About: A bioassay-based protocol for chemical neutralization of human faecal wastes treated by physico-chemical disinfection processes: A case study on benzalkonium chloride

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About: A bioassay-based protocol for chemical neutralization of human faecal wastes treated by physico-chemical disinfection processes: A case study on benzalkonium chloride Goto Sponge NotDistinct Permalink

An Entity of Type : schema:ScholarlyArticle, within Data Space : wasabi.inria.fr associated with source document(s)

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type	Academic Article research paper schema:ScholarlyArticle
isDefinedBy	Covid-on-the-Web dataset
has title	A bioassay-based protocol for chemical neutralization of human faecal wastes treated by physico-chemical disinfection processes: A case study on benzalkonium chloride
Creator	Sobsey, Mark Allen, Grace Baloch, Mahnoor Camacho, Juan Elmes, Sam Fisher, Michael Gadai, Gregory Leifels, Mats Mishal, Nadia Sozzi, Emanuele Strasser, Joseph Valenti, Lexi
Source	Elsevier; Medline; PMC
abstract	In situ physico-chemical disinfection of high risk faecal waste is both effective and widely used as a sanitation management strategy for infection prevention and control. Systematic tests where the performance of alternative physico-chemical disinfection methods is systematically compared and optimized must be based on reliable protocols. These protocol are currently not adequately addressing the neutralization related issues: the neutralization of the tested disinfectant after specified conditions of concentration and contact time (CT) is necessary to prevent continued disinfection after the intended contact time; moreover such neutralization is often necessary in practice and on a large scale to prevent adverse health and ecological impacts from remaining disinfectant after the target CT is achieved. Few studies adequately assess the extent of neutralization of the chemical disinfectant and are intended to optimize on-site disinfection practices for waste matrices posing high microbial risks. Hence, there is a need for effective and reproducible neutralization protocols in chemical disinfection trials and practice. Furthermore, for most of chemical disinfectants used in healthcare settings there is no practical methodology to reliably and conveniently measure the residual disinfectant concentration after its neutralization and also determine the optimum concentration of the neutralizer. Because some neutralizing compounds can themselves be toxic to the test microorganisms, it is necessary to optimize neutralization procedures in disinfection experiments for the development of infection control practices using accepted positive control microbes. In the presented work, a stepwise bioassay-based protocol using representative faecal indicator microbes is described for optimizing chemical disinfection and subsequent disinfectant neutralization of any infectious faecal waste matrix. The example described is for the quaternary ammonium compound benzalkonium chloride and its recommended chemical neutralizer in a high strength human faecal waste matrix.
has issue date	2018-11-10(xsd:dateTime)
bibo:doi	10.1016/j.ijheh.2018.07.002
bibo:pmid	30424942
has license	no-cc
sha1sum (hex)	27ad6787fac866ead3cb1407e86cb57653c17cc2
schema:url	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheh.2018.07.002
resource representing a document's title	A bioassay-based protocol for chemical neutralization of human faecal wastes treated by physico-chemical disinfection processes: A case study on benzalkonium chloride
has PubMed Central identifier	PMC7172796
has PubMed identifier	30424942
schema:publication	Int J Hyg Environ Health
resource representing a document's body	covid:27ad6787fac866ead3cb1407e86cb57653c17cc2#body_text
is schema:about of	named entity 'effective' named entity 'In situ' named entity 'disinfection' named entity 'sanitation' named entity 'waste' named entity 'matrix' named entity 'representative' named entity 'determine' named entity 'faecal' named entity 'adverse' named entity 'treated' named entity 'INFECTIOUS' named entity 'QUATERNARY AMMONIUM COMPOUND' named entity 'REMAINING' named entity 'INTENDED' named entity 'METHODS' named entity 'USED' named entity 'EXAMPLE' named entity 'experiments' named entity 'reliably' named entity 'human' named entity 'matrices' named entity 'Because' named entity 'management' named entity 'high' named entity 'disinfectants' named entity 'reproducible' named entity 'infection prevention' named entity 'faecal' named entity 'contact' named entity 'based' named entity 'continued' named entity 'extent' named entity 'measure' named entity 'benzalkonium chloride' named entity 'disinfectants' named entity 'sanitation' named entity 'positive control' named entity 'chemical disinfection' named entity 'bioassay' named entity 'microbes' named entity 'infection control' named entity 'microorganisms' named entity 'microbes' named entity 'benzalkonium chloride' named entity 'bioassay' named entity 'Disinfectant' named entity 'BNZ' named entity 'bacteriophage φ6' named entity 'sewage' named entity 'BNZ' named entity 'phages' named entity '5/1' named entity 'PBS' named entity 'Bacteriophage φ6' named entity 'BNZ' named entity '20/1' named entity 'disinfectant' named entity 'biocides' named entity 'BNZ' named entity 'microbially' named entity 'chemical disinfection' named entity 'epidemic' named entity 'BNZ' named entity 'lecithin' named entity 'microbiology' named entity 'bioassay' named entity 'Springthorpe' named entity 'treatment facilities' named entity 'faecal samples'

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