "(forall (x y) (if (processProfileOf x y) (and (properContinuantPartOf x y) (exists (z t) (and (properOccurrentPartOf z y) (TemporalRegion t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion y t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion z t) (not (exists (w) (and (occurrentPartOf w x) (occurrentPartOf w z))))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [094-005] " . _:b665798084 . _:b665806337 "We restrict this to the vertebrate specific structure - see the grouping class 'food storage organ' for analogous structures in other species. Teleosts: Zebrafish is functionally stomach-less, but may retain ontogenic footprint. Although the precise shape and size of the stomach varies widely among different vertebrates, the relative positions of the oesophageal and duodenal openings remain relatively constant. As a result, the organ always curves somewhat to the left before curving back to meet the pyloric sphincter. However, lampreys, hagfishes, chimaeras, lungfishes, and some teleost fish have no stomach at all, with the oesophagus opening directly into the intestine. The gastric lining is usually divided into two regions, an anterior portion lined by fundic glands, and a posterior with pyloric glands. Cardiac glands are unique to mammals, and even then are absent in a number of species. The distributions of these glands vary between species, and do not always correspond with the same regions as in man. Furthermore, in many non-human mammals, a portion of the stomach anterior to the cardiac glands is lined with epithelium essentially identical to that of the oesophagus. Ruminants, in particular, have a complex stomach, the first three chambers of which are all lined with oesophageal mucosa"^^ . _:b665798085 . _:b665805596 . _:b665806164 "every entity of which a material entity is continuant part is also a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [021-002])"@en . _:b665798080 . _:b665798081 . _:b665798082 . _:b665861448 . _:b665798083 . _:b663520685 . _:b665863022 . _:b666238985 . _:b665863009 . _:b666238831 "if b is a continuant and if, for some t, cis continuant_part of b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [009-002])"@en . _:b665863010 . _:b663914228 . _:b665863011 . _:b665798036 "ISBN:978-0521617147 Stevens CE and Hume ID, Comparative physiology of the vertebrate digestive system (2004) p.11"^^ . _:b663516719 "DOI:10.1046/j.1525-142x.2000.00076.x Smith DM, Grasty RC, Theodosiou NA, Tabin CJ, Nascone-Yoder NM, Evolutionary relationships between the amphibian, avian, and mammalian stomachs. Evolution and development (2000)"^^ . _:b665862633 . _:b663913323 "requested by Melanie Courtot" . _:b665863013 . _:b665860842 . _:b666209470 . _:b666208831 . _:b663914457 . _:b665863001 . _:b663516731 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b663520212 . _:b663516722 "gaster"^^ . _:b665863002 . _:b665863043 . _:b665863080 . _:b663516058 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665798115 . _:b665863006 . _:b663520412 "Branch or outpocketing of the digestive tract."^^ . _:b665798184 . _:b665798093 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b665798185 . _:b665862995 . _:b665798092 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b665860457 "For every independent continuant b and time t during the region of time spanned by its life, there are entities which s-depends_on b during t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [018-002])"@en . _:b663516718 "AAO:EJS"^^ . _:b666238235 . _:b665863040 . _:b665798094 "BTO:0000620"^^ . _:b663516049 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665863062 . _:b663520166 . _:b665862984 . _:b663520688 . _:b666238283 . . _:b666238282 . _:b665798128 . _:b663520691 . _:b665862988 . _:b665798172 . _:b665805613 . _:b665861220 "(forall (x) (if (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [039-001] " . . _:b665860737 "ncithesaurus:Cecum"^^ . _:b665861450 "VHOG:0000408"^^ . _:b663520352 . . _:b665806084 "b is an occurrent entity iff b is an entity that has temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [079-001])"@en . _:b665863096 . _:b665798167 . _:b665863077 . _:b665863097 . _:b665805607 . _:b665863098 . _:b663913978 "(forall (x t) (if (IndependentContinuant x) (exists (r) (and (SpatialRegion