In host–guest chemistry, a carcerand (from Latin carcer 'prison') is a host molecule that completely entraps its guest (which can be an ion, atom or other chemical species) so that it will not escape even at high temperatures. This type of molecule was first described in 1985 by Donald J. Cram and coworkers. The complexes formed by a carcerand with permanently imprisoned guests are called carceplexes.
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| - Carcerand
- Carcerand
- Carcerando
- カルセランド
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| - カルセランド（英：carcerand）は、高温でもゲスト分子が逃れられない、完全に閉じ込めるホスト分子である。このタイプの分子は、1985年にドナルド・クラムによって最初に報告され、その名称は、ラテン語の carcer 、すなわち刑務所に由来する。永久に投獄されたゲストとカルセランドによって形成された複合体は、カルセプレックスと呼ばれる 。 対照的に、ヘミカルセランドでは、高温下でゲストがその空洞に出入りすることができるが、室温下では安定な複合体を形成する。ヘミカルセランドとゲストによって形成される複合体は、ヘミカルセプレックスと呼ばれる。
- Un carcerando è una molecola ospitante che intrappola completamente il suo ospite in modo da non permetterne la fuga persino ad elevate temperature. Questo tipo di molecola è stata descritta la prima volta da Donald J. Cram nel 1985. I complessi formati da un carcerando con molecole ospiti imprigionate in modo permanente sono chiamati carceplessi.
- In host–guest chemistry, a carcerand (from Latin carcer 'prison') is a host molecule that completely entraps its guest (which can be an ion, atom or other chemical species) so that it will not escape even at high temperatures. This type of molecule was first described in 1985 by Donald J. Cram and coworkers. The complexes formed by a carcerand with permanently imprisoned guests are called carceplexes.
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| - Un carcerando è una molecola ospitante che intrappola completamente il suo ospite in modo da non permetterne la fuga persino ad elevate temperature. Questo tipo di molecola è stata descritta la prima volta da Donald J. Cram nel 1985. I complessi formati da un carcerando con molecole ospiti imprigionate in modo permanente sono chiamati carceplessi. Di contro, gli emicarcerandi consentono alle molecole ospiti di entrare e uscire dalla cavità ad elevate temperature ma formeranno complessi stabili a temperatura ambiente. I complessi formati da un emicarcerando e dagli ospiti sono chiamati emicarceplessi.
- カルセランド（英：carcerand）は、高温でもゲスト分子が逃れられない、完全に閉じ込めるホスト分子である。このタイプの分子は、1985年にドナルド・クラムによって最初に報告され、その名称は、ラテン語の carcer 、すなわち刑務所に由来する。永久に投獄されたゲストとカルセランドによって形成された複合体は、カルセプレックスと呼ばれる 。 対照的に、ヘミカルセランドでは、高温下でゲストがその空洞に出入りすることができるが、室温下では安定な複合体を形成する。ヘミカルセランドとゲストによって形成される複合体は、ヘミカルセプレックスと呼ばれる。
- In host–guest chemistry, a carcerand (from Latin carcer 'prison') is a host molecule that completely entraps its guest (which can be an ion, atom or other chemical species) so that it will not escape even at high temperatures. This type of molecule was first described in 1985 by Donald J. Cram and coworkers. The complexes formed by a carcerand with permanently imprisoned guests are called carceplexes. In contrast, hemicarcerands allow guests to enter and exit the cavity at high temperatures but will form stable complexes at ambient temperatures. The complexes formed by a hemicarcerand and a guest are called hemicarceplexes.
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