r) (locatedInAt x r t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [134-001] " . _:b665798622 . . _:b665806411 "2012-08-14"^^ . _:b666209732 . _:b666209492 . _:b665863014 . _:b665863103 . _:b665863088 . _:b665863089 . _:b665862754 "(forall (x) (if (ThreeDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [040-001] " . _:b663520055 "b is a relational quality = Def. for some independent continuants c, d and for some time t: b quality_of c at t & b quality_of d at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [057-001])"@en . _:b666238291 "VHOG:0000054"^^ . _:b665863093 . _:b665805467 . _:b665805551 . _:b665863094 . _:b665805651 . _:b666209747 . _:b665863024 . _:b665805471 . _:b665798144 . _:b663516023 "VHOG"^^ . _:b666209750 . _:b665863082 . _:b666209507 . _:b665798145 . _:b665860521 "(iff (GenericallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (exists (b t) (genericallyDependsOnAt a b t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [074-001] " . _:b665863000 . _:b665863085 . _:b665862975 "UMLS:C0007531"^^ . _:b665805448 . _:b666209061 _:b666209067 . _:b665862792 "A history is a process that is the sum of the totality of processes taking place in the spatiotemporal region occupied by a material entity or site, including processes on the surface of the entity or within the cavities to which it serves as host. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [138-001])"@en . _:b665863072 . _:b665862997 . _:b665798061 "TAO:0001323"^^ . _:b665863073 . _:b665863034 . _:b666239198 "UMLS:C0020885"^^ . _:b663520157 . _:b665860515 "A three-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of three dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [040-001])"@en . _:b665805444 . _:b663516723 . _:b665806118 "(iff (Process a) (and (Occurrent a) (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)) (exists (c t) (and (MaterialEntity c) (specificallyDependsOnAt a c t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [083-003] " . _:b665806385 "2012-08-14"^^ . _:b665863078 . _:b665862994 . _:b665863079 . _:b666239140 "ZFIN:curator"^^ . _:b666209039 . _:b665863064 . _:b665798110 . _:b665863067 . _:b663515973 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663520935 . _:b663515782 "b is an object aggregate means: b is a material entity consisting exactly of a plurality of objects as member_parts at all times at which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [025-004])"@en . _:b663520369 . . _:b665863069 . _:b665805462 . . . _:b665805463 . _:b665863012 . _:b663515998 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665862985 . . _:b663515986 "VHOG"^^ . _:b665805465 . _:b665805464 . _:b663516823 "ISBN:978-0521617147 Stevens CE and Hume ID, Comparative physiology of the vertebrate digestive system (2004) p.11"^^ . _:b666238797 _:b666238801 . _:b665862431 . _:b665862300 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665862430 . _:b663520805 "requested by Melanie Courtot" . _:b665862291 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b666239143 "VHOG:0000648"^^ . _:b665805665 "TAO"^^ . _:b663516206 . _:b666208597 "Temporal region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of a temporal instant and a temporal interval that doesn't overlap the instant. In this case the resultant temporal region is neither 0-dimensional nor 1-dimensional"@en . _:b665863042 . _:b665863074 . _:b665862279 "3"^^ . _:b665863004 . _:b663516755 . _:b665805467 . _:b665862281 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b663516756 . _:b665862924 . _:b663520019 . _:b665862925 . _:b665863129 . _:b666209419 "b process_profile_of c holds when b proper_occurrent_part_of c& there is some proper_occurrent_part d of c which has no parts in common with b & is mutually dependent on b& is such that b, c and d occupy the same temporal region (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [094-005])"@en . _:b663520018 . _:b665862757 "b is an object means: b is a material entity which manifests causal unity of one or other of the types CUn listed above & is of a type (a material universal) instances of which are maximal relative to this criterion of causal unity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [024-001])"@en . _:b665863130 . _:b665805471 . _:b665862927 . _:b665805671 . _:b666238812 _:b666238816 . _:b665862947 . _:b665862949 . _:b666238802 _:b666238806 . _:b665862272 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665862647 "0.0"^^ . _:b666238807 _:b666238811 . _:b663520051 . _:b665863153 . _:b663520076 . _:b665863154 . _:b663520077 . _:b663520054 . _:b663520074 . _:b663520213 "AAO:0000579"^^ . _:b665863156 . _:b666209423 "(iff (RelationalQuality a) (exists (b c t) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (IndependentContinuant c) (qualityOfAt a b t) (qualityOfAt a c t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [057-001] " . _:b663520075 . _:b663520052 . _:b665862289 "3"^^ . . _:b663520053 . _:b663520432 . _:b665862960 . _:b663520071 "A disease by infectious agent that results_in infection, has_material_basis_in Bacteria." . _:b665863144 . _:b663520071 . _:b663515788 "b is an object means: b is a material entity which manifests causal unity of one or other of the types CUn listed above & is of a type (a material universal) instances of which are maximal relative to this criterion of causal unity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [024-001])"@en . _:b665862652 "0.0"^^ . _:b665863147 . _:b665798210 . _:b663520066 . _:b665798211 . _:b666238239 . _:b663516797 . _:b663520065 . _:b665863162 . _:b665862298 "3"^^ . _:b665805330 "(forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (continuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [009-002] " . _:b665805639 "TAO"^^ . _:b665863137 . _:b665863138 . _:b663520254 "intestinum caecum"^^ . _:b666208938 "MP:0002581"^^ . _:b665863139 . _:b663515917 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663520992 "WP"^^ . _:b665862930 . _:b665863142 . _:b665805477 . _:b663913429 . _:b665863165 . _:b663520004 . _:b663520052 "b process_profile_of c holds when b proper_occurrent_part_of c& there is some proper_occurrent_part d of c which has no parts in common with b & is mutually dependent on b& is such that b, c and d occupy the same temporal region (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [094-005])"@en . _:b663520001 . _:b665862272 "ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.566"^^ . _:b663520082 . _:b663520003 . _:b663520002 . _:b663913420 . _:b663520046 . _:b665862246 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665863117 . _:b663913509 . _:b663913510 . _:b663516580 "A gastrointestinal system infectious disease that involves inflammation of the lining of the stomach and small and large intestines, which is caused by viruses, bacteria, or parasites. Chemicals and drugs also cause gastroenteritis. The symptoms include diarrhea, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, cramps, and discomfort in the abdomen." . _:b663913511 . _:b665863125 . _:b665863025 "3"^^ . _:b665863114 . _:b665862976 "VHOG:0001559"^^ . _:b665863112 . _:b663516733 "MA"^^ . _:b663913507 . _:b663515927 "VHOG"^^ . _:b663913516 . _:b663913517 . _:b663520030 . _:b663520050 . _:b663520034 . _:b663913518 . _:b663520031 . _:b663913519 . _:b665798568 "(iff (OneDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [032-001] " . _:b666238453 "distal intestine"^^ . _:b663913512 . _:b663520049 . _:b665797831 "requested by Melanie Courtot" . _:b663913513 . _:b665863035 "3"^^ . _:b663913514 . _:b665862937 . _:b663913515 . _:b666208883 "The last portion of the digestive system, it extracts water and salt from solid wastes before they are eliminated from the body.[AAO]"^^ . _:b665863106 . _:b665861476 "UMLS:C0034896"^^ . _:b663520022 . _:b666209727 . _:b665863108 . _:b665861648 . _:b665860468 . _:b663520056 . _:b665863111 . _:b665860469 . _:b663520055 . _:b665860470 . _:b665798504 "All parts of spatiotemporal regions are spatiotemporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [096-001])"@en . _:b665860657 "Portion of the alimentary canal bounded anteriorly by the pyloric sphincter and posteriorly by the cloacal sphincter.[AAO]"^^ . _:b663520055 . _:b665860471 . _:b663516769 "ISBN:978-0521617147 Stevens CE and Hume ID, Comparative physiology of the vertebrate digestive system (2004) p.11"^^ . _:b665798578 "a zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a fiat point whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [031-001])"@en . _:b665862883 . _:b663520992 "A cecum is present in most amniote species, and also in lungfish, but not in any living species of amphibian. In reptiles, it is usually a single median structure, arising from the dorsal side of the large intestine. Birds typically have two paired ceca, as, unlike other mammals, do hyraxes. Most mammalian herbivores have a relatively large cecum, hosting a large number of bacteria, which aid in the enzymatic breakdown of plant materials such as cellulose; in many species, it is considerably wider than the colon. In contrast, obligatory carnivores, whose diets contain little or no plant material, have a reduced cecum, which is often partially or wholly replaced by the vermiform appendix. Many fish have a number of small outpocketings, called pyloric ceca, along their intestine; despite the name they are not homologous with the cecum of amniotes, and their purpose is to increase the overall area of the digestive epithelium.[2] Some invertebrates, such as squid,[3] may also have structures with the same name, but these have no relationship with those of vertebrates."^^ . _:b663516576 "A disease by infectious agent that results_in infection, has_material_basis_in Bacteria." . _:b665862221 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665860466 . _:b663520051 . _:b665860467 . _:b663520016 . _:b663520017 . _:b665862209 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665862986 "3"^^ . _:b665860691 . _:b663913971 . _:b665860472 . _:b663913972 . _:b665862892 . _:b663520011 . _:b663913976 . _:b663913977 . _:b665860684 . _:b665862769 "Every entity which has a material entity as continuant part is a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [020-002])"@en . _:b665860468 . _:b665862787 . _:b665860469 . _:b665862039 "a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary (surface) is a self-connected fiat surface whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [033-001])"@en . _:b666208909 "Subdivision of digestive tract that connects the stomach to the large intestine and is where much of the digestion and absorption of food takes place (with the exception of ruminants). The mammalian small intestine is long and coiled and can be differentiated histologically into: duodenum, jejunem, ileum[WP,cjm,Kardong]."^^ . _:b665797773 "To say that b is a realizable entity is to say that b is a specifically dependent continuant that inheres in some independent continuant which is not a spatial region and is of a type instances of which are realized in processes of a correlated type. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [058-002])"@en . _:b663913983 . _:b663914312 "ncithesaurus:Duodenum"^^ . _:b665862943 "WP:Stomach#In_other_animals"^^ . _:b663520020 . _:b663520030 . _:b665860450 "An occurrent is an entity that unfolds itself in time or it is the instantaneous boundary of such an entity (for example a beginning or an ending) or it is a temporal or spatiotemporal region which such an entity occupies_temporal_region or occupies_spatiotemporal_region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [077-002])"@en . _:b663520021 . _:b663520022 . _:b663520013 "(iff (SpecificallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (forall (t) (if (existsAt a t) (exists (b) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (not (SpatialRegion b)) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [050-003] " . _:b665862196 "2012-09-17"^^ . _:b665860476 . _:b666208855 "MA"^^ . _:b663520023 . _:b663914178 "VHOG:0000056"^^ . _:b665860477 . _:b665860478 . _:b665860479 . _:b665805622 "WP"^^ . _:b665860439 . _:b663913961 . _:b663913962 . _:b665860451 . _:b663913963 . _:b663520132 . _:b665860452 . _:b663520024 . _:b663913416 . _:b665860456 . _:b663913959 . _:b665860447 . _:b665860457 . _:b665860446 . _:b665860445 . _:b665860444 . _:b665860885 "The pharynx is the part of the digestive system immediately posterior to the mouth[GO]."^^ . _:b665860443 . _:b665860442 . _:b665860441 . _:b665860463 . _:b665860440 . _:b663913967 . _:b663913966 . _:b665798729 . _:b663913965 . _:b663520167 "Portion of the alimentary canal bounded anteriorly by the pyloric sphincter and posteriorly by the cloacal sphincter.[AAO]"^^ . _:b663913964 . _:b663913963 . _:b663913962 . _:b665805490 . _:b663913961 . _:b663913960 . _:b665860441 . _:b665860442 . _:b665798829 "intestinum jejunum"^^ . _:b665860443 .